A giant multi-functional material support ship mud tank water filtration device and its usage method

Abstract

This invention discloses a filtration device for the mud tank of a giant multi-functional material support vessel and its usage method, belonging to the field of marine engineering technology. The filtration device for the mud tank of a giant multi-functional material support vessel includes a triangular water collection tank located on the lower side of the cargo hold, and further includes: a filtration unit located inside the cargo hold, comprising several stainless steel filter cylinders installed within the cargo hold and anti-clogging components to prevent clogging of the filter holes in the stainless steel filter cylinders; a pumping unit located outside the cargo hold; and a backwashing pipeline connected to the filtration unit. This invention fully utilizes the long-distance voyage of the vessel to complete the filtration operation, eliminating the need for additional dock loading and unloading time, effectively reducing the moisture content of the sand in the mud tank, solving the problem of ineffective transportation, increasing the effective sand carrying capacity, and reducing the transportation cost per ton of sand. Furthermore, the use of reverse flushing and modular filter pipe design reduces the filter hole clogging rate, achieving the goal of high efficiency, low consumption, and maintenance-free filtration during voyage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and in particular to a water filtration device for the mud tank of a giant multifunctional material support ship and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of offshore sand transportation, giant multi-functional material handling vessels adopt an operation mode of "hydraulic loading - long-distance transportation - hydraulic unloading". Currently, the industry generally adopts a solution of laying filter pipelines in the mud tank and using pumping equipment to drain the interstitial water in the sand and reduce the ineffective load during transportation. However, existing filter devices have a series of unresolved technical defects in practical applications, which seriously restrict transportation efficiency and economic benefits.

[0003] First, the intelligent start-up and dynamic anti-clogging capabilities of the filtration process are insufficient. Traditional filtration devices often begin operation immediately after loading into the tank, at which point the sediment particles have not yet completed natural settling and grading. A large amount of fine particles easily causes initial clogging at the filter pores, severely impacting subsequent filtration efficiency. Simultaneously, under static operation, the sediment around the filter tubes gradually forms a dense layer, obstructing water flow. Current technology primarily relies on backwashing after operation, which cannot guarantee continuous filtration efficiency during navigation. Second, the device has poor adaptability to complex navigation conditions. Ships inevitably experience rolling and pitching motions during navigation. Traditional rigid-connected filter tube systems cannot adapt to changes in hull attitude, posing a risk of structural stress concentration and damage. Finally, existing devices have limited functionality, low automation and integration. Filtration, anti-clogging, and unclogging processes are often independent, failing to form an organic linkage. For example, the anti-clogging function typically requires an additional power source and a complex electrical control system, increasing equipment complexity and failure rate. Meanwhile, the sand obtained from dredging and loading is often rich in organic matter and microbial communities, and has high value for biological resource utilization. If efficient separation and dehydration can be achieved, it will help in subsequent reuse in fields such as bioremediation and biofertilizer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to propose a giant multifunctional material support ship mud tank water filtration device and its usage method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A giant, multi-functional material support vessel mud tank filtration device includes a triangular water collection tank located on the lower side of the cargo hold, and further includes: A water filtration unit is installed in the cargo hold and includes several stainless steel water filter cylinders installed in the cargo hold as well as anti-clogging components to prevent the filter holes of the stainless steel water filter cylinders from becoming clogged. A drainage unit, located outside the cargo hold, is used to discharge water from the water collection tank through the side outlet. And a backwashing pipeline, which is connected to the water filtration unit and connected to the high-pressure flushing system through a valve, for connecting to the high-pressure water body to backwash the water filtration unit; The water filtration unit is also equipped with a sealed protective component on its outside to shield and protect the water filtration unit. When the amount of mud and sand loaded in the cargo hold reaches the specified value, the sealed protective component releases the sealing protection of the water filtration unit, and the water filtration unit filters and drains the mud and sand in the cargo hold.

[0006] Preferably, the water filtration unit further includes a first spherical shell rotatably disposed within the partition between the water collection tank and the cargo tank via a first pin, and a second spherical shell rotatably disposed within the first spherical shell via a second pin. The bottom of the stainless steel water filter cylinder is disposed within the second spherical shell. A torsion spring for driving the first spherical shell to return to its original rotation is disposed on the first pin, and a torsion spring for driving the second spherical shell to return to its original rotation is disposed on the second pin. The central axes of the first pin and the second pin are arranged perpendicularly.

[0007] Preferably, the sealed protective assembly includes a protective tube slidably disposed on the outside of the stainless steel filter cylinder, a float movably disposed on the top of the protective tube, a fixing block fixed on the inner wall of the protective tube, a spiral guide groove opened on the outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder and cooperating with the fixing block, a third elastic element disposed between the protective tube and the top of the stainless steel filter cylinder, and a positioning part for positioning the protective tube and the stainless steel filter cylinder. The protective tube and the stainless steel filter cylinder are provided with matching filter holes. When the positioning part positions the protective tube and the stainless steel filter cylinder, the filter holes of the protective tube and the stainless steel filter cylinder coincide.

[0008] Preferably, the stainless steel filter cylinder has filter holes of different diameters on its tube wall. The filter holes of different diameters form a large filter hole area, a medium filter hole area, and a small filter hole area arranged from bottom to top along the axial direction of the stainless steel filter cylinder. The bottom of the stainless steel filter cylinder is connected to a flexible connecting pipe via a swivel joint. The bottom of the flexible connecting pipe is connected to a drain pipe that is connected to the backwashing pipeline. Both the drain pipe and the backwashing pipeline are equipped with valves.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning part includes a T-shaped rod slidably disposed inside the protective tube and a first elastic element sleeved on the outside of the T-shaped rod and connected at both ends to the T-shaped rod and the outer wall of the protective tube respectively, and the stainless steel filter cylinder is provided with a concave hole that cooperates with the T-shaped rod.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-clogging component includes a slide rod slidably disposed on the top of the stainless steel filter cylinder, a counterweight ball fixed on the top of the slide rod, a second elastic element sleeved on the outside of the slide rod and connected at both ends to the inner wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder and the bottom end of the slide rod respectively, a connecting rod fixed on the outside of the slide rod, and a plurality of scraper rings and disturbance plates equidistantly disposed on the connecting rod, wherein the scraper rings slide on the outer wall of the protective tube.

[0011] Preferably, a sealing piston is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slide rod, and the sealing piston is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the stainless steel water filter cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a fixing rod that is rotatably connected to the second pin is fixed inside the first spherical shell, and a main bevel gear is fixed at the end of the fixing rod. A secondary bevel gear that meshes with the main bevel gear is fixed on the outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the stainless steel water filter cylinder is fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides with baffles, and a cleaning ball is movable inside the stainless steel water filter cylinder between the two baffles. The inner wall of the stainless steel water filter cylinder is fixed with a protrusion that cooperates with the cleaning ball, and a brush is provided on the outer side of the cleaning ball.

[0014] This invention also discloses a method for using a water filtration device in the mud tank of a giant multifunctional material support ship, comprising the following steps: S1: Sand is pumped into the cargo hold in the form of slurry via hydraulic loading. During the initial and subsequent loading process, the sealed protective components are in a protective state. The protective pipe covers the stainless steel filter cylinder under the action of the third elastic element. The filter holes of the two are staggered to prevent unsettled silt from entering the filter pipe and causing initial blockage. When the slurry loading reaches the specified value of the hold capacity, the silt in the hold completes natural settling and grading, with large particles at the bottom and fine particles at the top, and a relatively clear supernatant appears at the top. S2: The supernatant generates buoyancy on the float, which overcomes the elastic force of the third elastic element and pushes the protective tube to move upward along the stainless steel filter cylinder. During the upward movement, the fixed block fixed on the inner wall of the protective tube moves along the spiral guide groove opened on the outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder, forcing the protective tube to rotate while rising. When the protective tube rises to the predetermined position, the T-shaped rod inside it is sprung into the concave hole on the stainless steel filter cylinder under the action of the first elastic element, and the positioning is completed. At this time, the filter holes of the protective tube and the stainless steel filter cylinder are completely overlapped, and the filtration channel is officially opened. The gap water in the cargo hold enters the stainless steel filter cylinder through the overlapped filter holes under the action of gravity, and flows into the triangular water collection tank through the flexible connecting pipe and drain pipe at the bottom. S3: As the ship begins its voyage, the water level sensor in the water collection tank detects that the water level has reached the preset value and automatically starts the pumping unit to continuously discharge the collected water out of the ship from the side outlet. During the voyage, when the ship rolls or pitches due to wind and waves, the device enters the dynamic anti-blocking working state. Adaptive oscillation: The water filtration unit adapts to the hull oscillation through the universal joint structure of the first and second spherical shells, avoiding structural damage. At the same time, the oscillation itself disturbs the dense sand layer on the outside of the filter tube. Inertial unblocking: The inertial force generated by the hull swing causes the counterweight ball to drive the slide bar to compress the second elastic element and reciprocate, which in turn drives the scraper ring to scrape the outer wall of the protective pipe through the connecting rod, and the surrounding sand layer is disturbed by the disturbance plate. Piston pump effect: The sealed piston at the bottom of the slide rod reciprocates inside the stainless steel filter cylinder, generating pressure waves that create a suction effect on the filter holes, removing blockages from the holes. Gear rotation disturbance: When the second spherical shell rotates relative to the first spherical shell, the auxiliary bevel gear on the outside of the filter tube that revolves with the second spherical shell will mesh with the main bevel gear on the outside of the fixed rod, driving the stainless steel filter cylinder to rotate, which in turn causes the disturbance plate to further damage the surrounding sand layer. Internal ball impact cleaning: The cleaning ball inside the filter tube rolls with the hull swaying and the filter tube rotating, and impacts the inner wall under the guidance of the protrusion, while the external brush cleans the deposits on the inner wall. S4: One hour before the vessel arrives at its destination, shut down the pumping unit and stop filtration; After sand unloading, if filter holes are found to be clogged or regular maintenance is required, activate the backwash function: close the valve on the drain pipe, open the valve on the backwash pipeline, connect to the ship's high-pressure flushing system, and high-pressure water flows back into the filter pipe, passes through the filter holes, and flushes the blockage back into the cargo hold, where it is then discharged along with the cargo.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a giant multifunctional material support ship mud tank water filtration device and its usage method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the intelligent start-up and efficient filtration of the water filtration process are achieved through the coordinated operation of a float-driven sealed protective component and a gradient filter design. When the tank volume reaches 80% and the sediment has completed natural gradation, the buoyancy of the supernatant pushes the protective pipe upward and rotates. Finally, the T-shaped rod and concave hole position the protective pipe so that the filter holes of the stainless steel filter cylinder coincide, automatically starting the filtration. At the same time, the filter pipe's axial arrangement of large, medium, and small filter hole areas with a sparse bottom and dense top matches the distribution of coarse sand at the bottom and fine sand at the top in the mud tank and the water pressure, ensuring balanced and efficient filtration throughout the entire tank. Gravity filtration transforms long voyage times into continuous production time, effectively reducing the moisture content of sand in the mud hold, significantly increasing the effective sand load, and improving transportation economy. It solves the problem of traditional water filtration devices being inefficient and unable to complete effective dewatering within the ship's voyage cycle, resulting in a large amount of ineffective water occupying the sand loading space. In addition, after the device effectively separates and dewaters the mud and sand in the hold, the resulting mud and sand are rich in organic matter and microbial communities, which can be used as a substrate for bioremediation or a raw material for biofertilizer, and have good prospects for bio-industry applications.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the ship's swaying-driven stainless steel filter cylinder drives the slide rod to reciprocate through the inertia of the first and second spherical shells. This, in turn, drives the scraper ring to scrape the outer wall of the protective pipe via a connecting rod, and the disturbance plate breaks up the dense sand layer. Simultaneously, the sealed piston at the bottom of the slide rod generates a pumping pressure wave to clean the filter holes. When the filter tube sways, it rotates through the meshing of the secondary bevel gear and the main bevel gear, further enhancing the disturbance. The internal cleaning ball rolls and impacts the inner wall under the guidance of the protrusion. This multi-path coordinated purely mechanical action achieves fully automatic active anti-clogging throughout the entire process, extends the maintenance cycle, and solves the technical problems of traditional filter holes being easily clogged by fine sand, requiring frequent manual cleaning, and having high operation and maintenance costs.

[0017] 3. In this invention, a universal joint-type flexible connection structure is formed by the combination of the first spherical shell rotating around the first pin and the second spherical shell rotating around the second pin. This allows the entire water filtration unit to swing freely with the hull's roll and pitch, which not only completely releases structural stress and avoids fatigue damage at rigid connection points, but also transforms unfavorable ship motion into a beneficial anti-clogging power source, ensuring the device's high reliability and long service life under complex navigation conditions and guaranteeing stable operation of the device in harsh sea conditions.

[0018] 4. In this invention, by highly integrating functions such as filter start-up control, dynamic anti-clogging, adaptive swing, and reverse cleaning, the entire process, from automatic sensing and start-up at the beginning of filtration to the fully automatic and self-driven anti-clogging process during navigation, and then to reverse flushing that can be achieved by switching valves, requires no manual intervention and does not require an independent power system and complex electrical control for the anti-clogging function. This greatly reduces the workload of the crew and achieves true maintenance reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cargo hold of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water filtration unit and the partition of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the drain pipe of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the float of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the stainless steel water filter cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the top structure; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stainless steel water filter cylinder of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide groove of the present invention being formed on the outside of the stainless steel filter cylinder; Figure 12 This is a simplified structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Cargo hold; 2. Water collection tank; 3. Filtration unit; 301. Stainless steel filter cylinder; 3011. Large filter hole area; 3012. Medium filter hole area; 3013. Small filter hole area; 4. Pumping unit; 5. Backwashing pipeline; 6. Partition; 601. First pin; 602. First spherical shell; 603. Second pin; 604. Second spherical shell; 7. Protective pipe; 701. Float; 702. Fixing block; 703. Spiral guide 8. Groove; 9. T-shaped rod; 10. First elastic element; 11. Concave hole; 12. Slide rod; 13. Second elastic element; 14. Counterweight ball; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Scraper ring; 17. Disruptor plate; 18. Sealing piston; 19. Fixed rod; 10. Main bevel gear; 10. Secondary bevel gear; 11. Gear mesh; 12. Flexible connecting pipe; 13. Drain pipe; 14. Protrusion; 15. Third elastic element; 16. Unblocking ball. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment proposes a water filtration device for the mud tank of a giant multifunctional material support ship, including a triangular water collection tank 2 installed on the lower side of the cargo hold 1, and further including: The water filtration unit 3 is installed in the cargo hold 1 and includes several stainless steel water filter cylinders 301 installed in the cargo hold 1 and anti-clogging components for preventing the filter holes of the stainless steel water filter cylinders 301 from becoming clogged. The drainage unit 4 is located outside the cargo hold 1 and is used to discharge the water in the water collection tank 2 from the side outlet. And backwashing pipeline 5, which is connected to the water filter unit 3 and connected to the high-pressure flushing system through a valve, for connecting high-pressure water to backwash the water filter unit 3; Among them, the outside of the water filter unit 3 is also equipped with a sealed protective component to shield and protect the water filter unit 3. When the mud and sand loading in the cargo hold 1 reaches the specified value, the sealed protective component releases the sealed protection of the water filter unit 3, and the water filter unit 3 performs the work of filtering and draining the mud and sand in the cargo hold 1. Specifically, the mud and sand mixture is loaded into cargo hold 1. During this stage, the airtight protection components are operational, effectively shielding the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 of the filtration unit 3, preventing the newly loaded, unstable mud and sand from directly clogging the filter holes. When the mud and sand loading in cargo hold 1 reaches a specified value, such as 80% of the hold's capacity, the airtight protection components automatically release the shielding of the filtration unit 3. At this point, the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 of the filtration unit 3 is fully exposed to the sand, and the filtration channel officially opens. The interstitial water in the sand within cargo hold 1, under gravity, passes through the filter holes of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 into the pipe and flows into the triangular collection tank 2 below, relying on the pipe slope or pressure difference. Simultaneously, the anti-clogging components continue to operate to prevent or remove potential clogging of the filter holes. When the water volume in the collection tank 2 reaches a certain level, the control system activates the pumping unit 4 via an automatic control box (the automatic control box is existing technology and will not be elaborated upon here), discharging the collected water through... The wastewater continuously drains out of the ship via the side outlet, a process that can be carried out continuously during ship navigation. The pumping unit 4 can perform pumping operations through a water pump and pipeline. When the filtration efficiency decreases or during regular maintenance, the backwashing function can be activated, the normal drainage line can be closed, the valve of the backwashing pipeline 5 can be opened, and high-pressure water from the high-pressure flushing system can be introduced. The high-pressure water flows in the reverse direction through the backwashing pipeline 5 and enters the interior of the filter unit 3, passing through the filter holes from the inside out, flushing the blockages attached to the inside and outside of the filter holes back into the cargo hold 1, thereby restoring the filtration performance. By setting up a sealed protective component, the filter unit 3 is protected in the early stage of loading, avoiding direct impact and blockage of the filter holes by high-concentration, unsettled slurry, laying the foundation for subsequent efficient and stable filtration operations, and solving the problem of easy blockage in traditional equipment at the start of operation. The integrated anti-clogging component ensures continuous resistance to blockage during the long filtration process, forming a full-chain guarantee from initial protection to process anti-clogging, significantly improving the reliability and automation of the equipment.

[0025] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the water filtration unit 3 further includes a first spherical shell 602 rotatably disposed in the partition plate 6 between the water collection tank 2 and the cargo tank 1 via a first pin 601, and a second spherical shell 604 rotatably disposed in the first spherical shell 602 via a second pin 603. The bottom of the stainless steel water filter cylinder 301 is disposed in the second spherical shell 604. A torsion spring for driving the first spherical shell 602 to reset rotation is provided on the first pin 601, and a torsion spring for driving the second spherical shell 604 to reset rotation is provided on the second pin 603. The central axes of the first pin 601 and the second pin 603 are arranged perpendicularly. Specifically, when the ship does not roll or trim significantly, the first spherical shell 602 and the second spherical shell 604 remain in their designed initial neutral position under the preload of their respective torsion springs. At this time, the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 is approximately vertical. When the ship rolls: the hull tilts laterally, causing the bulkhead 6 to tilt as well. Due to inertia, the stainless steel filter tube 301 tends to remain vertical. This tendency manifests as a torque generated at the bottom of the filter tube on the first spherical shell 602, forcing the first spherical shell 602 to rotate around the first pin 601, thereby compensating for the hull's lateral tilt and reducing the deflection angle of the filter tube relative to the horizontal plane. When the rolling ends, the torsion spring on the first pin 601 drives the first spherical shell 602 to rotate back to the neutral position. When the ship pitches: the longitudinal pitch of the hull will also generate an inertial moment. This moment mainly acts on the second spherical shell 604, forcing the second spherical shell 604 to rotate around the second pin 603 to compensate for the longitudinal tilt of the hull. When the pitching ends, the torsion spring on the second pin 603 drives the second spherical shell 604 to rotate back to the neutral position. In compound motion: When the ship rolls and pitches simultaneously, the first spherical shell 602 and the second spherical shell 604 will rotate around their respective pins according to the force conditions. The vector synthesis of their motions enables the filter tube to adapt to the complex combined motion attitude of the ship. The filter tubes can oscillate adaptively when the ship is rocking, rather than forcibly resisting the deformation of the hull. This fundamentally avoids fatigue damage to the filter tubes, connectors, or hull structure caused by stress concentration, and greatly improves the durability and safety of the device in harsh sea conditions.

[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the sealed protective assembly further includes a protective tube 7 slidably disposed on the outside of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301, a float 701 movably disposed on the top of the protective tube 7, a fixing block 702 fixed on the inner wall of the protective tube 7, a spiral guide groove 703 formed on the outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 and cooperating with the fixing block 702, a third elastic element 18 disposed between the protective tube 7 and the top of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301, and a positioning part for positioning the protective tube 7 and the stainless steel filter cylinder 301; the top of the protective tube 7 is provided with a rotating ring connected to the third elastic element 18 to prevent the elastic element from twisting when the protective tube 7 rotates. The protective tube 7 and the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 are provided with matching filter holes. When the positioning part positions the protective tube 7 and the stainless steel filter cylinder 301, the filter holes of the protective tube 7 and the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 overlap. Specifically, when cargo hold 1 begins loading sludge and sand, the liquid level inside the hold is low. At this time, the elastic force of the third elastic element 18 causes the protective pipe 7 to slide downwards. The filter holes of the protective pipe 7 are offset from the filter holes of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301, forming an effective physical barrier to prevent high-concentration sludge and sand from directly impacting and clogging the filter holes. As loading proceeds, when the sludge and sand loading reaches the specified value, the sludge and sand in the hold settles, and a clearer upper layer of liquid appears. The upper layer of liquid generates sufficient buoyancy on the float 701. When the buoyancy overcomes the elastic force of the third elastic element 18 and the frictional force, it pushes the protective pipe 7 to slide upwards along the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. During operation, the fixing block 702, which is fixed to the inner wall of the protective tube 7, moves along the spiral guide groove 703 opened on the outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. The spiral trajectory of the guide groove forces the protective tube 7 to rotate while moving upward in a straight line. The positioning part is activated to lock the relative position of the protective tube 7 and the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. In this locked position, the filter holes on the protective tube 7 and the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 are completely overlapped, the filtration channel is officially opened, and the device begins to perform filtration. The entire operation process is completed by a purely mechanical structure, without the need for sensors, circuits or external power, making it suitable for the harsh working environment of ships.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 further has filter holes of different diameters on its tube wall. The filter holes of different diameters form a large filter hole area 3011, a medium filter hole area 3012 and a small filter hole area 3013 arranged from bottom to top along the axial direction of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. The bottom of the stainless steel filter cartridge 301 is connected to a flexible connector 16 via a rotating joint. The bottom of the flexible connector 16 is connected to a drain pipe 161 that is connected to the backwashing pipeline 5. Valves are installed on both the drain pipe 161 and the backwashing pipeline 5. Specifically, under the influence of gravity, the water in cargo hold 1 enters the filter tube from the outside through the filter holes on the tube wall. During this process, the axial gradient filter holes play a crucial role: the area at the bottom of the mud tank, where the pressure is greatest and the sand particle size may be coarser, is filtered by the large filter hole area 3011 to ensure throughput and prevent rapid clogging; the middle section is transitioned by the medium filter hole area 3012; and the upper section uses the small filter hole area 3013 for fine filtration of even finer particles. The filtered water collects downwards inside the filter tube and flows through the rotating joint and flexible connecting pipe 16 at the bottom. The water is then discharged through drain pipe 161. In this mode, the valve of backwash pipe 5 is closed. When the filter tube needs to be cleaned, first close the valve on drain pipe 161 to cut off the normal drainage path. Then, open the valve on backwash pipe 5 and connect the high-pressure water source. The high-pressure water flows through backwash pipe 5, drain pipe 161, flexible connector 16 and rotating joint in sequence, and is flushed into the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 from bottom to top. The high-pressure water passes through the filter holes from the inside to the outside, flushing the mud and sand particles blocked inside and outside the holes back into the cargo hold 1, thereby completing the cleaning.

[0028] like Figure 9 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the positioning part further includes a T-shaped rod 8 slidably disposed inside the protective tube 7 and a first elastic element 801 sleeved on the outside of the T-shaped rod 8 and connected at both ends to the T-shaped rod 8 and the outer wall of the protective tube 7 respectively. The stainless steel filter cylinder 301 is provided with a concave hole 9 that cooperates with the T-shaped rod 8. Specifically, driven by buoyancy, the protective tube 7 moves upward and rotates along the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. During this process, the T-shaped rod 8 moves together with the protective tube 7. Since the end of the T-shaped rod 8 is not aligned with the concave hole 9, the end of the T-shaped rod 8 will press against the smooth outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. At this time, the first elastic element 801 is in a compressed energy storage state. When the protective tube 7 moves to the preset filtration working position, the T-shaped rod 8 is completely aligned with the concave hole 9 on the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. The first elastic element 801 pushes the T-shaped rod 8 to insert into the concave hole 9. The relative position between the protective tube 7 and the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 is firmly locked and can no longer move relative to each other. This prevents the protective tube 7 and the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 from accidentally sliding or rotating relative to each other during operation, thereby ensuring that the filter holes of the two are always in a state of precise overlap and the filtration channel remains unobstructed.

[0029] like Figures 1-11As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the anti-clogging component further includes a slide rod 10 slidably disposed on the top of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301, a counterweight ball 11 fixedly disposed on the top of the slide rod 10, a second elastic element 1001 sleeved on the outside of the slide rod 10 and connected at both ends to the inner wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 and the bottom end of the slide rod 10 respectively, a connecting rod 12 fixedly disposed on the outside of the slide rod 10, and a plurality of scraper rings 121 and disturbance plates 122 equidistantly disposed on the connecting rod 12. The scraper rings 121 slide on the outer wall of the protective tube 7; the scraper rings 121 and the protective tube 7 can rotate relative to each other. Furthermore, a sealing piston 13 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slide rod 10, and the sealing piston 13 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the stainless steel water filter cylinder 301. Furthermore, a fixing rod 14 is fixed inside the first spherical shell 602 and rotatably connected to the second pin 603. A main bevel gear 141 is fixed at the end of the fixing rod 14, and a secondary bevel gear 142 that meshes with the main bevel gear 141 is fixed on the outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. Furthermore, baffles 15 are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. A cleaning ball 19 is movable inside the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 and between the two baffles 15. A protrusion 17 that cooperates with the cleaning ball 19 is fixed on the inner wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. A brush is provided on the outer side of the cleaning ball 19. Specifically, when the ship rocks due to wind and waves, the counterweight ball 11 tends to maintain its original state of motion due to inertia. This drives the slide bar 10 to overcome the elastic force of the second elastic element 1001 and slide relative to the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. The sliding of the slide bar 10 drives the scraper ring 121 and the disturbance plate 122 to move together through the connecting rod 12. When the rocking stops, the slide bar 10 returns to its original position under the restoring force of the second elastic element 1001, thus forming a reciprocating motion, transferring the kinetic energy of the ship's rocking through the counterweight ball 11. The inertia of slide bar 10 is converted into the reciprocating mechanical motion of slide bar 10, which can drive scraper ring 121 to scrape the outer wall of protective tube 7 without external power, preventing the filter holes from being blocked by external mud and sand. The reciprocating motion of disturbance plate 122 can continuously stir and destroy the dense mud and sand layer formed around the filter tube, effectively improving the water flow channel and maintaining filtration efficiency. When slide bar 10 reciprocates under the action of inertial force, it will synchronously drive the sealing piston 13 to perform piston-like motion in the internal cavity of stainless steel filter cylinder 301. The reciprocating motion of the piston will be in its position Periodic pressure fluctuations are generated within the filter tube cavity. These pressure waves are transmitted to each filter pore in the form of sound waves or vibrations, creating a pumping effect on the pore openings. This effectively loosens and removes fine particles stuck in the filter pores. When the ship rolls, causing the second spherical shell 604 to rotate around the second pin 603, the fixed rod 14 and the main bevel gear 141 are relatively fixed in space, while the secondary bevel gear 142 revolves with the filter tube. This forces the secondary bevel gear 142 to mesh with the main bevel gear 141, thereby dislodging and removing fine particles stuck within the filter tube. The oscillation is transformed into a rotational motion around its own axis, changing the motion trajectory of the disturbance plate 122 from a simple reciprocating motion to a compound rotational motion, which greatly enhances the stirring and destruction effect on the surrounding mud and sand layer; and when the filter tube oscillates due to the swaying of the ship, the cleaning ball 19 rolls freely in the closed cavity. During the rolling process, the cleaning ball 19 will hit the protrusion 17 or other parts on the inner wall of the filter tube, and the brush on its outer surface will also brush the inner wall of the filter tube, effectively shaking off or scraping off the adhering substances attached to the inner wall of the filter tube and the inner side of the filter holes.

[0030] In addition, the sediment processed by this device is usually rich in organic matter and microbial communities. After separation and dehydration by this device, the resulting sediment can be used as a substrate for bioremediation or as a raw material for biofertilizer, and can be applied in bio-industry fields such as saline-alkali land improvement and water ecological restoration.

[0031] This invention also discloses a method for using a water filtration device in the mud tank of a giant multifunctional material support ship, comprising the following steps: S1: Sand is pumped into cargo hold 1 in the form of slurry via hydraulic loading. During the initial loading and process, the sealed protective components are in a protective state. The protective pipe 7 covers the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 under the action of the third elastic element 18. The filter holes of the two are staggered to prevent unsettled mud and sand from entering the filter pipe and causing initial blockage. When the slurry loading reaches the specified value of the hold capacity, the mud and sand in the hold complete the natural settling and classification. Large particles are at the bottom and fine particles are at the top, and a relatively clear supernatant appears at the top. S2: The supernatant generates buoyancy on the float 701. The buoyancy overcomes the elastic force of the third elastic element 18 and pushes the protective tube 7 to move upward along the stainless steel filter cylinder 301. During the upward movement, the fixing block 702 fixed on the inner wall of the protective tube 7 moves along the spiral guide groove 703 opened on the outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301, forcing the protective tube 7 to rotate while rising. When the protective tube 7 rises to the predetermined position, the T-shaped rod 8 inside it is sprung into the concave hole 9 on the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 under the action of the first elastic element 801, and the positioning is completed. At this time, the protective tube 7 and the filter hole of the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 are completely overlapped, and the filtration channel is officially opened. The gap water in the cargo hold 1 enters the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 through the overlapped filter hole under the action of gravity, and flows into the triangular water collection tank 2 through the flexible pipe 16 and the drain pipe 161 at the bottom. S3: As the ship begins its voyage, the water level sensor in the water collection tank 2 detects that the water level has reached the preset value and automatically starts the pumping unit 4 to continuously discharge the collected water from the side outlet outside the ship. During the voyage, when the ship rolls or pitches due to wind and waves, the device enters the dynamic anti-blocking working state. Adaptive oscillation: The water filter unit 3 adapts to the hull oscillation through the universal joint structure of the first spherical shell 602 and the second spherical shell 604, avoiding structural damage. At the same time, the oscillation itself disturbs the dense sand layer on the outside of the filter tube. Inertial unblocking: The inertial force generated by the hull swing causes the counterweight ball 11 to drive the slide bar 10 to compress the second elastic element 1001 and reciprocate, which in turn drives the scraper ring 121 to scrape the outer wall of the protective pipe 7 through the connecting rod 12, and the surrounding sand layer is disturbed by the disturbance plate 122. Piston pump effect: The sealed piston 13 at the bottom of the slide rod 10 reciprocates within the stainless steel filter cylinder 301, generating pressure waves that create a suction effect on the filter holes, thus removing blockages from the holes. Gear rotation disturbance: When the second spherical shell 604 rotates relative to the first spherical shell 602, the auxiliary bevel gear 142 on the outer side of the filter tube that revolves with the second spherical shell 604 will mesh with the main bevel gear 141 on the outer side of the fixed rod 14, driving the stainless steel filter cylinder 301 to rotate, which in turn causes the disturbance plate 122 to further damage the surrounding sand layer. Internal ball impact cleaning: The cleaning ball 19 inside the filter tube rolls with the hull swaying and the filter tube rotating, and impacts the inner wall under the guidance of the protrusion 17, while its external brush cleans the deposits on the inner wall. S4: One hour before the vessel arrives at its destination, shut down pumping unit 4 and stop water filtration; After sand unloading, if filter hole blockage is found or regular maintenance is required, activate the backwash function: close the valve on drain pipe 161, open the valve on backwash pipe 5, connect to the ship's high-pressure flushing system, and high-pressure water flows back into the filter pipe, passes through the filter hole, and flushes the blockage back to cargo hold 1, and then is discharged along with the materials in the hold.

[0032] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water filtration device for the mud compartment of a giant multi-functional material support ship, comprising a triangular water collection tank (2) disposed on the lower side of the cargo hold (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The water filtration unit (3) is installed in the cargo hold (1) and includes a number of stainless steel water filter cylinders (301) installed in the cargo hold (1) and an anti-clogging component for preventing the filter holes of the stainless steel water filter cylinders (301) from being blocked. The extraction and drainage unit (4) is located outside the cargo hold (1) and is used to discharge the water in the water collection tank (2) from the side outlet. And a backwashing pipeline (5), which is connected to the water filter unit (3) and connected to the high-pressure flushing system through a valve, for connecting to the high-pressure water body to backwash the water filter unit (3). The water filter unit (3) is also provided with a sealed protective component on the outside, which is used to shield and protect the water filter unit (3). When the mud and sand loading in the cargo hold (1) reaches the specified value, the sealed protective component releases the sealed protection of the water filter unit (3), and the water filter unit (3) performs filtration and drainage work on the mud and sand in the cargo hold (1).

2. The water filtration device for the mud tank of a giant multifunctional material support ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water filtration unit (3) further includes a first spherical shell (602) rotatably disposed in the partition plate (6) between the water collection tank (2) and the cargo tank (1) via a first pin (601) and a second spherical shell (604) rotatably disposed in the first spherical shell (602) via a second pin (603). The bottom of the stainless steel water filter cylinder (301) is disposed in the second spherical shell (604). A torsion spring for driving the first spherical shell (602) to reset rotation is provided on the first pin (601), and a torsion spring for driving the second spherical shell (604) to reset rotation is provided on the second pin (603). The central axes of the first pin (601) and the second pin (603) are arranged perpendicularly.

3. The water filtration device for the mud tank of a giant multifunctional material support ship according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealed protective assembly includes a protective tube (7) slidably disposed on the outside of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301), a float (701) movably disposed on the top of the protective tube (7), a fixing block (702) fixed on the inner wall of the protective tube (7), a spiral guide groove (703) opened on the outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) and cooperating with the fixing block (702), a third elastic element (18) disposed between the protective tube (7) and the top of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301), and a positioning part for positioning the protective tube (7) and the stainless steel filter cylinder (301). The protective tube (7) and the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) are provided with matching filter holes. When the positioning part positions the protective tube (7) and the stainless steel filter cylinder (301), the filter holes of the protective tube (7) and the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) overlap.

4. A giant multifunctional material support ship mud tank filtration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stainless steel filter cylinder (301) has filter holes of different diameters on its tube wall. The filter holes of different diameters form a large filter hole area (3011), a medium filter hole area (3012) and a small filter hole area (3013) arranged from bottom to top along the axial direction of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301). The bottom of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) is connected to a flexible connector (16) via a rotating joint. The bottom of the flexible connector (16) is connected to a drain pipe (161) that is connected to the backwashing pipeline (5). Both the drain pipe (161) and the backwashing pipeline (5) are equipped with valves.

5. A giant multi-functional material support ship mud tank filtration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning part includes a T-shaped rod (8) that is slidably disposed inside the protective tube (7) and a first elastic element (801) sleeved on the outside of the T-shaped rod (8) and connected at both ends to the outer wall of the T-shaped rod (8) and the protective tube (7) respectively. The stainless steel filter cylinder (301) is provided with a concave hole (9) that cooperates with the T-shaped rod (8).

6. A giant multi-functional material support ship mud tank water filtration device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anti-clogging component includes a slide rod (10) slidably disposed on the top of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301), a counterweight ball (11) fixed on the top of the slide rod (10), a second elastic element (1001) sleeved on the outside of the slide rod (10) and connected at both ends to the inner wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) and the bottom end of the slide rod (10) respectively, a connecting rod (12) fixed on the outside of the slide rod (10), and a plurality of scraper rings (121) and disturbance plates (122) equidistantly disposed on the connecting rod (12). The scraper rings (121) slide on the outer wall of the protective tube (7).

7. A giant multi-functional material support ship mud tank filtration device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sealing piston (13) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slide rod (10), and the sealing piston (13) is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301).

8. A giant multifunctional material support ship mud tank water filtration device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first spherical shell (602) is fixedly provided with a fixed rod (14) that is rotatably connected to the second pin (603). The end of the fixed rod (14) is fixedly provided with a main bevel gear (141). The outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) is fixedly provided with a secondary bevel gear (142) that meshes with the main bevel gear (141).

9. A giant multi-functional material support ship mud tank water filtration device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The stainless steel filter cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides with baffles (15). Inside the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) and between the two baffles (15), there is a cleaning ball (19) that moves. The inner wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) is fixed with a protrusion (17) that cooperates with the cleaning ball (19). A brush is provided on the outer side of the cleaning ball (19).

10. A method of using the filtration device for the mud tank of a giant multifunctional material support ship according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Sand is pumped into the cargo hold (1) in the form of slurry by hydraulic loading. During the initial loading and process, the sealed protective components are in a protective state. The protective pipe (7) covers the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) under the action of the third elastic element (18). The filter holes of the two are staggered to prevent the unsettled mud and sand from entering the filter pipe and causing initial blockage. When the slurry loading reaches the specified value of the hold capacity, the mud and sand in the hold complete the natural sedimentation and classification. Large particles are at the bottom and fine particles are at the top, and a relatively clear supernatant appears at the top. S2: The supernatant generates buoyancy on the float (701), which overcomes the elastic force of the third elastic element (18) and pushes the protective tube (7) upward along the stainless steel filter cylinder (301). During the upward movement, the fixing block (702) fixed on the inner wall of the protective tube (7) moves along the spiral guide groove (703) opened on the outer wall of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301), forcing the protective tube (7) to rotate while rising. When the protective tube (7) rises to the predetermined position, its internal T-shaped Under the action of the first elastic element (801), the rod (8) is sprung into the concave hole (9) on the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) to complete the positioning. At this time, the protective tube (7) and the filter hole of the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) are completely overlapped, and the filtration channel is officially opened. The interstitial water in the cargo hold (1) enters the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) through the overlapping filter hole under the action of gravity, and flows into the triangular water collection tank (2) through the flexible connecting pipe (16) and drain pipe (161) at the bottom. S3: When the ship begins to sail, the water level sensor in the water collection tank (2) detects that the water level has reached the preset value and automatically starts the pumping unit (4) to continuously discharge the collected water from the side outlet outside the ship. During the voyage, when the ship rolls or tilts due to wind and waves, the device enters the dynamic anti-blocking working state: Adaptive oscillation: The filter unit (3) adapts to the hull oscillation through the universal joint structure of the first spherical shell (602) and the second spherical shell (604), avoiding structural damage. At the same time, the oscillation itself disturbs the dense sand layer on the outside of the filter tube. Inertial clearing: The inertial force generated by the hull swing causes the counterweight ball (11) to drive the slide bar (10) to compress the second elastic element (1001) and reciprocate. Then, through the connecting rod (12), the scraper ring (121) is driven to scrape the outer wall of the protective pipe (7), and the surrounding sand layer is disturbed by the disturbance plate (122). Piston pump effect: The sealed piston (13) at the bottom of the slide rod (10) moves back and forth in the stainless steel filter cylinder (301), generating pressure waves and creating a suction effect on the filter holes, thus removing the blockages in the holes; Gear rotation disturbance: When the second spherical shell (604) rotates relative to the first spherical shell (602), the auxiliary bevel gear (142) on the outside of the filter tube that revolves with the second spherical shell (604) will mesh with the main bevel gear (141) on the outside of the fixed rod (14), driving the stainless steel filter cylinder (301) to rotate, which in turn drives the disturbance plate (122) to further damage the surrounding sand layer; Internal ball impact cleaning: The cleaning ball (19) inside the filter tube rolls with the hull swing and the filter tube rotates, and under the guidance of the protrusion (17), it impacts the inner wall, and its external brush cleans the deposits on the inner wall. S4: One hour before the vessel arrives at its destination, shut down the pumping unit (4) and stop filtration; After sand unloading, if filter hole blockage is found or regular maintenance is required, activate the backwash function: close the valve on the drain pipe (161), open the valve on the backwash pipe (5), connect to the ship's high-pressure flushing system, and the high-pressure water flows back into the filter pipe, passes through the filter hole, and flushes the blockage back to the cargo hold (1), and then discharges along with the materials in the hold.

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