Positioner management circuit, positioning method of positioner, positioner and product

Abstract

This application discloses a locator management circuit, a locator positioning method, a locator, and a product. The locator management circuit includes an energy harvester, an energy collection and management module, an energy storage unit, and a back-end circuit. The back-end circuit includes a Bluetooth module and a microcontroller. The energy harvester is used to collect energy from the environment; the energy collection and management module is used to output the energy collected by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage; the energy storage unit is used to power the back-end circuit; and the microcontroller is used to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network when the energy storage unit meets preset sufficient energy conditions, thereby achieving the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator. Compared with traditional battery-powered Bluetooth locators, this self-powered Bluetooth locator has advantages such as no battery and no need for replacement, greatly improving its ease of use and durability, reducing usage costs, and avoiding environmental pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of positioning technology, and in particular to locator management circuits, locator positioning methods, locators, and products. Background Technology

[0002] Miniature GPS trackers can be attached to users' personal belongings to help them locate and find them. Current miniature GPS trackers are generally powered by button batteries (such as the CR2032), which typically last about a year before needing to be replaced. This not only causes inconvenience to users but also results in significant environmental pollution and waste from the annual battery replacements.

[0003] Therefore, improving the ease of use of small positioning devices, reducing usage costs, and minimizing environmental pollution are issues that need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a locator management circuit, a locator positioning method, a locator, and a product, which can improve the ease of use of small locators, reduce usage costs, and minimize environmental pollution. The specific solution is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application discloses a locator management circuit, including an energy harvester, an energy collection and management module, an energy storage unit, and a back-end circuit. The back-end circuit includes a Bluetooth module and a microcontroller, wherein...

[0006] The energy harvester is used to harvest energy from the environment;

[0007] The energy harvesting and management module is used to output the energy harvested by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage;

[0008] The energy storage unit is used to supply power to the back-end circuit;

[0009] The microcontroller is used to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, and to report the positioning data of the device that receives the broadcast in the positioning service network to the cloud server, so as to realize the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator.

[0010] Optionally, the energy harvesting and management module is further configured to: compare the voltage of the energy storage unit with a preset threshold, wherein the preset threshold includes a first preset threshold, a second preset threshold, and a third preset threshold, the first preset threshold being less than the second preset threshold, and the second preset threshold being less than the third preset threshold;

[0011] If the voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, a first signal is sent to the microcontroller to notify the microcontroller that the energy storage unit meets the preset energy sufficiency condition;

[0012] If the voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, a second signal is sent to the microcontroller to control the microcontroller to increase the frequency at which the Bluetooth module broadcasts.

[0013] If the voltage is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the first control switch is controlled to stop the output of energy collected by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit.

[0014] Optionally, the energy storage unit includes a capacitor and a second control switch, and the energy harvesting and management module is further used for:

[0015] If the voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, a first control signal is sent to the energy storage unit to cause the capacitor to release electrical energy based on the second control switch;

[0016] If the voltage is less than or equal to the fourth preset threshold, a second control signal is sent to the energy storage unit to stop the capacitor from releasing electrical energy based on the second control switch, and the first switch is controlled to output the energy collected by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage, wherein the fourth preset threshold is less than the first preset threshold.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes an interface circuit connected to the energy harvesting and management module for collecting the electrical energy output by the energy harvester.

[0018] Optionally, the back-end circuit further includes a non-volatile memory for storing a public key, wherein the public key is a public key negotiated between the user equipment and the locator;

[0019] Accordingly, the microcontroller is used to read the public key from the non-volatile memory, control the Bluetooth module to broadcast the public key to access the location service network, and, based on the device receiving the broadcast in the location service network, use the public key to encrypt the device's own location data and report it to the cloud server, thereby realizing the location of the target object equipped with the locator.

[0020] Optionally, the back-end circuitry further includes a near-field wireless communication circuit for:

[0021] The system pairs with the user equipment and negotiates to obtain the public key, and obtains energy from the user equipment, and saves the public key to the non-volatile memory based on the energy.

[0022] Optionally, the back-end circuitry further includes an ultra-wideband circuit for:

[0023] The location information of the locator is sent to the user device that has established a Bluetooth connection with the locator.

[0024] Optionally, the back-end circuitry also includes a speaker for:

[0025] The speaker emits sound under the control of the microcontroller, which responds to a speaker control signal sent by the user equipment.

[0026] Secondly, this application discloses a positioning method for a locator, including:

[0027] Harvesting energy from the environment using energy harvesters;

[0028] The energy harvester collects energy using an energy harvesting and management module and outputs it to the energy storage unit for storage.

[0029] The back-end circuit is powered by an energy storage unit, and the back-end circuit includes a Bluetooth module and a microcontroller.

[0030] When the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, the microcontroller controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network, and based on the location data of the device that receives the broadcast in the positioning service network, reports the device's own location data to the cloud server to realize the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator.

[0031] Optional, also includes:

[0032] When the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a preset time is waited. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user device is not re-established, the step of using the microcontroller to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the location service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset energy sufficiency condition is triggered.

[0033] Optionally, if the energy storage unit meets the preset energy shortage condition, the locator is controlled to enter a shutdown state. In the shutdown state, the energy storage unit stops releasing electrical energy and outputs the energy collected by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage.

[0034] Optionally, when the locator is woken up from the shutdown state, the step of using the microcontroller to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the location service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions is triggered.

[0035] Optionally, when the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a preset time is waited. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user device is not re-established, or when the locator is woken up from the shutdown state and enters the separation state, in the separation state, the microcontroller controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions.

[0036] Optionally, the microcontroller, when the energy storage unit meets a preset sufficient energy condition, controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the location service network, including:

[0037] When the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, the microcontroller reads the public key from the non-volatile memory and controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast the public key to access the location service network.

[0038] Optional, also includes:

[0039] In the unpaired state, it broadcasts a non-directional connectable broadcast signal and waits to establish a Bluetooth connection with the user device. Once a Bluetooth connection is established with the user device and pairing is completed, it enters the user connection state.

[0040] In the user connection state, negotiate a public-private key pair with the user equipment and save the public key in the public-private key pair to the non-volatile memory.

[0041] Optionally, when the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a preset time is waited. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user device is not re-established, the device enters a disconnected state, including:

[0042] In the user connection state, when the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a connection transition state is entered;

[0043] In the connection transition state, wait for a preset time. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user equipment is not re-established, enter the disconnect state. If the connection with the user equipment is re-established, enter the user connection state.

[0044] Thirdly, this application discloses a locator, including a housing and a circuit board disposed within the housing, the circuit board including the aforementioned locator management circuit.

[0045] Optionally, the energy harvester may employ one or more combinations of photovoltaic solar panels, triboelectric nanogenerators, electromagnetic generators, and piezoelectric ceramic generators.

[0046] Optionally, the energy harvester uses a solar panel, and the photovoltaic solar panel is connected to the energy harvesting and management module.

[0047] Optionally, the energy harvester is an electromagnetic generator, which includes a coil, a magnet assembly, and an energy harvesting device for converting external vibrations. The energy harvesting device is used to drive the magnet or the coil, causing the magnet and the coil to move relative to each other, thereby cutting magnetic field lines to generate electricity.

[0048] Optionally, the energy harvesting device employs a counterweight, which is directly or indirectly connected to the magnet or the coil.

[0049] Fourthly, this application discloses a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the aforementioned method.

[0050] Fifthly, this application discloses a non-volatile storage medium for storing a computer program, wherein the computer program implements the aforementioned method when executed by a processor.

[0051] As can be seen from the above solutions, this application discloses a locator management circuit, including an energy harvester, an energy collection and management module, an energy storage unit, and a back-end circuit. The back-end circuit includes a Bluetooth module and a microcontroller. The energy harvester is used to collect energy from the environment; the energy collection and management module is used to output the energy collected by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage; the energy storage unit is used to power the back-end circuit; and the microcontroller is used to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, and to report the positioning data of the device that receives the broadcast in the positioning service network to the cloud server, thereby realizing the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator.

[0052] As can be seen, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: the energy harvester in the locator management circuit collects energy from the environment, and the energy harvesting and management module outputs the collected energy to the energy storage unit for storage. When the preset energy is sufficient, the Bluetooth module is controlled to broadcast to access the positioning service network. Based on the device receiving the broadcast in the positioning service network, the device reports its own positioning data to the cloud server, thereby realizing the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator. In this way, the locator does not need to be equipped with a battery, which can improve the ease of use of small locators, reduce the cost of use and environmental pollution.

[0053] Correspondingly, the positioning method, positioning device, product, and medium provided in this application also have the aforementioned technical effects. Attached Figure Description

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a locator management circuit structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a locator management circuit hardware architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of capacitor charging and discharging in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Figure 4 This application provides a schematic diagram of the on / off state of SW1 in an embodiment.

[0059] Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of the on / off state of SW2 in an embodiment.

[0060] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating a positioning method for a locator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the state transition of a locator's state machine provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a solar-powered locator provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration energy-based positioner provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0065] Currently, common GPS trackers can be broadly categorized into two types: those based on the GPS (Global Positioning System) and those utilizing Bluetooth technology and location service networks (MSNs). Smaller GPS trackers, such as the AirTag, are available in various sizes, with some as small as a keychain. GPS-based trackers consume significant energy to receive GPS signals, making miniaturization difficult. While they offer accurate real-time positioning, they typically require large-capacity batteries and periodic charging, making them unsuitable for tracking and locating objects nearby. MSN-based trackers require at least one non-rechargeable button cell battery. To maintain operation, the battery usually needs to be replaced annually. This not only inconveniences users but also results in significant environmental pollution and waste from the annual battery replacements.

[0066] Given that GPS-based positioning devices typically consume high power, are difficult to miniaturize and integrate, and are inconvenient for users to carry, and that these devices generally cannot provide high positioning accuracy, existing small locators, while useful for locating and finding personal items, are powered by button batteries that typically last only about a year before requiring battery replacement. This application provides a locator management circuit, a locator positioning method, a locator, and a product that does not contain batteries. This eliminates the inconvenience of periodically replacing batteries in small locators, improves their ease of use, and reduces operating costs and environmental pollution.

[0067] See Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a locator management circuit, including: an energy harvester 11, an energy harvesting and management module 12, an energy storage unit 13, and a back-end circuit 14. The back-end circuit 14 includes a Bluetooth module and a microcontroller.

[0068] The energy harvester 11 is used to harvest energy from the environment;

[0069] The energy harvesting and management module 12 is used to output the energy harvested by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage;

[0070] The energy storage unit 13 is used to supply power to the back-end circuit;

[0071] The microcontroller is used to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, and to report the positioning data of the device that receives the broadcast in the positioning service network to the cloud server, so as to realize the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator.

[0072] Among them, the energy harvester 11 can harvest solar energy, vibration energy, etc. from the environment, and can adopt any one or a combination of PV (Photovoltaic solar power panel), TENG (Triboelectric nanogenerator), EMG (Ectro-Magnetic Generator), PZT (Piezoelectric ceramic transducer).

[0073] In an optional embodiment, an interface circuit connected to the energy harvesting and management module is included for collecting the electrical energy output by the energy harvester. In one optional embodiment, the interface circuit is a low-dropout rectifier bridge, used to convert the AC power output by the energy harvester 11 into DC power. The low-dropout rectifier bridge can achieve a lower voltage drop during rectification, resulting in less energy loss during conversion and thus improving the efficiency of the device. The low-dropout rectifier bridge can consist of four diodes, which, through a reasonable connection method, can rectify the positive and negative half-cycles of the AC power in one cycle. That is, the energy harvester 11 is connected to the low-dropout rectifier bridge, and the collected energy is transmitted to the energy harvesting and management module 12 through the low-dropout rectifier bridge. In other words, the low-dropout rectifier bridge can be designed for some energy harvesters that generate AC power (such as EMG, TENG, PZT, etc.). It exists as an optional component depending on the specific energy harvester used. For example, solar energy does not require rectification; vibration energy harvesters can be designed with a dedicated, more efficient AC / DC synchronous switching interface circuit.

[0074] In an optional implementation, the energy harvester 11 is directly connected to the energy harvesting and management module 12.

[0075] The energy harvesting and management module 12 may include an undervoltage lockout (UVLO) circuit, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuit, a DC-to-DC boost circuit and a DC-to-DC buck circuit, and a linear regulator (LDO), which can be adjusted according to the energy harvester used. In this embodiment, the appropriate boost / buck circuit can be selected based on the relative magnitude of the output voltage of the energy harvester and the voltage of the downstream circuit.

[0076] In an optional implementation, the energy harvesting and management module is further configured to: compare the voltage of the energy storage unit with a preset threshold, wherein the preset threshold includes a first preset threshold, a second preset threshold, and a third preset threshold, the first preset threshold being less than the second preset threshold, and the second preset threshold being less than the third preset threshold; if the voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, send a first signal to the microcontroller to notify the microcontroller that the energy storage unit meets the preset energy sufficiency condition; if the voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, send a second signal to the microcontroller to control the microcontroller to increase the frequency at which the Bluetooth module broadcasts; if the voltage is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, control a first control switch to stop outputting the energy harvested by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage. The first control switch is a component of the energy storage unit.

[0077] Furthermore, the energy storage unit may also include a capacitor and a second control switch. The energy harvesting and management module is further configured to: if the voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, send a first control signal to the energy storage unit to cause the capacitor to release electrical energy based on the second control switch; if the voltage is less than or equal to the fourth preset threshold, send a second control signal to the energy storage unit to cause the capacitor to stop releasing electrical energy based on the second control switch, and control the first switch to output the energy harvested by the energy collector to the energy storage unit for storage, wherein the fourth preset threshold is less than the first preset threshold. The size of the capacitor needs to be selected based on a comprehensive consideration of the power of the back-end circuit and the output power of the energy harvester.

[0078] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, by controlling the opening and closing state of the first control switch, the capacitor can be charged and stopped, and by controlling the opening and closing state of the second control switch, the capacitor can be discharged and stopped.

[0079] Furthermore, the backend circuit may also include a non-volatile memory for storing a public key, wherein the public key is a public key negotiated between the user equipment and the locator. Correspondingly, the microcontroller is used to read the public key from the non-volatile memory, control the Bluetooth module to broadcast the public key to access the location service network, and, based on the device receiving the broadcast in the location service network, encrypt its own location data using the public key and report it to the cloud server, thereby achieving the location of the target object equipped with the locator. The user equipment can obtain the location data from the cloud server and decrypt it using the public key. In addition, in this embodiment, broadcasting the public key may include generating a derived key based on the public key and broadcasting the derived key. The location service network in this embodiment is a network used to achieve location tracking. User equipment can access this network periodically and achieve location tracking by reporting location information to the cloud server. User equipment includes, but is not limited to, smartphones, tablets, personal computers, wearable devices, etc. This embodiment does not limit the operating system used by the user equipment, including but not limited to Android, iOS, etc.

[0080] In one optional implementation, the backend circuitry further includes a near-field communication (NFC) circuit for: pairing with the user equipment and negotiating the public key, and acquiring energy from the user equipment, and storing the public key in the non-volatile memory based on the energy. In another optional implementation, the Bluetooth module is also used to pair with the user equipment and negotiate the public key. That is, the pairing and key negotiation processes in this embodiment can be implemented by a Bluetooth module or by a near-field communication circuit.

[0081] In an optional implementation, the back-end circuitry further includes an ultra-wideband circuit for: sending the location information of the locator to a user device that has established a Bluetooth connection with the locator.

[0082] In an optional implementation, the back-end circuitry further includes a speaker for: emitting sound under the control of the microcontroller, wherein the microcontroller controls the speaker to emit sound in response to a speaker control signal sent by the user equipment.

[0083] The ultra-wideband circuitry provides accurate and reliable positioning when the user needs the precise location of the miniature locator and is relatively close to it. When the user is near the miniature locator, the user device can control a speaker to emit sound via Bluetooth, thus helping the user determine the locator's exact location.

[0084] In the locator management circuit of this application embodiment, the energy harvesting and management module is connected to the energy harvester and the energy storage unit, and outputs the energy harvested by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage. The energy storage unit is connected to the back-end circuit and is used to power the back-end circuit. It can be connected to each module in the back-end circuit to power each module. In optional embodiments, the energy storage unit can be connected to a Bluetooth module, a microcontroller, a non-volatile memory, an ultra-wideband circuit, a speaker, and a short-range wireless communication circuit to provide power. The energy harvesting and management module is connected to the microcontroller and is used to send signals to notify the energy storage status of the energy storage unit. The microcontroller is connected to the Bluetooth module, non-volatile memory, ultra-wideband circuit, speaker, and short-range wireless communication circuit to control the operation of the Bluetooth module, non-volatile memory, ultra-wideband circuit, speaker, and short-range wireless communication circuit.

[0085] As can be seen, the embodiments of this application collect energy from the environment through the energy harvester in the locator management circuit, and output the collected energy to the energy storage unit for storage through the energy collection and management module. When the preset energy is sufficient, the Bluetooth module is controlled to broadcast to access the positioning service network. Based on the device receiving the broadcast in the positioning service network, the device reports its own positioning data to the cloud server, thereby realizing the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator. In this way, the locator does not need to be equipped with a battery, which can improve the ease of use of small locators, reduce the cost of use and environmental pollution.

[0086] Further, see Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The schematic diagram of a locator management circuit hardware architecture provided in the embodiments of this application may include a Hervester (power generation module), i.e., an energy harvester, and an EMU (i.e., an energy harvesting and management module). This includes an energy storage unit and back-end circuitry. The back-end circuitry comprises an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), a BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) module, and FRAM (Functional RAM). It can be expanded to include UWB (Ultra Wideband) circuitry, NFC (Near Field Communication) circuitry, and a Loud Speaker. It is understood that the locator management circuitry in this embodiment may include an energy harvester, a main control chip (microcontroller), and a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radio frequency signal transmission circuit. It can also be expanded to include a UWB radio frequency signal transmission circuit and a speaker, among other circuit designs, to assist users in quickly locating the locator's position. Figure 2 Solid arrows indicate energy flow paths, while dashed arrows indicate signal flow paths. Figure 2 The modules within the dashed boxes are optional system modules, while the modules within the solid boxes are essential modules in the locator management circuit of one optional embodiment. The following will provide a detailed explanation of each module as shown above:

[0087] Among them, the energy harvester can be Figure 2 This invention relates to a combination of one or more environmental energy harvesters, such as photovoltaic solar panels, triboelectric nanogenerators, electromagnetic generators, piezoelectric ceramic generators, etc. Depending on the application scenario, different environmental energy harvesters can be used, leading to various forms of this application. The main components can consist of three parts: an energy harvesting and management module, a logic circuit microcontroller and basic peripheral circuits (low-power Bluetooth RF circuitry), and non-volatile memory (e.g., FRAM). Furthermore, ultra-wideband wireless RF circuitry, near-field communication circuitry, and speaker circuitry can be added to the peripheral circuitry section.

[0088] The energy harvesting part consists of an optional low-dropout rectifier bridge, an EMU, and a temporary energy storage capacitor. The low-dropout rectifier bridge is designed for some energy harvesters that generate alternating current (such as EMG, TENG, PZT, etc.). Therefore, the low-dropout rectifier bridge is not essential for the overall system construction but exists as an optional part depending on the specific energy harvester used. The EMU module needs to be changed according to the different Harvesters and can be composed of combinations of circuits such as an under-voltage lockout (UVLO) circuit, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuit, a DC-to-DC boost circuit, a DC-to-DC buck circuit, and a linear voltage regulator (LDO). The corresponding boost or buck circuit can be selected according to the relative magnitude relationship between the output voltage of the energy harvester and the voltage of the backend load. Different EMU modules have different output voltages for the Harvester and different output voltages for the backend circuit. The temporary energy storage capacitor part ( ), as the energy storage unit in the system, will temporarily store the energy output by the EMU. The EMU determines that when a certain threshold voltage is reached, the energy stored in the capacitor is released to the backend circuit to maintain the normal operation of the backend circuit. The size selection of the specific energy storage unit needs to be comprehensively considered based on the power of the backend circuit and the output power of the energy harvester. An overly large energy storage unit can ensure the normal operation of the backend circuit each time, but at the same time, it will cause problems such as too long single charging time and low task execution frequency, and vice versa. During the actual manufacturing process, the energy consumption required by the backend circuit can be measured first, and the corresponding capacitor size can be selected based on the voltage, capacitance, and energy relationship.

[0089] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of capacitor charging and discharging provided by an embodiment of this application. The energy harvesting and management module compares the voltage of the energy storage unit with a preset threshold, sends corresponding signals, realizes capacitor charging and discharging control, and notifies the MCU of the energy storage situation of the energy storage unit. Among them, the preset threshold includes a first preset threshold, a second preset threshold, a third preset threshold, and a fourth preset threshold. The judgment threshold corresponding to the signal is the voltage of the capacitor, and the threshold voltages increase in order from smallest to largest as P1 < P2 < P3 < P4. P1 is the fourth preset threshold, P2 is the first preset threshold, P3 is the second preset threshold, and P4 is the third preset threshold. Figure 3 In

[0090] Initially, the capacitor voltage is 0. The EMU stores the electrical energy collected by Harvester in the energy storage device. SW1 (i.e., the first control switch) is closed, and SW2 (i.e., the second control switch) is open.

[0091] When the capacitor voltage reaches the P1 threshold, SW1 remains closed and SW2 remains open, and the capacitor continues to charge.

[0092] When the capacitor voltage reaches the P2 threshold, SW1 remains closed. At this time, SW2 closes, and the circuit is fully connected. The connection of the back-end circuit will cause a momentary drop in the capacitor voltage. However, since the EMU is simultaneously charging the capacitor, if the power supply is sufficient, the capacitor voltage will fluctuate between P1 and P2 as the back-end circuit performs its tasks (during task execution, i.e., broadcasting, the capacitor voltage drops but does not fall below P1; during the broadcast interval, the back-end circuit consumes very little energy, and the capacitor voltage rises slightly under EMU charging). At this time, if... Figure 3 As shown, when the EMU determines that the capacitor voltage reaches (≥) the P2 threshold, it will not only turn on SW2, but also send a level signal to the MCU (informing the MCU that the energy is at least sufficient to complete one broadcast task).

[0093] When the environmental energy collected by the Harvester disappears (e.g., sunlight disappears, mechanical vibration stops), the power supplied by the EMU to the capacitor decreases (or may disappear entirely, dropping to 0). At this point, the capacitor voltage will continue to drop until it falls below (or ≤) the P1 threshold. The EMU will then send a P1 signal to the MCU, instructing it to perform some data saving operations before the power failure (the MCU may choose not to save data, but by receiving this signal, it will know that the energy is insufficient and enter a shutdown state). Afterward, the EMU will control switch SW1 to close and SW2 to open, stopping the capacitor from supplying power to the downstream circuitry to store energy. The capacitor may self-discharge at this time, and even without downstream circuitry consumption, the voltage will slowly decrease until environmental energy is restored.

[0094] Additionally, when the ambient energy is consistently sufficient and the power supply is significantly greater than the consumption of the back-end circuitry, the capacitor voltage will fluctuate and rise during back-end circuit operation until it reaches (≥) the P3 threshold. At this point, the EMU will send a P3 signal to the MCU. Upon receiving this signal, the MCU will adjust the execution frequency of the actual task (broadcast). When the ambient energy is still sufficient, the capacitor voltage will continue to fluctuate and rise during back-end circuit operation after reaching P3. When the voltage rises to the P4 threshold voltage, the EMU will disconnect SW1 to prevent the capacitor voltage from becoming too high. At this time, since SW2 remains open, the capacitor voltage will continuously decrease under the consumption of the back-end circuitry until it drops to (≤) the P1 voltage threshold, thus entering the aforementioned (≤) P1 threshold condition.

[0095] From the perspective of SW1 and SW2's closing and opening: both are hysteresis switches, and their opening and closing states are as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown.

[0096] The MCU will complete the control logic for the entire system operation by running a preset state machine. The BLE module will connect the small locator to the location service network, such as the FindMy network, by broadcasting a key. When other Apple devices in the vicinity receive the key, they will package the local location information along with the key and upload it to the cloud server.

[0097] The necessary components of the peripheral circuitry include a BLE radio frequency module and non-volatile memory (in this embodiment, FRAM is used for intermittent computation). After the system is paired with the user's Apple device, the public key generated during pairing is stored in the non-volatile memory. Each time, when there is sufficient external energy (greater than or equal to a first preset threshold), the MCU reads the stored public key from the non-volatile memory, encodes it, and then broadcasts it externally via the BLE circuit in the form of a beacon broadcast.

[0098] The expandable UWB circuitry is used when a user needs to pinpoint the exact location of a small locator and is relatively close to it. The UWB circuitry provides accurate and reliable positioning, but it's important to note that this circuitry typically consumes significantly more power than BLE circuitry. The expandable speaker module serves essentially the same purpose as the UWB module; it allows the user to connect their device via Bluetooth to control the speaker, thus helping the user determine the locator's precise location when they are close to it.

[0099] The expandable NFC circuitry can be used to store the public key for pairing the user with the mini-locator when the user uses it for the first time. Using the NFC circuitry to accomplish this, the NFC circuitry itself can obtain the energy needed for the passive mini-locator to store the public key through the NFC coil; furthermore, the NFC pairing process is simplified by simply tapping the user's NFC-enabled device against the mini-locator after configuring the settings, making the operation easier for the user. The configuration information can include the public and private keys generated during device pairing, as well as a tag on the user's device.

[0100] Thus, a locator management circuit for a self-powered, small locator based on the FindMy network is proposed. This small locator does not require any disposable or rechargeable batteries for power, nor does it require power via wired means such as cables. This application uses the FindMy network as an example, but is not limited to the FindMy network or Apple devices; it can be used with other location service networks and other user devices.

[0101] Further, see Figure 6 As shown, a positioning method for a locator includes:

[0102] Step S11: Collect energy from the environment using an energy harvester.

[0103] The locator in this application embodiment includes the positioning management circuit disclosed in the foregoing embodiments. The content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] Step S12: Use the energy harvesting and management module to output the energy harvested by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage.

[0105] Step S13: Power the back-end circuit through the energy storage unit. The back-end circuit includes a Bluetooth module and a microcontroller.

[0106] Step S14: When the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, the microcontroller controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network, and based on the device receiving the broadcast in the positioning service network, reports its own positioning data to the cloud server to realize the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator.

[0107] In this embodiment of the application, when the Bluetooth connection with the user equipment is disconnected and a preset time is waited, if the preset time is reached and the connection with the user equipment is not re-established, the step of using the microcontroller to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the location service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset energy sufficiency condition is triggered.

[0108] Furthermore, when the energy storage unit meets the preset energy shortage condition, the locator is controlled to enter a shutdown state. In the shutdown state, the energy storage unit stops releasing electrical energy and outputs the energy collected by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage.

[0109] In this embodiment of the application, when the locator is woken up from the shutdown state, the step of using the microcontroller to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the location service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions is triggered.

[0110] The above steps S11 to S14 do not restrict the order in which the steps are performed.

[0111] In an optional implementation, this embodiment can implement the positioning method using a state machine. The state machine includes an unpaired state, a user-connected state, a connection transition state, a disconnected state, and a shutdown state. The unpaired state is the initial state of the locator, which is the state where, when the ambient energy collected by the locator is sufficient to maintain normal operation (greater than or equal to a first preset threshold), the locator checks and finds that no paired public key is stored in its non-volatile memory. At this time, the locator does not save the public key after pairing with a specific user. The locator will also enter this state when the user disconnects from the locator via a button on the locator or through a user device connected to the locator, clearing the public key from the locator's non-volatile memory. In other words, the unpaired state is the state where the locator is not paired with a user device. The user-connected state is the state where the locator has established a Bluetooth connection with the user device and is paired. The connection transition state is the state within a preset time after disconnecting the Bluetooth connection with the paired user device. The disconnected state is the state where the locator has not reconnected after a preset time after disconnecting the Bluetooth connection with the paired user device, or the state entered after the locator is woken up. The shutdown state is the state where there is insufficient energy and the locator stops working.

[0112] In this embodiment, when the Bluetooth connection with the user equipment is disconnected, a preset time is waited. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user equipment is not re-established, or when the locator is woken up from the shutdown state and enters the separation state, in the separation state, the microcontroller controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions.

[0113] The method of using the microcontroller to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the location service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions includes: using the microcontroller to read the public key from the non-volatile memory when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, and controlling the Bluetooth module to broadcast the public key to access the location service network.

[0114] In the unpaired state, it broadcasts a non-directional connectable broadcast signal and waits to establish a Bluetooth connection with the user equipment. Once a Bluetooth connection is established and pairing is completed with the user equipment, it enters the user connection state. In the user connection state, it negotiates a public-private key pair with the user equipment and saves the public key in the public-private key pair to the non-volatile memory.

[0115] Furthermore, when the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a preset time is waited. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user device is not re-established, the device enters a disconnected state, including: in the user connected state, when the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a connection transition state is entered; in the connection transition state, a preset time is waited, and if the preset time is reached and the connection with the user device is not re-established, the device enters a disconnected state; if the connection with the user device is re-established, the device enters the user connected state.

[0116] As can be seen, the embodiments of this application collect energy from the environment through the energy harvester in the locator management circuit, and output the collected energy to the energy storage unit for storage through the energy collection and management module. When the preset energy is sufficient, the Bluetooth module is controlled to broadcast to access the positioning service network. Based on the device receiving the broadcast in the positioning service network, the device reports its own positioning data to the cloud server, thereby realizing the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator. In this way, the locator does not need to be equipped with a battery, which can improve the ease of use of small locators, reduce the cost of use and environmental pollution.

[0117] Further, see Figure 7 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a state transition diagram of the state machine of a locator. The locator operates in five states: Unpaired, Connected, Nearby (when the user is near the mini locator and has just disconnected from it), Separated, and Stopsys. Figure 7 In the diagram, dashed lines represent state transitions when environmental energy supply is insufficient; solid lines represent state transitions when environmental energy supply is sufficient. The following sections will further elaborate on each state:

[0118] Unpaired: This is the initial state of the mini locator. It occurs when the ambient energy collected by the mini locator is sufficient to maintain its normal operation, and the mini locator checks its non-volatile memory and finds no paired public key stored there (as shown by the WakeUp(1) arrow in Figure 7). Note that this process also occurs during the first power-on startup of the mini locator. At this time, the mini locator has not saved the public key paired with a specific user. When the user disconnects from the mini locator via a button on the mini locator or through a user device connected to the mini locator and clears the public key from the mini locator's non-volatile memory (e.g., ...). Figure 7As shown by the Unpair arrow in the diagram, the miniature locator of this application will also be in this state. At this time, the miniature locator will broadcast a non-directional connectable broadcast signal to wait for user connection. When the miniature locator in this application includes an extended NFC module, in addition to Harvester, the miniature locator can also obtain energy from the user device's NFC connection and obtain the public key negotiated between the user device and the miniature locator (this is also the main function of the miniature locator when it is in the user connection state).

[0119] User connection status (Connected): When the user device is connected and paired with the miniature locator via Bluetooth (e.g., ... Figure 7 (As indicated by the "Pairing Complete" arrow in the image) The mini locator will be in this state. When the mini locator enters this state from an unpaired state, it negotiates a key pair with the user equipment. Simultaneously, the mini locator stores the public key in non-volatile memory, while the user equipment stores both the public and private keys. When the mini locator is in a detached state, the user equipment, after initiating a connection (e.g., ...), will be able to connect. Figure 7 (As indicated by the arrow in Connection(1)), the miniature locator will also be in this state. When there is sufficient ambient energy, the miniature locator will maintain a Bluetooth connection with the user's Apple device. As mentioned earlier, if the miniature locator has an NFC circuit, the process of obtaining the public key can also be achieved through NFC communication. If the device does not have NFC, the pairing process also uses Bluetooth.

[0120] Nearby connection transition state: When the user equipment is disconnected from the miniature locator (e.g., ... Figure 7 (As indicated by the Disconnection arrow in the image), the small locator will enter this state. In this state, the small locator will wait for a connection initiated by a paired Apple device from the user, with a waiting time of [time period missing]. This time can be set. If the small locator is in this state, and a user-paired device initiates a Bluetooth connection (such as...), then... Figure 7 (As indicated by the arrow in Connection(2)), the small locator will enter the user connection state; if in Within a certain time period, the user's paired devices did not initiate a Bluetooth connection (e.g. Figure 7 (As shown by the TimeOut arrow in the image), the mini locator will determine that the user's paired device is not near the mini locator, and the mini locator will enter a disconnect state.

[0121] Separated State: This is the state the miniature locator spends most of its time in, except when it enters a connection transition state and waits for a timeout, as mentioned above. It also enters this state when the ambient energy is sufficient to maintain the normal operation of the overall system circuitry, and when it detects a paired public key in non-volatile memory (e.g., ...). Figure 7 The device (WakeUp(2) arrow in the diagram) will also be in this state. It is important to note that the process of waking up from the system shutdown state to the disconnected state is a process that the small locator of this application frequently goes through. In this state, the small locator will intermittently send a non-directional, non-connectable broadcast (ADV_NONCONN_IND), and at the same time, it will broadcast the key obtained by encrypting the previously stored public key as the broadcast payload. When non-user devices connected to the location service network receive this broadcast, they will package their own location information with the received key and upload it to the cloud server of the location service network. When a paired user device receives this broadcast data, it can send a broadcast containing operation information to the small locator through the APP on the device (such as the FindMy app) (or initiate a Bluetooth connection). At this time, if the small locator has a UWB circuit or a speaker circuit, the paired user device can enable the UWB circuit or speaker through the broadcast to provide the user with more accurate location information. In this embodiment, during the initial Unpair state, the locator does not store any user-related public key information. Therefore, it only connects to the user device to transmit the public key after the fully powered device starts operating. In the Decoupled state, the locator has already stored user-related information. At this time, when the harvester collects enough power, it will continuously broadcast the public key.

[0122] System Stopsys: This is the most common state of the small locator. When the energy collected from the environment is insufficient to maintain the normal operation of the small locator, it will be in this state and will continue to collect environmental energy into the energy storage device.

[0123] The overall operation flow of the locator system provided in this application embodiment can be applied to small locators based on the FindMy network, as well as other location service networks. It ensures the reliability of the positioning system and can transmit the location information needed by the user to the user through the location service network. Users only need to purchase a small locator corresponding to their usage scenario. This locator will obtain energy from the surrounding environment and, after the user completes pairing, continuously transmit the key via Bluetooth broadcast to the cloud server through the location service network, waiting for the user to query it when needed.

[0124] Furthermore, this application discloses a locator, including a housing and a circuit board disposed within the housing, the circuit board including the locator management circuit disclosed in the foregoing embodiments.

[0125] In an optional implementation, the energy harvester may employ one or more combinations of photovoltaic solar panels, triboelectric nanogenerators, electromagnetic generators, and piezoelectric ceramic generators.

[0126] In one alternative implementation, the energy harvester employs a solar panel, which is connected to an energy harvesting and management module.

[0127] Solar panels can collect solar energy from the environment and use it for positioning and tracking of outdoor products. Specific applications may include: the top of a user's suitcase; a user's bicycle; or other transportation equipment. See also Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a solar-powered locator provided for an embodiment of this application. The housing may include a front shell and a rear cover. A circuit board is connected to a solar panel to collect solar energy. The circuit board has an extended speaker that can provide auxiliary positioning functionality when the user needs detailed, small-scale location information. The locator can obtain energy from the solar panel and maintain the operation of the main circuitry (as mentioned above, sending a key derived from a paired public key). The solar panel can be an amorphous silicon solar panel, and the circuit board and amorphous silicon solar panel can achieve energy collection in low light conditions. Thus, the locator does not necessarily need to be exposed to sunlight to start; it can also start normally and provide positioning information when the indoor light intensity is suitable. Small locators that only collect ambient light energy are particularly suitable for outdoor use, such as bicycles, which may be exposed to sunlight for extended periods.

[0128] Solar-powered trackers collect solar energy from the environment and apply it to the location and tracking of outdoor products. Specific applications include: Outdoor equipment location tracking: Solar-powered trackers can be used to track the location of outdoor equipment such as drones, electric bicycles, and camping gear. In these environments, the equipment may be exposed to sunlight for extended periods, and solar power reduces the reliance on frequent battery replacements. Logistics and freight management: Placing solar-powered trackers on containers or cargo during long-haul transport helps managers monitor their location in real time, especially suitable for long-haul transportation or shipping. These vehicles are frequently exposed to sunlight during the day, and solar power can significantly extend tracking time. Pet trackers: Placing solar-powered trackers on pet collars is particularly suitable for pets that frequently spend time outdoors, such as sheepdogs and hunting dogs. Sunlight extends the tracker's battery life, reducing the frequency of battery replacements.

[0129] In one alternative embodiment, the energy harvester employs an electromagnetic generator, which includes a coil, a magnet assembly, and an energy harvesting device for converting external vibrations. The energy harvesting device is used to drive the magnet or the coil, causing the magnet and the coil to move relative to each other, thereby cutting magnetic field lines to generate electricity.

[0130] The energy harvesting device may employ a counterweight, which is directly or indirectly connected to the magnet or the coil.

[0131] Collecting vibrational energy from the environment and applying it to the positioning and tracking of indoor and outdoor products can be applied in the following scenarios: devices with a large amount of vibratory energy to be collected, such as user suitcases (mounted on suitcase wheels); devices with a small amount of vibratory energy to be collected, such as user backpacks, which are easily lost; and other applications related to safety. Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration energy-based locator provided in an embodiment of this application. The housing includes a front shell and a rear cover. The energy harvester consists of a coil, magnets, and a mechanical energy harvesting device that converts external vibrations. Specifically, the energy harvester is a vibration energy harvester, and the mechanical energy harvesting device can be a counterweight. It may include an extended speaker to provide auxiliary positioning when the user requires detailed, small-scale positioning. This small locator can obtain energy from the designed vibration energy harvester and maintain the operation of the main circuitry (sending outward a key derived from a paired public key). The vibration energy harvester can consist of a coil, a magnet assembly, and a counterweight that converts external vibrations. This vibration energy harvester converts a periodic reciprocating motion into unidirectional motion of the internal counterweight, thereby collecting energy from environmental vibrations into an energy storage unit. Under the control of the EMU, this energy is released to the MCU at appropriate times to complete the beacon broadcasting task of the public key.

[0132] It's important to note that this type of locator relies on external vibration energy. When installed on the wheels of a suitcase, it can easily obtain sufficient energy to broadcast the public key as the suitcase moves. However, for applications like backpacks where a large amount of environmental vibration energy cannot be provided, the broadcast frequency of this type of self-powered miniature locator will be limited. Nevertheless, this miniature locator still meets the requirement of intermittent broadcasting for assisted positioning.

[0133] The locator provided in this application does not have a fixed form in terms of appearance. The power generation module used can be changed and the appearance can be designed accordingly based on specific application scenarios. It should be noted that any locator composed of the aforementioned components falls within the scope of this invention. The above are two possible forms of the locator under different application scenarios. It can be a self-powered small locator based on the FindMy network. It realizes a completely battery-free circuit system design, a reliable positioning system design, and a universal design, suitable for various environmental energy harvesting scenarios and application scenarios, and has high versatility: the use of various environmental energy harvesters facilitates the application of this invention in various scenarios, and the positioning characteristics based on the positioning service network also enable the locator of this application to be applicable to positioning in complex urban environments. No battery is required, eliminating the cost of battery replacement and maintenance.

[0134] In this embodiment, the working principle of the small locator based on a location service network is as follows: The main function of the small locator is to help users locate and find personal items (such as keys, wallets, or backpacks). It can communicate with nearby user devices using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology, and use these devices as relay stations to help the locator send its location data to a cloud server. The user then retrieves this data from the cloud to obtain the location of the corresponding item. Simultaneously, its internal ultra-wideband radio frequency circuitry provides the user with accurate positioning of the locator when the user approaches it. The locator may also include Near Field Communication (NFC) circuitry and a speaker; the former allows the user device to quickly initialize the locator, while the latter provides auxiliary positioning when the user is searching for the locator. The working principle of the locator can be briefly described as follows:

[0135] First, the user device establishes a Bluetooth connection with a locator that has not been used (or whose data has been cleared) or other similar locators (these devices are collectively referred to as Accessory in the location service network, and will be referred to by this name in the following description). The user device's app negotiates a key pair with the Accessory, with the app storing the private key and the Accessory storing the public key.

[0136] After obtaining the public key, the Accessory continuously broadcasts BLE beacons, transmitting a modified key derived from the public key. To reduce power consumption, the Accessory does not broadcast continuously but periodically. When not broadcasting the key, the Accessory remains in a dormant state.

[0137] When user devices (including devices not belonging to the user) in the vicinity of this Accessory detect the broadcast, they combine the key within with their own location data, package it, and upload it to a cloud server. When the user needs to locate the Accessory, the app retrieves these location reports from the cloud server and, combined with the stored public key, parses the relevant location data to obtain the approximate location of the Accessory. When approaching the Accessory, the user device can establish a Bluetooth connection with it. At this time, the Accessory will activate its UWB circuitry to transmit more detailed location information to the user device. During this process, the user can also control the Accessory to emit sound via their mobile phone for convenient and rapid location tracking.

[0138] The system design to help users quickly locate the Accessory doesn't need this part; Accessory location based on the location service network can still be completed normally. During the normal operation of a small locator, it doesn't need to continuously broadcast the key; intermittent broadcasting is sufficient. This is because, considering the working scenario of such a small locator—preventing the loss of nearby items and locating them—it doesn't need to provide users with real-time location information, but rather with the locator's approximate location or the location information from the last broadcast.

[0139] This application addresses the specific operating scenarios of small locators (requiring only intermittent broadcasting of fixed Bluetooth data packets, low power consumption, and no need for continuous operation). By combining various environmental energy harvesters and energy management circuits, it proposes a self-powered small locator based on a location service network. This eliminates the need for periodic battery replacements, as the energy harvester provides independent power, significantly reducing or completely eliminating the need for user battery replacements, thus improving device sustainability and user experience; it also reduces electronic waste generation. The various energy harvester options allow for greater environmental adaptability, while the battery-free design results in lower maintenance costs.

[0140] Furthermore, this application also discloses a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implements the positioning method of the locator disclosed in the foregoing embodiments.

[0141] The specific process of the positioning method of the above-mentioned locator can be found in the relevant content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0142] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also disclose a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the positioning method of the locator disclosed in the foregoing embodiments.

[0143] The specific process of the positioning method of the above-mentioned locator can be found in the relevant content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0145] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0146] The locator management circuit, locator positioning method, locator, and product provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A positioner management circuit, characterized by, It includes an energy harvester, an energy collection and management module, an energy storage unit, and back-end circuitry. The back-end circuitry includes a Bluetooth module and a microcontroller. The energy harvester is used to harvest energy from the environment; The energy harvesting and management module is used to output the energy harvested by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage; The energy storage unit is used to supply power to the back-end circuit; The microcontroller is used to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, and to report the positioning data of the device that receives the broadcast in the positioning service network to the cloud server, so as to realize the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator.

2. The positioner management circuit of claim 1, wherein, The energy harvesting and management module is further configured to: compare the voltage of the energy storage unit with a preset threshold, wherein the preset threshold includes a first preset threshold, a second preset threshold and a third preset threshold, the first preset threshold being less than the second preset threshold and the second preset threshold being less than the third preset threshold; If the voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, a first signal is sent to the microcontroller to notify the microcontroller that the energy storage unit meets the preset energy sufficiency condition; If the voltage is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, a second signal is sent to the microcontroller to control the microcontroller to increase the frequency at which the Bluetooth module broadcasts. If the voltage is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the first control switch is controlled to stop the output of energy collected by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit.

3. The positioner management circuit of claim 2, wherein, The energy storage unit includes a capacitor and a second control switch, and the energy harvesting and management module is further used for: If the voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, a first control signal is sent to the energy storage unit to cause the capacitor to release electrical energy based on the second control switch; If the voltage is less than or equal to the fourth preset threshold, a second control signal is sent to the energy storage unit to stop the capacitor from releasing electrical energy based on the second control switch, and the first switch is controlled to output the energy collected by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage, wherein the fourth preset threshold is less than the first preset threshold.

4. The positioner management circuit of claim 1, wherein, It also includes an interface circuit connected to the energy harvesting and management module for collecting the electrical energy output by the energy harvester.

5. The positioner management circuit of claim 1, wherein, The back-end circuit also includes a non-volatile memory for storing a public key, wherein the public key is a public key negotiated between the user equipment and the locator; Accordingly, the microcontroller is used to read the public key from the non-volatile memory, control the Bluetooth module to broadcast the public key to access the location service network, and, based on the device receiving the broadcast in the location service network, use the public key to encrypt the device's own location data and report it to the cloud server, thereby realizing the location of the target object equipped with the locator.

6. The positioner management circuit of claim 5, wherein, The back-end circuit also includes a near-field wireless communication circuit for: The system pairs with the user equipment and negotiates to obtain the public key, and obtains energy from the user equipment, and saves the public key to the non-volatile memory based on the energy.

7. The positioner management circuit of claim 1, wherein, The back-end circuit also includes an ultra-wideband circuit for: The location information of the locator is sent to the user device that has established a Bluetooth connection with the locator.

8. The positioner management circuit of claim 1, wherein, The back-end circuitry also includes a speaker for: The speaker emits sound under the control of the microcontroller, which responds to a speaker control signal sent by the user equipment.

9. A positioning method of a positioner, characterized by, include: Harvesting energy from the environment using energy harvesters; The energy harvester collects energy using an energy harvesting and management module and outputs it to the energy storage unit for storage. The back-end circuit is powered by an energy storage unit, and the back-end circuit includes a Bluetooth module and a microcontroller. When the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, the microcontroller controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network, and based on the location data of the device that receives the broadcast in the positioning service network, reports the device's own location data to the cloud server to realize the positioning of the target object equipped with the locator.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, Also includes: When the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a preset time is waited. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user device is not re-established, the step of using the microcontroller to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the location service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset energy sufficiency condition is triggered.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, Also includes: When the energy storage unit meets the preset energy shortage condition, the locator is controlled to enter the shutdown state. In the shutdown state, the energy storage unit stops releasing electrical energy and outputs the energy collected by the energy harvester to the energy storage unit for storage.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, Also includes: When the locator is woken up from the shutdown state, the step of using the microcontroller to control the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the location service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions is triggered.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, When the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a preset time is waited. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user device is not re-established, or when the locator is woken up from the shutdown state and enters the separation state, in the separation state, the microcontroller controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the positioning service network when the energy storage unit meets the preset energy sufficient conditions.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, When the energy storage unit meets a preset sufficient energy condition, the microcontroller controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast to access the location service network, including: When the energy storage unit meets the preset sufficient energy conditions, the microcontroller reads the public key from the non-volatile memory and controls the Bluetooth module to broadcast the public key to access the location service network.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Also includes: In the unpaired state, it broadcasts a non-directional connectable broadcast signal and waits to establish a Bluetooth connection with the user device. Once a Bluetooth connection is established with the user device and pairing is completed, it enters the user connection state. In the user connection state, negotiate a public-private key pair with the user equipment and save the public key in the public-private key pair to the non-volatile memory.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, When the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a preset time is waited. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user device is not re-established, the device enters a disconnected state, including: In the user connection state, when the Bluetooth connection with the user device is disconnected, a connection transition state is entered; In the connection transition state, wait for a preset time. If the preset time is reached and the connection with the user equipment is not re-established, enter the disconnect state. If the connection with the user equipment is re-established, enter the user connection state.

17. A locator, characterized in that, It includes: A housing and a circuit board disposed within the housing, the circuit board including a positioner management circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

18. The locator according to claim 17, characterized in that, The energy harvester uses any one or more of the following: photovoltaic solar panels, triboelectric nanogenerators, electromagnetic generators, and piezoelectric ceramic generators.

19. The locator according to claim 17, characterized in that, The energy harvester uses a solar panel, and the photovoltaic solar power generation panel is connected to the energy harvesting and management module.

20. The locator according to claim 17, characterized in that, The energy harvester uses an electromagnetic generator, which includes a coil, a magnet assembly, and an energy harvesting device that converts external vibrations. The energy harvesting device is used to drive the magnet or the coil, causing the magnet and the coil to move relative to each other, thereby cutting magnetic field lines to generate electricity.

21. The locator according to claim 17, characterized in that, The energy harvesting device employs a counterweight, which is directly or indirectly connected to the magnet or the coil.

22. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program / instruction that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 9 to 16.

23. A non-volatile storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 9 to 16.

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