A self-adaptive power distribution method and system for a passenger cabin seat charging interface

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive power allocation method and system for cabin seat charging interfaces. The method determines priority levels by detecting protocol information and battery state of charge of each interface device; calculates a charge decay factor based on the state of charge and combines it with the priority to obtain allocation weights; takes the smaller of the protocol requested power and the single-port power limit as the required power, allocating the full amount when the bus power is sufficient, and iteratively limiting allocation according to weights when insufficient; outputs the target allocated power after transient smoothing and speed limiting; monitors interface and bus currents in real time, performs power rollback when limits are exceeded, and updates periodically. This invention improves power utilization and allocation fairness under bus power constraints, taking into account device priority and charge differences, and achieves adaptive dynamic allocation of charging power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power management technology, specifically relating to an adaptive power allocation method and system for a cabin seat charging interface. Background Technology

[0002] Due to limitations in the capacity of the aircraft's power supply system and the current-carrying capacity of the cables, the total power that each power supply bus can provide is limited. However, a large number of charging ports are often connected to the same bus. When a large number of passengers use high-power charging devices at the same time, the sum of the power demand of each port can easily exceed the total power that the bus can allocate, resulting in power competition.

[0003] For power management of cabin charging interfaces, existing technologies mainly employ a fixed limit method. This method pre-sets a fixed maximum output power for each interface, supplying power according to the fixed limit regardless of whether any equipment is connected to the interface or the demand of the connected equipment. While simple, this method struggles to allocate power reserves from idle or low-demand interfaces to high-demand interfaces, resulting in low bus power utilization and a poor charging experience for passengers. Another method is the first-come, first-served method, which allocates power to interfaces based on the order of connection. Those connecting first have priority access to bus power, while later connections are unable to charge once the bus power is depleted. This method is unfair to later-connecting passengers and does not consider the urgency of charging their devices. Finally, there is the equal distribution method, which distributes available power evenly among interfaces when bus power is insufficient. While relatively fair, this method does not differentiate between device type and battery state of charge, resulting in near-fully charged devices receiving the same power as devices urgently needing charging, leading to unreasonable power allocation.

[0004] Existing technologies fail to integrate the total power constraints of the power supply bus, equipment protocol handshake requirements, equipment type priorities, and battery state of charge into a unified dynamic allocation system. This makes it difficult to ensure that high-priority, low-charged equipment is charged first when the bus power is limited, while also ensuring the balance of meeting the requirements of each interface. Furthermore, it lacks transient smoothing for power fluctuations and safety protection mechanisms for overcurrent. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an adaptive power allocation method and system for cabin seat charging interfaces to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of low bus power utilization, unfair allocation, failure to consider equipment type and state of charge, and lack of transient smoothing and overcurrent protection in existing cabin charging interface power management methods, and to provide an adaptive power allocation method and system for cabin seat charging interfaces.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0007] An adaptive power allocation method for cabin seat charging interfaces, the cabin seat charging system including a power supply bus constrained by total power and multiple charging interfaces powered by the bus, the method comprising the following steps performed sequentially: Step S1: Real-time detection of the access status and device protocol information of each charging interface, obtaining the protocol handshake request power, device type and current battery state of charge of each connected device, and determining the priority level of each interface according to the device type.

[0008] Step S2: For each connected device, calculate the charge decay factor based on its current battery state of charge. The charge decay factor decreases as the state of charge increases, so that devices that are close to being fully charged receive a lower allocation preference. Then, combine the priority level with the charge decay factor to obtain the allocation weight of each interface.

[0009] Step S3: Take the smaller value between the protocol handshake request power of each interface and the single-port power limit of that interface, and use it as the required power of that interface.

[0010] When the sum of the power demand of all interfaces does not exceed the total allocable power of the power supply bus, the power demand of each interface is fully allocated; when the sum of the power demand of all interfaces exceeds the total allocable power of the power supply bus, the allocation is iteratively restricted to each interface based on the allocation weight, so that the allocated power does not exceed its respective power demand and the sum of the allocated power of all interfaces is equal to the total allocable power.

[0011] Step S4: Perform transient smoothing and speed limiting processing on the target power allocation of each interface obtained in step S3, so that the change in the actual output power of each interface between adjacent control cycles does not exceed the set upper limit of the power change rate, and then output the smoothed power to the corresponding device through the power conversion unit of each interface.

[0012] Step S5: During the charging process, monitor the output current of each interface and the total bus current in real time. When the output current of any interface exceeds its overcurrent protection threshold, or the total bus current exceeds the bus overcurrent threshold, perform power back-off on the corresponding interface or all interfaces.

[0013] The process periodically returns to step S1, and steps S2 to S5 are re-executed based on changes in device access and state of charge updates to achieve adaptive dynamic allocation of charging power.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the cabin seat charging system is equipped with a total of The first charging port, the second Each interface corresponds to the current battery charge state of the connected device. ( , Then the charge decay factor of the interface is... Determined by the following formula: ;in, The charge decay index has a range of values. , The larger the value, the faster the distribution tendency of the high-charge state equipment decays; when the first When no device is connected to the interface, take .

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the first Weight allocation for each interface Based on the priority level of this interface With charge decay factor Based on comprehensive assessment: ;in, For the first The priority level of the first interface is a positive integer, with larger values ​​indicating higher priority, determined by the device type according to a preset mapping relationship; when the first... When no device is connected to the interface, take .

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the first Power requirement for each interface Power request via protocol handshake of this interface With respect to the single-port power limit of this interface Take the smaller value to determine: Let the total distributable power of the power supply bus be . When satisfied At that time, the target power allocation for each interface is taken as follows: That is, the power is allocated in full according to demand.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, when At that time, each interface is iteratively and restrictively allocated according to the aforementioned allocation weight. The iterative process is as follows: Let the set of uncapped interfaces be... Initialize to all connected interfaces, remaining allocable power Initialize to Power has been allocated to each interface. Initialize to In each iteration, the set Power is allocated to each interface within the interface according to its weight ratio. .

[0018] If an interface exists that satisfies... Then the power allocation for this type of interface will be capped at 1. Remove it from the set and update the remaining allocable power to Then proceed to the next iteration, in which, For all that do not belong to the set The sum of the allocated power of the interfaces.

[0019] If set There is no content that satisfies The interface then allocates all remaining allocable power to the set according to the weighted proportions. Each internal interface, i.e., The iteration ends; after the iteration, the target power allocation for each interface meets the requirements. and .

[0020] Furthermore, in step S4, transient smoothing and speed limiting processing is performed on the power allocated to each interface target, and the control cycle number is recorded as... , No. The interface in the first Actual output power per control cycle Determined recursively by the following formula: ;in, For the first The interface in the first The target power allocation for each control cycle is obtained from step S3; This represents the actual output power of the previous control cycle; This represents the upper limit of the allowable power change rate between adjacent control cycles, in units of ;function Indicates will Limited to the interval within, that is .

[0021] Furthermore, in step S5, the first The overcurrent back-off of each interface is executed according to the following formula: when the measured output current of the interface... Exceeding its overcurrent protection threshold At that time, the target power allocated to the interface is multiplied by the backoff factor. To lower, that is Among them, the backoff coefficient satisfy When the measured total current of the busbar Exceeding the bus overcurrent threshold At that time, the target power allocation for all interfaces is synchronously multiplied by the bus back-off coefficient. That is, for all implement The bus back-off coefficient Determined by the following formula: In the formula For the safety margin coefficient, satisfying .

[0022] Furthermore, the method also includes the bus power utilization rate of a single allocation. With distributional fairness indicators Evaluation: Bus power utilization rate The Janssen equity index was used as the indicator for allocation fairness. In the formula For the first The requirement fulfillment rate of each interface For the first The actual output power of each interface For the first The power requirement of each interface; the allocation fairness index satisfy , The closer This indicates a more balanced fulfillment rate of requirements across all interfaces.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S1, the access status of each charging interface and the protocol handshake request power... The battery state of charge is obtained through the protocol identification unit of the corresponding interface according to the charging protocol handshake process. The voltage is obtained by the device reporting via the charging protocol communication link or by estimating the output voltage and charging curve of this interface, with a sampling period not exceeding [a certain value]. The control cycle of the periodic return step S1 satisfy And the upper limit of the rate of change of power With control cycle The ratio satisfies In the formula The maximum allowable rate of power change of the system, in units of .

[0024] The present invention also provides an adaptive power distribution system for cabin seat charging interfaces to implement the above method. The system includes: a power supply bus, multiple charging interfaces, a detection module, a power distribution controller, and an overcurrent protection module.

[0025] The power supply bus is used to supply power to multiple charging interfaces with a total power allocation limit.

[0026] Each of the plurality of charging interfaces is configured with a protocol identification unit and a power conversion unit. The protocol identification unit is used to detect the device access status, obtain the protocol handshake request power and the battery state of charge. The power conversion unit is used to output to the corresponding device according to the allocated power.

[0027] The detection module is used to collect the output current of each interface, the total bus current, and the battery state of charge of each interface in real time.

[0028] The power allocation controller is connected to the protocol identification unit, the power conversion unit, and the detection module respectively. It is used to calculate the allocation weight according to the priority level and charge attenuation factor of each interface. When the sum of the power demand of all interfaces exceeds the total allocable power, it performs iterative limited allocation of each interface according to the allocation weight to obtain the target allocated power of each interface. After transient smoothing and speed limiting processing of the target allocated power, it is output by the power conversion unit.

[0029] The overcurrent protection module is connected to the detection module and the power conversion unit, and is used to perform power back-off on the corresponding interface or all interfaces when the output current of any interface exceeds its overcurrent protection threshold, or the total bus current exceeds the bus overcurrent threshold.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention calculates a comprehensive allocation weight based on the protocol handshake request power, device type priority, and battery state of charge of the devices connected to each interface. When the bus power is sufficient, it allocates the full amount as needed. When the bus power is insufficient, it performs iterative and limited allocation to each interface according to the weight, ensuring that the allocated power does not exceed the individual needs and that the sum of the allocations to all interfaces equals the total allocatable power of the bus. Furthermore, it performs transient smoothing speed limiting and overcurrent protection on the target allocated power, realizing adaptive dynamic allocation of charging power. This improves the bus power utilization rate, allocation fairness, and passenger charging experience under the constraint of bus power. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an adaptive power allocation method for a cabin seat charging interface according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive power distribution system for a passenger cabin seat charging interface according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the method and system of the present invention are applicable to centralized charging scenarios where the total power of the power supply bus is constrained and multiple charging interfaces are provided on the same bus, especially applicable to charging units for passenger cabin seats in civil aircraft; in addition, the present invention can also be implemented in scenarios with similar total power constraints and multi-interface power competition characteristics, such as charging seats in rail transit trains, charging seats in long-distance buses, and centralized charging piles with multiple interfaces in shared offices and public places.

[0034] For charging scenarios where each interface is powered independently and there is no shared bus total power constraint, or scenarios where there is no need for differentiated allocation of device priority and state of charge, the priority mapping relationship and weight calculation method can be simplified or adjusted according to actual needs.

[0035] Example 1 This embodiment provides an adaptive power allocation method for cabin seat charging interfaces. The method selects a row of seats on a certain type of civil aircraft as the charging unit. This charging unit is powered by a single power supply bus, and the bus can allocate a total power. bus line set One charging port; the preset mapping relationship between device type and priority level is: laptop devices Flat panel devices Mobile devices The charge decay index is taken as Maximum power limit and maximum power change rate for each interface. Control cycle .

[0036] like Figure 1 The diagram shows an adaptive power allocation method for a cabin seat charging interface according to the present invention. The cabin seat charging system includes a power supply bus constrained by total power and multiple charging interfaces powered by the bus.

[0037] Step S1: Real-time detection of the access status and device protocol information of each charging interface, obtaining the protocol handshake request power, device type and current battery state of charge of each connected device, and determining the priority level of each interface according to the device type.

[0038] Access status and protocol handshake request power of each charging port The battery state of charge is obtained through the protocol identification unit of the corresponding interface according to the charging protocol handshake process. The voltage is obtained by the device reporting via the charging protocol communication link or by estimating the output voltage and charging curve of this interface, with a sampling period not exceeding [a certain value]. The control cycle of the periodic return step S1 satisfy And the upper limit of the rate of change of power With control cycle The ratio satisfies In the formula The maximum allowable rate of power change of the system, in units of .

[0039] After detection by each interface protocol identification unit according to the handshake process of the charging protocol, at this moment Each interface is connected to a device; the type of device connected to each interface and the protocol handshake request power are specified. Single-port power limit Priority level determined by equipment type and current battery state of charge as follows: interface Connect to a laptop. , , , ; interface Connect to tablet, , , , ; interface Connect to mobile phone , , , ; interface Connect to a laptop. , , , ; interface Connect to mobile phone , , , .

[0040] The state of charge sampling period is .

[0041] Step S2: For each connected device, calculate the charge decay factor based on its current battery state of charge. The charge decay factor decreases as the state of charge increases, so that devices that are close to being fully charged receive a lower allocation preference. Then, combine the priority level with the charge decay factor to obtain the allocation weight of each interface.

[0042] No. Weight allocation for each interface Based on the priority level of this interface With charge decay factor Based on comprehensive assessment: ;in, For the first The priority level of the first interface is a positive integer, with larger values ​​indicating higher priority, determined by the device type according to a preset mapping relationship; when the first... When no device is connected to the interface, take .

[0043] From the formula of charge decay factor ,Pick Calculate the charge attenuation factor for each interface: ; ; ; ; .

[0044] From the weighting formula Calculate the weight assigned to each interface: ; ; ; ; Visible interface (Low-charge laptops) have the highest weight and most interfaces. (Nearly fully charged mobile phones) have the lowest weight, which is in line with the design intent of prioritizing charging high-priority, low-charge devices.

[0045] Step S3: Take the smaller value between the protocol handshake request power of each interface and the single-port power limit of that interface, and use it as the required power of that interface.

[0046] When the sum of the power demand of all interfaces does not exceed the total allocable power of the power supply bus, the power demand of each interface is fully allocated; when the sum of the power demand of all interfaces exceeds the total allocable power of the power supply bus, the allocation is iteratively restricted to each interface based on the allocation weight, so that the allocated power does not exceed its respective power demand and the sum of the allocated power of all interfaces is equal to the total allocable power.

[0047] No. Power requirement for each interface Power request via protocol handshake of this interface With respect to the single-port power limit of this interface Take the smaller value to determine: Let the total distributable power of the power supply bus be . When satisfied At that time, the target power allocation for each interface is taken as follows: That is, the power is allocated in full according to demand.

[0048] when At that time, each interface is iteratively and restrictively allocated according to the aforementioned allocation weight. The iterative process is as follows: Let the set of uncapped interfaces be... Initialize to all connected interfaces, remaining allocable power Initialize to Power has been allocated to each interface. Initialize to In each iteration, the set Power is allocated to each interface within the interface according to its weight ratio. .

[0049] If an interface exists that satisfies... Then the power allocation for this type of interface will be capped at 1. Remove it from the set and update the remaining allocable power to Then proceed to the next iteration, in which, For all that do not belong to the set The sum of the allocated power of the interfaces.

[0050] If set There is no content that satisfies The interface then allocates all remaining allocable power to the set according to the weighted proportions. Each internal interface, i.e., The iteration ends; after the iteration, the target power allocation for each interface meets the requirements. and .

[0051] From the power demand formula Calculate the power requirement for each interface: ; ; ; ; The sum of power requirements for all interfaces. Greater than the total power that can be allocated by the bus. Overload occurred, so each interface was iteratively and restrictively allocated according to the assigned weight.

[0052] First iteration: Uncapped interface set Remaining allocable power Sum of weights .according to Calculate the power allocation for each interface: , , , , .

[0053] Interface ( ) and interface ( The power allocation is capped because the capping condition is met. , Remove from set Update remaining allocable power .

[0054] Second iteration: Uncapped interface set Remaining allocable power Sum of weights Calculate the trial power allocation according to the weighted proportions: , , .

[0055] All three are less than their respective power requirements. , , Since no interface meets the capping condition, the remaining allocable power is allocated to the set according to the weight ratio. Internal interfaces, i.e. , , The iteration has ended.

[0056] After the iteration, the target power allocation for each interface is as follows: , , , , ,satisfy The sum of the power allocated to all interfaces The bus power was precisely allocated.

[0057] Step S4: Perform transient smoothing and speed limiting processing on the target power allocation of each interface obtained in step S3, so that the change in the actual output power of each interface between adjacent control cycles does not exceed the set upper limit of the power change rate, and then output the smoothed power to the corresponding device through the power conversion unit of each interface.

[0058] Transient smoothing and speed limiting are performed on the power allocated to each interface target, and the control cycle number is denoted as . , No. The interface in the first Actual output power per control cycle Determined recursively by the following formula: ;in, For the first The interface in the first The target power allocation for each control cycle is obtained from step S3; This represents the actual output power of the previous control cycle; This represents the upper limit of the allowable power change rate between adjacent control cycles, in units of ;function Indicates will Limited to the interval within, that is .

[0059] Take the upper limit of the power change rate Power is allocated to each interface target according to Perform transient smoothing. (via interface) For example, its target power allocation is determined by Rise to Constrained by the upper limit of the power change rate, the actual output power in each control cycle is as follows: That is, it takes about One control cycle (approximately) The power level is smoothly increased to the target value, avoiding the impact of power jumps on the equipment and bus; the other interfaces are similarly smoothly transitioned according to their respective target power allocation.

[0060] Step S5: During the charging process, monitor the output current of each interface and the total bus current in real time. When the output current of any interface exceeds its overcurrent protection threshold, or the total bus current exceeds the bus overcurrent threshold, perform power back-off on the corresponding interface or all interfaces.

[0061] The process periodically returns to step S1, and steps S2 to S5 are re-executed based on changes in device access and state of charge updates to achieve adaptive dynamic allocation of charging power.

[0062] In step S5, the first The overcurrent back-off of each interface is executed according to the following formula: when the measured output current of the interface... Exceeding its overcurrent protection threshold At that time, the target power allocated to the interface is multiplied by the backoff factor. To lower, that is Among them, the backoff coefficient satisfy When the measured total current of the busbar Exceeding the bus overcurrent threshold At that time, the target power allocation for all interfaces is synchronously multiplied by the bus back-off coefficient. That is, for all implement The bus back-off coefficient Determined by the following formula: In the formula For the safety margin coefficient, satisfying .

[0063] The above bus back-off coefficient The calculation is based on the following: Under the condition that the bus voltage is approximately constant, the interface output power is approximately proportional to its current. Therefore, to reduce the total bus current from... Pull back to bus overcurrent threshold The target power allocation for all interfaces needs to be proportional. Scaling, this ratio is the power scaling factor required to bring the total bus current back to the threshold. Since scaling only by this ratio would cause the total current to just fall back to the threshold edge but remain at the critical point, easily triggering protection repeatedly and causing power oscillations, it is then multiplied by a safety margin factor less than 1. The rollback target is lowered below the threshold, leaving a safety margin. The range of values ​​for the safety margin coefficient is as follows. Engineering trade-offs between preserving safety margins and avoiding excessive sacrifice of charging power: The closer it is to 1, the more charging power is retained after the rollback, but the smaller the margin. The smaller the value, the greater the margin, but the more charging power is sacrificed; taking the upper limit of 0.95 can leave about 5% current margin, and taking the lower limit of 0.8 can leave about 20% current margin when the load fluctuates greatly. The specific value can be selected within this range according to the bus load fluctuation characteristics.

[0064] During charging, the detection module collects the output current of each interface in real time. With the total current of the busbar Set up the interface. The overcurrent protection threshold corresponds to approximately [power value missing]. At this moment, the measured current at each interface did not exceed the corresponding overcurrent protection threshold, and the total bus current also did not exceed the bus overcurrent threshold. Therefore, power backoff is not triggered.

[0065] The system uses a control cycle Periodic return step S1: When an interface device is unplugged, a new device is connected, or the state of charge of a device changes, the charge attenuation factor is recalculated, weights are allocated, and iterative constrained allocation is performed to achieve adaptive dynamic allocation of charging power. For example, when the interface... The laptop is charging until its state of charge increases, or the interface... When the device is unplugged and releases power, the system will redistribute the released power to other interfaces with unmet needs (such as interfaces) in the next control cycle. ,interface This will improve the overall level of demand satisfaction.

[0066] The method also includes the utilization rate of bus power in a single allocation. With distributional fairness indicators Evaluation: Bus power utilization rate The Janssen equity index was used as the indicator for allocation fairness. In the formula For the first The requirement fulfillment rate of each interface For the first The actual output power of each interface For the first The power requirement of each interface; the allocation fairness index satisfy , The closer This indicates a more balanced fulfillment rate of requirements across all interfaces.

[0067] Demand fulfillment rate Calculate the requirement fulfillment rate for each interface: , , , , Bus power utilization rate .

[0068] James's Fairness Index .

[0069] The above results indicate that when bus power is limited (demand) busbar In the case of [missing information], the method in this embodiment improves the bus power utilization rate to [missing information]. High-priority, low-charge interface ,interface Prioritize achieving a higher demand fulfillment rate and near-full-charge interfaces. Achieving lower power and distributing fairness index This approach balances charging efficiency and allocation fairness, validating the effectiveness of the method described in this invention.

[0070] Example 2 This embodiment provides an adaptive power distribution system for a cabin seat charging interface, used to implement the method described in Embodiment 1. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic of an adaptive power distribution system for a cabin seat charging interface according to the present invention. The system includes a power supply bus, multiple charging interfaces, a detection module, a power distribution controller, and an overcurrent protection module.

[0071] The power supply bus is connected to the aircraft's onboard secondary power supply and is used to allocate total power under total power constraints. It supplies power to multiple charging ports; in this embodiment, the power supply bus corresponds to the charging unit of a row of seats, and can allocate total power. Its lower connection One charging port.

[0072] The multiple charging ports are respectively located at each seat, and each charging port is equipped with a protocol identification unit and a power conversion unit. The protocol identification unit is connected to the connection port of the corresponding interface and is used to detect the device access status and obtain the protocol handshake request power of the connected device according to the charging protocol handshake process. The system determines the device type and obtains the battery state of charge of the connected device via a charging protocol communication link. The power conversion unit is a controlled DC-DC converter, whose input end is connected to the power supply bus and whose output end is connected to the corresponding interface connection port, and is used to output charging power to the corresponding device according to the power command issued by the power distribution controller.

[0073] The detection module includes current sensors installed at the output terminals of each interface and a bus current sensor installed on the busbar, for real-time acquisition of the output current of each interface. With the total current of the busbar and the battery state of charge of each interface. Report to the power distribution controller together; the sampling period of each sensor should not exceed [a certain value]. .

[0074] The power distribution controller is connected to the protocol identification unit, power conversion unit, and detection module of each interface, and serves as the core of the system's operation and control. The power distribution controller operates according to the priority level of each interface. With charge decay factor Calculate the assigned weights Calculate the required power based on the protocol handshake request power of each interface and the single-port power limit. When the sum of the power requirements of all interfaces does not exceed the total allocable power. Full allocation is made on demand, when the sum of the power requirements of all interfaces exceeds [a certain threshold]. Iteratively and restrictively allocate each interface according to the aforementioned weights to obtain the desired result. and Allocate power to each interface target; and according to After transient smoothing and speed limiting of the target power allocation, the power is output to the corresponding device via the power conversion units of each interface. The power allocation controller operates on a control cycle. ( The allocation results are updated periodically.

[0075] The overcurrent protection module is connected to the detection module and the power conversion unit, and is used to output current at any interface. Exceeding its overcurrent protection threshold At that time, the target power allocated to the interface is multiplied by the backoff factor. ( Reduce; in the total bus current Exceeding the bus overcurrent threshold At that time, the target power allocation for all interfaces is synchronously multiplied by the bus back-off coefficient. ( The settings are adjusted downwards to protect the interface devices and the power supply bus.

[0076] During system operation, each protocol identification unit and detection module collects device protocol information, battery state of charge, interface current, and bus current in real time and reports them to the power distribution controller. Based on this, the power distribution controller performs allocation weight calculation, iterative constrained allocation, and transient smoothing according to the method described in Embodiment 1, and sends power commands to each power conversion unit for execution. The overcurrent protection module triggers power back-off under abnormal operating conditions. All modules work collaboratively to achieve adaptive power allocation of the cabin seat charging interface under bus power constraints.

[0077] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive power allocation method for a cabin seat charging interface, characterized in that, The cabin seat charging system includes a power supply bus constrained by total power and multiple charging ports powered by the bus. The method includes the following steps performed sequentially: Step S1: Real-time detection of the access status and device protocol information of each charging interface; obtaining the protocol handshake request power, device type and current battery charge status of each connected device; and determining the priority level of each interface based on the device type. Step S2: For each connected device, calculate the charge decay factor based on its current battery state of charge. The charge decay factor decreases as the state of charge increases. Combine the priority level with the charge decay factor to obtain the allocation weight of each interface. Step S3: Take the smaller value between the protocol handshake request power of each interface and the single-port power limit of that interface, and use it as the required power of that interface. When the sum of the power requirements of all interfaces does not exceed the total allocable power of the power supply bus, the power is allocated in full according to the power requirements of each interface. When the sum of the power requirements of all interfaces exceeds the total allocable power of the power supply bus, the interfaces are iteratively and restrictively allocated based on the allocation weight, so that the allocated power does not exceed the power required by each interface and the sum of the allocated power of all interfaces is equal to the total allocable power. Step S4: Perform transient smoothing and speed limiting processing on the target power allocation of each interface obtained in step S3, so that the change in the actual output power of each interface between adjacent control cycles does not exceed the set upper limit of the power change rate, and then output the smoothed power to the corresponding device through the power conversion unit of each interface. Step S5: During the charging process, monitor the output current of each interface and the total bus current in real time. When the output current of any interface exceeds its overcurrent protection threshold or the total bus current exceeds the bus overcurrent threshold, perform power back-off on the corresponding interface or all interfaces. The process periodically returns to step S1, and steps S2 to S5 are re-executed based on changes in device access and state of charge updates to achieve adaptive dynamic allocation of charging power.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the cabin seat charging system is equipped with a total of The first charging port, the second Each interface corresponds to the current battery charge state of the connected device. ( , Then the charge decay factor of the interface is... Determined by the following formula: ;in, The charge decay index has a range of values. , The larger the value, the faster the distribution tendency of the high-charge state equipment decays; when the first When no device is connected to the interface, take .

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the first Weight allocation for each interface Based on the priority level of this interface With charge decay factor Based on comprehensive assessment: ;in, For the first The priority level of the first interface is a positive integer, with larger values ​​indicating higher priority, determined by the device type according to a preset mapping relationship; when the first... When no device is connected to the interface, take .

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S3, the first Power requirement for each interface Power request via protocol handshake of this interface With respect to the single-port power limit of this interface Take the smaller value to determine: ; Let the total distributable power of the power supply bus be . When satisfied At that time, the target power allocation for each interface is taken as follows: That is, the power is allocated in full according to demand.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, when At that time, each interface is iteratively and restrictively allocated according to the allocated weight. The iterative process is as follows: Let the set of uncapped interfaces be... Initialize to all connected interfaces, remaining allocable power Initialize to Power has been allocated to each interface. Initialize to In each iteration, the set Power is allocated to each interface within the interface according to its weight ratio. ; If an interface exists that satisfies... Then the power allocation for this type of interface will be capped at 1. Remove it from the set and update the remaining allocable power to Then proceed to the next iteration, in which, For all that do not belong to the set The sum of the allocated power of the interfaces; If set There is no content that satisfies The interface then allocates all remaining allocable power to the set according to the weighted proportions. Each internal interface, i.e., command The iteration ends; after the iteration, the target power allocation for each interface meets the requirements. and .

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, transient smoothing and speed limiting are performed on the power allocated to each interface target, and the control cycle number is recorded as follows. , No. The interface in the first Actual output power per control cycle Determined recursively by the following formula: ;in, For the first The interface in the first The target power allocation for each control cycle is obtained from step S3; This represents the actual output power of the previous control cycle; This represents the upper limit of the allowable power change rate between adjacent control cycles, in units of ;function Indicates will Limited to the interval within, that is .

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, the first The overcurrent back-off of each interface is executed according to the following formula: when the measured output current of the interface... Exceeding its overcurrent protection threshold At that time, the target power allocated to the interface is multiplied by the backoff factor. To lower, that is Among them, the backoff coefficient satisfy When the measured total current of the busbar Exceeding the bus overcurrent threshold At that time, the target power allocation for all interfaces is synchronously multiplied by the bus back-off coefficient. That is, for all implement The bus back-off coefficient Determined by the following formula: In the formula For the safety margin coefficient, satisfying .

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method also includes the utilization rate of bus power in a single allocation. With distributional fairness indicators Evaluation: Bus power utilization rate The Janssen equity index was used as the indicator for allocation fairness. In the formula For the first The requirement fulfillment rate of each interface For the first The actual output power of each interface For the first The power requirement of each interface; the allocation fairness index satisfy , The closer This indicates a more balanced fulfillment rate of requirements across all interfaces.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, the access status of each charging interface and the protocol handshake request power are... The battery state of charge is obtained through the protocol identification unit of the corresponding interface according to the charging protocol handshake process. The voltage is obtained by the device reporting via the charging protocol communication link or by estimating the output voltage and charging curve of this interface, with a sampling period not exceeding [a certain value]. The control cycle of the periodic return step S1 satisfy And the upper limit of the rate of change of power With control cycle The ratio satisfies In the formula The maximum allowable rate of power change of the system, in units of .

10. An adaptive power distribution system for a passenger cabin seat charging interface, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, and the system includes: a power supply bus, multiple charging interfaces, a detection module, a power distribution controller, and an overcurrent protection module; The power supply bus is used to supply power to multiple charging interfaces with a total power that is subject to a total power constraint. Each of the plurality of charging interfaces is configured with a protocol identification unit and a power conversion unit. The protocol identification unit is used to detect the device access status, obtain the protocol handshake request power and the battery state of charge. The power conversion unit is used to output to the corresponding device according to the allocated power. The detection module is used to collect the output current of each interface, the total bus current, and the battery state of charge of each interface in real time. The power distribution controller is connected to the protocol identification unit, the power conversion unit, and the detection module respectively. It is used to calculate the allocation weight according to the priority level and charge attenuation factor of each interface, and when the sum of the power demand of all interfaces exceeds the total allocable power, it performs iterative limited allocation of each interface according to the allocation weight to obtain the target allocated power of each interface. After transient smoothing and speed limiting processing of the target allocated power, it is output through the power conversion unit. The overcurrent protection module is connected to the detection module and the power conversion unit, and is used to perform power back-off on the corresponding interface or all interfaces when the output current of any interface exceeds its overcurrent protection threshold, or the total bus current exceeds the bus overcurrent threshold.

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