A method, system, device and medium for configuring a flexible interconnection device for a transformer area

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, system, equipment, and medium for configuring flexible interconnection devices for low-voltage distribution substations. The method includes: acquiring operational data of the low-voltage distribution substations; calculating operational status parameters based on the operational data; selecting a set of candidate interconnection substations based on the operational status parameters; calculating the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the candidate interconnection substation set; inputting the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index into an optimization model; optimizing the model under operational constraints with the goal of maximizing the overall benefits of substation interconnection; obtaining the target substation combination pairs and the capacity of the flexible interconnection devices; and generating a flexible interconnection device configuration scheme based on the target substation combination pairs and the capacity of each flexible interconnection device. This application can improve the accuracy of capacity configuration of flexible interconnection devices between low-voltage distribution substations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flexible interconnect devices, and more particularly to methods, systems, devices and media for configuring flexible interconnect devices for transformer substations. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new power systems, the penetration rate of new power sources such as distributed photovoltaics, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems in low-voltage distribution networks is constantly increasing. This is causing the traditional unidirectional radial power supply mode centered on distribution transformers to gradually transform into a complex operating mode with multiple sources and multiple loads. Against this backdrop, low-voltage distribution substations are prone to problems such as uneven load distribution, voltage exceeding limits, and line overload during actual operation, leading to insufficient local power supply capacity. To improve the coordinated regulation level of power supply capacity between substations without large-scale grid transformation, flexible interconnection devices have been introduced into low-voltage distribution networks. By establishing controllable power exchange channels between different substations, bidirectional flow and flexible allocation of electrical energy are achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to study the configuration methods of flexible interconnection devices for low-voltage distribution substations.

[0003] However, existing methods for configuring flexible interconnection devices lack accuracy in determining device capacity. They lack a quantitative analysis mechanism based on actual operating data of distribution areas and fail to comprehensively consider key factors such as load variation characteristics, voltage response relationships, and transferable power range between distribution areas. This results in device capacity configuration often relying on experience or simple rules, making it difficult to match actual supply and demand regulation needs. Furthermore, existing methods lack unified optimization modeling tools, making it impossible to coordinate and optimize the interconnection capacity between different distribution areas under the conditions of voltage constraints, equipment capacity limitations, and power flow balance. This easily leads to over- or under-configuration of device capacity, affecting the improvement of power supply capacity and investment economy, thus limiting the application effect of flexible interconnection devices in low-voltage distribution networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, system, device, and medium for configuring flexible interconnection devices for distribution substations, which can improve the accuracy of capacity configuration of flexible interconnection devices between low-voltage distribution substations.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for configuring a flexible interconnection device for a transformer substation, comprising: Obtain operational data from several low-voltage distribution transformer areas; Based on the aforementioned operating data, the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation are calculated. Based on the aforementioned operating status parameters, a set of candidate interconnected substations is selected from each low-voltage distribution substation. The load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the candidate interconnected substation set are calculated. The load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index are input into a preset flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model. With the optimization objective of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of substation interconnection, the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model is optimized and solved under preset operating constraints to obtain the target substation combination pairs that meet the optimization objective and the flexible interconnection device capacity between each target substation combination pair. A flexible interconnect device configuration scheme is generated based on the combination of each target transformer area and the capacity of each flexible interconnect device.

[0006] This invention, through acquiring operational data from several low-voltage distribution transformer areas, achieves a comprehensive understanding of basic information such as the topology, load level, and voltage status of each area. This provides a true and complete data foundation for subsequent capacity configuration, avoiding configuration deviations caused by insufficient data and improving the accuracy of capacity configuration for flexible interconnection devices. By selecting a set of candidate interconnection areas, the objects participating in interconnection optimization are limited to areas with power supply bottlenecks or regulation potential, reducing the interference of invalid combinations on the optimization process. This enhances the targeting and effectiveness of capacity configuration and improves the accuracy of capacity configuration for flexible interconnection devices. By calculating load complementarity indicators, voltage regulation capability indicators, and load transfer ratio indicators, the potential for power mutual assistance and voltage regulation response between transformer areas are assessed. Quantitative characterization of capacity and transferable power range transforms capacity allocation from experience-based judgment to multi-dimensional index-driven quantitative analysis, thereby improving the scientific nature of capacity allocation and enhancing the accuracy of flexible interconnection device capacity allocation. Optimizing the configuration optimization model under operational constraints achieves optimal capacity allocation under multi-objective coordination, avoiding over- or under-allocation of capacity, thus improving the rationality and accuracy of capacity allocation results and enhancing the accuracy of flexible interconnection device capacity allocation. Generating flexible interconnection device configuration schemes allows the configuration results to directly correspond to the optimal interconnection relationship and optimal capacity matching relationship, improving the overall matching degree and implementation effect of power allocation between distribution stations, and enhancing the accuracy of flexible interconnection device capacity allocation between low-voltage distribution stations.

[0007] Furthermore, the calculation of the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation based on the aforementioned operating data includes: The load time series data of each low-voltage distribution substation are processed to determine the active load value and maximum load value at each time point. Based on the active load value and the maximum load value, the maximum apparent power of each low-voltage distribution substation is calculated, and the load state parameters are determined based on the maximum apparent power. Based on the node voltage time series data of each low-voltage distribution transformer area, the node voltage amplitude at each moment is compared with the preset voltage upper and lower limits. Based on the first comparison result, it is determined whether the node voltage at each moment exceeds the limit, and the voltage limit judgment result is obtained. Based on the voltage limit judgment result, the voltage limit duration and voltage limit number of each low-voltage distribution transformer area within the preset time range are statistically analyzed, and the voltage state parameters are determined based on the voltage limit duration and voltage limit number of each voltage limit. Based on the topology parameters, line parameter data and load time series data of each low-voltage distribution substation, power flow calculation is performed on the lines of each low-voltage distribution substation to obtain the maximum load rate of each line within a preset time range, and power flow state parameters are determined based on the maximum load rate. The load status parameters, voltage status parameters, and power flow status parameters are summarized to obtain the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation. The operating data includes the load time series data, the node voltage time series data, the topology parameters, and the line parameter data.

[0008] This invention comprehensively calculates load state parameters, voltage state parameters, and power flow state parameters to fully quantify the types and severity of operational bottlenecks in each distribution substation, providing accurate and reliable basic data for subsequent assessment of substation interconnection potential and capacity configuration of flexible interconnection devices. This effectively improves the accuracy of capacity configuration of flexible interconnection devices between low-voltage distribution substations.

[0009] Furthermore, the step of selecting a set of candidate interconnected distribution areas from each low-voltage distribution area based on the aforementioned operating status parameters includes: The maximum apparent power of each is compared with the rated capacity of the transformer in the corresponding low-voltage distribution substation to obtain a second comparison result. It is then determined whether each of the second comparison results meets the first preset judgment condition. If it does, the transformer overload substation is identified. The voltage over-limit duration of each low-voltage distribution area is compared with the first preset threshold, and the voltage over-limit area is determined based on the third comparison results. The maximum load rate of the line corresponding to each low-voltage distribution area is compared with the second preset threshold to determine the power flow bottleneck area based on the results of each fourth comparison. The transformer overload area, the voltage over-limit area, and the power flow bottleneck area are merged to obtain a candidate interconnection area set.

[0010] This invention identifies transformer overload areas, voltage over-limit areas, and power flow bottleneck areas separately, and merges them into a candidate interconnection area set. This accurately locates areas with insufficient power supply capacity, avoiding the blind configuration of flexible interconnection devices in areas without bottlenecks. This effectively improves the accuracy of flexible interconnection device capacity configuration between low-voltage distribution areas.

[0011] Furthermore, the calculation of the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index for each pair of distribution area combinations in the candidate interconnected distribution area set includes: Extract the active load value and maximum load value of each low-voltage distribution substation in the candidate interconnected substation set at several times, calculate the first ratio between each active load value and each maximum load value to obtain the unitized load value of each low-voltage distribution substation at each time, calculate the absolute difference of the unitized load value of each substation combination pair, and take the average of each absolute difference to determine the load complementarity index of each substation combination pair. The substation combination pair is determined by arbitrarily combining any two low-voltage distribution substations in the candidate interconnected substation set. Based on the node voltage time series data and line parameter data of each low-voltage distribution substation in the candidate interconnected substation set, the node voltage change of each low-voltage distribution substation is calculated, and a second ratio between each node voltage change and a preset injected active power disturbance is calculated, so as to determine the voltage regulation capability index of each substation combination pair based on each second ratio. Based on the rated transformer capacity, maximum load value, and preset power factor of each low-voltage distribution substation in the candidate interconnected substation set, the available redundant power of each low-voltage distribution substation is calculated. The available redundant power is compared with the preset required transfer power of each low-voltage distribution substation to determine the minimum value. A third ratio between each minimum value and each maximum load value is calculated to determine the load transfer ratio index of each substation combination based on the third ratio.

[0012] This invention provides a scientific quantitative basis for optimizing the configuration of flexible interconnection devices by quantitatively calculating the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each distribution area combination pair. It comprehensively evaluates the interconnection potential from three dimensions: load shifting, voltage regulation efficiency, and power transfer feasibility, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of capacity configuration of flexible interconnection devices between low-voltage distribution areas.

[0013] Furthermore, before inputting the load complementarity index, the voltage regulation capability index, and the load transfer ratio index into the preset flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model, the method further includes: The load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index are weighted according to preset weighting coefficients to obtain the comprehensive score index of each transformer area combination pair. The comprehensive scoring indicators are sorted in descending order to obtain the interconnected substation combination sequence. Interconnected substation combinations that meet the second preset judgment condition are selected from the interconnected substation combination sequence to determine the target deployment substation set. The load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the target deployment substation set are input into the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model.

[0014] This invention employs a weighted calculation of comprehensive scores and a screening of high-potential interconnection zone combinations. This process eliminates candidate pairs with low interconnection efficiency or that are not feasible, reducing the search space and computational burden of the optimization model. This allows the optimization algorithm to focus on zone combinations that truly possess complementary potential, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of capacity configuration for flexible interconnection devices between low-voltage distribution zones.

[0015] Furthermore, with the goal of maximizing the overall benefits of interconnection between power distribution areas, the optimization model for the configuration of the flexible interconnection device is solved under preset operational constraints to obtain the target power distribution area combinations that satisfy the optimization goal and the capacity of the flexible interconnection devices between each target power distribution area combination, including: Encode each pair of distribution areas in the target deployment area set to map the device capacity of the flexible interconnection device between each pair of distribution areas into decision variable parameters, and generate corresponding device configuration individuals based on each decision variable parameter. Each of the aforementioned devices is configured as an initial population and input into a preset optimization algorithm. With the goal of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of interconnection between power distribution areas, the objective function value is calculated for each individual in the initial population to obtain the corresponding set of objective function values. According to the preset selection strategy, a set of parent individuals is selected from the set of objective function values, and adaptive crossover and mutation operations are performed on the set of parent individuals to obtain the offspring population. The offspring population is then subjected to constraint verification to remove individuals that do not meet the running constraints, thus obtaining a feasible population. The feasible population is used as a new generation population for several rounds of iterative optimization until the preset iteration termination condition is met. The individual with the optimal objective function value is selected as the optimal device configuration result. The target area combination pair and the capacity of the flexible interconnection device between each target area combination pair are determined based on the optimal device configuration result.

[0016] This invention generates an initial configuration scheme population through encoding, and combines objective function evaluation with adaptive genetic operations to automatically satisfy multiple operational constraints during the iterative optimization process, ultimately converging to the device capacity and deployment location with the best overall benefits. This avoids the subjectivity and blindness of manual experience-based configuration, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of capacity configuration for flexible interconnection devices between low-voltage distribution substations.

[0017] Furthermore, the operational constraints include: power flow balance constraints, node voltage constraints, device capacity constraints, single-area interconnection quantity constraints, and voltage over-limit constraints.

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention, by setting multiple operational constraints such as power flow balance, node voltage, device capacity, number of interconnections in a single area, and voltage over-limit, ensure that the flexible interconnection device configuration scheme obtained by optimization solution meets the power system safety boundary and equipment physical limitations in actual operation, thereby effectively improving the engineering feasibility and reliability of the configuration scheme.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a flexible interconnection device configuration system for transformer substations, comprising: an acquisition module, a calculation module, and a configuration module; The acquisition module is used to acquire the operating data of several low-voltage distribution radio areas; The calculation module is used to calculate the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation based on the operating data, select a set of candidate interconnected substations from each low-voltage distribution substation according to the operating status parameters, calculate the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the candidate interconnected substation set, and input the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index into a preset flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model. With the optimization objective of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of substation interconnection, the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model is optimized and solved under preset operating constraints to obtain the target substation combination pair that meets the optimization objective and the flexible interconnection device capacity between each target substation combination pair. The configuration module is used to generate a flexible interconnection device configuration scheme based on each target area combination and the capacity of each flexible interconnection device.

[0020] This invention, through the collaborative work of the acquisition module, calculation module, and configuration module, achieves fully automated configuration from data collection, bottleneck screening, potential assessment to optimization solution. It can output a scientific and reasonable deployment scheme for flexible interconnected devices without human intervention, thereby significantly improving configuration efficiency and decision-making accuracy.

[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a terminal device, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface communicate with each other through the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction that causes the processor to perform operations as described in this application for configuring a flexible interconnect device for a distribution area.

[0022] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device or system where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the flexible interconnection device configuration method for substation areas as described in this application.

[0023] Based on the above-described method embodiments, another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a communication device, implements the flexible interconnection device configuration method for substation areas according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present invention and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of the flexible interconnection device configuration method for transformer substations provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating steps S201 to S204 provided in this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating steps S301 to S303 provided in this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating steps S401 to S404 provided in this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a structural embodiment of the flexible interconnection device configuration method for substations provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0030] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] With the large-scale integration of new power sources such as distributed photovoltaics and electric vehicles, low-voltage distribution substations are prone to problems such as uneven load, voltage exceeding limits, and line overload, resulting in insufficient power supply capacity. However, existing flexible interconnection device configuration methods lack quantitative analysis and optimization modeling based on actual operating data, leading to poor accuracy in determining device capacity. This makes it difficult to coordinate power supply capacity with investment economy while meeting operational constraints, thus limiting the application effect of flexible interconnection devices.

[0035] See Figure 1 In order to improve the accuracy of capacity configuration of flexible interconnection devices between low-voltage distribution substations, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flexible interconnection device configuration method for substations, including steps S101 to S103. Step S101: Obtain the operating data of several low-voltage distribution transformer areas; In some embodiments, operational data is used to characterize the electrical operating characteristics of each low-voltage distribution substation under typical operating conditions and serves as the basic input data for subsequent substation selection and interconnection optimization. Specifically, topology parameters, transformer capacity parameters, load time series data, node voltage time series data, and line parameter data of each low-voltage distribution substation within the region are acquired. The topology parameters characterize the electrical connection relationships between nodes and the interconnection line structure within each low-voltage distribution substation; the transformer capacity parameters characterize the rated capacity of the corresponding distribution transformer in each low-voltage distribution substation. The unit is kVA; the load time series data is used to characterize the active power load changes of each low-voltage distribution substation within a preset time range T. The unit is kW; the node voltage time series data is used to characterize the voltage amplitude of key nodes in each low-voltage distribution substation within the same time range. The unit is pu or V; the line parameter data is used to characterize the impedance parameters and rated transmission capacity of feeders and interconnecting lines within the transformer area. This data is used for subsequent power flow calculation and analysis. Key nodes are user access nodes in low-voltage distribution substations that are sensitive to load changes, have large voltage fluctuations at the end, or are located at the end of the power supply path. Load time series data and node voltage time series data are sourced from distribution automation systems, smart meter acquisition systems, or substation monitoring terminals, and are aligned according to a unified time step to form a standardized operating data sequence corresponding to a preset time range T. This ensures the consistency and comparability of subsequent operating status parameter calculations. Before entering subsequent steps, the operating data undergoes data cleaning and anomaly correction, including interpolation to complete missing data and sliding window smoothing for obviously abnormal sampling points, to improve the accuracy of subsequent load status analysis, voltage limit determination, and power flow calculation.

[0036] Through the above steps, comprehensive collection and standardized preprocessing of operating data from each low-voltage distribution transformer area were achieved, ensuring time alignment and data quality of key parameters such as load, voltage, and topology. This provides accurate, reliable, and consistent basic data support for subsequent transformer area bottleneck identification, potential assessment, and optimized configuration.

[0037] Step S102: Calculate the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation based on the operating data. Select a set of candidate interconnected substations from each low-voltage distribution substation according to the operating status parameters. Calculate the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the candidate interconnected substation set. Input the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index into a preset flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model. With the optimization objective of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of substation interconnection, optimize and solve the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model under preset operating constraints to obtain the target substation combination pairs that meet the optimization objective and the flexible interconnection device capacity between each target substation combination pair. Please refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the step of calculating the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation based on the operating data includes: steps S201 to S204; Step S201: Process the load time series data of each low-voltage distribution substation to determine the active load value and maximum load value at each time point, and calculate the maximum apparent power of each low-voltage distribution substation based on the active load value and the maximum load value, so as to determine the load state parameters based on the maximum apparent power. In some embodiments, the load time series data originates from a distribution automation system or an electricity consumption information acquisition system. The total active load of each transformer area is sampled at preset time intervals (e.g., 5 minutes or 15 minutes) to form typical daily load curve data. The acquired load time series data undergoes data preprocessing, including: completing missing sampling points using linear interpolation and smoothing abnormal data using a sliding window mean filtering method, thereby obtaining a continuous and stable load data sequence. The active load values ​​for each time moment are then extracted from the processed load data sequence. It then iterates through the active load values ​​at each moment within a preset time range (e.g., 24 hours) to determine the maximum active load value. Combined with the power factor of the transformer area (This can be obtained through historical operational data statistics or by taking a typical value of 0.9) 0.95), based on the apparent power calculation relationship: Calculate the maximum apparent power of each low-voltage distribution substation. Output this maximum apparent power as a load state parameter characterizing the load-bearing capacity and operating pressure of the substation, which will be used for subsequent transformer overload identification and interconnection assessment.

[0038] Step S202: Based on the node voltage time series data of each low-voltage distribution transformer area, the node voltage amplitude at each moment is compared with the preset voltage upper and lower limits. Based on the first comparison result, it is determined whether the node voltage at each moment exceeds the limit, and the voltage limit exceedance determination result is obtained. Based on the voltage limit exceedance determination result, the voltage limit exceedance duration and voltage limit exceedance number of each low-voltage distribution transformer area within the preset time range are statistically analyzed, and the voltage state parameters are determined based on the voltage limit exceedance duration and voltage limit exceedance number of each voltage limit exceedance. In some embodiments, the node voltage time series data originates from online monitoring devices at key nodes in the distribution area. Key nodes include feeder end nodes, voltage-sensitive user access points, and nodes with significant load fluctuations. The data includes the node voltage amplitude at each time point. With preset lower voltage limit (e.g., 0.93 pu) and voltage limit (e.g., 1.07 pu) Perform point-by-point comparison: If or If a voltage exceeds the limit at a given moment, it is determined that a voltage over-limit has occurred; otherwise, the voltage is considered normal. Based on the above comparison process, a voltage over-limit determination identifier sequence is generated for each moment. Statistical analysis is performed on the voltage over-limit determination identifier sequence: the time periods of consecutive over-limit states are accumulated to calculate the total duration of voltage over-limit; the number of times a state changes from normal to over-limit is counted to obtain the number of voltage over-limit occurrences. The total duration and number of over-limit occurrences are output as voltage status parameters reflecting the voltage operation quality of the transformer area, and are used for subsequent screening of transformer areas with voltage over-limit and the construction of optimization targets.

[0039] Step S203: Based on the topology parameters, line parameter data and load time series data of each low-voltage distribution substation, perform power flow calculation on the lines of each low-voltage distribution substation to obtain the maximum load rate of each line within a preset time range, and determine the power flow state parameters based on the maximum load rate. In some embodiments, topology parameters include the connection relationships between nodes within the distribution area and the line connection methods, while line parameter data includes line resistance, reactance, and rated transmission capacity. A network topology model of the low-voltage distribution area is constructed based on the topology parameters, and a node admittance matrix is ​​established based on the line parameter data. Load data at each time point is used as the node injected power, and power flow calculation methods (such as forward backward substitution or the Newton-Raphson method) are employed to calculate the actual transmission power of each line at each time point. Furthermore, the actual transmission power of each line at each moment is compared with the rated capacity of the corresponding line. By performing ratio calculations, the load rate of each line at each time point can be obtained: Within a preset time range, the load rate at each moment is iterated to determine the maximum load rate of each line. The maximum load rate of all lines within each transformer substation is summarized, and the maximum value is selected as the power flow status parameter of that substation, which is used to characterize whether there is line overload or power flow bottleneck in that substation.

[0040] Step S204: Summarize the load status parameters, voltage status parameters, and power flow status parameters to obtain the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation. The operating data includes the load time series data, the node voltage time series data, the topology parameters, and the line parameter data.

[0041] In some embodiments, the load status parameters (maximum apparent power), voltage status parameters (duration and number of overruns), and power flow status parameters (maximum load rate) of each low-voltage distribution transformer area are uniformly organized, and corresponding data mapping relationships are established according to the transformer area number. To eliminate the impact of differences in the dimensions of different parameters on subsequent analysis, the above-mentioned status parameters are normalized, for example, by using the extreme value normalization method to map each parameter to the [0,1] interval. The normalized load status parameters, voltage status parameters, and power flow status parameters are concatenated in a preset order to form a multi-dimensional feature vector, which is used to comprehensively characterize the operating status of each transformer area. This multi-dimensional feature vector is used as the operating status parameter output for each low-voltage distribution transformer area, providing a data foundation for subsequent identification of power supply bottleneck transformer areas and optimization of flexible interconnection device configuration.

[0042] In some embodiments, the step of selecting a candidate interconnection zone set from each low-voltage distribution substation based on each of the operating state parameters includes: comparing each of the maximum apparent power with the rated capacity of the transformer in the corresponding low-voltage distribution substation to obtain a second comparison result; determining whether each of the second comparison results meets a first preset judgment condition; if it does, identifying a transformer overloaded substation; comparing the voltage over-limit duration of each low-voltage distribution substation with a first preset threshold to determine a voltage over-limit substation based on each third comparison result; comparing the maximum load rate of the line corresponding to each low-voltage distribution substation with a second preset threshold to determine a power flow bottleneck substation based on each fourth comparison result; and merging the transformer overloaded substation, the voltage over-limit substation, and the power flow bottleneck substation to obtain a candidate interconnection zone set.

[0043] In some embodiments, the maximum apparent power of each transformer is compared with the rated capacity of the corresponding low-voltage distribution substation to obtain a second comparison result. It is then determined whether each of the second comparison results meets a first preset judgment condition. If it does, a transformer overload substation is identified. Specifically, for the first... A low-voltage distribution substation area, within a typical daily time range Within, obtain its active load. and reactive load The apparent power at each moment is calculated based on active and reactive loads: ,in, For the first Each station area at any time Apparent power, in kVA; for apparent power By iterating through the data and finding the maximum value, we can obtain the maximum apparent power. ,in, For the first The maximum apparent power of each substation area during a typical day; obtain the first The rated capacity of the transformer corresponding to each distribution area And set the overload factor (Usually taken as 0.8), construct the first preset judgment condition: ; Maximum apparent power and The comparison is performed to obtain a second comparison result; when the second comparison result meets the first preset judgment condition, the first... Each low-voltage distribution station area is a transformer overload area.

[0044] In some embodiments, the voltage over-limit duration of each low-voltage distribution substation is compared with a first preset threshold to determine the voltage over-limit substation based on each third comparison result. Specifically, for the third... For each low-voltage distribution substation area, obtain the voltage time series of its key nodes within a typical day. ,in, For the first Key nodes in each transformer area at any time The voltage per-unit value; the upper and lower limits of the voltage operation are set as follows: and Construct a voltage over-limit detection function: ; in, Indicates the first Each station area at any time Whether a voltage over-limit has occurred; the determination result Accumulate the values ​​over the time range to obtain the voltage over-limit duration: ; in, For the first Total duration of voltage over-limit in a typical day for each transformer substation. The sampling time interval is set; a threshold for the duration of voltage exceeding the limit is set. The duration of voltage exceeding the limit The result is compared with this threshold to obtain a third comparison result; when At that time, determine the corresponding first One low-voltage distribution station area is a voltage over-limit station area.

[0045] In some embodiments, the maximum load rate of the lines corresponding to each low-voltage distribution substation is compared with a second preset threshold to determine the power flow bottleneck substation based on each fourth comparison result. Specifically, based on the topology parameters, line parameter data, and load time series data of each low-voltage distribution substation, a power flow calculation model of the distribution network is established, and power flow calculations are performed at each time point to obtain the power flow bottleneck of each line at each time point. Transmission power Obtain the rated transmission capacity of the line. Calculate the load rate of each line at each time point: ,in, For the first The line at the time The load rate; by iterating through the load rates and finding the maximum value, we get: ,in, For the first The maximum load rate of the line during a typical day; setting the safe load rate threshold for the line. (Typically 0.8) will be the maximum load factor. The result is compared with this threshold to obtain the fourth comparison result; when any line satisfies... At that time, the low-voltage distribution area to which the line belongs was determined to be the power flow bottleneck area.

[0046] In some embodiments, the transformer overload area, the voltage over-limit area, and the power flow bottleneck area are merged to obtain a candidate interconnection area set. Specifically, the transformer overload area set obtained from the determination is denoted as... The set of voltage over-limit transformer areas is denoted as The bottleneck of the trend is recorded as Perform a union operation on three sets: ,in, Set up a candidate interconnection zone; set up the candidate interconnection zone This serves as the input for subsequent assessment of the potential for interconnection between different transformer substations and optimization of the configuration of flexible interconnection devices.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the calculation of the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index and load transfer ratio index of each pair of distribution area combinations in the candidate interconnected distribution area set includes: steps S301 to S303. Step S301: Extract the active load value and maximum load value of each low-voltage distribution substation in the candidate interconnected substation set at several times, calculate the first ratio between each active load value and each maximum load value to obtain the unitized load value of each low-voltage distribution substation at each time, calculate the absolute difference of the unitized load value of each substation combination pair, and take the average of each absolute difference to determine the load complementarity index of each substation combination pair. The substation combination pair is determined by arbitrarily combining any two low-voltage distribution substations in the candidate interconnected substation set. In some embodiments, for the first A low-voltage distribution station area, in a typical daily time series Internally obtain its active load The maximum load value is obtained by iterating through the active loads and finding the maximum value. ,in, For the first Each station area at any time Active load, in kW Its typical daily maximum load; calculate the unitized load value based on the active load value and the maximum load value: ,in, For the first Each station area at any time The unitized load value; for any two different distribution areas in the candidate interconnection area set. and Forming a combination of platforms And calculate its normalized load difference at each time point: The load complementarity index is obtained by averaging the unitized load differences over the time series. ,in, Indicates the combination of Taiwan regions The load complementarity index.

[0048] Step S302: Based on the node voltage time series data and line parameter data of each low-voltage distribution substation in the candidate interconnected substation set, calculate the node voltage change of each low-voltage distribution substation, and calculate the second ratio between each node voltage change and the preset injected active power disturbance, so as to determine the voltage regulation capability index of each substation combination pair based on each second ratio. In some embodiments, based on the topology parameters and line parameter data (including line impedance) of each low-voltage distribution substation area. Reactance (etc.), establish a power flow calculation model for the distribution network; for any combination of transformer substations... Set from the station area Xiangtai District Inject a preset active power disturbance. ,in, This represents the change in active power transmitted between two transformer areas by the flexible interconnection device, expressed in kW. Power flow calculations are performed before and after the injection of this disturbance to obtain the transformer area data. Voltage values ​​at critical nodes before and after the disturbance and And calculate the node voltage change: ,in, Taiwan District At any moment The voltage response change, in units of V; the sensitivity of node voltage to power changes is calculated based on the node voltage change and active power disturbance: The absolute value of this sensitivity is taken, and the average or a representative value is selected over a time range to obtain the voltage regulation capability index: ,in, Indicates the combination of Taiwan regions The voltage regulation capability index.

[0049] Step S303: Based on the rated capacity of the transformers, the maximum load value, and the preset power factor of each low-voltage distribution substation in the candidate interconnected substation set, calculate the available redundant power of each low-voltage distribution substation, compare the available redundant power with the preset required transfer power of each low-voltage distribution substation, determine the minimum value, and calculate the third ratio between each minimum value and each maximum load value, so as to determine the load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair based on each third ratio.

[0050] In some embodiments, for the first For each transformer substation area, obtain its rated transformer capacity. And set the power factor. Calculate available redundant power based on the maximum load value: ,in, For the first The maximum redundant power that each transformer station can supply to the outside; for the first For each distribution area, the required transfer power is determined based on its power supply bottleneck type. When the first When each transformer substation is a heavily loaded substation: When the first When a transformer area is a voltage over-limit transformer area: ,in, For critical node voltage, For the sensitivity of voltage to active power; when the first When a transformer area is a bottleneck transformer area: If the first If a distribution area has multiple bottlenecks, the maximum value among the required transfer power for each type will be taken as the final value. The transferable power is determined based on the available redundant power and the required transfer power. The transferable power is then compared with the distribution area. The load transfer ratio is calculated by comparing the maximum load values: ,in, Indicates from the Taiwan area Xiangtai District The load transfer ratio is an indicator.

[0051] In some embodiments, before inputting the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index into a preset flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model, the method further includes: weighting each of the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index according to a preset weighting coefficient to obtain a comprehensive score index for each transformer substation combination pair; sorting each of the comprehensive score in descending order to obtain an interconnection transformer substation combination sequence; selecting interconnection transformer substation combinations that meet a second preset judgment condition from the interconnection transformer substation combination sequence to determine a target deployment transformer substation set, so as to input the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each transformer substation combination pair in the target deployment transformer substation set into the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model.

[0052] In some embodiments, the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index are weighted according to preset weighting coefficients to obtain a comprehensive score index for each transformer substation pair. Specifically, this involves weighting any two low-voltage distribution substations in the candidate interconnected substation set. and The combination of the transformer stations Obtain its corresponding load complementarity index Voltage regulation capability index and load transfer ratio indicators Set weighting coefficients , and ,in Furthermore, each weighting coefficient is pre-set according to different evaluation focuses; a comprehensive score index is calculated based on the three indicators and their weighting coefficients. ,in, Indicates the combination of the two platforms. The comprehensive scoring index for interconnection potential is calculated by performing the above calculations on all pairs of station combinations in the candidate interconnection station set to obtain the corresponding comprehensive scoring index set.

[0053] In some embodiments, the comprehensive scoring indicators are sorted in descending order to obtain an interconnected substation combination sequence. Interconnected substation combinations that meet a second preset judgment condition are selected from the interconnected substation combination sequence to determine a target deployment substation set. The load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the target deployment substation set are then input into the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model. Specifically, this involves inputting each score value from the comprehensive scoring indicator set... A mapping relationship is established between the corresponding station area combinations, and the combinations are sorted from largest to smallest according to their score values ​​to obtain the interconnected station area combination sequence. ; Set a second preset judgment condition, which includes at least one of the following: (1) The comprehensive scoring index is greater than the preset scoring threshold. (2) The ranking of the comprehensive scoring index is within the preset proportion range; Based on the second preset judgment condition, the interconnected station combination sequence is screened, and the station combination pairs that meet the judgment condition are selected to obtain the target deployment station set. ; Deploy the target area in clusters The load complementarity index of each transformer substation combination is as follows Voltage regulation capability index and load transfer ratio indicators The data is processed and passed as input parameters to the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model for subsequent optimization of device capacity and deployment location.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the optimization objective is to maximize the overall benefits of the interconnection of the transformer substations. Under preset operating constraints, the optimization model for the configuration of the flexible interconnection device is optimized and solved to obtain the target transformer substation combination pairs that meet the optimization objective and the capacity of the flexible interconnection device between each target transformer substation combination pair. This includes steps S401 to S404. Step S401: Encode each pair of distribution area combinations in the target deployment area set to map the device capacity of the flexible interconnection device between each pair of distribution area combinations into decision variable parameters, and generate corresponding device configuration individuals based on each decision variable parameter. In some embodiments, the target deployment area set is denoted as This set contains M candidate transformer substations obtained through bottleneck screening. All possible combinations of substations in this set are considered. (in ) are uniformly numbered, and the total number of combinations is For each combination pair Define a binary decision variable for whether to deploy a flexible interconnected device. and continuous decision variables for device capacity ,in The maximum allowable capacity of the device is preset based on transformer capacity rating or engineering experience (e.g., the minimum rated capacity of each participating transformer area). A hybrid coding strategy is used during coding: [The code is then used to specify the maximum capacity of the device, which is not explicitly stated in the original text]. Encoded as binary gene bits, Encoded as real-number gene loci. A complete device configuration individual consists of a length of... The gene string indicates that the previous The bits correspond to the various combinations of binary bits. ,back The digit is a real number and corresponds to each digit. For example, if the binary bit of the k-th pair of individuals is 1 and the real number is 500, it represents the deployment of a 500kVA flexible interconnect device between that pair; if the binary bit is 0, the real number is ignored (or forced to zero). When initializing the population, P individuals are randomly generated (P is usually 50). 200). For binary bits, assign a value of 1 according to a preset deployment probability (e.g., 0.3), otherwise assign a value of 0; for real bits, if the corresponding binary bit is 1, then in Uniformly randomized values ​​are selected within the interval; if the corresponding binary bit is 0, the real number is set to 0. This generates the initial set of device configuration individuals.

[0055] Step S402: Each device configuration individual is input into a preset optimization algorithm as an initial population. With the goal of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of interconnection between power distribution areas, the objective function value is calculated for each individual in the initial population to obtain the corresponding set of objective function values. In some embodiments, the preset optimization algorithm is a genetic algorithm. Maximizing the overall benefits of the interconnection of distribution substations corresponds to the following objective function: ; in, It is a 0-1 variable, indicating whether to deploy a flexible interconnection device between transformer area i and transformer area j; This is an indicator of load complementarity between transformer substations i and j; The load transfer ratio from transformer area i to transformer area j is the indicator. This represents the total number of voltage over-limit occurrences in transformer area i within a typical day. For capacity The investment cost function of flexible interconnect devices; , These are weighting coefficients used to balance voltage and cost penalties. For each individual in the population (i.e., a group of individuals)... and (assignment), perform the following steps to calculate its objective function value: (1) Analyze individual genes: obtain all platform combination pairs and Effective value; (2) Call the power flow calculation module: Based on the typical daily load curve (a total of T time sections, for example T=96, one section every 15 minutes), perform three-phase unbalanced power flow calculation for each time section to obtain the voltage of key nodes in each transformer area. And the power flow of each line. Power flow calculations require embedding a flexible interconnection device model: for already deployed combined pairs... Under DC-side coupling constraints, the active power flowing from transformer area i to transformer area j As a controllable variable, its absolute value does not exceed And it satisfies the power balance constraint: ,in, Let i be the set of transformer substations adjacent to substation i. (2) Calculate the active power of the load in transformer area i at time t; (3) Calculate the frequency of voltage over-limit. For each transformer substation i, count the total number of times the voltage exceeds the allowable range across all T cross-sections. The lower allowable voltage limit is set to... The upper limit is taken The specific calculation formula is as follows: ,in, Voltage compliance indication function: (4) Investment cost of computing device: The investment cost function adopts a nonlinear model that considers the scale effect: ,in, Cost coefficient (e.g., 1000) 3000 yuan / kVA), The economies of scale index (0.6) b 0.8 (reflecting economies of scale) For fixed costs (such as control systems, installation and commissioning, etc., for example, 20,000) (50,000 yuan). The summation over all deployed devices yields... (5) Calculate the load complementarity and transfer ratio combination term: for each deployment combination pair Take out the pre-calculated and Calculate the product and then sum. (6) Combine to obtain the objective function value: Combine the above three items according to their weights. (For example =0.2, =0.3) Weighted summation is performed to obtain the comprehensive benefit value of this individual. The larger the value, the higher the comprehensive benefit of the interconnection of the transformer substations under this configuration scheme. The objective function value set is obtained by calculating it for each individual in the population. .

[0056] Step S403: Select a set of parent individuals from the set of objective function values ​​according to a preset selection strategy, and perform adaptive crossover and mutation operations on the set of parent individuals to obtain a child population. Perform constraint verification on the child population to remove individuals that do not meet the running constraints to obtain a feasible population. In some embodiments, the preset selection strategy employs a combination of roulette wheel selection and elite retention. Specifically: individuals are first sorted in descending order according to their objective function values, and the top performers are retained. One outstanding individual ( Typically, 5% of the population size is taken. 10% of individuals directly enter the next generation without participating in crossover or mutation, ensuring that the optimal solution is not lost. The remaining individuals are selected according to their probability. Play roulette and choose the option. Each parent individual, together with the elite individuals, constitutes the parent population. The selected parent individuals are then processed according to crossover probability. Two-point crossover is performed. To improve convergence efficiency, an adaptive crossover probability is used: ; in, The maximum objective function value for the current population. The average objective function value, The larger objective function value among the two individuals participating in the crossover. , Take 0.6 0.9. During crossover, the binary and real number parts are performed independently: the binary segment uses standard two-point crossover, and the real number segment uses arithmetic crossover (child real number...). Parent generation 1 real number Parent generation 2 real numbers , (Random numbers in the range [0,1]). Individuals after crossover are processed according to their mutation probability. Perform bit mutation. Binary bit mutation uses flipping (0 becomes 1, 1 becomes 0); real number bit mutation uses Gaussian perturbation: new value Original value The standard deviation And if the mutated value exceeds [0, Then it is truncated to the boundary. The mutation probability also adopts an adaptive form: ; in, , Take 0.01 0.1. For all offspring individuals generated through crossover and mutation, verify the following operational constraints one by one: (1) Power flow balance constraint: check whether the power flow calculation results converge. If they do not converge, they are directly eliminated; (2) Nodal voltage constraint: if the voltage of any generator area is lower than that of any cross section, the following constraints are applied: or higher And the excess exceeds the permissible short-term tolerance value (e.g., amplitude). (3) Device capacity limit: Check the absolute value of the actual transmission power of the flexible interconnect device in each time period. Does it exceed the configured device capacity? If the time limit is exceeded at any moment, the individual is invalid; (4) Limit on the number of interconnections per station area: count the number of times each station area participates in interconnection. If the preset maximum number of interconnections is exceeded (Usually 2 or 3) If an individual does not meet the constraints, it is eliminated. After eliminating individuals that do not meet the constraints, if the population size is less than P, it is randomly copied from the previous generation of elite individuals to supplement the population and ensure population stability. Finally, a feasible population that meets all operational constraints is obtained.

[0057] Step S404: The feasible population is used as a new generation population for several rounds of iterative optimization until the preset iteration termination condition is met. The individual with the optimal objective function value is selected as the optimal device configuration result. The target area combination pair and the capacity of the flexible interconnection device between each target area combination pair are determined based on the optimal device configuration result.

[0058] In some embodiments, the feasible population generated in step S403 is used as a new generation population, and steps S402 and S403 are repeated for generational evolution. The preset iteration termination condition includes any one of the following: Maximum number of iterations: reaching a preset maximum number of evolutionary generations. Usually 100 is taken 500 generations; objective function value convergence: continuous The relative rate of change of the optimal objective function value of the population over generations (e.g., 20 generations) is less than a threshold. (e.g., 1e-4); Population diversity index: When the genotypic diversity of the population is below a preset lower limit (i.e., all individuals have identical binary codes, and the real-number standard deviation is less than 1% of the capacity range), it is considered that there is no room for improvement. At the end of each generation, the objective function value of the current best individual and its corresponding binary and real-number codes are recorded. When the termination condition is met, the individual with the largest objective function value is selected from the last generation of the population as the optimal device configuration result. Decoding the best individual: Extracting all combination pairs of ,like The corresponding transformer area combination is the target transformer area combination pair; the real number encoding of this combination. This refers to the capacity (in kVA) of the flexible interconnection device that should be configured between the two transformer substations. If the value is less than a certain lower limit for engineering (e.g., 50kVA), it can be discarded (i.e., let...). This is to avoid ineffective investment due to excessively small capacity. The final output is: Where K represents the actual number of devices deployed. This result can be directly used to guide project implementation, including device selection, installation location determination, and expected benefit assessment.

[0059] In some embodiments, the operating constraints include: power flow balance constraints, node voltage constraints, device capacity constraints, single-area interconnection quantity constraints, and voltage over-limit constraints, specifically: (1) Power flow balance constraints: At any time t, for any area i, its node injected power must be balanced with the load power of that area. Considering the power injection of flexible interconnection devices, the power balance relationship is expressed as: ,in, This represents the set of adjacent transformer substations that are directly connected to transformer substation i via a flexible interconnect device. Let t be the active power of the line flowing from transformer area i to transformer area j (excluding flexible interconnection device channels). A positive value indicates that the power flows out of transformer area i, and a negative value indicates that the power flows in. Let t be the active power flowing from transformer area i to transformer area j through the flexible interconnection device. This variable can be continuously adjusted between the combined pairs of deployed devices, and its absolute value is limited by the device capacity. The active power of the load in transformer area i at time t is given by a typical daily load curve. This constraint ensures that the active power supply and demand of each transformer area are balanced at any time, which is the basic physical premise for the flexible interconnection device to participate in power dispatch. (2) Node voltage constraint: At any time t, for the critical low-voltage node of each transformer area i (e.g., the user access point that is most sensitive to power changes or is located at the end of the line), its voltage amplitude The voltage must be maintained within the specified operating range. The upper and lower limits for safe voltage operation are set as follows: , usually take (per unit value) If the voltage is below 0.93 pu, it is judged as a low voltage over-limit; if it is above 1.07 pu, it is judged as a high voltage over-limit. This constraint is used to ensure the power quality of users and avoid voltage instability in other distribution areas due to power transfer of flexible interconnection devices. (3) Device capacity constraint: For any pair of distribution area combinations with deployed flexible interconnection devices. At any given time t, the absolute value of the active power transmitted through the device must not exceed the configured device capacity. Let the device capacity be... (Unit is kVA), then the constraint expression is: ,in, The positive direction is defined as the flow from transformer area i to transformer area j. This constraint reflects the physical limits of power electronic converter equipment. Exceeding the capacity may cause the equipment to overheat, the protection to activate, or be damaged. Therefore, it must be strictly followed in the optimization configuration and operation. (4) Single transformer area interconnection quantity constraint: In order to prevent a transformer area from being connected to multiple transformer areas through too many flexible interconnection devices, which would lead to an excessive increase in control complexity and equipment investment, and at the same time to avoid a transformer area becoming a power exchange hub and generating excessive power flow pressure, the maximum number of interconnections allowed for each transformer area is limited. The constraint expression is: In the formula, For 0-1 decision variables, This indicates that a flexible interconnect device has been deployed between transformer areas i and j (note this). When summing different combinations of the same transformer area, each combination is counted only once, and this is usually agreed upon. To avoid double counting); The maximum number of interconnected devices allowed for each transformer area is typically set to 2 or 3 based on engineering experience. This constraint ensures that the number of flexible interconnected devices connected to each transformer area does not exceed a reasonable amount, which helps simplify the operation control logic and reduce the risk of fault propagation. (5) Voltage over-limit constraint (in the form of a penalty): A soft constraint is adopted, and the optimization result is guided by the penalty term in the objective function to avoid voltage over-limit. Frequency of voltage over-limit The calculation method is as follows: Define the voltage compliance indication function for transformer area i at time t: The total number of times voltage exceedances occurred in transformer area i across all T time segments on a typical day (e.g., T=96, corresponding to one segment every 15 minutes) is calculated as follows: The final penalty for voltage exceeding the limit in this transformer area is: ,in The preset weighting coefficient is used (e.g., 0.2). By incorporating the frequency of voltage exceedances into the objective function as a penalty term, the optimization algorithm will actively reduce the number of exceedances when searching for the optimal configuration, thereby maximizing the voltage compliance rate while satisfying economic efficiency and power supply capacity.

[0060] Through the above steps, the entire process of configuration, from data acquisition, bottleneck identification, potential assessment to optimization solution, is fully automated. It integrates multi-dimensional indicators such as load complementarity, voltage regulation capability and load transfer ratio, and iterates for optimization under multiple operational constraints. This scientifically and efficiently determines the optimal deployment location and capacity of the flexible interconnection device, improving the accuracy and engineering feasibility of capacity configuration in low-voltage distribution substations.

[0061] Step S103: Generate a flexible interconnection device configuration scheme based on each target area combination and the capacity of each flexible interconnection device.

[0062] In some embodiments, the flexible interconnection device configuration scheme is used to determine the actual deployment location and corresponding capacity configuration of the flexible interconnection devices between target transformer area pairs, and to guide engineering implementation and operation control. Specifically, based on the optimal device configuration result obtained in step S404, the optimal device configuration result includes a set of transformer area pairs that satisfy the optimal conditions of the objective function. and the corresponding capacity of flexible interconnect devices. Among them, for each unit area combination pair :when At that time, it was determined that a flexible interconnection device should be installed between transformer area i and transformer area j; when This indicates that no flexible interconnection devices will be deployed between the combined units in this area. (Based on the capacity of the flexible interconnection devices.) The rated capacity level of the flexible interconnection device is determined and mapped to a standard equipment capacity level to facilitate engineering selection and equipment procurement. For example, the capacity values ​​obtained through continuous optimization are rounded or rounded up according to a preset capacity sequence (such as 100kVA, 200kVA, 400kVA, etc.). Based on the topology connection relationship of the target transformer area combination, the installation location of the flexible interconnection device is determined to be the low-voltage side connection point or common feeder node between transformer area i and transformer area j. This connection point is the electrical connection location that meets the power exchange requirements of the two transformer areas and has the lowest line impedance. The consistency of the generated flexible interconnection device configuration scheme is checked, including verifying whether the device capacity of each transformer area combination meets the device capacity constraints in step S402. Verify whether the number of interconnections in each distribution area meets the single-area interconnection limit. The overall scheme is checked to ensure it meets power flow balance and node voltage constraints. If any configuration fails to meet the constraints, the capacity of the corresponding transformer area combination pair is adjusted back or removed, and the constraints are re-checked until all transformer area combinations meet the operational constraints. The final output flexible interconnection device configuration scheme includes: each target transformer area combination pair. The deployment location and rated capacity of the corresponding flexible interconnection device. And an interconnection diagram between each transformer substation, used to create an feasible engineering deployment map.

[0063] Through the above steps, the configuration scheme of flexible interconnection devices is accurately generated and engineered, ensuring a reasonable match between deployment location and capacity. The feasibility and security of the scheme are guaranteed through multiple constraint verifications, providing a deployment basis that can be directly applied for actual engineering implementation.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, based on the above method embodiments, corresponding apparatus embodiments are provided; An embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic diagram of a flexible interconnection device configuration system for a transformer substation, comprising: an acquisition module 100, a calculation module 200, and a configuration module 300; The acquisition module 100 is used to acquire the operating data of several low-voltage distribution radio areas; The calculation module 200 is used to calculate the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation based on the operating data, select a set of candidate interconnected substations from each low-voltage distribution substation according to the operating status parameters, calculate the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the candidate interconnected substation set, and input the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index into a preset flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model. With the optimization objective of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of substation interconnection, the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model is optimized and solved under preset operating constraints to obtain the target substation combination pair that meets the optimization objective and the flexible interconnection device capacity between each target substation combination pair. The configuration module 300 is used to generate a flexible interconnection device configuration scheme based on each target area combination and the capacity of each flexible interconnection device.

[0065] It is understood that the above-described device embodiments correspond to the method embodiments of the present invention, and can implement the flexible interconnection device configuration method for substation areas provided by any of the above-described method embodiments of the present invention. More detailed workflows and principles of this system can be found, but are not limited to, in the relevant descriptions of the above methods.

[0066] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings of the device embodiments provided by this invention, the connection relationships between modules indicate that they have communication connections, which can specifically be implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0067] Based on the above-described embodiments of the flexible interconnection device configuration method for transformer substations, another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the flexible interconnection device configuration method for transformer substations according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] For example, in this embodiment, the computer program can be divided into one or more modules, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to complete the present invention. The one or more modules may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program in the terminal device.

[0069] The terminal device may be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory.

[0070] The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the terminal device, connecting all parts of the terminal device via various interfaces and lines.

[0071] Based on the above-described method embodiments, another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the flexible interconnection device configuration method for substation areas described in any of the above-described method embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] The modules / units integrated in the device / terminal equipment, if implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the above embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc.

[0073] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for configuring a flexible interconnection device for a station area, characterized in that, include: Obtain operational data from several low-voltage distribution transformer areas; Based on the aforementioned operating data, the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation are calculated. Based on the aforementioned operating status parameters, a set of candidate interconnected substations is selected from each low-voltage distribution substation. The load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the candidate interconnected substation set are calculated. The load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index are input into a preset flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model. With the optimization objective of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of substation interconnection, the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model is optimized and solved under preset operating constraints to obtain the target substation combination pairs that meet the optimization objective and the flexible interconnection device capacity between each target substation combination pair. Based on the target transformer area combination and the capacity of each flexible interconnect device, a flexible interconnect device configuration scheme is generated.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: receiving a request for a list of available devices from the headend; and transmitting the list of available devices to the headend. The calculation of the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation based on the aforementioned operating data includes: The load time series data of each low-voltage distribution substation are processed to determine the active load value and maximum load value at each time point. Based on the active load value and the maximum load value, the maximum apparent power of each low-voltage distribution substation is calculated, and the load state parameters are determined based on the maximum apparent power. Based on the node voltage time series data of each low-voltage distribution transformer area, the node voltage amplitude at each moment is compared with the preset voltage upper and lower limits. Based on the first comparison result, it is determined whether the node voltage at each moment exceeds the limit, and the voltage limit judgment result is obtained. Based on the voltage limit judgment result, the voltage limit duration and voltage limit number of each low-voltage distribution transformer area within the preset time range are statistically analyzed, and the voltage state parameters are determined based on the voltage limit duration and voltage limit number of each voltage limit. Based on the topology parameters, line parameter data and load time series data of each low-voltage distribution substation, power flow calculation is performed on the lines of each low-voltage distribution substation to obtain the maximum load rate of each line within a preset time range, and power flow state parameters are determined based on the maximum load rate. The load status parameters, voltage status parameters, and power flow status parameters are summarized to obtain the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation. The operating data includes the load time series data, the node voltage time series data, the topology parameters, and the line parameter data.

3. The flexible interconnection device configuration method for transformer substations as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of selecting a set of candidate interconnected distribution areas from each low-voltage distribution area based on the aforementioned operating status parameters includes: The maximum apparent power of each is compared with the rated capacity of the transformer in the corresponding low-voltage distribution substation to obtain a second comparison result. It is then determined whether each of the second comparison results meets the first preset judgment condition. If it does, the transformer overload substation is identified. The voltage over-limit duration of each low-voltage distribution area is compared with the first preset threshold, and the voltage over-limit area is determined based on the third comparison results. The maximum load rate of the line corresponding to each low-voltage distribution area is compared with the second preset threshold to determine the power flow bottleneck area based on the results of each fourth comparison. The transformer overload area, the voltage over-limit area, and the power flow bottleneck area are merged to obtain a candidate interconnection area set.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: determining a number of the flexible interconnection devices to be installed in the cell area based on the number of the base stations and the number of the mobile stations. The calculation of the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index for each pair of distribution area combinations in the candidate interconnected distribution area set includes: Extract the active load value and maximum load value of each low-voltage distribution substation in the candidate interconnected substation set at several times, calculate the first ratio between each active load value and each maximum load value to obtain the unitized load value of each low-voltage distribution substation at each time, calculate the absolute difference of the unitized load value of each substation combination pair, and take the average of each absolute difference to determine the load complementarity index of each substation combination pair. The substation combination pair is determined by arbitrarily combining any two low-voltage distribution substations in the candidate interconnected substation set. Based on the node voltage time series data and line parameter data of each low-voltage distribution substation in the candidate interconnected substation set, the node voltage change of each low-voltage distribution substation is calculated, and a second ratio between each node voltage change and a preset injected active power disturbance is calculated, so as to determine the voltage regulation capability index of each substation combination pair based on each second ratio. Based on the rated transformer capacity, maximum load value, and preset power factor of each low-voltage distribution substation in the candidate interconnected substation set, the available redundant power of each low-voltage distribution substation is calculated. The available redundant power is compared with the preset required transfer power of each low-voltage distribution substation to determine the minimum value. A third ratio between each minimum value and each maximum load value is calculated to determine the load transfer ratio index of each substation combination based on the third ratio.

5. The flexible interconnection device configuration method for transformer substations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before inputting the load complementarity index, the voltage regulation capability index, and the load transfer ratio index into the preset flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model, the method further includes: The load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index are weighted according to preset weighting coefficients to obtain the comprehensive score index of each transformer area combination pair. The comprehensive scoring indicators are sorted in descending order to obtain the interconnected substation combination sequence. Interconnected substation combinations that meet the second preset judgment condition are selected from the interconnected substation combination sequence to determine the target deployment substation set. The load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the target deployment substation set are input into the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: The optimization objective is to maximize the overall benefits of interconnection between power distribution areas. Under preset operational constraints, the optimization model for the configuration of flexible interconnection devices is solved to obtain the target power distribution area combinations that satisfy the optimization objective and the capacity of flexible interconnection devices between each target power distribution area combination, including: Encode each pair of distribution areas in the target deployment area set to map the device capacity of the flexible interconnection device between each pair of distribution areas into decision variable parameters, and generate corresponding device configuration individuals based on each decision variable parameter. Each of the aforementioned devices is configured as an initial population and input into a preset optimization algorithm. With the goal of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of interconnection between power distribution areas, the objective function value is calculated for each individual in the initial population to obtain the corresponding set of objective function values. According to the preset selection strategy, a set of parent individuals is selected from the set of objective function values, and adaptive crossover and mutation operations are performed on the set of parent individuals to obtain the offspring population. The offspring population is then subjected to constraint verification to remove individuals that do not meet the running constraints, thus obtaining a feasible population. The feasible population is used as a new generation population for several rounds of iterative optimization until the preset iteration termination condition is met. The individual with the optimal objective function value is selected as the optimal device configuration result. The target area combination pair and the capacity of the flexible interconnection device between each target area combination pair are determined based on the optimal device configuration result.

7. The flexible interconnection device configuration method for transformer substations as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The operational constraints include: power flow balance constraints, node voltage constraints, device capacity constraints, single-area interconnection quantity constraints, and voltage over-limit constraints.

8. A flexible interconnection device configuration system for a station area, characterized by, The system includes: an acquisition module, a calculation module, and a configuration module; The acquisition module is used to acquire the operating data of several low-voltage distribution radio areas; The calculation module is used to calculate the operating status parameters of each low-voltage distribution substation based on the operating data, select a set of candidate interconnected substations from each low-voltage distribution substation according to the operating status parameters, calculate the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index of each substation combination pair in the candidate interconnected substation set, and input the load complementarity index, voltage regulation capability index, and load transfer ratio index into a preset flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model. With the optimization objective of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of substation interconnection, the flexible interconnection device configuration optimization model is optimized and solved under preset operating constraints to obtain the target substation combination pair that meets the optimization objective and the flexible interconnection device capacity between each target substation combination pair. The configuration module is used to generate a flexible interconnection device configuration scheme based on each target area combination and the capacity of each flexible interconnection device.

9. A terminal device, comprising: It includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the flexible interconnection device configuration method for a transformer substation as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, include: A stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the flexible interconnection device configuration method for a transformer substation as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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