An Active Root Anchoring Method and System for Ecological Slope Protection Based on Electric Field Induction

Abstract

This invention relates to a method and system for active root anchoring in ecological slope protection based on electric field induction, belonging to the field of slope protection technology. The method includes the following steps: S1, vertically layering conductive anchoring layers are embedded within the slope protection structure, the conductive anchoring layers including a shallow anode layer and a deep cathode layer; S2, vegetation is planted on the slope surface to form a vegetation layer; S3, after the vegetation roots enter the growth period, a DC electric field is applied between the anode and cathode layers through a power supply unit, the direction of the DC electric field pointing from the shallow layer to the deep layer, inducing the roots to grow directionally towards the cathode layer; S4, at least one parameter of the DC electric field is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time growth depth of the roots until the root growth depth reaches the target depth; S5, the power supply is stopped, allowing the roots and conductive anchoring layers to form a composite anchoring structure. This method enables the roots that have grown to the deep layers to form a composite anchoring structure with the conductive anchoring layer, strengthening the interface bonding strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of slope protection technology, specifically relating to an active root anchoring method and system for ecological slope protection based on electric field induction. Background Technology

[0002] Ecological slope protection combines vegetation restoration with engineering measures to improve slope stability while achieving ecological restoration. The anchoring effect of vegetation roots is the core source of stability in ecological slope protection. Through mechanical interlocking and reinforcement with the soil, the roots significantly improve the slope's resistance to sliding and erosion. However, in traditional ecological slope protection techniques, the growth of vegetation roots is a passive process. In barren or dense slope soil, plant roots struggle to penetrate deeper, mainly remaining within the top 30cm, failing to form effective deep anchoring and thus compromising the long-term stability of the slope.

[0003] Plant physiological studies have shown that plant roots exhibit electrotaxis; for example... Figure 1 As shown, under the influence of a weak direct current electric field, auxin (IAA) in the root tip undergoes polarity redistribution, with active transport of auxin from the anode side to the cathode side, leading to accelerated cell elongation on the cathode side and thus guiding the root tip to grow directionally towards the cathode. Simultaneously, the electric field can activate cell division in the root tip meristem, promoting lateral root germination and overall root development. In recent years, scholars both domestically and internationally have conducted research on the promotion of plant growth by electric fields under laboratory conditions, confirming the positive effects of electric fields on root development.

[0004] In the prior art, Chinese invention patent application CN119824937A discloses an ecological slope protection structure and its construction method. This patent discloses the technical concept of activating a microcurrent generator to promote root growth. However, this patent does not propose a specific and feasible detailed solution for the method of inducing plant root growth by electric field.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ecological slope protection system that can actively induce root growth and strengthen root anchoring, so as to fundamentally improve the long-term stability of vegetation slope protection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an active anchoring method and system for ecological slope protection roots based on electric field induction. Shallow anodes and deep cathodes are buried vertically in layers, and a DC electric field is applied from the shallow layer to the deep layer, so that the roots that grow to the deep layer form a composite anchoring structure with the conductive anchoring layer.

[0007] This invention provides a method for active root anchoring in ecological slope protection based on electric field induction, comprising the following steps: S1. Take soil samples from the slope protection area for testing to determine whether the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode; if so, proceed to step S2. S2, a conductive anchoring layer is embedded vertically in layers inside the slope protection structure. The conductive anchoring layer includes an anode layer in the shallow layer and a cathode layer in the deep layer. S3, plant vegetation on the slope surface to form a vegetation layer; S4. After the vegetation roots enter the growth period, a DC electric field is applied between the anode layer and the cathode layer through the power supply unit. The direction of the DC electric field is from the shallow layer to the deep layer, which induces the roots to grow in the direction of the cathode layer. S5, dynamically adjust at least one parameter of the DC electric field according to the real-time growth depth of the root system until the root growth depth reaches the target depth; S6, stop power supply, so that the root system and the conductive anchoring layer form a composite anchoring structure.

[0008] This technical solution involves burying shallow anodes and deep cathodes in layers along the vertical direction, and applying a DC electric field pointing from the shallow layer to the deep layer, so that the roots growing to the deep layer form a composite anchoring structure with the conductive anchoring layer.

[0009] In some embodiments, step S1 involves sampling and testing the soil in the slope protection area to determine whether the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode. This includes testing the soil's pH value, cation concentration, water content, and conductivity. The cation concentration includes the total concentration of calcium ions, magnesium ions, potassium ions, and sodium ions. If 5 ≤ pH ≤ 8 and the cation concentration Therefore, it is preliminarily believed that the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth toward the cathode. Further assessment of soil moisture content and electrical conductivity is needed; if the moisture content... satisfy and conductivity If the soil conditions meet the requirements for the electric field to induce root growth toward the cathode, then proceed to step S2.

[0010] This technical solution can eliminate soil areas that do not meet the conditions for electric field induction, thereby effectively avoiding ineffective construction in areas where soil conditions do not meet the requirements for electric field induction, reducing on-site commissioning costs, and ensuring effective induction of root growth towards the cathode in soils with suitable pH, ion concentration, moisture and conductivity.

[0011] In some embodiments, when further determining soil moisture content and electrical conductivity, if ,but Then water the slope protection area until... This ensures that soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode.

[0012] This technical solution improves soil conductivity in a low-cost physical way by watering areas with insufficient conductivity, without altering the original soil ion composition. This allows the soil to quickly meet the minimum conductivity threshold required for electric field induction, thereby increasing the success rate of root growth towards the cathode.

[0013] In some embodiments, in step S5, the root growth depth is monitored by a monitoring unit, and the parameters of the DC electric field include the electric field strength and the energizing time. The DC electric field parameters are adjusted according to equation (1), which is expressed as: (1); In equation (1), For the power-on time, for Average root depth at time t, This represents the initial root depth. Species sensitivity coefficient For electric field strength, It is a natural constant. is the growth rate constant.

[0014] This technical solution achieves quantitative regulation of the root growth process by introducing the quantitative relationship described in equation (1).

[0015] In some embodiments, step S5 further includes: collecting soil moisture, temperature, and electrical conductivity data, and adjusting the output parameters of the power supply unit or adjusting the soil moisture and temperature based on at least one of the electrical conductivity data, moisture data, or temperature data.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step S4, the target depth is determined based on the slip surface depth of the slope, and the target depth is greater than the slip surface depth.

[0017] This technical solution directly links the target anchoring depth of the root system with the depth of the slope slip surface, ensuring that the root system grows deeper than the slip surface, enabling the root system to cross the potential slip surface and anchor the sliding body to the underlying stable strata.

[0018] Based on the above-mentioned electric field-induced active anchoring method for ecological slope protection roots, this invention also provides an electric field-induced active anchoring system for ecological slope protection roots, applied to the above-mentioned electric field-induced active anchoring method for ecological slope protection roots, comprising: In some embodiments, the conductive anchoring layer, made of conductive material, is embedded inside the slope protection structure. The conductive anchoring layer is arranged in layers vertically along the slope, including an anode layer in the shallow layer and a cathode layer in the deep layer. The power supply unit is electrically connected to the conductive anchoring layer and is used to apply a DC electric field between the anode layer and the cathode layer. The direction of the DC electric field is from the shallow layer to the deep layer. The control unit, which is electrically connected to the power supply unit, is used to regulate the applied parameters of the DC electric field, including the field strength and the energizing time. The vegetation layer is planted on the slope surface. Under the action of the DC electric field, the roots of the vegetation layer grow in a directional direction towards the cathode layer, forming a composite anchoring structure with the conductive anchoring layer.

[0019] This technical solution transforms the root anchoring effect from passive waiting to active guidance, providing engineering-deployable technical support for improving the long-term stability of slopes.

[0020] In some embodiments, the electric field-induced ecological slope protection root active anchoring system further includes a monitoring unit electrically connected to the control unit, and the monitoring unit includes a root observation window for observing root growth.

[0021] This technical solution allows for direct observation of root growth without damaging the slope protection structure by setting up a root observation window.

[0022] In some embodiments, the monitoring unit also includes sensors for monitoring soil moisture, temperature, and electrical conductivity, with the sensor probes in close contact with the soil.

[0023] This technical solution, by setting up moisture, temperature, and conductivity sensors that are in close contact with the soil, can acquire the physicochemical parameters of the root growth environment in real time, providing direct data support for determining whether the electric field induction conditions are suitable.

[0024] In some embodiments, the monitoring unit also includes a displacement gauge for monitoring slope displacement.

[0025] This technical solution monitors slope displacement by setting up displacement gauges, which can obtain the actual deformation information of the slope soil.

[0026] Based on the above scheme, the electric field-induced active root anchoring method for ecological slope protection in this embodiment of the invention, through step S2 of vertically layering shallow anodes and deep cathodes, and in conjunction with step S4 of applying a DC electric field pointing from the shallow to the deep layers, utilizes the electrotaxis of the roots to actively induce the root tips to grow directionally towards the cathode layer. This overcomes the defect of traditional slope protection in the background technology, where the roots are only distributed within the surface 30cm due to "passive waiting," and realizes the active extension of the roots into the deeper layers. This allows the roots that have grown to the deep layers to form a composite anchoring structure with the conductive anchoring layer. Compared with the single root-soil mechanical interlocking in the background technology, this feature directly introduces the physical composite of the roots and the engineering material layer, strengthening the interface bonding strength. By dynamically adjusting the electric field parameters according to the real-time growth depth of the roots in step S5 until the roots reach the target depth, it is ensured that the roots can reliably grow to the preset deep anchoring area, thereby providing a lasting deep anti-sliding and reinforcement effect for the slope, solving the problem of the difficulty in ensuring the long-term stability of traditional slope protection in the background technology. In summary, this embodiment transforms the electric field root-promoting technology under laboratory conditions into a standardized on-site construction method through a systematic process of step S1 (soil condition screening), step S2 (pre-embedding conductive anchoring layer), step S3 (planting vegetation), and step S4 (applying DC electric field), thus enabling large-scale application on-site. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of electric field-induced directional growth of root tips towards the cathode in existing technologies. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the root active anchoring system for ecological slope protection based on electric field in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the picture: 1. Conductive anchoring layer; 101. Anode layer; 102. Cathode layer; 2. Power supply unit; 3. Control unit; 4. Vegetation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the electric field-induced active anchoring method for ecological slope protection roots of the present invention, the method includes the following steps: S1. Take soil samples from the slope protection area for testing to determine whether the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode; if so, proceed to step S2. S2, a conductive anchoring layer 1 is embedded vertically in layers inside the slope protection structure. The conductive anchoring layer 1 includes an anode layer 101 located in the shallow layer and a cathode layer 102 located in the deep layer. S3, plant vegetation on the slope surface to form vegetation layer 4; S4. After the vegetation roots enter the growth period, a DC electric field is applied between the anode layer 101 and the cathode layer 102 through the power supply unit 2. The direction of the DC electric field is from the shallow layer to the deep layer, which induces the roots to grow in the direction of the cathode layer 102. S5, dynamically adjust at least one parameter of the DC electric field according to the real-time growth depth of the root system until the root growth depth reaches the target depth; S6, stop power supply, so that the root system and the conductive anchoring layer 1 form a composite anchoring structure.

[0033] In the above illustrative embodiments, the electric field-induced ecological slope protection root active anchoring method of the present invention determines the soil conditions in step S1, and in step S2, shallow anodes and deep cathodes are buried vertically in layers. In step S4, a DC electric field is applied from the shallow layer to the deep layer. The root system's electrotaxis is used to actively induce the root tips to grow in a directional manner toward the cathode layer 102. This overcomes the defect of traditional slope protection in the background technology, where the root system is only distributed within the surface 30cm due to "passive waiting". It realizes the active extension of the root system to the deep layer and forms a composite anchoring structure with the conductive anchoring layer 1. Compared to the simple root-soil mechanical interlocking in the background technology, this feature directly introduces the physical composite of the root system and the engineering material layer, strengthening the interface bonding strength. By dynamically adjusting the electric field parameters according to the real-time root growth depth in step S5 until the roots reach the target depth, it ensures that the roots can reliably grow to the preset deep anchoring area, thus providing a durable deep anti-sliding and reinforcement effect for the slope, solving the problem of the difficulty in guaranteeing the long-term stability of traditional slope protection in the background technology. In summary, for most natural slope engineering projects, especially mining slopes, the soil is naturally rich in calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium ions, making it suitable for stimulating plant root growth through electric field induction. This embodiment, through the systematic steps of step S1 determining soil conditions, step S2 pre-burying the conductive anchoring layer 1, step S3 planting vegetation, and step S4 applying a DC electric field, transforms the electric field root-promoting technology under laboratory conditions into a standardized on-site construction method with the capability for large-scale application in engineering projects.

[0034] It should be noted that in step S1, if the soil conditions do not meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode, the soil environment can be improved by using topsoil covering or drainage leaching to make the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode. Specifically, topsoil covering can be done by covering the slope surface with 20 to 30 cm of topsoil (farmland soil or nutrient soil) to improve the surface soil environment. Drainage leaching involves setting up drainage ditches for freshwater irrigation to remove soluble salt ions from the soil and reduce soil conductivity, usually requiring 2 to 3 leaching cycles. Alternatively, traditional vegetation concrete slope protection or vegetation bag slope protection can be used directly, that is, slope protection is carried out by combining natural vegetation growth with engineering measures without applying an electric field. The above measures can be used as alternative solutions for ecological slope protection construction, and the appropriate option can be selected based on soil conditions, construction period requirements, and cost budget during project implementation.

[0035] In some embodiments, in step S1, the method of sampling and testing the soil in the slope protection area to determine whether the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode includes: detecting the soil pH value, cation concentration, water content and conductivity, wherein the cation concentration includes the total concentration of calcium ions, magnesium ions, potassium ions and sodium ions. If 5 ≤ pH ≤ 8 and the cation concentration Therefore, it is preliminarily believed that the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth toward the cathode. Further assessment of soil moisture content and electrical conductivity is needed; if the moisture content... satisfy and conductivity If the soil conditions meet the requirements for the electric field to induce root growth toward the cathode, then proceed to step S2.

[0036] In some embodiments, the method for sampling soil in the slope protection area includes: setting up sampling points along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the slope using a grid method, with a grid spacing of 10m to 20m. Sampling depths are divided into surface (0-20cm) and deep (20-40cm) layers, used to characterize the ionic environment of the shallow and deep soil layers, respectively. Before sampling, dead branches and fallen leaves are removed from the surface of the sampling points. Soil is extracted vertically using a soil auger, with a minimum of 500g of soil collected from each sampling point. After thoroughly mixing soil samples from the same depth, the samples are quartered, retaining approximately 1kg as a representative sample, which is then placed in a sealed bag, and the sampling location and depth are labeled. It should be noted that step S2 can only proceed when both the shallow and deep soil layers meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode.

[0037] In some embodiments, the conductivity is determined by: on-site measurement using a portable soil conductivity meter, or by measurement using the electrode method in a laboratory; the moisture content is determined by the drying method; the pH value is determined by the potentiometric method; and the cation concentration is determined by the extraction-atomic absorption spectrometry or ion chromatography. In some embodiments, when further determining soil moisture content and electrical conductivity, if ,but Then water the slope protection area until... This ensures that soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode.

[0038] In some embodiments, in step S5, the root growth depth is monitored by a monitoring unit, and the parameters of the DC electric field include the electric field strength and the energizing time. The DC electric field parameters are adjusted according to equation (1), which is expressed as follows: (1); In equation (1), For the power-on time, for Average root depth at time t, This represents the initial root depth. Species sensitivity coefficient For electric field strength, It is a natural constant. The growth rate constant is given. The example uses the quantitative relationship described by equation (1) to determine the electric field strength of the DC electric field. and power-on time With root growth depth By establishing a functional correlation, the control unit 3 can infer the required adjustment amount of the electric field parameters based on the difference between the currently monitored root depth and the target depth, thereby achieving quantitative control of the root growth process.

[0039] In some embodiments, step S5 further includes: collecting soil moisture, temperature, and electrical conductivity data, and adjusting the output parameters of the power supply unit 2 or adjusting the soil moisture and temperature based on at least one of the electrical conductivity data, moisture data, or temperature data. In some embodiments, when the electrical conductivity exceeds a preset range, the soil moisture or temperature is adjusted to restore the electrical conductivity to the preset range.

[0040] Furthermore, when adjusting soil moisture or temperature fails to restore the conductivity to the preset range, the field strength or energizing time of the DC electric field is adjusted.

[0041] In some embodiments, in step S5, the target depth is determined based on the slip surface depth of the slope, and the target depth is greater than the slip surface depth.

[0042] In the above embodiments, by collecting soil moisture, temperature, and conductivity data, and adjusting the output of power supply unit 2 or soil moisture and temperature based on at least one of these parameters, comprehensive perception and multi-mode response of the root growth environment can be achieved. Specifically, when a parameter is abnormal (such as low moisture leading to high conductivity, or high temperature accelerating ion migration), the system can select to adjust the electric field parameter or directly regulate the soil environment according to the type of abnormality, avoiding the increased energy consumption or accelerated electrode corrosion that may result from relying solely on electric field adjustment. Simultaneously, incorporating soil moisture and temperature into the regulation criteria makes the handling of abnormal conductivity more precise—for example, restoring conductivity by replenishing water to dilute salt or by shading to lower the temperature, rather than unconditionally changing the electric field output. This maintains an effective induced electric field while reducing unnecessary interference with normal root growth, improving the system's environmental adaptability and operational economy.

[0043] Furthermore, the initial target depth should be greater than the potential slip surface depth of the slope. As the root system grows, the actual slip surface location can be determined based on the slope displacement, and the target depth is dynamically adjusted in real time to ensure that the target depth is greater than the actual slip surface depth. Specifically, the slope displacement data is monitored by the monitoring unit, and the control unit 3 determines the actual slip surface location based on the abrupt change points in the slope displacement data and dynamically adjusts the target depth so that the adjusted target depth is greater than the actual slip surface location. By directly linking the target anchoring depth of the root system with the slope slip surface depth, it ensures that the root growth depth exceeds the slip surface location, enabling the root system to cross the potential slip surface and anchor the sliding body to the lower stable strata. Compared to a root system that is only distributed above the slip surface, this embodiment can directly resist the shear failure of the slip surface.

[0044] Based on the above-mentioned electric field-induced active anchoring method for ecological slope protection roots, this invention also provides an electric field-induced active anchoring system for ecological slope protection roots, applied to the above-mentioned electric field-induced active anchoring method for ecological slope protection roots, comprising: The conductive anchoring layer 1, made of conductive material, is embedded inside the slope protection structure. The conductive anchoring layer 1 is arranged in layers vertically along the slope, including an anode layer 101 located in the shallow layer and a cathode layer 102 located in the deep layer. The power supply unit 2 is electrically connected to the conductive anchoring layer 1 and is used to apply a DC electric field between the anode layer 101 and the cathode layer 102. The direction of the DC electric field is from the shallow layer to the deep layer. Control unit 3, which is electrically connected to power supply unit 2, is used to regulate the applied parameters of DC electric field, including field strength and energizing time; Vegetation layer 4 is planted on the slope surface. The roots of vegetation layer 4 grow in a directional direction towards cathode layer 102 under the action of DC electric field, forming a composite anchoring structure with conductive anchoring layer 1.

[0045] In the above illustrative embodiments, the electric field-induced ecological slope protection root active anchoring system of this invention integrates the conductive anchoring layer 1, power supply unit 2, control unit 3, and vegetation layer 4 into a single system and applies it to the aforementioned active anchoring method. This system can systematically achieve a complete functional closed loop from electric field application and parameter control to directional root growth and the formation of a composite anchoring structure. Specifically, the vertically layered arrangement of the conductive anchoring layer 1 provides a clear target for deep root growth. The coordinated operation of the power supply unit 2 and control unit 3 makes the electric field parameters adjustable and controllable, thereby reliably inducing the roots to actively extend towards the cathode layer 102 under engineering site conditions, ultimately forming a composite anchoring structure of roots and conductive anchoring layer 1. Compared to traditional ecological slope protection that relies on natural growth, this system transforms the root anchoring effect from passive waiting to active guidance, providing engineering-deployable technical support for improving the long-term stability of slopes.

[0046] In some embodiments, the conductive anchoring layer 1 is made of at least one of carbon fiber felt, conductive geotextile, conductive polymer material, or conductive aggregate concrete. The conductive anchoring layer 1 is embedded within at least one slope protection structure, such as ecological concrete, vegetation strip, or geocell. The vertical distance between the anode layer 101 and the cathode layer 102 is 10 cm to 50 cm.

[0047] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, power supply unit 2 includes solar photovoltaic panels and energy storage batteries, which provide an independent power source for the system. Using a combination of solar photovoltaic panels and energy storage batteries to power the system enables independent operation in remote slope environments without external power grid access. The system utilizes solar energy for charging during the day and is powered by the energy storage batteries at night or on cloudy days, ensuring a continuous application of the DC electric field. This reduces the system's dependence on conventional power and its operating costs, and improves the system's applicability in remote areas.

[0048] In some embodiments, the electric field-induced ecological slope protection root active anchoring system further includes a monitoring unit electrically connected to the control unit 3. The monitoring unit includes a root observation window for observing root growth. By setting the root observation window, the actual root growth can be directly observed without damaging the slope protection structure, providing an intuitive basis for the control unit 3 to dynamically adjust the electric field parameters, and avoiding control deviations that may result from relying solely on indirect parameters to infer the root status.

[0049] In some embodiments, the monitoring unit further includes sensors for monitoring soil moisture, temperature, and electrical conductivity, with the sensor probes in close contact with the soil. By setting up moisture, temperature, and electrical conductivity sensors in close contact with the soil, the physicochemical parameters of the root growth environment can be acquired in real time, providing direct data support for determining whether the electric field induction conditions are suitable. This allows the system to respond promptly when environmental parameters deviate from the suitable range, ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the induction process.

[0050] In some embodiments, the monitoring unit further includes a displacement gauge for monitoring slope displacement. By setting the displacement gauge to monitor slope displacement, the actual deformation information of the slope soil can be obtained. When the displacement data shows a sudden change, it indicates the existence or activity state of the slip surface, providing a basis for the control unit 3 to determine the actual slip surface position and dynamically adjust the target depth of the root system, so that the anchoring system can respond to the dynamic changes in slope stability.

[0051] The following example, Example 1, illustrates the active root anchoring method and system for ecological slope protection based on electric field induction provided by the present invention.

[0052] Example 1 In this embodiment, the slope protection is 200m long with a slope of 1:2.5. It adopts a vegetation-type ecological concrete slope protection structure, with the main vegetation species being a mixture of Bermuda grass and Amorpha fruticosa. The conductive anchoring layer 1 is made of conductive geotextile or conductive polymer material, which saves about 30% of the cost compared to carbon fiber felt.

[0053] S1. Sampling points are laid out along the longitudinal and transverse sides of the slope using a grid method, with a grid spacing of 10m to 20m. Sampling depths are divided into surface (0-20cm) and deep (20-40cm) layers, used to characterize the ionic environment of shallow and deep soil layers, respectively. Before sampling, remove dead branches and fallen leaves from the surface of the sampling points. Soil is taken vertically using a soil auger, with a minimum of 500g of soil collected at each sampling point. After thoroughly mixing soil samples from the same depth, the samples are quartered, retaining approximately 1kg as a representative sample, which is then placed in a sealed bag and labeled with the sampling location and depth. Soil conductivity is measured on-site using a portable soil conductivity meter, or measured in a laboratory using the electrode method; moisture content is determined using the drying method; pH value is determined using the potentiometric method; and cation concentration is determined using extraction-atomic absorption spectrometry or ion chromatography. If 5 ≤ pH ≤ 8 and the cation concentration... Therefore, it is preliminarily believed that the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth toward the cathode. Further assessment of soil moisture content and electrical conductivity is needed; if the moisture content... satisfy and conductivity If the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode, then proceed to step S2. ,but Then water the slope protection area until... This ensures that soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode.

[0054] S2, a conductive anchoring layer 1 is vertically layered and embedded within the slope protection structure. The conductive anchoring layer 1 includes a shallow anode layer 101 and a deep cathode layer 102. Specifically, during the ecological concrete pouring process, the conductive anchoring layer 1 is embedded in layers. The cathode layer 102 is embedded at a depth of 30cm in the ecological concrete, using carbon fiber felt (3mm thick, resistivity less than 0.1Ω·cm) as the conductive material, and is laid horizontally and continuously, covering the entire slope protection area. The anode layer 101 is embedded at a depth of 5cm in the ecological concrete, also using carbon fiber felt, and is arranged parallel to the cathode layer 102 with a vertical spacing of 25cm. Copper wires are led out from the anode layer 101 and the cathode layer 102 respectively, and connected to the power supply unit 2. The laying position of the conductive anchoring layer 1 is determined according to the potential slip surface depth of the slope. In this embodiment, the cathode layer 102 depth of 30cm is slightly greater than the potential slip surface depth of 25cm, ensuring that the root system can be anchored to the stable area below the slip surface. Power supply unit 2 uses a 200W solar photovoltaic panel and a 100Ah lithium iron phosphate battery, which can ensure that the system can operate independently for more than 15 days under continuous cloudy and rainy conditions. Control unit 3 uses a microcontroller to regulate electric field parameters.

[0055] S3. Plant vegetation on the slope surface to form vegetation layer 4. After the ecological concrete is poured, cover the surface with a 2cm thick layer of nutrient soil and plant a mixture of bermudagrass (15g / m²) and Amorpha fruticosa (10g / m²) using hydraulic spraying. After sowing, cover with non-woven fabric to keep it moist and maintain it until the seedlings emerge.

[0056] S4. Thirty days after the vegetation emerges (when the root system enters the rapid growth period), a DC electric field is applied between the anode layer 101 and the cathode layer 102 through the power supply unit 2. The direction of the DC electric field is from the shallow layer to the deep layer, inducing the root system to grow in the direction of the cathode layer 102. The electric field parameters set by the control unit 3 are: field strength 2.5V / cm, and the applied voltage is calculated to be 62.5V based on the electrode spacing of 25cm. The pulse DC mode is adopted, and the cycle is repeated for 2 hours of power-on and 4 hours of power-off, and the application is continuously applied for 45 days to cover the rapid growth period of the root system.

[0057] S5, by monitoring the root growth and soil conditions through the monitoring unit, at least one parameter of the DC electric field is dynamically adjusted until the root growth depth reaches the target depth; specifically, the root growth depth is observed through the root observation window, and the average root depth is calculated according to equation (1). When the root growth depth at the same time is greater than or equal to the average root depth, the control unit 3 controls the electric field to be applied intermittently. When the root growth depth at the same time is less than the average root depth, the control unit 3 controls the electric field strength to increase. The expression of equation (1) is: (1); In equation (1), For the power-on time, for Average root depth at time t, This represents the initial root depth. Species sensitivity coefficient For electric field strength, It is a natural constant. This is the growth rate constant; in this embodiment... The species sensitivity coefficient for *Bermudagrass* is 0.8, and for *Amorpha fruticosa* it is 0.6; electric field strength growth rate constant This means the root growth rate decreases by 5% per day; understandably, the electric field strength can be adjusted according to the type of vegetation, for example, the optimal field strength range for herbaceous plants (such as Bermuda grass) is 1-3. For shrubs (such as Amorpha fruticosa), the optimal field strength range is 2-4. .

[0058] Simultaneously, based on data obtained from sensors of soil moisture, temperature, and conductivity, and according to at least one of the conductivity data, moisture data, or temperature data, the output parameters of power supply unit 2 are adjusted, or the soil moisture and temperature are adjusted. When the conductivity exceeds the preset range, the soil moisture or temperature is adjusted to restore the conductivity to the preset range. When adjusting the soil moisture or temperature cannot restore the conductivity to the preset range, the field strength or energizing time of the DC electric field is adjusted. Since insufficient soil moisture or excessively high temperature will cause high conductivity, and vice versa, excessively high soil moisture or excessively low temperature will cause low conductivity, when the conductivity exceeds the preset range, soil moisture or temperature is adjusted preferentially through at least one of irrigation, drainage, shading, or ventilation. If the conductivity still does not return to the preset range after the above adjustments, the output voltage or energizing interval of power supply unit 2 is then adjusted. During root growth, the slope displacement is monitored using a displacement gauge. When a sudden change occurs in the slope displacement, the location of the sudden change is determined to be the actual sliding surface location. The target depth is dynamically adjusted to be greater than the actual sliding surface depth. When the root depth reaches the target depth, the control unit 3 automatically stops powering on, thus achieving on-demand control.

[0059] S6, stop power supply, so that the root system and the conductive anchoring layer 1 form a composite anchoring structure.

[0060] Through the description of several embodiments of the electric field-induced ecological slope protection root active anchoring method and system of the present invention, it can be seen that the embodiments of the electric field-induced ecological slope protection root active anchoring method and system of the present invention have at least one or more of the following advantages: 1. The electric field-induced ecological slope protection root active anchoring method provided by the present invention, through step S1, vertically layered burial of shallow anodes and deep cathodes, and in conjunction with step S3, application of a DC electric field from the shallow layer to the deep layer, utilizes the electrotaxis of the root system to actively induce the root tip to grow directionally towards the cathode layer 102, thereby overcoming the defect of traditional slope protection in the background technology where the root system is only distributed within the surface 30cm due to "passive waiting", realizing the active extension of the root system to the deep layer; so that the root system that grows to the deep layer forms a composite anchoring structure with the conductive anchoring layer 1.

[0061] 2. The electric field-induced ecological slope protection root active anchoring method provided by the present invention dynamically adjusts the electric field parameters according to the real-time growth depth of the root system in step S4 until the root system reaches the target depth, ensuring that the root system can reliably grow to the preset deep anchoring area, thereby providing a lasting deep anti-sliding and reinforcement effect for the slope, and solving the problem that the long-term stability of traditional slope protection is difficult to guarantee in the background technology.

[0062] 3. The electric field-induced ecological slope protection root active anchoring system provided by the present invention integrates the conductive anchoring layer 1, power supply unit 2, control unit 3 and vegetation layer 4 into an integrated system and applies it to the aforementioned active anchoring method. It can systematically realize a complete functional closed loop from electric field application and parameter control to root directional growth and composite anchoring structure formation.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0064] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for active root anchoring of ecological slope protection based on electric field induction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Take soil samples from the slope protection area for testing to determine whether the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode; if so, proceed to step S2. S2, a conductive anchoring layer is embedded vertically in layers inside the slope protection structure. The conductive anchoring layer includes an anode layer in the shallow layer and a cathode layer in the deep layer. S3, plant vegetation on the slope surface to form a vegetation layer; S4. After the vegetation roots enter the growth period, a DC electric field is applied between the anode layer and the cathode layer through the power supply unit. The direction of the DC electric field is from the shallow layer to the deep layer, which induces the roots to grow in the direction of the cathode layer. S5, dynamically adjust at least one parameter of the DC electric field according to the real-time growth depth of the root system until the root growth depth reaches the target depth. S6, stop power supply, so that the root system and the conductive anchoring layer form a composite anchoring structure.

2. The method for active root anchoring of ecological slope protection based on electric field induction according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the soil in the slope protection area is sampled and tested to determine whether the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth towards the cathode. The methods include: testing the soil pH value, cation concentration, water content and conductivity. The cation concentration includes the total concentration of calcium ions, magnesium ions, potassium ions and sodium ions. If 5 ≤ pH ≤ 8 and the cation concentration Therefore, it is preliminarily believed that the soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth toward the cathode. Further assessment of soil moisture content and electrical conductivity is needed; if the moisture content... satisfy and conductivity If the soil conditions meet the requirements for the electric field to induce root growth toward the cathode, then proceed to step S2.

3. The method for active root anchoring of ecological slope protection based on electric field induction according to claim 2, characterized in that, When further determining soil moisture content and electrical conductivity, if ,but Then water the slope protection area until... This ensures that soil conditions meet the requirements for electric field-induced root growth toward the cathode.

4. The method for active root anchoring of ecological slope protection based on electric field induction according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the root growth depth is monitored by the monitoring unit. The parameters of the DC electric field include the electric field strength and the energizing time. The DC electric field parameters are adjusted according to equation (1), which is expressed as follows: （1）； In equation (1), For the power-on time, for Average root depth at time t, This represents the initial root depth. Species sensitivity coefficient For electric field strength, It is a natural constant. is the growth rate constant.

5. The method for active root anchoring of ecological slope protection based on electric field induction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 also includes: collecting soil moisture, temperature, and electrical conductivity data, and adjusting the output parameters of the power supply unit or adjusting the soil moisture and temperature based on at least one of the electrical conductivity data, moisture data, or temperature data.

6. The method for active root anchoring of ecological slope protection based on electric field induction according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, In step S5, the target depth is determined based on the depth of the slip surface of the slope, and the target depth is greater than the depth of the slip surface.

7. An active root anchoring system for ecological slope protection based on electric field induction, characterized in that, The method for active root anchoring of ecological slope protection based on electric field induction as described in any one of claims 1-6 includes: The conductive anchoring layer, made of conductive material, is embedded inside the slope protection structure. The conductive anchoring layer is arranged in layers vertically along the slope, including an anode layer in the shallow layer and a cathode layer in the deep layer. The power supply unit is electrically connected to the conductive anchoring layer and is used to apply a DC electric field between the anode layer and the cathode layer. The direction of the DC electric field is from the shallow layer to the deep layer. The control unit, which is electrically connected to the power supply unit, is used to regulate the applied parameters of the DC electric field, including the field strength and the energizing time. The vegetation layer is planted on the slope surface. Under the action of the DC electric field, the roots of the vegetation layer grow in a directional direction towards the cathode layer, forming a composite anchoring structure with the conductive anchoring layer.

8. The active root anchoring system for ecological slope protection based on electric field induction according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a monitoring unit, which is electrically connected to the control unit. The monitoring unit includes a root observation window for observing root growth.

9. The active root anchoring system for ecological slope protection based on electric field induction according to claim 8, characterized in that, The monitoring unit also includes sensors for monitoring soil moisture, temperature and electrical conductivity, with the sensor probes in close contact with the soil.

10. The active root anchoring system for ecological slope protection based on electric field induction as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The monitoring unit also includes displacement gauges for monitoring slope displacement.

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