Rainwater harvesting and fire protection reuse system integrated into agricultural waste collection and storage center

Abstract

This invention relates to the interdisciplinary fields of water supply and drainage science and engineering, intelligent agricultural waste collection and storage, and intelligent fire protection, specifically a rainwater collection and fire-fighting reuse system integrated into an agricultural waste collection and storage center. It solves the problems of poor system adaptability and insufficient fire-fighting reserves in existing technologies. The system includes a water storage component connected to a dust suppression and fire-fighting component via a variable frequency booster pump set. The rainwater pretreatment component, the variable frequency booster pump set, and the dust suppression and fire-fighting component are all connected to a control module. The control module includes a sensing module and a control platform. The control platform has a built-in risk model used to predict fire risks based on data collected by the sensing module. When the risk value reaches a preset threshold, it issues commands to the variable frequency booster pump set and the dust suppression and fire-fighting component. The beneficial effects are: by using an AI risk model to predict fire risks in advance and automatically activating fog curtain pre-humidification and pressurized water supply during the warning period, it transforms passive fire extinguishing into active prevention and control, reducing the risk of fire spread from highly flammable materials such as straw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of water supply and drainage science and engineering, intelligent agricultural waste collection and storage, and intelligent fire protection, and in particular to a rainwater collection and fire protection reuse system integrated into an agricultural waste collection and storage center. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the global energy transition and the "dual carbon" goal, agricultural waste, as a core raw material for biomass energy, has become a crucial link in the large-scale collection, storage, and pretreatment of agricultural waste for industrial development. Agricultural waste collection and storage centers are typically located in rural or suburban areas, relying on factory buildings, storage yards, and semi-enclosed facilities to centrally store and transfer large quantities of flammable biomass raw materials. However, current such collection and storage facilities still suffer from the following technical deficiencies in terms of fire safety, water resource utilization, and system intelligence:

[0003] First, fire safety risks are prominent. Agricultural waste such as straw is characterized by high bulk density, low ignition point, and rapid spread of fire. Especially during hot and dry seasons, the interior of the stacks is prone to fire due to microbial fermentation or self-heating. Existing fire protection systems largely rely on municipal water supply, while storage centers are often located in areas with weak municipal pipeline coverage, resulting in unstable water pressure and delayed emergency response. Furthermore, existing fire protection systems are disconnected from the storage and operation scenarios, making it difficult to implement differentiated fire prevention measures based on dynamic changes in raw material storage volume, stack temperature, and humidity.

[0004] Secondly, water waste and dust pollution coexist. The storage center generates significant amounts of dust during raw material drying, loading, unloading, and transfer, requiring substantial water resources for dust suppression. Meanwhile, the lack of efficient rainwater collection and reuse systems on factory roofs and in the site leads to direct discharge of rainwater, wasting water and potentially causing waterlogging that affects the quality of stored raw materials. Existing rainwater utilization solutions are mostly designed for urban buildings or general industrial parks, failing to consider the adaptability requirements for rainwater quality, quantity fluctuations, and seasonal droughts in agricultural waste storage scenarios.

[0005] Secondly, the system suffers from poor coordination and low levels of intelligence. The existing rainwater harvesting, fire protection, and dust suppression systems in the storage centers operate independently, lacking a unified control mechanism and data interconnection. This makes it impossible to dynamically allocate water resources based on weather forecasts and raw material conditions. For example, during dry seasons when rainfall is insufficient, it is difficult to simultaneously address dust suppression and fire protection needs; during rainy seasons, excessive rainwater discharge fails to adequately reserve emergency fire-fighting water. The manual control mode is slow to respond and prone to errors, making it difficult to meet the high-efficiency operation requirements of intelligent storage.

[0006] To address some of the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have developed devices that integrate rainwater harvesting and firefighting functions. For example, patent CN10336A discloses a smart waste disposal device and its control system. This device includes a main body, a waste collection bin, a display screen, fire sprinklers, and a pressure space amplification module. Its technical solution incorporates a rainwater harvesting control module. Rainwater passes through a rainwater filtration module and a receiving and processing module before being stored in a storage module, which is connected to a fire-fighting water storage module. The fire-fighting water storage module also interacts with a waste bin cleaning module, achieving preliminary integration of rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting water supply. The device also includes a waste intelligent identification and auxiliary sorting module, a storage regulation control module, and a replacement waste bin module, making it suitable for the classified collection and fire-fighting pre-treatment of urban household waste.

[0007] However, the above-mentioned solutions are mainly aimed at urban household waste classification and the internal compression, cleaning, and turnover of garbage bins. Their rainwater collection and fire-fighting reuse designs do not take into account the special needs of agricultural waste collection and storage centers, such as efficient water collection and initial diversion of ultra-large roofs and sites, special pollution of water quality by biomass impurities, fire risk prediction of stacks, water supply resilience under extreme conditions such as drought and earthquakes, and issues such as the reuse of rainwater in multiple scenarios such as dust suppression, pre-humidification, and pest control, as well as AI dynamic control. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention proposes a rainwater collection and fire-fighting reuse system integrated into an agricultural waste collection and storage center, which solves the problems of poor system adaptability, insufficient fire-fighting reserves, and low level of intelligence in the existing technology.

[0009] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0010] A rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system integrated into an agricultural waste collection and storage center is characterized by comprising a rainwater harvesting component, a rainwater pretreatment component, and a water storage component connected in sequence. The water storage component is connected to a dust suppression and fire-fighting component via a variable frequency booster pump set. The rainwater pretreatment component, the variable frequency booster pump set, and the dust suppression and fire-fighting component are all connected to a control module. The control module includes a sensing module and a control platform. The sensing module includes temperature and humidity sensors installed inside the collection and storage center, a data interface for acquiring regional weather forecast data, and pressure sensors distributed inside the stack. The control platform has a built-in risk model for predicting fire risks based on the data collected by the sensing module and issuing instructions to the variable frequency booster pump set and the dust suppression and fire-fighting component when the risk value reaches a preset threshold.

[0011] Furthermore, the risk model is constructed based on the storage status and meteorological data input from the sensing module, using an improved convolutional neural network and long short-term memory network algorithm. This model can integrate multi-dimensional parameters such as stack temperature field, moisture content, pressure changes, and external wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall probability to achieve dynamic prediction of fire risk within the next 48 hours.

[0012] Furthermore, the inlet of the variable frequency booster pump set is connected to the water storage component via a valve, and the outlet of the variable frequency booster pump set is connected to the dust suppression and fire-fighting component via a valve. By controlling each valve and the variable frequency booster pump set, the dust suppression and fire-fighting component is driven. This allows the dust suppression and fire-fighting component to operate at different water pressures under different working conditions.

[0013] Furthermore, the dust suppression and fire-fighting components include a fire water supply network and a mist curtain spray network. The fire water supply network is connected to fire hydrants or water guns via fire interfaces at its end, for manual or automatic fire extinguishing. The mist curtain spray network is arranged around the stacks within the storage center. The mist curtain spray network can generate an ultra-fine water mist curtain during the fire warning period to pre-wet and cool the surface of the stacks, reducing their ignition point.

[0014] Furthermore, the rainwater pretreatment component includes a diversion device, an algae reaction zone, and a microbial membrane filter layer connected in sequence. The diversion device automatically discharges the initial high-turbidity runoff based on the initial rainwater pollution level; the algae reaction zone cultivates pollutant-loving algae to adsorb heavy metals and organic matter and release oxygen; the microbial membrane filter layer uses modified straw fiber as a carrier, with an attached enzyme-producing bacterial membrane to degrade COD and residual toxins from agricultural waste, reducing the turbidity of the effluent.

[0015] Furthermore, the rainwater harvesting component is a leaf vein-style biomimetic water collection unit. The rainwater harvesting unit includes at least one main vein guide channel and multiple branch vein guide channels. The main vein guide channel is arranged along the ridge to the eaves of the roof of the collection center, with a rainwater hopper corresponding to its lower end. The branch vein guide channels are distributed on both sides of the main vein guide channel, with their heads connected to the main vein guide channel. After rainwater flows over the roof, it sequentially passes through the branch vein guide channels and the main vein guide channel, collecting in the rainwater hopper, and then is transported to the diversion device via the rainwater pipe network.

[0016] Furthermore, the main vein guide channel is equipped with detachable impurity interception nets at intervals; the inner surfaces of the main vein guide channel, branch vein guide channels, and rainwater hopper are all coated with a hydrophobic coating. The impurity interception nets are used to intercept larger floating objects such as straw fragments and fallen leaves.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner side of the rainwater inlet of the rainwater hopper is distributed with micro-spiked structures to intercept impurities in the rainwater; the micro-spiked structures are inverted conical spikes. The inverted conical spikes are 0.8mm thick at the base, 0.2mm thin at the tip, 5mm long, and 2mm apart. They can trap impurities such as straw fragments, fallen leaves, dust, and sand with a particle size ≥0.5mm, and are easily washed away and self-cleaned by rainwater.

[0018] Furthermore, the water storage component includes a water storage tank, the surface of which is covered with a floating plate, the edge of which contacts the tank wall; the floating plate is a nano-sized silica composite honeycomb floating plate with a porosity of ≤5%.

[0019] Furthermore, photovoltaic sunshades are installed above the water storage tank, with an inclination angle of 10°-30°. The photovoltaic sunshades not only block sunlight to reduce water temperature and evaporation, but also provide supplemental green electricity for the system and some electrical equipment in the storage center.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by using an AI risk model to predict fire risks 48 hours in advance, and automatically activating fog curtain pre-humidification and pressurized water supply during the warning period, the passive fire extinguishing is transformed into active prevention and control, which greatly reduces the risk of fire spread of highly flammable materials such as straw.

[0021] By utilizing rooftop rainwater harvesting and deep pretreatment, rainwater can replace municipal water for applications such as dust suppression, pre-wetting of stacked goods, and cleaning, significantly improving rainwater utilization. Combined with photovoltaic evaporation suppression and floating panel coverage, water storage loss is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water collection and pretreatment module;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water storage tank and the evaporation suppression function;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating fire protection reuse and extreme emergency response.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the system operation process. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system integrated into an agricultural waste collection and storage center. The system includes a rainwater harvesting component, a rainwater pretreatment component, and a water storage component connected in sequence. The water storage component is connected to a dust suppression and fire-fighting component via a variable frequency booster pump set. The rainwater pretreatment component, the variable frequency booster pump set, and the dust suppression and fire-fighting component are all connected to a control module. The control module includes a sensing module and a control platform. The sensing module includes a temperature and humidity sensor installed inside the collection and storage center, a data interface for acquiring regional weather forecast data, and pressure sensors distributed inside the stack. The control platform has a built-in risk model for predicting fire risks based on the data collected by the sensing module, and issues instructions to the variable frequency booster pump set and the dust suppression and fire-fighting component when the risk value reaches a preset threshold.

[0030] This system addresses the disconnect between water resource management and fire safety in traditional rainwater collection and storage centers by establishing a complete chain from rainwater source collection to safe reuse at the end. Specifically, rainwater harvesting components are installed on the roof of the storage center's building to capture natural precipitation. The collected rainwater enters a rainwater pretreatment component, undergoing multiple purification processes including physical interception, biological absorption, and degradation to meet reuse water quality standards. The treated water is then stored in a water storage component. Under normal operating conditions, the control module monitors the ambient temperature and humidity, as well as internal pressure changes within the storage center, in real time through its sensing module, and obtains regional weather forecast data via a data interface. The control platform's built-in risk model performs in-depth calculations and fusion analysis on this multi-source data, predicting the risk of self-heating and spontaneous combustion of the storage stacks in advance. When the risk value exceeds a preset safety threshold, the control platform automatically sends action commands to the variable frequency booster pump set and the dust suppression and fire-fighting component. The variable frequency booster pump set then draws and pressurizes water from the water storage component, driving the water flow into the dust suppression and fire-fighting component. At this time, the dust suppression and fire-fighting components can form a dense water mist curtain around the stack, which can actively block the occurrence and spread of fire by increasing the ambient humidity and reducing the surface temperature of the materials, thus achieving a fundamental improvement from passive fire extinguishing after the fact to proactive prevention and control before the event.

[0031] In one embodiment, the aforementioned risk model is constructed based on the storage status and meteorological data input from the sensing module, using an improved convolutional neural network and a long short-term memory network (CNN+LSTM) algorithm. This model enables the control platform to automatically extract spatial features and temporal dependencies from continuous temperature and humidity time-series data and meteorological forecast data. Local environmental data collected by temperature and humidity sensors, changes in expansion pressure inside the stack due to fermentation heat generation sensed by distributed pressure sensors, and forecast information such as temperature, wind speed, and humidity for future periods obtained from the data interface are all used as input variables for the model. By training and inferring from the aforementioned multi-dimensional, non-linear, and complex data using a deep network, the model can generate a dynamic and quantitative fire risk index. This algorithmic combination effectively overcomes the lag and false alarm rate of single-indicator early warnings, greatly improving the accuracy and foresight of risk prediction, enabling the system to predict potential fires up to 48 hours in advance, providing ample time for fire preparedness.

[0032] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the inlet of the variable frequency booster pump unit is connected to the water storage component via a valve, and the outlet of the variable frequency booster pump unit is connected to the dust suppression and fire-fighting component via a valve. By controlling the various valves and the variable frequency booster pump unit, the dust suppression and fire-fighting component is driven. The valves in the pipeline network and the variable frequency booster pump unit work together to form the central control actuator for the system's fire-fighting and dust suppression functions. When the control platform does not issue a fire alarm command, the relevant valves may be closed or in a flow-limited state, maintaining the system in a low-energy standby dust suppression mode. Once a fire alarm or fire-fighting command is received, the control platform will first open the valve between the water storage component and the variable frequency booster pump unit, allowing the water to be pressurized to enter the pump unit. Then, according to the preset fire risk level or alarm level, the motor speed of the variable frequency booster pump unit is dynamically adjusted, and the valve leading to the dust suppression and fire-fighting component is opened simultaneously. This precise valve and pump linkage control ensures that the fire water supply can be activated within milliseconds and delivered to the target area at the appropriate pressure, avoiding unnecessary energy loss and water hammer effect, and improving the response speed and reliability of the entire hydraulic drive system.

[0033] In one embodiment, the dust suppression and firefighting component includes a fire water supply network and a mist curtain sprinkler network. The fire water supply network is connected to fire hydrants or fire hoses via fire interfaces at its ends; the mist curtain sprinkler network is arranged around the stacks within the storage center. This architecture physically distinguishes and coordinates conventional fire extinguishing and active early warning and suppression functions. The fire water supply network, as the main fire pipeline, extends to each fire compartment of the storage center. Through standard fire interfaces, it can directly connect to fire hydrants or fire hoses for powerful firefighting operations by professional firefighters, meeting the needs of manual intervention. The mist curtain sprinkler network, as an active defense layer, has a specifically designed installation layout, densely laid out around the perimeter of the raw material stacks. When the control platform's warning level reaches a high risk level but no open flame has yet formed, the system prioritizes activating the mist curtain sprinkler network, forming an isolation barrier composed of fine water mist around the stacks. This fog curtain not only provides uniform pre-humidification and cooling to the surface of the stack, directly offsetting the heat accumulated inside, but also effectively blocks the replenishment of external oxygen, thus nipping the fire in the bud in its early stages.

[0034] In one embodiment, the rainwater pretreatment component includes a diversion device, an algae reaction zone, and a microbial membrane filter layer connected in sequence. This is a multi-stage, series-connected water purification system. The diversion device, as the first stage, is responsible for intercepting the initial runoff from the beginning of rainfall. This initial rainwater contains a large amount of dissolved dust and pollutants from rooftops, making it the primary source of pollution. Diverting this runoff significantly reduces the load on subsequent treatment units. The relatively clean rainwater after diversion enters the second-stage algae reaction zone. In this zone, specific algae attached to or suspended in the water absorb and remove dissolved nitrogen, phosphorus, and some heavy metal ions through their biological metabolic processes, and release oxygen, thus initially improving water quality. Finally, the water flows into the third-stage microbial membrane filter layer. This filter layer provides an attachment carrier for a large number of functional microorganisms. These microorganisms form a complex biofilm system, which deeply degrades organic matter and toxins from the decay of agricultural waste in the rainwater through enzymatic hydrolysis and other processes, completing the deep purification of the water and ensuring that the effluent meets the sanitary standards for long-term storage and reuse.

[0035] Example 2, based on Example 1, provides a rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system integrated into an agricultural waste collection and storage center, such as... Figure 2As shown, the rainwater harvesting component is a leaf vein-inspired bionic water collection unit. The unit includes at least one main vein guide channel and multiple branch vein guide channels. The main vein guide channel is arranged along the ridge to the eaves of the roof, with rainwater hoppers corresponding to its lower end. The branch vein guide channels are distributed on both sides of the main vein guide channel, with their heads connected to it. This leaf vein-inspired bionic water collection unit mimics the structural principle of plant leaves in nature, which efficiently collect and transport water through their main and lateral veins. In practice, the main vein guide channel forms the framework of the water collection system, extending from the ridge to the eaves along the roof slope, establishing the main channel for water flow. The multiple branch vein guide channels, like the lateral veins of a leaf, branch off symmetrically or asymmetrically from both sides of the main vein guide channel at certain angles, covering the entire roof area. During rainfall, raindrops falling on various parts of the roof are first intercepted by the nearest branch drainage channels and then quickly flow into the main drainage channel connected to it. The main drainage channel then directs the converged rainwater to the rainwater hoppers located at its lower end. This tiered drainage structure design avoids water overflow and stagnation on the wide roof surface, greatly shortening the distance and time rainwater travels on the ground, thereby improving water collection efficiency and effectively reducing the risk of leakage due to water accumulation.

[0036] Furthermore, removable impurity trapping nets are installed at intervals within the main vein guide channel; the inner surfaces of the main vein guide channel, branch vein guide channels, and rainwater hopper are all coated with a hydrophobic coating. The removable impurity trapping nets are arranged in the flow path of the main vein guide channel 11, forming multiple physical barriers to capture larger-diameter floating debris such as straw fragments and fallen leaves that migrate with the water flow, preventing them from entering the rainwater hopper and causing blockages. Simultaneously, a hydrophobic coating is sprayed onto the core flow-through inner surfaces of all guide channels and rainwater hoppers, significantly reducing the adhesion between water and solid surfaces. When rainwater contacts the coated surface, it quickly gathers into droplets and rolls off. This greatly accelerates the confluence speed within the guide channels, enhancing the drainage capacity during sudden downpours; furthermore, the dry hydrophobic surface makes it difficult for dust, debris, and other contaminants to adhere and form scale, achieving a self-cleaning effect and reducing the frequency of manual maintenance.

[0037] In one embodiment, the inner side of the rainwater inlet of the rainwater hopper is covered with micro-spiky structures to intercept impurities in the rainwater; the micro-spiky structures are inverted cone-shaped spikes. When water carrying fine fibers, grass seeds, fine sand, and other impurities passes through, the densely arranged micro-spiky structures block and filter them, allowing only water to pass through. Its inverted cone shape, with thicker bases and thinner tips, facilitates the use of fluid force to push temporarily trapped impurities forward or outward under the continuous scouring of the water flow, preventing impurities from becoming deeply embedded in the spikes and causing permanent blockages. This creates a self-cleaning effect, ensuring the long-term water intake efficiency of the rainwater hopper.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the water storage assembly includes a water storage tank, the surface of which is covered with floating plates. The edges of the floating plates contact the tank wall. The floating plates are nano-sized silica composite honeycomb floating plates with a porosity of ≤5%. The floating plates float on the water surface, their edges tightly adhering to the tank wall, forming an almost completely covered physical barrier layer. This significantly reduces the surface area of ​​the water in direct contact with the air, which is the core method for inhibiting water evaporation. Furthermore, environmentally friendly fatty acid ester-based anti-evaporation agents are added between the floating plates to form a monomolecular film that hinders the escape of water molecules, further reducing water evaporation.

[0039] In one embodiment, a photovoltaic (PV) shading panel is installed above the water storage tank, with an inclination angle of 10°-30°. The PV shading panel, erected above the water storage tank, forms a physical shading layer, blocking direct sunlight from hitting the water or floating surface. By setting the inclination angle of 10°-30°, the PV panel can achieve high annual power generation efficiency in most areas. This PV shading panel converts a large amount of solar energy that would otherwise heat the water and cause evaporation into electrical energy, providing clean auxiliary energy for devices such as sensors, controllers, or booster pumps in the system.

[0040] It should be noted that, in some optional embodiments, as a preferred option for the rainwater harvesting component, the leaf vein-style biomimetic water collection unit is a modular, assembled metal structure. Its main vein guide channel has an inverted trapezoidal cross-section, with an upper width ranging from 300-400mm, a lower width ranging from 200-250mm, and a depth ranging from 0-200mm. The branch vein guide channels have an inverted triangular cross-section, with an upper width of 0-200mm and a depth of 80-100mm, and their ends gradually narrow towards the rainwater hopper to create a flow-gathering effect. The hydrophobic coating sprayed on the surface of the rainwater hopper can specifically be a nano-silica / polytetrafluoroethylene composite superhydrophobic coating. The micro-thorn structure inside the rainwater hopper inlet has individual thorns approximately 5mm in length and a thorn spacing of approximately 2mm.

[0041] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the water storage tank of the water storage component is an underground modular semi-buried structure, and inside it, independent fire-fighting energy storage area, daily water use area and energy support area are set up through waterproof partitions. Each compartment is equipped with independent inlet, outlet and liquid level monitoring devices to achieve quality, pressure and zone management.

[0042] like Figure 5As shown, the system's operation process is as follows: 1. The system collects meteorological and warehousing data through the sensing module, completing data input and discrimination; then it performs rainfall discrimination and diversion control, executing diversion and rainwater collection commands. 2. The collected rainwater undergoes biomimetic water collection and pretreatment, completing purification before storage; then it manages the water level and quality of the separate storage tanks, dividing the operation mode according to the risk situation. 3. When the water level is normal, it enters the non-fire-fighting period mode, scheduling dust suppression and cleaning water, while utilizing photovoltaic power generation for energy; when the risk increases, it enters the fire warning period mode, conducting risk prediction, automatically replenishing the fire-fighting reserve water, and achieving pre-humidification and cooling through fog curtains; both modes maintain continuous monitoring. 4. If a fire is triggered, the system starts pressurized water supply and coordinated spraying operations, while coordinating with external rescue to carry out fire-fighting work. 5. After the fire ends, it performs post-disaster system reset and resilience assessment; for extreme conditions such as drought and earthquakes, it completes drought water replenishment, fault switching, and earthquake resilience protection, achieving stable and long-term system operation.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system integrated into an agricultural waste collection and storage center, characterized in that, It includes a rainwater harvesting component, a rainwater pretreatment component, and a water storage component connected in sequence. The water storage component is connected to the dust suppression and fire fighting component through a variable frequency booster pump set. The rainwater pretreatment component, the variable frequency booster pump set, and the dust suppression and fire fighting component are all connected to the control module. The control module includes a sensing module and a control platform. The sensing module includes a temperature and humidity sensor installed inside the collection and storage center, a data interface for acquiring regional weather forecast data, and pressure sensors distributed inside the stack. The control platform has a built-in risk model, which is used to predict fire risks based on data collected by the sensing module, and to issue instructions to the variable frequency booster pump set and dust suppression fire-fighting components when the risk value reaches the preset threshold.

2. The rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The risk model is constructed based on the storage status and meteorological data input from the sensing module, using an improved convolutional neural network and long short-term memory network algorithm.

3. The rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet of the variable frequency booster pump set is connected to the water storage component through a valve, and the outlet of the variable frequency booster pump set is connected to the dust suppression and fire-fighting component through a valve. By controlling each valve and the variable frequency booster pump set, the dust suppression and fire-fighting component is driven.

4. The rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The dust suppression and fire-fighting components include a fire water supply network and a mist curtain sprinkler network. The fire water supply network is connected to fire hydrants or water guns at the end via fire interfaces. The mist curtain sprinkler network is arranged around the stacks within the storage center.

5. The rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rainwater pretreatment component includes a diversion device, an algae reaction zone, and a microbial membrane filter layer connected in sequence.

6. The rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The rainwater harvesting component is a leaf vein-style biomimetic water collection unit. The rainwater harvesting unit includes at least one main vein guide channel and multiple branch vein guide channels. The main vein guide channel is arranged along the ridge to the eaves of the roof of the collection center. A rainwater hopper is correspondingly installed at the lower end of the main vein guide channel. The branch vein guide channels are distributed on both sides of the main vein guide channel, and the head end of the branch vein guide channel is connected to the main vein guide channel.

7. The rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main vein guide channel is equipped with a detachable impurity interception screen at intervals; the inner surfaces of the main vein guide channel, branch vein guide channels and rainwater hopper are all coated with a hydrophobic coating.

8. The rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner side of the rainwater inlet of the rainwater hopper is covered with micro-spiky structures to intercept impurities in the rainwater; the micro-spiky structures are inverted cone-shaped spikes.

9. The rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, The water storage component includes a water storage tank, the surface of which is covered with a floating plate, the edge of which contacts the tank wall; the floating plate is a nano-sized silica composite honeycomb floating plate with a porosity of ≤5%.

10. The rainwater harvesting and fire-fighting reuse system according to claim 9, characterized in that, A photovoltaic shading panel is installed above the water storage tank, with an inclination angle of 10°-30°.

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