Stamping dies with adjustable and adaptive functions

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of stamping die technology, and more specifically, to a stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions, comprising an upper die and a lower die arranged opposite to each other; the lower die has a central through hole, the die cavity is connected to the central through hole, and an adaptive positioning shaft structure is slidably connected within the central through hole; the top end of the adaptive positioning shaft structure extends out of the upper surface of the lower die in the normal state for positioning the workpiece; the bottom of the adaptive positioning shaft structure is connected to an adjustment mechanism, and an elastic reset member is provided between the adaptive positioning shaft structure and the adjustment mechanism, the elastic reset member being used to apply a reset force to the adaptive positioning shaft structure. This invention achieves precise positioning by sliding the adaptive positioning shaft structure into a single locating hole in the workpiece in the normal state through the sliding fit between the adaptive positioning shaft structure and the central through hole; during stamping, the positioning shaft automatically retracts under the pressure of the punch to avoid interference and collision with the punch; after stamping, it automatically resets under the action of the elastic reset member.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of stamping die technology, and more specifically, to a stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions. Background Technology

[0002] In stamping processes, for special workpieces with only a single locating hole, this hole serves a dual function: positioning and machining. The workpiece needs to be positioned by inserting a locating pin through this hole, but this hole is often destroyed by the punch during subsequent stamping operations. If a conventional fixed locating pin is used, the punch will rigidly collide with it during its downward movement, damaging the pin or the die. If the locating pin is removed before stamping, the workpiece loses all its positioning references during machining, compromising machining accuracy. While adding an additional clamping device to replace the locating pin provides positioning, the complex structure of the clamping device and the long setup time significantly reduce batch processing efficiency and make it difficult to guarantee positioning accuracy. Therefore, resolving the contradiction of a single locating hole on a special workpiece being both used for positioning and subject to machining destruction without substantially impacting processing efficiency has become a pressing technical problem in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. The summary section of this invention is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0004] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions, including an upper die and a lower die arranged opposite to each other. The upper die is connected to the output end of a pressing drive mechanism and can press against the lower die. A cavity is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the lower die, and a punch is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the upper die. The lower die has a central through hole, and the cavity communicates with the central through hole. An adaptive positioning shaft structure is slidably connected in the central through hole. The top end of the adaptive positioning shaft structure extends out of the upper surface of the lower die under normal conditions for positioning the workpiece. The bottom of the adaptive positioning shaft structure is connected to an adjustment mechanism, and an elastic reset member is provided between the adaptive positioning shaft structure and the adjustment mechanism. The elastic reset member is used to apply a reset force to the adaptive positioning shaft structure. During stamping, the adaptive positioning shaft structure is subjected to pressure transmitted in the direction of the punch, overcomes the reset force of the elastic reset member, slides downward along the central through hole, and accommodates the top end in the central through hole to make way for the punch. After stamping, the adaptive positioning shaft structure slides upward and resets under the reset force of the elastic reset member.

[0005] Furthermore, the adaptive positioning shaft structure includes a positioning shaft body, which is slidably fitted into a central through hole. The bottom of the positioning shaft body is provided with a first slide rail and a second slide rail from bottom to top. The diameter of the first slide rail is smaller than the diameter of the second slide rail. The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment slide shaft and a height limiting slider fixed to the top of the adjustment slide shaft. The adjustment slide shaft passes through the first slide rail, and the height limiting slider is slidably fitted into the second slide rail. An elastic reset member is disposed in the second slide rail. The upper end of the elastic reset member is fixed to the inner top wall of the second slide rail, and the lower end of the elastic reset member is fixed to the upper surface of the height limiting slider.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom of the adjusting slide shaft is provided with multiple adjusting holes spaced apart along the axial direction. The bottom of the lower mold is fixed with an end seat, which has a central hole. The bottom end of the adjusting slide shaft is inserted into the central hole. A locking bolt is threadedly connected to the bottom of the end seat. The locking bolt is set perpendicular to the adjusting slide shaft, and the end of the locking bolt is inserted laterally into one of the adjusting holes to lock the axial position of the adjusting slide shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom of the positioning shaft body has an inverted conical shaft section, the diameter of which gradually increases from top to bottom; the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the lower mold has three or more movable roller mechanisms evenly arranged circumferentially; the movable roller mechanisms abut against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft under normal conditions; during the stamping process, the positioning shaft body slides downward, the inverted conical shaft section enters the contact area of ​​multiple movable roller mechanisms, and the multiple movable roller mechanisms gradually retract outward with the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section, forming a radial rolling guide for the positioning shaft body.

[0008] Furthermore, the movable roller mechanism includes: an assembly support fixed to the inner wall of the lower mold mounting cavity; a transverse support slidably connected to the assembly support in the radial direction; a lower roller rotatably connected to the inner end of the transverse support; and a tension spring sleeved on the transverse support, with its two ends abutting against the transverse support and the assembly support respectively, for applying radial preload to the transverse support pointing towards the adaptive positioning shaft structure. Under normal conditions, the lower roller is rolled against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft by the force of the tension spring. During the stamping process, the positioning shaft body slides downward, and the inverted conical shaft section enters the contact area of ​​the lower roller. The lower roller gradually retracts outward with the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section, forming a radial rolling guide for the positioning shaft body. During the reset process after stamping, the lower roller, under the elastic force of the tension spring, presses the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section radially inward, generating an upward axial thrust component on the inverted conical shaft section to assist the elastic reset component in driving the positioning shaft body to reset upward.

[0009] Furthermore, the side wall of the lower mold is provided with a receiving slide that communicates with the mounting cavity, and the outer end of the transverse bracket slides within the receiving slide; when the lower roller rolls against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft, the outer end face of the transverse bracket is flush with the outer wall of the lower mold; when the lower roller rolls against the tapered surface of the inverted tapered shaft section, the outer end face of the transverse bracket protrudes from the outer wall of the lower mold; by observing whether the outer end face of the transverse bracket is flush with the outer wall of the lower mold, it can be determined whether the positioning shaft body has been completely reset.

[0010] Furthermore, the stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions also includes: a fixed roller mechanism uniformly surrounding and connected to the inner wall of the lower die mounting cavity, with three or more fixed roller mechanisms located above three or more movable roller mechanisms; all three or more fixed roller mechanisms are connected to a clamping adjustment mechanism installed in the lower die mounting cavity, so as to roll against the side walls of the adjusting slide shafts of different diameters under the control of the clamping adjustment mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixed roller mechanism includes: an upper roller that rolls against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft, the upper roller being rotatably connected to the inner end of the movable slide, the top of the movable slide being slidably fitted in the T-shaped groove on the top surface of the lower mold mounting cavity via a T-shaped slider; the outer end of the movable slide being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower mold mounting cavity via a tension spring; and the bottom of the movable slide being connected to the clamping and adjusting mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping and adjusting mechanism includes: a clamping push rod rotatably connected to the bottom of the movable slide, the lower end of the clamping push rod being rotatably connected to the annular slide, the annular slide being slidably fitted against the inner side wall of the lower mold mounting cavity; a cross-shaped reinforcing frame fixedly connected in the middle of the annular slide, the cross-shaped reinforcing frame having a limiting sliding hole in the middle that is slidably fitted against the adjusting slide shaft; the annular slide being rotatably connected to the top of two adjusting screws, the middle of the two adjusting screws being threadedly connected to two screw supports on the inner side wall of the lower mold mounting cavity, the screw supports being threadedly connected to locking screws, the locking screws abutting against the side wall of the adjusting screws.

[0013] Furthermore, a transverse internal thread hole is provided on the side wall of the lower mold, and a reinforcing screw is internally threaded into the transverse internal thread hole. The inner end of the reinforcing screw passes through the tension spring and abuts against the outer end of the movable slide.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes an adaptive positioning shaft structure and a sliding fit with a central through-hole. Under normal conditions, the positioning shaft is inserted into a single locating hole on the workpiece for precise positioning. During stamping, the positioning shaft automatically retracts under the pressure of the punch, avoiding interference and collision with the punch. After stamping, it automatically resets and re-inserts into the machined hole under the action of an elastic reset component, achieving a fully automatic cycle of positioning, retraction, and reset. This invention effectively solves the contradiction of a single locating hole on a special workpiece requiring both positioning and machining, eliminating the need for manual disassembly and assembly of the positioning component and maintaining processing efficiency. Furthermore, by adjusting the multiple adjustable holes of the sliding shaft in conjunction with locking bolts, the initial height of the positioning shaft can be quickly adjusted to accommodate different thicknesses. The workpiece is improved, enhancing the versatility of the mold. Furthermore, the pre-tightening roller mechanism, arranged around the workpiece, applies radial preload to the positioning shaft, achieving zero-backlash rolling guidance, eliminating lateral wobbling of the positioning shaft, and ensuring accuracy when re-inserted into the hole after reset. The inverted conical shaft section, in conjunction with the conical surface of the roller, generates an upward axial thrust component during reset, assisting the elastic reset component in driving the positioning shaft to reset, ensuring reset reliability. Moreover, this invention utilizes a double-layer rolling guide system composed of an upper fixed roller mechanism and a lower movable roller mechanism, combined with a clamping adjustment mechanism to synchronously adjust the radial position of the rollers, achieving stable guidance throughout the entire stroke range. This adapts to adjusting slides of different diameters, further enhancing the versatility and guiding rigidity of the mold.

[0015] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the stamping die provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the stamping die provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 Partial illustration provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 4 Partial illustration provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view provided for an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the lower mold provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the adaptive positioning axis structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the adaptive positioning axis structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the movable roller mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the fixed roller mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping and adjusting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Icons: Upper mold 100; Lower mold 200; Center through hole 201; Reinforcing screw 202; Adaptive positioning shaft structure 300; Positioning shaft body 301; First slide rail 302; Second slide rail 303; Inverted conical shaft section 304; Adjustment mechanism 400; Adjustment slide shaft 401; Height limiting slider 402; Adjustment socket 403; Elastic reset component 500; End seat 600; Locking bolt 601; Movable roller mechanism 700; Assembly support 701; Transverse support 702; Lower roller 703; Tensioning spring 704; Fixed roller mechanism 800; Upper roller 801; Movable slide 802; Tensioning spring 803; Clamping adjustment mechanism 900; Clamping push rod 901; Circular slide 902; Cross-shaped reinforcing frame 903; Adjustment screw 904; Screw support 905. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0020] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 12 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0022] Example 1: like Figures 1-12As shown, a stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions includes an upper die 100 and a lower die 200 arranged opposite to each other. The upper die 100 is connected to the output end of the pressing drive mechanism and can press against the lower die 200. A cavity is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the lower die 200, and a punch is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the upper die 100. The lower die 200 has a central through hole 201, and the cavity communicates with the central through hole 201. An adaptive positioning shaft structure 300 is slidably connected in the central through hole 201. The top end of the adaptive positioning shaft structure 300 extends out of the upper surface of the lower die 200 under normal conditions for positioning the workpiece. The bottom of the adaptive positioning shaft structure 300 is connected to the adjustment mechanism 400, and an elastic reset member 500 is provided between the adaptive positioning shaft structure 300 and the adjustment mechanism 400. The elastic reset member 500 can be a spring. The elastic reset member 500 is used to apply a reset force to the adaptive positioning shaft structure 300. During stamping, the adaptive positioning shaft structure 300 is subjected to pressure transmitted in the direction of the punch, and slides downward along the central through hole 201 to overcome the reset force of the elastic reset member 500, so that the top end is received in the central through hole 201 to make way for the punch. After stamping, the adaptive positioning shaft structure 300 slides upward to reset under the action of the reset force of the elastic reset member 500. The adaptive positioning shaft structure 300 includes a positioning shaft body 301, which is slidably fitted within a central through hole 201. A first slide rail 302 and a second slide rail 303 are sequentially formed at the bottom of the positioning shaft body 301 from bottom to top. The diameter of the first slide rail 302 is smaller than the diameter of the second slide rail 303. The adjustment mechanism 400 includes an adjustment slide shaft 401 and a height-limiting slider 402 fixed to the top of the adjustment slide shaft 401. The adjustment slide shaft 401 passes through the first slide rail 302, and the height-limiting slider 402 is slidably fitted within the second slide rail 303. An elastic reset member 500 is disposed within the second slide rail 303. The upper end of the elastic reset member 500 is fixed to the inner top wall of the second slide rail 303, and the lower end of the elastic reset member 500 is fixed to the upper surface of the height-limiting slider 402. The bottom of the adjusting slide shaft 401 is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes 403 spaced apart along the axial direction. The bottom of the lower mold 200 is fixedly provided with an end seat 600, which has a central hole. The bottom end of the adjusting slide shaft 401 is inserted into the central hole. A locking bolt 601 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the end seat 600. The locking bolt 601 is set perpendicular to the adjusting slide shaft 401, and the end of the locking bolt 601 is inserted laterally into one of the adjusting holes 403 to lock the axial position of the adjusting slide shaft 401.

[0023] The stamping die in this embodiment operates through the following processes: Feeding and positioning stage: The workpiece is placed above the cavity of the lower mold 200, aligning the single positioning hole of the workpiece with the central through hole 201. At this time, the adaptive positioning shaft structure 300 is in its normal state under the restoring force of the elastic reset member 500. The top end of the positioning shaft body 301 extends out of the upper surface of the lower mold 200 and is inserted into the positioning hole of the workpiece, completing the positioning of the workpiece.

[0024] During the stamping clearance stage: The pressing drive mechanism drives the upper die 100 to press against the lower die 200. The punch of the upper die 100 contacts the workpiece and applies pressure to it. When the force of the punch is transmitted to the positioning shaft body 301 through the workpiece, the positioning shaft body 301 is subjected to downward pressure. This pressure overcomes the restoring force of the elastic reset member 500, causing the positioning shaft body 301 to slide downward along the central through hole 201. When the positioning shaft body 301 slides downward, it drives the adjusting slide shaft 401 and the height limiting slider 402 to move downward synchronously, and the elastic reset member 500 is compressed and stores energy. When the top of the positioning shaft body 301 is completely contained within the central through hole 201, the punch obtains sufficient processing space to complete the stamping processing of the workpiece positioning hole. No interference or collision occurs between the positioning shaft body 301 and the punch.

[0025] Reset preparation stage: After stamping is completed, the pressing drive mechanism drives the upper mold 100 to move upward, and the punch leaves the workpiece. At this time, the elastic reset component 500 releases the stored elastic potential energy, applies an upward thrust to the height limiting slider 402, and pushes the adjusting slide shaft 401 and the positioning shaft body 301 to slide upward, so that the top of the positioning shaft body 301 protrudes again from the upper surface of the lower mold 200, returning to the normal state, ready to position the next workpiece.

[0026] Height adjustment process: For workpieces of different thicknesses, the initial extension height of the positioning shaft body 301 can be adjusted to adapt. During adjustment, loosen the locking bolt 601 so that the end of the locking bolt 601 exits from the adjustment socket 403; move the adjusting slide shaft 401 up or down, and the adjusting slide shaft 401 compresses or releases the elastic reset member 500 through the height limiting slider 402, thereby changing the initial position of the positioning shaft body 301; when the top extension height of the positioning shaft body 301 is adapted to the current workpiece thickness, stop moving the adjusting slide shaft 401, tighten the locking bolt 601 so that the end of the locking bolt 601 is inserted into the adjustment socket 403 of the corresponding height, and complete the axial position locking.

[0027] This invention utilizes the sliding fit between the adaptive positioning shaft structure 300 and the central through hole 201. Under normal conditions, the positioning shaft body 301 is inserted into a single locating hole on the workpiece for precise positioning. During stamping, the positioning shaft body 301 automatically retracts into the central through hole 201 under the pressure of the punch, avoiding rigid interference collisions with the punch. After stamping, it automatically resets and re-extends under the action of the elastic reset component 500, achieving a fully automatic cycle of positioning, repositioning, and resetting. This effectively solves the contradiction of a single locating hole on a special workpiece needing both positioning and being damaged during processing, eliminating the need for manual disassembly and assembly of the positioning component and maintaining processing efficiency. Furthermore, by adjusting the engagement of multiple axially spaced adjusting holes 403 at the bottom of the sliding shaft 401 with the locking bolts 601, the initial extension height of the positioning shaft body 301 can be quickly adjusted to adapt to the processing requirements of workpieces of different thicknesses, improving the versatility of the mold and reducing mold replacement costs when processing multi-specification workpieces. Furthermore, the elastic reset element 500 within the second slide rail 303 simultaneously serves as both a reset power source and a buffer energy absorber, ensuring stable force distribution on the positioning shaft body 301 during the reset process, preventing hard impacts and extending the service life of both the positioning shaft body 301 and the elastic reset element 500. The overall structure of this invention employs a purely mechanical design, requiring no external power source or control system. It features a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and convenient maintenance, making it suitable for widespread application in various stamping equipment.

[0028] Example 2: like Figures 1-12As shown, the bottom of the positioning shaft body 301 has an inverted conical shaft section 304, the diameter of which gradually increases from top to bottom; the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the lower mold 200 has three or more movable roller mechanisms 700 evenly arranged circumferentially; the movable roller mechanisms 700 normally abut against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401; during the stamping process, the positioning shaft body 301 slides downward, the inverted conical shaft section 304 enters the contact area of ​​multiple movable roller mechanisms 700, and the multiple movable roller mechanisms 700 gradually retract outward with the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section 304, forming a radial rolling guide for the positioning shaft body 301. The movable roller mechanism 700 includes: an assembly support 701, fixed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the lower mold 200; a transverse support 702, radially slidably connected to the assembly support 701; a lower roller 703, rotatably connected to the inner end of the transverse support 702; and a tension spring 704, sleeved on the transverse support 702, with both ends of the tension spring 704 abutting against the transverse support 702 and the assembly support 701, specifically, both ends of the tension spring 704 are fixedly connected to the spring seats of the transverse support 702 and the assembly support 701, respectively, for applying radial preload to the transverse support 702 pointing towards the adaptive positioning shaft structure 300; under normal conditions, the lower roller... 703 is rolled against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401 by the force of the tension spring 704; during the stamping process, the positioning shaft body 301 slides downward, and the inverted conical shaft section 304 enters the contact area of ​​the lower roller 703. The lower roller 703 gradually retracts outward with the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section 304, forming a radial rolling guide for the positioning shaft body 301; during the reset process after stamping, the lower roller 703 presses the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section 304 radially inward under the elastic force of the tension spring 704, generating an upward axial thrust component on the inverted conical shaft section 304 to assist the elastic reset member 500 in driving the positioning shaft body 301 to reset upward.

[0029] In this embodiment, the stamping die operates in conjunction with the movable roller mechanism 700, based on Embodiment 1, including the following processes: Normal guiding stage: During the feeding and positioning stage, the positioning shaft body 301 is in a normal state, and its adjusting slide shaft 401 is located in the contact area of ​​the movable roller mechanism 700. At this time, under the preload of the tension spring 704, the lower roller 703 of the movable roller mechanism 700 rolls against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401, applying a uniform radial preload to the adjusting slide shaft 401, so that the positioning shaft body 301 maintains a stable radially centered state within the central through hole 201, achieving zero-backlash radial guidance and eliminating lateral swaying of the positioning shaft body 301.

[0030] During the stamping rolling guidance stage: In the stamping process, the positioning shaft body 301 slides downward under the pressure of the punch. When the bottom inverted conical shaft section 304 of the positioning shaft body 301 enters the contact area of ​​the movable roller mechanism 700, the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section 304 contacts the lower roller 703. As the positioning shaft body 301 continues to slide down, the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section 304 pushes the lower roller 703 to gradually retract outward. The transverse support 702 overcomes the preload of the tension spring 704 and slides outward radially. During this process, the lower roller 703 always maintains rolling contact with the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section 304, forming a radial rolling guide for the positioning shaft body 301, ensuring that the positioning shaft body 301 does not laterally deviate during the retraction process, and improving the stability of the retraction process.

[0031] Reset Auxiliary Stage: After stamping, the positioning shaft body 301 slides upward to reset under the reset force of the elastic reset member 500. At this time, the contact position between the tapered surface of the inverted tapered shaft section 304 and the lower roller 703 gradually moves upward. The preload of the tension spring 704 pushes the lower roller 703 to press the tapered surface of the inverted tapered shaft section 304 radially inward, generating an upward axial thrust component on the inverted tapered shaft section 304. This axial thrust component is in the same direction as the reset force of the elastic reset member 500, jointly driving the positioning shaft body 301 to reset upward, forming a dual reset force, improving the reliability and reset speed of the reset process.

[0032] This invention applies radial preload to the positioning shaft body 301 through multiple surrounding movable roller mechanisms 700, achieving zero-backlash radial rolling guidance. This effectively eliminates lateral swaying of the positioning shaft body 301, ensuring that it maintains axial linear motion during retraction and reset, avoiding jamming or wear caused by lateral misalignment, and improving the working stability and service life of the mold. The invention also utilizes the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section 304 in conjunction with the conical surface of the lower roller 703. As the positioning shaft body 301 slides downward, the lower roller 703 gradually retracts outward with the conical surface, forming a smooth rolling guidance transition and avoiding hard friction and jamming. Simultaneously, during reset, the conical surface engagement generates an upward axial thrust component, assisting the elastic reset component 500 in driving the positioning shaft body 301 to reset upward, forming a dual reset power path. Even if the elastic reset component 500 experiences elasticity attenuation due to fatigue, the conical surface thrust of the lower roller 703 can still reliably drive the positioning shaft body 301 to reset, improving reset reliability. Furthermore, by applying continuous radial preload to the transverse support 702 through the tension spring 704, the lower roller 703 is kept in contact with the adjusting slide shaft 401 or the inverted conical shaft section 304 at all times, preventing the lower roller 703 from disengaging due to vibration or impact, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of the guide. This invention employs a rolling contact method, where the lower roller 703 and the adjusting slide shaft 401 or the inverted conical shaft section 304 engage in line contact rolling friction. This results in a low coefficient of friction, minimal wear, and requires no additional lubrication or maintenance, making it suitable for high-speed continuous stamping operations.

[0033] Example 3: like Figures 1-12 As shown, the side wall of the lower mold 200 is provided with a receiving slide that communicates with the mounting cavity, and the outer end of the transverse bracket 702 is slidably fitted in the receiving slide. When the lower roller 703 rolls on the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401, the outer end face of the transverse bracket 702 is flush with the outer wall of the lower mold 200. When the lower roller 703 rolls on the tapered surface of the inverted tapered shaft section 304, the outer end face of the transverse bracket 702 protrudes from the outer wall of the lower mold 200. By observing whether the outer end face of the transverse bracket 702 is flush with the outer wall of the lower mold 200, it can be determined whether the positioning shaft body 301 has been completely reset.

[0034] In this embodiment, the stamping die, based on Embodiment 2, adds a reset status indication function based on the position of the outer end face of the transverse support 702, including the following process: Fully reset indication state: When the positioning shaft body 301 is fully reset to its normal state, the lower roller 703 rolls against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401. At this time, the transverse support 702 is in the innermost radial position under the action of the tension spring 704, and the outer end face of the transverse support 702 is flush with the outer wall surface of the lower mold 200. When the operator visually observes that the outer end faces of multiple transverse supports 702 on the outer wall surface of the same lower mold 200 are all flush, it can be determined that the positioning shaft body 301 corresponding to all movable roller mechanisms 700 has been fully reset, and the mold is in a normal working state.

[0035] The clearance process is indicated as follows: When stamping begins and the positioning shaft body 301 slides downward, the inverted conical shaft section 304 enters the contact area of ​​the lower roller 703. The conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section 304 pushes the transverse support 702 to overcome the preload of the tension spring 704 and slide radially outward. The outer end face of the transverse support 702 gradually protrudes from the outer wall of the lower mold 200. The operator can observe the protrusion state of the outer end face of the transverse support 702 to determine in real time whether the positioning shaft body 301 is in the clearance process and the clearance depth range.

[0036] Reset process indication status: After stamping is completed, the positioning shaft body 301 slides upward to reset under the combined action of the elastic reset member 500 and the conical thrust of the lower roller 703. The inverted conical shaft section 304 gradually exits the contact area of ​​the lower roller 703, and the transverse support 702 gradually moves inward under the action of the tension spring 704. The outer end face of the transverse support 702 gradually approaches the outer wall surface of the lower mold 200. When the positioning shaft body 301 is fully reset, the outer end face of the transverse support 702 returns to being flush with the outer wall surface of the lower mold 200, completing one complete status indication cycle. Fault diagnosis process: During continuous stamping, if the operator observes that the outer end face of a certain transverse support 702 continues to protrude from the outer wall of the lower die 200 and does not return to a flush state, it can be determined that there is a reset fault in the positioning shaft body 301 corresponding to the transverse support 702. Possible causes include fatigue failure of the elastic reset component 500, insufficient tapered thrust due to surface wear of the inverted tapered shaft section 304, or foreign objects stuck in the central through hole 201. At this time, the machine can be stopped in time for inspection and repair to avoid the fault from expanding.

[0037] In this invention, the reset state of the positioning shaft body 301 is converted into a mechanical signal indicating whether the outer end face of the transverse support 702 is flush with or protruding from the outer wall of the lower mold 200. Operators can directly visually determine whether the positioning shaft body 301 is fully reset during equipment operation, without needing to stop the machine, disassemble the mold, or use any testing instruments. This intuitive and quick method significantly reduces the complexity of equipment maintenance and operation. By simultaneously observing the state of the outer end face of the transverse support 702 of multiple sets of movable roller mechanisms 700, this invention can simultaneously determine the reset state of multiple positioning shaft bodies 301, making it particularly suitable for complex mold structures with multiple positioning shafts and improving process monitoring efficiency in mass production. Furthermore, this invention uses a purely mechanical structure to achieve reset state indication, eliminating the need for electrical components such as sensors, controllers, or display devices. It is unaffected by electrical faults, signal interference, or environmental factors, ensuring reliable and accurate indication results. It also boasts low manufacturing costs and convenient maintenance, making it suitable for widespread application in various stamping equipment. By observing the changes in the state of the outer end face of the transverse support 702 in real time, it is helpful to detect reset faults in a timely manner and take shutdown measures to avoid workpiece positioning errors, stamping scraps or mold damage caused by the incomplete reset of the positioning shaft body 301, thereby improving the safety and yield of the production process.

[0038] Example 4: like Figures 1-12As shown, the adjustable and adaptive stamping die further includes: a fixed roller mechanism 800 uniformly surrounding and connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the lower die 200, with three or more fixed roller mechanisms 800 located above three or more movable roller mechanisms 700; all three or more fixed roller mechanisms 800 are connected to a clamping adjustment mechanism 900 installed in the mounting cavity of the lower die 200, so as to roll against the side walls of the adjusting slide shafts 401 of different diameters under the control of the clamping adjustment mechanism 900. The fixed roller mechanism 800 includes: an upper roller 801 rolling against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401, the upper roller 801 being rotatably connected to the inner end of the movable slide 802, the top of the movable slide 802 being slidably fitted in a T-shaped groove on the top surface of the inner surface of the mounting cavity of the lower die 200 via a T-shaped slider; the outer end of the movable slide 802 being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the lower die 200 via a tension spring 803; and the bottom of the movable slide 802 being connected to the clamping adjustment mechanism 900. The clamping and adjusting mechanism 900 includes: a clamping push rod 901 rotatably connected to the bottom of the movable slide 802, the lower end of the clamping push rod 901 being rotatably connected to the annular slide 902, the annular slide 902 being slidably fitted to the inner side wall of the mounting cavity of the lower mold 200; a cross-shaped reinforcing frame 903 being fixedly connected in the middle of the annular slide 902, the cross-shaped reinforcing frame 903 having a limiting sliding hole in the middle that is slidably fitted to the adjusting slide shaft 401; the annular slide 902 being rotatably connected to the top of two adjusting screws 904, the middle of the two adjusting screws 904 being threadedly connected to two screw supports 905 on the inner side wall of the mounting cavity of the lower mold 200, the screw supports 905 being threadedly connected to locking screws, the locking screws abutting against the side wall of the adjusting screws 904. The lower mold 200 has a transverse internal thread hole on its side wall. The internal thread of the transverse internal thread hole is connected to the reinforcing screw 202. The inner end of the reinforcing screw 202 passes through the tension spring 803 and abuts against the outer end of the movable slide 802.

[0039] In this embodiment, the stamping die operates with the cooperation of a fixed roller mechanism 800 and a clamping adjustment mechanism 900. The upper roller 801 of the fixed roller mechanism 800 remains pressed against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401 under the thrust of the clamping adjustment mechanism 900. Specifically, the clamping adjustment mechanism 900 applies an inward radial thrust to the movable slide 802 via the clamping push rod 901. The movable slide 802 drives the upper roller 801 to move radially inward, pressing it tightly against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401, applying an upper radial clamping force to the adjusting slide shaft 401. This, together with the lower movable roller mechanism 700, forms a double-layer radial rolling guide system. When changing to adjusting slide shafts 401 of different diameters to accommodate workpieces of different specifications, the radial positions of all fixed roller mechanisms 800 need to be adjusted synchronously to ensure that the upper roller 801 always maintains tight contact with the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401. During adjustment, loosen the locking screw on the screw support 905 so that the end of the locking screw disengages from the side wall of the adjusting screw 904; rotate the two adjusting screws 904 synchronously, and the adjusting screws 904 drive the annular slide 902 to slide downward along the inner side wall of the mounting cavity of the lower mold 200 through thread transmission; when the annular slide 902 moves downward, it pushes the moving slide 802 to slide radially inward through the pressing push rod 901, and the moving slide 802 drives the upper roller 801 to move radially synchronously; when the radial position of the upper roller 801 is adapted to the diameter of the current adjusting slide shaft 401 and maintains tight contact, stop rotating the adjusting screw 904, tighten the locking screw so that the end of the locking screw tightly abuts against the side wall of the adjusting screw 904, lock the axial position of the adjusting screw 904, and complete the synchronous adjustment of the radial position of the fixed roller mechanism 800. During the operation of the fixed roller mechanism 800, the two ends of the tension spring 803 are respectively connected to the outer end of the movable slide 802 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the lower mold 200. The tension spring 803 applies tension and limiting effect to the movable slide 802 to prevent the movable slide 802 from shaking or displacing under the action of stamping vibration or upper load, and to ensure the stability of the upper roller 801 in the mating position. At the same time, the reinforcing screw 202 on the side wall of the lower mold 200 can be further screwed in, so that the inner end of the reinforcing screw 202 passes through the tension spring 803 and tightly abuts against the outer end of the movable slide 802, applying additional radial support force to the movable slide 802, and further improving the rigidity of the upper roller 801 in the mating state. During the downward sliding of the positioning shaft body 301, the upper roller 801 of the upper fixed roller mechanism 800 continuously presses against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft 401 under the thrust of the pressing and adjusting mechanism 900, providing upper rolling guidance; the lower roller 703 of the lower movable roller mechanism 700 gradually retracts outward with the tapered surface of the inverted tapered shaft section 304, providing lower rolling guidance; the double-layer guiding system ensures that the positioning shaft body 301 is radially constrained throughout the retraction process, avoiding skewing caused by single-point force or unilateral wear.

[0040] This invention utilizes a double-layer rolling guide system comprised of an upper fixed roller mechanism 800 and a lower movable roller mechanism 700. This system ensures that the positioning shaft body 301 is radially constrained throughout its entire stroke within the central through hole 201, effectively improving its resistance to lateral misalignment and its guiding rigidity. It is particularly suitable for applications with long strokes or large length-to-diameter ratios of the positioning shaft body 301. By simultaneously controlling the radial movement of three or more fixed roller mechanisms 800 via a tightening and adjusting mechanism 900, the radial position of the upper guide rollers can be synchronously adjusted. The adjustment process requires only the synchronous rotation of two adjusting screws 904, making operation simple, adjustment highly accurate, and ensuring that the radial positions of all fixed roller mechanisms 800 remain consistent, avoiding uneven wear caused by excessive tightness or looseness on one side. The tension spring 803 applies tension and limits to the movable slide 802, preventing it from swaying or shifting under impact and vibration, thus ensuring the stability of the upper roller 801's abutment position. Simultaneously, the reinforcing screw 202 further applies radial support to the outer end of the movable slide 802, forming a double-limiting support, further improving the reliability and rigidity of the upper guide. The cross-shaped reinforcing frame 903 connects the annular slide 902 to the two adjusting screws 904, ensuring even force distribution on the annular slide 902 and preventing skewing or jamming during adjustment. Furthermore, the limiting sliding hole in the center of the cross-shaped reinforcing frame 903 slides in conjunction with the adjusting slide shaft 401, providing additional radial support to the adjusting slide shaft 401 and improving its overall rigidity.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Other modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions, comprising an upper die and a lower die arranged opposite to each other, the upper die being connected to the output end of a pressing drive mechanism and capable of pressing against the lower die; a cavity is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the lower die, and a punch is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the upper die; characterized in that: The lower die has a central through hole, and the die cavity is connected to the central through hole. An adaptive positioning shaft structure is slidably connected inside the central through hole. The top end of the adaptive positioning shaft structure extends out of the upper surface of the lower die under normal conditions to position the workpiece. The bottom of the adaptive positioning shaft structure is connected to the adjustment mechanism, and an elastic reset member is provided between the adaptive positioning shaft structure and the adjustment mechanism. The elastic reset member is used to apply a reset force to the adaptive positioning shaft structure. During stamping, the adaptive positioning shaft structure is subjected to pressure transmitted in the direction of the punch, overcomes the reset force of the elastic reset member, slides downward along the central through hole, and accommodates the top end inside the central through hole to make way for the punch. After stamping, the adaptive positioning shaft structure slides upward and resets under the reset force of the elastic reset member.

2. The stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive positioning shaft structure includes a positioning shaft body, which is slidably fitted into a central through hole. The bottom of the positioning shaft body has a first slide rail and a second slide rail sequentially formed from bottom to top. The diameter of the first slide rail is smaller than the diameter of the second slide rail. The adjustment mechanism includes an adjusting slide shaft and a height-limiting slider fixed to the top of the adjusting slide shaft. The adjusting slide shaft passes through the first slide rail, and the height-limiting slider is slidably fitted into the second slide rail. An elastic reset member is disposed within the second slide rail. The upper end of the elastic reset member is fixed to the inner top wall of the second slide rail, and the lower end of the elastic reset member is fixed to the upper surface of the height-limiting slider.

3. The stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the adjusting slide shaft is provided with multiple adjusting holes spaced apart along the axial direction. The bottom of the lower mold is fixed with an end seat, which has a central hole. The bottom end of the adjusting slide shaft is inserted into the central hole. A locking bolt is threadedly connected to the bottom of the end seat. The locking bolt is set perpendicular to the adjusting slide shaft, and the end of the locking bolt is inserted laterally into one of the adjusting holes to lock the axial position of the adjusting slide shaft.

4. The stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the positioning shaft body has an inverted conical shaft section, the diameter of which gradually increases from top to bottom; the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the lower mold has three or more movable roller mechanisms evenly arranged circumferentially; the movable roller mechanisms are in contact with the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft under normal conditions; during the stamping process, the positioning shaft body slides downward, the inverted conical shaft section enters the contact area of ​​multiple movable roller mechanisms, and the multiple movable roller mechanisms gradually retract outward with the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section, forming a radial rolling guide for the positioning shaft body.

5. The stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The movable roller mechanism includes: an assembly support, fixed to the inner wall of the lower mold mounting cavity; a transverse support, radially slidably connected to the assembly support; a lower roller, rotatably connected to the inner end of the transverse support; and a tension spring, sleeved on the transverse support, with its two ends abutting against the transverse support and the assembly support respectively, used to apply radial preload to the transverse support pointing towards the adaptive positioning shaft structure. Under normal conditions, the lower roller is rolled against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft by the force of the tension spring. During the stamping process, the positioning shaft body slides downward, and the inverted conical shaft section enters the contact area of ​​the lower roller. The lower roller gradually retracts outward with the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section, forming a radial rolling guide for the positioning shaft body. During the reset process after stamping, the lower roller, under the elastic force of the tension spring, presses the conical surface of the inverted conical shaft section radially inward, generating an upward axial thrust component on the inverted conical shaft section to assist the elastic reset component in driving the positioning shaft body to reset upward.

6. The stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower mold has a receiving slide that communicates with the mounting cavity on its side wall, and the outer end of the transverse bracket slides into the receiving slide. When the lower roller rolls on the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft, the outer end face of the transverse bracket is flush with the outer wall of the lower mold. When the lower roller rolls on the tapered surface of the inverted tapered shaft section, the outer end face of the transverse bracket protrudes from the outer wall of the lower mold. By observing whether the outer end face of the transverse bracket is flush with the outer wall of the lower mold, it can be determined whether the positioning shaft body has been completely reset.

7. The stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A fixed roller mechanism is uniformly connected to the inner wall of the lower mold mounting cavity, with three or more fixed roller mechanisms located above three or more movable roller mechanisms; all three or more fixed roller mechanisms are connected to a clamping adjustment mechanism installed in the lower mold mounting cavity, so that they roll against the side walls of adjusting slide shafts of different diameters under the control of the clamping adjustment mechanism.

8. The stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixed roller mechanism includes: an upper roller that rolls against the side wall of the adjusting slide shaft; the upper roller is rotatably connected to the inner end of the movable slide; the top of the movable slide is slidably fitted in the T-shaped groove on the top surface of the lower mold mounting cavity through a T-shaped slider; the outer end of the movable slide is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower mold mounting cavity through a tension spring; and the bottom of the movable slide is connected to the clamping and adjusting mechanism.

9. The stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions according to claim 8, characterized in that, The clamping and adjusting mechanism includes: a clamping push rod rotatably connected to the bottom of the movable slide, the lower end of which is rotatably connected to the annular slide, which slides against the inner side wall of the lower mold mounting cavity; a cross-shaped reinforcing frame fixedly connected in the middle of the annular slide, the cross-shaped reinforcing frame having a limiting sliding hole in the middle that slides against the adjusting slide shaft; the annular slide being rotatably connected to the top of two adjusting screws, the middle of which is threadedly connected to two screw supports on the inner side wall of the lower mold mounting cavity, and locking screws threadedly connected to the screw supports, the locking screws abutting against the side wall of the adjusting screws.

10. The stamping die with adjustable and adaptive functions according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lower mold sidewall has a transverse internal thread hole, and a reinforcing screw is connected to the transverse internal thread hole. The inner end of the reinforcing screw passes through the tension spring and abuts against the outer end of the movable slide.

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