A material crusher

Abstract

This application discloses a material crusher, including a housing; a linkage mechanism connected to the housing and including a first linkage, a second linkage, a third linkage, and a pressing block; the first linkage is rotatably connected to the housing and the second linkage respectively; the second linkage is rotatably connected to the housing and the third linkage respectively; the pressing block is connected to the third linkage and moves linearly along a set path; the pressing block is located in the crushing chamber, and its two sides are a first side and a second side respectively, and the set path passes through the first side and the second side in sequence; when it is in a first set position, the distance between the first side and the second side is a first set distance; when it is in a second set position, the distance is a second set distance; the first set distance is less than the second set distance, and when the first set distance is not zero, the distance can accommodate a flexible bag containing the material to be crushed; when the first set distance is zero, the second set distance can accommodate the flexible bag, which can adapt to different tablet sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of material crushing technology, specifically relating to a material crusher. Background Technology

[0002] In clinical medication, daily home medication, elderly care, and veterinary healthcare scenarios, the need to administer medication to infants, the elderly, patients with swallowing difficulties, patients receiving nasogastric or gastric tube feeding, and pets such as dogs and cats often requires crushing whole tablets before administration, mixing them into liquid food, or applying them externally. Existing tablet crushing methods mainly fall into the following categories of technical solutions.

[0003] The first type is the mortar and pestle grinding method, which involves manually grinding with a ceramic, agate, or glass mortar and pestle. This method is cumbersome, has low grinding efficiency, and the powder easily remains and adheres to the inner wall of the mortar and the head of the pestle, resulting in a 5% to 15% loss of drug dosage and poor dosage accuracy. After use, it must be cleaned and dried, posing a risk of cross-contamination between different drugs, and it is difficult to meet the hygiene and dosage accuracy requirements of modern clinical drug administration.

[0004] The second type is the rotary cutting electric grinder, which uses a small DC motor to drive the blades to rotate at high speed to shred tablets. This method has a complex structure, many parts, relies on a power source, and is noisy during operation. It is not effective at shredding small particles, sugar-coated tablets, or capsules. Some powder is lost or adheres to the chamber wall due to the high-speed airflow, resulting in dosage loss. Furthermore, the high-speed rotating blades pose a safety hazard and are not suitable for children.

[0005] The third type is the screw-on manual crusher, which crushes tablets by rotating the top cap so that the toothed surfaces between it and the bottom cap press against each other. This method requires considerable wrist strength from the operator, making it difficult for elderly users and those with arthritis. Powder easily gets trapped between the teeth, accumulating over time and becoming difficult to clean. It is also less effective at crushing harder tablets.

[0006] The fourth type is the hammer-type tablet press, which uses a heavy object, lever mechanism, or simple stamping mechanism to directly strike the tablet. This method has significant drawbacks, such as tablet or powder splattering, large dose loss, unhygienic operation, lack of drug bag support and limiting structure, and easy finger pinching. In addition, the position of the press head is not adjustable, and it cannot compensate for assembly errors or adapt to different tablet sizes.

[0007] In addition, some patents for drug-pressing devices involve lever-pressing or screw-pressing structures, but none of them have simultaneously solved the three technical problems of adjustable working distance, disposable drug bag support, and integrated drug bag storage. They also have varying degrees of defects such as complex structure or unstable crushing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this application is to provide a material crusher to solve the technical problem of not being able to adapt to different tablet sizes.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: This application provides a material crusher, comprising: The casing is equipped with a crushing chamber; A linkage mechanism, connected to the housing, includes: a first link, a second link, a third link, and a pressure block; One end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the housing, and the positions of the two ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are rotatably connected. The extension direction of the second connecting rod is arc-shaped or zigzag-shaped, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the housing, and the other end is rotatably connected to the third connecting rod; The pressing block is detachably fixed to the third connecting rod and is configured to reciprocate linearly along a set path; the pressing block is located inside the crushing chamber, and the two opposite sides of the pressing block are the first side and the second side, respectively, and the extension direction of the set path passes through the first side and the second side in sequence; The pressing block has a first set position and a second set position during movement; when the pressing block is in the first set position, the distance between the first side and the second side is a first set distance; when the pressing block is in the second set position, the distance between the first side and the second side is a second set distance; when the first set distance is less than the second set distance and the first set distance is not zero, the first set distance can accommodate a flexible bag containing the material to be crushed; when the first set distance is zero, the second set distance can accommodate the flexible bag containing the material to be crushed.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the crusher further includes a first locking element; the outer side of the third connecting rod is provided with an adjacent first external thread section and a second external thread section, and the first external thread section and the second external thread section have opposite thread directions; The third side of the pressure block is provided with a first connecting hole, wherein the third side is opposite to the first side, the first connecting hole is a blind hole and the inner wall is provided with a first internal thread matching the first external thread segment, and the end of the third connecting rod extends into the first connecting hole and the two are threadedly connected. The first locking member is provided with a second connecting hole, which is a through hole and has a second internal thread on its inner sidewall that matches the second threaded section. The end of the third connecting rod passes through the second connecting hole and the two are threadedly connected. The fourth side of the first locking member is opposite to the third side, and the fourth side is in contact with the third side.

[0011] In a possible implementation, a first limiting member is provided inside the housing; the first limiting member is provided in the crushing chamber, or the groove provided in the first limiting member and the opening provided in the housing constitute the crushing chamber; The first limiting member has at least two limiting portions, which extend towards each other in a direction parallel to the third side and are respectively located on the side of the third side facing the fourth side, and the distance between the two limiting portions is less than the width of the third side.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the fifth side of each of the limiting portions is opposite to the third side, and the distance between them is not less than a single stroke of the pressure block.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the first side and the second side have matching shapes, including both being parallel planes or curved surfaces with the same curvature. The first side and / or the second side are provided with a raised groove structure on the designated working surface. The raised groove structure includes regularly arranged protrusions or grooves, and the surface of each protrusion or groove is smooth.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first connecting portion of the housing via a first rotating assembly. The first rotating assembly includes: a first pin, a first limiting sleeve, and a first limiting pin. The first pin is fixed to the first connecting portion and rotatably connected to the first connecting rod. The first limiting sleeve is sleeved on the first pin. The first limiting pin is fixed to the first connecting rod and can engage with the first limiting surface of the first connecting portion.

[0015] In a possible implementation, there are two second connecting rods, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first connecting rod; the two ends and the middle of each second connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding housing, the third connecting rod and the first connecting rod through a second rotating assembly; wherein each second rotating assembly includes a second rotating shaft and a second bushing; the second rotating shaft is fitted with a corresponding second bushing, and is respectively inserted at the connection positions between the second connecting rod and the housing, the third connecting rod and the first connecting rod.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the crusher further includes: a support plate, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, and a guide sleeve; the support plate is disposed at the bottom of the housing and fixedly connected to the housing, the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are respectively fixedly disposed on both sides of the top surface of the support plate; the guide sleeve is disposed between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate and fixedly connected to both, and the extension direction of the guide sleeve is the same as the set path, and the third connecting rod is disposed inside the guide sleeve and the two are slidably connected.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the ratio of the first force F1 applied to the material to be crushed by the pressing block to the second force F2 applied to the first connecting rod is in the range of: F1:F2=(4~7), and the hardness of the material to be crushed is ≤HV50.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the rotation angle range of the first connecting rod is 30° to 45°, and the single stroke range of the pressure block is 15 mm to 40 mm.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: The material crusher of this application provides a working space for the crushing process by setting a shell with a crushing chamber. The first connecting rod in the linkage mechanism is rotatably connected to the shell, and the two ends of the first and second connecting rods are rotatably connected. The second connecting rod extends in an arc or zigzag shape, with one end rotatably connected to the shell and the other end rotatably connected to the third connecting rod. This amplifies the applied small rotational force into a large linear impact force along a set path, thus solving the problem of laborious operation. The pressing block is detachably fixed to the third connecting rod and configured to reciprocate linearly along a set path. The pressing block is located inside the crushing chamber, with its first side facing the second side of the crushing chamber. The extension direction of the set path passes through the first and second sides sequentially, ensuring that the pressing block moves smoothly. The material is directly facing or away from the wall of the crushing chamber, generating an effective impact. The pressure block has a first set position and a second set position. The first set distance is less than the second set distance. When the first set distance is not zero, the distance can accommodate the flexible bag containing the material to be crushed. When the first set distance is zero, the second set distance accommodates the flexible bag. Regardless of whether the pressure block is completely in contact with the wall of the crushing chamber, the user can easily put the flexible bag containing the material into the pressure block when it is in the second set position, and then move the pressure block to the first set position for crushing. Since the material is always enclosed in the flexible bag, the crushed powder is completely retained in the bag. It will not adhere to the pressure block or the wall of the crushing chamber, causing dosage loss, and there is no need for a cleaning device, thus eliminating cross-contamination. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a first-view external view of a material crusher according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a second-view external view of a material crusher according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a material crusher according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is an internal structural diagram of a material crusher according to an embodiment of this application after removing the shell; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the first motion state of a material crusher according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a second motion state diagram of a material crusher according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Icons: 1. Shell; 101. Crushing chamber; 102. Medicine bag storage opening; 2. Second connecting rod; 3. First connecting rod; 4. First limiting pin; 5. First pin shaft; 6. First limiting sleeve; 7. Support plate; 8. Bolt; 9. First fixing plate; 10. Second fixing plate; 11. Flexible bag body; 12. First limiting component; 13. Pressure block; 14. First locking component; 15. Guide sleeve; 16. Third connecting rod; 17. Second rotating shaft; 18. Limiting pin shaft; 19. Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] refer to Figures 1 to 6The material crusher of this embodiment includes a housing 1 and a linkage mechanism. The housing 1 is generally shell-shaped, with a crushing chamber 101 on one side of its top. The crushing chamber 101 is used to accommodate a flexible bag 11 containing the material to be crushed. The material to be crushed refers to a substance that needs to be crushed from larger particles or a whole into smaller particles, fine particles, or powder by the material crusher. This material has a certain degree of brittleness, and its hardness should not be too high, such as below 50 Vickers hardness, to ensure that it can be fully crushed with relatively small force. For example, the material to be crushed can be tablets, flakes, or large granular brittle foods, etc. In this embodiment, tablets are preferred. The flexible bag 11 is made of a soft, deformable material and is a bag-shaped container used to wrap and contain the material to be crushed during the crushing process. For example, it can be a standard disposable medicine bag, a medicine bag with a self-sealing strip, or an ordinary household food storage bag, etc., which can ensure that the material crusher can complete efficient crushing without contacting the medicine, thereby achieving zero dosage loss and zero cleaning during operation.

[0024] Further reference Figures 3 to 6 The linkage mechanism includes a first link 3, a second link 2, a third link 16, and a pressure block 13. The first link 3 is a slender and curved rod, which is the part where the operator directly applies force, i.e., the handle. The swing of the first link 3 can be driven by hand or by a motor, cylinder, etc. The other end of the first link 3 is rotatably connected to the housing 1. The extension direction of the second link 2 is designed to be arc-shaped or zigzag-shaped, similar to a crank structure, so that the rotational force from the first link 3 can be converted into the axial thrust of the third link 16 more efficiently and smoothly, while making the overall structure more compact. One end of the second link 2 is rotatably connected to the housing 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the third link 16. In addition, a certain intermediate position between the two ends of the second link 2 (e.g., the middle or a point near the end) is rotatably connected to the middle section of the first link 3. In this embodiment, for the purpose of force balance and structural stability, two second links 2 are preferably provided, and the two second links 2 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first link 3. The third link 16 is connected to the pressure block 13 and drives the pressure block 13 to perform reciprocating linear motion. The pressure block 13 is a block-shaped part with a set thickness, and its side facing the crushing chamber 101 is the first side. The pressure block 13 is detachably fixedly connected to the second end of the third link 16.

[0025] The pressing block 13 has a first set position and a second set position during the movement. When the pressing block 13 is in the first set position, the distance between the first side of the pressing block 13 and the second side of the crushing chamber 101 is the first set distance; when the pressing block 13 is in the second set position, the distance between the first side of the pressing block 13 and the second side of the crushing chamber 101 is the second set distance, and the first set distance is less than the second set distance.

[0026] When the first set distance is not zero, the first set distance can accommodate the flexible bag 11 containing the material to be crushed. In this case, it is suitable for a larger size flexible bag 11 (containing the material to be crushed). That is, at this time, the gap between the pressing block 13 and the wall can just accommodate the flexible bag 11 containing the material to be crushed. Then, through the reciprocating movement of the pressing block 13, the flexible bag 11 and the material inside it are squeezed, thereby crushing the material.

[0027] When the first set distance is zero, it is suitable for a smaller flexible bag 11 (containing material to be crushed), that is, the first side of the pressing block 13 is completely in contact with the second side of the crushing chamber 101. At this time, there is no gap between the two and no object can be accommodated. In this case, the pressing block 13 needs to be pulled first to form a gap between the pressing block 13 and the crushing chamber 101, so that the flexible bag 11 containing the material to be crushed can be accommodated. Then, through the reciprocating movement of the pressing block 13, the flexible bag 11 and the material inside it are squeezed, thereby crushing the material.

[0028] Regardless of whether the first set distance is zero, the second set distance is designed to accommodate the flexible bag 11 containing the material to be crushed. For example, for a small flexible bag 11 (containing the material to be crushed), when the first set distance is not zero, the flexible bag 11 can be placed in the crushing chamber 101 without pulling the pressure block 13. When the size of the flexible bag 11 (containing the material to be crushed) exceeds the first set distance, pulling the pressure block 13 to increase the distance between the pressure block 13 and the accommodating chamber will also allow the flexible bag 11 to be placed in. That is, the user can easily place the bag containing the material into the space between the two without having to force it in, thus completing the complete work cycle of "bag insertion → crushing → bag removal". When materials need to be fed in, the press block 13 retracts to the second set position, providing a spacious feeding space; when materials need to be crushed, the press block 13 advances to the first set position, applying high pressure to the materials.

[0029] In the initial state, the first connecting rod 3 is in the raised state, and the pressure block 13 is located in the second preset position, that is, the position furthest from the second side of the crushing chamber 101. The user takes out a disposable flexible bag 11 from the medicine bag storage port 102 on the top of the upper shell, puts the tablets to be crushed into the bag, and then puts the bag containing the tablets into the crushing chamber 101 through the inlet on the top of the upper shell. At this time, since the pressure block 13 is in the second preset position, there is a large space between the pressure block 13 and the second side of the crushing chamber 101, and the bag can easily fall between the two. Next, the user presses down on the handle of the first link 3, causing it to rotate downwards around its connection point with the housing 1. Since the middle of the second link 2 is rotatably connected to the first link 3, the downward movement of the first link 3 causes the second link 2 to swing downwards around its connection point with the top of the housing 1. The lower end of the second link 2 then pushes the third link 16, causing it to move forward axially in a straight line under the constraint of the guide sleeve 15. The pressure block 13, fixed to the end of the third link 16, moves forward in a straight line synchronously from the second set position to the first set position. As the pressure block 13 advances, its first side gradually approaches the second side of the crushing chamber 101, ultimately impacting the flexible bag 11 located between them with a significant impact force.

[0030] When the pressing block 13 reaches the first preset position, the distance between the pressing block 13 and the wall becomes the first preset distance (which may be zero or a very small positive value). During this process, the tablets in the bag are crushed into powder or fine particles under the pressure of the pressing block 13 and the wall. After crushing, the user lifts the first connecting rod 3 again, and the above transmission process is reversed. The first connecting rod 3 is lifted, which drives the third connecting rod 16 and the pressing block 13 to move backward through the second connecting rod 2, returning from the first preset position to the second preset position. A larger space is formed between the pressing block 13 and the wall of the crushing chamber 101, and the user can easily take out the flexible bag 11 containing the powder from the crushing chamber 101.

[0031] As an optional embodiment, the material crusher further includes a first locking member 14. The outer surface of the third connecting rod 16 is provided with adjacent first and second external thread sections, and the thread directions of the first and second external thread sections are opposite; that is, if the first external thread section is a right-hand thread, then the second external thread section is a left-hand thread, and vice versa. The pressing block 13 has a first side and a third side facing away from each other, wherein the first side is the working surface facing the crushing chamber 101, and the third side is the mounting surface facing away from the crushing chamber 101 for connection with the third connecting rod 16. A first connecting hole is provided on the third side of the pressing block 13. The first connecting hole is a blind hole, and a first internal thread is machined on its inner sidewall. The first internal thread matches the direction and pitch of the first external thread section on the third connecting rod 16. The first locking member 14 is provided with a second connecting hole. The second connecting hole is a through hole, and a second internal thread is machined on its inner sidewall. The second internal thread matches the direction and pitch of the second external thread section on the third connecting rod 16. The first locking member 14 has a flat fourth side that, after assembly, will be opposite to the third side of the pressure block 13.

[0032] During assembly, the first locking member 14 is first screwed onto the second external thread section of the third connecting rod 16 via its second internal thread, remaining in the inner position. Then, the pressure block 13 is screwed onto the first external thread section of the third connecting rod 16 via its first internal thread in the first connecting hole, until the third side of the pressure block 13 and the fourth side of the first locking member 14 approach each other and finally fit tightly. Since the two threads rotate in opposite directions, when the pressure block 13 and the first locking member 14 rotate relative to each other, a "counteracting" effect is generated, forming a huge axial preload, thereby reliably locking the pressure block 13 axially. When it is necessary to adjust the first set distance, first loosen the first locking member 14, then rotate the pressure block 13 to change its axial position on the third connecting rod 16, and finally retighten the first locking member 14. This adjustment is continuous, precise, and exemplary, achieving an adjustment accuracy of less than 0.1 mm. This structure can compensate for the cumulative errors in parts processing and assembly, adapt to materials of different thicknesses to be crushed, and restore the original crushing spacing by rotating the crushing block 13 outward after the working surface of the crushing block 13 is worn due to long-term use, thus extending the service life of the whole machine.

[0033] As an optional embodiment, the housing 1 is provided with a first limiting member 12, which can be an independent bracket or part of the housing 1. The first limiting member 12 can be disposed in the crushing chamber 101, or the groove on the first limiting member 12 and the opening on the housing 1 together constitute the crushing chamber 101. The first limiting member 12 has at least two limiting portions, which extend towards each other in a direction parallel to the third side of the pressing block 13, that is, they extend from both sides toward the middle, and are located on the side of the third side of the pressing block 13 facing its fourth side, that is, behind the mounting part of the pressing block 13. The distance between the two limiting portions is designed to be less than the width of the third side of the pressing block 13, so that the body of the pressing block 13 cannot cross the limiting portions.

[0034] When the pressing block 13 impacts forward, the limiting part prevents the flexible bag 11 from sliding laterally or detaching from the crushing chamber 101, ensuring the stability of the crushing process. Furthermore, each limiting part has a fifth side surface opposite to the third side surface of the pressing block 13, and the distance between them is not less than a single stroke of the pressing block 13. Here, "single stroke" refers to the straight-line distance the pressing block 13 travels from its second set position to its first set position. This arrangement ensures that during the entire reciprocating motion of the pressing block 13, its third side surface never contacts the fifth side surface of the limiting part, thus avoiding mechanical interference. Simultaneously, the limiting part only guides and prevents the flexible bag 11 from detaching.

[0035] As an optional embodiment, the shapes of the first and second sides are designed to match each other. For example, both can be parallel planes, or both can be curved surfaces with the same curvature, such as slightly concave or convex arc surfaces. The curved surface design allows for better encapsulation and compression of irregularly shaped tablets, resulting in a more uniform pressure distribution. Furthermore, the designated working surface of the first and / or second sides is provided with a raised groove structure, which includes regularly arranged protrusions or grooves. Preferably, these protrusions or grooves can be any one or a combination of several of the following: cross-grid grooves, radially radial grooves, dot matrix protrusions, and parallel corrugated grooves. The surface of each protrusion or groove is smooth, i.e., without sharp edges or burrs. The protrusions or grooves can generate localized high-pressure points when the pressing block 13 impacts the flexible bag 11, improving crushing efficiency and uniformity. Simultaneously, the smooth surface prevents the flexible bag 11 from being punctured or torn, ensuring zero powder leakage.

[0036] As an optional embodiment, the first connecting rod 3 is rotatably connected to the first connecting portion of the housing 1 via a first rotating assembly. The first rotating assembly includes a first pin 5, a first limiting sleeve 6, and a first limiting pin 4. The first pin 5 is fixed to the first connecting portion. For example, the first connecting portion may have a boss structure inside the housing 1, with the first pin 5 fixed to the boss structure, and the first connecting rod 3 rotating around the first pin 5. The first limiting sleeve 6 is sleeved on the first pin 5, located between the first pin 5 and the shaft hole of the first connecting rod 3, serving a wear-resistant and axial limiting function. The first limiting pin 4 is fixedly disposed on the first connecting rod 3 and can engage with the first limiting surface of the first connecting portion. This first limiting surface actually includes limiting surfaces in two directions, corresponding to the maximum lifting angle and the minimum pressing angle of the first connecting rod 3, respectively. When the first link 3 rotates upward to the preset maximum lifting angle, the first limit pin 4 contacts the upper limit surface to prevent excessive lifting from causing the link mechanism to cross the dead point or disengage; when the first link 3 rotates downward to the preset minimum pressing position, the first limit pin 4 contacts the lower limit surface to prevent excessive pressing from causing the pressure block 13 to have a hard and violent collision with the wall of the crushing chamber 101, thereby protecting the parts and preventing fingers from being pinched.

[0037] To further optimize force balance, in this embodiment, two second connecting rods 2 are provided and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first connecting rod 3. The two ends and the middle of each second connecting rod 2 are rotatably connected to the corresponding housing 1, the third connecting rod 16, and the first connecting rod 3 via second rotating assemblies. Each second rotating assembly includes a second rotating shaft 17 and a second bushing. This symmetrical structure ensures force balance between the pressure block 13 and the third connecting rod 16, avoiding lateral torque and preventing skewing.

[0038] As an optional embodiment, the material crusher further includes a support plate 7, a first fixing plate 9, a second fixing plate 10, and a guide sleeve 15. The support plate 7 is located at the bottom of the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to the housing 1, such as by bolts 8 or screws 19. The first fixing plate 9 and the second fixing plate 10 are respectively fixedly located on both sides of the top surface of the support plate 7. The guide sleeve 15 is located between the first fixing plate 9 and the second fixing plate 10 and is fixedly connected to both. The extension direction of the guide sleeve 15 is the same as the set path. The third connecting rod 16 is located inside the guide sleeve 15 and the two are slidably connected. This structure can provide precise linear guidance for the third connecting rod 16, ensuring that the movement trajectory of the crushing block 13 is stable and reliable. In addition, the side walls of the guide sleeve 15 and the third connecting rod 16 are respectively provided with strip-shaped holes, which extend along the direction of the set path and have a length equal to a single stroke. The limiting pin 18 passes through the guide sleeve 15 and the strip hole of the third connecting rod in sequence, and is fixed to the first fixing plate 9 and the second fixing plate 10. This can prevent the third connecting rod 16 from rotating and limit the range of motion of the third connecting rod 16.

[0039] The mechanical properties and motion parameters of the material crusher are analyzed in detail below. From the perspective of force amplification principle, the linkage mechanism in this embodiment is essentially a lever-link-slider composite transmission system. The force applied by the operator to the first link 3 is amplified in two stages and then transmitted to the pressing block 13. Let the force applied by the operator to the first link 3 be the second force F2 (in Newtons), and the impact force applied by the pressing block 13 to the material to be crushed be the first force F1 (in Newtons). The first link 3 rotates around its pivot point, forming a lever. Let the lever arm length from the user's hand application point to the pivot point be L1, and the lever arm length from the connection point of the second link 2 and the first link 3 to the pivot point be L2. Then, the lever amplification ratio of the first link 3 itself is i1 = L1 / L2. When the first link 3 rotates, it drives the second link 2, which then transmits the motion to the third link 16. Since the extension direction of the second link 2 is arc-shaped or zigzag-shaped, its angle change will also produce a certain force amplification or direction conversion effect. The overall drivetrain is optimized so that the force amplification ratio of the machine is between 4 and 7, i.e., F1:F2 = 4~7. This ratio range can cover different groups of people. The comfortable force range for ordinary adults is usually within 30 Newtons, while the force applied by elderly users or those with weak constitutions may be even lower. The hardness of common tablets is usually ≤HV50, and their crushing force is generally between 100 and 200 Newtons. Therefore, setting the force amplification ratio to 4 to 7 ensures that users only need to apply 25 to 30 Newtons of force to generate an impact force of 100 to 210 Newtons on the crushing block 13, thus easily crushing most tablets.

[0040] Furthermore, from the perspective of motion stroke, there is a geometric correspondence between the linear motion stroke of the pressure block 13 and the rotation angle of the first connecting rod 3. Let the rotation angle range of the first connecting rod 3 around its pivot point be Δθ. When the first connecting rod 3 rotates by Δθ, the arc displacement traversed by the connection point between the second connecting rod 2 and the first connecting rod 3 is approximately L2·Δθ. This displacement is transmitted and converted through the second connecting rod 2, and is finally projected onto the axis of the third connecting rod 16, which is the axial stroke ΔS of the third connecting rod 16 and the pressure block 13. In order to ensure sufficient bag-feeding space and effective crushing impact distance, this embodiment sets the rotation angle range of the first connecting rod 3 to 30 degrees to 45 degrees. This angle range conforms to ergonomics, and the natural and comfortable range of motion of a person pressing down from top to bottom or lifting up from bottom to top is exactly within this range. Correspondingly, within this rotation angle range, the single stroke of the pressure block 13 is designed to be 15 mm to 40 mm. A stroke of more than 15 mm ensures that the user can easily put into the flexible bag 11 containing tablets of common thickness (e.g., 2 to 10 mm), while a stroke of less than 40 mm ensures that the overall structure is compact and avoids excessive overall size.

[0041] Specific examples in this embodiment can be found in the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0042] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0043] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0045] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways, and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0046] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A material crusher, characterized in that, include: The casing is equipped with a crushing chamber; A linkage mechanism, connected to the housing, includes: a first link, a second link, a third link, and a pressure block; One end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the housing, and the positions of the two ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are rotatably connected. The extension direction of the second connecting rod is arc-shaped or zigzag-shaped, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the housing, and the other end is rotatably connected to the third connecting rod; The pressing block is detachably fixed to the third connecting rod and is configured to reciprocate linearly along a set path; the pressing block is located inside the crushing chamber, and the two opposite sides of the pressing block are the first side and the second side, respectively, and the extension direction of the set path passes through the first side and the second side in sequence; The pressing block has a first set position and a second set position during movement; when the pressing block is in the first set position, the distance between the first side and the second side is a first set distance; when the pressing block is in the second set position, the distance between the first side and the second side is a second set distance; when the first set distance is less than the second set distance and the first set distance is not zero, the first set distance can accommodate a flexible bag containing the material to be crushed; when the first set distance is zero, the second set distance can accommodate the flexible bag containing the material to be crushed.

2. The material crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crusher also includes a first locking element; the outer side of the third connecting rod is provided with an adjacent first external thread section and a second external thread section, and the first external thread section and the second external thread section have opposite thread directions; The third side of the pressure block is provided with a first connecting hole, wherein the third side is opposite to the first side, the first connecting hole is a blind hole and the inner wall is provided with a first internal thread matching the first external thread segment, and the end of the third connecting rod extends into the first connecting hole and the two are threadedly connected. The first locking member is provided with a second connecting hole, which is a through hole and has a second internal thread on its inner sidewall that matches the second threaded section. The end of the third connecting rod passes through the second connecting hole and the two are threadedly connected. The fourth side of the first locking member is opposite to the third side, and the fourth side is in contact with the third side.

3. The material crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is provided with a first limiting member; the first limiting member is provided in the crushing chamber, or the groove provided in the first limiting member and the opening provided in the housing constitute the crushing chamber; The first limiting member has at least two limiting portions, which extend towards each other in a direction parallel to the third side and are respectively located on the side of the third side facing the fourth side, and the distance between the two limiting portions is less than the width of the third side.

4. The material crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fifth side of each of the limiting parts is opposite to the third side, and the distance between them is not less than a single stroke of the pressure block.

5. The material crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first side and the second side have matching shapes, including both being parallel planes or curved surfaces with the same curvature. The first side and / or the second side are provided with a raised groove structure on the designated working surface. The raised groove structure includes regularly arranged protrusions or grooves, and the surface of each protrusion or groove is smooth.

6. The material crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first connecting part of the housing via a first rotating assembly. The first rotating assembly includes: a first pin, a first limiting sleeve, and a first limiting pin. The first pin is fixed to the first connecting part and rotatably connected to the first connecting rod. The first limiting sleeve is sleeved on the first pin. The first limiting pin is fixed to the first connecting rod and can be limited and engaged with the first limiting surface of the first connecting part.

7. The material crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two second connecting rods, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first connecting rod; the two ends and the middle of each second connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding housing, the third connecting rod and the first connecting rod through a second rotating assembly; wherein, each second rotating assembly includes a second rotating shaft and a second bushing; the second rotating shaft is fitted with a corresponding second bushing, which passes through the connection positions of the second connecting rod and the housing, the third connecting rod and the first connecting rod respectively.

8. The material crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crusher further includes: a support plate, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, and a guide sleeve; the support plate is located at the bottom of the housing and is fixedly connected to the housing; the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are respectively fixedly located on both sides of the top surface of the support plate; the guide sleeve is located between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate and is fixedly connected to both of them; the extension direction of the guide sleeve is the same as the set path; and the third connecting rod is located inside the guide sleeve and the two are slidably connected.

9. The material crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The ratio of the first force F1 applied to the material to be crushed by the pressing block to the second force F2 applied to the first connecting rod is: F1:F2 = (4~7), and the hardness of the material to be crushed is ≤HV50.

10. The material crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The rotation angle range of the first connecting rod is 30° to 45°, and the single stroke range of the pressure block is 15mm to 40mm.

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