Channel quality assessment method, apparatus, device, and storage medium

Abstract

This application provides a channel quality assessment method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The method includes: acquiring non-protocol energy signals within a channel and determining a first interference assessment result of the non-protocol energy signals on the channel; acquiring radio protocol messages whose receiver is not a first wireless device within the channel and extracting the message transmission parameters of the radio protocol messages; determining a second interference assessment result of the radio protocol messages on the channel based on the message transmission parameters; parsing the radio protocol messages to obtain channel access parameters of the overlapping basic service set, and determining a third interference assessment result of a second wireless device located in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device on the channel based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters; and generating a channel quality assessment result based on the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result. This application improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of channel quality assessment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a channel quality assessment method, apparatus, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication devices acting as access points (APs) or stations (STAs) typically need to assess channel quality. In related technologies, wireless devices usually evaluate the channel using methods such as carrier sensing, signal scanning, or parsing Basic Service Set Load Information (BSSLoad IE). However, scanning assessment relies on protocol support and struggles to distinguish interference sources; it is also limited by physical layer filtering and cannot detect messages whose receiver is not the local device, resulting in low accuracy in signal quality assessment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a channel quality assessment method, apparatus, electronic device, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product, which can improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of channel quality assessment.

[0004] The technical solution of this application embodiment is implemented as follows: This application provides a channel quality assessment method, applied to a first wireless device, including: Acquire non-protocol energy signals within the channel and determine the first interference assessment result of the non-protocol energy signals on the channel; Obtain wireless protocol messages in the channel whose receiver is not the first wireless device, and extract the message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol messages. Based on the message transmission parameters, a second interference assessment result of the wireless protocol message on the channel is determined; The wireless protocol message is parsed to obtain the channel access parameters of the overlapping basic service set, and based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters, the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device is determined for the channel. Based on the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result, a channel quality assessment result for the channel is generated.

[0005] This application embodiment also provides a channel quality assessment device, applied to a first wireless device, comprising: The first acquisition module is used to acquire non-protocol energy signals in the channel and determine the first interference assessment result of the non-protocol energy signals on the channel; The second acquisition module is used to acquire wireless protocol messages in the channel whose receiver is not the first wireless device, and to extract the message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol messages. The first determining module is used to determine the second interference assessment result of the wireless protocol message on the channel based on the message transmission parameters; The second determining module is used to parse the wireless protocol message to obtain the channel access parameters of the overlapping basic service set, and based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters, determine the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device for the channel. The generation module is used to generate a channel quality assessment result for the channel based on the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result.

[0006] This application also provides an electronic device, including: Memory is used to store executable instructions for a computer; The processor, when executing computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, implements the channel quality assessment method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0007] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions or computer programs, which, when executed by a processor, implement the channel quality assessment method provided in this application.

[0008] This application also provides a computer program product, including computer-executable instructions or a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the channel quality assessment method provided in this application.

[0009] The embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: by obtaining non-protocol energy signals to determine the first interference assessment result, the distinction of non-protocol interference sources is effectively realized; by obtaining wireless protocol messages from receivers that are not the first wireless device to determine the second interference assessment result, the physical layer address filtering limitation is overcome, and non-local link interference can be detected without relying on specific protocol support; further, by combining the channel access parameters parsed from the messages with the second interference assessment result, the third interference assessment result of devices within the signal detection blind zone is accurately determined, and the interference of hidden devices is successfully quantified; finally, the channel quality assessment result is generated by comprehensively considering the first, second, and third interference assessment results. Thus, through multi-dimensional accurate perception, the defects of the perception limitations of the prior art are overcome, and the accuracy and comprehensiveness of channel quality assessment are significantly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a first flowchart illustrating the channel quality assessment method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the second process of the channel quality assessment method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third process of the channel quality assessment method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the channel quality assessment method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the hidden nodes provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0011] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" mentioned above are only used to distinguish between different options and do not represent the degree of superiority or inferiority of the options or their priority in the implementation process. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0013] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0014] In the following description, the terms "first, second, third" are used merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first, second, third" may be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0015] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "module" or "unit" refer to a computer program or part of a computer program that has a predetermined function and works with other related parts to achieve a predetermined goal, and can be implemented wholly or partially using software, hardware (such as processing circuitry or memory), or a combination thereof. Similarly, a processor (or multiple processors or memory) can be used to implement one or more modules or units. Furthermore, each module or unit can be part of a larger module or unit that includes the functionality of the module or unit.

[0016] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0017] In the implementation of this application, the collection and processing of relevant data should strictly comply with the requirements of relevant laws and regulations, obtain the informed consent or separate consent of the personal information subject, and carry out subsequent data use and processing within the scope of laws and regulations and the authorization of the personal information subject.

[0018] Before providing a further detailed description of the embodiments of this application, the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained, and the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application shall be interpreted as follows.

[0019] 1) The first wireless device refers to a hardware communication entity in a wireless local area network communication architecture that has radio frequency transceiver capabilities, baseband processing capabilities, and media access control layer execution capabilities. In this application, it acts as a local execution entity for performing channel quality assessment, responsible for monitoring, scanning, and data quantization analysis of the spectrum status and communication medium occupancy status of the radio environment in which it is located, and dynamically adjusting its own channel contention parameters and transmission backoff strategies based on the final generated channel quality judgment data. In the embodiments of this application, the hardware communication entity is, for example, but not limited to, an access point device (AP) that serves as the control center in a wireless network topology architecture, or a station device (STA) that establishes a communication connection with the access point.

[0020] 2) Non-protocol energy signals refer to radio frequency electromagnetic radiation energy pulses that objectively exist within the wireless communication frequency band and whose underlying physical characteristics do not conform to the specific wireless local area network communication standard format (i.e., cannot match the standard preamble sequence). In this application, such signals are captured in real time by the underlying energy detection mechanism of the physical layer. The duration of their occupation of the channel in the time domain is directly extracted and accumulated and quantized as the basis for evaluating the interference of the channel being occupied by non-communication physical media. In the embodiments of this application, such radio frequency electromagnetic radiation includes, but is not limited to, electromagnetic leakage generated when a microwave oven is working, radio frequency signals emitted by Bluetooth devices using heterogeneous underlying communication protocols, radar signals, and other underlying electromagnetic noise that objectively exists in the environment and reaches the preset energy detection threshold.

[0021] 3) A wireless protocol message refers to a structured data unit that follows a specific wireless communication protocol specification, has a standardized frame structure definition at the physical layer and media access control layer, and is used for data payload transmission, network management, or media control between wireless communication nodes. In this application, such a data unit is captured and parsed by a first wireless device configured in listening mode. Fields such as transmission rate, received signal strength indication, bandwidth information, transmission duration of physical layer protocol data units, and network allocation vector declaration carried within it are extracted and used to comprehensively calculate and determine the radio frequency interference intensity and the actual air interface occupancy status in the time and frequency domains. In the embodiments of this application, the structured data unit is, for example, but not limited to, a request to send frame, a permission to send frame, a data packet, an acknowledgment message in the communication interaction link, or a beacon frame periodically broadcast by an external access point during the target beacon transmission time.

[0022] 4) Overlapping Basic Service Set (OBSS) refers to an independent group of external wireless local area networks that partially or completely overlap with the main wireless communication network where the first wireless device is currently located in terms of physical coverage space and radio frequency operating band. In the logical analysis stage of this application, the enhanced distributed channel access parameters issued by the network group and required to be configured and used by its connected wireless devices are extracted and analyzed by the system to objectively deduce the possible channel access strategies of the group, providing a low-level evaluation benchmark for quantifying the probability of conflict when the local device and external devices fail due to spatial topology. In the embodiments of this application, the group of architectures includes, but is not limited to, external access points deployed in adjacent office areas or adjacent floors that use the same main channel or its extended channel to cover the main channel as the network where the first wireless device is located, and all external site equipment clusters controlled and managed by them.

[0023] 5) Signal detection blind zone refers to a spatial topology area where the radio frequency (RF) transmission action at a certain physical location cannot be effectively captured and resolved by a specific receiving node due to physical spatial distance exceeding the effective listening range of the RF signal or excessive attenuation of the RF signal caused by spatial physical obstacles. In the topology analysis mechanism of this application, this spatial area is used to define the physical relationship of specific hidden nodes. When an external device is found to exist through address resolution of a one-way downlink wireless protocol message, but the uplink interference record of the device is missing in the maintained interference assessment results, it is determined that the device is in this area, and the channel collision probability caused by the first wireless device's inability to listen to the signal in this area is calculated accordingly. In the embodiments of this application, the scenario of being in this topology area is, for example, but not limited to: the first wireless device can clearly receive the downlink wireless protocol message of the external access point, but due to distance limitations, it is completely unable to detect the uplink transmission signal of the site connected to the external access point, thus forming an asymmetric listening physical isolation zone between the first wireless device and the site.

[0024] 6) A Basic Service Set (BSS) is the smallest logical organization unit in a wireless local area network (WLAN) that consists of a specific access point and a group of associated sites, and has a unified logical identification. In this application, it serves as a logical benchmark for defining the network affiliation of the first wireless device. It is used to distinguish the captured wireless protocol messages during channel monitoring into legitimate communication traffic within the network and interference traffic from overlapping external BSSs, thereby assisting in accurately quantifying the channel contention load within the network and identifying the corresponding communication node topology. In the embodiments of this application, this organization unit is, for example, but not limited to, a wireless communication network conforming to the IEEE 802.11 protocol family standard, consisting of a wireless access point sharing the same BSS identifier and a series of site devices managed by it.

[0025] This application provides a channel quality assessment method, apparatus, electronic device, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product, which can improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of channel quality assessment. The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail based on the above description of the terms and concepts used in the embodiments.

[0026] The channel quality assessment method provided in the embodiments of this application is described below. The channel quality assessment method provided in the embodiments of this application is applied to a first wireless device; see [link to documentation]. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a first flowchart illustrating the channel quality assessment method provided in this application embodiment. The channel quality assessment method provided in this application embodiment includes: Step 101: Obtain the non-protocol energy signal within the channel and determine the first interference assessment result of the non-protocol energy signal on the channel.

[0027] Here, non-protocol energy signals refer to electromagnetic energy existing within the wireless communication frequency band that does not conform to the physical layer characteristics of a specific wireless LAN protocol. Their sources include, but are not limited to, microwave ovens, Bluetooth devices, radar signals, or other non-communication electromagnetic radiation sources. The first interference assessment result refers to a quantitative measure of the occupancy of wireless channel resources by such non-protocol energy signals, typically expressed as the duration over which non-protocol energy signals continuously occupy the channel within a specific observation period.

[0028] In the specific implementation process, the channel (working or non-working channel) is scanned in real time using the physical layer's energy detection mechanism to identify non-protocol energy signals present in the channel. Subsequently, the distribution characteristics of the non-protocol energy signals in the time domain are statistically analyzed to determine the first interference assessment result of the non-protocol energy signals on the channel. It should be noted that the energy detection mechanism typically only detects the distribution of radio frequency energy intensity within the channel and cannot distinguish which physical device the non-protocol energy signal originates from. In contrast, through the deep analysis of coexistence packet capture described in subsequent step 102, the topological source of wireless LAN (such as WiFi) interference signals of different intensities can be qualitatively analyzed to a certain extent, thereby providing a precise basis for subsequent adjustments to communication parameters such as signal transmission power and backoff strategies to reasonably avoid interference.

[0029] Specifically, using the energy detection threshold in the idle channel assessment mechanism provided by the physical layer, signals with energy levels exceeding a preset threshold and unable to match the wireless protocol preamble are identified as non-protocol energy signals. For each identified non-protocol energy signal, the duration of its single occurrence is recorded, and the durations of multiple occurrences are accumulated within a preset statistical period to generate the channel occupancy duration of the non-protocol energy signal, which serves as the first interference assessment result. Furthermore, if the hardware solution supports multi-level energy gradient identification, the occupancy durations corresponding to non-protocol energy signals in different signal strength ranges can be statistically analyzed separately to achieve a more granular quantitative assessment of the channel's electromagnetic environment. The acquisition of non-protocol energy signals can be performed on the working channel of the first wireless device while it is in normal communication service, or the physical layer can be switched to a non-working channel by a detection control strategy. The device stays on the non-working channel for a preset duration (such as tens of milliseconds) to conduct short-term detection to identify adjacent-channel non-protocol energy signals (i.e., adjacent-channel non-protocol interference sources) that are inconsistent with the main channel and the local end (i.e., the first wireless device). At the same time, it is ensured that the channel switching time (i.e., switching from the working channel to the non-working channel) is synchronized with the target beacon transmission time (TBTT) of the wireless access point, so that the first wireless device camps on the working channel every time the wireless access point sends a beacon frame (Beacon) to avoid missing the critical broadcast message (i.e., beacon frame) of the wireless access point.

[0030] Step 102: Obtain wireless protocol messages in the channel whose receiver is not the first wireless device, and extract the message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol messages.

[0031] Here, the first wireless device is the wireless device that performs channel assessment. The wireless protocol message that is not received by the first wireless device refers to wireless communication data in the wireless frame header whose receive address is neither the first wireless device itself nor a multicast address. The message transmission parameters refer to the physical layer and medium access control layer related data fields and reception status information parsed from the acquired wireless protocol message.

[0032] In the specific implementation process, without affecting normal business communication, the first wireless device uses the wireless chip that provides network coverage to perform coexistence packet capture, that is: configure the underlying layer to work in listening mode, remove the restriction of the physical layer's default filter that only receives the receiving address (RA) as itself or the multicast address, and obtain wireless protocol messages in the channel whose receiver is not the first wireless device. These wireless protocol messages contain the wireless protocol's management frames, data frames, and control frames. Compared to the limitations of ordinary wireless STA devices, which typically only process management frames (such as beacon frames and probe response frames), the wireless protocol messages obtained in this application comprehensively cover various management frames, data frames, and control frames sent by Overlapping Basic Service Set (OBSS) devices and other wireless devices within the same Basic Service Set (BSS) (i.e., wireless devices accessing the same access point but different from the first wireless device). Subsequently, the obtained frames are parsed to extract the message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol messages. Specifically, the extraction process includes: extracting the transmission rate and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) carried in the wireless protocol message's receive status; extracting the channel information and channel bandwidth of the working channel corresponding to the wireless protocol message's receive frequency band; extracting the transmission duration of the Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) actually occupied by the wireless protocol message; and parsing the Media Access Control header of the wireless protocol message to extract the Network Allocation Vector. The Vector (NAV) declaration field declares the reservation duration; the wireless protocol message header is parsed to extract the sender address (TA) and receiver address, and the extracted data fields and receiver status information are collected together and used as the message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol message for subsequent evaluation logic.

[0033] It should be noted that the channel quality assessment method in this application embodiment has two hardware implementation architectures. The first implementation involves the first wireless device using a dedicated wireless chip for packet sniffing and spectrum analysis to perform the acquisition and assessment of the aforementioned signals (i.e., non-protocol energy signals and wireless protocol messages whose recipient is not the first wireless device). The second implementation involves the first wireless device utilizing the same wireless chip that provides network coverage to perform coexistence packet sniffing while maintaining normal network communication services, thereby acquiring non-protocol energy signals and wireless protocol messages whose recipient is not the first wireless device within the channel. Compared to the solution using a dedicated wireless chip, the second implementation, as an innovative device architecture, does not require additional hardware costs. By reusing the underlying resources of the same wireless RF chip, it achieves deep channel quality assessment while ensuring normal service coverage.

[0034] Specifically, "acquiring non-protocol energy signals within the channel and acquiring wireless protocol messages whose receiver is not the first wireless device" includes: the first wireless device, using its own wireless chip providing network coverage, performs coexistence packet capture operations while maintaining network communication services to acquire non-protocol energy signals and wireless protocol messages whose receiver is not the first wireless device. This eliminates the need for an additional dedicated radio frequency chip for monitoring, significantly reducing the device's hardware cost and power consumption. Through extreme reuse of underlying resources and precise timing scheduling, it achieves a breakthrough in deep channel assessment while ensuring normal network communication services are not affected, providing a low-cost, innovative product form that balances service coverage and full environmental awareness.

[0035] In some embodiments, “extracting message transmission parameters of a wireless protocol message” can be achieved by performing the following steps: extracting the following message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol message: transmission rate, received signal strength indication, channel information, bandwidth information, transmission duration of physical layer protocol data units, and reservation duration of network allocation vector declaration.

[0036] Here, the transmission rate and received signal strength indicators are core metrics used to characterize the physical layer signal transmission status and received strength. The bandwidth information is used to indicate the bandwidth parameter occupied by the radio frequency signal. The transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data unit represents the time base consumed by the radio frequency signal in the actual transmission over the air interface. The reservation duration of the network allocation vector declaration is the virtual carrier listening time reserved for subsequent wireless communication based on the protocol rules.

[0037] In the specific implementation process, the acquired wireless protocol messages are parsed at the low level to extract the transmission rate and received signal strength indication contained in the wireless protocol message reception status. This information is used to subsequently evaluate the interference intensity caused by the wireless protocol messages. The bandwidth information of the wireless protocol messages is extracted to analyze the actual frequency domain width occupied by the wireless protocol messages. For example, for wireless protocol messages with 40 MHz or 80 MHz bandwidth information, the frequency domain occupancy of the wireless protocol messages on the extended channel can be determined. The transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data unit is extracted to determine the actual air interface occupancy duration of the wireless protocol messages. The reservation duration of the network allocation vector declaration is extracted from the duration or identifier field of the wireless protocol message header to confirm the reservation time for the channel. This provides accurate parameter dimensions for confirming the air interface occupancy evaluation results from both time and frequency domain perspectives.

[0038] By applying the above embodiments, by extracting multi-dimensional parameters including rate, intensity, bandwidth, and duration, a complete underlying data support is objectively provided for accurately calculating the interference intensity assessment results and air interface occupancy assessment results, avoiding the limitations of single-dimensional statistics and effectively improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of channel occupancy quantitative assessment.

[0039] Step 103: Based on the message transmission parameters, determine the second interference assessment result of the wireless protocol message on the channel.

[0040] Here, the second interference assessment results include interference intensity assessment results and air interface occupancy assessment results. The interference intensity assessment results are used to quantify the degree of signal interference caused by various wireless devices (referring to devices that the first wireless device can receive the wireless protocol messages it sends) sending wireless protocol messages in the environment. The air interface occupancy assessment results are used to comprehensively characterize the actual occupancy of air interface resources by wireless protocol messages from both frequency domain and time domain perspectives.

[0041] In the specific implementation process, the interference intensity assessment results caused by the wireless protocol messages are evaluated by combining the rate and received signal strength indications carried in the message transmission parameters; based on the channel information and bandwidth information in the message transmission parameters, the actual frequency domain bandwidth occupied by the wireless protocol messages is analyzed, and for wireless protocol messages with a bandwidth of 40 MHz or 80 MHz, the frequency domain occupancy of the extended channel by the wireless protocol messages is determined; based on the transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data units in the message transmission parameters, the actual duration occupied by the wireless protocol messages is determined, and the reserved duration of the channel is confirmed from the network allocation vector declaration in the message transmission parameters, and the reserved duration is also included in the air interface occupancy assessment results; because the network allocation vector declaration and subsequent wireless protocols are involved in the wireless communication interaction process... The overlapping of physical layer protocol data unit (PLN) latency in the message, coupled with the presence of hidden nodes in the environment (i.e., wireless devices in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device), makes it impossible to fully obtain the transmission duration of the PSN. Additionally, some communication processes involve over-declaration of network allocation vectors. Therefore, by comparing message transmission parameters, distinguishing between channel occupancy declarations made by network allocation vectors and actual channel occupancy, and identifying and ignoring over-declared network allocation vectors, an air interface occupancy assessment result is generated based on the valid network allocation vector declaration and the transmission duration of the PSN, combined with the frequency domain bandwidth. Finally, the interference intensity assessment result and the air interface occupancy assessment result are merged as the second interference assessment result of the wireless protocol message on the channel.

[0042] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 Step 103, "Determine the second interference assessment result of the wireless protocol message on the channel based on the message transmission parameters," can be achieved by executing the following steps 1031-1034: Step 1031, determine the signal interference intensity based on the transmission rate and received signal strength indication; Step 1032, determine the frequency domain occupancy of the wireless protocol message on the channel based on bandwidth information and channel information, and determine the time domain occupancy of the wireless protocol message on the channel based on the transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data unit and the reservation duration of the network allocation vector declaration; Step 1033, determine the first air interface resource occupancy of the channel based on the frequency domain occupancy and the time domain occupancy; Step 1034, determine the signal interference intensity and the first air interface resource occupancy as the second interference assessment result.

[0043] Here, signal interference intensity refers to the level of radio frequency interference energy generated at the receiving end when a wireless communication node sends a wireless protocol message in the environment; frequency domain occupancy refers to the actual spectrum width occupied by the wireless protocol message at the physical layer; time domain occupancy refers to the sum of the physical layer transmission time of the wireless protocol message and the virtual carrier listening time reserved for subsequent communication based on the protocol mechanism; first air interface resource occupancy refers to the degree to which the wireless communication medium is occupied, quantified comprehensively from the two dimensions of time domain and frequency domain.

[0044] In the specific implementation process, step 1031 involves quantitatively evaluating the signal interference intensity caused by the wireless protocol messages based on the extracted transmission rate and received signal strength indication. Step 1032: Analyze the actual frequency domain bandwidth occupied by the wireless protocol message by combining bandwidth information and channel information. For wireless protocol messages with bandwidth information of 40 MHz or 80 MHz, determine their occupation of the extended channel, thereby determining the frequency domain occupation of the channel by the wireless protocol message. Determine the actual duration occupied by the wireless protocol message based on the transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data unit, and confirm the reserved duration of the channel based on the reserved duration declared by the network allocation vector. Given that the reserved duration declared by the network allocation vector of the request message in communication interactions such as request to send messages, allow to send messages, data messages, and acknowledgment messages will cover the transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data unit of subsequent messages and the minimum frame interval between frames, resulting in time overlap, and that some devices over-declare the network allocation vector declaration, causing the reserved duration to be longer than the actual transmission time, by distinguishing the channel occupation declaration of the network allocation vector and the actual channel occupation, and combining the strategy of ignoring the network allocation vector declaration when the received signal strength indication of the wireless protocol message is lower than a set threshold, the time domain occupation of the channel by the wireless protocol message is accurately determined. Step 1033: Determine the first air interface resource occupancy of the channel based on a comprehensive analysis of frequency domain occupancy and time domain occupancy. Finally, in step 1034, determine the signal interference intensity and the first air interface resource occupancy as the second interference assessment result.

[0045] By applying the above embodiments, through the fine division of frequency domain occupancy and time domain occupancy, and the identification and verification of overlapping and over-claiming phenomena of network allocation vector claims, false channel occupancy data is eliminated, and the accurate restoration of real air interface resource consumption is achieved. Combined with the quantitative assessment of signal interference intensity, the accuracy of channel congestion assessment is objectively improved.

[0046] In some embodiments, the step "determining the time domain occupancy of the channel by the wireless protocol message based on the transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data unit and the reservation duration declared by the network allocation vector" can be achieved by performing the following steps: if the first time period covered by the transmission duration overlaps with the second time period covered by the reservation duration, the first time period and the second time period are merged and deduplicated in the time dimension to obtain a third time period, and the duration of the third time period is determined as the time domain occupancy; the target duration actually required by the communication interaction link corresponding to the wireless protocol message is obtained, and if the reservation duration is greater than the target duration, the time domain occupancy is determined based on the transmission duration.

[0047] Here, the first and second time periods correspond to the physical layer duration and protocol logic layer reservation time of the wireless protocol message occupying the channel in the time domain, respectively. Merging and deduplication processing refers to performing a Boolean union operation on time intervals that partially or completely overlap on the time axis to obtain the total time period caused by the wireless protocol message in the air interface. The target duration refers to the time that must objectively be consumed to complete the corresponding message interaction sequence according to the wireless communication interaction link specification.

[0048] In the specific implementation process, a first time period covered by the transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data units of the wireless protocol message is obtained, and a second time period covered by the reservation duration declared based on the network allocation vector extracted from the wireless protocol message is obtained. If the first time period and the second time period overlap in the time dimension, the first time period and the second time period are merged and deduplicated in the time dimension to obtain a third time period, and the duration of the third time period is determined as the time domain occupancy. In addition, the target duration actually required by the communication interaction link corresponding to the wireless protocol message is obtained. If the reservation duration is longer than the target duration, the time domain occupancy is determined based on the transmission duration. In some embodiments, the target duration is calculated by obtaining the time envelope of the request to send frame, allow to send frame and acknowledgment frame in the interaction sequence. If the reservation duration significantly exceeds the length of the envelope, it is determined to be an over-declaration. In this case, the transmission duration of the actually captured physical layer protocol data units is used as the calculation basis, and the transmission duration is used as the time domain occupancy.

[0049] By applying the above embodiments, the true time domain occupancy of wireless protocol packets is accurately restored through the merging and deduplication of the first and second time periods. At the same time, by identifying and correcting the behavior of over-declared network allocation vectors, the artificially high second interference assessment results are effectively prevented, and the objectivity and accuracy of the air interface resource occupancy quantification are enhanced.

[0050] Step 104: Parse the wireless protocol message to obtain the channel access parameters of the overlapping basic service set, and based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters, determine the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device for the channel.

[0051] Here, Overlapping Basic Service Set (OBSS) refers to external wireless communication networks covering adjacent physical spaces; Channel Access Parameters refer to the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) parameters used by downstream devices of the Overlapping Basic Service Set for channel contention; Signal Detection Blind Zone refers to a hidden node area where the first wireless device cannot detect signals (wireless protocol messages) transmitted by the second wireless device due to physical distance or spatial obstruction; and the Third Interference Assessment Result refers to the probability of a communication collision between the second wireless device and the first wireless device.

[0052] In the specific implementation process, the radio protocol messages (i.e., beacon frames) sent by access points within the overlapping basic service set are parsed to determine and obtain the channel access parameters required by the overlapping basic service set for its downstream devices. The possible channel access strategies of the downstream devices are then evaluated in conjunction with the number of devices connected within the overlapping basic service set. Simultaneously, by analyzing the one-way radio protocol messages sent by the access point to the second wireless device, the actual existence of the second wireless device is discovered. If, based on the second interference assessment result, it is confirmed that the second interference assessment result does not maintain relevant assessment information for the second wireless device, then the second wireless device is determined to be in a signal detection blind zone for the first wireless device. In this network topology, when the second wireless device sends uplink radio protocol messages, the first wireless device cannot receive them and therefore cannot properly back off. This leads to interference from the first wireless device when the access point receives radio protocol messages. Based on the parsed channel access parameters and the determination that the second wireless device is in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device, and considering the logical impact of the backoff failure caused by the hidden node relationship, the third interference assessment result for the channel by the second wireless device, which is in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device, is determined.

[0053] In some embodiments, "parse radio protocol messages to obtain channel access parameters of overlapping basic service sets" can be achieved by performing the following steps: determining the beacon frame sent by the access point of the overlapping basic service set from the radio protocol messages; and extracting the channel access parameters of the access point's radio device from the beacon frame.

[0054] Here, the overlapping basic service set refers to an external wireless network that overlaps with the local communication network in terms of physical space and frequency band. The access point refers to the core node that provides wireless access services in the overlapping basic service set. The beacon frame refers to the management frame that the access point periodically broadcasts to declare the existence of the network and configure parameters. The channel access parameters refer to the enhanced distributed channel access parameters used by the network when it requests the connected wireless devices to compete for media.

[0055] In the specific implementation process, the obtained wireless protocol messages are filtered and parsed by frame type. The beacon frames periodically broadcast by the access points of the overlapping basic service set are identified and determined from the wireless protocol messages. The frame body of the extracted beacon frames is deeply parsed to locate and read the data fields containing configuration information, thereby extracting the channel access parameters that the wireless devices of the access points are required to follow when competing for air interface information.

[0056] By applying the above embodiments, channel access parameters are directly extracted from beacon frames, and the medium contention rules of external network nodes are objectively and accurately obtained. This provides a direct parameter basis for subsequent quantitative evaluation of the third interference assessment results of external network devices on the channel, effectively improving the reliability and accuracy of the third interference assessment result calculation.

[0057] In some embodiments, before performing the step of "determining the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device located in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device based on the second interference assessment result and channel access parameters", the following steps may be performed: extracting the sender address and receiver address from the wireless protocol message, and identifying the wireless devices indicated by the sender address and receiver address as third wireless devices. Based on this, the step of "determining the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device located in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device based on the second interference assessment result and channel access parameters" can be achieved by performing the following steps: extracting the fourth wireless device that interferes with the channel as recorded in the second interference assessment result, and identifying the wireless devices other than the fourth wireless device among the third wireless devices as second wireless devices; if the second wireless device is a wireless device of the access point, determining the probability of channel conflict between the second wireless device and the first wireless device based on the channel access parameters; and using the probability of conflict as the third interference assessment result.

[0058] Here, the third wireless device refers to all wireless communication nodes that objectively exist in the communication environment, discovered by parsing the address field of the wireless protocol message; the fourth wireless device refers to a wireless device that has been successfully captured and recorded in the previous interference assessment process and is not in a signal detection blind zone; the second wireless device refers to a hidden node device that objectively exists in the network topology but is in a signal detection blind zone because the first wireless device cannot directly listen to its transmitted signal due to physical space distance or obstacles; the collision probability refers to the quantified probability that the first wireless device will fail to back off due to its inability to perceive the transmission action of the second wireless device under this asymmetric listening topology, thereby causing a signal collision at the receiving side of the access point.

[0059] In the specific implementation process, firstly, the captured wireless protocol messages are parsed to extract the sender and receiver addresses. Even if the first wireless device cannot directly receive wireless protocol messages sent by some devices, the wireless devices indicated by the sender and receiver addresses are identified as objectively existing third wireless devices in the communication environment. Subsequently, the fourth wireless device that has interference strength assessment results (i.e., the aforementioned signal interference strength) and air interface occupancy assessment results (i.e., the aforementioned first air interface resource occupancy) and causes interference to the channel is extracted from the second interference assessment results. Through information comparison, the wireless devices other than the fourth wireless device among the third wireless devices are identified as being in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device. The second wireless device; if the second wireless device is the wireless device of the access point, combined with the objective existence status of the second wireless device determined by parsing the wireless protocol messages sent from the access point to the second wireless device, since the second interference assessment result lacks information about the second wireless device, it indicates that when the second wireless device sends uplink wireless protocol messages, the first wireless device cannot execute the correct backoff mechanism, which leads to the access point being interfered with by the first wireless device when receiving wireless protocol messages. Based on this network topology and combined with the channel access parameters obtained by parsing, the probability of channel conflict between the second wireless device and the first wireless device is determined, and the calculated probability of conflict is used as the third interference assessment result.

[0060] By applying the above embodiments, the signal detection blind zone devices in the spatial topology can be accurately identified by comparing the full communication node address database with the known interference node records. The existence of hidden nodes is revealed by using one-way message flow and the collision risk caused by backoff failure is quantified by combining channel access parameters. This objectively makes up for the technical deficiency that asymmetric interference cannot be perceived by relying solely on local signal reception and improves the accuracy of the third interference assessment result calculation.

[0061] Step 105: Based on the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result, generate the channel quality assessment result of the channel.

[0062] Here, the channel quality assessment result refers to the overall quantitative judgment of the availability of the current communication medium and the direction of subsequent communication strategy adjustment after comprehensively considering the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result. It not only reflects the objective congestion and conflict status of the channel, but also determines the communication parameters that need to be configured when the first wireless device and the peer device conduct subsequent communication interactions.

[0063] In the specific implementation process, the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result are jointly analyzed from the perspectives of the transmitting end and the receiving end to determine the specific physical distribution tendency of the interference source relative to the transmitting end and the receiving end. When it is determined that the interference is closer to the transmitting end and the transmitting end experiences excessive transmission delay due to the identification of the interference, the channel quality assessment result is determined to be a state where the transmission of radio protocol messages can be forced, since the useful signal strength at the receiving end is significantly stronger than the interference signal strength to ensure normal reception. Conversely, when it is determined that the interference is closer to the receiving end, even if the transmitting end transmits radio protocol messages, the receiving end will be unable to receive them normally because the interference signal is stronger than the useful signal. In this case, the channel quality assessment result is determined to be a state where the transmitting end needs to increase backoff to avoid transmitting radio protocol messages simultaneously with the interference. Furthermore, based on the channel quality assessment result, the first... The communication parameters between the wireless device and the peer device include the following: The first is the received signal strength indication threshold for network allocation vector declaration (RAD) checks, which ignores RADs when the RAD of the wireless protocol message is below a certain threshold; the second is the on / off switch for RAD checks; the third is the RAD threshold for idle channel assessment checks, which treats interference signals below a certain threshold as noise floor and does not delay the transmission of wireless protocol messages due to interference; the fourth is a spoofed RAD strategy, used to determine whether to declare a larger RAD than required to enhance contention capabilities when transmitting wireless protocol messages; and the fifth is an enhanced distributed channel access strategy, which includes fixed and random backoff times during channel contention to affect channel contention capabilities.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first interference assessment result is the second air interface resource occupancy of the channel by non-protocol energy signals, and the third interference assessment result is the probability of channel conflict between the second wireless device and the first wireless device; based on this, see Figure 3 Step 105, "Generating the channel quality assessment result based on the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result," can be achieved by executing the following steps 1051-1053: Step 1051, based on the first and second air interface resource occupancy included in the second interference assessment result, determine the total air interface resource occupancy of the channel, and based on the total air interface resource occupancy, determine the first channel availability of the channel; Step 1052, based on the collision probability and the first channel availability, determine the second channel availability of the channel; Step 1053, based on the signal interference intensity and the second channel availability, determine the channel quality assessment result.

[0065] Here, the second air interface resource occupancy refers to the physical duration of the channel occupied by non-protocol energy signals in the time domain; the first air interface resource occupancy refers to the actual occupancy of channel resources by wireless protocol messages in the time-frequency domain; the total air interface resource occupancy is the combination of protocol communication occupancy and non-protocol energy physical occupancy in the channel; the first channel availability is the basic channel idle capacity derived from the air interface physical occupancy situation; the collision probability refers to the probability of signal collision due to device backoff failure caused by hidden node topology; the second channel availability is the effective channel capacity obtained by combining collision risk reduction correction with the basic channel idle capacity; the channel quality assessment result is the final multi-dimensional quantitative judgment of the current channel environment based on physical air interface occupancy, hidden node collision risk, and radio frequency interference energy.

[0066] In the specific implementation process, the first interference assessment result, namely the second air interface resource occupancy of the channel by non-protocol energy signals, and the third interference assessment result, namely the probability of channel conflict between the second wireless device and the first wireless device, are obtained. Step 1051: Based on the first air interface resource occupancy included in the second interference assessment result and the second air interface resource occupancy obtained from the first interference assessment result, the resource occupancy is accumulated and integrated to determine the total air interface resource occupancy of the channel. Based on the total air interface resource occupancy, the proportion of unoccupied idle medium in the channel is assessed to determine the first channel availability. Subsequently, step 1052 introduces the probability of conflict to logically correct the first channel availability, using the collision probability of the second wireless device in the signal detection blind zone causing channel backoff failure as a reduction parameter applied to the first channel availability to determine the second channel availability. Finally, step 1053 extracts... The signal interference intensity in the second interference assessment result, based on the radio frequency interference energy magnitude indicated by the signal interference intensity and the effective channel margin indicated by the second channel availability, generates a multi-dimensional channel quality assessment result. The determined channel quality assessment result is used to guide the determination of the specific tendency of interference to be closer to the transmitter's viewpoint or the receiver's viewpoint, and accordingly decides on the adjustment scheme of communication parameters such as the received signal strength indication threshold of network allocation vector declaration check, the on / off switch of network allocation vector declaration check, the received signal strength indication threshold of idle channel assessment check, the spoofing network allocation vector declaration strategy, and the enhanced distributed channel access strategy including the fixed or random backoff time size during channel contention.

[0067] By applying the above embodiments, a layer-by-layer channel parameter integration mechanism organically unifies protocol message occupancy, non-protocol energy occupancy, hidden node collision risk, and radio frequency interference intensity. Basic availability is derived based on physical occupancy, effective availability is obtained using channel collision probability correction, and finally, a comprehensive channel quality assessment result is generated by combining interference energy intensity. This objectively constructs a rigorous derivation link from bottom-level physical sensing data to top-level channel quality quantification, avoiding local distortions caused by single-data-dimensional assessments and significantly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of channel quality assessment results.

[0068] In some embodiments, the channel is the working channel of the first wireless device. After performing the "generating channel quality assessment results", the following steps may also be performed: control the first wireless device to switch from the working channel to a non-working channel, and when the first wireless device is in the non-working channel, acquire the target wireless protocol message; identify the first target wireless protocol message from the target wireless protocol message whose main channel is different from the working channel and whose extended channel covers the working channel; extract the message features of the first target wireless protocol message, and correct the channel quality assessment results based on the message features.

[0069] Here, the working channel is the frequency band currently carrying communication services of the first wireless device, the non-working channel is other communication frequency bands besides the working channel, the target wireless protocol message is the communication data frame that is listened to and obtained on the non-working channel, and the first target wireless protocol message whose main channel is different from the working channel and whose extended channel covers the working channel refers to adjacent channel interference data that cannot be correctly identified on the working channel due to the physical layer limitation of the communication protocol.

[0070] In the specific implementation process, after the channel quality assessment of the generated channel is completed and the working channel of the first wireless device is in effect, the first wireless device is controlled to switch from the working channel to a non-working channel. The switching process is dynamically adjusted according to the actual wireless protocol message transmission requirements of the first wireless device. During high-priority wireless protocol message exchanges, the detection action for switching to a non-working channel is postponed. When performing cross-channel detection, only a short detection time of tens of milliseconds is performed. Furthermore, the time of switching out of the working channel is kept highly synchronized with the beacon frame transmission time of the front-end access point, ensuring that the first wireless device sends a beacon frame at the target beacon transmission time each time. Line devices must reside on the working channel to avoid missing broadcast messages; when the first wireless device is on a non-working channel, the target wireless protocol message is obtained through low-level packet capture; since the first wireless device can only correctly identify the signal preamble that is consistent with its own on the main channel when it is on the working channel, it cannot directly detect adjacent channel devices, so cross-channel packet capture is used to identify the first target wireless protocol message whose main channel is different from the working channel and whose extended channel covers the working channel from the target wireless protocol message; the message characteristics of the first target wireless protocol message are extracted, the severity of interference caused by this type of device to the working channel is assessed, and the channel quality assessment result is corrected based on the message characteristics.

[0071] By applying the above embodiments, and periodically switching to non-working channels for cross-channel listening, the technical limitation of the physical layer's inability to identify signal preambles across the main channel is overcome, successfully capturing and quantifying concealed extended channel adjacent-channel interference. Simultaneously, by combining the target beacon transmission time synchronization mechanism with a high-priority interactive avoidance strategy, and under the objective premise of ensuring extremely low latency for normal communication and zero loss of broadcast messages, adjacent-channel interference factors are accurately incorporated into the evaluation system, significantly improving the overall accuracy and anti-interference assessment capability of the final channel quality assessment results.

[0072] In some embodiments, the step "controlling the first wireless device to switch from an operating channel to a non-operating channel" can be implemented by performing the following steps: when the target time arrives after the first beacon transmission time of the associated access point of the first wireless device, control the first wireless device to switch from an operating channel to a non-operating channel; based on this, the following steps can also be performed: if the duration of the first wireless device in the non-operating channel reaches a duration threshold, control the first wireless device to switch from a non-operating channel to an operating channel, wherein the duration threshold is used to constrain the first wireless device to switch from a non-operating channel to an operating channel before the arrival of the second beacon transmission time, the second beacon transmission time is the next beacon transmission time after the first beacon transmission time, and the target time is located before the second beacon transmission time.

[0073] Here, the first beacon transmission time and the second beacon transmission time correspond to the target time when the wireless access point transmits beacon frames during the adjacent beacon interval. The target time is the preset inter-frequency handover trigger time after the first wireless device receives the first beacon. The duration threshold limits the maximum duration for the first wireless device to perform probing on a non-operating channel.

[0074] In the specific implementation process, the periodic characteristics of the radio protocol messages sent by the associated access point are obtained. When the target time arrives after the first beacon transmission time of the associated access point, the first wireless device is controlled to switch from the working channel to the non-working channel. In the non-working channel, the acquisition of radio protocol messages and non-protocol energy signals is performed. If the duration of the first wireless device in the non-working channel reaches a duration threshold, the first wireless device is controlled to switch from the non-working channel to the working channel. The duration threshold is used to constrain the first wireless device to switch from the non-working channel to the working channel before the second beacon transmission time arrives. The duration threshold is set to the length of time that the first wireless device resides in the working channel every time the access point transmits a beacon frame, and the duration threshold is set to tens of milliseconds. The target time is located before the second beacon transmission time.

[0075] By applying the above embodiments, through the synchronous control of channel switching actions and access point beacon cycles, and by implementing back-switching constraints using duration thresholds, the risk of the first wireless device losing critical broadcast messages due to inter-frequency detection is objectively avoided, and accurate perception of inter-frequency interference environment is achieved while ensuring the stability of service communication.

[0076] By applying the above embodiments of this application, the first interference assessment result is determined by acquiring non-protocol energy signals, effectively distinguishing non-protocol interference sources; the second interference assessment result is determined by acquiring wireless protocol messages from receivers that are not the first wireless device, overcoming the physical layer address filtering limitation and enabling the detection of non-local link interference without relying on specific protocol support; further, by combining the channel access parameters parsed from the messages with the second interference assessment result, the third interference assessment result of devices within the signal detection blind zone is accurately determined, successfully quantifying the interference of hidden devices; finally, the channel quality assessment result is generated by comprehensively considering the first, second, and third interference assessment results. Thus, through multi-dimensional precise perception, the limitations of existing technologies are overcome, significantly improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of channel quality assessment.

[0077] The following describes an exemplary application of the embodiments of this application in a real-world application scenario.

[0078] Wireless communication devices acting as access points (APs) or stations (STAs) typically require channel quality assessment. Assessment methods in related technologies include: at the access point, channel occupancy statistics are performed on the current operating channel using carrier sensing, channel probing, or other methods; or statistics are performed using dedicated sensor chips. At the station, the number of access points and signal strength on each channel are determined by scanning; or the channel busy level is determined by scanning and parsing the Basic Service Set Load Information (BSS Load IE) elements declared by access points in beacon frames or probe response frames; some schemes also use signal sensing on the channel to calculate channel occupancy. However, the following problems exist in these technologies: 1) Low accuracy and comprehensiveness of assessment: Scanning-based methods interrupt communication and fail to reflect long-term characteristics; existing monitoring methods cannot distinguish the temporal proportion of different interference sources and the actual number of interactions, making it difficult to reconstruct the true air interface occupancy. 2) Applicability and perception limitations: The method of parsing load information elements highly depends on the protocol support of the peer access point; and due to physical layer address filtering mechanisms, the device cannot perceive external communication links sent to non-local devices. 3) Hidden nodes causing air interface conflicts: Lack of in-depth analysis of the wireless topology makes it impossible to identify hidden nodes in signal detection blind spots, easily leading to device backoff failure and receiver signal collisions. 4) Inter-frequency identification blind spots and synchronization defects: The physical layer has difficulty identifying adjacent-channel interference devices with inconsistent main channels; and if non-working channel detection is not synchronized with the access point's beacon period, it can easily lead to the loss of critical broadcast messages and increased service latency.

[0079] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a channel quality assessment method, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The channel quality assessment method provided in this application consists of the following logical modules, which achieve deep channel awareness through the collaborative interaction of each module, without relying on additional hardware support: (1) Coexistence Packet Capture and Monitoring (Monitor) Module: Under the condition of not affecting normal business communication, the underlying layer is configured to work in monitoring mode, and the filter restriction of "only receiving packets with the receiving address being itself or a multicast address" enabled by default in the physical layer is removed. This module is responsible for acquiring various wireless protocol packets (including packets sent by overlapping basic service set devices and other site devices within the same basic service set, i.e., external packets) that are not received by the local wireless device within the channel, and submitting them to the subsequent evaluation module for processing. In addition, local packets can be received through the wireless communication interface.

[0080] (2) Equipment Interference Assessment Module: Used to determine the comprehensive interference assessment result of wireless protocol messages on the channel, specifically including: (2.1) Interference intensity assessment submodule: Combine the transmission rate and received signal strength indication (RSSI) carried in the wireless protocol messages captured by the coexistence packet capture and monitoring module to quantitatively assess the radio frequency interference energy level (i.e. the above signal interference intensity) caused by the transmission action of the external wireless communication node.

[0081] (2.2) Air Interface Occupancy Assessment Submodule: This module determines the air interface resource occupancy (i.e., the first air interface resource occupancy mentioned above) from both frequency and time domains. In the frequency domain, it analyzes the actual frequency bandwidth occupied by the captured packets based on the channel and bandwidth information. For example, it determines the occupancy of extended channels for packets with bandwidths of 40 MHz or 80 MHz. In the time domain, it extracts the transmission duration of Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) and extracts the reservation duration of Network Allocation Vector (NAV) declarations from the Media Access Control header of the packets. To address the issues of overlapping NAV declarations with subsequent packet transmission durations in the communication interaction link and the over-declaration of NAVs by some devices, this module performs deduplication by comparing the target duration of the interaction link, identifying and correcting false channel occupancy declarations, thereby accurately determining the true air interface time domain occupancy.

[0082] (2.3) Device Discovery Module: By parsing the sender address and target receiver address in the packet header, the module determines all existing wireless communication devices in the communication environment. Even if the local device cannot directly receive packet data sent by some nodes, the actual existence status of the device can be mapped through address resolution. Furthermore, based on the results obtained from address resolution, the device discovery module can distinguish whether the discovered device is an intra-network device (i.e., a site within the same Basic Service Set (BSS)) or an extra-network device (i.e., a device within an overlapping Basic Service Set (OBSS)). Differentiated communication strategies are adopted for these two situations: (a) For intra-network devices: Considering that in ordinary wireless networks, sites on the same Basic Service Set (BSS) often ignore each other, by discovering these hidden intra-network devices, the module can guide the local dynamic adjustment of Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) parameters to achieve reasonable mutual backoff between nodes, thereby effectively reducing the probability of intra-network communication collisions. (b) For external devices: By discovering external interference source nodes, the aim is to appropriately ignore interference from weak signals at distant locations by adjusting the thresholds of relevant Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) such as Idle Channel Assessment (CCA), thereby improving its spatial multiplexing capability and transmission opportunities.

[0083] (3) Overlapping Basic Service Set (OBSS) Information Analysis Module: By performing in-depth analysis on the beacon frames sent by the access point within the Overlapping Basic Service Set, the module extracts channel access parameters such as Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) required by the access point for its connected wireless devices, thereby quantitatively evaluating the potential channel access strategies of external network devices.

[0084] (4) Hidden Node Relationship Analysis Module: This module analyzes the asymmetric eavesdropping topology in the actual environment. By comparing the link information obtained by the device discovery module (such as one-way messages sent from an external access point to a certain site) with the known device list maintained in the device interference assessment module, this module determines that devices whose signals cannot be directly eavesdropped by the local end are hidden nodes in the signal detection blind zone. Further, combined with the channel access parameters obtained by the OBSS information analysis module, it comprehensively assesses the probability that this hidden node will cause backoff failure at the local end, thereby generating signal collisions at the access point receiving side. For example... Figure 5 As shown, in real-world environments, hidden nodes often exist. STA2 can only receive packets from AP1, while STA1 and STA2 cannot receive each other's packets due to distance. Therefore, when STA1 sends uplink packets, STA2 cannot properly back off, causing interference to AP1 when receiving packets. The device discovery module can detect the actual existence of STA1 through packets from AP1 to STA1. Since the device interference assessment module does not maintain STA1 information, it means that STA1 is a hidden node for STA2, increasing the probability of conflict with STA2.

[0085] (5) Overall Channel Statistics Module: For non-protocol energy signals (such as electromagnetic radiation with non-WLAN protocol characteristics) that may exist on the channel, the underlying energy detection mechanism of the physical layer is used for real-time monitoring and identification. The time span during which signals with energy values ​​higher than the preset threshold and unable to match the protocol preamble occupy the channel is counted as the physical occupancy index of such signals on the air interface (i.e., the second air interface resource occupancy mentioned above). It should be noted that the underlying energy detection mechanism is only used to analyze the energy intensity distribution within the channel and does not identify the specific device source of the non-protocol energy signals; correspondingly, this system combines the qualitative analysis results of the sources of WiFi interference signals of different intensities through coexistence packet capture in the device interference assessment module to jointly guide the first wireless device to dynamically adjust its own signal transmission power and backoff strategy.

[0086] By combining the outputs of the hidden node relationship analysis module, the air interface occupancy assessment submodule, and the overall channel statistics module, a comprehensive channel quality assessment can be performed.

[0087] (6) Probe Control Module: This module controls the physical layer of the device to switch appropriately between the working channel and the non-working channel to perform cross-channel packet capture and channel information statistics. This module has a built-in switching strategy synchronized with the access point beacon period: it switches to the non-working channel at the target time after the first beacon transmission time of the associated access point, and switches back to the working channel when a set duration threshold (e.g., tens of milliseconds) is met. This duration threshold strictly constrains the device to complete the switchback before the next beacon transmission time arrives, ensuring that the device remains on the working channel for each Target Beacon Transmission Time (TBTT). Simultaneously, this strategy dynamically postpones the probe time based on high-priority service packet transmission requirements. Through regular and controlled cross-channel probes, it effectively compensates for the physical layer's inability to identify adjacent-channel interference devices with different main channels but whose extended channels cover the local working channel.

[0088] Applying the above embodiments of this application: 1) Accurately restores the true air interface occupancy: Combining time-frequency domain characteristics with network allocation vector check error correction mechanism, false channel occupancy data is effectively eliminated, and the true air interface occupancy rate of each interference source is accurately quantified without additional hardware cost. 2) Improves the universality of channel assessment: Channel access parameters of external networks are obtained directly by parsing beacon frames, eliminating the dependence on support for specific protocol extensions. 3) Reduces the risk of air interface collisions: Accurately perceives asymmetric topology and quantifies the collision probability of hidden nodes, providing a direct basis for dynamic power control and channel contention parameter optimization. 4) Eliminates eavesdropping blind spots and ensures communication: Through controlled cross-channel detection synchronized with beacon transmission time, adjacent channel spread channel interference is successfully quantified, while avoiding service delays and broadcast message loss.

[0089] The following describes an electronic device implementing the channel quality assessment method provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, electronic device 500 includes at least one processor 510, memory 550, at least one network interface 520, and user interface 530. The various components in electronic device 500 are coupled together via a bus system 540. It is understood that the bus system 540 is used to implement communication between these components. In addition to a data bus, the bus system 540 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity, in… Figure 6 The general labeled all buses as Bus System 540.

[0090] The processor 510 can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities, such as a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0091] User interface 530 includes one or more output devices 531 that enable the presentation of media content, including one or more speakers and / or one or more visual displays. User interface 530 also includes one or more input devices 532, including user interface components that facilitate user input, such as a keyboard, mouse, microphone, touch screen display, camera, other input buttons and controls.

[0092] Memory 550 may be removable, non-removable, or a combination thereof. Memory 550 may include one or more storage devices physically located away from processor 510. Memory 550 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or both. Non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), and volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM). The memory 550 described in this application embodiment is intended to include any suitable type of memory.

[0093] In some embodiments, memory 550 is capable of storing data to support various operations. Examples of such data include programs, modules, and data structures, or subsets or supersets thereof, as illustrated below. Operating system 551 includes system programs for handling various basic system services and performing hardware-related tasks, such as a framework layer, core library layer, driver layer, etc., for implementing various basic services and handling hardware-based tasks; network communication module 552 is used to reach other electronic devices via one or more (wired or wireless) network interfaces 520, exemplary network interfaces 520 including Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), and Universal Serial Bus (USB); presentation module 553 is used to enable the presentation of information (e.g., a user interface for operating peripheral devices and displaying content and information) via one or more output devices 531 associated with user interface 530 (e.g., a display screen, a speaker, etc.); input processing module 554 is used to detect and translate one or more user inputs or interactions from one or more input devices 532.

[0094] In some embodiments, the channel quality assessment apparatus provided in this application can be implemented in software. Figure 6 A channel quality assessment device 555 stored in memory 550 is shown. It can be software in the form of programs and plug-ins, including the following software modules: a first acquisition module 5551, a second acquisition module 5552, a first determination module 5553, a second determination module 5554, and a generation module 5555. These modules are logically related and can therefore be arbitrarily combined or further divided according to the functions they implement. The functions of each module will be described below.

[0095] The following describes an exemplary structure of the channel quality assessment device 555 provided in the embodiments of this application as a software module. In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the software modules stored in the channel quality assessment device 555 in the memory 550 may include: a first acquisition module 5551, used to acquire non-protocol energy signals in the channel and determine a first interference assessment result of the non-protocol energy signals on the channel; a second acquisition module 5552, used to acquire wireless protocol messages in the channel whose receiver is not the first wireless device and extract the message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol messages; a first determination module 5553, used to determine a second interference assessment result of the wireless protocol messages on the channel based on the message transmission parameters; a second determination module 5554, used to parse the wireless protocol messages to obtain channel access parameters of the overlapping basic service set, and determine a third interference assessment result of the second wireless device located in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device on the channel based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters; and a generation module 5555, used to generate a channel quality assessment result of the channel based on the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result.

[0096] In some embodiments, the second acquisition module 5552 is further configured to extract the following message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol message: transmission rate, received signal strength indication, channel information, bandwidth information, transmission duration of physical layer protocol data unit, and reservation duration of network allocation vector declaration.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first determining module 5553 is further configured to: determine the signal interference intensity based on the transmission rate and the received signal strength indication; determine the frequency domain occupancy of the wireless protocol message on the channel based on the bandwidth information and the channel information; and determine the time domain occupancy of the wireless protocol message on the channel based on the transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data unit and the reservation duration of the network allocation vector declaration; determine the first air interface resource occupancy of the channel based on the frequency domain occupancy and the time domain occupancy; and determine the signal interference intensity and the first air interface resource occupancy as the second interference assessment result.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first determining module 5553 is further configured to: if the first time period covered by the transmission duration overlaps with the second time period covered by the reservation duration, merge and deduplicate the first time period and the second time period in the time dimension to obtain a third time period, and determine the duration of the third time period as the time domain occupancy; obtain the target duration actually required by the communication interaction link corresponding to the wireless protocol message, and if the reservation duration is greater than the target duration, determine the time domain occupancy based on the transmission duration.

[0099] In some embodiments, the first interference assessment result is the second air interface resource occupancy of the channel by the non-protocol energy signal, and the third interference assessment result is the probability of a channel conflict between the second wireless device and the first wireless device; the generation module 5555 is further configured to determine the total air interface resource occupancy of the channel based on the first air interface resource occupancy and the second air interface resource occupancy included in the second interference assessment result, and determine the first channel availability of the channel based on the total air interface resource occupancy; determine the second channel availability of the channel based on the probability of conflict and the first channel availability; and determine the channel quality assessment result based on the signal interference intensity and the second channel availability.

[0100] In some embodiments, the second determining module 5554 is further configured to determine, from the radio protocol message, the beacon frame sent by the access point of the overlapping basic service set; and extract the channel access parameters of the radio device accessing the access point from the beacon frame.

[0101] In some embodiments, the second acquisition module 5552 is further configured to extract the sender address and receiver address from the wireless protocol message before determining the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device located in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device for the channel based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters, and to determine the wireless devices indicated by the sender address and the receiver address as the third wireless device; the second determination module 5554 is further configured to extract the fourth wireless device that interferes with the channel recorded in the second interference assessment result, and to determine the wireless devices other than the fourth wireless device among the third wireless devices as the second wireless device; if the second wireless device is a wireless device accessing the access point, to determine the probability of a channel conflict between the second wireless device and the first wireless device based on the channel access parameters; and to use the probability of a conflict as the third interference assessment result.

[0102] In some embodiments, the channel is the working channel of the first wireless device; the generation module 5555 is further configured to, after generating the channel quality assessment result of the channel, control the first wireless device to switch from the working channel to a non-working channel, and when the first wireless device is in the non-working channel, acquire a target wireless protocol message; identify from the target wireless protocol message a first target wireless protocol message whose main channel is different from the working channel and whose extended channel covers the working channel; extract the message features of the first target wireless protocol message, and correct the channel quality assessment result based on the message features.

[0103] In some embodiments, the generation module 5555 is further configured to control the first wireless device to switch from the working channel to a non-working channel when the target time arrives after the first beacon transmission time of the associated access point of the first wireless device; the generation module 5555 is further configured to control the first wireless device to switch from the non-working channel to the working channel if the duration of the first wireless device in the non-working channel reaches a duration threshold, wherein the duration threshold is used to constrain the first wireless device to switch from the non-working channel to the working channel before the arrival of the second beacon transmission time, the second beacon transmission time is the next beacon transmission time after the first beacon transmission time, and the target time is located before the second beacon transmission time.

[0104] It should be noted that the description of the device embodiments in this application is similar to the description of the method embodiments described above, and has similar beneficial effects as the method embodiments, so it will not be repeated here. Any technical details not covered in the channel quality assessment device provided in the embodiments of this application can be understood based on the description of the technical details in the above method embodiments.

[0105] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer-executable instructions or a computer program stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of an electronic device reads the computer-executable instructions or computer program from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer-executable instructions or computer program, causing the electronic device to perform the channel quality assessment method provided in this application.

[0106] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions or computer programs. When the computer-executable instructions or computer programs are executed by a processor, the processor will execute the channel quality assessment method provided in this application.

[0107] In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may be a memory such as RAM, ROM, flash memory, magnetic surface memory, optical disk, or CD-ROM; or it may be a variety of devices including one or any combination of the above-mentioned memories.

[0108] In some embodiments, computer-executable instructions may take the form of programs, software, software modules, scripts, or code, written in any form of programming language (including compiled or interpreted languages, or declarative or procedural languages), and may be deployed in any form, including as stand-alone programs or as modules, components, subroutines, or other units suitable for use in a computing environment.

[0109] As an example, computer-executable instructions may, but do not necessarily, correspond to files in a file system. They may be stored as part of a file that holds other programs or data, for example, in one or more scripts in a Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) document, in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple co-located files (e.g., files that store one or more modules, subroutines, or code sections).

[0110] As an example, computer-executable instructions can be deployed to execute on a single electronic device, or on multiple electronic devices located at one location, or on multiple electronic devices distributed across multiple locations and interconnected via a communication network.

[0111] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and scope of this application are included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A channel quality assessment method, characterized in that, Applied to a first wireless device, the method includes: Acquire non-protocol energy signals within the channel and determine the first interference assessment result of the non-protocol energy signals on the channel; Obtain wireless protocol messages in the channel whose receiver is not the first wireless device, and extract the message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol messages. Based on the message transmission parameters, a second interference assessment result of the wireless protocol message on the channel is determined; The wireless protocol message is parsed to obtain the channel access parameters of the overlapping basic service set, and based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters, the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device is determined for the channel. Based on the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result, a channel quality assessment result for the channel is generated.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The extraction of the message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol message includes: Extract the following message transmission parameters from the wireless protocol message: Transmission rate, received signal strength indication, channel information, bandwidth information, transmission duration of physical layer protocol data units, and reservation duration of network allocation vector declarations.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the second interference assessment result of the wireless protocol message on the channel based on the message transmission parameters includes: The signal interference intensity is determined based on the transmission rate and the received signal strength indication; Based on the bandwidth information and the channel information, the frequency domain occupancy of the wireless protocol message on the channel is determined, and based on the transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data unit and the reservation duration of the network allocation vector declaration, the time domain occupancy of the wireless protocol message on the channel is determined. Based on the frequency domain occupancy and the time domain occupancy, the first air interface resource occupancy of the channel is determined; The signal interference intensity and the first air interface resource occupancy are determined as the second interference assessment result.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of the time domain occupancy of the radio protocol message on the channel based on the transmission duration of the physical layer protocol data unit and the reservation duration declared by the network allocation vector includes: If the first time period covered by the transmission duration overlaps with the second time period covered by the reservation duration, the first time period and the second time period are merged and deduplicated in the time dimension to obtain a third time period, and the duration of the third time period is determined as the time domain occupancy. Obtain the target duration actually required for the communication interaction link corresponding to the wireless protocol message. If the reserved duration is greater than the target duration, determine the time domain occupancy based on the transmission duration.

5. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first interference assessment result is the amount of second air interface resources occupied by the non-protocol energy signal on the channel, and the third interference assessment result is the probability of channel conflict between the second wireless device and the first wireless device. The step of generating a channel quality assessment result based on the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result includes: Based on the first air interface resource occupancy and the second air interface resource occupancy included in the second interference assessment result, the total air interface resource occupancy of the channel is determined, and based on the total air interface resource occupancy, the first channel availability of the channel is determined; Based on the collision probability and the first channel availability, the second channel availability of the channel is determined; The channel quality assessment result is determined based on the signal interference intensity and the second channel availability.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of parsing the radio protocol message to obtain the channel access parameters of the overlapping basic service set includes: From the wireless protocol messages, determine the beacon frames sent by the access points of the overlapping basic service set; The channel access parameters of the wireless devices accessing the access point are extracted from the beacon frame.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Before determining the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device located in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device for the channel based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters, the method further includes: Extract the sender address and receiver address from the wireless protocol message, and determine the wireless devices indicated by the sender address and receiver address as third wireless devices; The step of determining the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device for the channel based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters includes: Extract the fourth wireless device that interferes with the channel from the record of the second interference assessment result, and identify the wireless devices other than the fourth wireless device among the third wireless devices as the second wireless device; If the second wireless device is a wireless device accessing the access point, the probability of a channel conflict between the second wireless device and the first wireless device is determined based on the channel access parameters. The probability of conflict is taken as the result of the third interference assessment.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The channel is the operating channel of the first wireless device; after generating the channel quality assessment result of the channel, the method further includes: Control the first wireless device to switch from the working channel to the non-working channel, and acquire the target wireless protocol message when the first wireless device is in the non-working channel; From the target radio protocol message, identify a first target radio protocol message whose main channel is different from the working channel and whose extended channel covers the working channel; Extract the message features of the first target wireless protocol message, and correct the channel quality assessment result based on the message features.

9. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The step of controlling the first wireless device to switch from the working channel to the non-working channel includes: When the target time arrives after the first beacon transmission time of the associated access point of the first wireless device, control the first wireless device to switch from the working channel to the non-working channel. The method further includes: If the duration of the first wireless device in the non-working channel reaches a duration threshold, the first wireless device is controlled to switch from the non-working channel to the working channel. The duration threshold is used to constrain the first wireless device to switch from the non-working channel to the working channel before the arrival of the second beacon transmission time. The second beacon transmission time is the next beacon transmission time after the first beacon transmission time, and the target time is located before the second beacon transmission time.

10. A channel quality assessment device, characterized in that, Applied to a first wireless device, the device includes: The first acquisition module is used to acquire non-protocol energy signals in the channel and determine the first interference assessment result of the non-protocol energy signals on the channel; The second acquisition module is used to acquire wireless protocol messages in the channel whose receiver is not the first wireless device, and to extract the message transmission parameters of the wireless protocol messages. The first determining module is used to determine the second interference assessment result of the wireless protocol message on the channel based on the message transmission parameters; The second determining module is used to parse the wireless protocol message to obtain the channel access parameters of the overlapping basic service set, and based on the second interference assessment result and the channel access parameters, determine the third interference assessment result of the second wireless device in the signal detection blind zone of the first wireless device for the channel. The generation module is used to generate a channel quality assessment result for the channel based on the first interference assessment result, the second interference assessment result, and the third interference assessment result.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: Memory is used to store executable instructions for a computer; A processor, when executing computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, implements the channel quality assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions or a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer-executable instructions or computer program are executed by a processor, the channel quality assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

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