A laser cutting process for sheet metal parts that combines multi-angle clamping and dynamic heat dissipation

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of sheet metal laser cutting technology, and relates to a sheet metal laser cutting process that combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation. It includes a horizontal placement plate and a laser cutting machine body, with the laser cutting machine body mounted on top of the horizontal placement plate. This invention utilizes four sets of hydraulic telescopic rods in conjunction with a ball-joint linkage structure to enable the sheet metal placement plate to achieve multi-angle tilt adjustment within space, meeting the process requirements of cutting complex curved surfaces. Support legs are connected to the base plate via ball joints, ensuring the base plate remains perpendicular to the ground regardless of tilt. Combined with real-time distance measurement by an infrared distance sensor, the support legs can precisely extend to the ground, ensuring equipment stability at large tilt angles. Before extending the support legs, the ground is cleaned with a brush, and an industrial camera is used to confirm cleanliness before the support plate is placed on the ground, solving the problem of uneven support or equipment deviation caused by debris on site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sheet metal laser cutting technology, and relates to a sheet metal laser cutting process that takes into account both multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting of sheet metal parts is a widely used processing technology in manufacturing, especially in the processing of complex curved surface workpieces such as automotive parts, aerospace structural parts, and precision sheet metal covers. This often requires multi-angle clamping of the sheet metal to meet different cutting angle requirements. Existing laser cutting platforms typically use fixed horizontal worktables or can only achieve limited angle rotation along a single axis (such as around the X or Y axis), making it difficult to adapt to the spatial tilting cutting requirements of multiple degrees of freedom. When cutting complex curved surfaces or irregular contours, existing platforms have limited angle adjustment ranges, and the adjustment process relies on manual operation, resulting in low precision and poor efficiency.

[0003] Furthermore, traditional sheet metal clamping devices often employ rigid clamping methods, lacking a buffer structure. During clamping, excessive instantaneous impact force can easily cause edge deformation or indentation of thin-walled sheet metal parts. Simultaneously, if the heat generated during cutting cannot be dissipated promptly, it can easily cause localized thermal deformation of the sheet metal, affecting cutting accuracy, especially when the sheet metal is placed at an angle, where heat can easily accumulate in localized areas. On the other hand, the support structures of existing laser cutting platforms are mostly fixed-height or simple hydraulic supports, which cannot adaptively adjust according to the actual distance between the support point and the ground of the inclined plate, resulting in unstable support and even swaying when tilted. More importantly, laser cutting sites usually have a large amount of metal shavings and dust. When the support legs extend and land, if there are shavings on the ground or table, it will cause deviations in support height, uneven support force, and even cause the equipment to tilt or be damaged. Currently, few devices can automatically clean and inspect the support area before the support legs extend.

[0004] Compared with existing technologies, such as Chinese patent CN110328467A "A multi-angle adjustable laser cutting worktable and its usage method", the four corners of the worktable are pushed by four sets of hydraulic cylinders or electric cylinders driven by servo motors, thereby realizing the pitch and left and right angle adjustment of the worktable in space. The surface of the worktable adopts a matrix-type vacuum adsorption hole, and the plate is fixed by a vacuum pump.

[0005] Although the aforementioned existing technology achieves angle adjustment, its support legs are fixed and cannot adapt to changes in the center of gravity after tilting.

[0006] For example, Chinese patent CN213080432U discloses "a sheet metal laser cutting clamping device with heat dissipation function", which has an "H"-shaped fixing frame made of copper-aluminum composite metal with good thermal conductivity. Multiple heat dissipation fins are provided on both sides of the fixing frame for passive heat dissipation.

[0007] The aforementioned existing technologies are primarily based on static heat dissipation and simple clamping, and do not involve angle adjustment or dynamic support at all. Therefore, we propose a laser cutting process for sheet metal parts that combines multi-angle clamping with dynamic heat dissipation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing laser cutting platforms mostly use fixed horizontal worktables or can only rotate on a single axis with limited capacity, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of multi-degree-of-freedom tilt cutting. The adjustment process relies on manual labor, resulting in low precision and poor efficiency. There are usually a lot of metal chips and dust at the laser cutting site. When the support legs extend and land, there are chips on the ground, which can lead to deviations in support height, uneven support force, and even cause the equipment to tilt or be damaged.

[0009] The present invention provides a sheet metal laser cutting process that combines multi-angle clamping and dynamic heat dissipation, comprising: a horizontal placement plate and a laser cutting machine body, wherein the laser cutting machine body is mounted on the top of the horizontal placement plate; Four sets of angle adjustment mechanisms, each set of angle adjustment mechanisms includes a hydraulic telescopic rod, a first fixed plate, a first connecting ball, a connecting rod, and a second fixed plate. The hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the horizontally placed plate. The top of the hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the first fixed plate. The first connecting ball is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first fixed plate. One end of the first connecting ball is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate. The connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first connecting plate. The second fixed plate is rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting rod. A board placement plate, a second fixing plate fixedly connected to the board placement plate, a grid plate fixedly connected to the top of the placement plate, a plurality of inverted trapezoidal notches evenly distributed on the grid plate, and an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of the board placement plate in space; Four fixing components are respectively set on the top sides and both ends of the plate placement plate for clamping and fixing sheet metal parts; Four support mechanisms are provided, each of which is connected to the bottom of the plate placement board via a third fixing plate and a second connecting ball. The second connecting ball is rotatably connected to the inner side of the third fixing plate, and the third fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plate placement board. An angle sensor is installed at the center of the bottom of the board placement plate to detect the tilt angle of the board placement plate in real time.

[0010] Preferably, each of the fixing components includes a fourth fixing plate, a first servo motor, a screw, a first sliding rod, a guide rod, and a clamping plate. The fourth fixing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the plate placement board. The first servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth fixing plate. The output end of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the screw. The screw is rotatably connected to the fourth fixing plate. The outer side of the screw is threadedly connected to the first sliding rod. The two guide rods are slidably connected to the inner sides of both sides of the fourth fixing plate. The clamping plate is disposed at one end of the screw and the two guide rods. The first sliding rod and the guide rod are both fixedly connected to the clamping plate through a buffer assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the buffer assembly includes a fixed housing, a first sliding plate, and a spring. The fixed housing is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rod near the clamping plate. The first sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the fixed housing. One end of the first sliding plate is fixedly connected to the clamping plate. The spring is fixedly connected to the end of the first sliding plate away from the clamping plate and is located inside the fixed housing.

[0012] Preferably, each of the support mechanisms includes a fifth fixed plate, a second servo motor, a gear, a second sliding plate, and a limiting plate. The fifth fixed plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting ball. The second servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of one side of the fifth fixed plate. The output end of the second servo motor is fixedly connected to the gear, which is rotatably connected to the fifth fixed plate. The second sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the fifth fixed plate. The limiting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the second sliding plate and is slidably connected to the fifth fixed plate. A rack is fixedly connected to one side of the second sliding plate, and the rack meshes with the gear.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the support mechanisms also includes a third connecting plate, a third servo motor, a rotating rod, a fourth connecting plate, and a contact plate. The third connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second sliding plate. The third servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the third connecting plate. The output end of the third servo motor is fixedly connected to the rotating rod. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the third connecting plate. The fourth connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating rod. The contact plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fourth connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the fourth connecting plate is provided with a placement groove, a rotating motor is fixedly connected in the placement groove, a cleaning brush is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor, the cleaning brush is rotatably connected to the fourth connecting plate, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are evenly distributed on one side of the top of the fourth connecting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, an infrared single-point TOF ranging sensor is provided at the end of the fifth fixing plate away from the second servo motor.

[0016] Preferably, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to one end of the fifth fixing plate near the second servo motor, and an electromagnet is fixedly connected to the top of the electric push rod, with the top of the electromagnet contacting the bottom of the third fixing plate.

[0017] Furthermore, an industrial camera is provided on one side of the fifth fixing plate.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes the following steps; Step S1: Start the device. This device is controlled by a computer as the control terminal. The controller initializes the laser cutting machine body, angle adjustment mechanism, fixing components and support mechanism, and detects the connection status of each component. Step S2: According to the cutting process requirements, the controller, combined with the real-time feedback from the tilt sensor, calculates the required elongation of each hydraulic telescopic rod, and drives the plate placement board to tilt at multiple angles in space through the hydraulic telescopic rods. Step S3: Place the sheet metal part to be cut on the grid plate, start the first servo motor through the controller, drive the screw to rotate, drive the first sliding rod to slide along the guide rod, so that the clamping plate can elastically clamp and fix the sheet metal part through the buffer assembly, absorb the impact force and adapt to the thickness change. Step S4: After the board is tilted, the controller uses an infrared single-point TOF distance sensor to detect the distance between each support mechanism and the ground in real time, and calculates the required extension length of each support leg based on the distance measurement data. Step S5: The controller starts the second servo motor, drives the gear and rack to mesh, and drives the second sliding plate to slide down along the fifth fixed plate, so that the support leg extends to the predetermined length; Step S6: During the extension of the support leg, the controller starts the third servo motor to drive the rotating rod to rotate, switches the cleaning brush to contact the ground through the fourth connecting plate, and starts the rotating motor to drive the cleaning brush to actively clean the support area. Step S7: The controller acquires ground images in real time through an industrial camera to determine whether the ground in the support area is clean. When the detection meets the standard, the controller switches the contact plate to contact the ground through the third servo motor. Step S8: After the controller confirms that the support mechanism is stable, it starts the laser cutting machine body to perform laser cutting. During the cutting process, the cutting heat is dissipated through the inverted trapezoidal notch on the grid plate. Step S9: After cutting is completed, the controller controls the electromagnet to be de-energized according to the preset program, the electric push rod retracts, the second servo motor rotates in the opposite direction to retract the support leg, and each hydraulic telescopic rod retracts to restore the plate placement board to a horizontal state. Then the first servo motor starts in the opposite direction to release the fixation of the plate.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Four sets of hydraulic telescopic rods combined with a ball joint linkage structure enable the plate placement plate to achieve multi-angle tilt adjustment within space, meeting the process requirements of complex curved surface cutting; the support legs are connected to the base plate via ball joints, ensuring the base plate remains perpendicular to the ground regardless of tilt; and with infrared distance sensors measuring distance in real time, the support legs can precisely extend to the ground, ensuring equipment stability at large tilt angles; before extending the support legs, the ground is cleaned with a brush, and an industrial camera is used to confirm cleanliness before the support plate is placed on the ground, solving the problem of uneven support or equipment deviation caused by debris on site. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal state of the plate being placed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tilted state of the plate placement panel of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first fixing plate and the first connecting ball of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the screw and the first sliding rod of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the plate placement board and the tilt sensor of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second connecting sphere and the fifth fixing plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gear and rack connection of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second sliding plate and the third connecting plate of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fourth connecting plate and the placement groove of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Horizontal placement plate; 2. Laser cutting machine body; 3. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 4. First fixing plate; 5. First connecting ball; 6. First connecting plate; 7. Connecting rod; 8. Second fixing plate; 9. Sheet placement plate; 10. Grid plate; 11. Third fixing plate; 12. Second connecting ball; 13. Fourth fixing plate; 14. First servo motor; 15. Screw; 16. First sliding rod; 17. Guide rod; 18. Clamping plate; 19. Fixed outer shell; 20. First sliding plate; 21. 21. Spring; 22. Tilt sensor; 23. Fifth fixed plate; 24. Second servo motor; 25. Gear; 26. Second sliding plate; 27. Limiting plate; 28. Rack; 29. ​​Third connecting plate; 30. Third servo motor; 31. Rotating rod; 32. Fourth connecting plate; 33. Contact plate; 34. Placement slot; 35. Rotating motor; 36. Cleaning brush; 37. Heat dissipation hole; 38. Infrared single-point TOF ranging sensor; 39. Electric push rod; 40. Electromagnet; 41. Industrial camera. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0024] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, A sheet metal laser cutting process that combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation includes: a horizontal placement plate 1 and a laser cutting machine body 2, wherein the laser cutting machine body 2 is installed on the top of the horizontal placement plate 1. Four sets of angle adjustment mechanisms, each set including a hydraulic telescopic rod 3, a first fixed plate 4, a first connecting ball 5, a connecting rod 7, and a second fixed plate 8. The hydraulic telescopic rod 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the horizontally placed plate 1. The hydraulic telescopic rod 3 is a Parker servo hydraulic cylinder series customized as needed. The top of the hydraulic telescopic rod 3 is fixedly connected to the first fixed plate 4. The first connecting ball 5 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first fixed plate 4. One end of the first connecting ball 5 is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 6. The connecting rod 7 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first connecting plate 6. The second fixed plate 8 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting rod 7. The first servo motor 14, the second servo motor 24, and the third servo motor 30 are all Siemens 1FK7 series. The board placement plate 9 and the second fixing plate 8 are fixedly connected to the board placement plate 9. The top of the placement plate 9 is fixedly connected to the grid plate 10. Multiple inverted trapezoidal notches are evenly distributed on the grid plate 10. The angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the tilt angle of the board placement plate 9 in space. Four fixing components are respectively set on the top sides and ends of the sheet metal placement plate 9 for clamping and fixing sheet metal parts; Four support mechanisms are provided. Each support mechanism is connected to the bottom of the plate placement plate 9 via a third fixed plate 11 and a second connecting ball 12. The second connecting ball 12 is rotatably connected to the inside of the third fixed plate 11, and the third fixed plate 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plate placement plate 9. The tilt sensor 22 is installed at the center of the bottom of the board placement plate 9 to monitor the tilt angle of the board placement plate 9 in real time. The tilt sensor 22 is a German SICK: TMS22 series.

[0026] Each fixing component includes a fourth fixing plate 13, a first servo motor 14, a screw 15, a first sliding rod 16, a guide rod 17, and a clamping plate 18. The fourth fixing plate 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the plate placement plate 9. The first servo motor 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth fixing plate 13. The output end of the first servo motor 14 is fixedly connected to the screw 15. The screw 15 is rotatably connected to the fourth fixing plate 13. The outer side of the screw 15 is threadedly connected to the first sliding rod 16. The two guide rods 17 are slidably connected to the inner sides of both sides of the fourth fixing plate 13. The clamping plate 18 is disposed at one end of the screw 15 and the two guide rods 17. The first sliding rod 16 and the guide rods 17 are both fixedly connected to the clamping plate 18 through a buffer assembly. The fixing assembly drives the screw 15 to rotate via the first servo motor 14, which in turn drives the first sliding rod 16 to slide along the guide rod 17, enabling the clamping plate 18 to quickly clamp and release the plate. The two guide rods 17 provide guidance and anti-rotation functions for the first sliding rod 16, ensuring that the clamping plate 18 maintains a stable movement trajectory during clamping and avoiding uneven clamping force caused by skewing.

[0027] The buffer assembly includes a fixed housing 19, a first sliding plate 20, and a spring 21. The fixed housing 19 is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rod 17 near the clamping plate 18. The first sliding plate 20 is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed housing 19. One end of the first sliding plate 20 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 18. The spring 21 is fixedly connected to the end of the first sliding plate 20 away from the clamping plate 18. The spring 21 is located inside the fixed housing 19. The spring 21 in the buffer assembly provides elastic cushioning when the clamping plate 18 contacts the plate, absorbing the impact force during the clamping process and preventing the plate from being deformed or damaged due to excessive instantaneous clamping force.

[0028] Each support mechanism includes a fifth fixed plate 23, a second servo motor 24, a gear 25, a second sliding plate 26, and a limiting plate 27. The fifth fixed plate 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting ball 12. The second servo motor 24 is fixedly connected to one end of one side of the fifth fixed plate 23. The output end of the second servo motor 24 is fixedly connected to the gear 25, which is rotatably connected to the fifth fixed plate 23. The second sliding plate 26 is slidably connected to the inner side of the fifth fixed plate 23. The limiting plate 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the second sliding plate 26, which is slidably connected to the fifth fixed plate 23. A rack 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the second sliding plate 26, and the rack 28 meshes with the gear 25. The support mechanism drives the gear 25 to rotate via the second servo motor 24, which in turn drives the rack 28 and the second sliding plate 26 to slide along the fifth fixed plate 23, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the support leg. The limit plate 27 limits the stroke of the second sliding plate 26 to prevent the support leg from extending or retracting excessively, ensuring that the support mechanism operates within a safe range.

[0029] Each support mechanism also includes a third connecting plate 29, a third servo motor 30, a rotating rod 31, a fourth connecting plate 32, and a contact plate 33. The third connecting plate 29 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second sliding plate 26. The third servo motor 30 is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the third connecting plate 29. The output end of the third servo motor 30 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 31. The rotating rod 31 is rotatably connected to the third connecting plate 29. The fourth connecting plate 32 is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating rod 31. The contact plate 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fourth connecting plate 32. The third servo motor 30 drives the rotating rod 31 to rotate, which in turn drives the fourth connecting plate 32 and the contact plate 33 to rotate, thereby enabling the switching between the contact plate 33 and the cleaning brush 36.

[0030] The top of the fourth connecting plate 32 is provided with a placement slot 34, and a rotating motor 35 is fixedly connected in the placement slot 34. The rotating motor 35 is a Maxon EC series brushless motor. A cleaning brush 36 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor 35. The cleaning brush 36 is rotatably connected to the fourth connecting plate 32. Multiple heat dissipation holes 37 are evenly distributed on one side of the top of the fourth connecting plate 32. The cleaning brush 36 rotates under the drive of the rotating motor 35 to actively clean the ground in the support area.

[0031] An infrared single-point TOF ranging sensor 38 is installed at the end of the fifth fixed plate 23 away from the second servo motor 24. The infrared single-point TOF ranging sensor 38 is an STMicroelectronics VL53L1X series sensor. The infrared single-point TOF ranging sensor 38 detects the distance between the support mechanism and the ground in real time, providing accurate ranging data for the height adjustment of the support legs. This sensor can work stably in harsh environments such as dust and smoke at the laser cutting site, ensuring the reliability of the ranging data.

[0032] An electric push rod 39 is fixedly connected to one end of the fifth fixed plate 23 near the second servo motor 24. An electromagnet 40 is fixedly connected to the top of the electric push rod 39. The top of the electromagnet 40 contacts the bottom of the third fixed plate 11. When pushed by the electric push rod 39, the electromagnet 40 contacts the third fixed plate 11, generating a strong adsorption force after being energized, thus achieving rigid locking between the support mechanism and the plate placement plate 9. This design allows the support mechanism to freely adapt to angle changes during the adjustment phase and provides rigid support during the cleaning phase, balancing flexibility and stability. At the same time, the adsorption force after normal energization can maintain the stability of the fifth fixed plate 23 and prevent damage to the precision equipment on 23.

[0033] An industrial camera 41 is installed on one side of the fifth fixed plate 23. The industrial camera 41 is a German Basler: Ace series or Dart series. The industrial camera 41 collects ground images in real time and uses image processing algorithms to determine whether the ground in the support area is clean. This visual feedback function ensures the effectiveness of the cleaning process. The support leg is only allowed to land when the cleanliness meets the standard, which solves the problem of ground debris affecting the stability of the support.

[0034] A laser cutting process for sheet metal parts that combines multi-angle clamping and dynamic heat dissipation includes the following steps; Step S1: Start the device. This device is controlled by a computer as the control terminal. The controller initializes the laser cutting machine body 2, angle adjustment mechanism, fixing components and support mechanism, and detects the connection status of each component. Step S2: According to the cutting process requirements, the controller, in conjunction with the real-time feedback of the tilt sensor 22, calculates the required elongation of each hydraulic telescopic rod 3, and drives the plate placement plate 9 to perform multi-angle tilt adjustment in space through the hydraulic telescopic rod 3; Step S3: Place the sheet metal part to be cut on the grid plate 10, start the first servo motor 14 through the controller, drive the screw 15 to rotate, drive the first sliding rod 16 to slide along the guide rod 17, so that the clamping plate 18 can elastically clamp and fix the sheet metal part through the buffer assembly, absorb the impact force and adapt to the thickness change. Step S4: After the plate 9 is tilted, the controller uses the infrared single-point TOF distance sensor 38 to detect the distance between each support mechanism and the ground in real time, and calculates the required extension length of each support leg based on the distance measurement data. Step S5: The controller starts the second servo motor 24, drives the gear 25 to mesh with the rack 28, and drives the second sliding plate 26 to slide down along the fifth fixed plate 23, so that the support leg extends to the predetermined length; Step S6: During the extension of the support leg, the controller starts the third servo motor 30 to drive the rotating rod 31 to rotate, and switches the cleaning brush 36 to contact the ground through the fourth connecting plate 32, and starts the rotating motor 35 to drive the cleaning brush 36 to actively clean the support area. Step S7: The controller acquires ground images in real time through the industrial camera 41 to determine whether the ground in the support area is clean. When the detection meets the standard, the controller switches the contact plate 33 to contact the ground through the third servo motor 30. Step S8: After the controller confirms that the support mechanism is stable, it starts the laser cutting machine body 2 to perform laser cutting. During the cutting process, the cutting heat is dissipated through the inverted trapezoidal notch on the grid plate 10. Step S9: After cutting is completed, the controller controls the electromagnet 40 to be de-energized according to the preset program, the electric push rod 39 retracts, the second servo motor 24 rotates in the opposite direction to retract the support leg, and each hydraulic telescopic rod 3 retracts to restore the plate placement plate 9 to a horizontal state. Then the first servo motor 14 starts in the opposite direction to release the fixation of the plate.

[0035] Working principle: Before laser cutting, the angle of the plate placement plate 9 needs to be adjusted according to the cutting process requirements. The controller calculates the required elongation of each hydraulic telescopic rod 3 based on the preset target angle value and the current angle data of the plate placement plate 9 fed back in real time by the tilt sensor 22. Each hydraulic telescopic rod 3 operates simultaneously, pushing the first connecting ball 5 through the first fixed plate 4 at its top. With the cooperation of the connecting rod 7 and the second fixed plate 8, the first connecting ball 5 transmits the thrust to the four corners of the plate placement plate 9. Due to the different extension and retraction amounts of the multiple sets of hydraulic telescopic rods 3, the plate placement plate 9 can tilt freely in the left-right and front-back directions under the coordinated action of multiple first connecting balls 5 and the second fixed plate 8, realizing multi-angle adjustment. After the sheet metal placement plate 9 is adjusted to the target angle, the sheet metal part to be cut is placed on the top grid plate 10 of the sheet metal placement plate 9. The first servo motor 14 is started, and the first servo motor 14 drives the screw 15 to rotate. The screw 15 drives the first sliding rod 16 to slide along the guide rod 17. The first sliding rod 16 pushes the clamping plate 18 towards the sheet metal through the buffer assembly. When the clamping plate 18 contacts the metal sheet, the spring 21 provides elastic buffering to absorb the clamping impact force. At the same time, the clamping plate 18 adapts to the slight thickness changes of the sheet metal to ensure that the clamping force is evenly distributed, thus completing the clamping and fixing of the sheet metal. When unloaded, the extension and retraction of the hydraulic telescopic rod 3 is strictly linearly related to the feedback of the tilt sensor 22. The weight of the plate will not cause structural deformation, and the angle adjustment accuracy is the highest. Therefore, the angle needs to be adjusted before placing the plate. Subsequently, the support mechanism is activated. When the board placement plate 9 tilts, the third fixing plate 11 tilts accordingly. Due to gravity, the ball head of the second connecting ball 12 rotates freely within the third fixing plate 11. The lower half of the second connecting ball 12 will naturally droop down, always pointing in the direction of gravity. Therefore, no matter how the board placement plate 9 tilts, the bottom axis of the second connecting ball 12 will always remain perpendicular to the ground. The distance between each support mechanism and the ground is detected in real time by an infrared single-point TOF ranging sensor 38. The controller calculates the required extension length of each support leg based on the ranging data. Then, the second servo motor 24 starts and drives the gear 25 to rotate. The gear 25 meshes with the rack 28 and drives the second sliding plate 26 to slide down along the fifth fixed plate 23. At the same time, the third servo motor 30 drives the rotating rod 31 to rotate. The angle of the contact plate 33 is adjusted by the fourth connecting plate 32 so that the cleaning brush 36 contacts the ground. At this time, the rotating motor 35 drives the cleaning brush 36 to rotate, so that the cleaning brush 36 cleans the top of the horizontally placed plate 2. The industrial camera 41 detects that the area on the top of the horizontally placed plate 2 is clean. When the industrial camera 41 detects that it is clean, the third servo motor 30 switches the contact plate 33 to contact the ground. During the cleaning process of the cleaning brush 36, the electric push rod 39 is pushed upward, causing the electromagnet 40 to contact the third fixed plate 11. After the electromagnet 40 is energized, it generates a strong magnetic attraction force, which rigidly locks the support mechanism and the third fixed plate 11, ensuring the stability of the fifth fixed plate 23 during the cleaning process and effectively preventing shaking and displacement. Finally, the laser cutting machine body 2 is started to carry out laser cutting. During the cutting process, the inverted trapezoidal notch at the top of the grid plate 10 dissipates the heat generated during cutting in time, avoiding heat accumulation that could lead to thermal deformation of the plate, thus improving cutting quality and processing stability. After the cutting is completed, the laser cutting machine body 21 is turned off, the electromagnet 40 is de-energized, the electric push rod 39 retracts, the second servo motor 24 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the second sliding plate 26 to slide upward, causing the support legs to retract, and each hydraulic telescopic rod 3 to retract, so that the plate placement plate 9 returns to a horizontal state. Then, the first servo motor 14 starts in the opposite direction, driving the screw 15 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the first sliding rod 16 and the clamping plate 18 to move away from the plate, loosening the fixation on the plate, and taking out the processed sheet metal part.

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser cutting process for sheet metal parts that combines multi-angle clamping and dynamic heat dissipation, characterized in that, include: A horizontal placement plate (1) and a laser cutting machine body (2) are mounted on top of the horizontal placement plate (1); Four sets of angle adjustment mechanisms, each set of angle adjustment mechanisms includes a hydraulic telescopic rod (3), a first fixed plate (4), a first connecting ball (5), a connecting rod (7) and a second fixed plate (8). The hydraulic telescopic rod (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the horizontally placed plate (1). The top of the hydraulic telescopic rod (3) is fixedly connected to the first fixed plate (4). The first connecting ball (5) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first fixed plate (4). One end of the first connecting ball (5) is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate (6). The connecting rod (7) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first connecting plate (6). The second fixed plate (8) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting rod (7). The board placement plate (9) is fixedly connected to the second fixing plate (8). A grid plate (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the placement plate (9). Multiple inverted trapezoidal notches are evenly distributed on the grid plate (10). The angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the tilt angle of the board placement plate (9) in space. Four fixing components are respectively set on the top sides and ends of the plate placement plate (9) for clamping and fixing sheet metal parts; Four support mechanisms are provided, each of which is connected to the bottom of the plate placement plate (9) via a third fixed plate (11) and a second connecting ball (12). The second connecting ball (12) is rotatably connected to the inside of the third fixed plate (11), and the third fixed plate (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plate placement plate (9). An inclination sensor (22) is installed at the bottom center of the plate placement plate (9) to monitor the inclination angle of the plate placement plate (9) in real time.

2. The sheet metal laser cutting process according to claim 1, which combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation, is characterized in that... Each of the fixing components includes a fourth fixing plate (13), a first servo motor (14), a screw (15), a first sliding rod (16), a guide rod (17), and a clamping plate (18). The fourth fixing plate (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the plate placement plate (9). The first servo motor (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth fixing plate (13). The output end of the first servo motor (14) is fixedly connected to the screw (15). The screw (15) is rotatably connected to the fourth fixing plate (13). The outer side of the screw (15) is threadedly connected to the first sliding rod (16). The two guide rods (17) are slidably connected to the inner sides of both sides of the fourth fixing plate (13). The clamping plate (18) is disposed at one end of the screw (15) and the two guide rods (17). The first sliding rod (16) and the guide rods (17) are both fixedly connected to the clamping plate (18) through a buffer assembly.

3. The sheet metal laser cutting process according to claim 2, which combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation, is characterized in that... The buffer assembly includes a fixed housing (19), a first sliding plate (20), and a spring (21). The fixed housing (19) is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rod (17) near the clamping plate (18). The first sliding plate (20) is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed housing (19). One end of the first sliding plate (20) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (18). The spring (21) is fixedly connected to the end of the first sliding plate (20) away from the clamping plate (18). The spring (21) is located inside the fixed housing (19).

4. The sheet metal laser cutting process according to claim 1, which combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation, is characterized in that... Each of the support mechanisms includes a fifth fixed plate (23), a second servo motor (24), a gear (25), a second sliding plate (26), and a limiting plate (27). The fifth fixed plate (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting ball (12). The second servo motor (24) is fixedly connected to one end of the fifth fixed plate (23). The output end of the second servo motor (24) is fixedly connected to the gear (25). The gear (25) is rotatably connected to the fifth fixed plate (23). The second sliding plate (26) is slidably connected to the inner side of the fifth fixed plate (23). The limiting plate (27) is fixedly connected to the top of the second sliding plate (26). The limiting plate (27) is slidably connected to the fifth fixed plate (23). A rack (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the second sliding plate (26). The rack (28) meshes with the gear (25).

5. The sheet metal laser cutting process according to claim 4, which combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation, is characterized in that... Each of the support mechanisms further includes a third connecting plate (29), a third servo motor (30), a rotating rod (31), a fourth connecting plate (32), and a contact plate (33). The third connecting plate (29) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second sliding plate (26). The third servo motor (30) is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the third connecting plate (29). The output end of the third servo motor (30) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (31). The rotating rod (31) is rotatably connected to the third connecting plate (29). The fourth connecting plate (32) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating rod (31). The contact plate (33) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fourth connecting plate (32).

6. According to claim 5, a sheet metal laser cutting process that combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation is provided on the top of the fourth connecting plate (32), a placement groove (34) is provided on the top of the placement groove (34), a rotating motor (35) is fixedly connected in the placement groove (34), a cleaning brush (36) is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor (35), the cleaning brush (36) is rotatably connected to the fourth connecting plate (32), and a plurality of heat dissipation holes (37) are evenly distributed on one side of the top of the fourth connecting plate (32).

7. The sheet metal laser cutting process according to claim 6, which combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation, is characterized in that... An infrared single-point TOF ranging sensor (38) is provided at the end of the fifth fixed plate (23) away from the second servo motor (24).

8. The sheet metal laser cutting process according to claim 7, which combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation, is characterized in that... An electric push rod (39) is fixedly connected to one end of the fifth fixed plate (23) near the second servo motor (24). An electromagnet (40) is fixedly connected to the top of the electric push rod (39). The top of the electromagnet (40) is in contact with the bottom of the third fixed plate (11).

9. The sheet metal laser cutting process according to claim 4, which combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation, is characterized in that... An industrial camera (41) is provided on one side of the fifth fixing plate (23).

10. The sheet metal laser cutting process according to claim 9, which combines multi-angle clamping and follow-up heat dissipation, is characterized in that: It also includes the following steps; Step S1: Start the device. This device is controlled by a computer as the control terminal. The controller initializes the laser cutting machine body (2), angle adjustment mechanism, fixing components and support mechanism, and detects the connection status of each component. Step S2: According to the cutting process requirements, the controller, combined with the real-time feedback of the tilt sensor (22), calculates the required elongation of each hydraulic telescopic rod (3), and drives the plate placement plate (9) to perform multi-angle tilt adjustment in space through the hydraulic telescopic rod (3); Step S3: Place the sheet metal part to be cut on the grid plate (10), start the first servo motor (14) through the controller, drive the screw (15) to rotate, drive the first sliding rod (16) to slide along the guide rod (17), so that the clamping plate (18) can elastically clamp and fix the sheet metal part through the buffer assembly, absorb the impact force and adapt to the thickness change. Step S4: After the plate (9) is tilted, the controller uses an infrared single-point TOF distance sensor (38) to detect the distance between each support mechanism and the ground in real time, and calculates the required extension length of each support leg based on the distance measurement data. Step S5: The controller starts the second servo motor (24), drives the gear (25) to mesh with the rack (28), and drives the second sliding plate (26) to slide down along the fifth fixed plate (23), so that the support leg extends to the predetermined length; Step S6: During the extension of the support leg, the controller starts the third servo motor (30) to drive the rotating rod (31) to rotate, and switches the cleaning brush (36) to contact the ground through the fourth connecting plate (32), and starts the rotating motor (35) to drive the cleaning brush (36) to actively clean the support area; Step S7: The controller collects ground images in real time through the industrial camera (41) to determine whether the ground in the support area is clean. When the detection meets the standard, the controller switches the contact plate (33) to contact the ground through the third servo motor (30). Step S8: After the controller confirms that the support mechanism is stable, it starts the laser cutting machine body (2) to carry out laser cutting. During the cutting process, the cutting heat is dissipated through the inverted trapezoidal notch on the grid plate (10). Step S9: After the cutting is completed, the controller controls the electromagnet (40) to be de-energized according to the preset program, the electric push rod (39) retracts, the second servo motor (24) rotates in the opposite direction to retract the support leg, and each hydraulic telescopic rod (3) retracts to restore the plate placement plate (9) to a horizontal state. Then the first servo motor (14) starts in the opposite direction to loosen the fixation of the plate.

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