An inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on halbach coil array

Abstract

An inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array is disclosed, aiming to address the low overall energy storage density and power density issues of existing air-core pulse generators. The invention uses a rotating shaft as the rotation center, with a rotor yoke fixedly mounted on the shaft and rotating synchronously with it. An air gap is provided between the rotor yoke and the stator yoke. Phase A armature windings and phase B armature windings are alternately arranged circumferentially on the rotor yoke, with a 90-degree electrical angle difference between the two sets of windings. The stator yoke is fixed to the teeth of the stator, with a radial main excitation coil and a tangential auxiliary excitation coil wound on the stator yoke, forming a Halbach coil array. An excitation circuit is connected in parallel across the excitation windings. The excitation windings are connected to the excitation rectifier circuit. The phase A armature windings and phase B armature windings are respectively connected to the excitation rectifier circuit and the discharge rectifier circuit. The discharge rectifier circuit is connected to an external load. The beneficial effect is improved overall energy storage density and power density of the pulse generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an inertial energy storage power source. Background Technology

[0002] Air-Core Pulsed Alternator (APA), as a core representative of inertial energy storage pulse power supply, relies on advantages such as high energy storage density, high power density, compact structure, and short-time high power output. It is a key energy supply device in fields such as electromagnetic propulsion, power supply for special equipment, metal pulse forming, environmental protection and medical pulse equipment, and has irreplaceable engineering application value.

[0003] APA operates on the principle of flux compression. During discharge, the armature winding and flux compensation element work together to momentarily confine the main flux within a narrow space between them, significantly reducing the transient equivalent inductance of the armature winding and thus enabling rapid release of high-amplitude pulse currents in the hundreds of kiloamperes. A hollow, ferromagnetic-free magnetic field environment is a core prerequisite for achieving ultra-low inductance and high-efficiency pulse discharge, but it also presents multiple technical challenges, including rapid establishment of a strong magnetic field, excitation energy regulation, and suppression of external electromagnetic interference.

[0004] Currently, APA excitation technology is mainly divided into two routes: permanent magnet excitation and electric excitation. Permanent magnet excitation uses sintered NdFeB and other permanent magnets to construct a constant magnetic field. The process is simple and there is no excitation loss. However, it is limited by the intrinsic properties of the materials: the remanence of existing commercial permanent magnets is only 1.4T~1.5T, which is difficult to meet the requirements of ultra-high magnetic field scenarios. At the same time, permanent magnets have low mechanical strength and are prone to operating point shift and irreversible demagnetization under high temperature, strong magnetic shock, and high-speed centrifugal load. This results in the power level of permanent magnet excitation APAs being limited and the reliability being insufficient, making it difficult to adapt to high-power engineering applications.

[0005] The electric excitation scheme achieves active control of the magnetic field through a self-excited magnetic circuit. The armature winding, excitation winding, and external rectifier and inverter circuits form a closed-loop electromagnetic energy management system. Relying on the positive feedback mechanism, a 4T~5T high air gap magnetic field can be established in milliseconds. At the same time, the generation of excitation energy, pulse release and magnetic energy recovery are fully controllable, making it the mainstream technology direction for high-power APAs.

[0006] In engineering deployments, the APA (Automatic Power Acquisition System) needs to densely integrate measurement and control units such as data acquisition, power electronic conversion, and closed-loop control. During APA operation, the internal instantaneous strong magnetic field diffuses outward, causing strong electromagnetic interference to surrounding electronic equipment, leading to measurement and control system failure and device malfunction. Existing solutions use highly conductive metals such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy to form a closed housing, relying on the eddy current effect to achieve electromagnetic shielding. However, this method has inherent drawbacks: the eddy currents within the shielded housing have a significant damping effect on magnetic field changes, greatly reducing the self-excitation magnetic velocity and prolonging the magnetic field settling time; if the distance between the housing and the winding is reduced, the damping effect is exacerbated, further reducing the excitation efficiency; if the housing radius is increased to weaken the damping, it will lead to an increase in the amount of stator yoke and shielding housing used, increasing the size and weight of the equipment, and significantly reducing the overall energy storage density and power density. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of low overall energy storage density and low power density of existing air-core pulse generators, and to propose an inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array.

[0008] The present invention discloses an inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array, comprising a stator, a rotor, and a working circuit.

[0009] The rotor includes an A-phase armature winding, a B-phase armature winding, a rotor yoke, and a shaft; the shaft serves as the center of rotation, and the rotor yoke is fixedly mounted on the shaft and rotates synchronously with it.

[0010] The stator includes an excitation winding and a stator yoke;

[0011] An air gap is provided between the rotor yoke and the stator yoke;

[0012] The A-phase armature winding and the B-phase armature winding are wound on the rotor yoke in an alternating circumferential arrangement, and the ends of the A-phase armature winding and the ends of the B-phase armature winding overlap, with the two overlapping windings differing from each other by 90 electrical degrees.

[0013] The excitation winding has two pole pairs, and each pole contains one set of radial main excitation coils and two sets of tangential auxiliary excitation coils. The radial main excitation coils are arranged circumferentially along the stator yoke, and the two sets of tangential auxiliary excitation coils are located between two adjacent sets of radial main excitation coils, together forming a Halbach coil array. The radial main excitation coils are used to generate a radial magnetic field, and the tangential auxiliary excitation coils are used to generate a tangential magnetic field.

[0014] The working circuit includes an excitation circuit, an excitation rectifier circuit, and a discharge rectifier circuit.

[0015] The excitation circuit is connected in parallel across the excitation winding to provide the initial excitation current to the excitation winding;

[0016] The two ends of the excitation winding are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the DC side of the excitation rectifier circuit, respectively; one end of the A-phase armature winding is connected to one end of the AC side of the excitation rectifier circuit, and one end of the B-phase armature winding is connected to the other end of the AC side of the excitation rectifier circuit; the other end of the A-phase armature winding is connected to one end of the AC side of the discharge rectifier circuit, and the other end of the B-phase armature winding is connected to the other end of the AC side of the discharge rectifier circuit; the DC side of the discharge rectifier circuit is used to supply power to the load.

[0017] Furthermore, this also includes brush slip rings;

[0018] The brush slip ring is assembled at the end of the rotating shaft; the brush slip ring electrically connects the A-phase armature winding and B-phase armature winding that rotate with the rotor to the stationary excitation rectifier circuit and discharge rectifier circuit.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes rotor straps;

[0020] The rotor straps are used to fix the A-phase armature winding and the B-phase armature winding to the rotor yoke.

[0021] Furthermore, this also includes the casing;

[0022] The housing is a cylindrical shielding housing, which is fitted on the outside of the stator yoke and encloses the stator, rotor, A-phase armature winding, B-phase armature winding, excitation winding, rotor yoke, stator yoke and shaft.

[0023] Furthermore, this also includes bearings;

[0024] The shaft is supported on the housing by bearings. The inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the shaft, and the outer ring is fixedly fitted with the housing, thus achieving rotational support of the shaft relative to the housing.

[0025] Furthermore, both the rotor yoke and the stator yoke are made of carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material.

[0026] Furthermore, the excitation circuit includes an excitation capacitor and a control switch;

[0027] The excitation capacitor is connected in series with the control switch, and the control switch is a thyristor.

[0028] Furthermore, both the excitation rectifier circuit and the discharge rectifier circuit are two-phase full-bridge circuits.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. Significantly shortens the self-excitation magnetization time and improves the magnetic field establishment speed;

[0031] By employing a Halbach coil array excitation winding, in conjunction with the radial main excitation coil and the tangential auxiliary excitation coil, the establishment time of the preset intensity magnetic field is shortened by 23.16%, significantly improving the response speed and working efficiency of the pulse power supply.

[0032] 2. Increase the peak value of the pulse discharge current to enhance output capability;

[0033] Under the premise that the no-load back EMF is basically the same, the peak value of the load pulse current is increased by 5.26%, which can output a higher amplitude pulse current to meet the needs of high-power pulse applications such as electromagnetic propulsion and industrial molding.

[0034] 3. Significantly reduces eddy current losses in the casing and improves energy utilization;

[0035] The excitation winding itself forms the first layer of electromagnetic shielding, effectively confining the radial magnetic field between the excitation winding and the armature winding, reducing the eddy current loss of the casing during the pulse discharge stage by 66.15%, and significantly reducing the energy loss of the shielding layer.

[0036] 4. Optimize the internal magnetic field distribution to enhance the magnetic flux compression effect;

[0037] By coordinating the tangential auxiliary excitation coil with the radial main excitation coil, the internal magnetic field distribution of the motor is improved, the instantaneous equivalent inductance of the armature winding is further reduced, the magnetic flux compression effect is enhanced, and the overall discharge performance of the air-core pulse generator is improved.

[0038] 5. Balancing electromagnetic shielding with structural compactness to improve power density;

[0039] While ensuring strong electromagnetic shielding, there is no need to reduce eddy current damping by increasing the casing radius, thus avoiding waste of stator yoke and casing materials, making the device structure more compact and significantly improving energy storage density and power density.

[0040] 6. Excitation intensity and energy flow are controllable, resulting in higher operational stability;

[0041] By adopting a self-excited magnetic positive feedback loop, a high air gap magnetic field of 4T~5T can be quickly established, and the generation, release and recovery of excitation energy can be controlled throughout the entire process, overcoming the defects of permanent magnet excitation such as easy demagnetization and insufficient strength. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array, as described in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the winding method of the excitation winding and the armature winding in the first specific implementation method;

[0044] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the current flow of the excitation winding in Specific Implementation Method 1; where FP is the positive direction of the radial main excitation coil; FN is the negative direction of the radial main excitation coil; fP is the positive direction of the tangential auxiliary excitation coil; and fN is the negative direction of the tangential auxiliary excitation coil.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the current flow of the armature winding in Specific Implementation Method 1; where AP is the positive direction of the A-phase armature winding; AN is the negative direction of the A-phase armature winding; BP is the positive direction of the B-phase armature winding; and BN is the negative direction of the B-phase armature winding.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the key design parameters of the excitation winding in Specific Implementation Method 1;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the working circuit in Specific Implementation Method 1;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the changes in excitation winding current, two-phase armature winding current, and load current during the two working stages of self-excitation magnetization and pulse discharge in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a magnetic field distribution diagram at a certain moment of discharge in the conventional design scheme of the existing implementation method 1.

[0050] Figure 9 This is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Halbach coil array at a certain moment during discharge in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0051] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the eddy current distribution on the casing at a certain moment during discharge in the conventional design scheme of the first specific implementation method.

[0052] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the eddy current distribution on the casing at a certain moment during the discharge of the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Halbach coil array in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0053] In the diagram, 1 is the A-phase armature winding; 2 is the B-phase armature winding; 3 is the radial main excitation coil; 4 is the tangential auxiliary excitation coil; 5 is the rotor yoke; 6 is the rotor strap; 7 is the stator yoke; 8 is the housing; 9 is the shaft; 10 is the brush slip ring; and 11 is the bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0054] Specific Implementation Method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 11 This embodiment describes an inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array, which includes a stator, a rotor, and a working circuit.

[0055] The rotor includes an A-phase armature winding 1, a B-phase armature winding 2, a rotor yoke 5, and a rotating shaft 9; the rotating shaft 9 serves as the rotation center, and the rotor yoke 5 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 9 and rotates synchronously with it.

[0056] The stator includes an excitation winding and a stator yoke 7;

[0057] An air gap is provided between the rotor yoke 5 and the stator yoke 7;

[0058] The A-phase armature winding 1 and the B-phase armature winding 2 are wound on the rotor yoke 5 in an alternating circumferential arrangement, and the ends of the A-phase armature winding 1 and the B-phase armature winding 2 overlap, with the two overlapping windings differing from each other by 90 electrical degrees.

[0059] The excitation winding has two pole pairs, and each pole contains one set of radial main excitation coils 3 and two sets of tangential auxiliary excitation coils 4. The radial main excitation coils 3 are arranged circumferentially along the stator yoke 7, and the two sets of tangential auxiliary excitation coils 4 are located between two adjacent sets of radial main excitation coils 3, together forming a Halbach coil array. The radial main excitation coils 3 are used to generate a radial magnetic field, and the tangential auxiliary excitation coils 4 are used to generate a tangential magnetic field.

[0060] The working circuit includes an excitation circuit, an excitation rectifier circuit, and a discharge rectifier circuit.

[0061] The excitation circuit is connected in parallel across the excitation winding to provide the initial excitation current to the excitation winding;

[0062] The two ends of the excitation winding are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the DC side of the excitation rectifier circuit, respectively; one end of phase A armature winding 1 is connected to one end of the AC side of the excitation rectifier circuit, and one end of phase B armature winding 2 is connected to the other end of the AC side of the excitation rectifier circuit; the other end of phase A armature winding 1 is connected to one end of the AC side of the discharge rectifier circuit, and the other end of phase B armature winding 2 is connected to the other end of the AC side of the discharge rectifier circuit; the DC side of the discharge rectifier circuit is used to supply power to the load.

[0063] In this embodiment, the stator yoke 7 needs to be designed with a high-strength support frame according to the shape of the excitation winding, which serves to bear the weight of the excitation winding itself and buffer the electromagnetic force impact of the excitation winding; the rotor yoke 5 is a multi-layer interference nested structure, which is the main structure for storing inertial energy. Two-phase armature windings are arranged on the rotor side, and single-phase excitation windings and electromagnetic shielding housing 8 are arranged on the stator side. Since the armature windings are arranged on the rotor side, according to the design principle of high-speed energy storage flywheel structure, the armature windings should be made of low-density, high-strength metals, such as aluminum alloys. At the same time, considering the problem of suppressing AC losses of the windings in the air core magnetic field, the armature windings should be formed by winding with Litz wire. Taking into account the current carrying capacity and performance indicators such as volume and weight of the windings, the excitation windings on the stator side can be made of copper or aluminum alloy. In view of the possible stress rebound problem after the windings are bent, a processing technology of using a whole metal blank to form concentric or helical coils by CNC milling and then assembling them on the stator yoke 7 can be considered. Unlike conventional APA solutions that rely solely on the casing to form an electromagnetic shielding layer, in this embodiment, the special design of the excitation winding forms the first electromagnetic shielding layer for the internal impact magnetic field of the APA, thereby improving the compactness of the APA structure and reducing the electromagnetic energy loss caused by changes in the main magnetic field on the casing shielding layer.

[0064] For the design of the excitation winding, the radial main excitation coil 3 and the tangential auxiliary excitation coil 4 are connected in parallel. In the four poles, there are a total of four sets of radial main excitation coils 3 that generate the radial magnetic field and eight sets of tangential auxiliary excitation coils 4 that generate the tangential magnetic field. Through comprehensive optimization of key parameters such as the shape, size, number of turns, and spatial arrangement angle of the coils, a good magnetic shielding effect is achieved, improving the effective utilization of the excitation magnetic field. Figure 5 The figure shows the dimensional parameters of the radial main excitation coil 3 involved in the optimization, including the number of turns N of the main magnetic field coil. F Position radius r F Position angle θ F1 Dimensions and angles θ F2 The corresponding tangential auxiliary excitation coil 4 parameters are the number of turns N of the auxiliary coil. Ff Width b Ff Thickness d Ff Height h Ff Position radius r Ff Position angle θ Ff1 Inclination angle θ Ff2After the rotor described in this embodiment is driven to the preset speed by the prime mover, the control switch is closed to inject current into the excitation winding through the excitation capacitor, forming an initial excitation magnetic field. At this time, the armature winding will induce a back electromotive force, which feeds energy back to the excitation winding through the rectifier circuit. The increase in excitation current strengthens the induced electromotive force in the armature winding, and thereafter the energy feed from the armature winding increases, forming positive feedback. The rotor's mechanical energy is converted into the electromagnetic energy of the APA. Since the permeability of the hollow core material is constant, the power device needs to be manually turned off after the excitation current reaches the preset value. After the excitation rectifier circuit device is turned off, the discharge rectifier circuit is immediately turned on. In the APA application scenario, the load impedance value is generally small, and the armature winding is almost in a short-circuit state during the discharge stage. After the discharge is completed, the firing angle of the excitation rectifier circuit device is controlled to make it work in active inverter mode. The APA switches from generator mode to motor mode, recovering the remaining magnetic energy of the excitation winding to the rotor inertial energy storage. The working principle of the working circuit described in this embodiment is as follows. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the changes in excitation winding current, two-phase armature winding current, and load current are illustrated in the figure during the two working stages of self-excitation magnetization and pulse discharge.

[0065] Table 1 shows the simulation results of the main APA performance of the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Harbach coil array described in this embodiment and the conventional design scheme. The inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Harbach coil array described in this embodiment uses the exact same armature winding parameters as the conventional design scheme. The excitation winding parameters are adjusted so that the armature winding no-load back EMF amplitude is similar when reaching the excitation endpoint, in order to examine the impact of the novel excitation winding design on APA performance. From the perspective of self-excitation magnetic performance, the preset intensity magnetic field establishment time of the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Harbach coil array described in this embodiment is reduced by 23.16% compared to the conventional scheme. From the perspective of discharge performance, the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Harbach coil array described in this embodiment increases the peak load current by 5.26% when the no-load back EMF is slightly lower than that of the conventional design scheme by 0.12%.

[0066] Table 1. Simulation results of the main performance of the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Halbach coil array described in this embodiment compared with the conventional design scheme:

[0067]

[0068] like Figure 8 and Figure 9The figures show the magnetic field distribution inside the motor at a certain moment during the load discharge phase, respectively, for the conventional APA design and the APA design of this embodiment. Compared to the conventional design, the magnetic field distribution inside the motor is significantly altered due to the inclusion of a tangential auxiliary excitation coil 4 in this embodiment. A considerable portion of the radial magnetic field that should have acted on the casing 8 is now re-confined to the effective region between the excitation winding and the armature winding. This helps to further enhance the APA flux compression effect, which is a key factor in further reducing the instantaneous equivalent inductance of the armature winding and thus improving the APA discharge capability.

[0069] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 The figure shows the eddy current loss distribution of the casing in both the conventional APA design and the APA of this embodiment at a certain moment during the discharge phase. It can be seen that the tangential auxiliary excitation coil 4, by adjusting the radial magnetic field component acting on the electromagnetic shield casing 8, changes the amplitude and distribution area of ​​the eddy currents in casing 8, significantly reducing the energy loss in casing 8 during APA operation. Simulation results show that during the pulse discharge phase, the eddy current loss of the casing in this embodiment is reduced by 66.15% compared to the conventional design.

[0070] Therefore, the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Harbach coil array described in this embodiment employs a two-phase four-pole Harbach coil array, with two sets of radial main coils 3 and four sets of tangential auxiliary coils 4 configured for each pair of poles, achieving magnetic field directional enhancement and internal magnetic shielding, significantly improving excitation efficiency. The excitation winding and armature winding are arranged radially coaxially with an air gap, strengthening the magnetic flux compression effect, reducing the transient equivalent inductance of the armature winding, and improving pulse discharge capability. The excitation circuit, excitation rectifier circuit, and discharge rectifier circuit work in tandem, achieving full controllability of self-excitation magnetization, pulse discharge, and energy recovery, resulting in higher operational stability. The stator yoke 7 and rotor yoke 5 adopt a non-magnetic, non-electric high-strength structure, avoiding ferromagnetic losses and eddy current damping, and improving energy utilization.

[0071] Specific Implementation Method 2: This implementation method further defines the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array described in Specific Implementation Method 1. In this implementation method, a brush slip ring 10 is also included.

[0072] The brush slip ring 10 is assembled at the end of the rotating shaft 9; the brush slip ring 10 electrically connects the A-phase armature winding 1 and the B-phase armature winding 2, which rotate with the rotor, to the stationary excitation rectifier circuit and discharge rectifier circuit.

[0073] In this embodiment, a reliable electrical connection between the rotating armature winding and the stationary circuit is achieved through the brush slip ring 10, ensuring stable current transmission under high-speed rotation. This avoids direct connection of flexible wires to rotating components, eliminating the risk of winding and breakage, and improving the reliability and lifespan of the device during high-speed operation. It also ensures continuous and stable operation of the self-excited magnetic positive feedback and pulse discharge circuits, without interruption or arcing.

[0074] Specific Implementation Method 3: This implementation method further defines the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Halbach coil array described in Specific Implementation Method 1. In this implementation method, a rotor strap 6 is also included.

[0075] The rotor strap 6 is used to fix the A-phase armature winding 1 and the B-phase armature winding 2 to the rotor yoke 5.

[0076] In this embodiment, the rotor strap 6 firmly binds the armature winding to the rotor yoke 5, allowing it to withstand the impact of high-speed centrifugal force and electromagnetic force. This prevents displacement and deformation of the armature winding, ensures uniform air gap and stable magnetic field, and improves the operational safety of the device. It also enhances the overall structural integrity of the rotor, making it suitable for high-speed, high-power, and high-impact pulse conditions.

[0077] Specific Implementation Method Four: This implementation method further defines the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Halbach coil array described in Specific Implementation Method One. In this implementation method, it also includes a housing 8.

[0078] The housing 8 is a cylindrical shielding housing. The housing 8 is fitted on the radial outside of the stator yoke 7, and encloses the stator, rotor, A-phase armature winding 1, B-phase armature winding 2, excitation winding, rotor yoke 5, stator yoke 7 and rotating shaft 9.

[0079] In this embodiment, the housing 8 serves as the outer electromagnetic shield, preventing the leakage of the internal strong magnetic field and protecting external measurement and control equipment from interference. Combined with the Halbach coil array, it forms a double-layer shield, significantly reducing eddy current losses in the housing and improving overall efficiency. This creates a closed protective structure, preventing dust and mechanical impacts, and improving the device's environmental adaptability and engineering practicality.

[0080] Specific Implementation Method 5: This implementation method further defines the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array described in Specific Implementation Method 4. In this implementation method, a bearing 11 is also included.

[0081] The rotating shaft 9 is supported on the housing 8 by the bearing 11. The inner ring of the bearing 11 is interference-fitted with the rotating shaft 9, and the outer ring is fixedly fitted with the housing 8, so as to realize the rotational support of the rotating shaft 9 relative to the housing 8.

[0082] In this embodiment, the bearing 11 provides low-friction, high-precision rotational support between the shaft 9 and the housing 8, reducing mechanical losses. It ensures stable radial centering of the rotor, uniform air gap, and avoids rotor rubbing, vibration, and noise. It supports the high-speed rotation of the shaft 9, improving the stability, reliability, and service life of the device.

[0083] Specific Implementation Method Six: This implementation method further defines the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on the Halbach coil array described in Specific Implementation Method One. In this implementation method, both the rotor yoke 5 and the stator yoke 7 are made of carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material.

[0084] In this embodiment, both the rotor yoke 5 and the stator yoke 7 are constructed from materials with high structural strength, such as carbon fiber composites and glass fiber composites, which are non-magnetic and non-conductive. The non-magnetic and non-conductive nature of these materials fundamentally eliminates ferromagnetic losses and eddy current damping, resulting in faster excitation speeds. The high strength and low density meet the requirements of high-speed rotation and strong impact conditions, making the structure more reliable; the reduced overall weight increases energy storage density and power density, making the device more compact and lightweight.

[0085] Specific Implementation Method Seven: This implementation method further defines the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array described in Specific Implementation Method One. In this implementation method, the excitation circuit includes an excitation capacitor and a control switch.

[0086] The excitation capacitor is connected in series with the control switch, and the control switch is a thyristor.

[0087] In this embodiment, the excitation capacitor provides a stable and rapid initial excitation current, ensuring reliable excitation. The thyristor switch has a fast response, high withstand voltage, and large current capacity, making it suitable for high-power pulsed applications. This achieves precise and controllable initial excitation, improving the success rate and consistency of self-excited magnetic start-up.

[0088] Specific Implementation Method Eight: This implementation method further defines the inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array described in Specific Implementation Method One. In this implementation method, both the excitation rectifier circuit and the discharge rectifier circuit are two-phase full-bridge circuits.

[0089] In this embodiment, the two-phase full-bridge circuit has high rectification efficiency and stable output, and is compatible with the output of two-phase armature windings; the positive feedback excitation is faster, and the magnetic field establishment speed is significantly improved; the discharge rectifier circuit has a large output current and small ripple, which improves the amplitude and stability of the pulse current; the circuit structure is mature, has few components, and high reliability, making it easy to implement in engineering.

[0090] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array, comprising a stator, a rotor, and a working circuit; The rotor includes an A-phase armature winding (1), a B-phase armature winding (2), a rotor yoke (5), and a rotating shaft (9); the rotating shaft (9) serves as the rotation center, and the rotor yoke (5) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (9) and rotates synchronously with it; The stator includes an excitation winding and a stator yoke (7); An air gap is provided between the rotor yoke (5) and the stator yoke (7); Its features are, The A-phase armature winding (1) and the B-phase armature winding (2) are wound on the rotor yoke (5) in an alternating manner along the circumference, and the ends of the A-phase armature winding (1) and the B-phase armature winding (2) overlap, with the two overlapping windings differing from each other by 90 electrical degrees. The excitation winding has two pole pairs, and each pole contains a set of radial main excitation coils (3) and two sets of tangential auxiliary excitation coils (4). The radial main excitation coils (3) are arranged circumferentially along the stator yoke (7), and the two sets of tangential auxiliary excitation coils (4) are located between two adjacent radial main excitation coils (3), together forming a Halbach coil array. The radial main excitation coils (3) are used to generate a radial magnetic field, and the tangential auxiliary excitation coils (4) are used to generate a tangential magnetic field. The working circuit includes an excitation circuit, an excitation rectifier circuit, and a discharge rectifier circuit. The excitation circuit is connected in parallel across the excitation winding to provide the initial excitation current to the excitation winding; The two ends of the excitation winding are connected to the positive and negative poles of the DC side of the excitation rectifier circuit, respectively; one end of the A-phase armature winding (1) is connected to one end of the AC side of the excitation rectifier circuit, and one end of the B-phase armature winding (2) is connected to the other end of the AC side of the excitation rectifier circuit; the other end of the A-phase armature winding (1) is connected to one end of the AC side of the discharge rectifier circuit, and the other end of the B-phase armature winding (2) is connected to the other end of the AC side of the discharge rectifier circuit; the DC side of the discharge rectifier circuit is used to supply power to the load.

2. The inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a brush slip ring (10); The brush slip ring (10) is assembled at the end of the rotating shaft (9); the A-phase armature winding (1) and the B-phase armature winding (2) are electrically connected to the stationary excitation rectifier circuit and discharge rectifier circuit through the brush slip ring (10).

3. The inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes rotor straps (6); The rotor strap (6) is used to fix the A-phase armature winding (1) and the B-phase armature winding (2) on the rotor yoke (5).

4. The inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the casing (8); The housing (8) is a cylindrical shielding housing. The housing (8) is fitted on the outside of the stator yoke (7) and encloses the A-phase armature winding (1), B-phase armature winding (2), excitation winding, rotor yoke (5), stator yoke (7) and shaft (9).

5. An inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes bearings (11); The rotating shaft (9) is supported on the housing (8) by the bearing (11). The inner ring of the bearing (11) is interference-fitted with the rotating shaft (9), and the outer ring is fixedly fitted with the housing (8), so as to realize the rotational support of the rotating shaft (9) relative to the housing (8).

6. The inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the rotor yoke (5) and the stator yoke (7) are made of carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material.

7. An inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation circuit includes an excitation capacitor and a control switch; The excitation capacitor is connected in series with the control switch, and the control switch is a thyristor.

8. An inertial energy storage pulse power supply based on a Halbach coil array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the excitation rectifier circuit and the discharge rectifier circuit are two-phase full-bridge circuits.

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