A dry mineral processing method and apparatus for recovering a single metal ore

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of mineral processing equipment, specifically disclosing a dry beneficiation method and apparatus for recovering single-metal ores. The mined single-metal ore is fed into a crushing assembly for coarse crushing followed by medium and fine crushing, bringing the ore particle size to a suitable feed size range for the dry separation equipment. For the coarser-grained ore, a dry gravity separation device is used for pre-selection, leveraging the density difference between valuable minerals and gangue minerals to achieve initial aggregation of valuable minerals in the coarse-grained ore and discarding some tailings. An ultrafine grinding device and a fine powder screen are used in a closed-circuit operation to obtain ultrafine-grained ore. Intensive separation is then performed using airflow separation and combined gravity separation dry separation methods to improve the recovery rate of valuable minerals and the concentrate grade in the ultrafine-grained ore. The ultrafine grinding device is a vertical roller mill. This addresses the problem of existing technologies requiring large equipment footprints during ore screening, leading to high equipment and energy costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing equipment, and in particular to a dry mineral processing method and apparatus for recovering single metal ores. Background Technology

[0002] Current metal ore beneficiation processes are mainly wet beneficiation, which typically requires large amounts of industrial water and the construction of supporting systems such as grinding, classification, concentration, and tailings dams. This presents the following problems: 1. In arid, water-scarce, or high-altitude areas, the high cost of water acquisition and transportation restricts project implementation; 2. Wet mineral processing systems have complex processes, high investment costs, and high operation and maintenance costs; 3. The construction and operation of tailings dams pose significant safety and environmental risks; 4. Traditional dry beneficiation methods are mostly limited to coarse pre-selection, with insufficient recovery rate and stability, making it difficult to form a complete industrial process.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dry mineral processing method that does not rely on water resources, can achieve stable recovery across the entire particle size range, and takes into account both economic efficiency and engineering feasibility.

[0004] The existing invention patent with publication number 200510136694.2 discloses a dry vibrating high-gradient magnetic separator, which is a dry continuous electromagnetic mineral separation equipment suitable for iron removal and purification of non-metallic minerals. By employing vibrating feeding, continuous vibrating separation, and vibrating discharge of magnetic materials, magnetic and non-magnetic minerals are separated under the action of gravity, magnetic force, and vibration, realizing a continuous production process of dry high-intensity magnetic separation for fine-grained weakly magnetic minerals. This device can extract minerals without a water source.

[0005] Although the device separates the ore through vibration and other methods, the ore is usually quite large, making it unsuitable for screening. Existing crushing and screening processes are carried out as a complete production line, which requires a large area and has high equipment costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a dry mineral processing method and apparatus for recovering single metal ores, in order to solve the problem that existing technologies require large equipment footprints during ore screening, resulting in high equipment and energy costs.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides the following technical solution: A dry mineral processing method for recovering a single metal ore specifically includes the following steps: S1: The mined single metal ore is fed into the crushing assembly for coarse crushing and then medium and fine crushing to make the ore particle size reach the appropriate feed size range of the dry separation equipment. S2: The crushed ore is processed by a multi-stage screening system to classify it into several ore products of different particle sizes, which are then fed into the corresponding dry separation process. S3: Use dry gravity separation equipment to pre-select coarse-grained ore. Based on the density difference between useful minerals and gangue minerals, the useful minerals in the coarse-grained ore are initially aggregated, and some tailings are discarded. S4: Ultrafine ore is obtained by closed-circuit operation using an ultrafine grinding device and a fine powder screen. Enhanced separation is carried out by airflow separation, compound gravity separation and dry separation methods to improve the recovery rate of useful minerals and concentrate grade in ultrafine ore. The ultrafine grinding device is a vertical roller mill.

[0008] The basic principles and beneficial effects of the scheme are as follows: 1. The entire process, from crushing and screening to separation, adopts a dry method, which does not require water treatment, avoids water consumption and tailings water pollution, and is suitable for arid and water-scarce areas or mining areas with high environmental protection requirements. 2. Pre-classification and pre-selection of tailings to reduce subsequent load: Through multi-stage screening in S2 and coarse-grained gravity pre-selection in S3, different particle sizes of ore are processed separately, and some tailings are discarded in the early stage, which significantly reduces the amount of material entering the fine grinding and enhanced separation stages, thereby reducing energy consumption and equipment wear. 3. High efficiency of coarse-grained gravity separation: Dry gravity separation of coarse-grained ores is carried out by utilizing density differences. The equipment is simple and low-cost, and can effectively achieve the initial enrichment of useful minerals. 4. Enhanced fine-particle separation to improve recovery rate and grade: Using a vertical roller mill for ultrafine grinding, combined with dry enhancement methods such as airflow separation and compound gravity separation, can effectively dissociate and recover useful minerals in ultrafine particles, thereby improving concentrate grade and total recovery rate. 5. Closed-circuit grinding and screening for precise particle size control: The S4 ultrafine grinding device and fine powder screen form a closed-circuit operation to ensure that the product particle size is uniform and qualified, creating favorable conditions for subsequent sorting. 6. Highly adaptable to single metal ores: This process is specifically designed for single metal ores, with a combination of coarse crushing, ultrafine grinding, and various sorting methods that can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different ore properties.

[0009] A dry mineral processing device for recovering a single metal ore includes a crushing component and a main cylinder. The crushing component is located inside the main cylinder and includes a crushing component and a grinding component. The crushing component is located above the grinding component. A drive component is connected inside the main cylinder and drives the crushing component and the grinding component to operate. The main cylinder is connected to a screening component, which is located below the grinding component.

[0010] Basic principle: The mined raw ore is first placed on the crushing component. After being crushed, the raw ore falls onto the screening component for screening and grading. Both the crushing and screening components are driven by the drive component, which reduces energy costs and reduces the site area.

[0011] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. Integrated design and compact process: The three major functions of crushing, grinding and screening are integrated into the same main cylinder, reducing the equipment footprint and material transfer links.

[0012] 2. Gravity-assisted feeding, energy saving and consumption reduction: The crushing component is located above the grinding component. The crushed ore can fall directly onto the grinding component by gravity without the need for additional conveying power.

[0013] 3. Multi-purpose drive, reducing costs: A single drive component can simultaneously drive the crushing and grinding components, reducing the number of power components such as motors, thereby reducing equipment manufacturing costs and operating energy consumption.

[0014] 4. Timely screening to avoid over-grinding: The screening component is located below the grinding component, so that the fine ore is immediately screened and separated after grinding, preventing qualified materials from being over-grinded and improving production efficiency.

[0015] 5. Continuous process and high degree of automation: From coarse crushing to fine grinding and then to screening, a continuous operation chain is formed, which facilitates automated control and improves the overall mineral processing efficiency. Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes: a rotating rod, a first roller, a pressure plate, and an elastic element. One end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the driving assembly. A groove is provided on one side of the pressure plate. The other end of the rotating rod is slidably connected to the groove. One end of the elastic element is connected to the groove, and the other end is connected to the rotating rod. One end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the first roller. The first roller rolls on the grinding assembly. A crusher is connected to the upper part of the main cylinder.

[0016] Working principle: The drive component drives the rotating rod and the first roller to rotate. At this time, the first roller and the upper roller of the grinding component drive the rotating rod and the pressure plate to rotate. The pressure plate further crushes the ore, while the rotating rod can move to one side of the pressure plate, so that the rotating rod will not be raised when the pressure plate is flipped. The elastic element can reset the pressure plate.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The rollers roll on the grinding assembly, causing the pressure plate to swing and crush the ore. The elastic element causes the rotating rod to automatically reset. The structure is simple and the crushing efficiency is high.

[0018] Furthermore, the grinding assembly includes a fixed disk and a rotating disk. The fixed disk is connected to the main body cylinder. The lower part of the fixed disk is concave. The rotating disk has an opening in the middle. The driving component is fixedly connected to the rotating disk. The rotating disk and the fixed disk correspond to each other to grind the ore.

[0019] Working principle: When the ore enters the gap from the inlet, it is squeezed by the rotating disk and the fixed disk. The rotation of the rotating disk grinds the ore, and the ore gradually moves towards the edge of the gap. The gap at the edge of the gap decreases to further grind the ore.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The concave design of the fixed disc facilitates the direct sliding of ore after grinding, while the central opening of the rotating disc allows the ore to smoothly enter the grinding zone, resulting in a smooth grinding process.

[0021] Furthermore, a gap is left between the rotating disk and the fixed disk, and the gap gradually decreases in the direction of the main body cylinder.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The ore is gradually ground fine as it moves along the gap, the particle size is controllable, and it eventually falls off automatically, avoiding material jamming.

[0023] Furthermore, the upper part of the fixed disk is concave, a force-bearing plate is connected to the opening and the inner diameter of the opening is smaller than the diameter of the force-bearing plate, the driving component is rotatably connected to the force-bearing plate, and the first roller rolls on the force-bearing plate.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The ore falls directly onto the load-bearing plate, allowing for concentrated processing; the concave fixed plate concentrates the ore as it falls onto the load-bearing plate, and the first roller rolls on the load-bearing plate to assist in crushing. At the same time, the drive component rotates the load-bearing plate, achieving linkage.

[0025] Furthermore, the screening component includes a filter screen and a screen cleaning component. The driving component drives the filter screen to rotate. One end of the screen cleaning component is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main body cylinder. The main body cylinder has an outlet, which corresponds to the filter screen.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The rotating filter screen, combined with the fixed screen cleaning component, automatically clears blockages, and the wedge-shaped edge facilitates the entry of unscreened ore into the discharge outlet, achieving continuous screening and discharge.

[0027] Furthermore, the filter screen has multiple layers, and each of the multiple filter screens is provided with a cleaning component at the top. The discharge outlet has multiple outlets, each corresponding to one of the multiple filter screens.

[0028] Beneficial effects: It can simultaneously subdivide ore into multiple particle size levels, perform grading processing, and improve sorting accuracy and efficiency.

[0029] Furthermore, the screen cleaning component includes: a fixed frame, a second roller, a rotating roller, a telescopic rod, and a probe rod. The fixed frame is fixedly connected to the inner side of the main body cylinder. One side of the second roller is rotatably connected to the fixed frame and the second roller rolls on the filter screen. The other side of the second roller is fixedly connected to the rotating roller. The rotating roller has an arc-shaped groove. The telescopic rod is located in the arc-shaped groove. The probe rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod.

[0030] Working principle: When ore falls onto the filter screen, the drive component causes the filter screen to rotate. At this time, the ore stuck on the filter screen comes into contact with the probe rod, thus clearing the ore blockage.

[0031] Beneficial effects: The rotation of the filter screen drives the roller to rotate, and the telescopic rod moves along the arc groove to periodically insert the probe into the filter screen holes to clean the stuck particles. The screen cleaning is thorough and the operation is automatic.

[0032] Furthermore, a third roller is connected to one side of the fixing frame, and a brush is connected to one side of the third roller.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The third roller rotates with the filter screen, causing the brush to rotate and brush up the minerals that are adhering to or accumulated on the filter screen, assisting in cleaning the screen and preventing clogging. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A flowchart for inventing a dry mineral processing method for recovering a single metal ore; Figure 2 A front view of a mineral processing apparatus for dry recovery of a single metal ore; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a dry mineral processing device for recovering a single metal ore; Figure 4 An enlarged view of components such as the first roller in a dry mineral processing device for recovering a single metal ore; Figure 5 An enlarged view of components such as probe rods in a dry mineral processing device for recovering a single metal ore; Figure 6 This is a partial view of components such as the pressure plate in a dry mineral processing device for recovering a single metal ore.

[0035] Figure label: 1. Crushing assembly; 11. Pressure plate; 12. Rotating rod; 13. First roller; 14. Slide groove; 15. Elastic element; 16. Crusher; 2. Main cylinder; 3. Grinding assembly; 31. Fixed plate; 32. Rotating plate; 33. Through port; 34. Gap; 4. Screening assembly; 41. Filter screen; 42. Screen cleaning component; 421. Fixed frame; 422. Second roller; 423. Rotating roller; 424. Probing rod; 425. Arc groove; 426. Telescopic rod; 5. Discharge port; 6. Brush; 7. Force plate; 8. Third roller; 9. Drive assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example 1: like Figure 1-6 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a dry mineral processing method for recovering a single metal ore, which specifically includes the following steps: S1: The mined single metal ore is fed into crushing component 1 for coarse crushing and then medium and fine crushing, so that the ore particle size reaches the appropriate feed size range of the dry separation equipment.

[0037] S2: The crushed ore is processed by a multi-stage screening system to classify it into several ore products of different particle sizes, which are then sent to the corresponding dry separation process.

[0038] S3: For coarser-grained ores, a dry gravity separator is used for pre-selection. Based on the density difference between valuable minerals and gangue minerals, the valuable minerals in the coarse-grained ores are initially aggregated, and some tailings are discarded. Fine-grained ores can also be separated using a fine coal jigging dry separator to further discard some tailings.

[0039] S4: Ultrafine ore is obtained through closed-circuit operation using an ultrafine grinding device and a fine powder screen. This part is an integrated setup (not shown in the text). Enhanced separation is achieved using airflow separation, combined gravity separation, and dry separation methods to improve the recovery rate of valuable minerals and concentrate grade in the ultrafine ore. The ultrafine grinding device is a vertical roller mill.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: The entire process, from crushing and screening to sorting, is carried out in a dry manner, requiring no water treatment, thus avoiding water consumption and tailings water pollution. It is suitable for arid and water-scarce areas or mining areas with high environmental protection requirements.

[0041] Pre-classification and pre-selection of tailings reduce subsequent load: Through multi-stage screening in S2 and coarse-grained gravity pre-selection in S3, different particle sizes of ore are processed separately, and some tailings are discarded in the early stage, which significantly reduces the amount of material entering the fine grinding and enhanced separation stages, thereby reducing energy consumption and equipment wear.

[0042] High efficiency of coarse-grained gravity separation: Dry gravity separation of coarse-grained ores is carried out by utilizing density differences. The equipment is simple and low-cost, and it can effectively achieve the initial enrichment of useful minerals.

[0043] Enhanced fine-grained separation improves recovery rate and grade: Vertical roller mills are used for ultrafine grinding, combined with dry enhancement methods such as airflow separation and compound gravity separation, which can effectively dissociate and recover useful minerals in ultrafine particles, thereby improving concentrate grade and overall recovery rate.

[0044] Closed-circuit grinding and screening ensures precise particle size control: The S4 ultrafine grinding unit and fine powder screen work in a closed circuit to ensure that the product particle size is uniform and qualified, creating favorable conditions for subsequent sorting.

[0045] Highly adaptable and designed for single metal ores: This process is specifically designed for single metal ores, with a combination of coarse crushing to ultrafine grinding and various sorting methods that can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different ore properties.

[0046] Example 2: like Figure 2-5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a dry mineral processing device for recovering a single metal ore, including a crushing component 1 and a main cylinder 2. The crushing component 1 is located inside the main cylinder 2 to coarsely grind, then medium grind, and finally finely grind the ore to meet testing requirements. Integrating the crushing component 1 into a single unit reduces the floor space required, and the integrated power source for the crushing component 1 also reduces power costs.

[0047] The crushing component 1 includes a crushing component and a grinding component 3. The crushing component crushes the ore, and then the grinding component 3 grinds the ore into finer particles.

[0048] The crushing component is located above the grinding component 3, allowing the crushed ore to fall onto the grinding component 3 for grinding, thus improving work efficiency. A drive component 9 is connected inside the main cylinder 2, which can simultaneously drive both the crushing component and the grinding component 3. The drive component can be a motor. By driving both the crushing component and the grinding component 3, the drive component 9 reduces both material and energy costs.

[0049] The main cylinder 2 is connected to a screening component 4, which is located below the grinding component 3. The ground fine ore is screened by the screening component 4. This integrates crushing and screening into a centralized process, further reducing the footprint of the equipment and avoiding the need for excessive floor space in assembly line operations.

[0050] The working principle of Example 2 is explained in detail below: The ore is placed into the crushing component 1, where it is first crushed, resulting in coarse and medium ore. The medium ore then falls onto the grinding component 3 and is ground into fine ore. The fine ore then falls onto the screening component 4 to be screened to determine its grade.

[0051] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: compact structure and small footprint: the crushing component 1 is integrated into the main cylinder 2, and the screening component 4 is also located in the same cylinder, realizing the integration of crushing, grinding and screening, avoiding the dispersed layout of multiple equipment in traditional assembly line operations, and greatly reducing the footprint.

[0052] Multi-purpose drive, energy saving and cost reduction: The single drive component 9 drives both the crushing component and the grinding component 3, reducing the number of power components such as motors, and lowering the equipment manufacturing cost and operating energy consumption.

[0053] Gravity-driven flow, high efficiency: The crushing component is located above the grinding component 3. The crushed ore can fall directly onto the grinding component 3 by gravity without the need for an additional conveying device, which improves the continuity of operation and work efficiency.

[0054] Graded processing with a smooth flow: The ore passes through coarse crushing, medium crushing (crushing component), fine grinding (grinding component 3), and screening (screening component 4) in sequence, forming a continuous closed-loop process to ensure that the ore is gradually refined and finally separated according to grade, avoiding over-grinding or under-grinding.

[0055] Centralized control and easy maintenance: All core processes are concentrated in the main cylinder 2, with a unified power source, simplifying the control system and facilitating daily operation and maintenance.

[0056] Example 3: like Figure 2-3 As shown, the crushing assembly includes: a rotating rod 12, a first roller 13, a pressure plate 11, and an elastic element 15. One end of the rotating rod 12 is rotatably connected to the drive assembly 9, allowing the drive assembly 9 to drive the rotating rod 12 to rotate horizontally. A groove 14 is provided on one side of the pressure plate 11, and one side of the pressure plate 11 is arc-shaped while the other side is horizontal, to crush the ore. The horizontal side may also have anti-slip stripes to prevent the ore from sliding.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the other end of the rotating rod 12 is slidably connected to the slide groove 14, so that the rotating rod 12 can slide in the slide groove 14 to facilitate the flipping of the pressure plate 11; one end of the elastic element 15 is connected to the slide groove 14 and the other end of the elastic element 15 is connected to the rotating rod 12, so that the rotating rod 12 can be reset after being subjected to force.

[0058] One end of the rotating rod 12 is fixedly connected to the first roller 13. The first roller 13 can drive the rotating rod 12 and the pressure plate 11 to rotate, thereby crushing the ore. The first roller 13 rolls on the grinding assembly 3 to drive the rotating rod 12 to rotate. A crusher 16 is connected to the upper part of the main cylinder 2. The crusher 16 crushes the coarse ore, and the ore falls into the crushing assembly for further crushing. The crusher 16 can be a jaw crusher.

[0059] like Figure 3-6 As shown, the grinding assembly 3 includes a fixed disk 31 and a rotating disk 32, forming a structure similar to a grinding disc to grind the ore. The fixed disk 31 is connected to the main body cylinder 2, and its lower part is concave, allowing the ore to slide directly down after grinding. The rotating disk 32 has an opening 33 in the middle, allowing the ore to fall into the rotating disk 32 for grinding. A driving component is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 32, driving the rotating disk 32 to rotate. The rotating disk 32 corresponds to the fixed disk 31 to grind the ore.

[0060] The upper part of the fixed disk 31 is concave, causing the ore to fall onto the force plate 7 in a concentrated manner, and then be crushed by the pressure plate 11. The force plate 7 is connected to the opening 33, and the inner diameter of the opening 33 is smaller than the diameter of the force plate 7, allowing the ore to fall along the opening 33 to the gap 34 to be ground by the rotating disk 32. The driving component is rotatably connected to the force plate 7, preventing the force plate 7 from rotating. The first roller 13 rolls on the force plate 7, and its rotation drives the rotation of the first roller 13.

[0061] The working principle of Example 3 is described in detail below: The raw ore is placed into the crusher 16, where it is initially crushed into medium-coarse ore. The medium-coarse ore falls onto the force plate 7, and the drive assembly 9 rotates, causing the rotating rod 12 to rotate horizontally. Simultaneously, the first roller 13 rotates horizontally, driving the rotating rod 12 to rotate as well. As the rotating rod 12 rotates, it causes the pressure plate 11 to flip, crushing the ore. While the pressure plate 11 rotates, the rotating rod 12 applies pressure towards the elastic element 15. At this time, the rotating rod 12 is positioned at one end of the slide groove 14. The rotating rod 12 remains horizontal while the pressure plate 11 flips, allowing the pressure plate 11 to rotate. The crushed ore falls out of the outlet 33, where it is located in the gap 34 and is contacted by the fixed disk 31 and the rotating disk 32. The rotating disk 32 rotates to grind the ore. The ground ore slides along the gap 34 to be further ground by the rotating disk 32, so that the ore meets the detection requirements of the screening component 4.

[0062] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: multi-stage crushing and grinding with controllable particle size progression: the jaw crusher performs coarse crushing (16), the pressure plate (11) performs medium crushing, and the rotating disc (32) performs fine grinding. The particle size of the ore is gradually reduced to meet the screening requirements, avoiding over-grinding or under-grinding at one time.

[0063] The crushing structure of the pressure plate 11 is ingenious: the drive component 9 drives the rotating rod 12 to rotate horizontally, and the first roller 13 rolls on the force plate 7, so that the pressure plate 11 periodically flips to crush the ore; with the help of the elastic element 15 to automatically reset, continuous and efficient crushing operation is achieved.

[0064] Anti-slip stripes (not shown in the text) improve crushing effect: Anti-slip stripes are provided on the horizontal surface of the pressure plate 11 to prevent the ore from sliding during crushing, thereby improving crushing efficiency and safety.

[0065] Gravity-assisted feeding ensures a smooth process: after coarse crushing by crusher 16, the ore falls directly onto the load-bearing plate 7; after compression, the ore falls through the through-hole 33 into the grinding gap 34; after grinding, the ore automatically slides down the concave surface. The entire process relies on gravity conveying, requiring no additional power.

[0066] The design of the fixed plate 31 with its concave inner diameter and the force plate 7 ensures centralized feeding: the upper part of the fixed plate 31 is concave so that the ore falls into the force plate 7 in a concentrated manner. The inner diameter of the opening 33 is smaller than the diameter of the force plate 7, which ensures that the crushed ore can smoothly enter the grinding gap 34 and avoid blockage.

[0067] The gap 34 gradually narrows, resulting in uniform grinding: The gap 34 between the rotating disk 32 and the fixed disk 31 gradually narrows along the direction of the main cylinder 2, and the ore is gradually ground finer during the movement, resulting in uniform particle size and automatic discharge.

[0068] The force plate 7 is fixed and does not rotate, while the roller rolls stably: the driving component drives the rotating disk 32 to rotate, while the force plate 7 remains fixed, and the first roller 13 rolls smoothly on it, ensuring the rhythm and reliability of the pressure plate 11 flipping.

[0069] Integrated design with a small footprint: Crushing, grinding, and screening are all concentrated inside the main cylinder 2, resulting in a compact process that facilitates automated control and maintenance. Example 4: like Figure 3-6 As shown, the screening component 4 includes a filter screen 41 and a screen cleaning component 42. The filter screen 41 is used to screen fine ores, and the screen cleaning component 42 is used to clean the ores stuck on the filter screen 41. The driving component drives the filter screen 41 to rotate, and one end of the screen cleaning component 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main cylinder 2, so that when the filter screen 41 rotates, the ores come into contact with the screen cleaning component 42 and are cleaned.

[0070] like Figure 4-6 As shown, the edge of the filter screen 41 is wedge-shaped, which facilitates the entry of unscreened ore into the discharge port 5. The main body cylinder 2 has a discharge port 5, which corresponds to the filter screen 41, and the unscreened ore enters the discharge port 5.

[0071] The filter screen 41 has multiple layers, and each layer of filter screen 41 is equipped with a cleaning component 42, which can further subdivide the ore into multiple grades for processing. There are multiple discharge outlets 5, each corresponding to one of the multiple layers of filter screen 41, and pipes can be connected to the discharge outlets 5 to collect the ore.

[0072] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the screen cleaning component 42 includes: a fixed frame 421, a second roller 422, a rotating roller 423, a telescopic rod 426, and a probe rod 424. The fixed frame 421 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the main body cylinder 2 and is in a stationary state. One side of the fixed frame 421 is wedge-shaped and fits against the filter screen 41 to scoop up the ore on the filter screen 41.

[0073] The second roller 422 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 421 on one side and rolls on the filter screen 41. The second roller 422 drives the rotating roller 423 to rotate, and multiple rotating rollers 423 can be coaxially connected to rotate together. This allows the rotating roller 423 to cover the entire filter screen 41, and the probe 424 can extend into more filter holes to clear the filter screen 41. The other side of the second roller 422 is fixedly connected to the rotating roller 423, which has an arc-shaped groove 425. The telescopic rod 426 is located in the arc-shaped groove 425, and the probe 424 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 426, allowing the probe 424 to return to its original position after being subjected to force. This allows the probe 424 to adjust its angle as it rotates with the rotating roller 423 after being inserted into the holes of the filter screen 41, making it easy to pull out the probe 424.

[0074] A third roller 8 is connected to one side of the fixed frame 421, and a brush 6 is connected to one side of the third roller 8. The third roller 8 contacts the filter screen 41, thereby driving the brush 6 to brush up the ore.

[0075] The working principle of Embodiment 4 is explained in detail below: When ore falls onto the filter screen 41, the drive assembly 9 drives the filter screen 41 to rotate. At this time, the ore on the filter screen 41 is scooped up by the fixing frame 421, initially removing the ore. The third roller 8 contacts the filter screen 41, and the third roller 8 drives the brush 6 to rotate, brushing up some of the ore remaining on the surface of the filter screen 41. When the second roller 422 rotates, it drives the rotating roller 423 to rotate, and the probe 424 rotates accordingly. The probe 424 extends into the hole of the filter screen 41 to poke out the blocked ore. When the rotating roller 423 rotates horizontally, the probe 424 is located slightly above the filter screen 41 at an angle. As the rotating roller 423 continues to rotate, the probe 424 slides in the arc groove 425. When the probe 424 comes into contact with the arc groove 425, the probe 424 stops moving and is pulled out. The probe rod 424 can slide within the arc-shaped groove 425 to increase the time the probe rod 424 spends in the holes of the filter screen 41, thus facilitating the removal of ore. At this time, the ore that has not been screened enters the discharge outlet 5 and is discharged, while the fine ore finally falls into the bottom of the main cylinder 2 and is discharged.

[0076] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: the multi-layer filter screen 41, together with the corresponding discharge port 5 and the screen cleaning component 42, can subdivide the ore into multiple grades according to particle size, and achieve precise grading processing.

[0077] The filter screen 41 has a wedge-shaped edge, which facilitates the smooth entry of unscreened ore into the discharge outlet 5, preventing material accumulation and clogging. One side of the fixing frame 421 is wedge-shaped and fits against the filter screen 41; as the filter screen 41 rotates, it automatically scrapes up the surface ore, achieving initial cleaning. The third roller 8 drives the brush 6 to rotate, brushing up any residual or adhered ore, further improving the cleanliness of the screen. The rotating roller 423 drives the probe 424 to periodically extend into the holes of the filter screen 41, dislodging ore stuck in the holes and effectively preventing clogging.

[0078] The probe rod 424 slides in the arc groove 425 and cooperates with the telescopic rod 426, which can extend the dwell time of the probe rod 424 in the hole and improve the unblocking effect; at the same time, the telescopic rod 426 makes the probe rod 424 automatically reset after being subjected to force.

[0079] Multiple rotating rollers 423 are coaxially connected, allowing the probe 424 to cover more filter holes, resulting in a wide and uniform cleaning range. The entire process is interconnected, requiring no additional power: the cleaning component 42 relies on the rotation of the filter screen 41 to drive the rollers, eliminating the need for independent drive, thus saving energy and featuring a compact structure.

[0080] Continuous operation with a high degree of automation: The entire process of feeding, screening, screen cleaning, and discharging is carried out automatically and continuously, improving production efficiency.

[0081] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. The invention is not limited to the fields covered by these embodiments. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are able to access all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A dry mineral processing method for recovering a single metal ore, specifically comprising the following steps: S1: The single metal ore obtained from mining is fed into the crushing component (1) for coarse crushing and then medium and fine crushing, so that the ore particle size reaches the appropriate feed particle size range of the dry separation equipment. S2: The crushed ore is processed by a multi-stage screening system to classify it into several ore products of different particle sizes, which are then fed into the corresponding dry separation process. S3: Use dry gravity separation equipment to pre-select coarse-grained ore. Based on the density difference between useful minerals and gangue minerals, the useful minerals in the coarse-grained ore are initially aggregated, and some tailings are discarded. S4: Ultrafine ore is obtained by closed-circuit operation using an ultrafine grinding device and a fine powder screen. Enhanced separation is carried out by airflow separation, compound gravity separation and dry separation methods to improve the recovery rate of useful minerals and the grade of concentrate in ultrafine ore.

2. A dry mineral processing device for recovering a single metal ore, comprising a crushing component (1) and a main cylinder (2), wherein the crushing component (1) is located inside the main cylinder (2), characterized in that, The main body cylinder (2) is connected to a grinding component (3), the crushing component (1) is located above the grinding component (3), and the main body cylinder (2) is connected to a driving component (9), which drives the crushing component (1) and the grinding component (3) to operate. The main body cylinder (2) is connected to a screening component (4), and the screening component (4) is located below the grinding component (3).

3. The mineral processing device for dry recovery of a single metal ore according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crushing assembly (1) includes: a rotating rod (12), a first roller (13), a pressure plate (11), and an elastic element (15). One end of the rotating rod (12) is rotatably connected to the driving assembly (9). A sliding groove (14) is provided on one side of the pressure plate (11). The other end of the rotating rod (12) is slidably connected to the sliding groove (14). One end of the elastic element (15) is connected to the sliding groove (14), and the other end of the elastic element (15) is connected to the rotating rod (12). One end of the rotating rod (12) is fixedly connected to the first roller (13). The first roller (13) rolls above the grinding assembly (3). A crusher (16) is connected to the upper part of the main cylinder (2).

4. A mineral processing device for dry recovery of a single metal ore according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grinding assembly (3) includes a fixed disk (31) and a rotating disk (32). The fixed disk (31) is connected to the main body cylinder (2). The lower part of the fixed disk (31) is concave. The rotating disk (32) has an opening (33) in the middle. The driving component is fixedly connected to the rotating disk (32). The rotating disk (32) corresponds to the fixed disk (31) to grind the ore.

5. A mineral processing device for dry recovery of a single metal ore according to claim 4, characterized in that, A gap (34) is left between the rotating disk (32) and the fixed disk (31), and the gap (34) gradually narrows in the direction of the main body cylinder (2).

6. A mineral processing device for dry recovery of a single metal ore according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper part of the fixed plate (31) is concave, and the force plate (7) is connected to the opening (33) and the inner diameter of the opening (33) is smaller than the diameter of the force plate (7). The driving component is rotatably connected to the force plate (7), and the first roller (13) rolls on the force plate (7).

7. A mineral processing device for dry recovery of a single metal ore according to claim 2, characterized in that, The screening component (4) includes a filter screen (41) and a screen cleaning component (42). The driving component drives the filter screen (41) to rotate. One end of the screen cleaning component (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main body cylinder (2). The main body cylinder (2) has an outlet (5) which corresponds to the filter screen (41).

8. A mineral processing apparatus for dry recovery of a single metal ore according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filter (41) has multiple layers and each of the multiple filter (41) is provided with a cleaning component (42) on the upper part. The outlet (5) has multiple outlets that correspond to the multiple filter (41).

9. A mineral processing device for dry recovery of a single metal ore according to claim 7, characterized in that, The screen cleaning component (42) includes: a fixed frame (421), a second roller (422), a rotating roller (423), a telescopic rod (426), and a probe rod (424). The fixed frame (421) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the main body cylinder (2). One side of the second roller (422) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (421) and the second roller (422) rolls on the filter screen (41). The other side of the second roller (422) is fixedly connected to the rotating roller (423). The rotating roller (423) has an arc-shaped groove (425). The telescopic rod (426) is located in the arc-shaped groove (425). The probe rod (424) is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod (426).

10. A mineral processing apparatus for dry recovery of a single metal ore according to claim 9, characterized in that, A third roller (8) is connected to one side of the fixing frame (421), and a brush (6) is connected to one side of the third roller (8).

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