A low-carbon, environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin.

Abstract

This invention provides a low-carbon, environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin, belonging to the field of building materials technology. It includes a supporting rubber pad, a composite absorbent pad disposed inside, and a supporting assembly covering the absorbent pad. The supporting assembly has a guide post at its bottom, which penetrates downwards through the supporting rubber pad and forms an interference fit with a fixing sleeve at the bottom, converting the downward pressure from footsteps into radial locking force to prevent the supporting assembly from tilting under pressure. The supporting rubber pad has a supporting shaft inside, dividing it into receiving grooves to limit the segmented positioning of the composite absorbent pad. The composite absorbent pad is made from polymerized bentonite powder, fly ash, adhesive powder, and water-reducing agents, and is externally wrapped with non-woven geotextile. This invention features a synergistic design of structure and materials, achieving a self-locking function, ensuring the flatness and stability of the core material, and combining the advantages of reliable structure and high water absorption efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, and in particular to a low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin. Background Technology

[0002] The washbasin area in public restrooms is a place with high population density and frequent water use. Water droplets splashed during handwashing can accumulate on the floor, making it slippery and posing a serious safety hazard. To address this problem, existing technologies include laying ordinary floor mats, increasing the frequency of manual cleaning, or installing non-slip floor tiles. However, these conventional methods all have obvious technical limitations.

[0003] For example, traditional floor mats made of cotton or synthetic fibers have limited water absorption capacity. Once saturated, they are difficult to dry quickly and instead become a continuous source of moisture, which can breed bacteria. The integrated structure makes cleaning and drying inconvenient, and after long-term use, they will become moldy and damaged, and the edges will curl, creating new safety hazards. Increasing the frequency of manual cleaning can temporarily alleviate the problem, but the labor cost is high and it cannot guarantee that the floor will remain dry. Installing anti-slip tiles can only provide passive anti-slip function and cannot actively absorb and remove water. In addition, existing solutions generally have problems such as limited functionality, inconvenient maintenance, and insufficient environmental protection. The commonly used materials are mostly non-degradable or have high energy consumption in the production process, and frequent replacements also lead to resource waste.

[0004] Therefore, existing technical solutions struggle to achieve a balance between water absorption efficiency, drying speed, structural safety, and ease of maintenance. There is an urgent need in the field to develop a ground water absorption device that can simultaneously achieve high water absorption, rapid drying, structural stability, ease of maintenance, and recyclability, in order to address the safety hazards of slippery public grounds. Therefore, this application provides a low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymeric bentonite water absorption device for use in front of a washbasin to meet this need. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. This invention solves the problems of existing washbasin water-absorbing mats that slide and lift up under pressure, have low water absorption efficiency, and lack modular limiting structures.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin includes a supporting rubber pad, a supporting component inside the supporting rubber pad, and a composite water-absorbing pad inside the supporting rubber pad. The supporting component is used to bear the weight of people stepping on it and to allow water to pass through and fall into the composite water-absorbing pad.

[0008] The support assembly includes a fixed frame that is slidably connected inside the support rubber pad. A grid strip is fixedly connected inside the fixed frame. Multiple support shafts are fixedly connected inside the support rubber pad. The multiple support shafts are used to divide the internal space of the support rubber pad into multiple receiving slots. Guide posts are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the fixed frame. Fixed sleeves are slidably connected to the bottom of the support rubber pad at the positions corresponding to the guide posts. The guide posts and fixed sleeves are interference-fitted.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite absorbent pad is made by reacting raw materials. Based on 100 parts of polymerized bentonite powder, the raw materials include the following other components in parts by weight: 60 to 100 parts of fly ash; 8 to 10 parts of adhesive powder; and 2 to 3 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0010] Furthermore, the water-reducing agent is a comb-shaped high-molecular-weight polycarboxylate high-performance water-reducing agent liquid product with a solid content of 40wt%, or a naphthalene-based water-reducing agent powder.

[0011] Furthermore, the polymerized bentonite powder is copolymerized from monomer raw materials comprising the following parts by weight: 80 to 120 parts bentonite; 96 to 336 parts acrylic acid; 24 to 144 parts acrylamide; 0.96 to 2.88 parts initiator; the bentonite is sodium-based bentonite or calcium-based bentonite; and the initiator is potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate.

[0012] Furthermore, the composite absorbent pad has a sandwich structure, with non-woven geotextile wrapped on both the top and bottom surfaces, and the overall thickness of the composite absorbent pad is 5 to 12 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the raw materials inside the composite absorbent pad also contain silica fume.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite absorbent pad molding process includes the following steps: taking polymerized bentonite powder, adding fly ash, adhesive powder and water-reducing agent, adding water at a water-to-solid ratio of 0.35 to 0.40, and stirring to form a fluid mixture; laying non-woven geotextile at the bottom of the mold, injecting the above mixture into the mold and vibrating it to evenly spread it throughout the mold, then covering the surface with an upper layer of non-woven geotextile, and drying to obtain the finished composite absorbent pad.

[0015] Furthermore, the polymerization reaction parameters for polymerized bentonite powder meet the following requirements: the acrylic acid participating in the polymerization is neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution, and the degree of neutralization is controlled to be 65% to 80%; the in-situ polymerization drying temperature of polymerized bentonite powder is controlled to be 60 to 80℃, and the polymerization drying time is controlled to be 10 to 24h.

[0016] Furthermore, the parameters for each mixing stage before the polymerization of the bentonite powder are controlled as follows: the stirring speed during the bentonite suspension slurry preparation stage is 500 to 600 r / min, and the stirring duration is 30 to 40 min; the stirring speed during the monomer raw material mixing stage is 300 to 400 r / min.

[0017] Furthermore, after injecting the above mixture into the mold, it is vibrated to evenly spread the mixture into the mold or vibrated and pressed to form the mixture. After covering it with a layer of non-woven geotextile, it is directly placed in an environment of 40 to 60°C for drying, or it is first cured at 25°C for 48 hours and then placed in an environment of 50°C for drying.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention provides a guide post at the bottom of the support component, which forms an interference fit with the fixing sleeve at the bottom of the support rubber pad. During use, the downward pressure generated by personnel stepping on the device can be converted into radial frictional locking force, making the connection between the guide post and the fixing sleeve increasingly tight as the force increases. This prevents the support component from tilting or falling off due to uneven force, thereby improving the overall structural stability and safety of the device.

[0020] 2. By setting crisscrossing support shafts inside the support rubber pad, the internal space is divided into multiple independent receiving slots. This structure can physically limit and support the segmented composite absorbent pad, preventing the absorbent pad from shifting, wrinkling or locally accumulating under long-term pressure from stepping on it. This ensures the flatness and uniformity of the absorbent material, thereby guaranteeing stable absorbency and stepping comfort.

[0021] 3. This invention uses polymerized bentonite powder as the core water-absorbing material, and combines it with fly ash, adhesive powder, etc. to form a core. Polymerized bentonite provides high-efficiency water absorption and retention capacity; fly ash, as an industrial solid waste, not only reduces costs, but also acts as a skeleton filler, enhancing the compressive strength of the core; the outer non-woven geotextile ensures the integrity and permeability of the structure. This composite material formula takes into account water absorption performance, mechanical strength, and low-carbon environmental protection requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the specification, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and enable those skilled in the art to practice and use the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a breakdown diagram of the supporting components of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the bottom of the supporting rubber pad of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the initial and settled flowability of the mixtures in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the macroscopic morphological stability test results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3 after water absorption saturation of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a distribution diagram of the water absorption rate test results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 4 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 The distribution diagram shows the compressive strength test results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 1. Supporting rubber pad; 2. Supporting assembly; 201. Fixing frame; 202. Grating strip; 203. Receiving groove; 204. Supporting shaft; 205. Guide post; 206. Fixing sleeve; 3. Composite absorbent pad.

[0032] As shown in the figure, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure to clearly illustrate the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. However, this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device and environment. Those skilled in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments according to specific needs. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following is a detailed description of a low-carbon, environmentally friendly polymeric bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin, provided by the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments; those skilled in the art can also use other alternative methods to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments" in the specification indicates that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0035] Terms can be understood, at least in part, from their use in context. For example, depending at least in part on the context, the term “one or more” as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term “based on” can be understood not necessarily to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather, alternatively, depending at least in part on the context, to allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0036] See attached document Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 The present invention provides a low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymeric bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin, including a supporting rubber pad 1, a supporting component 2 inside the supporting rubber pad 1, and a composite water-absorbing pad 3 inside the supporting rubber pad 1. The supporting component 2 is used to bear the weight of people stepping on it and allow water to pass through and fall into the composite water-absorbing pad 3.

[0037] The support component 2 includes a fixed frame 201, which is slidably connected inside the support rubber pad 1. A grid strip 202 is fixedly connected inside the fixed frame 201. Multiple support shafts 204 are fixedly connected inside the support rubber pad 1. The multiple support shafts 204 are used to divide the internal space of the support rubber pad 1 to form multiple receiving grooves 203. Guide posts 205 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the fixed frame 201. Fixed sleeves 206 are slidably connected to the bottom of the support rubber pad 1 at the positions corresponding to the guide posts 205. The guide posts 205 and the fixed sleeves 206 are interference-fitted.

[0038] Specifically, during the overall assembly and operation of the device, the supporting rubber pad 1 serves as the base, providing overall support. Multiple internal supporting shafts 204 reinforce the structure and isolate the space. The resulting multiple receiving grooves 203 divide and limit the composite absorbent pad 3, preventing wrinkles or displacement under pressure. During assembly, the fixing frame 201 slides and embeds itself along the inner wall of the supporting rubber pad 1. The grid strips 202 inside the fixing frame 201 provide a foothold for the user, and their perforated nature allows surface water to directly pass through the gaps and fall into the composite absorbent pad 3 at the bottom for absorption. At the same time, the guide post 205 at the bottom of the fixed frame 201 passes through the supporting rubber pad 1 and is inserted into the fixed sleeve 206 at the bottom of the supporting rubber pad 1. Since the guide post 205 and the fixed sleeve 206 adopt an interference fit, during the actual stepping force process, the downward gravity applied by the person will drive the guide post 205 to continuously squeeze into the fixed sleeve 206. Relying on the physical interference characteristics of the interference fit, the two are combined and reinforced, achieving the locking effect of preventing the supporting component 2 from tilting or falling off under force. During disassembly and maintenance, the fixed sleeve 206 can be pulled out from the bottom to unlock it and enable the internal components to be cleaned and replaced.

[0039] The main raw materials and reagents used in the following examples and comparative examples have the following sources and specifications. Reagents not specifically mentioned are all commercially available analytical grade or higher grade products.

[0040] Sodium-based bentonite, CAS number 1302-78-9, is mainly composed of montmorillonite, with sodium ions being the main interlayer cation. It is a commercially available 200-mesh industrial-grade powder.

[0041] Calcium-based bentonite, CAS number 1302-78-9, is mainly composed of montmorillonite, with calcium ions being the main interlayer cation. It is a commercially available 200-mesh industrial-grade powder.

[0042] Fly ash, commercially available Class I dry fly ash that meets national standards.

[0043] The adhesive powder is a commercially available construction-grade dispersible latex powder, with the main polymer component being vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer.

[0044] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer, commercially available comb-shaped high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer liquid product, with a solid content of 40wt%.

[0045] Naphthalene-based water-reducing agent powder, CAS number 91-20-3, commercially available industrial-grade powder product.

[0046] Silica fume, CAS number 69012-64-2, is mainly composed of amorphous silica powder and is a commercially available industrial-grade product.

[0047] The curing agent is a commercially available water-based silicate surface curing agent for concrete, the main active ingredient of which is an aqueous solution of sodium silicate.

[0048] The nonwoven geotextile is made of commercially available permeable polyester filament nonwoven geotextile with a surface density of 150 g / m². 2 .

[0049] Acrylic acid, acrylamide, sodium hydroxide, potassium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate are all commercially available conventional chemical reagents.

[0050] In this embodiment, the units of measurement for the amount of each material and solvent are uniformly referred to as parts by weight.

[0051] Preparation Example 1:

[0052] This preparation example provides a method for preparing polymerized bentonite powder, comprising the following steps: taking 100 parts of sodium-based bentonite and dispersing it in 500 parts of water, stirring at 500 r / min for 30 min to form a bentonite suspension slurry; neutralizing 225 parts of acrylic acid with sodium hydroxide solution to a neutralization degree of 80%, adding 75 parts of acrylamide, stirring at 300 r / min for 15 min; then adding the above bentonite suspension slurry, stirring at 400 r / min for 20 min, adding 1.5 parts of potassium persulfate, pouring into a mold, and placing it in a drying oven at 60℃ for in-situ polymerization and drying for 24 h, and pulverizing to obtain polymerized bentonite powder, wherein the polymerized bentonite powder is polymerized bentonite powder A.

[0053] Preparation Example 2:

[0054] This preparation example provides a method for preparing polymerized bentonite powder, comprising the following steps: taking 80 parts of calcium-based bentonite and dispersing it in 600 parts of water, stirring at 500 r / min for 30 min to form a bentonite suspension slurry; neutralizing 96 parts of acrylic acid with sodium hydroxide solution to a neutralization degree of 65%, adding 24 parts of acrylamide, stirring at 300 r / min for 15 min; then adding the above bentonite suspension slurry, stirring at 400 r / min for 20 min, adding 0.96 parts of ammonium persulfate, pouring into a mold and placing it in a drying oven at 70℃ for polymerization drying for 10 h, pulverizing and passing through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain polymerized bentonite powder, wherein the polymerized bentonite powder is polymerized bentonite powder B.

[0055] Preparation Example 3:

[0056] This preparation example provides a method for preparing polymerized bentonite powder, comprising the following steps: taking 120 parts of sodium-based bentonite and dispersing it in 500 parts of water, stirring at 600 r / min for 40 min to form a bentonite suspension slurry; neutralizing 336 parts of acrylic acid with sodium hydroxide solution to a neutralization degree of 75%, adding 144 parts of acrylamide, stirring at 300 r / min for 15 min; then adding the above bentonite suspension slurry, stirring at 400 r / min for 20 min, and adding 2.88 parts of ammonium persulfate, pouring into a mold and placing it in a drying oven at 80℃ for polymerization and drying for 12 h, and pulverizing to obtain polymerized bentonite powder, wherein the polymerized bentonite powder is polymerized bentonite powder C.

[0057] Example 1:

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a composite absorbent pad, including the following steps:

[0059] S1. Take 100 parts of the polymerized bentonite powder A obtained in Preparation Example 1, add 80 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of adhesive powder and 3 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, add water according to a water-to-solid ratio of 0.35, and stir to form a fluid mixture.

[0060] S2. Lay a non-woven geotextile at the bottom of a 10mm thick mold, inject the above mixture into the mold and vibrate it to spread it evenly to form the mold. Then cover the surface with a layer of non-woven geotextile and dry it at 40℃ for 24 hours to obtain a finished composite absorbent pad with a thickness of 10mm.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a composite absorbent pad, including the following steps:

[0063] S1. Take 100 parts of the polymerized bentonite powder B obtained in Preparation Example 2, add 100 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of adhesive powder and 2 parts of naphthalene-based water-reducing agent powder, add water at a water-to-solid ratio of 0.40, and stir to form a fluid mixture.

[0064] S2. Lay a non-woven geotextile at the bottom of a 5mm thick mold, inject the above mixture into the mold and vibrate it to spread it evenly to form the mold. Then cover the surface with a layer of non-woven geotextile, cure at 25℃ for 48 hours, and dry at 50℃ to obtain a finished composite absorbent pad with a thickness of 5mm.

[0065] Example 3:

[0066] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a composite absorbent pad, including the following steps:

[0067] S1. Take 100 parts of the polymerized bentonite powder C obtained in Preparation Example 3, add 60 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of adhesive powder, 5 parts of silica fume and 2.5 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, add water at a water-to-solid ratio of 0.38 and stir to form a fluid mixture.

[0068] S2. Lay a non-woven geotextile at the bottom of a 12mm thick mold, inject the above mixture into the mold and then vibrate and press it to form a finished composite absorbent pad. Then cover the surface with a layer of non-woven geotextile, dry it in an environment of 60℃, and finally spray a curing agent on the surface to obtain a finished composite absorbent pad with a thickness of 12mm.

[0069] Comparative Example 1:

[0070] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the preparation method of the polymerized bentonite powder used is as follows: the acrylic acid and acrylamide solution are neutralized and an initiator is added to polymerize and dry and pulverize them separately, and then they are directly physically dry mixed with sodium-based bentonite powder. No in-situ intercalation polymerization reaction occurs. All other aspects are the same.

[0071] Comparative Example 2:

[0072] The difference between this example and Example 3 is that no fly ash was added to the mixture in S1, but everything else is the same.

[0073] Comparative Example 3:

[0074] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the bottom of the mold in S2 is not covered with non-woven geotextile, and the surface is not covered with non-woven geotextile. The mixture is directly cured and dried in the mold, and no sandwich structure wrapping system is formed. All other aspects are the same.

[0075] Comparative Example 4:

[0076] Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the amount of monomer added during the preparation of the polymerized bentonite powder is reduced, so that the ratio of bentonite to total monomer mass becomes 1:0.5, while the rest are the same.

[0077] Test Example 1:

[0078] 800g of each of the mixtures from Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 after adding water and stirring was taken as the experimental subjects.

[0079] Place the truncated cone mold in the center of a horizontal, clean, and dry glass plate.

[0080] Pour the test material into the truncated cone mold all at once, use a scraper to scrape off the excess material along the top surface of the mold, and then lift the truncated cone mold vertically upwards smoothly.

[0081] After the material has flowed freely on the glass plate surface and come to rest, use vernier calipers to measure the maximum diameter of the material's spread surface and the diameter in the vertical direction, and take the arithmetic mean of the two as the initial flowability.

[0082] The remaining mixture was left to stand at 25°C for 30 minutes in a sealed state. The test procedure from step 2 to step 4 was repeated, and the flowability data after standing for 30 minutes was recorded.

[0083] Table 1: Results of Flowability Tests of Mixed Slurries from Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1

[0084] Group Initial flowability / mm Flowability (mm) after standing for 30 minutes Example 1 184.5 172.0 Example 2 196.2 183.5 Example 3 175.8 161.4 Comparative Example 1 108.3 102.1

[0085] From Table 1 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the initial flowability of the mixtures in Examples 1 to 3 is in the range of 175.8 mm to 196.2 mm, and the flowability after standing for 30 minutes is in the range of 161.4 mm to 183.5 mm. The initial flowability of the mixture in Comparative Example 1 is 108.3 mm, and it is in a stacked state after demolding.

[0086] When highly absorbent polymers come into contact with water, the surface macromolecular network undergoes hydration and swelling to form a gel layer, causing interparticle adhesion and agglomeration, leading to an increase in the viscosity of the slurry system and gel blockage. In Examples 1 to 3, the polymeric bentonite was prepared by in-situ intercalation polymerization. The polymer was dispersed and anchored in the interlayer gaps of montmorillonite. This structure limits the swelling rate of the long polymer chains in the initial stage in the aqueous medium. Fly ash is distributed inside the slurry, and water-reducing agent molecules are adsorbed on the surface of powder particles, generating steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion. Fly ash particles separate the microscopic polymeric bentonite particles, reducing the probability of early agglomeration and contact, maintaining the proportion of free water in the system, and enabling the material to exhibit slurry flow characteristics in the initial stage of water mixing and molding. In Comparative Example 1, a physical mixing method was used, where polymer macromolecules were directly exposed to the aqueous phase and rapidly absorbed water and swelled. The free water in the system was sharply reduced and a gel network was formed, causing the material to lose its flow and diffusion capabilities.

[0087] Test Example 2:

[0088] Absorbent pads with a planar size of 200mm×200mm prepared in Examples 1 to 3, as well as Comparative Examples 1 and 3, were cut as experimental subjects, placed in an oven and dried at 60°C until constant weight was achieved. The initial dry weight was then weighed and recorded.

[0089] The sample was horizontally immersed in a 25°C deionized water bath and left to stand for 48 hours.

[0090] Use a horizontally perforated bracket to gently remove the sample from the water, place it horizontally on the multi-hole test platform, and let it stand for 10 minutes to filter the water.

[0091] Support the sample with a 20mm width at each end of its edges on two parallel steel pads, leaving the central 160mm area suspended in the air.

[0092] A sample with a base area of ​​25 cm² is placed at the center of the sample surface. 2 A cylindrical weight with a mass of 200g was left to stand for 15 minutes. The vertical displacement of the center position of the bottom surface of the sample was measured using a laser displacement sensor and recorded as the center deflection.

[0093] After undergoing the above tests, the sample, along with any detached fragments, was transferred to a standard mesh screen with a 2mm aperture. The sample was then slowly rinsed with deionized water for 1 minute. All material remaining on the mesh screen was collected and dried at 105℃ to constant weight. The final dry weight was recorded.

[0094] Calculate the ratio of the final dry weight to the initial dry weight as the mass retention rate.

[0095] Table 2: Results of macroscopic morphological stability tests after water absorption saturation for Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3

[0096] Group Quality retention rate / % Center deflection / mm Example 1 98.4 13.2 Example 2 97.1 16.7 Example 3 99.2 8.5 Comparative Example 1 68.3 37.4 Comparative Example 3 43.6 Fracture failure

[0097] From Table 2 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the mass retention rate of Examples 1 to 3 is in the range of 97.1% to 99.2%, and the center deflection under water saturation state is in the range of 8.5 mm to 16.7 mm. The mass retention rate of Comparative Example 1 is 68.3%, the center deflection is 37.4 mm, and the mass retention rate of Comparative Example 3 is 43.6%. The sample broke and failed during the test loading process.

[0098] The examples employ in-situ intercalation polymerization, where polymer macromolecular chains are distributed between bentonite silicate sheets, forming a semi-interpenetrating network structure. The polymeric water-absorbing phase is physically anchored to the inorganic mineral phase. Fly ash particles and dispersible latex powder construct an internal supporting skeleton during the molding process. Polymerized bentonite microparticles are distributed within the pore network of this skeleton. Non-woven geotextile is cemented and permeated by the polymer, forming a wrapping layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the mixture. When the mixture absorbs water and expands, the outer non-woven geotextile applies tension constraint, while the internal fly ash skeleton bears local expansion deformation. In Comparative Example 1, the polymer and bentonite are in a physically dry-mixed state. After absorbing water, the polymer transforms into a free hydrogel, which escapes along the gaps in the fly ash skeleton under gravity and external loads, resulting in a reduction in the overall load-bearing capacity and mass loss of the sample. In Comparative Example 3, no outer non-woven geotextile is laid. When the material absorbs water and swells, the volume expansion is not constrained by the boundary. The internal supporting skeleton is structurally damaged by hydration expansion stress, and the sample loses its macroscopic load-bearing capacity, accompanied by structural disintegration and a large loss of material.

[0099] Test Example 3:

[0100] Absorbent pads with a planar size of 100mm×100mm prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 4 were used as experimental subjects and dried in a drying oven at 60℃ for 24 hours until constant weight was achieved. The initial dry weight of each sample was weighed and recorded.

[0101] After weighing, the sample is placed into a nylon mesh bag with a pore size of 0.1 mm and the bag opening is tied tightly.

[0102] The mesh bag containing the sample was completely immersed in a water bath containing 25°C deionized water, with the sample surface 50 mm below the water surface, and the immersion was maintained for 24 hours.

[0103] Remove the mesh bag vertically from the water bath and suspend it in a windless test chamber with a temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 50%, and let it stand to drain for 15 minutes.

[0104] Weigh the total weight of the drained mesh bag and the sample, deduct the weight of the wet nylon mesh bag, and record the total weight of the sample after it absorbs water.

[0105] Calculate the difference between the total weight after water absorption and the initial dry weight, and divide the difference by the initial dry weight to obtain the water absorption rate of each group of samples.

[0106] Table 3: Water Absorption Rate Test Results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 4

[0107] Group Initial dry weight / g Total weight after water absorption / g Water absorption rate / % Example 1 18.24 86.71 375.38 Example 2 11.65 38.65 231.76 Example 3 24.31 101.03 315.59 Comparative Example 1 18.52 39.35 112.47 Comparative Example 4 12.08 30.96 156.29

[0108] From Table 3 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the water absorption rate of Examples 1 to 3 is in the range of 231.76% to 375.38%, the water absorption rate of Comparative Example 1 is 112.47%, and the water absorption rate of Comparative Example 4 is 156.29%.

[0109] In the examples, in-situ intercalation polymerization was used to prepare the polymerized bentonite. Acrylic acid and acrylamide monomers copolymerized in the interlayer space of montmorillonite. The polyacrylic acid-acrylamide macromolecular chains expanded the silicate sheets. The hydrophilic carboxyl and amide groups on the polymer chains combined with the inorganic mineral interlayer structure to form a semi-interpenetrating network with osmotic pressure. Water molecules entered the internal space of the material through this network structure and stayed there. In Comparative Example 1, the polymer and bentonite powder were physically dry-mixed. The polymer was not generated inside the silicate sheets, and the interlayer space of montmorillonite was not expanded by the macromolecular chains. Under the condition of water immersion, the physically attached polymer was lost through free diffusion, and the macroscopic water absorption rate of the sample showed a decrease. In Comparative Example 4, the amount of monomers involved in the polymerization reaction was reduced, the total amount of polymer generated in the reaction system was reduced, the density of polymer chain segments inserted into the bentonite interlayer was reduced accordingly, the number of hydrophilic groups in the three-dimensional network was reduced, the internal osmotic pressure difference of the material decreased, and the binding ability of the material to water molecules was reduced, resulting in a decrease in the final water absorption rate of the sample.

[0110] Test Example 4:

[0111] The finished absorbent pads prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 with a plane size of 100mm×100mm were used as experimental objects. The actual length and width of each sample were measured using vernier calipers, and the pressure area was calculated.

[0112] The sample was placed in a constant temperature and humidity test chamber and left for 24 hours at a temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 50%.

[0113] The treated sample is placed horizontally at the center of the lower pressure plate of the universal testing machine.

[0114] Adjust the upper pressure plate to contact the upper surface of the specimen, set the loading rate of the universal testing machine to 2.0 mm / min, and apply a vertical compressive load to the specimen.

[0115] Record the maximum load value output by the testing machine sensor when the specimen undergoes macroscopic damage or yielding during compression.

[0116] The compressive strength of each specimen is calculated by dividing the recorded maximum load by the area under pressure.

[0117] Table 4: Compressive strength test results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3

[0118] Group <![CDATA[Compression area / mm 2 > Maximum load / N Compressive strength / MPa Example 1 10023.5 5212.2 0.52 Example 2 9985.4 4293.7 0.43 Example 3 10051.8 8141.9 0.81 Comparative Example 2 10012.3 2803.4 0.28 Comparative Example 3 9992.6 3497.4 0.35

[0119] From Table 4 and Figure 7 It can be seen that the compressive strength of Examples 1 to 3 is in the range of 0.43 MPa to 0.81 MPa, the compressive strength of Comparative Example 2 is 0.28 MPa, and the compressive strength of Comparative Example 3 is 0.35 MPa.

[0120] The formulation of the example contains fly ash and non-woven geotextiles are placed on the upper and lower surfaces. After drying and molding, the fly ash and adhesive powder form a supporting skeleton, and polymerized bentonite is distributed in the pores of the skeleton. The non-woven geotextiles are bonded and permeated by the mixture to form a sandwich stress system. When the sample is subjected to vertical compressive load, the fly ash skeleton transmits compressive stress, and the upper and lower non-woven geotextiles provide tensile constraints, reducing lateral slippage and cracking inside the material. Comparative Example 2 does not add fly ash, and there is no rigid particle supporting skeleton in the system. Under compressive load, the material matrix undergoes plastic deformation and crushing, and the compressive strength value is low. Comparative Example 3 does not lay non-woven geotextiles, and the material has no external wrapping constraint layer. When a vertical compressive load is applied, the internal material system undergoes lateral deformation, stress concentration occurs at the edge of the sample and cracks appear. Crack propagation makes the macroscopic compressive strength lower than that of Example 1.

[0121] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0122] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon, environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin, characterized in that, Includes a supporting rubber pad (1), inside which a supporting component (2) is provided, and inside which a composite absorbent pad (3) is provided, the supporting component (2) is used to bear the weight of people stepping on it and allow water to pass through and fall into the composite absorbent pad (3); The support assembly (2) includes a fixed frame (201), which is slidably connected inside the support rubber pad (1). A grid strip (202) is fixedly connected inside the fixed frame (201). Multiple support shafts (204) are fixedly connected inside the support rubber pad (1). The multiple support shafts (204) are used to divide the internal space of the support rubber pad (1) to form multiple receiving grooves (203). Guide posts (205) are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the fixed frame (201). A fixed sleeve (206) is slidably connected to the bottom of the support rubber pad (1) corresponding to the position of the guide post (205). The guide post (205) and the fixed sleeve (206) are interference fit.

2. The low-carbon, environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite absorbent pad (3) is made from raw material reaction. Based on 100 parts of polymerized bentonite powder, the raw material contains the following other components in parts by weight: 60 to 100 parts fly ash; 8 to 10 parts of adhesive powder; 2 to 3 parts water-reducing agent.

3. The low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water-reducing agent is a comb-shaped high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer liquid product with a solid content of 40wt%, or a naphthalene-based water-reducing agent powder.

4. The low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polymerized bentonite powder is made by copolymerization of monomer raw materials comprising the following parts by weight: 80 to 120 parts of bentonite; Acrylic acid 96 to 336 parts; Acrylamide 24 to 144 parts; Initiator 0.96 to 2.88 parts; The bentonite is sodium-based bentonite or calcium-based bentonite; the initiator is potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate.

5. The low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin according to claim 4, characterized in that, The composite absorbent pad (3) has a sandwich structure, with non-woven geotextile covering both its upper and lower surfaces, and the overall thickness of the composite absorbent pad (3) is 5 to 12 mm.

6. The low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The composite absorbent pad (3) also contains silica fume in its internal raw materials.

7. The low-carbon, environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molding process of the composite absorbent pad (3) includes the following steps: Take the polymerized bentonite powder, add the fly ash, the adhesive powder and the water-reducing agent, add water at a water-to-solid ratio of 0.35 to 0.40, and stir to form a fluid mixture. Non-woven geotextile is laid at the bottom of the mold. The above mixture is injected into the mold and vibrated to spread evenly to form the mold. Then, a layer of non-woven geotextile is covered on the surface and dried to obtain the finished composite absorbent pad (3).

8. The low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin according to claim 7, characterized in that, The polymerization reaction parameters of the polymerized bentonite powder satisfy the following: The degree of neutralization of the acrylic acid involved in the polymerization by the sodium hydroxide solution is controlled to be 65% to 80%; the in-situ polymerization drying temperature of the polymerized bentonite powder is controlled to be 60 to 80°C, and the polymerization drying time is controlled to be 10 to 24 hours.

9. The low-carbon and environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin according to claim 7, characterized in that, The parameters for each mixing stage before the polymerization of the polymerized bentonite powder are controlled as follows: the stirring speed during the bentonite suspension slurry preparation stage is 500 to 600 r / min, and the stirring duration is 30 to 40 min; the stirring speed during the monomer raw material mixing stage is 300 to 400 r / min.

10. The low-carbon, environmentally friendly polymerized bentonite water-absorbing device for use in front of a washbasin according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the above-mentioned mixture is injected into the mold, it is vibrated to evenly spread the mixture into the mold or vibrated and pressed to form the mixture. After covering it with a layer of non-woven geotextile, it is directly placed in an environment of 40 to 60°C for drying, or it is first cured at 25°C for 48 hours and then placed in an environment of 50°C for drying.

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