A control system and method for intelligent dispatching power consumption

Abstract

This application relates to a control system and method for intelligent power dispatching. The control system includes power supply equipment, intelligent control equipment, energy supply components, and energy consumption equipment. The power supply equipment is connected to the intelligent control equipment, which is connected to both the energy supply components and the energy consumption equipment. The intelligent control equipment includes an intelligent control unit, an electric switch, and an energy storage battery. The intelligent control unit controls the electric switch and the energy storage battery to achieve the selection, switching, and energy storage of power consumption. This application deeply integrates the four key components of power supply, power grid, load, and energy storage through optimized algorithms, big data, and IoT technologies, realizing a shift from the traditional passive control mode of "source follows load" to an active control mode of "source-load interaction and multi-party collaboration."

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a control system and method for intelligent power dispatching. Background Technology

[0002] Buildings consume a significant portion of electricity, playing a crucial role in the overall power system. This electricity consumption is primarily used to maintain indoor comfort and meet daily needs, typically including heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, lighting and electrical equipment, and domestic hot water.

[0003] As the proportion of electricity generated by green energy sources such as wind and solar power increases, current technologies typically rely on single methods, such as optimizing system regulation capabilities and improving grid resource allocation efficiency, to absorb this electricity, but the results are not significant. With the large-scale integration of highly volatile renewable energy sources like wind and solar power, traditional power system dispatching faces enormous challenges. Therefore, the traditional "source follows load" model, where power generation is adjusted based on user demand, is no longer sufficient to meet regulatory needs. Furthermore, current technologies often employ large-scale energy storage power stations to address energy storage issues, neglecting the energy storage capabilities inherent in the buildings themselves.

[0004] Therefore, how to implement an effective energy storage technology in buildings, manage energy by category and meet the building's usage needs, and make full use of the building's energy storage function while effectively reducing the additional cost of installing separate energy storage equipment has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a control system and method for intelligent power dispatching. By optimizing algorithms, big data, and IoT technologies, it deeply integrates the four key components of power supply, power grid, load, and energy storage, transforming the traditional passive control mode of "source follows load" into an active control mode of "source-load interaction and multi-faceted collaboration." When there is an imbalance between power supply and demand, it can not only regulate the power supply but also mobilize energy storage charging and discharging, and guide user-side load peak shaving and valley filling, achieving multi-dimensional, dynamic, balanced, and optimized collaborative control of "source-grid-load-storage."

[0006] This application relates to a control system for intelligent power dispatching, including power supply equipment, intelligent control equipment, energy supply components, and energy consumption equipment. The power supply equipment is connected to the intelligent control equipment, and the intelligent control equipment is connected to both the energy supply components and the energy consumption equipment. The intelligent control equipment includes an intelligent control unit, an electric switch, and an energy storage battery. The intelligent control unit controls the electric switch and the energy storage battery to achieve the selection, switching, and energy storage of power consumption.

[0007] When the power supply equipment provides power, the intelligent control equipment stores electrical energy in its built-in energy storage battery and directly supplies the power to the power supply component; when the power supply equipment provides controllable power, the energy-consuming equipment uses the electrical energy stored in the intelligent control equipment.

[0008] The energy supply components include an outdoor unit and an indoor unit. The indoor unit includes at least one of a ground-mounted heat exchanger, an independent heat exchanger, and a wall-mounted heat exchanger. The outdoor unit is connected to at least one of the ground-mounted heat exchanger, the independent heat exchanger, and the wall-mounted heat exchanger. The energy supply components may also be electric heating components. The system also includes an electric energy storage station, which is connected to the energy-consuming equipment.

[0009] This application also relates to a control method for intelligent power dispatching, which utilizes the control system described above and includes the following steps:

[0010] (1) Read the power supply type signal and the absorption command issued by the power grid at the current moment;

[0011] If the power supply type is power consumption, it enters the green electricity consumption mode;

[0012] If it is controllable power, check if it is during peak power hours; if it is peak power, enter off-grid energy storage mode; if it is flat power or off-peak power and there is no green power, enter normal replenishment mode.

[0013] (2) Control the input of the intelligent control device, prioritize the current to the power supply component and the energy storage battery, and start the power supply component to cool or heat according to the difference between the internal temperature and the set temperature.

[0014] (3) The power supply components operate, supplying heat or cooling to the room through the indoor unit.

[0015] In the green electricity consumption mode, if there is a heat demand gap in the indoor environment, the energy supply components will operate at low frequency or intermittently. When the remaining power of the battery in the intelligent control device is less than the maximum power of the battery in the intelligent control device, the remaining power consumed by the energy supply components will be charged into the energy storage device of the intelligent control device. When the remaining power of the battery in the intelligent control device is equal to the maximum power of the battery in the intelligent control device, and the heat storage capacity of the concrete layer or heat exchanger medium is at its maximum, the energy supply components will be suspended, waiting for the green electricity to end or the load to be consumed.

[0016] In the off-grid energy storage mode, if the power supply type is controllable power or peak power, the power supply components stop operating, the intelligent control equipment disconnects or restricts the use of controllable power, and the intelligent control equipment inverts and outputs the power to meet the needs of the energy-consuming equipment.

[0017] Specifically, when a severe temperature difference warning or temporary power grid absorption instruction is detected, a predictive adjustment mode is executed. In the predictive adjustment mode, three factors are considered: the difference between the indoor set temperature and the actual temperature, the intensity of power grid absorption demand, and the outdoor temperature change rate, as well as their respective influencing factors.

[0018] This application, through innovative consumption models, enables the realization of local consumption models such as integrated generation, grid, load, and storage, smart microgrids, and direct green electricity supply, thereby improving the electricity market. It guides user-side participation in regulation through price signals such as peak-valley electricity pricing and taps the resource potential of the load side, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid, and maximizing the consumption of new energy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is the first embodiment of the intelligent power dispatching control system of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is the second embodiment of the intelligent power dispatching control system of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent power dispatch control method of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 This is the third embodiment of the intelligent power dispatching control system of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0024] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments, a smart power dispatching control system according to this application includes a power supply device 1, a smart control device 4, an energy supply component 5, and an energy consumption device 6. The power supply device 1 is connected to the smart control device 4, and the smart control device 4 is connected to both the energy supply component 5 and the energy consumption device 6. The power supply device 1 may include equipment that generates electricity through energy sources such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power. Hydropower and thermal power generate controllable electricity, which has a higher cost; while wind power and solar power generate green electricity, which can be utilized and has a lower cost. The smart control device 4 may contain a smart control unit, an electric switch, and an energy storage battery. The smart control unit controls the electric switch and the energy storage battery to select, switch, and store electricity from the power grid. The smart control device 4 is connected to the energy supply component and also to the energy consumption device 6 within an isolation structure 7. The isolation structure 7 may be a building, a warehouse, or other possible forms of spatial isolation. In this application, a building is used as an example for illustration.

[0025] exist Figure 1-2 In the illustrated embodiment, the energy supply component 5 can be an air source heat pump component, including an outdoor unit and an indoor unit. The outdoor unit is used to extract air energy from the external environment, and the indoor unit is installed inside to regulate the internal air through heat exchange. The circulating medium can be refrigerant or water. The indoor unit can include at least one of a floor-mounted heat exchanger 51, an independent heat exchanger 52, and a wall-mounted heat exchanger 53, and the outdoor unit is connected to at least one of the floor-mounted heat exchanger 51, the independent heat exchanger 52, and the wall-mounted heat exchanger 53. The ground-mounted heat exchanger 51 is embedded in the building's floor slab, storing air energy through the concrete layer and exchanging heat with the building's interior air. The independent heat exchanger 52 stores air energy and exchanges heat with the building's interior air; it can be placed against or away from the wall. The wall-mounted heat exchanger 53 can be embedded in the concrete layers of the building's walls and ceiling, storing air energy through the concrete layer and exchanging heat with the building's interior air; or it can be installed outside the walls and ceiling, but the wall-mounted heat exchanger 53 itself has energy storage capabilities and exchanges heat with the building's interior air. The ground-mounted heat exchanger 51, independent heat exchanger 52, and wall-mounted heat exchanger 53 can be installed in multiple spaces within the same building for air conditioning. That is, one, two, or three of these heat exchangers can be installed in multiple spaces within a single building.

[0026] When power supply equipment 1 provides power, intelligent control equipment 4 stores electrical energy in its built-in energy storage device, i.e., the battery, and directly supplies the power to power supply component 5. Power supply component 5 draws air energy from the external environment of the building. On the one hand, it exchanges heat with the air through the floor-mounted heat exchanger 51, independent heat exchanger 52, and wall-mounted heat exchanger 53 installed in the building to regulate the air inside the building. On the other hand, it stores air energy in the building's concrete layer or in the energy storage medium of the heat exchanger itself through the floor-mounted heat exchanger 51, independent heat exchanger 52, and wall-mounted heat exchanger 53. When the air inside the building reaches the preset regulation requirements and the energy storage medium of the heat exchanger itself stores enough air energy, power supply component 5 stops operating. After calculating the energy storage capacity of the concrete layer and the energy storage medium of the heat exchanger itself, the stored air energy is sufficient to meet the energy loss due to insufficient building insulation during peak power periods, thereby ensuring that the building meets the air regulation requirements. Similarly, the calculation of the power demand of energy-consuming device 6 shows that the electrical energy stored in intelligent control device 4 is sufficient to meet the power demand of energy-consuming device 6 during peak power periods.

[0027] When power supply equipment 1 provides controllable power, energy-consuming equipment 6 uses the electrical energy stored in intelligent control equipment 4 to meet the building's usage needs. Air energy is stored in the building's concrete layer or in the energy storage medium of the heat exchanger itself through ground-mounted heat exchanger 51, independent heat exchanger 52, and wall-mounted heat exchanger 53 to meet the building's air conditioning needs, thereby achieving the function of flexible power consumption.

[0028] When a building complex (8) consists of multiple buildings forming a large-scale power-consuming building group, the energy storage devices of the intelligent control devices (4) installed on individual buildings can be centrally integrated into an energy storage station (9). Power can then be transmitted to the individual buildings via the building complex's transmission network. The intelligent control devices (4) control the operation of the intelligent control devices (4) and the power supply components (5) in response to changes in the building's external environment and internal air conditioning. Simultaneously, they meet the demand for green electricity consumption from the power grid. This demand can be for a predetermined period or a temporary demand based on grid requirements. When changes occur in the building's external environment or internal air quality, air conditioning can be implemented in advance. Because this is pre-adjustment, it fully utilizes favorable periods when energy can be easily drawn from the external environment, efficiently and energy-savingly meeting the building's air conditioning requirements. When the power grid issues agreed-upon or temporary consumption demands, the intelligent control devices can adjust the operating hours of the air-source heat pump units accordingly to meet these demands.

[0029] In some implementations, a power control device 2 and a power control box 3 may be installed between the power supply device 1 and the intelligent control device 4. The power control device 2 controls and adjusts the generated power. The power control box 3 may be equipped with control facilities such as air switches and electricity meters for measuring electricity consumption, for controlling the incoming power.

[0030] exist Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the energy supply component 5 can also be an electric heating component, in which case the internal heating element can be an electric heating device 55, which can be embedded inside the building. The indoor temperature is detected by a temperature sensor 52. When the energy supply component is an electric heating component, considering uniform heat dissipation, the electric heating component can be a resistive element and further laid on a metal surface. The resistive element can be pre-installed in the building's floor slabs, walls, and ceilings, allowing heat exchange between the concrete and the building's interior air while the concrete stores heat. The resistive element can also be integrated with the energy storage material into a single component placed within the building space, achieving heat exchange with the building's interior air while storing heat; this energy supply method can provide building heating. A smart power dispatching control system according to this application includes devices such as IoT sensors and smart meters, which collect various data in real time, then use algorithms to predict future power generation and consumption, and perform multi-objective intelligent optimization dispatching.

[0031] The real-time data collected may include:

[0032] Source data: Real-time power output and power generation prediction errors of new energy power plants such as photovoltaic and wind power;

[0033] Power grid data: operating status such as voltage, frequency, and line load rate;

[0034] Load data: Real-time power consumption and load forecast curves on the user side;

[0035] Energy storage data: Battery remaining capacity, charge / discharge efficiency, health status, etc.

[0036] The specific methods of prediction can be:

[0037] New energy output forecasting: Time series models such as LSTM neural networks can be used in conjunction with meteorological data to forecast wind and solar power generation;

[0038] Load demand forecasting: Algorithms such as K-means clustering can be used to identify load patterns and accurately predict future electricity demand.

[0039] After acquiring real-time data and prediction results, the system performs a supply-demand balance assessment. If an imbalance occurs, an optimization algorithm is activated to generate the optimal scheduling strategy. For example, multiple algorithms such as genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, and deep reinforcement learning can be used to seek optimal solutions for multiple objectives while satisfying grid security constraints. Then, the system coordinates and schedules new energy sources such as wind power and solar power, as well as flexible resources such as energy storage power stations, interruptible industrial loads, and electric vehicle charging stations, achieving multi-timescale coordination from milliseconds to hours.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, a smart power dispatching control method according to this application is illustrated, comprising the following steps:

[0041] (3) Read the power supply type signal and the absorption command issued by the power grid at the current moment;

[0042] If the power supply type is for grid-connected electricity, and the electricity price is low or negative, full grid-connected electricity consumption is required, entering green electricity consumption mode. If it is controllable electricity, check if it is peak power. If it is peak power, enter off-grid energy storage mode. If it is flat or off-peak power, and there is no green electricity, enter normal replenishment mode. Regardless of the mode, if a severe temperature difference warning or temporary consumption instruction is detected, the predictive regulation mode will be executed first.

[0043] (2) Control the input of the intelligent control device 4, and prioritize directing the current to the power supply component 5 and the energy storage device. Based on the difference between the internal temperature and the set temperature, start the power supply component 5 to cool or heat.

[0044] (3) The power supply component 5 is in operation, supplying heat or cooling to the room through the indoor unit.

[0045] In the green electricity consumption mode, if there is a heat demand gap in the indoor environment, the power supply component 5 will operate at low frequency or intermittently. This setup utilizes the concrete layer of the floor slab and walls as a heat storage medium to control the temperature at the upper limit of the comfort zone, such as storing heat to 26℃ in winter, in preparation for subsequent power outages. When the remaining power of the battery in the intelligent control device is less than its maximum capacity, i.e., the battery is not fully charged, the remaining consumed power, after deducting the power consumed by the power supply component 5, is all charged into the energy storage device of the intelligent control device 4. When the remaining power of the battery in the intelligent control device equals its maximum capacity, and the heat storage capacity of the concrete layer or heat exchanger medium is at its maximum, i.e., the battery is fully charged, the power supply component 5 is suspended, awaiting the end of the green electricity consumption or load depletion.

[0046] In off-grid energy storage mode, if the power supply type is controllable power or peak power, the goal is "zero power consumption" or "minimal power consumption" to achieve flexible power usage. The intelligent control device 4 disconnects or restricts the consumption of controllable power, and the power is then output by the intelligent control device 4 inverter to meet the needs of the energy-consuming device 6. At this time, the power supply component 5 stops operating, relying on the heat energy previously stored in the concrete layer to maintain the internal temperature through heat conduction.

[0047] When a severe temperature difference warning or temporary power grid absorption instruction is detected, a predictive adjustment mode is executed. In the predictive adjustment mode, the difference between the indoor set temperature and the actual temperature, the intensity of power grid absorption demand, and the outdoor temperature change rate, as well as their respective influencing factors, are considered.

[0048] Specifically, in predictive regulation mode, predictive and responsive regulation algorithms are used to calculate the target electricity volume for regulation in response to "drastic temperature fluctuations" or "temporary grid absorption demand" using the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] Where Ptarget is the target power, Tset-Tin is the difference between the indoor set temperature and the actual temperature, dTout / dtt is the outdoor temperature change rate, and Sgrid is the grid absorption demand intensity, with a value between 0 and 1. If a significant drop in outdoor temperature is predicted, excess heat storage is performed in advance during green electricity periods. α is the sensitivity of temperature regulation, which determines the degree of influence of the deviation between the current indoor temperature Tin and the set temperature Tset on the target power Ptarget. β is the proactiveness of the grid response, which determines the degree of influence of the grid absorption demand intensity Sgrid on the target power Ptarget. γ represents the foresight of environmental prediction, which determines the degree of influence of the outdoor temperature change rate dTout / dt on the target power Ptarget, giving the model the ability to "predict" and "act in advance".

[0051] A larger α value indicates a more sensitive system to temperature differences, leading to more aggressive heating or cooling to quickly reduce these differences. A smaller α value indicates a less sensitive system to temperature differences, resulting in a smoother response. A larger β value indicates a more proactive system in responding to grid commands. For example, when the grid needs to absorb excess green electricity (i.e., when the Sgrid value is high), the system will significantly increase its power for heat storage. A smaller β value indicates a more conservative system, prioritizing its own temperature regulation and responding less to grid demands. A larger γ value indicates a more forward-looking system. For example, if a significant drop in outdoor temperature is predicted, the system will increase its power in advance, utilizing current excess green electricity for heat storage to prepare for the upcoming cold snap. A smaller γ value indicates a more short-sighted system, reacting primarily based on current conditions such as the current temperature difference and grid signals, with less consideration for future environmental changes.

[0052] For example, if the intelligent control unit detects a sudden drop in temperature in the near future, it immediately checks the heat storage capacity of the concrete layer or heat exchanger medium. If insufficient, it preheats the building during off-peak hours, even if it's not currently a green electricity period; if green electricity is available, it stores heat at full speed. As another example, if a temporary peak-shaving request is received from the power grid, it immediately adjusts the operating curve of power supply component 5, increases the outlet water temperature setpoint, accelerates the heat exchange frequency, and forcibly increases the heat storage capacity of the concrete layer or heat exchanger medium, acting as a virtual power plant load.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, when a single building expands into a building complex, the algorithm upgrades to centralized management. The central controller collects the remaining battery power in the intelligent control devices of all buildings and the heat storage in the concrete layer or heat exchanger medium to calculate the total energy storage capacity. Using the energy storage station 9 as the main buffer, if a building has sufficient heat storage but low remaining power, electricity can be allocated from the energy storage station 9 to the energy-consuming devices 6 in that building. When the main power grid transmits green electricity to the energy storage station 9, priority is given to allocating it to buildings with lower heat storage to activate their air source heat pump units, and only then is charging the energy storage station 9 considered.

[0054] This application utilizes the aforementioned algorithm to convert unstable green electricity into stable thermal energy stored within the building structure, thus resolving the issue of green electricity's inability to be directly connected to the grid due to its large fluctuations. It not only stores electricity but also heat, reducing the cost of expensive battery configurations. The building is no longer merely a load but can actively adjust its energy consumption according to grid commands.

[0055] This application categorizes and addresses building energy consumption by utilizing concrete energy storage or the built-in energy storage function of heat exchangers. While ensuring that the majority of building energy consumption is used for air conditioning, it also meets the demand for smaller-capacity electrical energy storage from other energy-consuming equipment within the building. This achieves flexible building electricity use and full utilization of green electricity from the power system, resulting in economical energy consumption. Furthermore, it enables coordinated control of green electricity utilization from the power system and building energy storage, responding to the demand for green electricity utilization from the power system and reducing investment in power equipment used for utilization.

[0056] Although the embodiments disclosed in this application are as described above, the content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art to which this application pertains may make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in this application; however, the scope of patent protection of this application shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A control system for intelligent power dispatching, characterized in that, It includes power supply equipment, intelligent control equipment, energy supply components and energy consumption equipment. The power supply equipment is connected to the intelligent control equipment. The intelligent control equipment is connected to the energy supply components and the energy consumption equipment respectively. The intelligent control equipment is equipped with an intelligent control unit, an electric switch and an energy storage battery. The intelligent control unit controls the electric switch and the energy storage battery to realize the selection, switching and energy storage of electricity. When the power supply equipment provides power, the intelligent control equipment stores electrical energy in its built-in energy storage battery and directly supplies the power to the power supply component; when the power supply equipment provides controllable power, the energy-consuming equipment uses the electrical energy stored in the intelligent control equipment.

2. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply components include an outdoor unit and an indoor unit. The indoor unit includes at least one of a ground-mounted heat exchanger, an independent heat exchanger, and a wall-mounted heat exchanger. The outdoor unit is connected to at least one of the ground-mounted heat exchanger, the independent heat exchanger, and the wall-mounted heat exchanger.

3. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply component is an electric heating component.

4. The control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes an energy storage station, which is connected to the energy-consuming equipment.

5. A control method for intelligent power dispatching, characterized in that, Controlling using the control system according to any one of claims 1-4 includes the following steps: (1) Read the power supply type signal and the absorption command issued by the power grid at the current moment; If the power supply type is power consumption, it enters the green electricity consumption mode; If it is controllable power, check if it is during peak power hours; if it is peak power, enter off-grid energy storage mode; if it is flat power or off-peak power and there is no green power, enter normal replenishment mode. (2) Control the input of the intelligent control device, prioritize the current to the power supply component and the energy storage battery, and start the power supply component to cool or heat according to the difference between the internal temperature and the set temperature. (3) The power supply components operate, supplying heat or cooling to the room through the indoor unit.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the green electricity consumption mode, if there is a heat demand gap in the indoor environment, the energy supply components will operate at low frequency or intermittently. When the remaining power of the battery in the intelligent control device is less than the maximum power of the battery in the intelligent control device, the remaining power consumed by the energy supply components will be charged into the energy storage device of the intelligent control device. When the remaining power of the battery in the intelligent control device is equal to the maximum power of the battery in the intelligent control device, and the heat storage capacity of the concrete layer or heat exchanger medium is at its maximum, the energy supply components will be suspended, waiting for the green electricity to end or the load to be consumed.

7. The control method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, In off-grid energy storage mode, if the power supply type is controllable power or peak power, the power supply components stop operating, the intelligent control equipment disconnects or restricts the use of controllable power, and the intelligent control equipment inverts and outputs the power to meet the needs of energy-consuming equipment.

8. The control method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, When a severe temperature difference warning or temporary cooling order is detected, the predictive adjustment mode is executed; In the aforementioned predictive regulation mode, three factors are considered: the difference between the indoor set temperature and the actual temperature, the grid absorption demand intensity, and the outdoor temperature change rate, as well as their respective influencing factors.

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