A combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting, relating to the field of peony deep tillage and ridging technology. It includes a mounting frame, on which a rotary tiller mechanism is mounted, and on the rotary tiller mechanism, a leveling mechanism is mounted. An adjustable ridging mechanism is also mounted on the mounting frame. The rotary tiller mechanism includes a bearing assembly. This invention first loosens the soil at the bottom using a deep tillage head, followed by soil breaking and throwing using the rotary tiller mechanism, and then the leveling mechanism reciprocates to smooth the surface. The ridging soil distribution plate gathers soil to form ridges, and the ditching shovel simultaneously cuts and shapes the furrows. These five processes are sequentially connected and spatially staggered, without interfering with each other, and are completed synchronously at the same travel speed. This invention integrates deep tillage, rotary tillage, ridging, and ditching into one operation, completing all tillage steps in one go. Compared with the existing technology of separate deep tillage and ridging operations, this not only reduces the number of times the tractor enters the field and reduces soil compaction, but also significantly improves operating efficiency and reduces labor costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep loosening and ridging technology for peony cultivation, specifically to a combined deep loosening, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting. Background Technology

[0002] Peony is a perennial deciduous shrub belonging to the Paeoniaceae family and the Paeonia genus. Its root system consists of well-developed fleshy roots. It has the significant physiological characteristics of preferring dry conditions and disliking moisture, and being intolerant of waterlogging. According to the "Cultivation Techniques of Chinese Medicinal Peony", peonies "prefer warm, humid, and sunny environments, dislike heat, are resistant to cold and drought, are intolerant of waterlogging, and should not be continuously cropped". Cultivation should be carried out in "well-drained sandy loam soil with a low groundwater level". Related literature also points out that the fleshy roots of peonies "are most afraid of waterlogging. During the rainy season, attention should be paid to timely drainage of waterlogged areas. Otherwise, if waterlogging lasts for more than 2 days, the peony will rot and die."

[0003] With the continuous expansion of peony planting area in my country, especially in the rainy southern regions and areas of the Yellow River basin where summer rainstorms are frequent, waterlogging has become a major bottleneck restricting the healthy development of the peony industry. Continuous rainy weather leads to a "sudden increase in soil moisture content" in planting areas, which easily causes waterlogging, increases the risk of root rot and diseases, and seriously threatens the growth, yield and quality of peonies. The main problems are reflected in the following aspects: First, soil compaction and thickening of the plow pan: Traditional peony planting areas often use long-term rotary tillage or shallow tillage operations, which gradually form a hard plow pan below the tillage layer. This leads to a decrease in soil water permeability, and after rain, surface runoff increases, making it difficult for water to seep out quickly, which easily creates a waterlogged environment for the roots.

[0004] Secondly, the ridge cultivation standards are not standardized. Although high-ridge planting is advocated in current peony cultivation, in actual production, ridge making mostly relies on manual labor or simple ridge making equipment. The height, width and compaction of the ridge are difficult to control in a standardized manner, the ridge surface is prone to collapse, and the drainage effect is unstable.

[0005] Third, existing ridging machinery lacks adaptability. In the existing technology, patent document CN114631406B proposes a device for ridging and furrowing potatoes, which uses two sets of plow plates in conjunction with furrowing wheels to achieve ridging and furrowing. However, this device is mainly used for potato crops, and the plow plate structure is a simple "wide at the top, narrow at the bottom" extrusion molding, which cannot meet the special air permeability requirements of peony planting for a "loose internal structure and compact surface" ridge. Furthermore, its furrowing wheels use a telescopic positioning structure, and the furrowing depth is fixed and cannot be adjusted, making it difficult to adapt to the different drainage ditch depth requirements in areas with varying rainfall. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a combined deep-loosening, ridging, and furrowing machine for peony planting. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting, which solves the problems in the prior art, such as poor drainage caused by soil compaction and thickening of the plow pan, easy collapse of ridges due to non-standard ridge construction, and the inability of existing ridging machinery to meet the special air permeability requirements of peony planting for ridges that are "loose inside and firm outside".

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting includes a mounting frame. The mounting frame, serving as the main support skeleton of the machine, is welded from high-strength rectangular tubing, possessing sufficient structural rigidity and torsional strength. A rotary tillage mechanism is mounted on the mounting frame, a leveling mechanism is mounted on the rotary tillage mechanism, and an adjustable ridging mechanism is mounted on the mounting frame. This machine integrates multiple processes such as deep tillage, rotary tillage, leveling, ridging, and ditching into one operation, enabling it to complete multiple tasks in one go, including deep soil loosening, surface soil breaking and leveling, raised bed construction, and drainage ditch formation, significantly improving operational efficiency and soil improvement effects. The rotary tillage mechanism includes a bearing assembly to ensure its positioning accuracy and connection reliability under heavy-load operating conditions. The side of the bearing assembly is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame. A rotating wheel is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bearing assembly through a bearing sleeve. Rotary tillage blades are fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating wheel. The rotating wheel is a hollow roller structure, and multiple sets of rotary tillage blades are fixedly mounted on its outer wall in a specific spiral arrangement along the axial and circumferential directions. The rotary tillage blades adopt an arc-shaped curved blade design with an optimized soil entry angle, which can effectively cut, break, and throw the soil during rotation, achieving deep rotary tillage and soil breaking functions. During operation, the rotating wheel rotates at high speed under the drive of external power, and the rotary tillage blades continuously cut into the soil layer, breaking up the compacted soil and throwing it backward and upward, providing loose and fine soil conditions for subsequent leveling and ridging processes. The leveling mechanism includes a reduction gear assembly and a mounting strip. The reduction gear assembly contains a worm gear reducer to convert high-speed rotary motion into low-speed, high-torque output. A first helical gear is fixedly mounted on the output rod end face of the reduction gear assembly. A second helical gear meshes with the teeth of the first helical gear, and the two are arranged in a spatially staggered shaft transmission configuration to change the power transmission direction and achieve speed matching. A rotating rod is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the second helical gear, and a rotating disk is fixedly mounted on the end face of the rotating rod. A groove is formed in the mounting strip, and a slide bar is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the groove. A crossbar is fixedly mounted on the side of the slide bar, a paddle is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the crossbar, and a rack belt is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the crossbar. An installation groove is formed on the bottom surface of the slide bar, and an upper magnet is installed in the installation groove. A magnet groove is formed on the inner wall of the groove, and a lower magnet is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the magnet groove. The paddle is a multi-layer composite elastic sheet structure, with an arc-shaped elastic scraping blade at its lower end. Both the scraper and the scraper blade can produce elastic bending deformation when in contact with the ground surface, forming a dynamic compensation effect that automatically adjusts the scraping pressure according to the undulation of the ground surface. The mounting strip is horizontally fixed below the mounting frame along the width direction of the machine, and a straight groove is opened inside it along the length direction. A sliding strip is slidably fitted on the inner wall of the groove, and the sliding strip can make reciprocating linear motion in the groove. A crossbar is fixedly installed on the side of the sliding strip, and the crossbar is transversely spanning the area below the mounting frame. Its two ends are respectively connected to the sliding strips on both sides. Multiple sets of scraper blades are fixedly installed at equal intervals along the length direction on the bottom surface of the crossbar. The scraper blades are made of elastic wear-resistant plate, and their lower ends are arc-shaped, which are used to contact the surface soil and perform scraping operations. The various mechanisms achieve coordinated operation through reasonable spatial layout and transmission connection. The leveling mechanism is set behind the rotary tillage mechanism and is used to scrape, spread, and compact the surface soil after rotary tillage to eliminate the grooves and accumulations generated by rotary tillage and form a flat and uniform seedbed surface.

[0008] The adjustable ridging mechanism is located at the rear of the machine and is used to gather and compress the leveled soil towards the center. The adjustable ridging mechanism includes a sleeve, the side of which is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame. The sleeve has a precision-machined smooth inner hole to ensure smooth sliding and guiding accuracy of the sliding rod. A cylinder is also fixedly mounted on the mounting frame. The cylinder is a double-acting single-piston rod structure, and its air supply interface is connected to the hydraulic pneumatic system of the traction equipment via a pipeline, allowing remote control via a control valve in the driver's cab. A sliding rod is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve. The sliding rod is a stepped shaft-shaped component, and its outer diameter precisely matches the inner diameter of the sleeve. The top surface of the slide rod is integrally formed with a protrusion, which extends upward into the guide groove opened at the top of the sleeve. The end face of the protrusion is fixedly connected to the end face of the cylinder push rod by a connecting pin. When the cylinder push rod extends or retracts, the protrusion drives the slide rod to slide up and down inside the sleeve, thereby realizing real-time stepless adjustment of the height of the ridging component from the ground and the depth of its penetration into the soil to adapt to different plots and different planting depth requirements.

[0009] Preferably, a protective shell is rotatably mounted on the side of the rotating wheel via bearings. The protective shell is a semi-enclosed cover structure, with a safety gap between its inner wall and the outer circle of the rotating wheel to prevent mud splashing and weed entanglement during operation, while also providing safety protection. A mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the protective shell. The mounting plate is a horizontally arranged rectangular steel plate, serving as a mounting base for multiple additional components. A driven wheel is fixedly mounted on the side of the power input end of the rotating wheel. The driven wheel is fixed to the input shaft of the rotating wheel via a key connection, and its diameter is larger than that of the motor wheel to transmit the large torque power required for rotary tillage.

[0010] Preferably, a dual-axis motor is fixedly installed on the top surface of the support block. The dual-axis motor is a dual-output shaft AC motor, and its two output shafts can output power simultaneously. A motor wheel is fixedly installed on the side of the transmission rod near the outside of the equipment. The motor wheel is a drive pulley, and its groove cross-section matches the conveyor belt. The motor wheel and the driven wheel are fitted with a conveyor belt on their sides, and the extrusion contact transmission connection is achieved through the conveyor belt. By adjusting the speed of the dual-axis motor, the rotation speed of the rotary tillage blades can be independently controlled, thereby adapting to the operation requirements of different soil types and tillage depths.

[0011] Preferably, a mounting component is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate. The mounting component is a U-shaped bracket structure, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the mounting plate by bolts. The two vertical side walls of the mounting component are rotatably connected to a rotating rod through bearing seats. The rotating rod is made of slender round steel, and its surface is heat-treated to improve wear resistance and torsional resistance. The end of the rotating rod away from the protective shell passes through the mounting component and is rotatably connected to the mounting component through a bearing sleeve. A rolling bearing is installed in the bearing sleeve to ensure that the rotating rod rotates flexibly and is accurately positioned radially. A dust cover is mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate by fastening bolts. A through hole is opened on the side of the dust cover. The inner wall of the through hole is rotatably connected to the first helical gear rotating rod through a bearing sleeve. A brush is provided on the side of the dust cover away from the protective shell, and the brush blocks dust from entering the dust cover to adapt to the reciprocating movement of the rack and pinion belt.

[0012] Preferably, a pin is fixedly installed on the end face of the mounting plate. The pin is a cylindrical positioning shaft with its axis perpendicular to the plane of the mounting plate. A lever is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating disk. The lever is a round steel component, one end of which is fixed to the surface of the rotating disk, and the other end extends outward to actuate the subsequent wave plate to achieve intermittent reciprocating motion.

[0013] Preferably, a wave plate is rotatably mounted on the side of the pin via a bearing. The wave plate is a fan-shaped component with a mounting hole in its center, and it rotates with the pin via a rolling bearing. A closed, straight-line limiting groove is formed on the wave plate. The width of the limiting groove is adapted to the diameter of the lever. When the lever moves along the limiting groove trajectory under the drive of the rotating plate, it drives the wave plate to reciprocate or rotate intermittently in one direction around the pin. A toothed ring is fixedly mounted on the arc-shaped surface of the wave plate, and an arc-shaped scraping blade is fixedly mounted on the bottom end face of the lever. A return spring is fixedly installed on the top surface of the blade. The end of the return spring away from the arc-shaped blade is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove opened on the bottom surface of the blade. The pre-compression spring assembly provides elastic pre-tension force perpendicular to the ground surface to the crossbar, so that the blade has an elastic yielding function when it encounters hard soil or gravel, avoiding rigid jamming. The tooth shape of the toothed ring meshes with the toothed strip on the top surface of the crossbar. Through the cooperation of the toothed ring and the toothed strip, the oscillating or rotating motion of the wave plate is converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the crossbar and the blade, thereby realizing the continuous scraping and leveling of the surface soil.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting cover is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the sliding rod. The limiting cover is an inverted U-shaped shell, and its inner cavity width is adapted to the width of the ridging component to constrain the soil flow direction. A connecting rod is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting frame. The connecting rod is a horizontally arranged connecting arm, and a rotating roller is rotatably installed at its end through a bearing seat. The rotating roller is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its outer surface is sandblasted to increase the friction coefficient with the soil.

[0015] Preferably, a soil-dividing disc is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating roller. The soil-dividing disc is a spiral disc that can divert the soil in the middle to both sides or gather it in the middle under the drive of the rotating roller, forming the slopes on both sides of the ridge. A ditching component is fixedly installed on the side of the limiting cover. The ditching component includes a ditching shovel and a guide plate. The ditching shovel has a plow tip structure with a sharp entry point. It is used to dig drainage ditches of uniform depth on both sides of the ridge or at the bottom of the furrow, thereby achieving the function of flood prevention and aeration. It can also divert the soil to both sides first, making it easier for the soil-dividing disc to gather and compact the soil.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom surface of the mounting bracket is equipped with an arc-shaped mounting rod, which is a spring steel rod bent into an arc shape and has a certain elastic deformation capacity. A hinge assembly is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting bracket, and the arc-shaped mounting rod is mounted on the bottom surface of the hinge assembly. This allows for automatic avoidance of hard objects to protect the deep loosening component. A deep loosening head is fixedly mounted at the end of the arc-shaped mounting rod away from the mounting bracket. A damping rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting bracket, and the end of the damping rod away from the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the side of the arc-shaped mounting rod. The deep loosening head... It has a pointed or chisel-shaped structure and is made of high wear-resistant alloy steel. It is used to loosen and break up deep soil before rotary tillage, break up the plow pan, and enhance the soil's water and air permeability. It is connected by a damping rod and the elastic swing link has a built-in pre-tensioned tension spring and compression spring. When the deep tillage head is subjected to the lateral thrust of the soil during the furrowing process, it has the freedom to swing elastically around the hinge point at a small angle. When the deep tillage head encounters stones or hard soil layers, it swings to the sides to avoid them. After passing the obstacle, it returns to its precise position under the restoring force of the elastic swing link.

[0017] Preferably, the mounting frame is equipped with an adjustable connecting mechanism via a hinge. The adjustable connecting mechanism includes an upper pull rod and a lower pull rod, each with multiple adjustment holes for connecting to the three-point suspension system of the traction equipment, and for adjusting the levelness and soil entry angle of the implement. The mounting frame is also equipped with a connecting rod via a hinge. The connecting rod is an intermediate transition connector, with its front end connected to the lower suspension point of the traction equipment and its rear end hinged to the mounting frame. It is used to transmit traction force and bear the weight of the implement, ensuring the stability of the machine during operation and its contour-following performance.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention provides a combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting. During the machine's forward movement, the arc-shaped mounting rod and deep tillage head, fixed to the bottom of the mounting frame, first contact the uncultivated soil. Under traction, the deep tillage head penetrates deep into the soil with significant pressure. Its sharp tip passes beneath the plow pan or hardened soil layer, tearing and loosening the deep soil along the direction of travel through wedging and lifting actions. This deep tillage, performed before ridging, effectively breaks up the plow pan, establishing vertical drainage channels. Combined with the inter-row drainage ditches, it forms a dual drainage system of "above-ground open ditch drainage + underground deep tillage infiltration," fundamentally solving the problem of peony's susceptibility to waterlogging.

[0019] 2. This invention provides a combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting. During operation, the soil-dividing discs fixed on both sides of the limiting cover rotate under the drive of the rotating rollers, pushing the loose soil within the limiting cover area from the center to both sides or from both sides to the center in an orderly manner, so that the soil gradually gathers and is lifted upwards. Through the constraint and compression of the inner cavity of the limiting cover, a high ridge surface with a trapezoidal or arc-shaped cross section is finally formed at the rear. Through the special design of the arc-shaped plow plate, the ridge body presents a gradient structure of "loose inside and firm outside". The inside remains loose and breathable to allow the fleshy roots to breathe, while the surface is moderately firm to enhance the resistance to erosion. This overcomes the contradiction of traditional ridging methods that are either too loose and prone to collapse or too firm and not breathable.

[0020] 3. This invention provides a combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting. The various working components of this invention form a continuous and orderly soil processing chain: the deep tillage head first breaks and loosens the soil, the rotary tillage mechanism then breaks and throws the soil, the leveling mechanism repeatedly scrapes and smooths the surface, the ridging soil distribution plate gathers the soil to form ridges, and the ditching shovel simultaneously cuts and shapes the ditch. The five processes are connected one after another, spatially staggered, and do not interfere with each other, and are completed synchronously at the same travel speed. This invention integrates the four processes of deep tillage, rotary tillage, ridging, and ditching into one, completing all the cultivation steps in one operation. Compared with the existing technology of deep tillage and ridging being carried out in separate operations, it not only reduces the number of times the tractor enters the field and reduces soil compaction, but also greatly improves the operating efficiency and reduces labor costs.

[0021] 4. This invention provides a combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting. Through the design of the horizontal adjustment mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism, and the vertical sliding sleeve, this invention can adapt to the needs of different soil types, different planting specifications, and different climate regions, and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a bottom-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the mounting frame and adjustable ridging mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the adjustable ridging mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the rotary tillage mechanism and leveling mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the rotary tillage mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the dual-axis motor and the leveling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the balancing mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of the rotary tillage mechanism and leveling mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the balancing mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the crossbar, paddle, arc-shaped scraper blade, and return spring of the present invention.

[0023] in: 1. Mounting bracket; 2. Adjustable connection mechanism; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Rotary tillage mechanism; 401. Bearing assembly; 402. Rotating wheel; 403. Rotary tillage blade; 404. Protective shell; 405. Mounting plate; 406. Support block; 407. Dual-axis motor; 408. Motor wheel; 409. Conveyor belt; 410. Driven wheel; 5. Leveling mechanism; 501. Reduction assembly; 502. First helical gear; 503. Mounting component; 504. Rotating rod; 505. Second helical gear; 506. Rotating disk; 507. Pin; 508. Lever; 509. Wave plate; 510. Limiting groove; 511. Gear ring; 512. Mounting strip; 513. Slide bar; 514. Crossbar; 515. Rack belt; 516. Paddle; 517. Arc-shaped scraper blade; 518. Return spring; 519. Upper magnet; 520. Lower magnet; 6. Adjustable ridging mechanism; 601. Cylinder; 602. Sleeve; 603. Slide rod; 604. Limit cover; 605. Trenching assembly; 606. Rotating roller; 607. Reinforcing rib; 608. Connecting rod; 609. Soil dividing plate; 7. Curved mounting rod; 8. Deep loosening head; 9. Hinge assembly; 10. Damping rod. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1 like Figure 1-12 As shown, the present invention provides a deep tillage, ridging and ditching combined operation machine for peony planting, including a mounting frame 1, a rotary tillage mechanism 4 mounted on the mounting frame 1, a leveling mechanism 5 mounted on the rotary tillage mechanism 4, and an adjustable ridging mechanism 6 mounted on the mounting frame 1. The rotary tillage mechanism 4 includes a bearing assembly 401, which is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame 1. A rotating wheel 402 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bearing assembly 401 via a bearing sleeve. Rotary tillage blades 403 are fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating wheel 402. After the dual-shaft motor 407 is started, its transmission rod near the outside of the equipment drives the motor wheel 408 to rotate. The motor wheel 408 then drives the driven wheel 410 to rotate via the transmission belt 409, and finally inputs power to the rotating wheel to drive the rotary tillage blades 403 to perform high-speed rotational cutting. At the same time, the output shaft on the other side of the dual-shaft motor 407 transmits power to the leveling mechanism 5 and the adjustable ridging mechanism 6 through the reduction assembly 501, forming a working pattern of coordinated power distribution and synchronous operation of the whole machine. The leveling mechanism 5 includes a reduction gear assembly 501 and a mounting strip 512. A first helical gear 502 is fixedly mounted on the output rod end face of the reduction gear assembly 501. A second helical gear 505 is meshed with the tooth surface of the first helical gear 502. A rotating rod 504 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the second helical gear 505. A rotating disk 506 is fixedly mounted on the end face of the rotating rod 504. A sliding groove is formed in the mounting strip 512. A sliding strip 513 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the sliding groove. A crossbar 514 is fixedly mounted on the side of the sliding strip 513. A paddle 516 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the crossbar 514. A rack belt 515 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the crossbar 514. An installation groove is formed on the bottom surface of the sliding strip 513. An upper magnet 519 is installed in the installation groove. A magnet groove is formed on the inner wall of the sliding groove of the mounting strip 512. A lower magnet 520 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the magnet groove. The paddle 516 is a multi-layer composite elastic material. The sheet structure features an arc-shaped elastic scraping blade at its lower end. Both the arc-shaped elastic scraping blade and the paddle can undergo elastic bending deformation upon contact with the ground surface, creating a dynamic compensation effect that automatically adjusts the scraping pressure according to the undulations of the ground surface. A pin 507 is fixedly installed on the end face of the mounting plate 405, and a lever 508 is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating disk 506. A undulating disk 509 is rotatably installed on the side of the pin 507 via a bearing sleeve. A limiting groove 510 is opened on the side of the undulating disk 509, and the inner wall of the limiting groove 510 is adapted to the lever 508. A toothed ring 511 is installed on the arc surface of the undulating disk 509. An arc-shaped scraping blade 517 is fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the paddle 516, and a return spring 518 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the arc-shaped scraping blade 517. The end of the return spring 518 away from the arc-shaped scraping blade 517 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove opened on the bottom surface of the paddle 516.

[0026] Example 2 like Figure 1-12As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, a protective shell 404 is rotatably mounted on the side of the rotating wheel 402 via a bearing sleeve. A mounting plate 405 is fixedly mounted on the side of the protective shell 404. A driven wheel 410 is fixedly mounted on the side of the power input end of the rotating wheel 402. A support block 406 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate 405. A dual-axis motor 407 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the support block 406. A motor wheel 408 is fixedly mounted on the side of the dual-axis motor 407 near the transmission rod on the outer side of the equipment. A conveyor belt 409 is sleeved on the side of the motor wheel 408 and the driven wheel 410, and they are connected by pressing contact through the conveyor belt 409. A mounting component 503 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate 405. The inner wall of the mounting component 503 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 504 via a bearing seat. The end of the rotating rod 504 away from the protective shell 404 passes through the mounting component 503 and is rotatably connected to the mounting component 503 via a bearing sleeve. A dust cover is mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate 405 via fastening bolts. A through hole is provided on the side, and the inner wall of the through hole is rotatably connected to the rotating rod of the first helical gear 502 through a bearing sleeve. A brush is provided on the side of the dust cover away from the protective shell 404, and the brush blocks dust from entering the dust cover. Immediately after deep loosening, the rotary tillage mechanism 4 located in the middle and rear of the mounting frame 1 enters the working state; the rotating wheel rotates at high speed under the drive of the driven wheel 410, and the multiple sets of rotary tillage blades 403 arranged in a spiral on their outer wall generate circumferential motion accordingly; the rotary tillage blades 403 cut into the soil at a certain cutting angle, and... After deep tillage, the loosened soil clods are thoroughly cut, thrown, and impacted to break large clods into fine particles. Since the rotary tiller blades 403 are thrown backward and upward, the cut soil is splashed backward and evenly scattered on the ground surface along the inner wall of the protective shell 404 under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, forming a relatively uniform layer of soft, broken soil. This process not only further refines the soil particles and increases soil porosity, but also provides a sufficient and loose source of material for the subsequent leveling process.

[0027] Example 3 like Figure 1-12As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the adjustable ridging mechanism 6 includes a sleeve 602, the side of the sleeve 602 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame 1, a cylinder 601 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 1, a sliding rod 603 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve 602, a protrusion on the top surface of the sliding rod 603 is fixedly connected to the push rod end face of the cylinder 601, a limit cover 604 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the sliding rod 603, a connecting rod 608 is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting frame 1, a rotating roller 606 is rotatably mounted on the side of the connecting rod 608 through a bearing seat, a soil dividing plate 609 is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating roller 606, a trenching component 605 is fixedly mounted on the side of the limit cover 604, a hinge component 9 is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting frame 1, and an arc-shaped mounting bracket is mounted on the bottom surface of the hinge component 9. A deep tillage head 8 is fixedly installed on the end face of the arc-shaped mounting rod 7 away from the mounting frame 1. A damping rod 10 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting frame 1, with one end of the damping rod 10 away from the mounting frame 1 fixedly connected to the side of the arc-shaped mounting rod 7. A reinforcing rib 607 is fixedly installed on the side of the mounting frame 1, with the end of the reinforcing rib 607 fixedly connected to the side of the sleeve 602. An adjustable connecting mechanism 2 is installed on the mounting frame 1 via a hinge, and a connecting rod 3 is installed on the mounting frame 1 via a hinge. During the forward movement of the machine, the arc-shaped mounting rod 7 and the deep tillage head 8, fixed to the bottom of the mounting frame 1, first contact the undisturbed soil. Under the driving force of traction, the deep tillage head penetrates into the deep soil layer with a large specific pressure. Its sharp tip passes under the plow pan or hardened soil layer, and through wedging and lifting action, it... Deep soil is torn and loosened along the direction of travel. The various working components of this invention form a continuous and orderly soil processing chain: the deep loosening head 8 first breaks and loosens the soil, followed by the rotary tillage mechanism 4 breaking and throwing the soil, the leveling mechanism 5 repeatedly scrapes and smooths the surface, the ridging and soil-dividing plate gathers soil to form ridges, and the furrowing shovel simultaneously cuts and shapes furrows. The five processes are connected one after another, spatially staggered, and do not interfere with each other, and are completed synchronously at the same travel speed. The coordination between each process is ensured by the precise installation dimensions and transmission ratio design on the mounting frame 1, ensuring that the soil obtains the best treatment effect at each processing station. The core adjustment function of this mechanism is driven by cylinder 601. The driver remotely controls the extension or retraction of the cylinder 601 push rod through the control valve in the cab. The push rod drives the slide rod through the protrusion. 603 slides vertically within sleeve 602, thereby driving the limiting cover 604 and its associated components to rise and fall as a whole, adjusting the ground clearance and soil penetration depth of the ridging components in real time to adapt to the different agronomical requirements of different peony varieties for ridge height and width; during operation, the soil-dividing discs 609 fixed on both sides of the limiting cover 604 rotate under the drive of the rotating roller 606, pushing the loose soil within the range of the limiting cover 604 from both sides to the middle, causing the soil to gradually gather and rise upwards, and through the constraint and compression of the inner cavity of the limiting cover 604, finally forming a high ridge surface with a trapezoidal or arc-shaped cross section at the rear; the high ridge structure makes the peony root system grow significantly higher than the ground, effectively avoiding the damage to the roots caused by waterlogging in the field during the rainy season, which is the key to the flood prevention function;Simultaneously, the ditching component 605, fixed to the side of the limiting cover 604, operates concurrently. Its ditching shovel, with a plowshare-shaped structure, digs evenly deep, flat-bottomed drainage ditches on both sides of the ridge or between adjacent ridges during its movement. This ensures excess water can be quickly drained from the field, further enhancing drainage and flood prevention. Furthermore, because the previous deep-plowing process has opened up deeper soil layers, the soil permeability below the drainage ditches is enhanced, allowing rainfall to seep deeper along the ditch walls. The tilt angle of the limiting cover 604 is adjustable to adapt to the soil conditions required for peony cultivation in different regions.

[0028] The working principle of this flood-proof and breathable peony-specific deep loosening, ridging, and ditching integrated operation machine will be explained in detail below.

[0029] like Figure 1-12 As shown, the entire machine is connected to a matching wheeled tractor or other traction power equipment via an adjustable connecting mechanism and hinge at the front and top of the mounting frame, using a three-point suspension. The connecting rod reliably transmits traction force to the mounting frame, driving the entire machine forward along the preset working route. After the dual-shaft motor 407 starts, its transmission rod near the outside of the equipment drives the motor wheel 408 to rotate. The motor wheel 408 then drives the driven wheel 410 to rotate through the transmission belt 409, and finally inputs power to the rotating wheel to drive the rotary tiller blades 403 to perform high-speed rotation and cutting. At the same time, the output shaft on the other side of the dual-shaft motor 407 transmits power to the leveling mechanism 5 and the adjustable ridging mechanism 6 through the reduction assembly 501, forming a working pattern of coordinated power distribution and synchronous operation of the whole machine. As the machine moves forward, the arc-shaped mounting rod 7 and the deep slack 8, fixed to the bottom of the mounting frame 1, first come into contact with the uncultivated soil. Driven by the traction force, the deep slack 8 penetrates into the deep soil layer with a large specific pressure. Its sharp tip passes under the plow pan or hardened soil layer. With the wedge and lifting action, it tears and loosens the deep soil along the direction of travel. The mounting frame 1 and the arc-shaped mounting rod 7 are connected by a damping rod 10, which has a built-in pre-tensioned tension spring and compression spring. This allows the deep slack 8 to have the freedom to swing elastically around the hinge point at a small angle when it is subjected to the lateral thrust of the soil during the trenching process. When the deep slack 8 encounters stones or hard soil layers, it swings to the sides to avoid them. After passing the obstacle, it returns to its original position precisely under the action of the restoring force of the elastic swing linkage. Following deep tillage, the rotary tillage mechanism 4, located at the rear of the mounting frame 1, enters the working state. Driven by the driven wheel 410, the rotating wheel rotates at high speed, and the multiple sets of rotary tillage blades 403 arranged in a spiral on its outer wall generate circumferential motion. The rotary tillage blades 403 cut into the soil at a certain cutting angle, fully cutting, throwing, and impacting the soil clods that have been initially loosened after deep tillage, breaking large soil clods into fine particles. Since the throwing direction of the rotary tillage blades 403 is backward and upward, the cut soil, under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, splashes backward along the inner wall of the protective shell 404 and falls evenly on the ground surface, forming a relatively uniform layer of soft and broken soil. This process not only further refines the soil particles and increases soil porosity, but also provides a sufficient and loose material source for the subsequent leveling process. After rotary tillage, the soil surface usually has strip-shaped accumulations and undulating grooves, which are precisely leveled by the adjustable ridging mechanism 6. The reduction assembly 501 converts the input high-speed rotary motion into low-speed, high-torque output, which drives the rotating rod 504 to rotate via the spatially interlocking shaft meshing of the first helical gear 502 and the second helical gear 505. The rotating disk 506 at the end of the rotating rod 504 drives the eccentrically mounted lever 508 on its surface to perform circular motion. During rotation, the lever 508 extends into the limiting groove 510 on the side of the oscillating disk 509, driving the oscillating disk 509 to produce regular reciprocating oscillations around the pin 507. The toothed ring 511 mounted on the arc-shaped surface of the oscillating disk 509 maintains constant meshing with the rack belt 515 on the top surface of the crossbar 514, thereby converting the periodic motion of the oscillating disk 509 into the reciprocating linear motion of the crossbar 514 and the slide bar 513 in the sliding groove of the mounting strip 512. During movement, the lower magnet 520 installed in the mounting strip 512 and the upper magnet 519 installed on the bottom surface of the slide bar 513 cooperate with each other, so that the slide bar receives a non-contact magnetic levitation auxiliary force during sliding, raising the slide bar 513 in the mounting strip 512. The smooth movement of the strip 512 reduces friction and prevents jamming. Simultaneously, the magnetic repulsion generates micro-vibrations, which are transmitted through the crossbar 514 and rack belt 515 to the paddles 516, helping to shake off adhering soil and prevent wet soil from sticking and affecting the leveling effect. Multiple sets of paddles 516, evenly spaced on the bottom surface of the crossbar 514, perform a back-and-forth sweeping motion with the crossbar. A return spring 518 provides the crossbar 514 with an elastic preload perpendicular to the ground surface, allowing the paddles 516 to elastically yield when encountering hard clods or gravel, avoiding rigid jamming. As the machine moves, the paddles 516 repeatedly sweep across the surface soil layer, spreading, leveling, and lightly compacting the uneven soil accumulated after rotary tillage. This process creates a flat, uniform, and ideal seedbed layer with a loose topsoil layer and a firm bottom. After being leveled, the soil layer then enters the working area of ​​the adjustable ridging mechanism. The core adjustment function of this mechanism is driven by cylinder 601. The operator remotely controls the extension or retraction of the cylinder 601 push rod through the control valve in the cab. The push rod drives the slide rod 603 to slide vertically within the sleeve 602 via a protrusion, thereby driving the limit cover 604 and its related components to rise and fall as a whole. This allows for real-time adjustment of the ridging component's height off the ground and its depth into the soil, adapting to the different agronomical requirements of different peony varieties for ridge height and width. During operation, the soil-dividing discs 609 fixed on both sides of the limit cover 604 rotate under the drive of the rotating roller 606, orderly pushing the loose soil within the range of the limit cover 604 from the center to both sides or from both sides to the center, causing the soil to gradually gather and rise upwards. Through the constraint and compression molding within the cavity of the limiting cover 604, a high ridge surface with a trapezoidal or arc-shaped cross-section is ultimately formed at the rear. The high ridge structure ensures that the peony root system grows significantly higher than the ground, effectively preventing waterlogging damage to the roots during the rainy season, which is the key to the flood prevention function. At the same time, the ditching component 605, fixed to the side of the limiting cover 604, operates synchronously. Its ditching shovel has a plow-tip structure, which, during its movement, digs drainage ditches of uniform depth and with flat bottoms on both sides of the ridge or at the bottom of the ridge furrows between adjacent ridges, ensuring that excess water can be quickly discharged from the field along the ditch, further enhancing the drainage and flood prevention effect. In addition, since the deep loosening process has already opened up the deep soil, the soil permeability below the drainage ditch is enhanced, and rainfall can seep into the deeper layers along the ditch wall. In summary, the various working components of this invention form a continuous and orderly soil processing chain: the deep tillage head 8 first breaks up and loosens the soil, the rotary tillage mechanism 4 then breaks up and throws the soil, the leveling mechanism 5 repeatedly scrapes and smooths the surface, the ridging and soil-dividing plate 609 gathers the soil to form ridges, and the ditching shovel simultaneously cuts and shapes the ditch. The five processes are connected one after another, spatially staggered, and do not interfere with each other, and are completed synchronously at the same travel speed. The coordination between each process is ensured by the precise installation dimensions and transmission ratio design on the mounting frame 1, ensuring that the soil obtains the best treatment effect at each processing station.

[0030] In addition, this machine has strong adaptive adjustment capabilities: on the one hand, through the independent speed regulation function of the dual-axis motor 407, the rotation speed of the rotary tiller blade 403 can be flexibly adjusted according to the different soil textures (sand, loam, or clay) and the tillage season, realizing the switching between light shearing or heavy shearing operation modes; on the other hand, through the cylinder 601 drive, the ridging and furrowing depth can be dynamically adjusted without stopping the operation, realizing a rapid response to terrain undulations and plot boundaries, effectively reducing auxiliary operation time and power consumption.

[0031] In the description of this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only to describe the invention and not to require the invention to be constructed or operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected" and "linked" in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a connection or a detachable connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] The above description represents the preferred mode of operation of the present invention. The specific operational modes are provided solely for a better understanding of the invention's concept. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements or equivalent substitutions based on the principles of this invention, and these improvements or equivalent substitutions are also considered to fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting, comprising a mounting frame (1), characterized in that: The mounting frame (1) is equipped with a rotary tillage mechanism (4), the rotary tillage mechanism (4) is equipped with a leveling mechanism (5), and the mounting frame (1) is equipped with an adjustable ridging mechanism (6). The rotary tillage mechanism (4) includes a bearing assembly (401), the side of which is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame (1), and a rotating wheel (402) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bearing assembly (401) through a bearing sleeve. A rotary tillage blade (403) is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating wheel (402). The leveling mechanism (5) includes a reduction gear assembly (501) and a mounting strip (512). A first helical gear (502) is fixedly mounted on the output rod end face of the reduction gear assembly (501). A second helical gear (505) is meshed with the tooth surface of the first helical gear (502). A rotating rod (504) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the second helical gear (505). A rotating disk (506) is fixedly mounted on the end face of the rotating rod (504). A sliding groove is provided in the mounting strip (512). A slide bar (513) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the groove. A crossbar (514) is fixedly installed on the side of the slide bar (513). A paddle (516) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the crossbar (514). A rack belt (515) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the crossbar (514). An installation groove is opened on the bottom surface of the slide bar (513). An upper magnet (519) is installed in the installation groove. A magnet groove is opened on the inner wall of the installation bar (512). A lower magnet (520) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the magnet groove. The adjustable ridging mechanism (6) includes a sleeve (602), the side of the sleeve (602) is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame (1), a cylinder (601) is fixedly installed on the mounting frame (1), a slide rod (603) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sleeve (602), and the protrusion on the top surface of the slide rod (603) is fixedly connected to the end face of the push rod of the cylinder (601).

2. The deep tillage, ridging, and ditching combined operation machine for peony planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective shell (404) is rotatably mounted on the side of the rotating wheel (402) via a bearing sleeve. An mounting plate (405) is fixedly mounted on the side of the protective shell (404). A driven wheel (410) is fixedly mounted on the side of the power input end of the rotating wheel (402).

3. The deep tillage, ridging, and ditching combined operation machine for peony planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support block (406) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the mounting plate (405). A dual-axis motor (407) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the support block (406). A motor wheel (408) is fixedly installed on the side of the dual-axis motor (407) near the transmission rod on the outside of the equipment. A conveyor belt (409) is sleeved on the side of the motor wheel (408) and the driven wheel (410), and they are connected by pressing contact through the conveyor belt (409).

4. The deep tillage, ridging, and ditching combined operation machine for peony planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting plate (405) is fixedly mounted with a mounting component (503). The inner wall of the mounting component (503) is rotatably connected to the rotating rod (504) through a bearing seat. The end of the rotating rod (504) away from the protective shell (404) passes through the mounting component (503) and is rotatably connected to the mounting component (503) through a bearing sleeve. The top surface of the mounting plate (405) is mounted with a dust cover by fastening bolts. A through hole is opened on the side of the dust cover. The inner wall of the through hole is rotatably connected to the rotating rod of the first helical gear (502) through a bearing sleeve. A brush is provided on the side of the dust cover away from the protective shell (404) and the brush blocks dust from entering the dust cover.

5. A combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pin (507) is fixedly installed on the end face of the mounting plate (405), and a lever (508) is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating disk (506).

6. The deep tillage, ridging, and ditching combined operation machine for peony planting according to claim 5, characterized in that: A vortex plate (509) is rotatably mounted on the side of the pin (507) via a bearing sleeve. A limiting groove (510) is opened on the side of the vortex plate (509). The inner wall of the limiting groove (510) is adapted to the lever (508). A toothed ring (511) is installed on the arc surface of the vortex plate (509). An arc-shaped scraping blade (517) is fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the lever (516). A return spring (518) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the arc-shaped scraping blade (517). The end of the return spring (518) away from the arc-shaped scraping blade (517) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove opened on the bottom surface of the lever (516).

7. The deep tillage, ridging, and ditching combined operation machine for peony planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit cover (604) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the slide bar (603), and a connecting rod (608) is fixedly installed on the side of the mounting bracket (1). A rotating roller (606) is rotatably installed on the side of the connecting rod (608) through a bearing seat.

8. A combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting according to claim 7, characterized in that: A soil-dividing disc (609) is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating roller (606), and a trenching component (605) is fixedly installed on the side of the limiting cover (604).

9. A combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (1) has a hinge assembly (9) installed on its bottom surface. The hinge assembly (9) has an arc-shaped mounting rod (7) installed on its bottom surface. The arc-shaped mounting rod (7) has a deep loosening head (8) fixedly installed on its end face away from the mounting bracket (1). The mounting bracket (1) has a damping rod (10) fixedly installed on its bottom surface. The end of the damping rod (10) away from the mounting bracket (1) is fixedly connected to the side of the arc-shaped mounting rod (7). The mounting bracket (1) has a reinforcing rib (607) fixedly installed on its side. The end of the reinforcing rib (607) is fixedly connected to the side of the sleeve (602).

10. A combined deep tillage, ridging, and ditching machine for peony planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustable connecting mechanism (2) is mounted on the mounting frame (1) via a hinge, and a connecting rod (3) is mounted on the mounting frame (1) via a hinge.

Images