A compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock and its preparation method

Abstract

This application relates to the field of feed additive technology, specifically providing a compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock and its preparation method. The preparation method includes: Step 1: preparing phase A component; Step 2: preparing phase A component; Step 3: preparing phase B component; Step 4: preparing phase B component. This application combines feed additives with microbial applications, and simultaneously solves the problem of anti-mold and strain compatibility at the microscopic scale through spatial isolation, possessing a unique anti-mold-degradation system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of feed additive technology, and in particular to a compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Moldy feed poses significant hazards: firstly, harmful microorganisms reduce feed nutrition, resulting in direct economic losses; secondly, it violates regulations such as the "Regulations on the Administration of Feed and Feed Additives"; thirdly, moldy feed mixes with normal feed, causing secondary pollution and further losses; fourthly, moldy feed requires harmless disposal after disposal; and fifthly, the musty odor reduces feed palatability and produces toxins that affect animal immunity and growth. Furthermore, with the rise of large-scale farming and the implementation of environmental protection policies, the harmless degradation and treatment of waste materials such as leftover feed, expired feed, and damp feed is becoming increasingly important. However, feed has a high fiber content, making it prone to clumping and difficult to degrade when directly composted. This application aims to establish a composite enhanced mold prevention mechanism considering both storage mold prevention and accelerated degradation after disposal.

[0003] Existing technologies include: 1. using propionic acid and sodium benzoate as non-biological antifungal agents; 2. using Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus as purely biological antifungal agents; and 3. using Trichoderma as a purely biodegradable agent. However, due to the limitations of the antibacterial effect of propionic acid and sodium benzoate themselves and the dry storage environment, there is currently no environmentally friendly solution that combines propionic acid and other agents with biological agents to achieve both antifungal protection during storage and accelerated degradation after disposal. Therefore, a new type of environmentally friendly compound-enhanced antifungal feed additive suitable for livestock farming, which combines antifungal protection during storage and accelerated degradation after disposal, and its preparation method, are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock farming and its preparation method.

[0005] On the one hand, this application provides a method for preparing a compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Prepare ammonium propionate (26-39% by mass), calcium propionate (2-6% by mass), sodium benzoate (0.5-2.5% by mass), potassium sorbate (0.3-1.5% by mass), formic acid (0.5-1% by mass), acetic acid (1-3% by mass), diatomaceous earth (15-28% by mass), saturated ethyl cellulose-ethanol solution (1.5-5% by mass), and make up the remainder with propionic acid as phase A. Step 2: In a stirred tank at 35 r / min: ammonium propionate is added to the propionic acid and stirred evenly. Then, calcium propionate, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, formic acid, and acetic acid are added and mixed evenly to obtain a viscous mixture. The viscous mixture is added to the diatomaceous earth that has been preheated to 110°C and dehydrated, and stirred until it is uniform in appearance and free of free liquid. The mixture is then spray-coated with a saturated ethyl cellulose-ethanol solution and dried at 30°C and 25% relative humidity with a wind speed of 2 m / s to remove ethanol, forming a semi-permeable membrane. The membrane is then sieved to obtain particles with a diameter of 0.3~1.2 mm, which is phase A. Step 3: Prepare 2× [unclear] with a mass fraction of 3-5%. CFU / g Bacillus laterosporus spore powder, prepared with a mass fraction of 2-4% 5× CFU / g Trichoderma spore powder, prepare trehalose with a mass fraction of 2-6%, prepare calcium propionate saturated aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1.5-4%, and make up the balance with sodium alginate as phase B component; Step 4: Add pure water to the sodium alginate and trehalose until a saturated solution is formed. Quickly add the spore powders and mix well to obtain the curing solution. Add the curing solution dropwise to a sufficient amount of 0.12 mol / L [solvent name missing]. Cross-linking and curing in solution for 30 min, sieve to obtain alginate beads with a diameter of 1~2.5 mm, spray the surface of the alginate beads with the calcium propionate saturated aqueous solution and dry at 30°C and 25% relative humidity with a wind speed of 2m / s to remove water and form a microcrystalline layer to obtain phase B; Step 5: Mix Phase A (82% by mass) with Phase B to make up the balance to obtain the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock farming.

[0006] Furthermore, the ammonium propionate has a mass fraction of 33%.

[0007] Furthermore, the calcium propionate has a mass fraction of 4%.

[0008] Furthermore, the sodium benzoate has a mass fraction of 1.5%.

[0009] Furthermore, the potassium sorbate has a mass fraction of 1%.

[0010] Furthermore, the formic acid has a mass fraction of 0.8%.

[0011] Furthermore, the acetic acid has a mass fraction of 2%.

[0012] Furthermore, the diatomaceous earth has a mass fraction of 21%.

[0013] Furthermore, the ethyl cellulose-ethanol saturated solution has a mass fraction of 3.4%.

[0014] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the Bacillus laterosporus spore powder is 4%, and the mass fraction of the Trichoderma spore powder is 3%.

[0015] Furthermore, the trehalose content is 4% by mass.

[0016] Furthermore, the saturated aqueous solution of calcium propionate has a mass fraction of 2.6%.

[0017] On the other hand, this application provides a compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock prepared by the preparation method of the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive for livestock as described above.

[0018] The following benefits may be achieved through this application: This application presents a compound-enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock farming. It combines feed additives with microbial applications, and simultaneously solves the problem of anti-mold and microbial compatibility at the microscopic scale through spatial isolation. It has a unique anti-mold-degradation system: During storage, the anti-mold component A releases propionic acid vapors for a long time through a propionic acid-ammonium propionate slow-release system and a carrier pore-permeable membrane. The spores of phase B are confined within the calcium alginate bead carrier + calcium propionate microcrystalline layer. During storage, the spores are dormant. The antibacterial and physical barrier of the calcium propionate microcrystalline layer forms an unfavorable contact interface. Even if a few germinate, they will not prematurely proliferate and contaminate the feed. The physical barrier of the calcium alginate bead carrier + calcium propionate microcrystalline layer also resists the damage of propionic acid vapors. When water is added for degradation, on the one hand, the calcium alginate bead carrier + calcium propionate microcrystalline layer swells and breaks down, and on the other hand, the increased humidity accelerates spore germination, accelerates the decomposition and loosening of waste, reduces the burden for subsequent composting / disposal, and balances feed safety and waste resource utilization.

[0019] The components described above, prepared and proportioned using the unique process of this application, together form the anti-mold and anti-degradation system of this application, including synergistic compatibility and coordination of system stability. It should be noted that the process parameters and drug proportions of this application cannot be obtained from simple experiments and have a certain degree of randomness and inventiveness. The proportions of each component should not only consider their individual efficacy but also have an impact on the overall stability. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, the overall solution of the present invention will be described in detail below by way of embodiments; in the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention; however, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details; in other instances, some technical features known in the art have not been described in order to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the mass fraction refers to the percentage of total mass. Specifically, the ethyl cellulose-ethanol saturated solution is prepared by slowly pouring and stirring 92% (w / w) of ETHOCEL™ Standard 20 FP ethyl cellulose and 8% (w / w) of PEG-400 into 95% (v / v) ethanol until saturated. The curing solution is then added dropwise at a flow rate of 1 mL / min using a 0.84 mm inner diameter syringe to a sufficient amount of 0.12 mol / L ethanol. Cross-linking and curing in solution for 30 min, needle distance from the... The solution surface was 6 cm; the diatomaceous earth was Celatom® MW-25 diatomaceous earth; the CFU / g of the spore powder was the number of viable spores that could germinate and grow into colonies; the Bacillus laterosporus spore powder with a moisture content of 6% was Brevibacillus laterosporus CGMCC 1.0864 AS1.0864; the Trichoderma spore powder with a moisture content of 6% was Trichoderma reesei ATCC 13631, a non-toxin-producing strain from Yubo Biotechnology.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, all raw material components in the following examples are commercially available. All experimental instruments used are standard laboratory instruments, and the performance testing methods are those known in the art. Percentages not specified are mass ratios. Unless otherwise stated, the ambient temperature was 25°C and the humidity was 30%.

[0023] The preferred implementation method is as follows: Example 1: The following methods are used to prepare compound enhanced anti-mold feed additives suitable for livestock farming: Step 1: Prepare ammonium propionate (33% by mass), calcium propionate (4% by mass), sodium benzoate (1.5% by mass), potassium sorbate (1% by mass), formic acid (0.8% by mass), acetic acid (2% by mass), diatomaceous earth (21% by mass), saturated ethyl cellulose-ethanol solution (3.4% by mass), and make up the balance with propionic acid as phase A component; Step 2: In a stirred tank at 35 r / min: ammonium propionate is added to the propionic acid and stirred evenly. Then, calcium propionate, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, formic acid, and acetic acid are added and mixed evenly to obtain a viscous mixture. The viscous mixture is added to the diatomaceous earth that has been preheated to 110°C and dehydrated, and stirred until it is uniform in appearance and free of free liquid. The mixture is then spray-coated with a saturated ethyl cellulose-ethanol solution and dried at 30°C and 25% relative humidity with a wind speed of 2 m / s to remove ethanol, forming a semi-permeable membrane. The membrane is then sieved to obtain particles with a diameter of 0.3~1.2 mm, which is phase A. Step 3: Prepare 2× [unclear] with a mass fraction of 4%. CFU / g Bacillus laterosporus spore powder, prepared with a mass fraction of 3% 5× CFU / g Trichoderma spore powder, prepare 4% trehalose, prepare 2.6% calcium propionate saturated aqueous solution and make up the balance sodium alginate as phase B component; Step 4: Add pure water to the sodium alginate and trehalose until a saturated solution is formed. Quickly add the spore powders and mix well to obtain the curing solution. Add the curing solution dropwise to a sufficient amount of 0.12 mol / L [solvent name missing]. Cross-linking and curing in solution for 30 min, sieve to obtain calcium alginate beads with a diameter of 1~2.5 mm, spray the calcium propionate saturated aqueous solution onto the surface of the calcium alginate beads and dry them at 30°C and 25% relative humidity with a wind speed of 2m / s to remove water and form a calcium propionate microcrystalline layer to obtain phase B; Step 5: Mix Phase A (82% by mass) with Phase B to make up the balance to obtain the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock farming.

[0024] Examples 2-13: The only difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of ammonium propionate is 26%. The only difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of ammonium propionate is 39%. The only difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of diatomaceous earth is 15%. The only difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of diatomaceous earth is 28%. The only difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of the ethyl cellulose-ethanol saturated solution is 1.5%. The only difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that the ethyl cellulose-ethanol saturated solution has a mass fraction of 5%. The only difference between Example 8 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of Bacillus laterosporus spore powder is 3%; The only difference between Example 9 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of Bacillus laterosporus spore powder is 5%; The only difference between Example 10 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of Trichoderma spore powder is 2%; The only difference between Example 11 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of Trichoderma spore powder is 4%; The only difference between Example 12 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of the saturated aqueous solution of calcium propionate is 1.5%. The only difference between Example 13 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of the saturated aqueous solution of calcium propionate is 4%.

[0025] Comparative Examples 1-16: The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of ammonium propionate is 15%. The only difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of ammonium propionate is 50%. The only difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the diatomaceous earth content is 6% by mass. The only difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of diatomaceous earth is 35%. The only difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of the ethyl cellulose-ethanol saturated solution is 0.5%. The only difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that the ethyl cellulose-ethanol saturated solution has a mass fraction of 10%. The only difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of Bacillus laterosporus spore powder is 1%; The only difference between Comparative Example 8 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of Bacillus laterosporus spore powder is 10%. The only difference between Comparative Example 9 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of Trichoderma spore powder is 0.5%; The only difference between Comparative Example 10 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of Trichoderma spore powder is 8%; The only difference between Comparative Example 11 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of the saturated aqueous solution of calcium propionate is 0.5%. The only difference between Comparative Example 12 and Example 1 is that the mass fraction of the saturated aqueous solution of calcium propionate is 8%. The only difference between Comparative Example 13 and Example 1 is that the diatomaceous earth was replaced with an equal mass of 200-mesh zeolite powder. The only difference between Comparative Example 14 and Example 1 is that the ethyl cellulose-ethanol saturated solution was replaced with an equal mass of beeswax hot melt sprayed at 65°C. The only difference between Comparative Example 15 and Example 1 is that the ethyl cellulose-ethanol saturated solution was replaced with other components of phase A in the same mass ratio as in Example 1, and there was no corresponding spray coating. The only difference between Comparative Example 16 and Example 1 is that the saturated aqueous solution of calcium propionate is replaced with other components of phase B in the same mass ratio as in Example 1, and there is no corresponding spray coating. The blank group did not contain any compound-enhanced anti-mold feed additives suitable for livestock farming; the experiment was conducted directly.

[0026] Note that in this application, phase A does not participate in degradation nor promote the degradation effect of phase B, and phase B does not participate in corrosion prevention nor promote the corrosion prevention effect of phase A. For Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6 and 13-15: Gas phase release test: Prepare 0.5 m³ sealed feed containers for each example, with a breathing valve at the top. Prepare 5 containers for each example as 5 repeated tests. Fill each container with beet meal pellets (product number 1204) from Hengyuan Biotechnology to 90% of the volume, leaving space at the top. The storage conditions are 12% feed moisture content, 50% relative humidity, and 25°C in a cool, dark place. The concentration of gas phase propionic acid in the top space is used as the standard for anti-mold effect. Generally, a gas phase propionic acid concentration >1 mg / m³ is considered sufficient to prevent mold. The concentration of commercially available propionic acid preservatives is <1 mg / m³ after 30 days. Samples are taken from the top space every day to test the gas phase propionic acid concentration. Specifically, the impregnation silica gel adsorption sampling test method is used. Record the number of days when the gas phase propionic acid concentration in each container is <1 mg / m³ as the day number. The average value of the results for each example is taken as the anti-mold effectiveness period, in days, integer place.

[0027] For Examples 1, 8-13, Comparative Examples 7-12, Comparative Example 16, and the blank group: Degradation test: Prepare 0.5 m³ sealed feed containers for each example, with a breathing valve at the top. Prepare 5 containers for each example as 5 replicate tests. Fill each container with beet meal pellets (Hengyuan Biotechnology Product No. 1204) to 90% of the volume, leaving space at the top. Storage conditions are 12% feed moisture content, 50% relative humidity, and 25°C in a cool, dark place. After 30 days, transfer the feed from each container one-to-one to a corresponding 1 m³ open feed trough, leaving space for turning and ventilation. Degradation conditions are: add water to 60% feed moisture content, 70% relative humidity, 25°C in a cool, dark place, and turning once every 12 hours. The dry matter loss rate and cellulose degradation rate (NDF) of the feed sent for testing after 120 hours are used as degradation standards, the higher the better. The results of each example are averaged, in percentage (%), and retained to two decimal places. The results of each test are shown in Table 1.

[0028]

[0029] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with other examples, the additives in the embodiments of this application, especially the scheme of Embodiment 1 of this application, have a longer anti-mold effect, higher dry matter loss rate, and higher cellulose degradation rate; that is, the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additives suitable for livestock farming in the embodiments of this application, especially Embodiment 1 of this application, can achieve better anti-mold and degradation effects; the excessive addition of spore powder in this application will lead to instability or cracking of the salt bead carrier, destroy the protective structure of the salt bead-crystal layer, and prematurely expose the bacteria, which will lead to a decrease in degradation effect.

[0030] It should be noted that the above process parameters and effects have a non-linear relationship, and the compatibility with other components and processes in this application should be considered. The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the application; various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art; any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a compound-enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock farming, characterized in that, The preparation method of the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare ammonium propionate (26-39% by mass), calcium propionate (2-6% by mass), sodium benzoate (0.5-2.5% by mass), potassium sorbate (0.3-1.5% by mass), formic acid (0.5-1% by mass), acetic acid (1-3% by mass), diatomaceous earth (15-28% by mass), saturated ethyl cellulose-ethanol solution (1.5-5% by mass), and make up the remainder with propionic acid as phase A. Step 2: In a stirred tank at 35 r / min: ammonium propionate is added to the propionic acid and stirred evenly. Then, calcium propionate, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, formic acid, and acetic acid are added and mixed evenly to obtain a viscous mixture. The viscous mixture is added to the diatomaceous earth that has been preheated to 110°C and dehydrated, and stirred until it is uniform in appearance and free of free liquid. The mixture is then spray-coated with a saturated ethyl cellulose-ethanol solution and dried at 30°C and 25% relative humidity with a wind speed of 2 m / s to remove ethanol, forming a semi-permeable membrane. The membrane is then sieved to obtain particles with a diameter of 0.3~1.2 mm, which is phase A. Step 3: Prepare 2× [unclear] with a mass fraction of 3-5%. CFU / g Bacillus laterosporus spore powder, prepared with a mass fraction of 2-4% 5× CFU / g Trichoderma spore powder, prepare trehalose with a mass fraction of 2-6%, prepare calcium propionate saturated aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1.5-4%, and make up the balance with sodium alginate as phase B component; Step 4: Add pure water to the sodium alginate and trehalose until a saturated solution is formed. Quickly add the above-mentioned spore powders and mix well to obtain the curing solution. Add the curing solution dropwise to a sufficient amount of 0.12 mol / L [solvent name missing]. Cross-linking and curing in solution for 30 min, sieve to obtain calcium alginate beads with a diameter of 1~2.5 mm, spray the calcium propionate saturated aqueous solution onto the surface of the calcium alginate beads and dry them at 30°C and 25% relative humidity with a wind speed of 2 m / s to remove water and form a calcium propionate microcrystalline layer to obtain phase B; Step 5: Mix Phase A (82% by mass) with Phase B to make up the balance to obtain the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock farming.

2. The preparation method of the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammonium propionate has a mass fraction of 33%.

3. The preparation method of the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcium propionate has a mass fraction of 4%.

4. The preparation method of the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sodium benzoate has a mass fraction of 1.5%.

5. The preparation method of the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The potassium sorbate has a mass fraction of 1%.

6. The method for preparing the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock farming according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formic acid has a mass fraction of 0.8%.

7. The preparation method of the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acetic acid has a mass fraction of 2%.

8. The method for preparing the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock farming according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diatomaceous earth has a mass fraction of 21%.

9. The method for preparing the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock farming according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ethyl cellulose-ethanol saturated solution has a mass fraction of 3.4%.

10. The method for preparing the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass fraction of the Bacillus laterosporus spore powder is 4%, and the mass fraction of the Trichoderma spore powder is 3%.

11. The method for preparing the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trehalose content is 4%.

12. The method for preparing the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive suitable for livestock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The saturated aqueous solution of calcium propionate has a mass fraction of 2.6%.

13. A compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive for livestock prepared by the method of preparing the compound enhanced anti-mold feed additive for livestock as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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