A smart laser cutting device and method based on profile processing

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting, specifically an intelligent laser cutting device and method for profile processing. The device includes a frame, material conveying, clamping and positioning, laser cutting, vision, and control system. Its core components include a flexible clamping unit with pressure feedback, a dual industrial camera vision system, a rotary robotic arm cutting structure integrating dust adsorption, and a liftable conveying roller assembly, along with a waste collection trough. The processing method is completed in five steps: equipment initialization, contour acquisition, path planning and clamping, dynamic cutting compensation, and material unloading traceability. This invention achieves intelligent linkage across the entire system chain, adapting to the processing needs of profiles with different contours and specifications. It can dynamically plan paths and compensate for cutting deviations, simultaneously collect dust and waste, and ensure full traceability of processing data. This effectively solves problems such as poor adaptability, low cutting accuracy, and disjointed processes associated with traditional equipment, significantly improving profile processing accuracy and efficiency, reducing production scrap rates, and adapting to the intelligent processing needs of complex profiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting, specifically an intelligent laser cutting device and method based on profile processing. Background Technology

[0002] As the manufacturing industry upgrades towards intelligence and precision, the processing quality and efficiency of profiles, as core basic components, are becoming increasingly critical. Laser cutting, due to its advantages of non-contact operation, high precision, and high flexibility, has become the mainstream method for profile processing. However, it has shortcomings in adaptability, intelligent control, and precise positioning, making it difficult to meet the processing needs of complex profiles. Existing rigid clamping and positioning devices cannot adapt to profiles with different outer contours, and uneven clamping force can easily lead to profile deformation or positioning deviations, affecting cutting accuracy. Laser cutting heads lack integrated sensing modules, making it difficult to perceive changes in processing posture and focus in real time, and their multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment is insufficient, easily resulting in blind spots or collisions when dealing with irregularly shaped profiles.

[0003] Traditional equipment lacks a linkage mechanism between contour acquisition and intelligent path planning, relying on manual input of parameters and preset paths. It cannot dynamically adjust strategies according to the actual shape of the profile, resulting in low efficiency and easy scrapping due to slight deformation or installation deviation. Although existing intelligent solutions incorporate automation modules, they suffer from fragmented technology and fail to achieve full-chain coordination of contour acquisition, adaptive clamping, and dynamic control. A single sensor cannot form a closed-loop feedback with the vision and control system, limiting the adaptability of flexible clamping.

[0004] With rising raw material costs and stringent requirements for processing precision, the aforementioned shortcomings have become the core bottleneck for upgrading profile processing. Therefore, developing intelligent laser cutting devices and methods that integrate visual acquisition, adaptive clamping, and sensor-linked control is an urgent need for the industry to address pain points and improve processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] This invention provides an intelligent laser cutting device based on profile processing, including a frame, a material conveying system, a clamping and positioning system, a laser cutting system, a vision system, and a control system;

[0007] The top of the frame is equipped with a processing platform, which has two parallel mounting slots for assembling a material conveying system; a rectangular clearance area is provided in the middle of the processing platform corresponding to the cutting station, and a waste collection trough is provided below it. The waste collection trough is fixed to the inside of the frame for collecting cutting waste.

[0008] The material conveying system is assembled on the processing platform and includes a conveying roller assembly, a servo drive motor, and a gearbox. The conveying roller assembly is arranged at intervals along the conveying direction. The conveying roller assembly is mounted on the mounting groove via a mounting base, and one end is connected to the gearbox via a coupling. The gearbox is linked to the servo drive motor. The mounting base is connected to an elastic component, and the upper and lower ends of the elastic component are respectively connected to the mounting base and the inner wall of the mounting groove, so that the conveying roller assembly can be vertically raised and lowered.

[0009] The clamping and positioning system includes multiple clamping units evenly arranged along the material conveying direction. A slide rail slider mechanism is assembled between adjacent clamping units. The slide rail of the slide rail slider mechanism is fixed to the processing platform. The clamping unit is slidably connected to the slide rail through a slider.

[0010] The laser cutting system is located above the processing station of the frame and includes a robotic arm and a laser cutting head. The robotic arm is fixedly mounted on the processing platform of the frame via a rotating base. The rotating base is equipped with a rotary drive motor, which can drive the robotic arm to rotate horizontally. The laser cutting head is fixedly mounted on the end of the robotic arm via a mounting plate.

[0011] The vision system is mounted on a bracket above the inlet of the material conveying system, and the bracket is fixed to the processing platform of the frame;

[0012] The control system is integrated into the equipment control cabinet, which is fixedly installed on one side of the frame.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the clamping units includes a flexible clamp, an electric cylinder, and a pressure feedback module. Two flexible clamps are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the profile. The back of the flexible clamp is fixedly connected to the moving end of the electric cylinder, and the fixed end of the electric cylinder is mounted above the processing platform.

[0014] Furthermore, the flexible clamp consists of a silicone coating layer, a metal frame, and multiple telescopic push rods. The metal frame has a flat plate structure, and the multiple telescopic push rods are evenly distributed along the metal frame. The fixed ends of the telescopic push rods are embedded inside the metal frame, and the telescopic ends of the telescopic push rods are fixedly connected to the inner side of the silicone coating layer. The pressure feedback module is mounted on the electric cylinder and is used to collect clamping force data and feed it back to the control system.

[0015] Furthermore, the laser cutting head also integrates a smoke and dust adsorption module, which includes an adsorption hood, a smoke guide pipe, and a negative pressure fan. The adsorption hood is installed on the outside of the laser cutting head, and one end of the smoke guide pipe is connected to the adsorption hood, while the other end is connected to the negative pressure fan, for discharging cutting smoke and dust.

[0016] Furthermore, the vision system includes at least two industrial cameras, a light source module, and a data preprocessing unit; the two industrial cameras are symmetrically mounted on the displacement block of the bracket; the light source module is an LED strip light source, which is fixed to one side of the camera by the bracket, and the light source is directed toward the profile acquisition area to provide an appropriate shooting light source.

[0017] Furthermore, the control system is electrically connected to the material conveying system, the clamping and positioning system, the laser cutting system, and the vision system via wires; the data preprocessing unit is integrated inside the control box, the control box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bracket, and the data preprocessing unit is connected to the camera via a data cable.

[0018] A smart laser cutting method based on profile processing, employing the aforementioned smart laser cutting device, includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Equipment initialization. Initialization is completed by inputting profile parameters, processing drawings, and various preset thresholds into the control system.

[0020] S2: Feeding and contour acquisition. The profile enters the conveyor roller group through the guide module. After being sent to the acquisition area, it pauses. The vision system acquires and processes the point cloud data into a digital model.

[0021] S3: Path planning and clamping. The model is compared and a hybrid algorithm is used to plan the cutting path, drive the flexible clamp to adaptively clamp the profile, and adjust the tension to the preset range.

[0022] S4: Dynamic cutting and compensation. Start the laser cutting system and simultaneously activate the dust adsorption. Adjust the focus, pose and parameters based on sensor feedback to compensate for deviations.

[0023] S5: Material feeding and traceability. After cutting, the material is released for feeding, and the entire process data is stored to form a traceability file, enabling continuous processing.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The clamping and positioning system with a flexible fixture and a pressure feedback module, combined with a slide rail and slider mechanism, solves the problems of poor adaptability, uneven clamping force leading to profile deformation and positioning deviation, and easy bending of long profiles when clamped at a single point. It can adaptively fit and clamp according to the profile contour, and achieve precise closed-loop control of clamping force through pressure feedback. At the same time, it can adjust the spacing of clamping units to adapt to profiles of different lengths, ensuring uniform and stable clamping, effectively avoiding profile deformation and displacement, and significantly improving clamping and positioning accuracy.

[0025] The vision system with dual industrial cameras works in conjunction with the control system to achieve full-chain linkage, solving the problems of traditional equipment lacking precise contour acquisition, relying on manual input of parameters to preset paths, and fragmented and uncoordinated technology in each process. By acquiring the actual contour of the profile without blind spots through dual cameras and generating a digital model, the system realizes full-process linkage control of contour acquisition, dynamic path planning, adaptive clamping, and laser cutting. This eliminates the need for manual intervention, effectively avoids cutting scrap caused by minor deformation of the profile and installation deviation, and improves processing efficiency and material utilization.

[0026] The laser cutting system with robotic arm and rotating base integrates a fume extraction module, solving the problems of insufficient multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment of traditional laser cutting heads, blind spots when dealing with irregularly shaped profiles, environmental pollution from cutting fumes, and the impact of lens adhesion on cutting accuracy. Through the cooperation of the rotating base and robotic arm, the cutting head can operate 360° without blind spots, meeting the cutting needs of complex irregularly shaped profiles. At the same time, the fume extraction module can collect and discharge cutting fumes in real time, protecting the working environment and the health of operators, preventing lens contamination, and ensuring the stability and accuracy of laser cutting.

[0027] The liftable conveyor roller assembly with elastic components, combined with the processing platform's clearance area and waste collection trough, solves the problems of traditional material conveying being unable to adapt to profiles of different thicknesses, prone to deviation and warping, and the accumulation of cutting waste interfering with operations. The conveyor roller assembly can adaptively lift and lower vertically to fit the bottom of profiles of different thicknesses, ensuring stable conveying and reducing the risk of scratches on the profile surface. Waste materials fall directly into the collection trough through the clearance area, achieving real-time collection without the need for manual cleaning in the middle, ensuring the continuity of the processing flow.

[0028] The full-process data storage and traceability mechanism, combined with the standardized five-step cutting method, solves the problems of lack of quality traceability, lack of process parameter recording, and non-standard processing procedures in traditional processing. All data such as profile parameters, clamping force, and cutting parameters during processing are automatically stored to form traceability archives. The five-step standardized method enables automated continuous processing, which facilitates rapid identification of quality problems, optimization of processing technology, further reduces production scrap rate, and improves the ability to control processing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partial structure at point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partial structure at point C in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the medium dust adsorption module.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Frame 1, Processing platform 11, Mounting slot 12, Clearance area 13;

[0036] Material conveying system 2, conveying roller group 21, servo drive motor 22, elastic component 23, mounting base 24;

[0037] Clamping and positioning system 3, clamping unit 32, slide rail and slider mechanism 33, slide rail 331, slider 332, flexible clamp 31, electric cylinder 34, pressure feedback module 35, moving end 341, fixed end 342, silicone coating layer 311, metal frame 312, telescopic push rod 313.

[0038] 4. Laser cutting system; 41. Robotic arm; 42. Laser cutting head; 43. Rotary base; 44. Mounting plate; 45. Smoke and dust adsorption module; 451. Adsorption hood; 452. Smoke guide pipe;

[0039] Vision system 5, bracket 51, industrial camera 52, light source module 53, displacement block 511, LED strip light source 531, rotating frame 532;

[0040] Control box 6. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] This invention provides an intelligent laser cutting device based on profile processing, including a frame 1, a material conveying system 2, a clamping and positioning system 3, a laser cutting system 4, a vision system 5, and a control system;

[0043] The top of the frame 1 is provided with a processing platform 11, which has two parallel mounting slots 12 for assembling the material conveying system 2. A rectangular clearance area 13 is provided in the middle of the processing platform 11 corresponding to the cutting station, and a waste collection trough is provided below it. The waste collection trough is fixed to the inside of the frame 1 for collecting cutting waste. The frame 1 provides the overall load-bearing and installation foundation for the entire laser cutting device. It is made of high-strength alloy welding to ensure structural stability and avoid shaking or deformation during processing that may affect cutting accuracy. The processing platform 11 serves as the installation carrier for each execution system. Its two parallel mounting slots 12 provide a precise assembly benchmark for the material conveying system 2, ensuring that the conveying system runs straight after installation. The rectangular clearance area 13 in the middle corresponds precisely to the cutting station, effectively preventing the processing platform from blocking the laser cutting path and ensuring that the laser beam can act perpendicularly on the profile cutting surface. At the same time, the waste generated during cutting can fall directly into the waste collection tank below, realizing real-time collection of waste without the need for manual cleaning. This keeps the processing environment clean and prevents waste accumulation from interfering with the cutting operation. The waste collection tank adopts a pull-out structure, which facilitates the centralized treatment of waste later.

[0044] The material conveying system 2 is assembled on the processing platform 11 and includes a conveying roller group 21, a servo drive motor 22, and a gearbox. The conveying roller group 21 is arranged at intervals along the conveying direction. The conveying roller group 21 is mounted on the mounting groove 12 via a mounting base 24, and one end is connected to the gearbox via a coupling. The gearbox is linked with the servo drive motor 22. The conveying roller group 21 is connected to an elastic component 23 via a sliding bearing. The upper and lower ends of the elastic component 23 are respectively connected to the mounting base 24 and the inner wall of the mounting groove 12, enabling the conveying roller group 21 to move vertically. The servo drive motor 22 provides a power source for material conveying. Its output power is adjusted by the gearbox to adapt to the conveying speed requirements of profile processing, ensuring a smooth and controllable conveying process. The coupling can offset the installation coaxiality deviation between the servo drive motor 22 and the conveying roller group 21, realizing smooth power transmission and avoiding transmission jamming. The conveyor roller assembly 21 is movably installed in the mounting groove 12 via the mounting base 24. The structure arranged at intervals along the conveying direction not only ensures effective support for the profile but also reduces the contact area between the roller assembly and the profile, thereby reducing the risk of scratches on the profile surface. The sliding bearing effectively reduces the frictional resistance at the connection between the conveyor roller assembly 21 and the elastic component 23, allowing the elastic component 23 to drive the conveyor roller assembly 21 to flexibly achieve vertical lifting and lowering. This allows the conveyor roller assembly 21 to adaptively conform to the bottom of profiles of different thicknesses, ensuring the conveying stability of profiles of different specifications and preventing deviation and warping during the conveying process.

[0045] The clamping and positioning system 3 includes multiple clamping units 32 evenly arranged along the material conveying direction. A slide rail slider mechanism 33 is assembled between adjacent clamping units 32. The slide rail 331 of the slide rail slider mechanism 33 is fixed on the processing platform 11. The clamping unit 32 is slidably connected to the slide rail 331 through the slider 332. The multiple clamping units 32 are evenly arranged along the material conveying direction, which can realize segmented clamping and positioning of the profile. Compared with single-point clamping, it can effectively avoid bending and deformation problems caused by concentrated force on long profiles and ensure the stability of the profile's posture during the cutting process. The slide rail 331 of the slide rail slider mechanism 33 adopts a high-precision linear guide rail and is fixedly connected to the processing platform 11. The slider 332 is fixedly connected to the clamping unit 32 and slides with the slide rail 331, so that the spacing between adjacent clamping units 32 can be freely adjusted along the slide rail, thereby adapting to the clamping requirements of profiles of different lengths and specifications. The high-precision cooperation between the slide rail and the slider also ensures the movement accuracy of the clamping unit 32 and ensures the accuracy of profile clamping and positioning.

[0046] The laser cutting system 4 is located above the processing station of the frame 1 and includes a robotic arm 41 and a laser cutting head 42. The robotic arm 41 is fixedly mounted on the processing platform 11 of the frame 1 via a rotating base 43. The rotating base 43 is equipped with a rotary drive motor, which can drive the robotic arm 41 to rotate horizontally. The laser cutting head 42 is fixedly mounted on the end of the robotic arm 41 via a mounting plate 44. The rotary drive motor inside the rotating base 43 is a servo drive type, which can drive the robotic arm 41 to achieve 360° precise horizontal rotation. Combined with the multi-degree-of-freedom movement of the robotic arm 41, it can drive the laser cutting head 42 to adjust to any spatial position of the cutting station to meet the cutting needs of irregular and complex profiles. The mounting plate 44 adopts a high-strength flange structure to firmly connect the laser cutting head 42 to the end of the robotic arm 41, ensuring the rigidity of the connection and preventing loosening or vibration during the movement or cutting of the robotic arm. This ensures the working accuracy of the laser cutting head 42, which receives the laser beam transmitted by the laser to achieve precise cutting of the profile.

[0047] The vision system 5 is mounted above the inlet of the material conveying system 2 via a bracket 51, which is fixed to the processing platform 11 of the frame 1. The bracket 51 adopts a triangular stabilizing structure and is fixedly connected to the processing platform 11, ensuring a stable overall structure and preventing vibrations during processing from affecting the acquisition accuracy of the vision system 5. Furthermore, the height and horizontal position of the bracket 51 are finely adjustable, allowing the acquisition angle of the vision system 5 to be adjusted according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the profile. Mounting the vision system 5 above the inlet of the material conveying system 2 allows for contour acquisition before the profile enters the cutting station, ensuring that contour acquisition does not conflict with subsequent cutting, clamping, or other operations, thus improving overall processing efficiency. Simultaneously, the stable conveying posture of the profile at the inlet ensures the integrity and accuracy of the contour acquisition.

[0048] The control system is integrated into the equipment control cabinet, which is fixedly installed on one side of the rack 1. The equipment control cabinet adopts a sealed structure that is dustproof, moisture-proof, and electromagnetic interference-proof, effectively protecting the core components of the internal control system, adapting to the complex environment of industrial processing, and extending the service life of the equipment. The control system uses a PLC as the core control unit and integrates a touch screen operating interface. Installed on one side of the rack 1, it facilitates parameter input, operation status viewing, and command issuance by operators. As the control center of the entire device, the control system realizes command output and data feedback reception for each system, providing a foundation for the coordinated operation of all systems.

[0049] Each clamping unit 32 includes a flexible clamp 31, an electric cylinder 34, and a pressure feedback module 35. Two flexible clamps 31 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the profile. The back of the flexible clamp 31 is fixedly connected to the moving end 341 of the electric cylinder 34, and the fixed end 342 of the electric cylinder 34 is mounted above the processing platform 11. The flexible clamp 31 consists of a silicone coating layer 311, a metal frame 312, and multiple telescopic push rods 313. The metal frame 312 has a flat structure, and the multiple telescopic push rods 313 are evenly distributed along the metal frame 312. The fixed end of the telescopic push rod 313 is embedded inside the metal frame 312, and the telescopic end of the telescopic push rod 313 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the silicone coating layer 311. The pressure feedback module 35 is disposed on the electric cylinder 34 and is used to collect clamping force data and feed it back to the control system.

[0050] The flat metal frame 312 provides overall support strength for the flexible clamp 31, ensuring the structural rigidity of the clamp itself and preventing deformation during clamping. Multiple telescopic push rods 313 are evenly distributed along the metal frame 312 and are independently controlled. They can adaptively extend and retract according to the profile contour data collected by the vision system 5, pushing the silicone coating layer 311 to fit tightly against the outer contour of the profile, achieving adaptive clamping of profiles with different cross-sectional contours. The silicone coating layer 311 is made of highly elastic and wear-resistant silicone material, which increases the friction with the profile surface, preventing the profile from sliding after clamping, and also avoids surface scratches caused by hard contact between the clamp and the profile. The pressure feedback module 35 is directly set on the electric cylinder 34, which can accurately collect the clamping force data output by the cylinder and feed it back to the control system in real time. When the clamping force reaches the preset threshold, the control system will instruct the electric cylinder 34 to stop, realizing closed-loop precise control of the clamping force and avoiding excessive clamping force that could cause profile deformation.

[0051] The laser cutting head 42 also integrates a smoke and dust adsorption module 45, which includes an adsorption hood 451, a smoke guide pipe 452, and a negative pressure fan. The adsorption hood 451 is installed on the outside of the laser cutting head 42, and one end of the smoke guide pipe 452 is connected to the adsorption hood 451, while the other end is connected to the negative pressure fan for discharging cutting smoke and dust. The flat metal frame 312 provides overall support strength for the flexible clamp 31, ensuring the structural rigidity of the clamp itself and preventing deformation of the clamp during clamping. Multiple telescopic push rods 313 are evenly distributed along the metal frame 312 and are independently controlled. They can adaptively extend and retract according to the profile contour data collected by the vision system 5, pushing the silicone coating layer 311 to fit tightly against the outer contour of the profile, thus achieving adaptive clamping of profiles with different cross-sectional contours. The silicone coating layer 311 is made of highly elastic and wear-resistant silicone material, which increases the friction with the profile surface to prevent the profile from sliding after clamping, and also avoids surface scratches caused by hard contact between the clamp and the profile. The pressure feedback module 35 is directly set on the electric cylinder 34, which can accurately collect the clamping force data output by the cylinder and feed it back to the control system in real time. When the clamping force reaches the preset threshold, the control system will instruct the electric cylinder 34 to stop moving, realizing closed-loop precise control of the clamping force and avoiding excessive clamping force that could cause profile deformation.

[0052] The vision system 5 includes at least two industrial cameras 52, a light source module 53, and a data preprocessing unit. The two industrial cameras 52 are symmetrically mounted on the displacement block 511 of the bracket 51. The light source module 53 is an LED strip light source 531, which is fixed to one side of the camera 52 via a rotating frame 532. The light source 531 illuminates the profile acquisition area, providing a suitable shooting light source. The two industrial cameras 52 are symmetrically mounted on the displacement block 511, which can be finely adjusted along the bracket 51. This allows for adjustment of the distance and acquisition angle of the two industrial cameras 52 according to the profile specifications, enabling image acquisition of the profile from different perspectives. This effectively avoids blind spots in single-camera acquisition and ensures the integrity of the profile contour acquisition. The LED strip light source 531 features uniform light, adjustable brightness, and low power consumption. Its illumination direction is adapted to the acquisition direction of the industrial camera 52, which can supplement the light in the profile acquisition area, effectively reduce the reflection phenomenon on the surface of the metal profile, and improve the clarity and contrast of the image acquired by the industrial camera 52. The data preprocessing unit can perform preliminary processing on the image data acquired by the industrial camera 52, laying the foundation for the subsequent generation of digital models.

[0053] The control system is electrically connected to the material conveying system 2, the clamping and positioning system 3, the laser cutting system 4, and the vision system 5 via wires. The data preprocessing unit is integrated inside the control box 6, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bracket 51. The data preprocessing unit is connected to the camera 52 via a data cable. Shielded wires are used for electrical connections between the control system and each system, which effectively reduces electromagnetic interference in the industrial environment, ensures the stability and accuracy of control commands and feedback data transmission, and enables the control system to precisely control each system and acquire data in real time. The control box 6 provides sealed protection for the data preprocessing unit, preventing it from being affected by dust and vibration in the processing environment. The data preprocessing unit is connected to the industrial camera 52 via a data cable, which can receive image data acquired by the camera in real time and quickly complete preprocessing operations such as noise reduction, stitching, and point cloud extraction. The processed contour data is then transmitted to the control system, providing accurate information about the actual profile of the material for the control system's path planning.

[0054] Using the aforementioned intelligent laser cutting device, this invention also provides an intelligent laser cutting method based on profile processing, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1: Equipment initialization. The operator inputs the core parameters such as the material, cross-sectional dimensions, and length of the profile to be processed through the control system in the control cabinet on one side of the frame 1. At the same time, the corresponding profile processing drawings are imported, and various process preset thresholds such as clamping force threshold, laser cutting power, and cutting speed are preset. After receiving the parameters, the control system automatically completes the power-on self-test of the material conveying system 2, clamping and positioning system 3, laser cutting system 4, and vision system 5, and checks whether the mechanical structure of each system is stuck and whether the electrical connection is normal. After no abnormalities are found, the equipment initialization is completed.

[0056] S2: Material loading and contour acquisition. The profile is precisely guided into the conveyor roller group 21 of the material conveying system 2 via the guide module. The control system commands the servo drive motor 22 to start, which drives the conveyor roller group 21 to rotate via the gearbox and coupling 26, thus conveying the profile to the acquisition area. The elastic component 23 drives the conveyor roller group 21 to adaptively lift and fit the bottom of the profile. When the profile is delivered to the acquisition area below the vision system 5, the control system commands the servo drive motor 22 to stop, the profile is stopped from being conveyed, the LED strip light source 531 of the vision system 5 is turned on to provide supplementary lighting, and the two symmetrical industrial cameras 52 simultaneously acquire images of the profile. The acquired image data is transmitted to the data preprocessing unit in the control box 6 via the data cable. After processing, a point cloud digital model consistent with the actual shape of the profile is generated and transmitted to the control system.

[0057] S3: Path planning and clamping. The control system compares the actual digital model of the profile generated by the vision system 5 with the imported processing drawings, and uses a hybrid algorithm to plan the optimal laser cutting path. At the same time, the control system instructs the slider 332 of the clamping and positioning system 3 to slide along the slide rail 331, adjusting the spacing of each clamping unit 32 to match the length of the profile. Then, the control system instructs the electric cylinder 34 to start, driving the flexible clamp 31 to move closer to both sides of the profile through the transmission between the fixed end 342 and the moving end 341. The telescopic push rod 313 of the flexible clamp 31 adaptively extends and retracts according to the actual contour of the profile, pushing the silicone coating layer 311 to fit tightly against the outer contour of the profile. The pressure feedback module 35 on the electric cylinder 34 collects the clamping force data in real time and feeds it back to the control system until the clamping force is adjusted to the preset threshold. The electric cylinder 34 then stops, completing the adaptive and stable clamping of the profile.

[0058] S4: Dynamic cutting and compensation. The control system commands the laser cutting system 4 to start, and the laser beam generated by the laser is transmitted to the laser cutting head 42. The rotating base 43 drives the robotic arm 41 to rotate horizontally. With the multi-degree-of-freedom movement of the robotic arm 41, the laser cutting head 42 is driven to cut along the planned path. At the same time, the control system commands the negative pressure fan of the dust adsorption module 45 to start. The adsorption hood 451 captures the cutting dust and discharges it through the smoke guide pipe 452. During the cutting process, various sensors of the laser cutting head 42 collect data such as processing posture, distance between the laser focus and the profile surface in real time and feed it back to the control system. If the cutting deviation caused by profile deformation, installation deviation, etc. is detected, the control system will calculate the compensation amount in real time, command the rotating base 43 and the robotic arm 41 to adjust the cutting posture, and at the same time adjust the laser cutting power, speed and focus position to realize dynamic real-time compensation of cutting deviation.

[0059] S5: Material feeding and traceability. After the profile cutting operation is completed, the control system commands the electric cylinder 34 to start, driving the flexible clamp 31 away from the profile and releasing it from the clamp. Then, the control system commands the servo drive motor 22 of the material conveying system 2 to start, and the conveying roller group 21 rotates to transport the processed profile to the feeding area. At the same time, the next profile to be processed enters the conveying roller group 21 through the guide module, starting the next round of processing and realizing continuous processing. Throughout the entire processing process, the control system automatically stores the profile parameters, clamping force data, cutting parameters, sensor feedback data, processing time and other information, forming a unique product traceability file to achieve traceability of processing quality.

[0060] Through the specific embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Based on the disclosed embodiments, those skilled in the art can arbitrarily combine different technical features to achieve different technical solutions.

Claims

1. An intelligent laser cutting device based on profile processing, characterized in that, It includes a frame (1), a material conveying system (2), a clamping and positioning system (3), a laser cutting system (4), a vision system (5), and a control system; The top of the frame (1) is provided with a processing platform (11), and the processing platform (11) is provided with two parallel mounting slots (12) for assembling a material conveying system (2); a rectangular clearance area (13) is opened in the middle of the processing platform (11) corresponding to the cutting station, and a waste collection trough is provided below it. The waste collection trough is fixed to the inside of the frame (1) for collecting cutting waste. The material conveying system (2) is assembled on the processing platform (11) and includes a conveying roller group (21), a servo drive motor (22) and a gearbox. The conveying roller group (21) is arranged at intervals along the conveying direction. The conveying roller group (21) is installed on the mounting groove (12) through a mounting base (24), and one end is connected to the gearbox via a coupling. The gearbox is linked with the servo drive motor (22). The mounting base (24) is connected to an elastic component (23). The upper and lower ends of the elastic component (23) are respectively connected to the mounting base (24) and the inner wall of the mounting groove (12), so that the conveying roller group (21) can be vertically raised and lowered. The clamping and positioning system (3) includes multiple clamping units (32) evenly arranged along the material conveying direction. A slide rail slider mechanism (33) is assembled between adjacent clamping units (32). The slide rail (331) of the slide rail slider mechanism (33) is fixed on the processing platform (11). The clamping unit (32) is slidably connected to the slide rail (331) through the slider (332). The laser cutting system (4) is located above the processing station of the frame (1) and includes a robotic arm (41) and a laser cutting head (42). The robotic arm (41) is fixedly installed on the processing platform (11) of the frame (1) via a rotating base (43). The rotating base (43) is equipped with a rotary drive motor, which can drive the robotic arm (41) to rotate horizontally. The laser cutting head (42) is fixedly installed at the end of the robotic arm (41) via a mounting plate (44). The vision system (5) is mounted above the inlet of the material conveying system (2) via a bracket (51), and the bracket (51) is fixed on the processing platform (11) of the frame (1); The control system is integrated into the equipment control cabinet, which is fixedly installed on one side of the frame (1).

2. The intelligent laser cutting device based on profile processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each clamping unit (32) includes a flexible clamp (31), an electric cylinder (34) and a pressure feedback module (35). Two flexible clamps (31) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the profile. The back of the flexible clamp (31) is fixedly connected to the moving end (341) of the electric cylinder (34). The fixed end (342) of the electric cylinder (34) is mounted above the processing platform (11).

3. The intelligent laser cutting device based on profile processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible clamp (31) consists of a silicone coating layer (311), a metal frame (312), and multiple telescopic push rods (313). The metal frame (312) is a flat plate structure. The multiple telescopic push rods (313) are evenly distributed along the metal frame (312). The fixed end of the telescopic push rod (313) is embedded inside the metal frame (312), and the telescopic end of the telescopic push rod (313) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the silicone coating layer (311). The pressure feedback module (35) is set on the electric cylinder (34) and is used to collect clamping force data and feed it back to the control system.

4. The intelligent laser cutting device based on profile processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser cutting head (42) also integrates a smoke and dust adsorption module (45). The smoke and dust adsorption module (45) includes an adsorption hood (451), a smoke guide pipe (452), and a negative pressure fan. The adsorption hood (451) is installed on the outside of the laser cutting head (42). One end of the smoke guide pipe (452) is connected to the adsorption hood (451), and the other end is connected to the negative pressure fan to discharge cutting smoke and dust.

5. The intelligent laser cutting device based on profile processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vision system (5) includes at least two industrial cameras (52), a light source module (53), and a data preprocessing unit; the two industrial cameras (52) are symmetrically mounted on the displacement block (511) of the bracket (51); the light source module (53) is an LED strip light source (531), the light source (531) is fixed to one side of the camera (52) by a rotating frame (532), and the light source (531) is directed toward the profile acquisition area to provide a suitable shooting light source.

6. The intelligent laser cutting device based on profile processing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control system is electrically connected to the material conveying system (2), the clamping and positioning system (3), the laser cutting system (4) and the vision system (5) via wires respectively; the data preprocessing unit is integrated inside the control box (6), the control box (6) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bracket (51), and the data preprocessing unit is connected to the camera (52) via a data cable.

7. A smart laser cutting method based on profile processing, employing the smart laser cutting device described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Equipment initialization. Initialization is completed by inputting profile parameters, processing drawings, and various preset thresholds into the control system. S2: Feeding and contour acquisition. The profile enters the conveyor roller group through the guide module and is paused after being sent to the acquisition area. The vision system (5) collects and processes the point cloud data into a digital model. S3: Path planning and clamping. The model is compared and a hybrid algorithm is used to plan the cutting path, drive the flexible clamp to adaptively clamp the profile, and adjust the tension to the preset range. S4: Dynamic cutting and compensation. Start the laser cutting system and simultaneously activate the dust adsorption. Adjust the focus, pose and parameters based on sensor feedback to compensate for deviations. S5: Material feeding and traceability. After cutting, the material is released for feeding, and the entire process data is stored to form a traceability file, enabling continuous processing.

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