Methods for efficient recovery of ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the field of mineral processing technology and provides a method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits, comprising: pre-treating and gravity separating the inland lacustrine placer deposits to obtain gravity concentrate and gravity tailings; subjecting the gravity concentrate to high-intensity magnetic separation to obtain high-intensity magnetic concentrate and high-intensity magnetic tailings; grinding and weak magnetic separation of the high-intensity magnetic concentrate to obtain iron rough concentrate and iron tailings; classifying the iron tailings to obtain coarse-grained minerals and fine-grained minerals; subjecting the coarse-grained minerals to coarse-grained gravity separation to obtain coarse-grained gravity concentrate and coarse-grained gravity tailings; subjecting the fine-grained minerals to fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation to obtain fine-grained high-intensity magnetic concentrate and fine-grained high-intensity magnetic tailings; and combining the coarse-grained gravity concentrate and the fine-grained high-intensity magnetic concentrate for flotation to obtain ilmenite concentrate, sulfur rough concentrate, and flotation tailings. The method disclosed herein can achieve efficient recovery of ilmenite from new types of inland lacustrine placer deposits, resulting in high-grade and high-recovery ilmenite concentrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of mineral processing technology, for example to a method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium and its compounds, due to their superior properties, have become an indispensable strategic metal resource in modern industry. Metallic titanium possesses characteristics such as low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, non-magnetic properties, and good biocompatibility, earning it the titles of "space metal," "marine metal," and "smart metal." It is widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace vehicles, ships, marine engineering equipment, and biomedical implants. Meanwhile, over 90% of titanium resources are used to produce titanium dioxide (titanium dioxide), the highest-performance white pigment, playing a crucial role in industries such as coatings, plastics, papermaking, inks, and chemical fibers. Its market demand is closely related to the level of national economic development. Therefore, ensuring a safe, stable, and efficient supply of titanium resources is of paramount importance to China's high-end manufacturing and basic chemical industries.

[0003] However, although China is a major titanium resource country with abundant reserves, its resource endowment is poor, its overall utilization efficiency is low, and its dependence on imports has remained high for a long time. Currently, China's titanium resources face many problems, including but not limited to: ① Imbalanced resource structure: approximately 90% of titanium resources are found in primary vanadium-titanium magnetite, which is difficult to beneficiate, and the cost of separating iron and titanium is high, resulting in a low overall recovery rate of titanium; ② Technological bottlenecks: facing a large amount of low-grade, complexly associated titanium resources (especially non-traditional placer deposits), existing conventional beneficiation technologies have low recovery rates, unstable concentrate grades, and high production costs, resulting in serious resource waste. Therefore, improving the recovery technology and comprehensive utilization rate of low-grade and difficult-to-process titanium resources is the core issue for the development of China's titanium industry.

[0004] Currently, industrial ilmenite deposits are mainly divided into primary vanadium-titanium magnetite deposits and coastal placer deposits. The typical beneficiation process for vanadium-titanium magnetite is a combined process of "stage grinding – weak magnetic separation for iron – strong magnetic enrichment – ​​flotation for titanium." The core of this process lies in achieving individual liberation of valuable minerals from gangue through multi-stage grinding, recovering magnetic minerals using magnetic separation, and further enriching ilmenite through flotation. The technical prerequisites are: the raw ore needs to undergo crushing and grinding operations, the mineral particle size distribution is relatively coarse, and the flotation feed particle size needs to be controlled within an appropriate range. The typical beneficiation process for coastal placer deposits is a combined process of "gravity pre-enrichment – ​​multi-stage magnetic separation – electrostatic cleaning." This process utilizes differences in mineral density, magnetism, and conductivity for separation. The key technical aspects are: the raw ore can be directly fed into the beneficiation process without grinding, the particle size range is narrow and uniform, and the degree of individual mineral liberation is high. For some severely weathered coastal placer deposits, roasting pretreatment is required to eliminate the influence of magnetic overlap.

[0005] Furthermore, in their article "The Discovery of Paleofluvial-Lumpal Zircon Place Deposits on the Northern Edge of the Kubai Basin in Xinjiang Achieves a Breakthrough in Zircon Exploration in my country," Liu Bing et al. pointed out that the Yuhai Zircon Place Deposit, a paleofluvial-lacustral zircon place deposit with super-large-scale potential, was discovered in the Cenozoic strata on the northern edge of the Kubai Basin. The main minerals containing zircon, titanium, and rare earth elements in the original ore are zircon, ilmenite, bastnaesite, and xenotime. However, the paleofluvial-lacustral zircon place deposit discovered by Liu Bing et al. is an inland fluvial-lacustral place deposit, belonging to a newly discovered type of ilmenite deposit. The combined process of "grinding-gravity separation-roughing-cleaning-re-selection-two-stage magnetic separation" mentioned in the article only provides a preliminary exploration of zircon in the ore and cannot achieve comprehensive recovery of titanium from the ore.

[0006] In conclusion, developing a method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from newly discovered inland lacustrine placer deposits is of great significance for supporting the comprehensive development and evaluation of this type of mine. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits, so as to at least achieve efficient recovery of ilmenite from new types of inland lacustrine placer deposits, obtain high-grade and high-recovery-rate ilmenite concentrate, and ultimately achieve the effect of efficient recovery and utilization of titanium resources.

[0008] The purpose of this disclosure is achieved through the following technical solution: On the one hand, a method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits is provided. The method includes: pretreating the inland lacustrine placer deposit to liberate it, obtaining pretreated minerals; performing gravity separation on the pretreated minerals to obtain gravity concentrate and gravity tailings; performing strong magnetic separation on the gravity concentrate to obtain strong magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic tailings; grinding the strong magnetic concentrate to obtain grinding products; performing weak magnetic separation on the grinding products to obtain iron rough concentrate and iron tailings; classifying the iron tailings to obtain coarse-grained minerals and fine-grained minerals; performing coarse-grained gravity separation on the coarse-grained minerals to obtain coarse-grained gravity concentrate and coarse-grained gravity tailings; performing fine-grained strong magnetic separation on the fine-grained minerals to obtain fine-grained strong magnetic concentrate and fine-grained strong magnetic tailings; combining the coarse-grained gravity concentrate and the fine-grained strong magnetic concentrate to obtain minerals to be processed; and performing flotation on the minerals to be processed to obtain ilmenite concentrate, sulfur rough concentrate, and flotation tailings.

[0009] It should be noted that the inland fluvial-lacustrine placer deposits are hosted in Cenozoic strata and distributed in Tertiary sedimentary strata. Overall, they are developed into various sedimentary facies such as piedmont alluvial-diluvial, fan delta, delta, and lacustrine deposits. The ore is semi-consolidated sandstone and conglomerate, with the main rock assemblage being fine sandstone and conglomerate. There is no significant difference in titanium content between the fine sandstone and conglomerate. Compared with other types of deposits, the mineral composition of the inland fluvial-lacustrine placer deposits is relatively simple and the grain size distribution is relatively uniform. However, the grain size distribution of this type of deposit is uneven, with content in all grain sizes. Furthermore, the intercalation characteristics of titanium and gangue minerals in each grain size are complex, making separation and purification difficult.

[0010] The main mineral components and physical properties of the inland lacustrine placer deposits are as follows: Zircon is non-magnetic, with a hardness of 7.5-8, is brittle, and a specific gravity of 4.4-4.8 (3.6-4.0 for isotropic forms); Ilmenite is weakly magnetic, brittle, with a hardness of 5-5.5 and a density of 4.4-5 g / cm³. 3 Specific gravity 4.70~4.78; magnetite, strongly magnetic, Mohs hardness 5.5~6, density 5.16~5.18 g / cm³ 3 Specific gravity 4.8~5.3; Pyrrhotite, possessing electrical and magnetic properties, brittle, Mohs hardness 3.5~4.5, density 4.58~4.79 g / cm³ 3 Specific gravity 4.6~4.7; pyrite, brittle, Mohs hardness 6~6.5, density 5g / cm³ 3 Specific gravity 4.9~5.2; goethite, hardness 1~5.5, specific gravity 3.3~4.0; hematite, brittle, Mohs hardness 5.5~6.5, specific gravity 4.9~5.3; quartz, non-magnetic, Mohs hardness 7, brittle, density 2.65g / cm³, specific gravity 2.65; feldspar, non-magnetic, Mohs hardness 6~6.5, brittle, density 2.55~2.76g / cm³, specific gravity 2.55~2.76; illite, non-magnetic, Mohs hardness 1~2, specific gravity 2.6~2.9; calcite, non-magnetic, Mohs hardness 3, specific gravity 2.6~2.8.

[0011] It should be understood that, compared to vanadium-titanium magnetite and coastal placer deposits, the inland lacustrine placer deposits disclosed in this disclosure have the following characteristics: ① extremely low titanium grade; ② wide particle size distribution; ③ low degree of liberation of individual minerals and complex intercalation; ④ the ore contains some red titanium manganese ore, which is part of the Fe in some ilmenite. 2+ Mn 2+ The minerals exhibit isomorphous substitution, sharing similar crystal structure, morphology, and specific gravity with ilmenite, making separation and purification difficult using traditional physical beneficiation methods. Therefore, beneficiation methods applicable to vanadium-titanium magnetite and coastal placer deposits cannot be directly applied to the inland lacustrine placer deposits described in this disclosure.

[0012] It is worth noting that the method provided in this disclosure innovatively proposes an integrated process of "pretreatment and liberation - gravity separation + strong magnetic separation - fine grinding and liberation + weak magnetic separation for iron removal - classification + coarse and fine separation pre-enrichment (coarse gravity separation + fine strong magnetic separation) + flotation". This process successfully overcomes the technical difficulties of existing technologies in adapting to the ore characteristics of inland lacustrine and fluvial placer deposits. It can efficiently recover ilmenite and obtain high-grade and high-recovery-rate ilmenite concentrate, thereby achieving efficient recovery and utilization of titanium resources in new types of inland lacustrine and fluvial placer deposits.

[0013] The principle of the method provided in this disclosure includes: 1) By performing the pretreatment on the inland lacustrine placer deposits to liberate the high-density minerals and gangue minerals in the ore, and by utilizing the difference in specific gravity, the majority of minerals such as quartz, feldspar, calcite, illite, etc. in the ore are removed by gravity separation to obtain the gravity concentrate mainly containing high-density minerals such as zircon, ilmenite, argillaceous manganese ore, magnetite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, etc. 2) By utilizing the differences in the magnetic properties of minerals, the gravity concentrate is subjected to strong magnetic separation, which separates the magnetic minerals from the non-magnetic minerals in the ore, resulting in the strong magnetic concentrate (mainly ilmenite, rhodochrosite, magnetite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and small amounts of quartz, feldspar, etc.) and the strong magnetic tailings (mainly zircon, quartz, feldspar, etc.). 3) By grinding the strong magnetic separation concentrate to liberate the high-density minerals such as ilmenite, rhodochrosite, magnetite, pyrrhotite, and pyrite in the ore, and by utilizing the differences in the magnetic properties of the minerals, the non-magnetic and weakly magnetic minerals in the ore are separated from the strong magnetic minerals by the weak magnetic separation, to obtain the iron rough concentrate (mainly magnetite) and iron beneficiation tailings (mainly ilmenite, rhodochrosite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and small amounts of quartz, feldspar, etc.). 4) First, by classifying the iron ore tailings, coarse-grained minerals and fine-grained minerals are obtained; second, based on the differences in specific gravity and particle size between ilmenite, rhodochrosite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and quartz and feldspar, the coarse-grained minerals are subjected to coarse-grained gravity separation to enrich the coarse-grained ilmenite, rhodochrosite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, etc., in the ore, thus obtaining the coarse-grained gravity concentrate and the coarse-grained gravity concentrate tailings; then, based on the differences in specific gravity and particle size between ilmenite, rhodochrosite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and quartz and feldspar, etc., the coarse-grained minerals are further separated. The difference in mineral magnetic properties allows for the enrichment of fine-grained ilmenite, rhodochrosite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, etc., in the ore through fine-grained strong magnetic separation, resulting in fine-grained strong magnetic separation concentrate and fine-grained strong magnetic separation tailings. This achieves the separation of ilmenite, rhodochrosite, pyrite, pyrrhotite from gangue minerals such as quartz and feldspar. Finally, the obtained coarse-grained gravity concentrate and the fine-grained strong magnetic separation concentrate are combined for flotation to obtain ilmenite concentrate, flotation tailings, and pyrrhotite rough concentrate.

[0014] In some examples, the method further includes: combining the gravity separation tailings, the strong magnetic separation tailings, the iron rough concentrate, the coarse gravity separation tailings, the fine strong magnetic separation tailings, the sulfur rough concentrate, and the flotation tailings into a total tailings.

[0015] In some embodiments, the grade of TFe in the inland lacustrine placer deposits is not less than 1.20%, and the grade of TiO2 is not less than 0.30%.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pretreatment of the inland lacustrine placer deposit to dissociate it and obtain pretreated minerals includes: crushing the inland lacustrine placer deposit to obtain crushed minerals; pre-classifying the crushed minerals to obtain oversize and undersize minerals; and pre-grinding the oversize minerals to obtain pre-grinding products; wherein the pre-grinding products are returned to the pre-classification; and the undersize minerals are used as the pretreated minerals.

[0017] It should be noted that the inland lacustrine placer deposits are hosted in Cenozoic strata, with the main rock assemblage being fine sandstone and conglomerate, and the clastic material sorting is generally poor. Among them, the fine sandstone has small grains and a high degree of liberation between heavy minerals and gangue minerals; while the conglomerate has large grains and the heavy minerals and gangue minerals have not been effectively liberated.

[0018] Based on this, in some of the above embodiments, by first performing the pre-classification on the crushed minerals and then pre-grinding the minerals on the sieve, it is possible to ensure that the high-density minerals and gangue minerals in the conglomerate are effectively liberated, while further preventing the already liberated fine sandstone from being ground again, thereby further improving the subsequent separation effect of high-density minerals and gangue minerals.

[0019] In some examples, the particle size of the crushed mineral is -3 mm.

[0020] In some examples, the particle size of the undersize mineral is -0.5 mm, and the particle size of the pre-ground mineral product is -0.5 mm.

[0021] In some embodiments, the particle size of the pretreated mineral is -0.5 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic separator is 875.6~1034.8 kA / m.

[0023] In some embodiments, the weight percentage of minerals with a particle size of -0.074 mm in the grinding product is 60% to 70%.

[0024] It should be noted that "the weight percentage of minerals with a particle size of -0.074mm in the grinding product is 60%~70%" can also be understood as "the fineness of the grinding is -0.074mm 60%~70%", and the two have the same meaning.

[0025] In some embodiments, the magnetic field strength of the weak magnetic separation is 238.8~318.4 kA / m.

[0026] In some embodiments, the particle size of the fine-grained mineral is -0.038 mm.

[0027] In some embodiments, the magnetic field strength of the fine-particle high-intensity magnetic separator is 557.2~716.4 kA / m.

[0028] In some embodiments, the flotation of the mineral to be processed to obtain ilmenite concentrate, sulfur rough concentrate and flotation tailings includes: desulfurizing the mineral to be processed to obtain sulfur rough concentrate and desulfurization tailings; and performing titanium flotation on the desulfurization tailings to obtain ilmenite concentrate and flotation tailings.

[0029] It is understood that the purpose of the desulfurization flotation is to remove sulfur-containing minerals from the minerals to be selected. In order to achieve the above purpose, a variety of reagents and methods can be used, and those skilled in the art can make appropriate selections according to actual needs. This disclosure does not limit them.

[0030] In some examples, the reagents used in the desulfurization flotation include a first modifier, a first collector, and a frother.

[0031] For example, the first modifier includes sulfuric acid.

[0032] For example, the pH of the desulfurization flotation is 5.5 to 6.0, for example, 6.0.

[0033] For example, the first collector includes butyl xanthate.

[0034] For example, the dosage of the first collector is 100~200g / t·feed.

[0035] For example, the foaming agent comprises 2 # Oil.

[0036] For example, the amount of the foaming agent used is 20~40g / t·feed.

[0037] Similarly, the purpose of titanium flotation is to separate titanium minerals from other impurity minerals in the desulfurization tailings. To achieve the above purpose, various reagents and methods can be used, and those skilled in the art can make appropriate selections according to actual needs. This disclosure does not limit them.

[0038] In some examples, the reagents used in the titanium flotation include a second modifier, a second collector, an inhibitor, and an auxiliary collector.

[0039] For example, the second modifier includes sulfuric acid.

[0040] For example, the second collector includes MOH.

[0041] For example, the inhibitor includes sodium fluorosilicate.

[0042] For example, the auxiliary collector includes diesel fuel.

[0043] In some examples, the step of performing titanium flotation on the desulfurization tailings to obtain the ilmenite concentrate and the flotation tailings includes: performing titanium roughing on the desulfurization tailings to obtain a roughing concentrate and a roughing tailings; performing titanium scavenging on the roughing tailings to obtain a scavenging concentrate and the flotation tailings, wherein the scavenging concentrate is returned to the titanium roughing process; and performing titanium cleaning on the roughing concentrate to obtain the ilmenite concentrate.

[0044] For example, in the titanium roughing process, the pH is adjusted to 3.75~4.25, for example, 4.0, using the second adjuster; the dosage of the second collector is 2500~3500 g / t·feed; the dosage of the inhibitor is 1500~2000 g / t·feed; and the dosage of the auxiliary collector is 100~300 g / t·feed.

[0045] For example, in the titanium scavenging process, the amount of the second collector is 200~400g / t·feed.

[0046] For example, the titanium refining of the roughing concentrate to obtain the ilmenite concentrate includes: performing a first-stage refining on the roughing concentrate to obtain a first-stage refined concentrate and a first-stage refined middlings, wherein the first-stage refined middlings are returned to the titanium roughing process; performing a second-stage refining on the first-stage refined concentrate to obtain a second-stage refined concentrate and a second-stage refined middlings, wherein the second-stage refined middlings are returned to the first-stage refining process; performing a third-stage refining on the second-stage refined concentrate to obtain a third-stage refined concentrate and a third-stage refined middlings, wherein the third-stage refined middlings are returned to the second-stage refining process; and performing a fourth-stage refining on the third-stage refined concentrate to obtain the ilmenite concentrate and a fourth-stage refined middlings, wherein the fourth-stage refined middlings are returned to the third-stage refining process.

[0047] For example, in the aforementioned selection, the second adjuster is used to adjust the pH to 3.25~3.75, for example, 3.5.

[0048] For example, in the two-stage selection process, the second adjuster is used to adjust the pH to 2.75~3.25, for example, 3.0.

[0049] For example, in the three-stage selection, the second adjuster is used to adjust the pH to 2.25~2.75, for example, 2.5.

[0050] For example, in the four-stage selection, the second adjuster is used to adjust the pH to 1.75~2.25, for example, 2.0.

[0051] The beneficial effects of this disclosure are: 1. The present disclosure provides a method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits. The entire process adopts an integrated process of "pretreatment and liberation - gravity separation + strong magnetic separation - fine grinding and liberation + weak magnetic separation for iron removal - classification + coarse and fine separation for pre-enrichment (coarse gravity separation + fine strong magnetic separation) + flotation". The entire process is closely linked and highly targeted, and is particularly suitable for recovering ilmenite from complex inland lacustrine placer deposits.

[0052] 2. The present disclosure provides a method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits, which can obtain high-grade and high-recovery-rate ilmenite concentrate, ultimately greatly improving the utilization rate of titanium in the ore.

[0053] 3. The present disclosure provides a method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits. The process technology is clean and efficient, meets the requirements of green mining development, and is easy to implement for large-scale technological transformation and industrialization, thus having significant economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely drawings of some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings. Furthermore, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams and are not intended to limit the actual process of the methods involved in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the principle of a method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits, according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions in some embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0057] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open and encompassing, that is, "including, but not limited to".

[0058] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Example 1

[0059] A method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits, wherein the raw ore is from inland lacustrine placer deposits in Xinjiang, with a TFe grade of 1.58% and a TiO2 grade of 0.42%.

[0060] The main process of the above-mentioned mineral processing method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. The raw ore is crushed to obtain crushed minerals with a particle size of -3mm (i.e., a composite sample of the raw ore). S2. Pre-classify the crushed minerals to obtain oversize minerals with a particle size of +0.5mm and undersize minerals with a particle size of -0.5mm; perform a first-stage grinding on the oversize minerals to obtain a first-stage grinding product with a particle size of -0.5mm, and return the obtained first-stage grinding product to the pre-classification. S3. The undersize minerals are subjected to gravity separation to obtain gravity concentrate and gravity tailings; S4. The gravity concentrate is subjected to high-intensity magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 955.2 kA / m to obtain high-intensity magnetic concentrate and high-intensity magnetic tailings; S5. The high-intensity magnetic separation concentrate is subjected to two-stage grinding to a grinding fineness of -0.074mm 65%, to obtain the two-stage grinding product; S6. The products from the second-stage grinding were subjected to weak magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 278.6 kA / m to obtain iron rough concentrate and iron tailings. S7. The iron ore tailings are classified to obtain coarse-grained minerals with a particle size of +0.038mm and fine-grained minerals with a particle size of -0.038mm; S8. Perform coarse-grained gravity separation on coarse-grained minerals to obtain coarse-grained gravity concentrate and coarse-grained gravity tailings; S9. Fine-grained minerals are subjected to fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 636.8 kA / m to obtain fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation concentrate and fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation tailings; S10. Combine the coarse gravity concentrate with the fine magnetic concentrate to obtain the mineral to be processed; S11. The product uses sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, butyl xanthate as a collector, and 2% foaming agent. # The oil is subjected to desulfurization flotation of the minerals to be processed, yielding a sulfur rough concentrate and desulfurized tailings. The pH is adjusted to 6.0 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and the dosage of butyl xanthate as the collector is 150 g / t·feed. A frother of 2... # The oil usage is 30g / t·feed; S12. Using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, MOH as a collector, sodium fluorosilicate as a depressant, and diesel as an auxiliary collector, titanium roughing is carried out on desulfurization tailings to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings; wherein, sulfuric acid is used to adjust the pH to 4.0, the dosage of MOH as a collector is 3000 g / t·feed, the dosage of sodium fluorosilicate as a depressant is 1750 g / t·feed, and the dosage of diesel as an auxiliary collector is 200 g / t·feed. S13. Using collector MOH, titanium scavenging is performed on roughing tailings to obtain scavenged concentrate and flotation tailings; wherein, the scavenged concentrate is returned to titanium roughing, and the amount of collector MOH is 300 g / t·feed. S14. Titanium refining is performed on the roughing concentrate to obtain ilmenite concentrate, comprising: S141. The pH is adjusted to 3.5 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and a first-stage cleaning process is performed on the rougher concentrate to obtain a first-stage cleaned concentrate and a first-stage cleaned middlings; wherein, the first-stage cleaned middlings is returned to the titanium rougher. S142. The pH is adjusted to 3.0 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and a second-stage cleaning process is performed on the primary concentrate to obtain a second-stage clean concentrate and a second-stage middlings concentrate; wherein the second-stage middlings concentrate is returned to the primary concentrate. S143. The pH is adjusted to 2.5 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and the secondary concentrate is subjected to tertiary refining to obtain tertiary concentrate and tertiary middlings; wherein the tertiary middlings are returned to the secondary refining stage. S144. The pH is adjusted to 2.0 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and the three-stage concentrate is subjected to four-stage refining to obtain ilmenite concentrate and middlings from the four-stage refining; wherein the middlings from the four-stage refining are returned to the three-stage refining.

[0061] It should be noted that the gravity separation tailings in S3, the strong magnetic separation tailings in S4, the iron rough concentrate in S6, the coarse gravity separation tailings in S8, the fine strong magnetic separation tailings in S9, the sulfur rough concentrate in S12, and the flotation tailings in S13 are combined into the total tailings.

[0062] The results show that the beneficiation method provided in this embodiment can ultimately obtain ilmenite concentrate with a TiO2 grade of 47.53% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 26.12%, as well as total tailings with a TiO2 grade of 0.31% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 73.88%. Example 2

[0063] A method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits, wherein the raw ore is from inland lacustrine placer deposits in Xinjiang, with a TFe grade of 1.58% and a TiO2 grade of 0.42%.

[0064] The main process of the above-mentioned mineral processing method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. The raw ore is crushed to obtain crushed minerals with a particle size of -3mm (i.e., a composite sample of the raw ore). S2. Pre-classify the crushed minerals to obtain oversize minerals with a particle size of +0.5mm and undersize minerals with a particle size of -0.5mm; perform a first-stage grinding on the oversize minerals to obtain a first-stage grinding product with a particle size of -0.5mm, and return the obtained first-stage grinding product to the pre-classification. S3. The undersize minerals are subjected to gravity separation to obtain gravity concentrate and gravity tailings; S4. The gravity concentrate is subjected to high-intensity magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 875.6 kA / m to obtain high-intensity magnetic concentrate and high-intensity magnetic tailings; S5. The high-intensity magnetic separation concentrate is subjected to two-stage grinding to a grinding fineness of -0.074mm 60%, to obtain the two-stage grinding product; S6. The products from the second-stage grinding were subjected to weak magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 238.8 kA / m to obtain iron rough concentrate and iron tailings. S7. The iron ore tailings are classified to obtain coarse-grained minerals with a particle size of +0.038mm and fine-grained minerals with a particle size of -0.038mm; S8. Perform coarse-grained gravity separation on coarse-grained minerals to obtain coarse-grained gravity concentrate and coarse-grained gravity tailings; S9. Fine-grained minerals are subjected to fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 557.2 kA / m to obtain fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation concentrate and fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation tailings; S10. Combine the coarse gravity concentrate with the fine magnetic concentrate to obtain the mineral to be processed; S11. The product uses sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, butyl xanthate as a collector, and 2% foaming agent. # The oil is subjected to desulfurization flotation of the minerals to be processed, yielding a sulfur rough concentrate and desulfurized tailings. The pH is adjusted to 6.0 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and the dosage of butyl xanthate as the collector is 100 g / t·feed. A frother of 2... # The oil usage is 20g / t·feed; S12. Using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, MOH as a collector, sodium fluorosilicate as a depressant, and diesel as an auxiliary collector, titanium roughing is performed on desulfurization tailings to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings; wherein, sulfuric acid is used to adjust the pH to 4.0, the dosage of MOH as a collector is 2500 g / t·feed, the dosage of sodium fluorosilicate as a depressant is 1500 g / t·feed, and the dosage of diesel as an auxiliary collector is 100 g / t·feed. S13. Using collector MOH, titanium scavenging is performed on roughing tailings to obtain scavenged concentrate and flotation tailings; wherein, the scavenged concentrate is returned to titanium roughing, and the amount of collector MOH is 200 g / t·feed. S14. Titanium refining is performed on the roughing concentrate to obtain ilmenite concentrate, comprising: S141. The pH is adjusted to 3.5 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and a first-stage cleaning process is performed on the rougher concentrate to obtain a first-stage cleaned concentrate and a first-stage cleaned middlings; wherein, the first-stage cleaned middlings is returned to the titanium rougher. S142. The pH is adjusted to 3.0 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and a second-stage cleaning process is performed on the primary concentrate to obtain a second-stage clean concentrate and a second-stage middlings concentrate; wherein the second-stage middlings concentrate is returned to the primary concentrate. S143. The pH is adjusted to 2.5 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and the secondary concentrate is subjected to tertiary refining to obtain tertiary concentrate and tertiary middlings; wherein the tertiary middlings are returned to the secondary refining stage. S144. The pH is adjusted to 2.0 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and the three-stage concentrate is subjected to four-stage refining to obtain ilmenite concentrate and middlings from the four-stage refining; wherein the middlings from the four-stage refining are returned to the three-stage refining.

[0065] It should be noted that the gravity separation tailings in S3, the strong magnetic separation tailings in S4, the iron rough concentrate in S6, the coarse gravity separation tailings in S8, the fine strong magnetic separation tailings in S9, the sulfur rough concentrate in S12, and the flotation tailings in S13 are combined into the total tailings.

[0066] The results show that the beneficiation method provided in this embodiment can ultimately obtain ilmenite concentrate with a TiO2 grade of 47.83% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 23.93%, as well as total tailings with a TiO2 grade of 0.32% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 76.07%. Example 3

[0067] A method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits, wherein the raw ore to be selected comes from inland lacustrine placer deposits in Xinjiang, with a TFe grade of 1.58% and a TiO2 grade of 0.42%.

[0068] The main process of the above-mentioned mineral processing method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. The raw ore is crushed to obtain crushed minerals with a particle size of -3mm (i.e., a composite sample of the raw ore). S2. Pre-classify the crushed minerals to obtain oversize minerals with a particle size of +0.5mm and undersize minerals with a particle size of -0.5mm; perform a first-stage grinding on the oversize minerals to obtain a first-stage grinding product with a particle size of -0.5mm, and return the obtained first-stage grinding product to the pre-classification. S3. The undersize minerals are subjected to gravity separation to obtain gravity concentrate and gravity tailings; S4. The gravity concentrate is subjected to high-intensity magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 1034.8 kA / m to obtain high-intensity magnetic concentrate and high-intensity magnetic tailings; S5. The high-intensity magnetic separation concentrate is subjected to two-stage grinding to a grinding fineness of -0.074mm 70%, to obtain the two-stage grinding product; S6. The products from the second-stage grinding were subjected to weak magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 318.4 kA / m to obtain iron rough concentrate and iron tailings. S7. The iron ore tailings are classified to obtain coarse-grained minerals with a particle size of +0.038mm and fine-grained minerals with a particle size of -0.038mm; S8. Perform coarse-grained gravity separation on coarse-grained minerals to obtain coarse-grained gravity concentrate and coarse-grained gravity tailings; S9. Fine-grained minerals are subjected to fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 716.4 kA / m to obtain fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation concentrate and fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation tailings; S10. Combine the coarse gravity concentrate with the fine magnetic concentrate to obtain the mineral to be processed; S11. The product uses sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, butyl xanthate as a collector, and 2% foaming agent.# The oil is subjected to desulfurization flotation of the minerals to be processed, yielding a sulfur rough concentrate and desulfurized tailings. The pH is adjusted to 6.0 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and the dosage of butyl xanthate as the collector is 200 g / t·feed. A frother of 2... # The oil usage is 40g / t·feed; S12. Desulfurization tailings are subjected to titanium roughing using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, MOH as a collector, sodium fluorosilicate as a depressant, and diesel as an auxiliary collector to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings. Specifically, sulfuric acid is used to adjust the pH to 4.0, the dosage of MOH is 3000 g / t·feed, the dosage of sodium fluorosilicate is 2000 g / t·feed, and the dosage of diesel as an auxiliary collector is 200 g / t·feed. S13. Using collector MOH, titanium scavenging is performed on roughing tailings to obtain scavenged concentrate and flotation tailings; wherein, the scavenged concentrate is returned to titanium roughing, and the amount of collector MOH is 400 g / t·feed. S14. Titanium refining is performed on the roughing concentrate to obtain ilmenite concentrate, comprising: S141. The pH is adjusted to 3.5 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and a first-stage cleaning process is performed on the rougher concentrate to obtain a first-stage cleaned concentrate and a first-stage cleaned middlings; wherein, the first-stage cleaned middlings is returned to the titanium rougher. S142. The pH is adjusted to 3.0 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and a second-stage cleaning process is performed on the primary concentrate to obtain a second-stage clean concentrate and a second-stage middlings concentrate; wherein the second-stage middlings concentrate is returned to the primary concentrate. S143. The pH is adjusted to 2.5 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and the secondary concentrate is subjected to tertiary refining to obtain tertiary concentrate and tertiary middlings; wherein the tertiary middlings are returned to the secondary refining stage. S144. The pH is adjusted to 2.0 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster, and the three-stage concentrate is subjected to four-stage refining to obtain ilmenite concentrate and middlings from the four-stage refining; wherein the middlings from the four-stage refining are returned to the three-stage refining.

[0069] It should be noted that the gravity separation tailings in S3, the strong magnetic separation tailings in S4, the iron rough concentrate in S6, the coarse gravity separation tailings in S8, the fine strong magnetic separation tailings in S9, the sulfur rough concentrate in S12, and the flotation tailings in S13 are combined into the total tailings.

[0070] The results show that the beneficiation method provided in this embodiment can ultimately obtain ilmenite concentrate with a TiO2 grade of 47.28% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 28.31%, as well as total tailings with a TiO2 grade of 0.30% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 71.69%.

[0071] Compare with Example 1 Example 1 was compared with Comparative Example 1. The same raw ore was used in Comparative Example 1 and Example 1. The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that Comparative Example 1 uses the method described in Example 1 of Chinese Patent Document CN202410632215.9.

[0072] The results show that the beneficiation method provided in Comparative Example 1 can ultimately obtain titanium concentrate with a TiO2 grade of 47.09% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 12.29%, as well as total tailings with a TiO2 grade of 0.35% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 84.00%.

[0073] It can be seen that, compared with Example 1, the titanium concentrate obtained in Comparative Example 1 not only has a slightly lower TiO2 grade, but also a significantly lower TiO2 recovery rate, resulting in a large waste of titanium resources. This shows that the method described in Chinese patent document CN202410632215 is not applicable to inland lacustrine placer deposits.

[0074] Compare with Example 2 Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were compared. The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is as follows: 1) Replace S8 with: Perform coarse-grained high-intensity magnetic separation on coarse-grained minerals with a magnetic field strength of 636.8 kA / m to obtain coarse-grained high-intensity magnetic separation concentrate and coarse-grained high-intensity magnetic separation tailings; 2) Replace S9 with: Perform fine-grained gravity separation on fine-grained minerals to obtain fine-grained gravity concentrate and fine-grained gravity tailings; 3) Replace S10 with: Combine the fine-grained gravity concentrate with the coarse-grained strong magnetic concentrate to obtain the mineral to be processed; Other conditions, such as the raw ore used, the selection and dosage of reagents, and the remaining steps and parameters of the method, are the same as in Example 1 (compared to Example 1, this comparative example replaces coarse-grained gravity separation with coarse-grained strong magnetic separation and fine-grained strong magnetic separation with fine-grained gravity separation to demonstrate that the method disclosed herein is more effective).

[0075] The results showed that the beneficiation method provided in Comparative Example 2 could ultimately obtain ilmenite concentrate with a TiO2 grade of 46.37% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 18.85%, as well as total tailings with a TiO2 grade of 0.34% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 81.15%.

[0076] It can be seen that, compared with Example 1, the TiO2 grade and recovery rate in the ilmenite concentrate obtained in Comparative Example 2 are reduced, resulting in a waste of titanium resources. This is because: fine-grained minerals are separated by gravity separation. Due to the fine particle size of the ore, the separation efficiency in the hydraulic and mechanical separation processes of gravity separation equipment is reduced, which inevitably makes the recovery of fine-grained minerals in the ore difficult, thus leading to a decrease in the beneficiation effect; at the same time, coarse-grained minerals are separated by strong magnetic separation. Compared with gravity separation, this also leads to problems such as low recovery rate (i.e., high tailings), low concentrate grade (i.e., more inclusions) and high production cost.

[0077] Compare with Example 3 Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 were compared. The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is as follows: Replace S2~S3 with: perform a first-stage grinding on the crushed mineral to grind it to a particle size of -0.5mm, and then sieve it to obtain the undersize mineral with a particle size of -0.5mm; Other conditions, such as the raw ore used, the selection and dosage of reagents, and the remaining steps and parameters of the method, are the same as in Example 1 (this comparative example, compared to Example 1, did not perform pre-classification before pre-grinding, which is used to demonstrate that the method of this disclosure is more effective).

[0078] The results showed that the beneficiation method provided in Comparative Example 3 could ultimately obtain ilmenite concentrate with a TiO2 grade of 47.11% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 19.99%, as well as total tailings with a TiO2 grade of 0.34% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 80.01%.

[0079] It can be seen that, compared with Example 1, the TiO2 grade in the ilmenite concentrate obtained in Comparative Example 3 is slightly lower, and the TiO2 recovery rate is also significantly lower. This is because directly grinding the crushed minerals to a particle size of -0.5mm causes the ore in the already liberated fine sandstone to be ground again, which affects the subsequent separation effect of high specific gravity minerals and gangue minerals, ultimately leading to a decrease in the beneficiation effect.

[0080] Therefore, the method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland lacustrine placer deposits provided in this disclosure achieves at least the goal of efficiently recovering ilmenite from a new type of inland lacustrine placer deposit, obtaining high-grade and high-recovery-rate ilmenite concentrate, and ultimately realizing the efficient recovery and utilization of titanium resources.

[0081] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure. It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this disclosure should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently recovering ilmenite from inland fluvial and lacustrine placer deposits, characterized in that, include: The inland lacustrine placer deposits are pretreated to dissociate them, yielding pretreated minerals. The pretreated minerals are subjected to gravity separation to obtain gravity concentrate and gravity tailings; The gravity concentrate is subjected to high-intensity magnetic separation to obtain high-intensity magnetic concentrate and high-intensity magnetic tailings; The high-intensity magnetic separation concentrate is ground to obtain the grinding product; The grinding products are subjected to weak magnetic separation to obtain iron rough concentrate and iron tailings; The iron tailings are classified to obtain coarse-grained minerals and fine-grained minerals; The coarse-grained minerals are subjected to coarse-grained gravity separation to obtain coarse-grained gravity concentrate and coarse-grained gravity tailings; The fine-grained minerals are subjected to fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation to obtain fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation concentrate and fine-grained high-intensity magnetic separation tailings; The coarse-grained gravity concentrate and the fine-grained strong magnetic concentrate are combined to obtain the mineral to be processed; as well as The minerals to be selected are subjected to flotation to obtain ilmenite concentrate, sulfur rough concentrate and flotation tailings.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned inland lacustrine placer deposits, the grade of TFe is not less than 1.20%, and the grade of TiO2 is not less than 0.30%.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment of the inland lacustrine placer deposits to dissociate them and obtain pretreated minerals includes: The inland lacustrine placer deposits were crushed to obtain crushed minerals. The crushed minerals are pre-classified to obtain oversize and undersize minerals; and The minerals on the sieve are pre-ground to obtain pre-ground mineral products; The pre-ground mineral product is returned to the pre-classification process; the undersized minerals are used as the pre-treated minerals.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The pretreated minerals have a particle size of -0.5 mm.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic separator is 875.6~1034.8 kA / m.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight percentage of minerals with a particle size of -0.074 mm in the grinding product is 60% to 70%.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field strength of the weak magnetic separation is 238.8~318.4 kA / m.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fine-grained mineral has a particle size of -0.038 mm.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field strength of the fine-particle high-intensity magnetic separator is 557.2~716.4 kA / m.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of flotation of the minerals to be processed to obtain ilmenite concentrate, sulfur rough concentrate, and flotation tailings includes: The minerals to be processed are subjected to desulfurization flotation to obtain the sulfur rough concentrate and desulfurization tailings; and The desulfurization tailings are subjected to titanium flotation to obtain the ilmenite concentrate and the flotation tailings.

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