Vacuum single-effect concentrator for the preparation of oral solutions and preparation process

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of medicine preparation, and discloses a vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquid and a preparation process. The vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquid comprises an evaporation tank, an upper portion of the evaporation tank is axially provided with a rotating pipe, two support frames are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating pipe, the opposite sides of the two support frames are fixedly connected with defoaming nets, the lower end of the rotating pipe is fixedly connected with a connecting barrel, the side wall of the connecting barrel is annularly and equidistantly fixedly connected with a plurality of triangular pipes one, and a plurality of turbulence holes one are linearly and equidistantly arranged on the two symmetrical inclined surfaces of the triangular pipes one. The air guide blades guide part of the steam into the rotating pipe, and the steam is obliquely sprayed through the triangular pipes one, so that the steam flow speed is reduced, the steam flow direction is changed, the liquid drop separation is promoted, the contact probability of the obliquely moving steam with the defoaming nets is greatly improved, the synergy of the rotating defoaming nets and the fixed defoaming nets is matched, the defoaming and liquid drop separation effects are remarkably improved, and the material liquid loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical preparation technology, and in particular to a vacuum single-effect concentrator and preparation process for oral liquid preparation. Background Technology

[0002] Oral liquids are a commonly used pharmaceutical dosage form, and the vacuum concentration process in their production is crucial for preserving heat-sensitive active ingredients. Existing vacuum single-effect concentrators utilize the principle of lowering the boiling point under vacuum to evaporate and concentrate the liquid at 45-60℃, and have become the mainstream equipment for oral liquid preparation.

[0003] During vacuum concentration, surface-active substances such as saponins and polysaccharides in the oral liquid, possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, significantly reduce the surface tension of the liquid under vacuum boiling conditions, making it difficult for the bubbles generated during boiling to break. These bubbles aggregate to form a stable and dense foam layer, which not only covers the surface of the liquid, hindering heat and mass transfer, but also easily detaches from the liquid surface under the entrainment of rising steam. Simultaneously, the lack of effective guidance for the rising steam path within the evaporation chamber easily leads to short-circuiting of the gas path, resulting in a high secondary steam flow rate and a concentrated path. This significantly shortens the contact time between the steam and the liquid, causing a large number of tiny droplets to enter the condensation system with the steam before gas-liquid separation can be completed in the evaporation chamber. The presence of foam further increases the amount of droplets entrained.

[0004] This phenomenon leads to the loss of core active ingredients such as saponins and polysaccharides in oral liquids, reducing the product's effective content and affecting its efficacy, stability, and clinical efficacy. Furthermore, entrained materials form deposits on the inner wall of the condenser, reducing condensation efficiency and increasing energy consumption. While existing demisters installed in the evaporator chamber can address these issues to some extent, there is a fundamental contradiction between their separation efficiency and anti-clogging capability: fine mesh results in high separation efficiency but is prone to clogging and difficult to clean; loose mesh offers strong anti-clogging but poor separation, leading to material loss. This inherent flaw makes it difficult to achieve both high-efficiency separation and stable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Given that existing technologies have the problem that the steam flow can easily carry foam and tiny droplets into the condensation system, thereby reducing the efficacy of the product and increasing the maintenance of the condensation system, a vacuum single-effect concentrator for oral liquid preparation is proposed.

[0006] Its purpose is to make the steam more likely to collide with the lower demister screen by interfering with the direction and speed of steam flow. At the same time, the upper and lower demister screens rotate and work together to effectively cut the foam, causing the liquid medicine entrained in the steam to drip off and avoid being carried into the condensation system.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is a vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquid, comprising an evaporating tank. A rotating tube is axially arranged in the upper part of the evaporating tank. Two support frames are sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating tube. A defoaming screen is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two support frames. The upper support frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating tube, and the lower support frame is installed on the inner wall of the evaporating tank and rotatably connected to the rotating tube. A wind guide hood is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating tube. A wind guide vane is rotatably connected inside the wind guide hood. A driving assembly is arranged above the wind guide hood, and the driving assembly drives the wind guide hood and the wind guide vane respectively. The fan blades rotate; the lower end of the rotating tube is fixedly connected to a connecting cylinder, and the side wall of the connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to multiple triangular tubes at equal intervals in a ring shape. Multiple turbulence holes are linearly and equally spaced on the two symmetrical inclined surfaces of each triangular tube; the driving assembly includes a duct pipe, one end of which is fixedly extended to the outside of the evaporator tank. Two U-shaped ducts are vertically arranged inside the duct pipe. A fan blade is arranged in the end of the U-shaped duct near the air guide shroud. The lower fan blade drives the air guide shroud to rotate, and the upper fan blade drives the air guide blade to rotate. The other end of the U-shaped duct is connected to an external air pressure pump device.

[0008] Furthermore, the diameter of the lower support frame is larger than that of the upper support frame, and a support ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the lower support frame, the support ring being fixedly installed on the inner wall of the evaporator.

[0009] Furthermore, the air guide shroud has a frustum-shaped structure, and the outer periphery of the large end of the air guide shroud is provided with multiple air inlets at equal intervals in a ring shape. The small end of the air guide shroud is connected and fixed to the upper end of the rotating tube.

[0010] Furthermore, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the lower fan blade, with the lower end of the rotating shaft extending movably through to the lower side of the air duct and being fixedly connected to the top of the air guide cover. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the upper fan blade, with the lower end of the rotating shaft extending movably through the rotating shaft and into the air guide cover. The air guide blade is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The upper ends of both the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the air duct.

[0011] Furthermore, the U-shaped air duct is symmetrically and fixedly connected to two air pipe connectors at one end outside the evaporator, one of which is connected to the output end of an external air pressure pump via an air supply pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the top surface of the triangular tube one is provided with multiple flushing holes one, and a triangular tube two is slidably arranged inside the triangular tube one. Multiple turbulence holes two are provided on the two symmetrical inclined surfaces of the triangular tube two. The turbulence holes two are arranged to overlap with the turbulence holes one. The top surface of the triangular tube two is provided with multiple flushing holes two, and the flushing holes two are arranged alternately with the flushing holes one. A drive ring is provided inside the connecting cylinder. A wave groove is provided on the drive ring. A drive rod is fixedly connected to one end of the triangular tube two near the connecting cylinder. The drive rod is slidably engaged with the wave groove. The lower end of the rotating shaft two extends into the connecting cylinder and is connected to the drive ring for transmission.

[0013] Furthermore, a scraper is rotatably connected to one end of the triangular tube near the inner wall of the evaporator. The two ends of the scraper are arc-shaped, and a connecting rod is hinged to the upper end of the scraper. The other end of the connecting rod extends through the triangular tube and is hinged to the triangular tube.

[0014] Furthermore, on the side of the scraper away from the inner wall of the evaporator, multiple diverter plates are fixedly connected in a linear and equidistant manner, and the diverter plates are provided with diverter concave surfaces, which are inclined.

[0015] Another objective of this invention is to provide a single-effect concentration preparation process for oral liquids, the purpose of which is to dynamically interfere with the steam flow rate and direction to improve the efficiency of the demister net in capturing foam.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a single-effect concentrated preparation process for an oral liquid, comprising the following steps: S1. The oral liquid extract enters the steam heater, and the vacuum system draws a vacuum inside the evaporator to reduce the pressure inside the evaporator to the set value and maintain the concentration temperature at 45 to 60°C. S2. Turn on the heating system, jacket the liquid medicine, and the steam generated by the low-temperature boiling enters the evaporator for gas-liquid separation. The separated secondary steam flows upward. S3. The drive assembly drives the upper demister and triangular tube to rotate. The guide vane guides some steam to be continuously ejected through the turbulence hole, slowing down the steam flow rate and changing the steam flow direction. The rotating demister works in conjunction with the stationary demister to dynamically eliminate foam. S4. The separated secondary steam enters the condenser for condensation and is then discharged. Once the concentration of the liquid reaches the standard, the heating and vacuum systems are turned off, the vacuum is slowly broken, and the concentrate is pumped into the subsequent process storage tank through the discharge port to complete the concentration operation.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The guide vane directs some steam into the rotating pipe, which then sprays it out at an angle through the triangular tube. This reduces the rising steam velocity, changes the steam direction, and promotes droplet separation. The angled steam movement significantly increases the probability of contact with the demister screen. Combined with the synergistic effect of the rotating and fixed demister screens, this significantly improves the foam breaking and droplet separation effect, reduces material loss, ensures the purity of the oral liquid concentrate, and avoids contamination of the condensation system.

[0018] 2. The drive ring drives the second triangular tube to move intermittently back and forth, dynamically switching the on and off states of the first turbulence hole and the first flushing hole. When the first turbulence hole is closed and the first flushing hole is open, high-speed steam can flush the demister screen, effectively preventing the liquid from sticking to the wall and forming scale, realizing the self-cleaning of the equipment, extending the continuous operation time, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0019] 3. The second triangular tube drives the scraper to oscillate intermittently through the connecting rod. The scraper sticks to the inner wall of the evaporator to scrape off the attached liquid. With the help of the diversion plate and the diversion concave surface, the liquid is quickly guided and discharged, avoiding the accumulation of liquid, reducing the running resistance of the scraper, and improving the scraping effect and operating stability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquid according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the evaporator of the vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquids according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a vertically dissected schematic diagram of the support frame and demister mesh structure of the vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquid according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the anatomical structure of the drive component of the vacuum single-effect concentrator for oral liquid preparation according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the triangular tube one and triangular tube two of the vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquid of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive rod and drive ring structure of the vacuum single-effect concentrator for oral liquid preparation of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular tube and scraper structure of the vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquid according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper and flow divider structure of the vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquid according to the present invention.

[0021] In the picture: 1. Evaporator; 2. Rotating tube; 3. Support frame; 4. Demister screen; 5. Air guide hood; 6. Air guide vane; 7. Drive assembly; 71. Air duct; 72. U-shaped air duct; 73. Fan blade; 74. Rotating shaft one; 75. Rotating shaft two; 76. Air pipe connector; 8. Connecting cylinder; 9. Triangular tube one; 10. Turbine hole one; 11. Flushing hole one; 12. Triangular tube two; 13. Turbine hole two; 14. Flushing hole two; 15. Drive ring; 16. Wave groove; 17. Drive rod; 18. Scraper; 19. Connecting rod; 20. Diverter plate; 21. Diverter concave surface. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1, referring to Figures 1-5 This invention provides a vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquids, comprising an evaporator 1. A rotating tube 2 is axially arranged in the upper part of the evaporator 1. Two support frames 3 are sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating tube 2. Defoaming screens 4 are fixedly connected to opposite sides of each support frame 3. The upper support frame 3 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating tube 2, and the lower support frame 3 is installed on the inner wall of the evaporator 1 and rotatably connected to the rotating tube 2. A wind guide hood 5 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating tube 2. A wind guide vane 6 is rotatably connected inside the wind guide hood 5. A driving assembly 7 is arranged above the wind guide hood 5, driving the wind guide hood 5 and the wind guide vane respectively. 6. Rotation; The lower end of the rotating tube 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting cylinder 8. The side wall of the connecting cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to multiple triangular tubes 9 at equal intervals in an annular shape. Multiple turbulence holes 10 are linearly and equally spaced on the two symmetrical inclined surfaces of the triangular tubes 9. The driving component 7 includes a duct pipe 71. One end of the duct pipe 71 is fixedly extended to the outside of the evaporator 1. Two U-shaped ducts 72 are vertically arranged inside the duct pipe 71. A fan blade 73 is arranged in the end of the U-shaped duct 72 near the air guide shroud 5. The lower fan blade 73 drives the air guide shroud 5 to rotate, and the upper fan blade 73 drives the air guide 6 to rotate. The other end of the U-shaped duct 72 is connected to an external air pressure pump device.

[0024] Specifically, an external air pressure pump introduces pressurized gas into the U-shaped air duct 72, driving the two sets of fan blades 73 to rotate. The lower fan blade 73 drives the air guide shroud 5, the rotating pipe 2, and the upper support frame 3 to rotate synchronously, causing the upper demister 4 to rotate around its axis. This creates a dynamic interaction with the demister 4 fixed on the lower support frame 3, continuously and efficiently breaking up the foam entrained in the rising steam flow in the evaporator 1, preventing foam overflow or entrained liquid from entering the condensation system. The upper fan blade 73 drives the air guide vane 6 to rotate, creating a directional flow effect within the air guide shroud 5, introducing some steam into the rotating pipe 2. After passing through the rotating pipe 2 and the connecting cylinder 8, the steam is evenly distributed into multiple triangular tubes 9 and obliquely ejected from the turbulence holes 10 arranged linearly on the two inclined surfaces of the triangular tubes 9. The ejected airflow can actively interfere with the original rising steam flow, reduce the rising steam velocity, and change the steam trajectory, making it change from vertical rising to oblique flow, which greatly prolongs the residence time of steam in the upper part of evaporator 1 and promotes the separation of liquid droplets entrained in the steam under inertial action.

[0025] The oblique movement of steam can significantly increase the contact area and contact probability with the upper and lower sets of demisters 4. Combined with the dynamically rotating demisters 4, it further enhances the effects of foam breaking, foam removal and droplet separation, effectively reduces material loss, improves evaporation and concentration efficiency and operational stability, and ensures the continuous, safe and efficient preparation of oral liquid.

[0026] Reference Figure 2 The diameter of the lower support frame 3 is larger than that of the upper support frame 3. A support ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the lower support frame 3, and the support ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the evaporator 1.

[0027] Specifically, the two sets of support frames 3 are arranged opposite each other, so that there is a small gap between the two demister screens 4, and this gap is smaller than the mesh spacing of the demister screens 4. When the foam entrained by the steam passes through the lower fixed demister screen 4, it enters the narrow gap between the two demister screens 4, and is then dynamically cut and broken by the upper rotating demister screen 4, thereby achieving efficient foam removal.

[0028] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 The air guide shroud 5 has a frustum-shaped structure. Multiple air inlets are evenly spaced in a ring around the outer periphery of the large end of the air guide shroud 5. The small end of the air guide shroud 5 is connected and fixed to the upper end of the rotating tube 2.

[0029] Specifically, the frustum-shaped flow guiding structure can gather and guide the steam. Combined with the rotating suction effect of the guide vane 6, the steam can enter the air guide shroud 5 more smoothly and evenly from the air inlet, and then be stably guided into the rotating pipe 2. This not only improves the steam guiding efficiency, but also reduces airflow disturbance and energy loss, ensuring the stable operation of subsequent turbulence and foam breaking work.

[0030] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 A rotating shaft 74 is fixedly connected to the lower fan blade 73. The lower end of the rotating shaft 74 extends through the lower side of the air duct 71 and is fixedly connected to the top of the air guide shroud 5. A rotating shaft 75 is fixedly connected to the upper fan blade 73. The lower end of the rotating shaft 75 extends through the rotating shaft 74 and into the air guide shroud 5. The air guide blade 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 75. The upper ends of the rotating shaft 74 and the rotating shaft 75 are rotatably connected to the air duct 71.

[0031] Specifically, rotating shaft 74 and rotating shaft 75 form a coaxial nested, independently rotating transmission structure. This allows for two sets of power to operate without interference and to output power coaxially: the lower fan blade 73 directly drives the air guide shroud 5, rotating pipe 2, and upper demister screen 4 to rotate as a whole via rotating shaft 74, completing dynamic demisting; the upper fan blade 73 independently drives the air guide blade 6 to rotate via rotating shaft 75, forming a stable suction and guiding effect within the air guide shroud 5, smoothly introducing steam into the rotating pipe 2. This ensures that the two functions of rotating demisting and airflow guiding operate simultaneously, while also simplifying the transmission structure.

[0032] Reference Figure 4 The U-shaped air duct 72 is located on the outside of the evaporator 1 and is symmetrically connected to two air pipe connectors 76. One of the air pipe connectors 76 is connected to the output end of the external air pressure pump through an air supply pipe.

[0033] Specifically, an external air pump stably inputs pressurized gas into the U-shaped air duct 72 through the air pipe connector 76, providing an independent and controllable driving air source for the two sets of fan blades 73, ensuring that the air guide shroud 5 and the air guide blades 6 can rotate at a stable speed, thereby providing continuous and reliable power for the device's rotating foam breaking, airflow turbulence and steam guiding functions.

[0034] Understandably, the gas flow rate within the two sets of U-shaped air ducts 72 can be dynamically adapted and independently adjusted according to the actual working conditions during the vacuum concentration process of the oral liquid. By controlling the output pressure and flow rate of the external air pump, the gas flow rate entering the two U-shaped air ducts 72 can be changed respectively, thereby independently adjusting the rotation speed of the lower fan blade 73 and the upper fan blade 73, achieving precise control of the rotation speed of the air guide shroud 5, the rotating pipe 2 and the upper demister 4, as well as the suction and guiding intensity of the air guide blade 6.

[0035] When the concentration of the concentrate increases, the amount of foam increases, or the amount of liquid droplets entrained by the steam increases, the airflow velocity in the U-shaped duct 72 can be appropriately increased to enhance the dynamic cutting strength and airflow turbulence effect of the demister 4. When there is less foam and the steam is relatively pure, the airflow velocity can be reduced to reduce energy consumption. This dynamic adjustment method enables the equipment to adapt to the changing operating conditions of different concentration stages, further improving the defoaming and droplet removal effects, and ensuring stable, efficient, and controllable operation of the oral liquid concentration process.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 Multiple flushing holes 11 are provided on the top surface of the triangular tube 9. A triangular tube 12 is slidably arranged inside the triangular tube 9. Multiple turbulence holes 13 are provided on the two symmetrical inclined surfaces of the triangular tube 12. The turbulence holes 13 overlap with the turbulence holes 10. Multiple flushing holes 14 are provided on the top surface of the triangular tube 12. The flushing holes 14 are staggered with the flushing holes 11. A drive ring 15 is provided inside the connecting cylinder 8. A wave groove 16 is provided on the drive ring 15. A drive rod 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the triangular tube 12 near the connecting cylinder 8. The drive rod 17 slides with the wave groove 16. The lower end of the rotating shaft 75 extends into the connecting cylinder 8 and is connected to the drive ring 15 for transmission.

[0037] Specifically, the drive rod 17 is fitted into the wave groove 16. The rotation of the drive ring 15 will push the drive rod 17 to slide back and forth along the axis of the triangular tube 9 through the undulating structure of the wave groove 16. In the initial state, the second turbulence hole 13 is completely overlapped with the corresponding first turbulence hole 10, ensuring that the steam can be smoothly ejected from the triangular tube 9, thereby interfering with the movement of the rising steam. When the drive rod 17 moves along the wave groove 16 and drives the second triangular tube 12 to move towards the connecting cylinder 8, the second triangular tube 12 completely blocks the first turbulence hole 10. At the same time, the second flushing hole 14 overlaps with the first flushing hole 11 to form a through flushing channel. The steam in the triangular tube 9 is ejected upward at high speed through the through flushing hole to flush the demister 4 above. This can effectively remove the foam residue and liquid crystals attached to the mesh of the demister 4, avoid the demister 4 from being blocked and causing a decrease in defoaming efficiency, and prevent the liquid residue from breeding bacteria or affecting the quality of the next batch of products.

[0038] This structure integrates turbulence and automatic rinsing functions, which not only enhances the foam breaking and droplet removal effect during the concentration process, but also achieves self-cleaning inside the equipment, extends the service life of the demister screen 4 and pipelines, reduces the frequency of manual cleaning, improves the continuity of equipment operation and the convenience of maintenance, and at the same time ensures the purity and safety of oral liquid products, further optimizing the stability and economy of the concentration process.

[0039] Among them, reference Figure 5 A planetary gear mechanism is connected between the lower end of the second rotating shaft 75 and the inner wall of the drive ring 15. The planetary gear mechanism is rotatably connected to the connecting cylinder 8, and power transmission and speed regulation are achieved through this planetary gear mechanism. The second rotating shaft 75 serves as the input power of the sun gear. After being reduced in speed and increased in torque by the planetary gears, it drives the drive ring 15 to rotate smoothly, making the reciprocating motion of the second triangular tube 12 smoother, with greater torque and more stable operation, thus avoiding the impact on the structure caused by excessive speed. It should be noted that the ends of triangular tube 9 and triangular tube 12 closest to the inner wall of evaporator 1 are both sealed to prevent steam or cleaning fluid from leaking from the ends. Meanwhile, the total open area of ​​all flushing holes 11 on triangular tube 9 is smaller than the total open area of ​​turbulence holes 10. When flushing holes 11 and 14 overlap and connect, the airflow cross-section decreases accordingly, thereby increasing the airflow velocity under the same intake volume, enhancing the disturbance intensity on the steam flow and the jet impact force during cleaning.

[0040] Example 2, refer to Figure 7 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: a scraper 18 is rotatably connected to one end of the triangular tube 9 near the inner wall of the evaporator 1. The two ends of the scraper 18 are arc-shaped. A connecting rod 19 is hinged to the upper end of the scraper 18. The other end of the connecting rod 19 moves through the triangular tube 9 and is hinged to the triangular tube 12.

[0041] Specifically, during the reciprocating sliding of the triangular tube 12 along with the drive ring 15, the connecting rod 19 synchronously drives the scraper 18 to reciprocate around the hinge point. That is, when the triangular tube 12 moves towards the connecting cylinder 8, the connecting rod 19 drives one end of the scraper 18 to fit against the inner wall of the evaporator 1. The arc shape of the end face of the scraper 18 matches the arc of the inner wall of the evaporator 1, thereby intermittently removing the liquid, foam and scale adhering to the tank wall, preventing local overheating, coking or contamination caused by material sticking to the wall. This ensures the cleanliness of the inner wall of the evaporator 1, improves heat exchange efficiency, and reduces the loss of oral liquid raw materials and hygiene hazards.

[0042] Reference Figure 8 On the side of the scraper 18 away from the inner wall of the evaporator 1, multiple diversion plates 20 are fixedly connected in a linear and equidistant manner. The diversion plates 20 are provided with diversion concave surfaces 21, which are inclined.

[0043] Specifically, the diversion plates 20 are vertically and evenly distributed. The liquid scraped off by the end of the scraper 18 that contacts the inner wall of the tank is quickly discharged downward through multiple diversion plates 20. The diversion concave surface 21 provides a smooth downward channel for the liquid, allowing the liquid to flow downward quickly along the concave surface and be discharged, avoiding the liquid from stagnating and accumulating on the surface of the scraper 18. At the same time, it can prevent the liquid from flowing back downward along the gap between the scraper 18 and the inner wall of the evaporator 1, effectively reducing the liquid resistance when the scraper 18 swings, preventing the liquid from adhering and forming scale on the scraper 18, making the scraper 18 operate more easily and scraping the wall more cleanly, further ensuring the cleanliness of the inner wall of the tank and the stable operation of the equipment.

[0044] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0045] Based on embodiments 1-2, the working principle of this invention is as follows: An external air pressure pump introduces gas into the U-shaped air duct 72 through the air pipe connector 76, driving two sets of fan blades 73 to rotate. The lower fan blade 73 drives the air guide shroud 5, rotating pipe 2, and upper support frame 3 to rotate via the first rotating shaft 74, so that the upper demister screen 4 and the lower demister screen 4 dynamically cooperate to break up the demister. The upper fan blade 73 drives the air guide vane 6 to rotate via the second rotating shaft 75, guiding steam into the rotating pipe 2, and then distributing it to the triangular tube 9 via the connecting cylinder 8. The steam is then ejected from the turbulence hole 10 to interfere with the steam flow, reducing the steam flow speed and affecting the steam flow direction, increasing the probability of steam hitting the demister screen 4, and improving the probability of foam elimination and droplet separation efficiency. The drive ring 15 and the drive rod 17 cooperate to drive the triangular tube 12 to reciprocate and extend, realizing the intermittent opening and closing of the turbulence hole 10 and the flushing hole 11. When the flushing hole 11 is open, it guides the steam to blow towards the demister screen 4, realizing the self-cleaning of the demister screen 4.

[0046] Example 3, referring to Figures 1-8 The fourth embodiment of the present invention provides: a single-effect concentrated preparation process for an oral liquid, comprising the following steps: S1. The oral liquid extract enters the steam heater, and the vacuum system draws a vacuum inside the evaporator 1, so that the pressure inside the evaporator 1 drops to the set value and maintains a concentration temperature of 45 to 60°C. S2. Turn on the heating system, jacket the liquid medicine, and the steam generated by the low-temperature boiling enters the evaporator 1 for gas-liquid separation. The separated secondary steam flows upward. S3, drive assembly 7 drives the upper demister 4 and triangular tube 9 to rotate, guide vane 6 guides part of the steam to be continuously sprayed out through turbulence hole 10, slows down the steam flow rate and changes the steam flow direction, and the rotating demister 4 and the stationary demister 4 work together to dynamically eliminate foam. S4. The separated secondary steam enters the condenser for condensation and is then discharged. Once the concentration of the liquid reaches the standard, the heating and vacuum systems are turned off, the vacuum is slowly broken, and the concentrate is pumped into the subsequent process storage tank through the discharge port to complete the concentration operation.

[0047] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum single-effect concentrator for preparing oral liquids, comprising an evaporator (1), characterized in that, A rotating tube (2) is axially arranged in the upper part of the evaporator (1). Two support frames (3) are sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating tube (2). A defoaming screen (4) is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two support frames (3). The upper support frame (3) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating tube (2). The lower support frame (3) is installed on the inner wall of the evaporator (1) and is rotatably connected to the rotating tube (2). A wind guide hood (5) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating tube (2). A wind guide vane (6) is rotatably connected inside the wind guide hood (5). A driving assembly (7) is arranged above the wind guide hood (5). The driving assembly (7) drives the wind guide hood (5) and the wind guide vane (6) to rotate respectively. The lower end of the rotating tube (2) is fixedly connected to a connecting cylinder (8). The side wall of the connecting cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to multiple triangular tubes (9) at equal intervals in an annular shape. Multiple turbulence holes (10) are linearly and equally spaced on the two symmetrical inclined surfaces of the triangular tubes (9). A scraper (18) is rotatably connected to one end of the triangular tube (9) near the inner wall of the evaporator (1). The two ends of the scraper (18) are arc-shaped. A connecting rod (19) is hinged to the upper end of the scraper (18). The other end of the connecting rod (19) moves through the triangular tube (9) and is hinged to the triangular tube (12). The drive assembly (7) includes a duct (71), one end of which is fixedly inserted through the outside of the evaporator (1). Two U-shaped ducts (72) are vertically arranged inside the duct (71). A fan blade (73) is installed at the end of each U-shaped duct (72) near the air guide shroud (5). The lower fan blade (73) drives the air guide shroud (5) to rotate, and the upper fan blade (73) drives the air guide vane (6) to rotate. The other end of the U-shaped duct (72) is connected to an external air pressure pump. A rotating shaft (74) is fixedly connected to the fan blade (73). The lower end of the rotating shaft (74) extends through the lower side of the air duct (71) and is fixedly connected to the top of the air guide cover (5). A rotating shaft (75) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the fan blade (73). The lower end of the rotating shaft (75) extends through the rotating shaft (74) and into the air guide cover (5). The air guide blade (6) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (75). The upper ends of the rotating shaft (74) and the rotating shaft (75) are rotatably connected to the air duct (71).

2. The vacuum single-effect concentrator for oral liquid preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the lower support frame (3) is larger than that of the upper support frame (3). A support ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the lower support frame (3), and the support ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the evaporator (1).

3. The vacuum single-effect concentrator for oral liquid preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air guide shroud (5) has a frustum-shaped structure. The outer periphery of the large end of the air guide shroud (5) is provided with multiple air inlets at equal intervals in a ring shape. The small end of the air guide shroud (5) is connected and fixed to the upper end of the rotating tube (2).

4. The vacuum single-effect concentrator for oral liquid preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The U-shaped air duct (72) is located on the outside of the evaporator (1) and is symmetrically connected to two gas pipe connectors (76). One of the gas pipe connectors (76) is connected to the output end of an external air pressure pump through a gas delivery pipe.

5. The vacuum single-effect concentrator for oral liquid preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the first triangular tube (9) is provided with multiple flushing holes (11). The second triangular tube (12) is slidably arranged inside the first triangular tube (9). Multiple turbulence holes (13) are provided on the two symmetrical inclined surfaces of the second triangular tube (12). The turbulence holes (13) overlap with the turbulence holes (10). The top surface of the second triangular tube (12) is provided with multiple flushing holes (14). The flushing holes (14) are staggered with the flushing holes (11). A drive ring (15) is provided inside the connecting cylinder (8). A wave groove (16) is provided on the drive ring (15). A drive rod (17) is fixedly connected to one end of the triangular tube (12) near the connecting cylinder (8). The drive rod (17) slides with the wave groove (16). The lower end of the rotating shaft (75) extends into the connecting cylinder (8) and is connected to the drive ring (15) for transmission.

6. The vacuum single-effect concentrator for oral liquid preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper (18) is fixedly connected with multiple diversion plates (20) at equal intervals on the side away from the inner wall of the evaporator (1). The diversion plate (20) has a diversion concave surface (21) and the diversion concave surface (21) is inclined.

7. A single-effect concentration preparation process for oral liquids, which is applied to the vacuum single-effect concentrator for oral liquid preparation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The oral liquid extract enters the steam heater, and the vacuum system draws a vacuum inside the evaporator (1) to reduce the pressure inside the evaporator (1) to the set value and maintain the concentration temperature of 45 to 60°C. S2. Turn on the heating system, jacket the heating liquid, and the steam generated by the low-temperature boiling enters the evaporator (1) for gas-liquid separation. The separated secondary steam flows upward. S3. The drive assembly (7) drives the upper demister (4) and triangular tube (9) to rotate. The guide vane (6) guides some steam to be continuously ejected through the turbulence hole (10), slowing down the steam flow rate and changing the steam flow direction. The rotating demister (4) and the stationary demister (4) work together to dynamically eliminate foam. S4. The separated secondary steam enters the condenser for condensation and is then discharged. Once the concentration of the liquid reaches the standard, the heating and vacuum systems are turned off, the vacuum is slowly broken, and the concentrate is pumped into the subsequent process storage tank through the discharge port to complete the concentration operation.

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