A deep sorting and recycling equipment for scrap steel tailings

Abstract

This invention discloses a deep sorting and recycling device for scrap steel tailings, belonging to the field of scrap steel recycling. It includes a support frame; a conveyor belt for transporting materials is mounted on the support frame; a gantry frame is mounted on the support frame above the conveyor belt, and a metal detector and sorting nozzles are mounted on the gantry frame; a transparent protective cover covering the surface of the metal detector is detachably installed on the gantry frame; the active heating of the magnetic extension tube by a high-frequency induction coil can rapidly soften and melt the adhering sludge, combined with the high-speed rotational centrifugal force driven by the oblique airflow guide groove, and the axial high-frequency impact vibration generated by the interaction of the ball bearings and wedge blocks, which can peel off and discharge stubborn scale inside and outside the extension tube; simultaneously, the end uses a linear rectifier blade made of a thermosensitive shape memory alloy, which can generate peeling stress through morphological abrupt changes under temperature rise to remove hardened scale on the blade surface, and, in conjunction with the rectification structure, recalibrates the swirling flow into an axially direct airflow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of scrap steel recycling, and more specifically, to a deep sorting and recycling device for scrap steel tailings, specifically a deep sorting and recycling device capable of performing high-frequency induction pyrolysis on the surface sludge of metal particles along a sorting trajectory to prepare pure metal raw materials for direct remelting or powder metallurgy recycling. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the end-of-life vehicle recycling and dismantling industry, deep sorting and refined recycling of scrap steel tailings (especially finely crushed and small-particle materials after dismantling) generated from vehicle dismantling has become a key link in improving resource recycling rates. Current deep sorting equipment for scrap steel tailings typically integrates optical recognition systems, metal detection systems, and pneumatic spray systems. It utilizes intelligent sensors to identify materials in real time and drives sorting nozzles to blow away the target material.

[0003] However, due to the complex physicochemical properties of automotive dismantling waste, existing sorting and recycling equipment suffers from insufficient stability and continuity in actual operation. Since automotive engine oil is commonly found in dismantling waste, it mixes with fine dust such as glass powder and rust dust mixed in during crushing and conveying. Due to the high viscosity of the engine oil, the dust adheres and accumulates on the equipment surface, easily forming highly adhesive and hard composite scale.

[0004] The interference of the aforementioned composite scale on the core sorting components is mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, when materials are running at high speed or during pneumatic spraying, the scale is easily splashed and deposited on the surface of the optical lens and metal detection plate, causing light blockage, scattering, or electromagnetic signal interference, resulting in frequent false alarms or even failure of intelligent sensors such as vision, near-infrared and metal detection; Second, the deposition of scale on the surface of the sorting nozzle will reduce the nozzle orifice diameter and cause the jet direction to deviate, making it impossible for the airflow to accurately hit the target material, resulting in a significant decrease in sorting accuracy and recovery purity.

[0005] Currently, the above-mentioned scaling problem is usually addressed by a passive maintenance method of periodic shutdown and manual wiping and cleaning. This not only reduces the overall operating rate of the equipment, but also easily causes secondary damage such as mechanical wear or chemical corrosion to precision sensors and optical lenses during manual cleaning.

[0006] To address this, a deep sorting and recycling device for scrap steel tailings is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a deep sorting and recycling device for scrap steel tailings. By tuning an electromagnetic induction heat source to the pyrolysis and stripping temperature zone of high-viscosity sludge scale, the device achieves surface thermal purification of scrap steel particles while stripping and sorting, so as to output high-purity recycled furnace feed that meets the standards for remelting or powder metallurgy. It can also prevent the sorting nozzle from clogging and improve the sorting accuracy.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0009] A deep sorting and recycling device for scrap steel tailings includes a support frame; The bracket is equipped with a conveyor belt for transporting materials; A gantry frame is installed on the bracket above the conveyor belt, and a metal detector and sorting nozzles are installed on the gantry frame; a transparent protective cover covering the surface of the metal detector is detachably installed on the gantry frame. The conveyor belt sequentially transports materials to the metal detector's detection area and the spray trajectory of the sorting nozzles; The sorting nozzle includes a housing and an exhaust port. An extension tube is rotatably inserted into the housing and covers the outside of the exhaust port. The extension tube is made of magnetically conductive metal. A high-frequency induction coil is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the housing. The induction coil is sleeved outside the extension tube and an assembly gap is left between the induction coil and the extension tube. The inner cavity of the extension tube is divided into a power drive section and an end rectification section along the airflow direction; The inner wall of the power drive section is formed with oblique airflow guide grooves; The inner wall of the terminal rectifier section is fixed with several axially parallel straight rectifier blades.

[0010] Furthermore, a number of pneumatic blades are provided on the fixed ring on the outer peripheral side wall of the transparent protective cover, and an air intake channel is opened inside the gantry. The air intake end of the air intake channel is connected to the air supply pipeline of the sorting nozzle, and the air outlet end of the air intake channel is inclined to spray towards the pneumatic blades. A static screen cleaning strip is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the transparent protective cover on the gantry frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the linear rectifier blade is made of a thermosensitive shape memory alloy material, and the linear rectifier blade has a first form that maintains a twisted deflection to one side under a preset low temperature state, and a second form that maintains a straight extension in the axial direction under a preset high temperature state.

[0012] Furthermore, an annular cavity is formed on the side wall of the shell, and an insertion hole communicating with the outside is formed on the side wall of the cavity; the extension tube passes through the insertion hole and is rotatably inserted into the cavity, and a circular sliding plate is fixedly sleeved on the shaft section of the extension tube located in the cavity. Several wedge-shaped blocks are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the cavity near the insertion hole, and ball bearings that roll and cooperate with the wedge-shaped blocks are rolled and embedded on the end face of the slide plate near the insertion hole.

[0013] Furthermore, a baffle that rotates synchronously with the extension tube is fixedly sleeved on the outside, and the outer diameter of the baffle is larger than the outer diameter of the induction coil; A protective sleeve extending towards the housing is fixedly installed on the peripheral wall of the baffle. The protective sleeve is fitted over the outside of the induction coil, and a circumferential clearance is left between the inner wall of the protective sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the induction coil.

[0014] Furthermore, a mounting beam is provided on the bracket and in front of the metal detector. Both ends of the mounting beam are detachably connected to the bracket by adjusting bolts. The bracket has corresponding strip-shaped adjusting holes at the connection points for the adjusting bolts to slide up and down.

[0015] Furthermore, several flexible material-made dividing combs are arranged along the length of the installation beam; the lower free ends of the dividing combs extend downward and elastically contact the bearing surface of the conveyor belt.

[0016] Furthermore, an oil guide plate is fixedly installed on the gantry and directly below the static screen cleaning strip. The oil guide plate is arranged at an angle with the end closer to the transparent protective cover higher and the end farther away from the transparent protective cover lower. The lower end of the oil guide plate extends to the outside of the gantry. It also includes an oil collection box, with an oil guide plate extending into the oil collection box.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a heat exchange sleeve, which is a three-way pipe; the air inlet of the heat exchange sleeve is connected to an external high-pressure air source, and the input end of the heat exchange sleeve is attached to and wrapped around the outer wall of the induction coil. The sorting nozzle also includes an air inlet; The first output end of the heat exchange sleeve is connected to the air inlet.

[0018] Furthermore, the second output end of the heat exchange sleeve is connected to the air inlet end of the air intake channel; the warm, high-pressure air heated by the induction coil is introduced into the air intake channel; the air outlet end of the air intake channel sprays warm, high-pressure air onto the aerodynamic blades.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The self-cleaning of the sorting nozzle extension tube is achieved by integrating induction heating, air-driven rotation and axial reciprocating vibration mechanism: the active heating of the magnetic extension tube by the high-frequency induction coil can quickly soften and melt the adhering sludge. Combined with the high-speed rotation centrifugal force driven by the oblique airflow guide groove, and the axial high-frequency knocking vibration generated by the ball and wedge block, it can peel off and discharge the stubborn scale inside and outside the extension tube. At the same time, the straight rectifier blade made of thermosensitive shape memory alloy at the end can generate peeling stress through shape change under temperature rise to remove the hardened scale on the blade surface. Combined with the rectifier structure, the swirling flow is recalibrated into axial direct airflow, thereby ensuring the precise impact of the sorting airflow and the efficient and continuous sorting.

[0020] (2) The high-pressure airflow of the diverted flow drives the transparent protective cover on the surface of the metal detector to rotate continuously, and introduces warm and high-pressure air for heat transfer and baking. The warm air softens the high-viscosity sludge, and the dynamic rotating protective cover and the static screen cleaning scraper work together to dynamically scrape off the splashed oil stains on the surface of the protective cover. Combined with the design of the oil guide plate and oil collection box below, the scraped oil stains are collected and recycled under the action of gravity, preventing the oil stains from dripping again and causing pollution to the bracket and conveyor belt, and ensuring that the metal detector is in a high-precision detection state for a long time.

[0021] (3) A flexible material sorting comb with adjustable suspension height is set in front of the inspection field, which solves the problem of missed detection and missorting caused by the stacking of fine scrap steel materials: Under the combined effect of the forward conveying force of the conveyor belt and the physical obstruction of the comb, the material is evenly combed, spread thin, and realizes single-layer flat laying in space before entering the inspection field, which improves the identification accuracy of the metal detector and the material stripping rate; and because the comb is made of flexible material and elastically resists the conveyor belt, it can bend flexibly to avoid large pieces of insurmountable material when they pass through, which not only avoids major mechanical accidents caused by sharp scrap steel jamming and tearing of the conveyor belt, but also ensures the continuity of subsequent material sorting operations.

[0022] (4) The heat exchange sleeve connected in series on the air inlet uses the input high-pressure air to force cool the high-frequency induction coil, which not only maintains the normal working temperature of the coil, but also successfully converts the heat energy into a warm air source that improves the cleaning efficiency. At the same time, the baffle and protective sleeve that rotate synchronously with the extension tube form a non-contact dynamic sealing structure in the circumferential direction, which not only uses centrifugal shear force to throw away the splashed oil sludge powder, but also prevents the fine iron rust dust from penetrating back into the surface of the induction coil and the assembly gap, thus reducing the failure rate of electrical short circuit and mechanical jamming. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the oil guide plate and the oil collection box of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the transparent protective cover, air intake channel, and aerodynamic blades of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the transparent protective cover of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the sorting nozzle and the extension tube of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the air intake channel and the aerodynamic blades of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the adjusting bolt and bracket of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Bracket; 2. Conveyor belt; 3. Gantry frame; 4. Metal detector; 401. Transparent protective cover; 5. Sorting nozzle; 501. Housing; 502. Exhaust port; 503. Air inlet; 6. Extension pipe; 601. Power drive section; 602. End rectification section; 7. Induction coil; 8. Angled airflow guide groove; 9. Linear rectification blade; 10. Pneumatic blade; 11. Air intake channel; 12. Static screen cleaning scraper; 13. Cavity; 14. Slide plate; 15. Wedge block; 16. Ball bearing; 17. Baffle; 18. Protective sleeve; 19. Mounting beam; 20. Adjusting bolt; 21. Material sorting comb teeth; 22. Oil guide inclined plate; 23. Oil collection box; 24. Heat exchange sleeve; 25. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 7 A deep sorting and recycling device for scrap steel tailings, including a bracket 1; The bracket 1 is equipped with a conveyor belt 2 for conveying materials; A gantry 3 is provided on the bracket 1 above the conveyor belt 2. A metal detector 4 is provided on the gantry 3, and several sorting nozzles 5 are fixedly arranged in an array. A transparent protective cover 401 covering the surface of the metal detector 4 is detachably installed on the gantry 3. The conveyor belt 2 sequentially transports the material to the detection field of the metal detector 4 and the spray trajectory of the sorting nozzle 5, so as to use the high-pressure airflow ejected from the sorting nozzle 5 to peel and sort the target material. The sorting nozzle 5 includes a housing 501 and an exhaust port 502. An extension tube 6 is rotatably inserted into the housing 501 and covers the outside of the exhaust port 502, which reduces the probability of splashed sludge directly adhering to the surface of the exhaust port 502 and ensures that the exhaust port 502 can accurately exhaust air. The extension tube 6 is made of magnetic metal. A high-frequency induction coil 7 is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the housing 501. The induction coil 7 is sleeved on the outside of the extension tube 6 and an assembly gap is left between it and the extension tube 6. When a high-frequency alternating current with a frequency of 150kHz to 250kHz is passed into the high-frequency induction coil 7, induced eddy currents are generated on the extension tube 6 using non-contact electromagnetic induction. An infrared temperature sensor is integrated on the housing 501, and quartz glass infrared transmission windows are embedded in the housing 501 and the protective sleeve 18 at the detection optical path corresponding to the infrared temperature sensor. The infrared transmission windows penetrate the physical barrier in a non-contact manner and collect the temperature data of the outer wall of the extension tube 6 in real time. The heating temperature of the extension tube 6 is controlled in real time within the range of 65°C to 85°C by the PLC control system. This temperature range is used to soften and reduce the stickiness of the sludge deposits that splash and adhere to the surface of the extension tube 6 and prevent them from carbonizing. The softened sludge deposits are dissociated under the shearing and scouring of the high-pressure axial main airflow discharged from the exhaust port 502 and are discharged outward along the inner cavity of the extension tube 6 with the airflow. The inner cavity of the extension tube 6 is divided into a power drive section 601 and an end rectifier section 602 along the airflow direction. The inner wall of the power drive section 601 is formed with an oblique airflow guide groove 8; when the high-pressure airflow ejected from the exhaust port 502 passes through the oblique airflow guide groove 8, it generates a circumferential reaction torque due to the guide deflection, which drives the extension tube 6 to rotate at high speed around its own axis within the assembly gap, so as to use the centrifugal force of rotation to throw the sludge attached to the inner wall of the extension tube 6 outward. The inner wall of the end rectifier section 602 is fixed with several axially parallel straight rectifier blades 9, so that the airflow that has generated a swirling tendency after passing through the power drive section 601 is recalibrated into an axially direct airflow before being discharged; wherein, the electromagnetic heating zone of the high-frequency induction coil 7 is coupled with the high-pressure injection trajectory space of the sorting nozzle 5, so that when pneumatic sorting is carried out, the heat radiation generated by the induction coil 7 and the high-pressure airflow discharged from the exhaust port 502 are used to perform heat softening and airflow stripping pretreatment on the surface of the scrap steel tail material that passes through the high-pressure injection trajectory space.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 7As shown, several pneumatic blades 10 are uniformly fixed on the outer peripheral sidewall of the transparent protective cover 401. An air intake channel 11 is opened inside the gantry 3. The air intake end of the air intake channel 11 is connected to the air supply pipeline of the sorting nozzle 5. The air outlet end of the air intake channel 11 is inclined to spray towards the pneumatic blades 10. The high-pressure airflow of the split is used to blow the pneumatic blades 10. The pneumatic blades 10 drive the transparent protective cover 401 to rotate continuously around the metal detector 4. A static screen cleaning scraper 12 is fixedly installed on the gantry frame 3, closely attached to the outer periphery of the transparent protective cover 401. When the transparent protective cover 401 is driven to rotate by air, the shearing force caused by the relative motion dynamically scrapes away the splashed oil stains on the surface of the transparent protective cover 401.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the linear rectifier blade 9 is made of single-crystal nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) shape memory alloy with a two-way shape memory effect, and its austenite transformation completion temperature A f The martensitic transformation completion temperature M is 70°C ~ 75°C. f The temperature range is 35°C to 42°C; the linear rectifier blade 9 has a temperature range below M. f The first form, which maintains a twisted and deflected shape to one side under the preset low temperature state, and at a temperature higher than A f The second form, which maintains linear extension in the axial direction under the preset high temperature state; When the sorting nozzle 5 is in an independent cleaning and maintenance state without alternating sorting, the main sorting airflow is shut off, and the high-frequency induction coil 7 is turned on; the heat generated by the high-frequency induction coil 7 is conducted to the end rectifier section 602 and causes it to reach the austenite transformation completion temperature A. f At that time, the linear rectifier blade 9 abruptly changes from the first state of twisted deflection to the second state of axial linear extension. After the descaling is completed, the high-frequency induction coil 7 is turned off and the main sorting airflow is turned on. Utilizing the heat absorption and cooling effect generated by the rapid expansion of the high-pressure airflow in the pipe, the terminal rectifier section 602 is rapidly cooled to the martensitic transformation end temperature M. f This triggers the blade to return to its first distorted and deflected state, completing the descaling cycle; the internal peeling stress generated by the morphological change shatters and peels off the hardened scale attached to the blade surface.

[0030] like Figure 6 As shown, an annular cavity 13 is provided on the side wall of the housing 501, and an insertion hole communicating with the outside is provided on the side wall of the cavity 13; the extension tube 6 passes through the insertion hole and is rotatably inserted into the cavity 13, and a circular sliding plate 14 is fixedly sleeved on the shaft section of the extension tube 6 located in the cavity 13. Several wedge-shaped blocks 15 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the cavity 13 near the insertion hole, and ball bearings 16 that roll and cooperate with the wedge-shaped blocks 15 are rolled on the end face of the slide plate 14 near the insertion hole.

[0031] Axial return springs 25 are symmetrically fixed to the inner wall of cavity 13 on the side of slide plate 14 away from the insertion hole. During the air-driven rotation of extension tube 6, the balls 16 intermittently climb along the circumferential slope of each wedge block 15, pushing slide plate 14 to axial displacement and forcibly compressing axial return springs 25 to store energy. When the balls 16 move to the top dead point of wedge block 15 and fall, axial return springs 25 release elastic restoring force, driving slide plate 14 and balls 16 to axially reverse and return to the top, instantly impacting the trough end of the next set of wedge blocks 15, causing extension tube 6 to generate high-frequency axial impact vibration. During this process, oil stains adhering to the inner wall of extension tube 6 can be vibrated and detached, improving the cleaning effect of oil stains splashed into extension tube 6.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the extension tube 6 is fixedly sleeved with a baffle 17 that rotates synchronously with it, and the outer diameter of the baffle 17 is larger than the outer diameter of the induction coil 7. A protective sleeve 18 extending toward the housing 501 is fixedly installed on the peripheral wall of the baffle 17. The protective sleeve 18 is fitted over the outside of the induction coil 7, and a circumferential clearance is left between the inner wall of the protective sleeve 18 and the outer peripheral surface of the induction coil 7.

[0033] A baffle 17 and a protective sleeve 18 are added to the spinning extension tube 6. When the oil sludge powder at the scrap steel sorting site splashes at high speed, once it touches the high-speed spinning baffle 17 and protective sleeve 18, it will be splashed away tangentially under the action of centrifugal shear force. At the same time, the protective sleeve 18 and the tail end of the shell 501 form a tortuous reverse labyrinth dynamic sealing structure to extend the physical path of fine rust dust to the surface of the induction coil 7 and the assembly gap in reverse, thereby reducing the mechanical wear and electrical short circuit rate of the system.

[0034] like Figure 8 As shown, a mounting beam 19 is provided horizontally on the bracket 1 and in front of the metal detector 4. The two ends of the mounting beam 19 are detachably connected to the bracket 1 by adjusting bolts 20. The bracket 1 has a strip-shaped adjusting hole at the connection point for the adjusting bolts 20 to slide up and down. The overall suspension height of the mounting beam 19 relative to the bearing surface of the conveyor belt 2 can be adjusted by tightening and loosening the adjusting bolts 20 in the strip-shaped adjusting hole.

[0035] Several flexible material-based material-separating combs 21 are arranged along the length of the mounting beam 19; the lower free ends of the material-separating combs 21 extend downward and elastically contact the bearing surface of the conveyor belt 2; when the stacked fine scrap steel material moves to the material-separating combs 21 along the conveyor belt 2, under the combined action of the forward conveying force of the conveyor belt 2, the physical obstruction of the material-separating combs 21, and the flexible yielding, the staggered material is combed and spread out, achieving a single-layer flattening in space before entering the testing area; Because of the use of flexible material and the elastic contact between its lower end and the conveyor belt 2, when a large piece of material that cannot be crossed passes through, the comb teeth can bend flexibly to avoid it, which not only prevents sharp scrap steel from getting stuck and tearing the conveyor belt 2, but also ensures the continuous single-layer combing of subsequent fine materials.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, an oil guide plate 22 is fixedly installed on the gantry 3 and directly below the static screen cleaning scraper 12. The oil guide plate 22 is arranged at an inclination with one end higher than the transparent protective cover 401 and the other end lower than the transparent protective cover 401. The lower end of the oil guide plate 22 extends to the outside of the gantry 3. It also includes an oil collection box 23 fixedly installed on the gantry 3, with an oil guide plate 22 extending into the oil collection box 23.

[0037] The oil guide plate 22 guides the scraped oil stains to flow outwards under its own gravity and collect in the oil collection box 23, preventing oil stains from dripping and contaminating the bracket 1 and the conveyor belt 2.

[0038] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, it also includes a heat exchange sleeve 24, which is a three-way pipe; the heat exchange sleeve 24 is made of aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramic material with high thermal conductivity and non-magnetic properties; the air inlet end of the heat exchange sleeve 24 is connected to an external high-pressure air source, and the input end of the heat exchange sleeve 24 is attached to and wrapped around the outer wall of the induction coil 7. The sorting nozzle 5 also includes an air inlet 503; The first output end of the heat exchange sleeve 24 is connected to the air inlet 503 to cool the high-frequency induction coil 7 using high-pressure air supplied through the air supply line.

[0039] The second output end of the heat exchange sleeve 24 is connected to the air inlet end of the air intake channel 11; the warm and high-pressure air heated by the high-frequency induction coil 7 is introduced into the air intake channel 11; the air outlet end of the air intake channel 11 sprays warm and high-pressure air onto the pneumatic blade 10, which drives the transparent protective cover 401 to rotate around the metal detector 4, and at the same time uses the heat of the air to simultaneously heat and bake the outer peripheral surface of the transparent protective cover 401, so as to soften the high-viscosity sludge deposits adhering to its surface, and synergistically reduce the mechanical friction resistance when the static screen cleaning scraper 12 dynamically scrapes off the sludge.

[0040] Working principle: Stacked and staggered fine scrap steel materials are first placed on the conveyor belt 2 of the bracket 1 and transported forward. Before entering the detection area of ​​the metal detector 4, the material passes through the horizontally arranged mounting beam 19. At this time, the operator can adjust the overall suspension height of the mounting beam 19 relative to the bearing surface of the conveyor belt 2 by sliding and locking the adjusting bolt 20 up and down in the strip-shaped adjusting hole at the connection of the bracket 1.

[0041] When the material reaches this point, the forward conveying force of the conveyor belt 2, combined with the physical obstruction and flexible clearance of the flexible material distribution combs 21 arranged on the mounting beam 19, causes the originally stacked material to be combed and spread out, achieving a single-layer flattening in space before entering the testing area, thus eliminating the interference caused by material stacking to subsequent testing. When large and insurmountable blocks of material pass through, the material distribution combs 21 utilize their flexible material and the elastic contact between their lower ends and the conveyor belt 2 to flexibly bend and avoid the large blocks, preventing sharp scrap steel from jamming and tearing the conveyor belt 2. After the large blocks of material pass through, they quickly reset and continue to comb the subsequent fine fragments.

[0042] The material, laid flat in a single layer, then enters the detection field of the metal detector 4 for target material identification. During continuous detection, a portion of the high-pressure air in the air supply line of the sorting nozzle 5 first enters the heat exchange sleeve 24 connected in series at the air inlet, absorbing heat from the outer wall of the high-frequency induction coil 7 and converting it into warm, high-pressure air. This warm, high-pressure air is then sprayed obliquely from the outlet end of the air intake channel 11 inside the gantry 3 towards the pneumatic blades 10 on the outer peripheral side wall of the transparent protective cover 401.

[0043] The warm, high-pressure airflow discharged from the air intake channel 11 blows the pneumatic blades 10, causing the transparent protective cover 401 to rotate. Simultaneously, the sludge adhering to the outer surface of the transparent protective cover 401 softens under the influence of the warm airflow. As the transparent protective cover 401 rotates, its outer circumference contacts the static cleaning scraper 12, which scrapes away the softened sludge. Under its own gravity, the scraped sludge flows outward along the oil guide plate 22 located directly below the static cleaning scraper 12, eventually flowing into the oil collection box 23 extending from the lower end of the oil guide plate 22. This prevents oil from dripping downwards and contaminating the bracket 1 and conveyor belt 2, ensuring the long-term cleanliness of the detection environment and the accuracy of the detection.

[0044] The identified target material continues to move along the conveyor belt 2 to the spray trajectory of the sorting nozzle 5. When the metal detector 4 captures the target material, the sorting nozzle 5 opens its valve, and a high-pressure airflow is ejected from the exhaust port 502 inside the housing 501 to separate and sort the target material.

[0045] When the high-pressure airflow passes through the inner cavity of the extension tube 6, which is covered outside the exhaust port 502, the high-pressure airflow first enters the power drive section 601 of the extension tube 6 and flows along the inclined airflow guide groove 8 formed on its inner wall. At this time, the reaction force generated by the airflow passing through the guide groove drives the extension tube 6, which is made of magnetic metal, to rotate at high speed within the assembly gap between it and the housing 501. The centrifugal shear force generated by the high-speed rotation of the extension tube 6 throws the oil stains adhering to its inner and outer walls outward, and together with the impact force of the main airflow inside the tube, prevents the oil stains from accumulating inside the extension tube 6.

[0046] As the high-pressure airflow flows axially through the extension tube 6, the sidewall of the linear rectifier blade 9 is subjected to a frontal impact force from the airflow along the axial direction. This impact force drives the annular sliding plate 14, which is fixedly sleeved on its shaft section, to move forward through the extension tube 6. This ensures that the ball bearings 16 embedded on the end face of the sliding plate 14 remain elastically attached to the inner wall of the cavity 13 near the insertion hole. Since the inner wall is uniformly provided with several wedge-shaped blocks 15 along the circumference, during the high-speed rotation of the extension tube 6 driven by the air, the ball bearings 16 will intermittently climb upward along the inclined surface of each wedge-shaped block 15. When the ball bearings 16 move to the top dead point of the wedge-shaped block 15 and cross the edge, under the instantaneous energy release of the axial return spring 25, the sliding plate 14 drives the ball bearings 16 to return to their axial position and violently impact the bottom of the base surface of the next set of wedge-shaped blocks 15. This cycle repeats continuously, causing the extension tube 6 to generate high-frequency axial reciprocating impact vibrations under the coupling effect of circumferential rotational torque and axial spring energy release impact, which vibrates off and blows out the hardened oil stains attached to the inner wall of the extension tube 6.

[0047] Simultaneously with the aforementioned mechanical movement, a high-frequency alternating current is passed through the high-frequency induction coil 7, which is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the housing 501. This non-contact electromagnetic induction generates eddy currents in the extension tube 6 made of magnetically conductive metal, causing it to heat up rapidly. The heat is transferred to the end rectifier section 602, softening and melting the sludge and scale adhering there. When the temperature rises to a preset high temperature, the linear rectifier blade 9, made of a thermosensitive shape memory alloy, triggers a sudden change from a first state of twisting and deflecting to one side at a preset low temperature to a second state of axially extending linearly at a preset high temperature. The internal peeling stress generated by this sudden change in shape can directly shatter and peel off the hardened scale adhering to the surface of the linear rectifier blade 9. Simultaneously, the airflow pattern changes at the instant of the shape change, forming a localized descaling vortex. Combined with the physical properties of softening due to heat, the dirt is thoroughly blown out with the airflow.

[0048] Once the dirt is removed and the straight rectifier blades 9 completely change to the second form of extending in a straight line along the axis, the array of fixed, axially parallel straight rectifier blades 9 recalibrates the airflow that previously generated a swirling tendency after passing through the power drive section 601, transforming it into an axially direct airflow before discharge. This eliminates swirling divergence and ensures that the discharged gas can accurately and powerfully impact the target scrap steel material.

[0049] During the 24-hour operation of the sorting equipment, by connecting a heat exchange sleeve 24, which is attached to and wrapped around the outer wall of the induction coil 7, in series at the air inlet of the sorting nozzle 5, the input high-pressure air can absorb the heat emitted by the high-frequency induction coil 7 while forcibly cooling it and maintaining the normal operating temperature of the electrical system, thereby realizing the recycling of the system's thermal energy to a warm and clean air source.

[0050] Meanwhile, to cope with the harsh dust and sludge environment at the scrap steel sorting site, a baffle 17, which rotates synchronously with the high-speed spinning extension tube 6, is fixedly fitted onto the outside of the extension tube 6. A protective sleeve 18, extending towards the housing 501 and fitted onto the outside of the induction coil 7, is installed on the peripheral wall of the baffle 17. When high-speed splashing sludge impacts this protective assembly, the sludge is instantly thrown outward under centrifugal shear force due to the high-speed spinning of the baffle 17 and the protective sleeve 18, preventing it from adhering. In addition, a circumferential clearance is reserved between the inner wall of the protective sleeve 18 and the outer peripheral surface of the induction coil 7. This ensures the free rotation and vibration of the extension tube 6 within the cavity and completely prevents the reverse penetration of fine rust dust into the surface of the induction coil 7 and the assembly gap of the extension tube, thus blocking the potential for mechanical jamming and electrical short circuits and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the entire equipment.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concept, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep sorting and recycling device for scrap steel tailings, comprising a bracket (1); Its features are: The bracket (1) is provided with a conveyor belt (2) for conveying materials; The bracket (1) is provided with a gantry (3) above the conveyor belt (2), and the gantry (3) is provided with a metal detector (4) and a sorting nozzle (5); a transparent protective cover (401) covering the surface of the metal detector (4) is detachably installed on the gantry (3). The conveyor belt (2) sequentially transports the material to the detection field of the metal detector (4) and the spray trajectory of the sorting nozzle (5); The sorting nozzle (5) includes a housing (501) and an exhaust port (502). An extension tube (6) is rotatably inserted into the housing (501) and covers the outside of the exhaust port (502). The extension tube (6) is made of magnetically conductive metal. A high-frequency induction coil (7) is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the housing (501). The induction coil (7) is sleeved on the outside of the extension tube (6) and there is an assembly gap between the induction coil (7) and the extension tube (6). The inner cavity of the extension tube (6) is divided into a power drive section (601) and an end rectification section (602) along the airflow direction. The inner wall of the power drive section (601) is formed with an oblique airflow guide groove (8). The inner wall of the end rectifier section (602) is fixed with a number of axially parallel straight rectifier blades (9). The electromagnetic heating zone of the high-frequency induction coil (7) is spatially coupled with the high-pressure jet trajectory of the sorting nozzle (5) to simultaneously perform online thermal degreasing pretreatment on the surface oil adhering to the waste steel tail material during pneumatic sorting, so that the discharged waste steel tail material reaches the purity index for direct remelting or powder metallurgy powdering.

2. The deep sorting and recycling equipment for scrap steel tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral sidewall of the transparent protective cover (401) is fixed with several pneumatic blades (10), and the gantry (3) is provided with an air intake channel (11). The air intake end of the air intake channel (11) is connected to the air supply pipeline of the sorting nozzle (5), and the air outlet end of the air intake channel (11) is inclined to spray towards the pneumatic blades (10). A static screen cleaning scraper (12) is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the transparent protective cover (401) on the gantry frame (3).

3. The deep sorting and recycling equipment for scrap steel tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linear rectifier blade (9) is made of a thermosensitive shape memory alloy and has a first form that maintains a twisted deflection to one side under a preset low temperature state and a second form that maintains a straight extension in the axial direction under a preset high temperature state.

4. The deep sorting and recycling equipment for scrap steel tailings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the housing (501) is provided with an annular cavity (13), and the side wall of the cavity (13) is provided with an insertion hole that communicates with the outside. The extension tube (6) passes through the insertion hole and is rotatably inserted into the cavity (13), and a circular sliding plate (14) is fixedly sleeved on the shaft section of the extension tube (6) located in the cavity (13). The cavity (13) has a number of wedge-shaped blocks (15) evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall near the insertion hole. The slide plate (14) has a ball bearing (16) that rolls and cooperates with the wedge-shaped blocks (15) on the end face near the insertion hole.

5. The deep sorting and recycling equipment for scrap steel tailings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extension tube (6) is fixedly fitted with a baffle (17) that rotates synchronously with it. The outer diameter of the baffle (17) is larger than the outer diameter of the induction coil (7). A protective sleeve (18) extending toward the housing (501) is fixedly installed on the peripheral wall of the baffle (17). The protective sleeve (18) is fitted around the outside of the induction coil (7), and a circumferential clearance is left between the inner wall of the protective sleeve (18) and the outer peripheral surface of the induction coil (7).

6. The deep sorting and recycling equipment for scrap steel tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (1) is provided with a horizontal mounting beam (19) in front of the metal detector (4). The two ends of the mounting beam (19) are detachably connected to the bracket (1) by adjusting bolts (20). The bracket (1) is provided with a strip-shaped adjusting hole at the connection point for the adjusting bolts (20) to slide up and down.

7. The deep sorting and recycling equipment for scrap steel tailings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting beam (19) has several flexible material comb teeth (21) arranged along its length; the lower free end of the comb teeth (21) extends downward and elastically contacts the bearing surface of the conveyor belt (2).

8. The deep sorting and recycling equipment for scrap steel tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil guide plate (22) is fixedly provided on the gantry (3) and directly below the static screen cleaning scraper (12). The oil guide plate (22) is arranged at an inclination with one end higher than the transparent protective cover (401) and the other end lower than the transparent protective cover (401). The lower end of the oil guide plate (22) extends to the outside of the gantry (3). It also includes an oil collection box (23), into which the oil guide plate (22) extends.

9. The deep sorting and recycling equipment for scrap steel tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a heat exchange sleeve (24), which is a three-way pipe; the air inlet of the heat exchange sleeve (24) is connected to an external high-pressure air source, and the input end of the heat exchange sleeve (24) is attached to and wrapped around the outer wall of the induction coil (7). The sorting nozzle (5) also includes an air inlet (503); The first output end of the heat exchange sleeve (24) is connected to the air inlet (503).

10. The waste steel tailings deep sorting and recycling equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second output end of the heat exchange sleeve (24) is connected to the air inlet end of the air intake channel (11); the warm and high-pressure air heated by the induction coil (7) is introduced into the air intake channel (11); the air outlet end of the air intake channel (11) sprays warm and high-pressure air onto the pneumatic blade (10).

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