A field-based rain enhancement and reduction linkage control system and method based on rainwater harvesting and reuse

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of agricultural water conservancy engineering technology, and relates to a field-based rain enhancement and reduction linkage control system and method based on rain-sheltering water collection and reuse. It includes a rain-reduction and water collection unit, a simulated rainfall unit, a liquid level detection unit, and a control unit. This invention can collect and store rainwater intercepted in rain-reduction plots, and automatically deliver it to nozzles above the rain-enhancing plots when the stored water level reaches a preset condition. This simulates natural rainfall by spraying from top to bottom, making the simulated rainfall closer to the actual effects of natural rainfall on crop canopies and the ground surface, reducing the difference between simulated and natural rainfall. Simultaneously, through the synergistic linkage of rain-reduction and rain-enhancing treatments in terms of timing and water volume, a complete control chain of "rain-sheltering—rain-collection—water storage—water delivery—simulated rainfall" is formed, effectively improving the synergistic matching degree between rain-reduction and rain-enhancing treatments in terms of operational sequence, and improving the consistency between the experimental timing and the natural rainfall process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural water conservancy engineering technology, and relates to a field rainfall increase / decrease linkage control system and method based on rain shelter water collection and reuse. Background Technology

[0002] As global climate change intensifies, the spatial and temporal distribution of regional precipitation becomes increasingly uneven, with frequent extreme rainfall and seasonal drought events. These factors significantly disrupt farmland water cycles, crop growth and development, soil moisture transport, and eco-hydrological processes. To accurately reveal the response mechanisms of farmland ecosystems under different precipitation scenarios, in-situ rainfall control experiments have become a core technical means in agricultural hydrology, ecology, and crop cultivation research. These experiments, through the deployment of rain-shielding, rain-collecting, and rain-supplementing devices in the field, enable artificial regulation of actual precipitation in experimental plots, meeting the research needs for rainfall reduction, rainfall enhancement, and multi-scenario rainfall simulation.

[0003] Currently, the experimental system used for in-situ rainfall control experiments in the field includes a rain reduction unit and a rain enhancement unit. The rain reduction unit reduces rainfall through a rain shelter, while the rain enhancement unit increases rainfall through drip irrigation devices or surface irrigation devices. The rain reduction unit and the rain enhancement unit operate independently of each other.

[0004] However, since drip irrigation or surface irrigation both supply water locally from the soil, it is difficult to simulate the process of raindrops acting on the canopy and the ground from top to bottom. In addition, the existing rain reduction units and rain enhancement units are independent of each other, resulting in a lack of coordination between the timing and operation process. This leads to significant differences between simulated rainfall and natural rainfall, and mismatch in experimental timing, which reduces the authenticity, accuracy and data reliability of field rainfall control experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a field rainfall enhancement and reduction linkage control system and method based on rain-collecting and reuse, which can reduce the difference between simulated rainfall and natural rainfall, improve the synergy and matching degree of the experimental process, and thus improve the authenticity, accuracy and data reliability of field rainfall control experiments.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A field-based rain enhancement and reduction linkage control system based on rain shelter water collection and reuse includes: The rain reduction and water collection unit includes a rain shelter, a diversion channel, and a water storage tank. The rain shelter is set above the rain reduction area, and the diversion channel is set on the side of the rain shelter. The diversion channel is connected to the inlet of the water storage tank through a connecting pipe. The rain shelter is used to partially block the natural rainfall of the rain reduction area, reduce the amount of rainfall in the rain reduction area, and collect the rainwater through the diversion channel and store it in the water storage tank. The simulated rainfall unit includes multiple nozzles and a synchronous water delivery assembly. The multiple nozzles are evenly arranged above the rain enhancement area. The synchronous water delivery assembly is used to transport rainwater from the water storage tank to the multiple nozzles. The multiple nozzles are used to spray rainwater onto the rain enhancement area to simulate natural rainfall and increase the rainfall in the rain enhancement area. The liquid level detection unit is used to detect the water level in the storage tank and the rainwater flow rate delivered to multiple sprinklers in real time. The control unit is electrically connected to the liquid level detection unit and the synchronous water delivery component. It receives the detected water level and rainwater flow rate, compares the detected water level with the preset water level, and controls the synchronous water delivery component to deliver rainwater from the storage tank to multiple sprinklers when the detected water level is greater than the preset water level. At the same time, it determines the cumulative water delivery volume based on the detected rainwater flow rate and compares the cumulative water delivery volume with the preset water volume. When the cumulative water delivery volume is greater than or equal to the preset water volume, it controls the synchronous water delivery component to stop working.

[0007] The invention is further characterized by: The synchronous water supply component includes: a water pump, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the water storage tank, and the water pump is electrically connected to the control unit; and a sprinkler network, which is connected to multiple sprinkler heads, with the inlet of the sprinkler network connected to the outlet of the water pump via a water supply pipe.

[0008] The liquid level detection unit includes: a liquid level detection element, which is installed in the water storage tank and electrically connected to the control unit. The liquid level detection element is used to detect the water level in the water storage tank and send it to the control unit; and a flow meter, which is installed on the water supply pipe and electrically connected to the control unit. The flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of rainwater delivered to multiple sprinklers and send it to the control unit.

[0009] The liquid level detection component is one of a float switch, a liquid level sensor, or a liquid level relay, and the float switch, liquid level sensor, or liquid level relay is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0010] The simulated rainfall unit also includes a sprinkler support frame, with the sprinkler pipe network located on the upper part of the sprinkler support frame, which is a height-adjustable support structure.

[0011] The rain shelter is tilted, with an angle of 5° to 15°.

[0012] The water storage tank is equipped with a filter screen at the inlet and an overflow hole at the top.

[0013] A field-based method for coordinating rainfall enhancement and reduction based on rainwater harvesting and reuse includes the following steps: The rain shelters partially block the natural rainfall in the rain reduction area. The rainwater intercepted on the rain shelters flows into the diversion channel for collection and storage in the water tank. The liquid level detection unit detects the water level in the storage tank and the rainwater flow rate delivered to multiple sprinklers in real time, and sends the detected water level and rainwater flow rate to the control unit. The control unit compares the detected water level with the preset water level. When the detected water level is greater than the preset water level, it controls the synchronous water delivery component to deliver rainwater from the storage tank to multiple nozzles. The multiple nozzles disperse the rainwater into discrete water droplets and spray them from top to bottom onto the rain enhancement area to form simulated rainfall. At the same time, the control unit determines the cumulative water delivery volume based on the detected rainwater flow rate and compares the cumulative water delivery volume with the preset water volume. When the cumulative water delivery volume is greater than or equal to the preset water volume, it controls the synchronous water delivery component to stop working.

[0014] The field rainfall enhancement and reduction linkage control system and method based on rainwater harvesting and reuse, as proposed in this invention, has the following advantages: This invention can collect and store rainwater intercepted in rain reduction zones, and automatically deliver it to nozzles above rain enhancement zones when the water level reaches a preset condition. The rainwater is then sprayed from top to bottom to simulate natural rainfall, making the simulated rainfall closer to the actual effects of natural rainfall on crop canopies and the ground surface. This reduces the difference between simulated and natural rainfall. Furthermore, through the coordinated action of rain reduction and rain enhancement treatments in terms of timing and volume, a complete control chain of "rain shelter—rain collection—water storage—water delivery—simulated rainfall" is formed. This effectively improves the coordination and matching between rain reduction and rain enhancement treatments in terms of operational sequence, improves the consistency between the experimental timing and the natural rainfall process, enhances the realism and data accuracy of simulated rainfall, and strengthens the comparability and reliability of experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure label: 1. Rain shelter, 2. Flow channel, 3. Water storage tank, 4. Water pump, 5. Support frame, 6. Flow meter, 7. Water supply pipe, 8. Sprinkler bracket, 9. Sprinkler network, 10. Controller, 11. Sprinkler head. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be described clearly and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" refers to two or more. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0018] like Figure 1As shown, this invention provides a field-based rain enhancement and reduction linkage control system based on rain shelter and water collection reuse, including a rain reduction and water collection unit, a simulated rainfall unit, a liquid level detection unit, and a control unit. The rain reduction and water collection unit includes a rain shelter 1, a diversion channel 2, and a water storage tank 3. The rain shelter 1 is positioned above the rain reduction area, and the diversion channel 2 is positioned on the side of the rain shelter 1. The diversion channel 2 is connected to the inlet of the water storage tank 3 via a connecting pipe. The rain shelter 1 is used to partially block natural rainfall in the rain reduction area, reducing the rainfall in the rain reduction area, and collecting the rainwater through the diversion channel 2 and storing it in the water storage tank 3. The simulated rainfall unit includes multiple nozzles 11 and a synchronous water delivery component. The multiple nozzles 11 are evenly arranged above the rain enhancement area, and the synchronous water delivery component is used to deliver the rainwater from the water storage tank 3. Water is delivered to multiple nozzles 11, which spray the rain enhancement area to simulate natural rainfall and increase the rainfall in the area. A liquid level detection unit is used to detect the water level in the storage tank 3 and the flow rate of rainwater delivered to the multiple nozzles 11 in real time. The control unit is electrically connected to the liquid level detection unit and the synchronous water delivery component, respectively, to receive the detected water level and rainwater flow rate, compare the detected water level with the preset water level, and control the synchronous water delivery component to deliver the rainwater in the storage tank 3 to the multiple nozzles 11 when the detected water level is greater than the preset water level. At the same time, the cumulative water delivery volume is determined according to the detected rainwater flow rate and compared with the preset water volume. When the cumulative water delivery volume is greater than or equal to the preset water volume, the synchronous water delivery component is controlled to stop working. This invention can collect and store rainwater intercepted in the rain reduction area, and automatically deliver it to the nozzles 8 above the rain enhancement area when the water level reaches a preset condition. The rainwater is sprayed from top to bottom to simulate the natural rainfall process, making the simulated rainfall closer to the actual effect of natural rainfall on crop canopy and ground surface, reducing the difference between simulated rainfall and natural rainfall. At the same time, through the synergistic linkage of rain reduction and rain enhancement treatments in terms of timing and water volume, a complete control chain of "rain shelter - rain collection - water storage - water delivery - simulated rainfall" is formed, which effectively improves the degree of synergistic matching between rain reduction and rain enhancement treatments in terms of operation sequence, improves the consistency between the experimental timing and the natural rainfall process, enhances the realism and data accuracy of simulated rainfall, and enhances the comparability and reliability of experimental results.

[0019] Among them, multiple nozzles 11 are arranged in a single row, multiple rows or array.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the rain reduction and water collection unit also includes a support frame 5, and the rain shelter 1 is inclinedly installed on the upper part of the support frame 5.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the synchronous water supply assembly includes a water pump 5 and a sprinkler network 9. The inlet of the water pump 5 is connected to the outlet of the water storage tank 3. The water pump 5 is electrically connected to the control unit. The sprinkler network 9 is connected to multiple sprinkler heads 11. The inlet of the sprinkler network 9 is connected to the outlet of the water pump 5 through a water supply pipe 7. The coordinated arrangement of the water pump 5 and the sprinkler network 9 can stably deliver rainwater from the water storage tank 3 to multiple sprinkler heads 11, achieving long-distance, large-area uniform distribution of intercepted rainwater, improving the coverage uniformity of simulated rainfall and the reliability of water supply.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the liquid level detection unit includes: a liquid level detection element, which is installed in the water storage tank 3 and electrically connected to the control unit. The liquid level detection element is used to detect the water level in the water storage tank 3 and send it to the control unit; and a flow meter 6, which is installed on the water supply pipe 7 and electrically connected to the control unit. The flow meter 6 is used to detect the flow rate of rainwater delivered to multiple sprinkler heads 11 and send it to the control unit. Through the flow meter 6, the water delivery volume can be monitored in real time and the cumulative water delivery volume can be precisely controlled to achieve precise water replenishment on demand, avoid over- or under-watering, and improve the controllability and repeatability of simulated rainfall treatment.

[0023] The liquid level detection device is one of a float switch, a liquid level sensor, or a liquid level relay. The float switch, liquid level sensor, or liquid level relay is electrically connected to the control unit. The liquid level detection device can automatically trigger the water conveyance process when the water level in the storage reaches the preset conditions, thereby realizing the automatic conveyance and utilization of rainwater, reducing manual intervention, and improving the automation level of the system.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the simulated rainfall unit also includes a sprinkler support 8, and a sprinkler network 9 is set on the upper part of the sprinkler support 8. The sprinkler support 8 is a height-adjustable support structure, which can adjust the distance between the nozzle 11 and the ground surface or crop canopy according to different growth stages of the crop, thereby improving the physical similarity between simulated rainfall and natural rainfall processes.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the rain shelter 1 is tilted, and the drainage channel 2 is located at the lower end of the rain shelter 1. The tilt angle of the rain shelter 1 is 5°~15°, which can effectively guide and intercept rainwater to flow smoothly into the drainage channel 2, avoid water accumulation or rainwater overflow, and improve rainwater collection efficiency.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the water storage tank 3 is equipped with a filter screen, and the upper part of the water storage tank 3 is equipped with an overflow hole. The filter screen at the inlet of the water storage tank 3 is used to remove impurities in the rainwater, and the overflow hole at the upper part of the water storage tank 3 is used to automatically discharge excess rainwater when the liquid level exceeds the set height, so as to prevent the water storage tank 3 from overflowing or being damaged due to overfilling.

[0027] The outlet of water pump 5 is equipped with a pressure stabilizing valve to stabilize the pulsating pressure output by the water pump and keep the pressure in the water pipeline constant.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the control unit is controller 10, which is electrically connected to water pump 4, flow meter 6, and liquid level detection device.

[0029] This invention also provides a field-based method for coordinating rainfall increase and decrease based on rainwater harvesting and reuse, comprising the following steps: The rain shelter 1 is used to partially block the natural rainfall in the rain reduction area. The rainwater intercepted on the rain shelter 1 flows into the diversion channel 2 for collection and storage in the water storage tank 3. The liquid level detection unit detects the water level in the water storage tank 3 and the rainwater flow rate delivered to multiple sprinkler heads 11 in real time, and sends the detected water level and rainwater flow rate to the control unit. The control unit compares the detected water level with the preset water level. When the detected water level is greater than the preset water level, it controls the synchronous water delivery component to deliver the rainwater in the water storage tank 3 to multiple nozzles 11. The multiple nozzles 11 disperse the rainwater into discrete water droplets and spray them from top to bottom onto the rain enhancement area to form simulated rainfall. At the same time, the control unit determines the cumulative water delivery volume based on the detected rainwater flow rate and compares the cumulative water delivery volume with the preset water volume. When the cumulative water delivery volume is greater than or equal to the preset water volume, it controls the synchronous water delivery component to stop working.

[0030] Working principle: When natural rainfall occurs, the rain shelter 1 is used to partially block the natural rainfall in the rain reduction area, reducing the amount of rainfall received by the rain reduction area. The rainwater intercepted on the rain shelter 1 flows along the inclined surface of the rain shelter 1 into the guide channel 2 set at its lower end. After being collected by the guide channel 2, it is sent to the water storage tank 3 through the pipeline for storage.

[0031] The level detection device detects the water level in the water storage tank 3 in real time and sends the detected water level to the controller 10. The flow meter 6 is used to detect the rainwater flow and sends the detected rainwater flow to the controller 10.

[0032] The controller 10 compares the detected water level with the preset water level. When the detected water level is greater than the preset water level, the controller controls the synchronous water supply component to deliver the rainwater in the water storage tank 3 to multiple nozzles 11. After being distributed by the sprinkler network 9, the rainwater is sprayed from top to bottom by multiple nozzles 11 that are evenly distributed above the rain enhancement area, forming simulated natural rainfall that acts on the crop canopy and ground surface in the rain enhancement area. At the same time, the controller 10 calculates the cumulative water delivery volume based on the detected rainwater flow rate and compares the cumulative water delivery volume with the preset water volume. When the cumulative water delivery volume is greater than or equal to the preset water volume, the controller controls the water pump 5 to stop working.

[0033] The field rainfall enhancement and reduction linkage control system and method based on rainwater harvesting and reuse, as described in this invention, has the following other advantages: First, by setting up rain shelters above the rain reduction area, the present invention can effectively collect the intercepted rainwater while intercepting natural rainfall, thus preventing rainwater from being directly lost and improving the efficiency of rainwater resource utilization.

[0034] Secondly, by setting up a water storage tank, a liquid level detection unit, a synchronous water delivery component and a control unit, the present invention can automatically start the water delivery process after the water level in the storage tank reaches the set conditions, realize the automatic delivery and utilization of intercepted rainwater, reduce manual intervention, reduce labor intensity and improve the automation level of the system.

[0035] Third, this invention directly uses the rainwater intercepted by the rain reduction area for the replenishment treatment of the rain enhancement area, realizing the linkage process of "rain shelter - rain collection - water storage - water transportation - simulated rainfall", so that the rain reduction treatment and the rain enhancement treatment are no longer independent of each other, and enhance the system integrity and the correspondence between experimental treatments.

[0036] Fourth, by setting up simulated rainfall units above the rain enhancement plot, the present invention disperses the delivered rainwater into discrete water droplets and sprays them from top to bottom onto the rain enhancement plot. Compared with traditional drip irrigation or surface irrigation methods, this is closer to the actual process of natural rainfall acting on the crop canopy, surface and soil, thereby improving the authenticity of the in-situ rainfall control experiment.

[0037] Fifth, by incorporating a pressure-stabilizing valve, a flow meter, and an array of nozzles, this invention can make the water delivery pressure more stable, the spray distribution more uniform, and effectively control the amount of water replenished, thereby improving the accuracy, consistency, and repeatability of simulated rainfall treatment.

[0038] Sixth, this invention can meet the needs for rain shelter and rain collection in field rain reduction experiments, as well as the needs for automatic water replenishment and simulated rainfall in rain enhancement experiments, and has strong practicality and application value.

[0039] Seventh, this invention is applicable to scenarios such as in-situ rainfall control in farmland, eco-hydrological simulation, crop water response experiments, and soil moisture regulation research, which helps to improve the scientific rigor, systematicity, and ease of operation of related experimental research.

[0040] It is understood that this invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of this invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this invention are within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A field-based rain enhancement and reduction linkage control system based on rain shelter water collection and reuse, characterized in that, include: The rain reduction and water collection unit includes a rain shelter, a diversion channel, and a water storage tank. The rain shelter is installed above the rain reduction area, and the diversion channel is installed on the side of the rain shelter. The diversion channel is connected to the inlet of the water storage tank through a connecting pipe. The rain shelter is used to partially block the natural rainfall of the rain reduction area, reduce the amount of rainfall in the rain reduction area, and collect the rainwater through the diversion channel and store it in the water storage tank. The simulated rainfall unit includes multiple nozzles and a synchronous water delivery assembly. The multiple nozzles are evenly arranged above the rain enhancement area. The synchronous water delivery assembly is used to deliver rainwater from the water storage tank to the multiple nozzles. The multiple nozzles are used to spray the rain enhancement area to simulate natural rainfall and increase the rainfall in the rain enhancement area. The liquid level detection unit is used to detect the water level in the storage tank and the rainwater flow rate delivered to multiple sprinklers in real time. The control unit is electrically connected to the liquid level detection unit and the synchronous water delivery component. It receives the detected water level and rainwater flow rate, compares the detected water level with the preset water level, and controls the synchronous water delivery component to deliver rainwater from the storage tank to multiple sprinklers when the detected water level is greater than the preset water level. At the same time, it determines the cumulative water delivery volume based on the detected rainwater flow rate and compares the cumulative water delivery volume with the preset water volume. When the cumulative water delivery volume is greater than or equal to the preset water volume, it controls the synchronous water delivery component to stop working.

2. The field rainfall enhancement and reduction linkage control system based on rain-sheltered water collection and reuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous water supply assembly includes: a water pump, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of a water storage tank, and the water pump is electrically connected to a control unit; and a spray pipe network, which is connected to multiple spray heads, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the water pump via a water supply pipe.

3. A field rainfall enhancement and reduction linkage control system based on rainwater harvesting and reuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid level detection unit includes: a liquid level detection element, which is installed in the water storage tank and is electrically connected to the control unit. The liquid level detection element is used to detect the water level in the water storage tank and send it to the control unit; and a flow meter, which is installed on the water supply pipe and is electrically connected to the control unit. The flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of rainwater delivered to multiple sprinklers and send it to the control unit.

4. A field rainfall enhancement and reduction linkage control system based on rain-sheltered water collection and reuse according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid level detection device is one of a float switch, a liquid level sensor, or a liquid level relay, and the float switch, liquid level sensor, or liquid level relay is electrically connected to the control unit.

5. A field rainfall enhancement and reduction linkage control system based on rainwater harvesting and reuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The simulated rainfall unit also includes a sprinkler support frame, with the sprinkler network located on the upper part of the sprinkler support frame, which is a height-adjustable support structure.

6. A field rainfall enhancement and reduction linkage control system based on rainwater harvesting and reuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rain shelter is tilted, and the tilt angle of the rain shelter is 5°~15°.

7. A field rainfall enhancement and reduction linkage control system based on rainwater harvesting and reuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tank is equipped with a filter screen at the inlet and an overflow hole at the top.

8. A field-based method for coordinated regulation of rainfall enhancement and reduction based on rainwater harvesting and reuse, characterized in that, The system described in any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: The rain shelters partially block the natural rainfall in the rain reduction area. The rainwater intercepted on the rain shelters flows into the diversion channel for collection and storage in the water tank. The liquid level detection unit detects the water level in the storage tank and the rainwater flow rate delivered to multiple sprinklers in real time, and sends the detected water level and rainwater flow rate to the control unit. The control unit compares the detected water level with the preset water level. When the detected water level is greater than the preset water level, it controls the synchronous water delivery component to deliver rainwater from the storage tank to multiple nozzles. The multiple nozzles disperse the rainwater into discrete water droplets and spray them from top to bottom onto the rain enhancement area to form simulated rainfall. At the same time, the control unit determines the cumulative water delivery volume based on the detected rainwater flow rate and compares the cumulative water delivery volume with the preset water volume. When the cumulative water delivery volume is greater than or equal to the preset water volume, it controls the synchronous water delivery component to stop working.

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