Low stress disassembly method for bonded structures and disassembly tooling therefor

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a low-stress disassembling method and a disassembling tool for a cemented structure, which comprises a heat-gathering heating assembly, a bearing assembly and a movement control device; the heat-gathering heating assembly is heated by an electric hair dryer, and the skin is directionally heated in a heat-gathering mode by a wind guide grille arranged in the inner cavity of a blowing joint shell; the bearing assembly is supported on the outer wall surface of the bottom of the electric hair dryer and is fixedly connected with the support of a rolling mechanism in the movement control device; the movement control device is fixedly connected with the electric hair dryer, and the width side of the air outlet of the blowing joint shell is in contact with the surface of the skin to be peeled off in the structure to be connected; the heat-gathering heating assembly and the bearing assembly are pulled by a traction mechanism in the movement control device to move with the movement control device, and the heat-gathering heating assembly moves along the peeling direction of the skin and continuously heats in the moving process, so that the skin is separated from the adhesive, thereby realizing the disassembly and separation of the skin and the framework parts in the cemented structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to, but is not limited to, the field of repair and disassembly technology for adhesive structures, and particularly to a low-stress disassembly method and disassembly fixture for adhesive structures. Background Technology

[0002] The bonded structure to be repaired is generally made up of skin, adhesive and skeleton parts. When repairing such a bonded structure, it is often necessary to disassemble the bonded structure into parts. Generally, the skeleton parts, as reusable parts, should be preserved as completely as possible, while the skin, which is not reusable, can be peeled off during disassembly to reduce damage to the skeleton parts and obtain skeleton parts in good condition.

[0003] To disassemble the bonded structure and obtain the skeleton parts, the conventional disassembly method currently used is as follows: First, mechanical means are used to cut the skin along the peeling boundary or to pre-create cracks on the skin surface along the peeling boundary to divide the bonded structure into the bonded areas of the skeleton parts and other components; a non-metallic wedge is used to wedge into the bonded surface of the skeleton parts and the skin from any free end, and the skin at the end is partially lifted to form the peeling starting edge of the skin. A clamp-like fixture is used to hold the starting edge, and a peeling force is applied to the bonded structure to separate the skin and the skeleton parts. After separating the other parts, the skeleton parts can be obtained.

[0004] The adhesives used in bonded structures are generally thermosetting structural adhesives. During disassembly, the bonded joints retain a high strength, requiring significant peeling force to break them. For common thin-walled, lightweight frame components such as beams, frames, and ribs, when peeling the skin using the conventional disassembly method, a large peeling force is required to separate the skin from the adhesive, or for the skin to separate from the frame component while still adhering to the adhesive, or for the adhesive to break down, resulting in both the skin and frame component remaining adhered to the adhesive and separating. Regardless of the form of separation, due to the high stress level of the peeling force, the resulting strain exceeds the elastic strain of the frame component. Therefore, using conventional disassembly methods to disassemble bonded structures often easily causes deformation and damage to the frame component. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems by providing a low-stress disassembly method and disassembly fixture for adhesive structures. This addresses the problem that existing disassembly methods for adhesive structures often result in deformation and damage to the skeleton components during disassembly due to the high stress level of the peeling force, which exceeds the elastic strain of the skeleton components.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a disassembly fixture for an adhesive structure, the disassembly fixture being configured as a movable steady-state heating fixture for heating and peeling off the skin 19 to be peeled off in the adhesive structure, comprising: a heat-concentrating heating component, a bearing component, and a movement control device.

[0007] Among them, the heat-concentrating heating component is heated by the electric hot air blower 3, and the skin 19 is directionally heated by the air guide grille 2 set in the inner cavity of the front end of the blower connector housing 1.

[0008] The supporting component is supported on the bottom outer wall of the electric heating blower 3 by the inner end face of its supporting part, and is fixedly connected to the bracket 7 of the rolling mechanism in the moving control device. The moving control device is tied and fixed to the electric heating blower 3, so that the air outlet width edge of the blower connector housing 1 in the heat-concentrating heating component contacts the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled off in the adhesive structure. The heat-concentrating heating component and the supporting component are pulled by the traction mechanism in the moving control device and moved as a whole with the moving control device. During the movement, the heat-concentrating heating component moves along the peeling direction of the skin 19 and continues to heat, so that the skin 19 is separated from the adhesive 20, thereby realizing the disassembly and separation of the skin 19 and the skeleton part 21 in the adhesive structure.

[0009] Optionally, in the disassembly fixture for the adhesive structure as described above, the heat-concentrating heating assembly includes: a blower connector housing 1, an air guide grille 2, and an electric heating blower 3.

[0010] The blower connector housing 1 is configured as a round-to-square part, which smoothly transitions from a circular interface at the rear end to a rectangular air outlet at the front end, including a straight section with a fixed rectangular cross-section at the front and a round-to-square section with a variable cross-section at the rear; the air guide grille 2 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the straight section of the blower connector housing 1 to form a directional heat-concentrating blower connector.

[0011] The blower connector housing 1 is fitted onto the air outlet of the electric hair dryer 3 via a circular interface at the rear end.

[0012] Optionally, in the disassembly fixture for adhesive-bonded structures as described above,

[0013] The air guide grille 2 is formed by welding or gluing a metal plate. The length of the air guide grille 2 is the same as the length of the straight section of the air blower housing 1, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the air guide grille 2 are the same as the inner dimensions of the straight section of the air blower housing 1; or,

[0014] The air guide grille 2 is formed by cutting the hexagonal cross-section air guide cells of aluminum honeycomb core material. The height of the aluminum honeycomb core material is the length of the straight section of the blower connector housing 1. During the cutting process, the height direction of the aluminum honeycomb core is cut along the length direction of the straight section, and the cross-section direction of the honeycomb core is cut along the width direction of the straight section.

[0015] Optionally, in the disassembly fixture for the adhesive structure as described above, the bearing component includes: a bearing block 11, a flat-head connecting bolt 12, a fastening nut 13, and a fixing rubber block 14;

[0016] The bearing block 11 is configured as a bearing block of equal thickness with an inner cylindrical surface. A countersunk hole is opened in the center of the inner cylindrical surface. After the flat-head connecting bolt 12 is inserted into the countersunk hole from one end of the inner cylindrical surface, the protruding stud end passes through the through hole 7a on the bracket 7 of the rolling mechanism in the moving control device and is fixedly connected by a fastening nut 13. A fixing rubber block 14 is attached to the inner cylindrical surface of the bearing block 11.

[0017] Optionally, in the disassembly fixture for the adhesive structure as described above, the movement control device includes: a roller-type rolling mechanism, a traction mechanism, and a bonding component;

[0018] The roller-type rolling machine includes: a rubber roller sleeve 4, a roller 5, a roller 6, and a bracket 7; the rubber roller sleeve 4 is sleeved on the rolling cylindrical surface of the roller 5, and the roller 6 passes through the central shaft of the roller 5 and is connected at both ends to the two ends of the bracket 7 of the U-shaped plate. The roller 5 is connected to the bracket 7 through the roller 6 to achieve free rolling; a through hole 7a is provided on the top plate of the bracket 7, through which the flat-head connecting bolt 12 of the bearing component passes and is fixedly connected by a fastening nut 13, so as to fix the bearing component on the bracket 7, and the heat-gathering heating component carried by the bearing component is bound and fixed to the moving control device by a binding component;

[0019] The top plate of the bracket 7 is fixedly connected to the traction mechanism so that the traction mechanism can drive the movement control device and the load-bearing component and the heat-concentrating heating component fixedly installed thereon to move synchronously.

[0020] Optionally, in the disassembly fixture for the adhesive structure as described above, the traction mechanism includes: a connecting rod 8 and a handle 9;

[0021] The connecting rod 8 is configured as a U-shaped tube, with a cylindrical handle 9 fitted in the middle of the U-shape. The ends of the connecting arms on both sides of the U-shaped tube are bent. The bent areas at the ends of the connecting arms on both sides are fixedly connected to the top two ends of the bracket 7 by gluing or welding. The length Y dimension of the bent area is greater than the width V dimension of the bracket 7. The handle 9 is used by the operator to grip or to move the traction control device after connecting to the traction device.

[0022] Optionally, in the disassembly fixture for the adhesive structure described above, the bonding components include: O-ring fastener 10, strap 15, fixing strap 16, strap buckle 17, and fixing strap buckle 18.

[0023] Among them, the bracket 7 has two O-shaped fasteners 10 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the through hole 7a;

[0024] The fixing strap 16 is a braided strap. One end is fixed to an O-ring fastener 10, and the other end is a free end. After wrapping around and tightly adhering to the outer wall of the electric heating blower 3, it is locked and fixed to another O-ring fastener 10 by the fixing strap buckle 18.

[0025] The strap 15 is made of braided strap or rope. One end is fixed to an O-ring fastener 10, and the other end is free. After passing around the handle of the electric hair dryer 3 and sticking to its outer wall, it is locked and fixed to another O-ring fastener 10 by the strap buckle 17.

[0026] Optionally, in the disassembly fixture for adhesive structures described above, the movable steady-state heating fixture is installed and adjusted before disassembly as follows:

[0027] After the bearing component is fixedly connected to the movement control device through the through hole 7a on the bracket 7, it is placed on the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled off in the adhesive structure. The main arm of the connecting arm of the connecting rod 8 is kept in a horizontal position. The heat-gathering heating component is arranged on the fixed rubber block 14 of the bearing component. The heat-gathering heating component is rotated and moved back and forth to adjust it so that the width side of the air outlet of the blower connector housing 1 contacts and adheres to the skin 19 in the width direction. Then, the handle of the electric hot air blower 3 is facing upward, and the electric hot air blower 3 is bound and fixed to the movement control device to restrict its axial rotation and back and forth movement.

[0028] Secondly, the present invention also provides a low-stress dismantling method for adhesive structures, wherein the dismantling fixture described in any of the preceding claims is used to perform the low-stress dismantling method on the adhesive structure; the dismantling method includes:

[0029] Step 1: Form the peeling start edge of the skin 19 to be peeled in the adhesive structure, and use a clamp to hold the peeling start edge;

[0030] Step 2: Place the movable steady-state heating fixture on the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled in the adhesive structure. Align the width of the air outlet of the blower housing 1 with the root of the peeling start edge of the skin 19. Set the roller of the rolling mechanism in the moving control device to the initial position of heat peeling along the width of the skin 19.

[0031] Step 3: Pull the movable steady-state heating fixture along the length of the skin 19 to make it translate along the peeling boundary 22 of the skin 19; after restoring the movable steady-state heating fixture to the initial position of thermal peeling, start the electric heating blower 3 to heat the skin 19.

[0032] Step 4: After measuring the surface temperature of the skin 19 directly in front of the air outlet of the blower connector housing 1 and finding it to meet the preset requirements, apply a peeling force to the skin 19 of the adhesive structure using a clamp-like fixture. Keep the electric heating blower 3 in a heated state. When the skin 19 and the adhesive 20 begin to separate, pull the movable steady-state heating fixture horizontally at a preset speed to continuously and stably apply the peeling force, so that the peeling speed of the skin 19 and the moving speed of the blower connector housing 1 are consistent, so as to disassemble and separate the skin 19 and the skeleton part 21 in the adhesive structure.

[0033] Optionally, in the low-stress dismantling method for bonded structures as described above, step 4 includes:

[0034] The surface temperature of the skin 19 directly in front of the air outlet of the blower connector housing 1 is measured. By adjusting the air volume and heating power of the electric heating blower 3, the temperature of the measuring point of the skin 19 can be raised to a preset temperature range below the curing temperature of the adhesive 20 within a preset time. A peeling force is applied to the skin 19 of the bonded structure by the clamp, while maintaining the heating and blowing power of the electric heating blower 3. When the skin 19 and the adhesive 20 begin to separate, the movable steady-state heating fixture is immediately pulled at a preset speed in the horizontal direction, while the peeling force is continuously and stably applied to keep the peeling speed of the skin 19 consistent with the moving speed of the blower connector housing 1. When the blower connector housing 1 moves to the other end of the peeling boundary 22, the disassembly and separation of the skin 19 and the skeleton part 21 is completed.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The embodiments of the present invention provide a low-stress disassembly method and disassembly fixture for adhesive structures. The present invention designs and develops a movable steady-state heating device with directional rapid heat concentration. This device can be placed on the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled in the adhesive structure and can continuously apply a peeling temperature to the skin 19. After the applied peeling temperature meets the preset conditions, the movable steady-state heating fixture can be moved smoothly by a movement control device, and directional heat concentration heating for peeling can be continuously applied during the movement. Thus, directional heat concentration heating can be continuously applied at a stable speed in the length direction of the skin 19, thereby achieving a rapid and short-term increase in the local temperature of the adhesive structure in the working area. That is, the heating is only for the peeling area of ​​the skin 19, and the thermal impact on non-working areas is limited. The technical solution provided by the present invention adopts a heating method according to design requirements, which effectively reduces the peeling strength of the adhesive 20 to be peeled. Only a small peeling force is needed to separate the skin 19 and adhesive 20 at the directional heat concentration blower joint. After the skin 19 is completely peeled off, the integrity rate of the skeleton part 21 is high. Obviously, the technical solution provided by this invention innovatively offers a low-stress disassembly method for adhesive structures, solving the problems of skeleton deformation and damage caused by conventional disassembly, and can significantly improve the integrity rate of the skeleton after disassembly of adhesive structures. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solutions of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 1 This invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a disassembly fixture for adhesive bonding structures.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air blower housing and the air guide grille in the heat-concentrating heating assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Figure a shows the assembly structure, and Figure b shows a schematic diagram of the assembly method.

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram shown illustrates the structural dimensions of the air blower housing and air guide grille in the heat-concentrating heating assembly provided in the embodiment. Figure 3 Figure a is the front view, figure b is the side view, and figure c is the top view;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blower connector housing and the electric hair dryer in the heat-concentrating heating assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 Figure a shows the assembly method, and Figure b shows the assembly structure.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting component in the heat-concentrating heating assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 Figures a, b, and c in the diagram are schematic diagrams of the assembly process of the load-bearing components;

[0042] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structural dimensions of the carrier block in the carrier assembly provided in the embodiment shown;

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structural dimensions of the flat-head connecting bolts in the load-bearing assembly provided in the illustrated embodiment;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 Figure a is a top view, and figure b is a three-dimensional view;

[0045] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structural dimensions of the motion control device provided in the illustrated embodiment is shown. Figure 9 Figure a shows the structural dimensions of the front view angle, and Figure b shows the structural dimensions of the side view angle.

[0046] Figure 10 for Figure 8 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the motion control device and the carrier component. Figure 10 Figure a is the front view, figure b is the side view, figure c is the top view, and figure d is the three-dimensional view.

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation principle of a low-stress disassembly method for adhesive structures, provided as an example of an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0049] As explained in the background section above, the repair requirement for the adhesive structure to be repaired is to preserve the skeleton components as completely as possible. The section also discusses the problems with the currently used conventional disassembly methods: regardless of the form of separation, due to the high stress level of the peeling force, the strain generated exceeds the elastic strain of the skeleton components. When disassembling the adhesive structure using conventional disassembly methods, it is easy to cause deformation and damage to the skeleton components.

[0050] Regarding the deformation and damage to the skeleton component 21 caused by the conventional disassembly method, the skeleton component 21 needs to be repaired in the subsequent manufacturing and repair process, which faces the following three problems: First, the repair increases the repair time and economic cost; second, it is difficult to restore the geometric dimensions of the skeleton component 21 to its original state after repair, which reduces the component fitting accuracy in the bonding process and increases the risk of weak adhesion and debonding of the bonded structure; third, if the skeleton component 21 is severely damaged and is not suitable for repair, it should be scrapped, which will have a significant impact on the manufacturing and repair process of the structure.

[0051] To address the drawbacks of conventional disassembly methods for bonded structures, this invention provides a low-stress disassembly method and its disassembly fixture for bonded structures. This method solves the problem of deformation and damage to skeleton parts caused by high stress during conventional disassembly, thereby improving the integrity rate of the skeleton after disassembly.

[0052] The present invention provides the following specific embodiments, which can be combined with each other. For the same or similar concepts or processes, they may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0053] This invention provides a low-stress disassembly method and disassembly fixture for adhesive structures. On the one hand, by designing and developing a directional fast-polymerization low-conductivity thermal disassembly method and fixture, the temperature of the adhesive joint in the working area can be rapidly increased in a short time, with limited thermal impact on the non-working area. On the other hand, by raising the temperature as required, the peel strength of the adhesive 20 to be peeled is effectively reduced, and only a small peeling force is needed to separate the skin 19 and the adhesive 20. After the skin 19 is completely peeled off, the integrity rate of the skeleton part 21 is relatively high.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a disassembly fixture for an adhesive structure provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, the disassembly fixture is a movable, steady-state heating fixture for thermally peeling off the skin 19 to be peeled from the adhesive structure. During operation, it is positioned on the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled off in the adhesive structure. The movable, steady-state heating fixture provided by the present invention includes: a heat-concentrating heating component, a support component, and a movement control device.

[0055] like Figure 1 In the structure of the movable steady-state heating fixture shown, the heat-concentrating heating component is the core heating tool for heating and peeling the bonded structure. It is used to directional heat-concentratingly heat the skin 19 to be peeled through the front air blower housing 1, and the front inner cavity of the air blower housing 1 is provided with an air guide grille 2 for directional air outlet.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the supporting component is supported on the bottom outer wall of the electric hot air blower 3 by the inner end face of its supporting part, and plays a supporting role for the heat-concentrating heating component. The supporting component is fixedly connected to the bracket 7 of the rolling mechanism in the moving control device, and the moving control device is bound and fixed to the electric hot air blower 3, so that the air outlet width edge of the blower connector housing 1 in the heat-concentrating heating component is in contact with the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled in the adhesive structure to be peeled off. The heat-concentrating heating component and the supporting component are pulled by the traction mechanism in the moving control device and moved as a whole with the moving control device. During the movement, the heat-concentrating heating component moves along the peeling direction of the skin 19 and continues to heat, so that the skin 19 and the adhesive 20 are gradually separated in the peeling direction (that is, the length direction of the skin) according to the moving heating process of the heat-concentrating heating component, thereby realizing the disassembly and separation of the skin 19 and the skeleton part 21 in the adhesive structure.

[0057] In one implementation of the present invention, a possible embodiment of a heat-concentrating heating component is provided. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air blower housing and the air guide grille in the heat-concentrating heating assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Figure a shows the assembly structure, and Figure b shows a schematic diagram of the assembly method. Figure 3 for Figure 2The schematic diagram shown illustrates the structural dimensions of the air blower housing and air guide grille in the heat-concentrating heating assembly provided in the embodiment. Figure 3 Figure a is the front view, figure b is the side view, and figure c is the top view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blower connector housing and the electric hair dryer in the heat-concentrating heating assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 Figure a shows a schematic diagram of the assembly method, and Figure b shows the assembled structure. (Refer to...) Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the heat-concentrating heating assembly includes: a blower connector housing 1, an air guide grille 2, and an electric heating blower 3.

[0058] In this implementation, the blower connector housing 1 is set as a round-to-square part, smoothly transitioning from the rear circular interface to the front rectangular air outlet, including a straight section with a fixed rectangular cross-section at the front and a round-to-square section with a variable cross-section at the rear; the air guide grille 2 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the straight section of the blower connector housing 1 to form a directional heat-concentrating blower connector; in addition, the blower connector housing 1 is sleeved on the air outlet of the electric hot air blower 3 through the rear circular interface.

[0059] In one alternative embodiment, the air guide grille 2 is formed by welding or gluing a metal plate, the length of the air guide grille 2 is the length of the straight section of the air blower housing 1, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the air guide grille 2 are the same as the inner cavity dimensions of the straight section of the air blower housing 1.

[0060] In another alternative embodiment, the air guide grille 2 is formed by cutting the hexagonal cross-section air guide cells of aluminum honeycomb core material. The height of the aluminum honeycomb core material is the length of the straight section of the blower connector housing 1. During the cutting process, the height direction of the aluminum honeycomb core is cut along the length direction of the straight section, and the cross-section direction of the honeycomb core is cut along the width direction of the straight section.

[0061] In one implementation of the present invention, one possible embodiment of the carrier component is provided. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting component in the heat-concentrating heating assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 Figures a, b, and c in the diagram are schematic diagrams of the assembly process of the load-bearing components; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the structural dimensions of the carrier block in the carrier assembly. Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the structural dimensions of the flat-head connecting bolts in the load-bearing assembly provided in the illustrated embodiment. (Refer to...) Figures 5 to 7 , Figure 10 As shown, the load-bearing component includes: a load-bearing block 11, a flat-head connecting bolt 12, a fastening nut 13, and a fixing rubber block 14.

[0062] In this implementation, the support block 11 is configured as a support block of equal thickness with an inner cylindrical surface. A countersunk hole is opened in the center of the inner cylindrical surface. After the flat-head connecting bolt 12 is inserted into the countersunk hole from one end of the inner cylindrical surface, the protruding stud end passes through the through hole 7a on the bracket 7 of the rolling mechanism in the moving control device and is fixedly connected by a fastening nut 13 to fix the support component on the moving control device so that the heat-concentrating heating component can be stably moved by the moving control device and the support component during subsequent disassembly. In addition, a fixing rubber block 14 is attached to the inner cylindrical surface of the support block 11 to protect the outer shell of the electric heat blower 3 in the heat-concentrating heating component.

[0063] In one implementation of the present invention, a possible embodiment of the motion control device is provided. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 Figure a is a top view, and figure b is a three-dimensional view; Figure 9 for Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structural dimensions of the motion control device provided in the illustrated embodiment is shown. Figure 9 Figure a shows the structural dimensions of the front view angle, and Figure b shows the structural dimensions of the side view angle. Figure 10 for Figure 8 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the motion control device and the carrier component. Figure 10 Figure a is the front view, figure b is the side view, figure c is the top view, and figure d is the 3D view. (Refer to...) Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the motion control device includes: a roller-type rolling mechanism, a traction mechanism, and a binding component.

[0064] In this implementation, the roller-type rolling machine includes: a rubber roller sleeve 4, a roller 5, a roller 6, and a bracket 7; the rubber roller sleeve 4 is fitted on the rolling cylindrical surface of the roller 5, and the roller 6 passes through the central shaft of the roller 5 and is connected at both ends to the two ends of the bracket 7 of the U-shaped plate. The roller 5 is connected to the bracket 7 through the roller 6 to achieve free rolling; a through hole 7a is provided on the top plate of the bracket 7, through which the flat-head connecting bolt 12 of the bearing component passes and is fixedly connected by a fastening nut 13 to fix the bearing component on the bracket 7, and the heat-gathering heating component carried by the bearing component is bound and fixed to the moving control device by a binding component.

[0065] In addition, in this implementation, the top plate of the support 7 is fixedly connected to the traction mechanism so that the traction mechanism can drive the movement control device and the load-bearing component and the heat-concentrating heating component fixedly installed thereon to move synchronously.

[0066] In one implementation method, refer to Figures 8 to 10As shown, the traction mechanism includes: a connecting rod 8 and a handle 9; the connecting rod 8 is configured as a U-shaped tube, with a cylindrical handle 9 fitted in the middle of the U-shape, and the ends of the connecting arms on both sides of the U-shaped tube are bent. The bent areas at the ends of the connecting arms on both sides are fixedly connected to the top two ends of the bracket 7 by adhesive bonding or welding. The length Y dimension of the bent area is greater than the width V dimension of the bracket 7; the handle 9 is used by the operator to grip or to move the traction control device after connecting the traction device.

[0067] In one implementation method, refer to Figure 1 ,as well as Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the binding components include: O-ring fasteners 10, straps 15, fixing straps 16, strap buckles 17, and fixing strap buckles 18. In this embodiment, two O-ring fasteners 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the through hole 7a of the bracket 7, approximately at 1 / 4 and 3 / 4 of the length of the mounting surface of the bracket 7. The O-ring fasteners 10 are fixed to the bracket 7 by threaded connection.

[0068] It should be noted that, before disassembling the skin 19 of the adhesive structure using the movable steady-state heating fixture provided in this embodiment of the invention, the method for installing and adjusting the fixture as a whole is as follows:

[0069] After the bearing component is fixedly connected to the movement control device through the through hole 7a on the bracket 7, it is placed on the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled off in the adhesive structure. The main arm of the connecting arm of the connecting rod 8 is kept in a horizontal position. The heat-gathering heating component is arranged on the fixed rubber block 14 of the bearing component. The heat-gathering heating component is rotated and moved back and forth to adjust it so that the width side of the air outlet of the blower connector housing 1 contacts and adheres to the skin 19 in the width direction. Then, the handle of the electric hot air blower 3 is facing upward, and the electric hot air blower 3 is bound and fixed to the movement control device to restrict its axial rotation and back and forth movement.

[0070] The following describes the preparation method of a movable steady-state heating fixture specifically designed for low-stress disassembly of adhesive structures in this invention embodiment. The preparation process of this fixture includes:

[0071] Step 1: Prepare a directional heat-concentrating heating component;

[0072] The heat-concentrating blower housing 1 is formed by rolling, stamping or welding metal sheet. The blower housing 1 is a round-to-square part, which smoothly transitions from a circular cross-section at the rear end to a rectangular cross-section at the front end. The straight section of the rectangular cross-section is the air outlet of the blower housing 1. The circular interface at the rear end is connected to the air outlet of the electric heating blower 3. The electric heating blower 3 is selected with a power of 1KW to 3KW, the outlet air velocity is not less than 5m / s, and the heating method is resistance wire heating.

[0073] In one implementation, for example, the blower connector housing 1 can be manufactured using a rolling process, and aluminum alloy O-state sheet with a thickness of 0.8mm to 1.2mm can be selected; another example is that the blower connector housing 1 can be manufactured using a stamping or welding process, and the material can be aluminum, iron, or steel, with the wall thickness of the formed blower connector housing 1 controlled between 0.5mm and 3mm. Figure 3 As shown, the length A and width C (i.e., air outlet width) of the straight section of the rectangular cross-section of the hair dryer connector housing 1 can be selected from 20mm to 40mm, the B dimension (i.e., air outlet height) can be selected from 5mm to 15mm, and the D dimension (i.e., circular interface diameter) is selected according to the air outlet size of the selected electric hair dryer 3. The diameter at 10mm to 15mm inward from the front end of the air outlet of the electric hair dryer 3 is selected as the D dimension, which can be selected from 25mm to 35mm. The length E of the round-to-square section can be selected from 40mm to 50mm.

[0074] In one optional implementation, the air guide grille 2 is manufactured by welding or gluing a metal plate with a thickness of 0.5mm to 2mm. Its length is dimension A, and its cross-sectional dimensions match the inner dimensions of the straight section of the blower connector housing 1. The G dimension of the rectangular cross-section air guide cell can be selected as 2mm to 5mm, and the F dimension as 3mm to 5mm. In another optional implementation, the air guide grille 2 can also be manufactured by cutting hexagonal cross-section air guide cells from an aluminum honeycomb core material with a height of dimension A and a grid side length of 2mm to 4mm. During cutting, the height direction of the honeycomb core is along the dimension A direction, and the cross-sectional direction of the honeycomb core is along the dimension C direction.

[0075] Adjust and fit the air guide grille 2 until it can be flexibly inserted into the straight section of the blower connector housing 1. After adjustment, insert it into the straight section of the blower connector housing 1 until the end face is flush. Fix the air guide grille 2 into the straight section of the blower connector housing 1 using adhesive bonding or welding. This completes the preparation of the directional heat-concentrating blower connector. Fit the circular connector of the blower connector housing 1 into the air outlet of the electric heater 3. Place the electric heater 3 vertically and rotate and adjust the blower connector housing 1 so that its straight section is in a horizontal position. After adjustment, apply sealing tape to the fitting position to fix it. This completes the preparation of the heat-concentrating heating component.

[0076] Step 2: Prepare a movable steady-state heating fixture;

[0077] The movable steady-state heating fixture in this embodiment of the invention comprises three structural parts: a heat-concentrating heating component, a supporting component, and a movement control device. The heat-concentrating heating component is prepared in step 1 using a blower connector housing 1, an air guide grille 2, and an electric heating blower 3. The supporting component includes: a supporting block 11, a flat-head connecting bolt 12, a fastening nut 13, and a fixing rubber block 14. The movement control device includes: a rubber roller sleeve 4, a roller 5, a roller shaft 6, a bracket 7, a connecting rod 8, a handle 9, an O-ring fastener 10, a strap 15, a fixing strap 16, a strap buckle 17, and a fixing strap buckle 18. The preparation method of the supporting component and the movement control device in this movable steady-state heating fixture includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 21, prepare the load-bearing component;

[0079] The bearing block 11 is made of metal, plastic, or rigid foam board, either pressed or CNC machined. The bearing block 11 is a uniform thickness bearing block with an inner cylindrical surface, with a thickness selectable from 2mm to 5mm. The diameter of the cylindrical surface can be 50mm to 70mm, the length in the generatrix direction can be 40mm to 50mm, and the arc length can be 30mm to 40mm. A countersunk hole is made at the center of the bearing block 11. The dimensions P (inner diameter of the countersunk hole) and Q (inner diameter of the shaft hole) of the countersunk hole are selected in coordination with the dimensions H (outer diameter of the head) and J (smooth shaft diameter of the bolt) of the flat-head connecting bolt 12 according to the hole-shaft assembly relationship. The countersunk depth of the countersunk hole is not less than the dimension K (head height of the flat-head connecting bolt 12). The flat-head connecting bolt 12 is made of metal or plastic material. The dimension L (smooth shaft length) can be 6mm to 10mm, the dimension M (stud shaft length) can be 10mm to 15mm, and the dimension N is the flat-head connecting bolt... The external thread diameter of the stud in bolt 12 is matched with that of the fastening nut 13. It is recommended to select M6, M8 or M10 for the flat-head connecting bolt 12. Insert the flat-head connecting bolt 12 into the countersunk hole of the bearing block 11. After it is in place, fix it firmly by gluing or welding with room temperature curing adhesive. Adhere and fix the rubber block 14 to the inner cylindrical surface of the bearing block 11 with double-sided tape or room temperature curing adhesive. The thickness of the fixing rubber block 14 can be 1mm to 2mm. The outer dimensions of the fixing rubber block 14 after being attached extend 1mm to 3mm beyond the edge of the bearing block 11, thus completing the preparation of the bearing component.

[0080] Step 22, prepare the motion control device;

[0081] A roller-type rolling mechanism is formed by a rubber roller sleeve 4, a roller 5, a roller shaft 6, and a bracket 7. The rubber roller sleeve 4 is fitted onto the rolling cylindrical surface of the roller 5. The roller shaft 6 passes through the central axis of the roller 5 and is connected at both ends to the two ends of the bracket 7 of the U-shaped plate. The outer diameter of the rubber roller sleeve 4 can be 50mm to 70mm, and the length T can be 50mm to 150mm. Optionally, the rubber roller sleeve 4 and the roller 5 can also be an integral soft roller, with the roller 5 connected to the bracket 7 via the roller shaft 6 to achieve free rolling. The bracket 7 is made of metal or plastic and is a U-shaped plate with a thickness of 2mm to 4mm. The length U dimension is coordinated with the roller 6, the width V dimension is 10mm to 20mm, and the height dimension is designed to leave a gap of 10mm to 20mm after the rubber roller sleeve 4 is installed. A through hole 7a is made in the center of the mounting surface of the bracket 7. The hole diameter is between the N and J dimensions of the flat head connecting bolt 12 to meet the insertion of the flat head connecting bolt 12 and the fixing requirements of the fastening nut 13. In addition, two O-type fasteners 10 are evenly arranged on both sides of the through hole 7a of the bracket 7, roughly at 1 / 4 and 3 / 4 of the length of the mounting surface of the bracket 7. The O-type fasteners 10 are fixed to the bracket 7 by threaded connection. The external dimensions of the O-type fasteners 10 only need to meet the fixing connection of the strap 15 and the fixing strap 16.

[0082] In one alternative, the fixing strap 16 can be a woven strap with a width of 10mm to 20mm and a length of 200mm to 300mm. One end is fixed to the O-ring fastener 10 by sewing or knotting, and the other end is a free end. After wrapping around the outer wall of the electric hair dryer 3, it can be locked to another O-ring fastener 10 by the fixing strap buckle 18. In another alternative, the binding strap 15 can be a woven strap or rope with a length of 500mm to 600mm. One end is fixed to the O-ring fastener 10 by sewing or knotting, and the other end is a free end. After wrapping around the handle of the electric hair dryer 3 and wrapping around the outer wall, it can be locked to another O-ring fastener 10 by the binding strap buckle 17.

[0083] In one implementation scheme, the connecting rod 8 is made of metal or plastic and is a U-shaped tube. The rectangular cross-section of the tube can be 4mm to 6mm in length and width. A cylindrical handle 9 is fitted in the middle of the U-shape. The ends of the connecting arms on both sides of the U-shaped tube are bent. The bent areas of the connecting arms on both sides are fixedly connected to the top ends of the bracket 7 by gluing or welding. The length Y of the bent area must be greater than the width V of the bracket 7. For example, the Y dimension can be 20mm to 30mm. The bending angle S can be 140° to 160°. The length X of the main arm in the connecting arm can be 100mm to 120mm. The handle 9 is made of rubber or foam material, with a diameter of 10mm to 20mm and a length of 90mm to 110mm, and is used for human hand gripping or connecting to the traction device.

[0084] Step 23: Assemble the tooling required for implementing the disassembly method;

[0085] After connecting the bearing assembly to the movement control device through the through hole 7a on the bracket 7, place it on the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled off in the adhesive structure. Keep the main arms of the connecting arms on both sides of the connecting rod 8 in a horizontal position. Place the heat-concentrating heating assembly on the fixed rubber block 14 of the bearing assembly. Rotate and move the heat-concentrating heating assembly back and forth to adjust it so that the width side of the air outlet of the blower connector housing 1 contacts and adheres to the skin 19 in the width direction. Then, make the handle of the electric hair dryer 3 face upward. Use the fixing strap 16 to fix the electric hair dryer 3 through the O-ring fastener 10 and the fixing strap buckle 18 to keep the electric hair dryer 3 in the adjusted position and prevent the electric hair dryer 3 from rotating. Use the strap 15 to fix the handle of the electric hair dryer 3 through the O-ring fastener 10 and the strap buckle 17 to prevent the electric hair dryer 3 from moving back and forth.

[0086] After employing the disassembly fixture specifically designed for bonded structures provided in this embodiment of the invention, a low-stress disassembly method can be implemented on the bonded structure using a movable steady-state heating fixture. The disassembly method is carried out through the following process:

[0087] Step 1: Obtain the peeling start edge of the skin 19 to be peeled using conventional methods, and use a clamp-like fixture to hold the peeling start edge;

[0088] Step 2: Place the movable steady-state heating device on the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled in the adhesive structure. Align the width of the air outlet of the blower connector housing 1 with the root of the peeling start edge of the skin 19. The roller of the rolling mechanism in the moving control device moves along the width of the skin 19. This position is set as the initial position for thermal peeling.

[0089] Step 3: Pull the handle 9 of the movable steady-state heating fixture horizontally so that the movable steady-state heating fixture can translate along the peeling boundary 22 of the skin 19 in the length direction of the skin 19; after restoring the movable steady-state heating fixture to the initial position of thermal peeling, start the electric heating blower 3 to heat the skin 19.

[0090] Step 4: Measure the surface temperature of the skin 19 directly in front of the air outlet of the blower connector housing 1. By adjusting the airflow and heating power of the electric heating blower 3, the temperature at the measuring point of the skin 19 can be raised to a range 15℃~30℃ lower than the curing temperature of the adhesive 20 within 2s~4s. Apply a peeling force to the skin 19 of the bonded structure using clamps. Maintain the heating and blowing power of the electric heating blower 3. When the skin 19 and the adhesive 20 begin to separate, immediately pull the handle 9 of the movable steady-state heating fixture at a uniform speed of 0.005m / s~0.01m / s in the horizontal direction. At the same time, continuously and stably apply the peeling force so that the peeling speed of the skin 19 is basically the same as the moving speed of the blower connector housing 1. When the blower connector housing 1 moves to the other end of the peeling boundary 22 of the skin 19, the disassembly and separation of the skin 19 and the skeleton part 21 can be completed.

[0091] This invention provides a low-stress disassembly method and disassembly fixture for adhesive structures. The invention designs and develops a directional, rapid-heating, movable, steady-state heating device. This device can be placed on the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled in the adhesive structure and continuously apply a peeling temperature to the skin 19. After the applied peeling temperature meets preset conditions, the movable, steady-state heating fixture can be smoothly moved by a movement control device, continuously applying directional heat-gathering heating for peeling during the movement. This allows for a stable and continuous application of directional heat-gathering heating along the length of the skin 19, achieving a rapid and short-term increase in the local temperature of the adhesive structure within the working area. The heating is only applied to the area of ​​the skin 19 to be peeled, with limited thermal impact on non-working areas. The technical solution provided by this invention, by using a heating method according to design requirements, effectively reduces the peeling strength of the adhesive 20 to be peeled. Only a small peeling force is needed to separate the skin 19 and adhesive 20 at the directional heat-gathering blower joint. Furthermore, after the skin 19 is completely peeled off, the integrity rate of the skeleton part 21 is high. Obviously, the technical solution provided by this invention innovatively offers a low-stress disassembly method for adhesive structures, solving the problems of skeleton deformation and damage caused by conventional disassembly, and can significantly improve the integrity rate of the skeleton after disassembly of adhesive structures.

[0092] The following is an illustrative example illustrating the implementation of the low-stress disassembly method and disassembly fixture for adhesive structures provided in this invention.

[0093] Implementation Example

[0094] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation principle of the low-stress disassembly method for adhesive structures provided as an example of the present invention. A wing spoiler is selected as a typical case to illustrate the implementation of the disassembly method provided by the present invention. This spoiler is a full-height wedge-shaped cross-section honeycomb sandwich structure, consisting of an aluminum alloy skin 19, J-116 adhesive 20, and a frame component (i.e.,...). Figure 11 The C-shaped thin-walled aluminum alloy beam 21a is bonded together. During manufacturing and repair, it is necessary to separate the skin 19 and the C-shaped thin-walled aluminum alloy beam to disassemble and obtain the C-shaped thin-walled aluminum alloy beam 21a as intact as possible. In this implementation example, a special disassembly tooling is prepared, and the specific process of implementing the disassembly scheme is as follows:

[0095] The blower connector housing 1 is formed by rolling 1.0mm thick 2A12-O aluminum alloy sheet. The blower connector housing 1 is a round-to-square part, smoothly transitioning from a circular cross-section to a rectangular cross-section. The straight section of the rectangular cross-section is the air outlet. The circular connector at the rear end is sleeved on the air outlet of the electric hair dryer 3. The electric hair dryer 3 is a shelf product with a power of 2KW, a maximum outlet wind speed of 50m / s, and a heating method of resistance wire heating. The length A and the width C of the straight section of the rectangular cross-section of the blower connector housing 1 are both 30mm, the height B of the air outlet is 10mm, the diameter D of the circular connector is 30mm, and the length E of the round-to-square section is 45mm.

[0096] The air guide grille 2 is made of hexagonal cross-section air guide cell using aluminum honeycomb core material with a height of 30mm and a cell side length of 3mm. During the cutting, the height direction of the honeycomb core is along dimension A, and the cross-section direction of the honeycomb core is along dimension C. The size of the cut honeycomb core is 28mm×8mm×30mm.

[0097] Adjust and fit the air guide grille 2 until it can be flexibly inserted into the straight section of the blower connector housing 1. After adjustment, insert it until the end face is flush. Apply room temperature curing adhesive SY-49 to the bonding surface and glue the air guide grille 2 to the straight section of the blower connector housing 1. After 24 hours at room temperature, the heat-concentrating blower connector is ready. Fit the circular connector of the blower connector housing 1 into the air outlet of the electric hot air blower 3. Place the electric hot air blower 3 vertically and rotate and adjust the blower connector housing 1 so that its straight section is in a horizontal position. After adjustment, apply sealing tape to the fitting position to fix it.

[0098] The bearing block 11 is CNC machined using PMI foam board. The bearing block 11 is a bearing block with an inner cylindrical surface of equal thickness, with a thickness of 3.5mm, a cylindrical surface diameter of 60mm, a generatrix length of 45mm, and an arc length of 35mm. A countersunk hole is made at the center of the bearing block 11, with dimensions P=12mm, Q=10mm, and a countersunk depth of 2mm. The flat-head connecting bolt 12 is made of steel with dimensions H=11.5mm, J=9.5mm, K=2mm, L=8mm, M=12mm, and N is M8. The fastening nut 13 is an M8 hexagonal nut. The flat-head connecting bolt 12 is inserted into the countersunk hole of the bearing block 11. After it is in place, room temperature curing adhesive SY-49 is applied to the bonding surface and the gaps are filled. A 1.5mm thick fixing rubber block 14 is cut. The outer dimension of the fixed rubber block 14 after being applied is 2mm larger than the edge of the bearing block 11. After applying room temperature curing adhesive SY-49 to the bonding surface of the fixing rubber block 14, it is fixed in the center on the bearing block 11. After being placed at room temperature for 24 hours, the preparation of the bearing component is completed.

[0099] The roller-type rolling mechanism is composed of a rubber roller sleeve 4, a roller 5, a roller shaft 6 and a bracket 7. The rubber roller sleeve 4 has an outer diameter of 60mm and a length of 100mm. The roller 5 is a hard plastic hollow roller. It is connected to the bracket 7 through the steel roller shaft 6 to achieve free rolling. The bracket 7 is made of 2A12-T4 steel with a thickness of 3mm. It is a U-shaped plate with a length of 120mm, a width of 15mm, and a height of 56mm. The gap after the rubber roller sleeve 4 is installed is 15mm. A through hole 7a with a diameter of 9mm is made in the center of the mounting surface of the bracket 7. Two O-ring fasteners 10 are evenly arranged on both sides of the through hole 7a, distributed at a distance of 30mm from the end face of the bracket 7. They are fixed to the bracket 7 by threaded connection. The fixing strap 16 is made of canvas with a width of 15mm and a length of 250mm. One end is fixed to the O-ring fastener 10 by sewing, and the other end is a free end. It can be locked to another O-ring fastener 10 by steel fixing strap buckle 18. The binding strap 15 is made of nylon rope with a length of 550mm. One end is fixed to the O-ring fastener 10 by knotting, and the other end is a free end. It can be locked to another O-ring fastener 10 by steel binding strap buckle 17. The connecting rod 8 is made of 2A12-T4 steel with a thickness of 5mm. It is a U-shaped tube with a rectangular cross-section of 5mm in length and width. The middle part is connected to the round handle 9, which is fixed to the bracket 7 by spot welding. The dimension Y=25mm, the bending angle dimension S is 150°, and the dimension X is 110mm. The handle 9 is made of foam material with a diameter of 15mm and a length of 100mm, for human hand gripping.

[0100] After connecting the bearing assembly to the movement control device through the through hole 7a on the bracket 7, place it on the surface of the skin 19 to be peeled off in the adhesive structure. Keep the main arms of the connecting arms on both sides of the connecting rod 8 in a horizontal position. Place the heat-concentrating heating assembly on the fixed rubber block 14 of the bearing assembly. Rotate and move the heating assembly back and forth to adjust it so that the width of the air outlet of the blower connector housing 1 contacts and adheres to the skin 19 in the width direction. Then, make the handle of the electric heat blower 3 face upward. Use the fixing strap 16 to fix the electric heat blower 3 through the O-ring fastener 10 and the fixing strap buckle 18 to keep the electric heat blower 3 in the adjusted position and prevent the electric heat blower 3 from rotating. Use the binding strap 15 to fix the handle of the electric heat blower 3 through the O-ring fastener 10 and the binding strap buckle 17 to prevent the electric heat blower 3 from moving back and forth. This completes the preparation of the movable steady-state heater.

[0101] Draw a peeling boundary 22 within the area to be peeled, avoiding the outer dimension of the C-shaped thin-walled aluminum alloy beam 21a by 5mm. Use a cutting machine to cut the skin 19 along the peeling boundary 22. Use a fiberglass wedge to wedge into the adhesive surface of the C-shaped thin-walled aluminum alloy beam 21a and the skin 19 from any free end, partially lifting the end of the skin 19 to form the peeling start edge of the skin 19. Use a strong clamp to hold the peeling start edge. Place the movable steady-state heating fixture on the surface to be peeled, align the blower connector housing 1 with the root of the peeling start edge of the skin 19, and place the roller 6 in the center along the peeling width. This position is the initial position for thermal peeling. Pull the handle 9 horizontally to allow the movable steady-state heating fixture to translate along the peeling boundary 22. Return the movable steady-state heating fixture to the initial position for thermal peeling and start the process. The electric heating blower 3 begins to heat the skin 19. The surface temperature of the skin 19 directly in front of the air outlet of the blower connector housing 1 is measured. The air outlet and heating levels of the electric heating blower 3 are adjusted to the highest level so that the temperature at the measuring point of the skin 19 can rise to 160℃ within 3 seconds. The strong clamp is pulled along the 90° direction to apply a peeling force to the skin 19 of the adhesive structure. The heating and blowing power of the electric heating blower 3 is maintained. When the skin 19 and the adhesive 20 begin to separate, the handle 9 is immediately pulled at a uniform speed of 0.008m / s in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the peeling force is continuously and stably applied so that the peeling speed of the skin 19 and the moving speed of the blower connector housing 1 are basically the same. When the blower connector housing 1 moves to the other end of the peeling boundary 22, the disassembly and separation of the skin 19 and the C-shaped thin-walled aluminum alloy beam 21a can be completed.

[0102] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, they are merely illustrative of the embodiments to facilitate understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and variations in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein; however, the scope of patent protection for this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A disassembly tool for adhesive-bonded structures, characterized in that, The adhesive structure is formed by bonding skin (19), adhesive and skeleton parts (21). The disassembly tooling is a movable steady-state heating tooling for heating and peeling the skin (19) to be peeled in the adhesive structure. The disassembly tooling is arranged on the surface of the skin (19) to be peeled in the adhesive structure. The disassembly tooling includes: a heat-concentrating heating component, a bearing component and a movement control device. Among them, the heat-concentrating heating component is heated by an electric hot air blower (3), and the skin (19) is directionally heated by the air guide grille (2) set in the front end cavity of the blower connector housing (1); The supporting component is supported on the bottom outer wall of the electric heating blower (3) through the inner end face of its supporting part, and is fixedly connected to the bracket (7) of the rolling mechanism in the moving control device. The moving control device is bound and fixed to the electric heating blower (3), and the air outlet width of the blower connector housing (1) in the heat-concentrating heating component contacts and adheres to the surface of the skin (19) to be peeled off in the adhesive structure. The heat-concentrating heating component and the supporting component are pulled by the traction mechanism in the moving control device and moved as a whole with the moving control device. During the movement, the heat-concentrating heating component moves along the peeling direction of the skin (19) and continues to heat, so that the skin (19) is separated from the adhesive (20), thereby realizing the disassembly and separation of the skin (19) and the skeleton parts (21) in the adhesive structure. The air guide grille (2) is formed by welding or gluing a metal plate. The length of the air guide grille (2) is the same as the length of the straight section of the air blower housing (1). The cross-sectional dimensions of the air guide grille (2) are the same as the inner dimensions of the straight section of the air blower housing (1); or, The air guide grille (2) is formed by cutting the hexagonal cross-section air guide cell of aluminum honeycomb core material. The height of the aluminum honeycomb core material is the length of the straight section of the blower connector shell (1). During the cutting process, the height direction of the aluminum honeycomb core is cut along the length direction of the straight section, and the cross-section direction of the honeycomb core is cut along the width direction of the straight section. The heat-concentrating heating assembly includes: a blower connector housing (1), an air guide grille (2), and an electric heat blower (3); wherein, the blower connector housing (1) is configured as a round-to-square part, smoothly transitioning from a circular rear end interface to a rectangular front end outlet, including a straight section with a fixed rectangular cross-section at the front and a round-to-square section with a variable cross-section at the rear; the air guide grille (2) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the straight section of the blower connector housing (1) to form a directional heat-concentrating blower connector; the blower connector housing (1) is sleeved onto the air outlet of the electric heat blower (3) through the circular rear end interface; The mobile control device includes: a roller-type rolling mechanism, a traction mechanism, and a binding component; wherein, the roller-type rolling mechanism includes: a rubber roller sleeve (4), a roller (5), a roller shaft (6), and a bracket (7); the rubber roller sleeve (4) is fitted on the rolling cylindrical surface of the roller (5), the roller shaft (6) passes through the central shaft of the roller (5), and its two ends are connected to the two ends of the bracket (7) of the U-shaped plate, and the roller (5) is connected to the bracket (7) through the roller shaft (6) to achieve free rolling; a through hole (7a) is provided on the top plate of the bracket (7), and the flat-head connecting bolt (12) for the bearing component passes through the through hole (7a) and is fixedly connected by a fastening nut (13) to fix the bearing component on the bracket (7), and the binding component is used to bind and fix the heat-gathering component carried by the bearing component to the mobile control device; the top plate of the bracket (7) is fixedly connected to the traction mechanism so that the mobile control device and the bearing component and the heat-gathering component fixedly installed thereon can move synchronously through the traction mechanism.

2. The disassembly fixture for adhesive-bonded structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load-bearing component includes: a load-bearing block (11), a flat-head connecting bolt (12), a fastening nut (13), and a fixing rubber block (14). The bearing block (11) is configured as a bearing block of equal thickness with an inner cylindrical surface. A countersunk hole is provided in the center of the inner cylindrical surface. After the flat-head connecting bolt (12) is inserted into the countersunk hole from one end of the inner cylindrical surface, the protruding stud end passes through the through hole (7a) on the bracket (7) of the rolling mechanism in the moving control device and is then fixedly connected by a fastening nut (13). A fixing rubber block (14) is attached to the inner cylindrical surface of the bearing block (11).

3. The disassembly fixture for adhesive-bonded structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The traction mechanism includes: a connecting rod (8) and a handle (9); The connecting rod (8) is configured as a U-shaped tube, with a cylindrical handle (9) sleeved in the middle of the U-shape. The ends of the connecting arms on both sides of the U-shaped tube are bent. The bent areas at the ends of the connecting arms on both sides are fixedly connected to the top two ends of the bracket (7) by gluing or welding. The length Y dimension of the bent area is greater than the width V dimension of the bracket (7). The handle (9) is used by the operator to grip or connect the traction device to move the traction control device.

4. The disassembly fixture for adhesive-bonded structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The binding components include: O-ring fastener (10), strap (15), fixing strap (16), strap buckle (17) and fixing strap buckle (18). Among them, the bracket (7) has two O-shaped fasteners (10) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the through hole (7a); The fixing strap (16) is made of braided strap. One end is fixed to an O-ring fastener (10), and the other end is a free end. After wrapping around and closely adhering to the outer wall of the electric hot air blower (3), it is locked and fixed to another O-ring fastener (10) by the fixing strap buckle (18). The strap (15) is made of braided strap or rope. One end is fixed to an O-ring fastener (10), and the other end is free. After passing around the handle of the electric hair dryer (3) and sticking to its outer wall, it is locked and fixed to another O-ring fastener (10) by the strap buckle (17).

5. A disassembly fixture for adhesive-bonded structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The installation and adjustment method of the movable steady-state heating fixture before disassembly is as follows: After the bearing assembly is fixedly connected to the movement control device through the through hole (7a) on the bracket (7), it is placed on the surface of the skin (19) to be peeled off in the adhesive structure. The main arm of the connecting arm of the connecting rod (8) is kept in a horizontal position. The heat-gathering heating assembly is arranged on the fixed rubber block (14) of the bearing assembly. The heat-gathering heating assembly is rotated and moved back and forth to adjust it so that the air outlet width side of the blower head housing (1) contacts and adheres to the skin (19) in the width direction. The handle of the electric hot air blower (3) is facing upward. The electric hot air blower (3) is bound and fixed to the movement control device to restrict its axial rotation and back and forth movement.

6. A low-stress dismantling method for bonded structures, characterized in that, A low-stress disassembly method for adhesively bonded structures is implemented using the disassembly fixture described in any one of claims 1 to 5; the disassembly method includes: Step 1: Form the peeling start edge of the skin (19) to be peeled in the adhesive structure, and use a clamp to hold the peeling start edge; Step 2: Place the movable steady-state heating fixture on the surface of the skin (19) to be peeled in the adhesive structure, align the width edge of the air outlet of the blower connector housing (1) with the root of the peeling start edge of the skin (19), and set the roller of the rolling mechanism in the moving control device along the width direction of the skin (19) to the initial position of thermal peeling. Step 3: Pull the movable steady-state heating fixture along the length of the skin (19) so that it translates along the peeling boundary (22) of the skin (19); after restoring the movable steady-state heating fixture to the initial position of thermal peeling, start the electric heating blower (3) to heat the skin (19); Step 4: After measuring the surface temperature of the skin (19) directly in front of the air outlet of the blower connector housing (1) and finding it to meet the preset requirements, apply a peeling force to the skin (19) of the adhesive structure using clamps. Keep the electric heating blower (3) in a heated state. When the skin (19) and adhesive (20) begin to separate, pull the movable steady-state heating fixture horizontally at a preset speed to continuously and stably apply the peeling force, so that the peeling speed of the skin (19) and the moving speed of the blower connector housing (1) are consistent, so as to disassemble and separate the skin (19) and the skeleton parts (21) in the adhesive structure.

7. The low-stress dismantling method for bonded structures according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step 4 includes: Measure the surface temperature of the skin (19) directly in front of the air outlet of the blower connector housing (1). By adjusting the air volume and heating power of the electric heating blower (3), the temperature of the skin (19) measurement point can be raised to a preset temperature range below the curing temperature of the adhesive (20) within a preset time. Apply peeling force to the skin (19) of the bonded structure through the clamp, and maintain the heating and blowing power of the electric heating blower (3). When the skin (19) and the adhesive (20) begin to separate, immediately pull the movable steady-state heating fixture at a preset speed in the horizontal direction, and at the same time continuously and stably apply peeling force so that the peeling speed of the skin (19) and the moving speed of the blower connector housing (1) are consistent. When the blower connector housing (1) moves to the other end of the peeling boundary (22), the disassembly and separation of the skin (19) and the skeleton part (21) is completed.

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