A grinding apparatus and grinding method for the outer ring of a flange bearing.

Abstract

This application discloses a grinding apparatus and method for the outer ring of a flange bearing. The grinding wheel has a first grinding surface and a second grinding surface forming a predetermined angle. A dressing mechanism is used to dress the two grinding surfaces. A clamping mechanism is connected to an attitude adjustment mechanism including two displacement mechanisms and a rotation mechanism. During grinding, multiple candidate dressing profiles that satisfy the predetermined angle are determined based on the wear profiles of the two grinding surfaces, and a target dressing profile is selected according to the amount of grinding wheel material removed. After dressing, the position of the intersection point after dressing and the direction of the angle bisector after dressing are obtained with a fixed reference. Based on this, the position and rotation angle of the clamping mechanism in the two directions are adjusted so that the two grinding surfaces simultaneously contact the flange end face and the outer peripheral surface, respectively. Thus, it is not necessary to forcibly restore the dressed grinding wheel to the original position of the initial standard profile, and the grinding matching relationship can be re-established, reducing unnecessary grinding wheel material removal and improving the grinding wheel material utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to bearing processing, and more particularly to a grinding apparatus and grinding method for the outer ring of a flange bearing. Background Technology

[0002] A flange bearing outer ring has an outer circumferential surface and a flange portion located at one end of the outer circumferential surface, with the flange portion forming a flange end face. In precision transmission mechanisms, drive mechanisms, and other applications requiring high bearing installation accuracy, the machining accuracy of the flange end face and the outer circumferential surface affects the installation positioning accuracy and rotational accuracy of the flange bearing outer ring. To improve machining efficiency and ensure the relative positional accuracy between the flange end face and the outer circumferential surface, a composite grinding method can be used to machine both. This involves simultaneously grinding the flange end face and the outer circumferential surface using two grinding surfaces on the same grinding wheel, thereby achieving the required dimensional accuracy, contour accuracy, and relative positional accuracy for both the flange end face and the outer circumferential surface.

[0003] Existing flange bearing outer ring grinding equipment typically includes a grinding mechanism, a dressing mechanism, and a clamping mechanism. The grinding mechanism includes a grinding wheel driven to rotate by a drive assembly. The outer peripheral edge of the grinding wheel forms two grinding surfaces for grinding the flange end face and outer peripheral face, respectively. Within the axial section passing through the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, the cross-sectional profiles of the two grinding surfaces form an angle corresponding to the designed angle between the flange end face and the outer peripheral face. The clamping mechanism confines the flange bearing outer ring to a pre-set machining position and posture, allowing the two grinding surfaces to simultaneously contact the flange end face and outer peripheral face, respectively. When the two grinding surfaces wear down during grinding, causing their angle, position, or profile accuracy to deviate from the machining requirements, the dressing mechanism removes the grinding wheel material, allowing the two grinding surfaces to reshape a grinding profile that meets the predetermined angle and profile accuracy requirements.

[0004] However, differences may exist between the flange end face and outer peripheral face in terms of grinding area, contact length, grinding allowance, grinding load, grinding linear speed, and cooling and chip removal conditions, resulting in different degrees of wear on the two corresponding grinding surfaces. Existing clamping mechanisms are typically set up with fixed machining positions and postures. To ensure that the two ground surfaces can still accurately match the flange bearing outer ring in its original machining position and posture, the grinding process usually requires restoring the two grinding surfaces to their original positions in the machine tool coordinate system based on their initial standard contours. When the wear degrees of the two grinding surfaces differ, this grinding method may require additional removal of usable grinding wheel material from the less worn grinding surface. Since the effective contour allowance for achieving acceptable included angles, contour accuracy, and surface quality is mainly concentrated in the outer peripheral grinding area of ​​the grinding wheel, this additional material removal accelerates the consumption of the effective contour allowance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a grinding device and grinding method for the flange bearing outer ring to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a grinding apparatus for the outer ring of a flange bearing, which, after the spatial position and / or overall orientation of the first and second grinding surfaces of the grinding wheel have been altered by dressing, can adjust the position and orientation of the outer ring of the flange bearing so that the first and second grinding surfaces can still simultaneously match the flange end face and outer peripheral surface, respectively. This eliminates the need to forcibly restore the dressed first and second grinding surfaces to their original spatial positions with the initial standard contours, thereby reducing unnecessary removal of grinding wheel material.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a grinding device for the outer ring of a flange bearing, used for grinding the flange end face and outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the flange bearing, comprising: A grinding mechanism includes a grinding wheel and a drive assembly for driving the grinding wheel to rotate about its axis of rotation. The grinding wheel has a first grinding surface and a second grinding surface. In an axial section passing through the axis of rotation, the profile of the first grinding surface and the profile of the second grinding surface form a predetermined angle. The first grinding surface is used to grind the flange end face, and the second grinding surface is used to grind the outer peripheral surface. A trimming mechanism is used to trim the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface respectively, so that the trimmed first grinding surface and the second grinding surface meet the predetermined included angle; A clamping mechanism is used to support the outer ring of the flange bearing and restrict the outer ring of the flange bearing at a target position; An attitude adjustment mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism. The attitude adjustment mechanism includes a first displacement mechanism, a second displacement mechanism, and a rotation mechanism. The first displacement mechanism is used to drive the clamping mechanism to move along a first direction. The second displacement mechanism is used to drive the clamping mechanism to move along a second direction that is at an angle to the first direction. The rotation mechanism is used to drive the clamping mechanism to rotate around a rotation axis that is perpendicular to the plane containing the first direction and the second direction. The first displacement mechanism, the second displacement mechanism, and the rotation mechanism are used to adjust the position of the clamping mechanism along the first direction, the position along the second direction, and the rotation angle around the rotation axis after the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface have been dressed by the dressing mechanism; so that in the grinding state, the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface simultaneously contact the flange end face and the outer peripheral surface, respectively.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: 1. Because a dressing mechanism is used to dress the first and second grinding surfaces, the predetermined included angle is still maintained between the dressed first and second grinding surfaces. Furthermore, an attitude adjustment mechanism, including a first displacement mechanism, a second displacement mechanism, and a rotation mechanism, is employed to adjust the position of the clamping mechanism along the first direction, the position along the second direction, and the rotation angle around the rotation axis of the first and second grinding surfaces after dressing. Therefore, this effectively solves the problem in the prior art where the clamping position and clamping attitude of the flange bearing outer ring are fixed, requiring the dressed first and second grinding surfaces to be restored to their initial positions. The original spatial position of the quasi-contour leads to the problem of additional material removal from the less worn grinding surface. To address this, even when the spatial position and / or overall orientation of the first and second grinding surfaces change after adjustment, the grinding contact relationship can still be re-established with the flange end face and outer peripheral surface by adjusting the position and orientation of the flange bearing outer ring. This reduces unnecessary material removal from the grinding wheel, slows down the consumption of the effective contour allowance of the grinding wheel, and improves the material utilization rate of the grinding wheel, while ensuring that the first and second grinding surfaces meet the predetermined included angle and that the flange end face and outer peripheral surface can be ground simultaneously. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a grinding apparatus proposed in one embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a schematic structure in one embodiment of the present invention, showing the first and second grinding surfaces in contact with the flange end face and outer peripheral surface, respectively. Figure 4 A top view of a grinding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0009] The components include: 1. Grinding mechanism; 11. Grinding wheel; 111. First grinding surface; 112. Second grinding surface; 12. Drive mechanism; 13. Spindle seat; 2. Dressing mechanism; 21. Dressing pen; 22. Dressing displacement assembly; 3. Clamping mechanism; 31. Material support component; 32. Magnetic component; 33. Limiting component; 4. Attitude adjustment mechanism; 41. First displacement mechanism; 42. Second displacement mechanism; 43. Rotation mechanism; 5. Flange bearing; 51. Flange end face; 52. Outer peripheral surface. Detailed Implementation

[0010] See Figures 1 to 4This embodiment provides a grinding device for the outer ring of an ultra-miniature flange bearing 5, used to grind the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral face 52 of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. The outer ring of the flange bearing 5 includes a cylindrical outer ring body and a flange portion disposed at one axial end of the outer ring body. The outer peripheral side of the outer ring body forms the outer peripheral face 52, and the side of the flange portion facing the axially outer or axially inner side forms the flange end face 51. The grinding device includes a grinding mechanism 1, a dressing mechanism 2, a clamping mechanism 3, and a posture adjustment mechanism 4. The grinding mechanism 1 includes a grinding wheel 11 and a drive assembly for driving the grinding wheel 11 to rotate about its axis of rotation. The grinding wheel 11 has a first grinding surface 111 and a second grinding surface 112. In an axial section passing through the axis of rotation, the cross-sectional profile of the first grinding surface 111 and the cross-sectional profile of the second grinding surface 112 form a predetermined angle. The first grinding surface 111 is used to grind the flange end face 51, and the second grinding surface 112 is used to grind the outer peripheral surface 52. The dressing mechanism 2 is used to dress the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 respectively, so that the dressed first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 satisfy the predetermined angle. The clamping mechanism 3 is used to carry the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 and restrict the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 at a target position. The attitude adjustment mechanism 4 is connected to the clamping mechanism 3, and the attitude adjustment mechanism 4 includes a first displacement mechanism. 41. A second displacement mechanism 42 and a rotation mechanism 43, wherein the first displacement mechanism 41 is used to drive the clamping mechanism 3 to move along a first direction, the second displacement mechanism 42 is used to drive the clamping mechanism 3 to move along a second direction at an angle to the first direction, and the rotation mechanism 43 is used to drive the clamping mechanism 3 to rotate around a rotation axis perpendicular to the plane containing the first and second directions; wherein, after the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are dressed by the dressing mechanism 2, the first displacement mechanism 41, the second displacement mechanism 42 and the rotation mechanism 43 are used to adjust the position of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first direction, the position along the second direction and the rotation angle around the rotation axis, respectively; so that in the grinding state, the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 simultaneously contact the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, both the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are rotary conical surfaces formed around the rotation axis, and the connection between the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 forms an annular intersection line extending circumferentially along the grinding wheel 11; in the axial section passing through the central axis of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, the angle between the profile of the flange end face 51 and the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface 52 is 90°, and the predetermined angle is 90°.

[0012] Further, the trimming mechanism 2 includes at least one trimming pen 21 and a trimming displacement assembly 22. The trimming pen 21 has a trimming end for trimming the first polishing surface 111 and the second polishing surface 112. The trimming displacement assembly 22 is connected to the trimming pen 21. The trimming displacement assembly 22 includes a first trimming displacement mechanism, a second trimming displacement mechanism, and a third trimming displacement mechanism. The first, second, and third trimming displacement mechanisms are respectively used to drive the trimming pen 21 to move along three trimming directions perpendicular to each other in the moving direction, so that the trimming end can be moved to a first trimming position corresponding to the first polishing surface 111. The first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are respectively adjusted at a second adjustment position corresponding to the second grinding surface 112. The first adjustment displacement mechanism, the second adjustment displacement mechanism and the third adjustment displacement mechanism cooperate to adjust the adjustment position and adjustment direction of the adjustment end relative to the grinding wheel 11, so as to change the position of the annular intersection line after adjustment relative to the axis of rotation, and / or change the direction of the angle bisector of the angle formed by the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 in the axial section.

[0013] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism 1 also includes a spindle seat 13 for supporting the rotation of the grinding wheel 11. The grinding device also includes a reference assembly fixedly disposed on the spindle seat 13. The reference assembly includes a reference feature whose position and direction are fixed relative to the axis of rotation. The reference feature includes a positioning part for limiting the mounting position of an external measuring tool relative to the spindle seat 13, and an orientation part for limiting the mounting direction of the external measuring tool relative to the spindle seat 13, so that the external measuring tool can use the reference feature as a measurement reference to measure the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 after the grinding process.

[0014] The grinding mechanism 1 is used to grind the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral face 52. The dressing mechanism 2 is used to dress the working surface of the grinding mechanism 1. The clamping mechanism 3 is used to support and position the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. The attitude adjustment mechanism 4 is used to adjust the position and attitude of the clamping mechanism 3 and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 it supports relative to the grinding mechanism 1.

[0015] The grinding wheel 11 is mounted on the output end of the drive assembly, which drives the grinding wheel 11 to rotate around its axis of rotation. The drive assembly includes a drive motor and a spindle driven by the drive motor, with the grinding wheel 11 coaxially mounted on the spindle. The drive motor drives the spindle to rotate via a transmission mechanism. After installation, the central axis of the grinding wheel 11 coincides with the central axis of the spindle or is within the allowable coaxiality error range. The grinding wheel 11 has a first grinding surface 111 and a second grinding surface 112. In an axial section passing through the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel 11, the profile of the first grinding surface 111 intersects with the profile of the second grinding surface 112, forming a predetermined angle. Here, the axial section refers to the section passing through the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel 11, and the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are respectively represented by their corresponding profiles in this axial section. The predetermined included angle is set according to the required geometric relationship between the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, so that the first grinding surface 111 can form grinding contact with the flange end face 51, and the second grinding surface 112 can form grinding contact with the outer peripheral surface 52. In this embodiment, both the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are rotary conical surfaces formed around the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11. The first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are connected, and the connection point between them forms an annular intersection line that extends continuously along the circumference of the grinding wheel 11. In any axial section passing through the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11, this annular intersection line is the intersection point of the cross-sectional profile line of the first grinding surface 111 and the cross-sectional profile line of the second grinding surface 112. The specific axial width, radial dimension, and conical inclination angle of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 can be determined according to the size of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, the grinding allowance, and the design dimensions of the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52. In a preferred embodiment, within the axial section passing through the central axis of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, the profile of the flange end face 51 is perpendicular to the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface 52, and the included angle between them is 90 degrees. Correspondingly, the predetermined included angle between the profile of the first grinding surface 111 and the profile of the second grinding surface 112 is also 90 degrees. When the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 simultaneously contact the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 respectively, composite grinding of the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 can be performed in the same grinding process. It should be understood that in embodiments where the designed included angle between the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 is not 90 degrees, the predetermined included angle between the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 can also be set to other angles adapted to the designed included angle. During use, the grinding wheel 11 rotates around the axis of rotation, and the first grinding surface 111 and the flange end face 51 move relative to each other, and the second grinding surface 112 and the outer peripheral surface 52 move relative to each other, thereby removing the machining allowance of the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 respectively.

[0016] The clamping mechanism 3 is used to support the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 and confine it to a target position. This target position refers to the predetermined installation position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 relative to the clamping mechanism 3. The clamping mechanism 3 supports, positions, or limits the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, ensuring a defined positional relationship between the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 relative to the clamping mechanism 3. When the attitude adjustment mechanism 4 moves, the clamping mechanism 3 and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 it supports move or rotate as a whole relative to the grinding wheel 11, while the installation position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 relative to the clamping mechanism 3 remains unchanged or within the allowable positioning error range. The clamping mechanism 3 includes a support portion for supporting the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 and a positioning or limiting portion for limiting the movement of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. The support portion supports the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 through one or more surfaces, including the axial end face and the outer peripheral surface 52. The positioning or limiting portion can prevent the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 from moving out of the target position in an undesirable direction. The clamping mechanism 3 uses magnetic adsorption in conjunction with several limiting elements 33 to keep the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 in the target position during the grinding process. The specific structure of the clamping mechanism 3 is selected based on the size of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 and whether the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 needs to rotate around its own central axis during the grinding process.

[0017] The attitude adjustment mechanism 4 is connected to the clamping mechanism 3 and is used to adjust the position and attitude of the clamping mechanism 3 relative to the grinding wheel 11. The first displacement mechanism 41, the second displacement mechanism 42, and the rotation mechanism 43 can be connected in series. For example, the first displacement mechanism 41 carries the second displacement mechanism 42, the second displacement mechanism 42 carries the rotation mechanism 43, and the clamping mechanism 3 is mounted on the rotation mechanism 43.

[0018] The first displacement mechanism 41 and the second displacement mechanism 42 can adopt a structure in which linear guide rails cooperate with sliding seats. The rotation mechanism 43 can be a turntable. The first displacement mechanism 41, the second displacement mechanism 42, and the rotation mechanism 43 can be driven by motors or actuators respectively. When electric adjustment is used, the adjustment position of each mechanism can be obtained through position sensors to improve the repeatability of positioning.

[0019] In one embodiment, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, thereby decomposing the positional change of the clamping mechanism 3 in the position adjustment plane into two independent linear displacements. The rotation axis is perpendicular to the plane containing the first and second directions, enabling the rotation mechanism 43 to change the overall orientation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 in that plane. In other embodiments, the first direction and the second direction may also form a non-ninety-degree angle, as long as the two directions are not parallel to each other and the position of the clamping mechanism 3 in the corresponding plane can be adjusted by the combined movement of the two.

[0020] When the grinding wheel 11 is un-dressed or the position of its working surface remains unchanged after dressing, the clamping mechanism 3 can be adjusted to a preset grinding position, so that the first grinding surface 111 contacts the flange end face 51 and the second grinding surface 112 contacts the outer peripheral surface 52. After the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are dressed, the position of the annular intersection line relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11 may change, and the direction of the angle bisector of the angle formed by the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 may also change. At this time, by adjusting the position of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first direction through the first displacement mechanism 41, adjusting the position of the clamping mechanism 3 along the second direction through the second displacement mechanism 42, and adjusting the rotation angle of the clamping mechanism 3 around the rotation axis through the rotation mechanism 43, the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 can be refitted to the dressed first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112.

[0021] The dressing mechanism 2 includes at least one dressing pen 21 and a dressing displacement assembly 22 connected to the dressing pen 21. The dressing pen 21 has a dressing end for contacting the grinding wheel 11 and removing material from the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 of the grinding wheel 11. The dressing pen 21 is a diamond dressing pen 21. The dressing pen 21 is detachably mounted to the dressing displacement assembly 22 to facilitate replacement of the dressing pen 21 after wear and calibration of the dressing end position. The dressing displacement assembly 22 includes a first dressing displacement mechanism, a second dressing displacement mechanism, and a third dressing displacement mechanism. The three dressing displacement mechanisms drive the dressing pen 21 to move along three dressing directions that are perpendicular to each other in the direction of movement, thereby giving the dressing end three independent linear motion degrees of freedom. The three dressing directions can correspond to the axial direction, radial direction, and direction perpendicular to both the axial and radial directions of the grinding wheel 11, respectively, or other mutually perpendicular coordinate directions can be established according to the installation posture of the dressing mechanism 2 in the grinding device. The first, second, and third dressing displacement mechanisms each include a linear guide, a movable seat, and a drive component for driving the movable seat to move along the corresponding dressing direction. To meet the precision requirements of the grinding wheel 11 contour dressing, a linear motion mechanism capable of precise feeding and position holding is preferably used. The three dressing displacement mechanisms can be stacked sequentially, allowing the upper-level dressing displacement mechanism to drive the lower-level dressing displacement mechanism it carries and the dressing pen 21 to move together. Through the individual or coordinated movement of the three dressing displacement mechanisms, the dressing end can be moved to the first dressing position corresponding to the first grinding surface 111 and fed along a direction corresponding to the target contour of the first grinding surface 111 to dress the first grinding surface 111; alternatively, the dressing end can be moved to the second dressing position corresponding to the second grinding surface 112 and fed along a direction corresponding to the target contour of the second grinding surface 112 to dress the second grinding surface 112. The first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 can be sequentially dressed by the same dressing pen 21, or multiple dressing pens 21 can be set, with different dressing pens 21 corresponding to the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 respectively. When the three dressing displacement mechanisms move in coordination, the dressing position of the dressing end relative to the grinding wheel 11 and the combined dressing direction can be adjusted by adjusting the displacement amount in each dressing direction and the feed relationship in each dressing direction. For example, by changing the starting position of the dressing end along the axial and radial directions of the grinding wheel 11, the position where the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 intersect after dressing can be changed, thereby changing the position of the annular intersection line relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11; by changing the linkage feed ratio of the dressing end in different dressing directions, the combined feed direction of the dressing end relative to the grinding wheel 11 can be changed, thereby changing the tilt direction of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 after dressing, and changing the direction of the angle bisector of the angle formed by the two in the axial section.During dressing, the drive assembly drives the grinding wheel 11 to rotate around its axis of rotation at a suitable speed for dressing, while the dressing displacement assembly 22 drives the dressing pen 21 to gradually approach the grinding wheel 11. After the dressing end reaches the first dressing position, it feeds and dresses the first grinding surface 111; after the dressing end exits the first dressing position and moves to the second dressing position, it feeds and dresses the second grinding surface 112. During the dressing process, the desired contour can be gradually formed by controlling the single feed amount, feed speed, and reciprocating number of the dressing end, avoiding excessive single feed that could impact the grinding wheel 11 or the dressing pen 21. After dressing is completed, the dressing pen 21 is withdrawn from the rotation area of ​​the grinding wheel 11.

[0022] The spindle seat 13 is used to mount and support the spindle and bear the load generated during the rotation of the grinding wheel 11 and the grinding process. A bearing is provided between the spindle seat 13 and the spindle to enable the spindle to rotate stably relative to the spindle seat 13. The drive motor of the drive assembly is mounted on or located near the spindle seat 13 and is connected to the spindle through a transmission structure.

[0023] The reference assembly includes a reference feature (not shown in the figure) whose position and orientation are fixed relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11. Since the spindle seat 13 supports the spindle of the grinding wheel 11, after the reference assembly is installed on the spindle seat 13, the reference feature maintains a relatively fixed positional and directional relationship with the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11, allowing the reference feature to serve as a unified measurement reference when measuring the working surface of the grinding wheel 11 at different dressing stages. The reference feature includes a positioning part and an orientation part. The positioning part restricts the installation position of the external measuring tool relative to the spindle seat 13, and the orientation part restricts the installation direction of the external measuring tool relative to the spindle seat 13. The positioning part and the orientation part can be formed by different structures, or they can be formed by different surfaces of the same structure. For example, the positioning part may include a positioning surface, a positioning hole, a positioning pin, a positioning groove, or a positioning protrusion, and the orientation part may include a reference surface angled to the positioning surface, a guide groove, an orientation key, or a cooperating anti-rotation structure.

[0024] When it is necessary to measure the first polished surface 111 and the second polished surface 112 after the dressing process, an external measuring tool is installed on the reference assembly. The positioning part restricts the installation position of the external measuring tool, and the orientation part restricts the installation direction of the external measuring tool, so that the external measuring tool can maintain a basically consistent measurement position and measurement direction relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11 after each installation. The external measuring tool can be a contact probe. After measuring the first polished surface 111 and the second polished surface 112 after the dressing process using the external measuring tool, the position and direction information of the two polished surfaces relative to the reference feature can be obtained, thereby determining the position of the annular intersection line relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11 and the direction of the angle bisector of the angle formed by the first polished surface 111 and the second polished surface 112. After the measurement is completed, the external measuring tool can be removed from the reference assembly.

[0025] The operation process of this embodiment includes grinding preparation, grinding, dressing of the grinding wheel 11, post-dressing measurement, and posture adjustment. During grinding preparation, the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is installed on the clamping mechanism 3, positioning it in the target position. The clamping mechanism 3 is adjusted via the first displacement mechanism 41, the second displacement mechanism 42, and the rotation mechanism 43, so that the first grinding surface 111 corresponds to the flange end face 51, and the second grinding surface 112 corresponds to the outer peripheral surface 52. After the driving assembly drives the grinding wheel 11 to rotate, the grinding wheel 11 approaches the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 until the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 simultaneously form grinding contact with the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52, respectively. After a period of grinding, when the contours of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 no longer meet the usage requirements, the grinding wheel 11 is removed from the grinding state, and the dressing mechanism 2 is used to dress the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112, respectively. After dressing, external measuring tools are installed on the reference assembly to measure the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112. Based on the measurement results, the position of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first direction, the position along the second direction, and the rotation angle around the rotation axis are adjusted respectively to re-match the position and orientation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 with the working surface of the dressed grinding wheel 11. After the orientation adjustment is completed, the grinding wheel 11 is driven to move relative to the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 again to continue grinding the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52.

[0026] In this embodiment, a grinding wheel 11 with a first grinding surface 111 and a second grinding surface 112 is used to perform composite grinding on the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52. A dressing displacement assembly 22 with three mutually perpendicular degrees of freedom of motion is used to adjust the dressing position and dressing direction of the dressing pen 21. Two displacement mechanisms and a rotation mechanism 43 are used to adjust the position and rotation angle of the clamping mechanism 3 in two directions. At the same time, a reference assembly fixed relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11 is set on the spindle seat 13 so that external measuring tools can repeatedly position and measure the two ground surfaces after dressing. This effectively solves the problem in the prior art where the fixed clamping position and clamping posture are difficult to continue matching with the repaired working surface when the spatial position or overall orientation of the working surface of the grinding wheel 11 changes after repair. This allows the clamping mechanism 3 to adjust its position and posture according to the actual position and orientation of the repaired first grinding surface 111 and second grinding surface 112, thereby enabling the first grinding surface 111 and second grinding surface 112 to still simultaneously form grinding contact with the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52, respectively. This improves the adaptability and feasibility of re-matching the repaired grinding wheel 11 with the outer ring of the flange bearing 5.

[0027] In one embodiment, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and both extend horizontally, while the rotation axis extends vertically. The clamping mechanism 3 includes a material-bearing component 31, a magnetic component 32, and a plurality of limiting components 33. The material-bearing component 31 is connected to the attitude adjustment mechanism 4; the magnetic component 32 is disposed within the material-bearing component 31, and the magnetic component 32 is used to form a magnetic attraction area on the material-bearing component 31 to attract the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to the material-bearing surface; the plurality of limiting components 33 are disposed on the material-bearing component 31 and located at the magnetic attraction area; each limiting component 33 is configured such that when the magnetic component 32 restricts the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to the target position, the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 can only rotate, and the rotation plane of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is parallel to the material-bearing surface.

[0028] The support member 31 is connected to the attitude adjustment mechanism 4, enabling it to move along a first direction, a second direction, and rotate around a rotation axis. The support member 31 is a plate-shaped member, a block-shaped member, or a load-bearing structure formed by combining multiple plates with a predetermined rigidity. This ensures that the support member 31 is not prone to deformation affecting positioning accuracy when bearing the weight of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, the magnetic attraction force, and the force transmitted to the clamping mechanism 3 during grinding. The support surface is preferably a plane. After the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is placed on the support surface, the side of the outer ring facing the support surface contacts or is spaced apart from the support surface by a predetermined assembly gap. The support surface is directly formed on the body of the support member 31. The support member 31 may have a receiving cavity for accommodating the magnetic member 32, which is fixedly disposed in the receiving cavity. The magnetic member 32 is disposed adjacent to the support surface to shorten the distance between the magnetic member 32 and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 and improve the utilization efficiency of the magnetic attraction. The magnetic component 32 is fixed to the support component 31 by fasteners. The magnetic attraction area formed by the magnetic component 32 on the support surface refers to the area where the magnetic field generated by the magnetic component 32 can effectively exert a magnetic attraction on the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 placed on the support surface. The magnetic attraction area can be set to correspond to the target position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 on the support surface, so that when the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is in the target position, the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is at least partially located within the magnetic attraction area. The shape of the magnetic attraction area can be adapted to the projected shape of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 on the support surface. The magnetic attraction generated by the magnetic component 32 is used to attach the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to the support surface and to restrict the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 from detaching from the support component 31 in a direction away from the support surface. The magnetic attraction force should be able to resist the force that would cause the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to detach from the support surface during processing, movement, or rotation, and should not be so great as to hinder the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 from rotating within the position defined by the multiple limiting components 33. The magnetic component 32 is an electromagnet assembly, which can generate or de-magnetize the electromagnet by controlling the current flowing through it.

[0029] Multiple limiting members 33 are disposed on the receiving member 31 and located in the magnetic attraction area. "Located in the magnetic attraction area" here includes the limiting members 33 being located within the magnetic attraction area, at the edge of the magnetic attraction area, or adjacent to the magnetic attraction area, as long as the multiple limiting members 33 can form a corresponding limiting relationship around the target position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. The multiple limiting members 33 collectively define the target position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 on the receiving surface. The limiting members 33 are detachably mounted on the receiving member 31. When a detachable structure is adopted, the receiving member 31 may be provided with an adjustment groove, and the limiting members 33 are installed in the corresponding position by fasteners. By changing the installation position of the limiting members 33 on the receiving member 31, flange bearing 5 outer rings with different outer diameters, flange sizes, or profiles can be adapted. The multiple limiting members 33 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. Each limiting member 33 has a limiting portion facing the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, which is used to mate with the outer peripheral side of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. Multiple limiting parts restrict the translation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 within the bearing surface from different directions, preventing the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 from moving arbitrarily along the bearing surface. To allow the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to rotate, each limiting part 33 does not rigidly clamp the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to prevent rotation. A clearance is maintained between the multiple limiting parts 33 and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to allow rotation. This clearance should be sufficient to avoid excessive frictional resistance to the rotation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 caused by the limiting parts 33, while also limiting the translation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 within the bearing surface that would affect the machining position. The limiting parts 33 are preferably limiting blocks.

[0030] When the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is placed in the target position, the magnetic attraction generated by the magnetic component 32 attracts the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to the bearing surface, thereby restricting the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 from detaching from the bearing component 31 in a direction perpendicular to the bearing surface; multiple limiting components 33 restrict the translation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 from different directions within the bearing surface. The magnetic component 32 and the multiple limiting components 33 work together to ensure that the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 cannot be translated or detached from the bearing surface within the allowable assembly clearance range, but still retains the degree of freedom to rotate around its own central axis.

[0031] The plane of rotation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is parallel to the bearing surface. This means that when the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 rotates around its own central axis, the main motion trajectory of each point on it lies in a plane parallel to the bearing surface. Correspondingly, the central axis of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is basically perpendicular to the bearing surface. Here, the central axis of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is different from the rotation axis of the attitude adjustment mechanism 4. The rotation axis of the attitude adjustment mechanism 4 is used to change the overall attitude of the bearing component 31 and the clamping mechanism 3, while the central axis of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is used to limit the rotation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 relative to the bearing component 31.

[0032] During the loading process of the clamping mechanism 3, the receiving component 31 is first positioned to facilitate the placement of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. The outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is then placed in the target position defined by multiple limiting components 33, and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is positioned within the magnetic attraction area. The magnetic component 32 exerts a magnetic attraction on the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, causing it to adhere to the receiving surface. The multiple limiting components 33 circumferentially limit the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, keeping it in the target position.

[0033] After loading is complete, the attitude adjustment mechanism 4 can drive the material support 31, magnetic component 32, multiple limiting components 33, and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to move along a first direction, a second direction, or rotate around the rotation axis. During this adjustment process, the positions of the magnetic component 32 and the limiting components 33 relative to the material support 31 remain unchanged, and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 remains in the target position relative to the material support 31, so that the position and attitude changes of the clamping mechanism 3 can be accurately transmitted to the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. During processing, when the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is subjected to an external torque that causes it to rotate around its own central axis, the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 can maintain its attachment to the material support surface under magnetic attraction and rotate within the range defined by the multiple limiting components 33. The multiple limiting components 33 restrict the overall translation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 under external force, and the magnetic component 32 restricts the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 from tilting or detaching away from the material support surface, so that the main movement of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is rotation around its own central axis. After processing, the receiving component 31 can be moved to the unloading position, and the magnetic attraction of the magnetic component 32 on the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 can be released or reduced, so that the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 can be removed from among the multiple limiting components 33. When the magnetic component 32 is a non-switchable permanent magnet, the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 can be made to overcome the magnetic attraction and leave the receiving surface by setting a material picking groove, an ejector, or a material picking tool; when the magnetic component 32 is an electromagnet, an electro-permanent magnet assembly, or a switchable permanent magnet assembly, the magnetic attraction can be reduced or released by switching the working state of the magnetic component 32. In this embodiment, the receiving component 31 should have stiffness suitable for supporting the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 and bearing the processing load. When it is necessary to form or guide a magnetic circuit, at least a part of the receiving component 31 can be made of a magnetically conductive material.

[0034] In this embodiment, a magnetic element 32 installed within the material support 31 forms a magnetic attraction area on the material support surface, attracting the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to the material support surface. Multiple limiting elements 33 located in the magnetic attraction area jointly restrict the translation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 within the material support surface, while preserving the degree of freedom for the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to rotate around its own central axis. Furthermore, the material support 31 can move along two mutually perpendicular horizontal directions with the attitude adjustment mechanism 4 and rotate around the vertical rotation axis. Therefore, the problems of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 easily shifting relative to the material support 31 during position and attitude adjustment, and the potential restriction of the rotation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 by the rigid clamping method, are effectively solved. This allows the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to be stably maintained in the target position and to rotate in a rotation plane parallel to the material support surface when subjected to rotational torque, thereby improving the stability and adaptability of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 in bearing positioning and attitude adjustment.

[0035] In one embodiment, a grinding method for the outer ring of a flange bearing 5 is proposed. This method is implemented using the aforementioned grinding apparatus and includes: step S100, obtaining a wear profile jointly formed by the actual cross-sectional profiles of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 within the axial section; and step S200, determining multiple candidate trimming profiles based on the wear profile. Each candidate trimming profile includes intersecting first and second candidate profile lines, the first and second candidate profile lines forming a predetermined angle, the intersection of the first and second candidate profile lines defined as a candidate intersection point, and the angle bisector of the angle formed by the first and second candidate profile lines. Defined as a candidate angle bisector, at least two candidate trimming profiles have different positions of their candidate intersection points and / or different directions of their candidate angle bisectors, and each candidate trimming profile can be formed from the wear profile by removing material from the grinding wheel 11; step S300 determines the amount of grinding wheel 11 material removed required to trim the wear profile to each candidate trimming profile, and determines from each candidate trimming profile the candidate trimming profile whose grinding wheel 11 material removal amount meets a preset low-loss condition as the target trimming profile; step S400 provides a trimming mechanism 2 for trimming the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112, and adjusts the trimming position and trimming of the trimming mechanism 2 relative to the grinding wheel 11 according to the target trimming profile. The direction is determined, and the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are adjusted using the adjustment mechanism 2, so that the cross-sectional contour line of the adjusted first grinding surface 111 and the cross-sectional contour line of the second grinding surface 112 form the predetermined angle; step S500 uses a preset reference with a fixed position and direction relative to the rotation axis as a measurement reference to obtain the position of the post-adjustment intersection point formed by the intersection of the cross-sectional contour line of the adjusted first grinding surface 111 and the cross-sectional contour line of the second grinding surface 112 relative to the preset reference, and the bisector of the post-adjustment angle of the predetermined angle formed by the interface contour line of the adjusted first grinding surface 111 and the cross-sectional contour line of the second grinding surface 112 relative to the preset reference. The direction of the standard; Step S600, based on the position of the repaired intersection point relative to the preset reference, the direction of the repaired angle bisector relative to the preset reference, and the positional relationship between the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 relative to the clamping mechanism 3, determines the first translation adjustment amount along the first direction, the second translation adjustment amount along the second direction, and the rotation angle adjustment amount around the rotation axis of the clamping mechanism 3; Step S700, based on the first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount, and the rotation angle adjustment amount, adjusts the position and posture of the clamping mechanism 3 so that, in the grinding state, the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 simultaneously contact the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 respectively;Step S800 drives the grinding wheel 11 to move relative to the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, so that the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 simultaneously grind the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52, respectively.

[0036] Specifically: In step S100, after grinding for a period of time, the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 may experience different degrees of wear due to differences in their respective grinding loads, contact lengths, or grinding allowances. When obtaining the wear profile, the grinding process can be stopped first, and the grinding debris, grinding fluid, and other adhering substances that may affect the measurement results on the surfaces of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 can be removed. Within a selected axial section passing through the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11, the actual cross-sectional profiles of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are obtained respectively. The actual cross-sectional profiles can be obtained by taking multiple measurement points on the two grinding surfaces and fitting them together; or they can be obtained directly using a profile measuring device. The actual cross-sectional profiles of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 together form the wear profile. The wear profile here reflects the actual position, actual extension direction, and actual connection relationship between the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 under the current wear state. The wear profile should be established in a uniform measurement coordinate system so that it can be compared with each candidate trim profile in the future.

[0037] Step S200: Determine multiple candidate trimming profiles based on the wear profile. Each candidate trimming profile includes an intersecting first candidate profile line and a second candidate profile line. The first candidate profile line corresponds to the cross-sectional profile to be formed after trimming the first grinding surface 111, and the second candidate profile line corresponds to the cross-sectional profile to be formed after trimming the second grinding surface 112. The first candidate profile line and the second candidate profile line form a predetermined angle to ensure that the grinding wheel 11 can still meet the angle requirement between the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 after trimming.

[0038] The intersection of the first and second candidate contour lines is defined as the candidate intersection point. The candidate intersection point indicates the connection position of the two grinding surfaces in the corresponding candidate trimming contour within the axial section. The angle bisector of the angle formed by the first and second candidate contour lines is defined as the candidate angle bisector. The direction of the candidate angle bisector indicates the overall orientation of the corresponding candidate trimming contour.

[0039] Multiple candidate trimming profiles can be formed by changing the position of the candidate intersection point, changing the direction of the candidate angle bisector, or simultaneously changing both the position of the candidate intersection point and the direction of the candidate angle bisector. While keeping the predetermined included angle constant, changing the position of the candidate intersection point is equivalent to translating the overall profile formed by the first and second candidate profile lines within the axial section; changing the direction of the candidate angle bisector is equivalent to rotating the overall profile within the axial section.

[0040] Therefore, at least one of the positions of the candidate intersection points and the directions of the candidate angle bisectors of at least two candidate trimming profiles is different. Thus, the candidate trimming profiles are not limited to a single fixed position and fixed direction, but have different overall positions and / or overall directions while satisfying the predetermined included angle requirements.

[0041] Each candidate trimming profile should be formable by removing material from the current wear profile using the grinding wheel 11. In other words, a candidate trimming profile should not require additional material to be added to the grinding wheel 11. To determine whether a candidate trimming profile can be formed, it can be compared with the wear profile in the same axial section and coordinate system. If the process of forming the candidate trimming profile from the wear profile only requires removing material from the grinding wheel 11 located outside the candidate trimming profile, then the candidate trimming profile is feasible; if it requires adding material to the area where the grinding wheel 11 has already worn away, then the candidate trimming profile is excluded. The candidate trimming profile is determined based on the wear degree of the grinding wheel 11, the trimming allowance, and the position and attitude adjustment capability of the clamping mechanism 3. Candidate trimming profiles can be generated by the operator sequentially setting the candidate intersection point position and the candidate angle bisector direction at predetermined intervals, or they can be generated within permissible limits using calculation tools.

[0042] In step S300, the amount of grinding wheel 11 material removed required to trim the wear profile to each candidate trimming profile is determined. For each candidate trimming profile, the candidate trimming profile and the wear profile are placed in the same coordinate system, and the area of ​​grinding wheel 11 material that needs to be removed when the wear profile forms the candidate trimming profile is determined. The amount of grinding wheel 11 material removed can be represented by an evaluation quantity that characterizes the amount of grinding wheel 11 material to be removed. For example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the area of ​​material to be removed between the wear profile and the corresponding candidate trimming profile in the axial section can be determined, and this cross-sectional area can be used as the evaluation value of the amount of grinding wheel 11 material removed. For grinding wheels 11 with rotational characteristics, the corresponding material removal volume can also be calculated based on the cross-sectional area and its position relative to the axis of rotation. The evaluation method can be selected according to the actual measurement and calculation conditions, but all candidate trimming profiles should be compared using the same evaluation standard.

[0043] After obtaining the material removal amount of the grinding wheel 11 corresponding to each candidate dressing profile, a candidate dressing profile whose material removal amount of the grinding wheel 11 meets the preset low-loss condition is determined from multiple candidate dressing profiles, and this profile is taken as the target dressing profile. The preset low-loss condition is used to select the profile with less material removal from multiple candidate dressing profiles that meet the predetermined angle requirement and can be formed by removing material from the grinding wheel 11. The preset low-loss condition can be that the corresponding material removal amount of the grinding wheel 11 is the smallest among multiple candidate dressing profiles, or that the material removal amount of the grinding wheel 11 does not exceed a preset allowable value. When multiple candidate dressing profiles meet the preset low-loss condition, a candidate dressing profile can be determined as the target dressing profile by further considering the remaining usable profile range of the grinding wheel 11, the adjustment range of the clamping mechanism 3, or the convenience of the grinding position. The target dressing profile represents the profile that the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are to be formed after this dressing is completed. The target dressing profile still meets the predetermined angle, but its overall position or overall direction does not need to be consistent with the profile position and profile direction of the grinding wheel 11 in the initial state.

[0044] In step S400, the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are dressed according to the target dressing profile. The dressing mechanism 2 has a dressing end capable of contacting the grinding wheel 11 and removing material from the grinding wheel 11. Before dressing, the starting dressing position, dressing feed direction, and dressing path of the dressing mechanism 2 relative to the grinding wheel 11 are determined according to the target dressing profile. When dressing the first grinding surface 111, the dressing end of the dressing mechanism 2 is moved to a position corresponding to the first grinding surface 111, and feeds according to the position and direction determined by the first candidate profile line in the target dressing profile, thereby removing the grinding wheel 11 material located outside the target dressing profile on the first grinding surface 111. When dressing the second grinding surface 112, the dressing end is moved to a position corresponding to the second grinding surface 112, and feeds according to the position and direction determined by the second candidate profile line in the target dressing profile, thereby removing the grinding wheel 11 material located outside the target dressing profile on the second grinding surface 112. The first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 can be trimmed sequentially. During the trimming process, a multi-feed method can be used to gradually approach the target trimming contour to avoid excessive trimming in a single step. After each feed, the trimming allowance can be checked, and the feed amount for the next step can be adjusted based on the remaining material to be removed.

[0045] The dressing mechanism 2's position relative to the grinding wheel 11 determines the connection position of the two grinding surfaces after dressing, and the dressing direction of the dressing mechanism 2 relative to the grinding wheel 11 determines the extension direction of the corresponding grinding surface after dressing. By adjusting the position and direction of the dressing mechanism 2 when dressing the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112, the cross-sectional profile of the first grinding surface 111 and the cross-sectional profile of the second grinding surface 112 after dressing form a predetermined angle, and the two together form the overall position and overall direction corresponding to the target dressing profile.

[0046] Subsequently, the actual profile after dressing is obtained using a preset reference whose position and direction are fixed relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11 as the measurement reference. The preset reference remains fixed in position and direction relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11, thus unifying the measurement results obtained at different dressing stages into the same measurement coordinate system. The preset reference can be formed by a reference surface, positioning structure, or other stable structure fixedly set on the component supporting the grinding wheel 11. Within the axial section corresponding to the acquisition of the wear profile, the cross-sectional profile lines of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 after dressing are measured respectively. Multiple measurement points can be obtained on the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 respectively, and two dressed cross-sectional profile lines can be determined by fitting the measurement points. The intersection point of the dressed first grinding surface 111 cross-sectional profile line and the cross-sectional profile line of the second grinding surface 112 is determined as the dressed intersection point. The dressed intersection point reflects the actual connection position of the two grinding surfaces after dressing. The position of the dressed intersection point relative to the preset reference is further determined, and this position can be represented by two position coordinates in the coordinate system established with the preset reference. The bisector of the angle formed by the cross-sectional contour lines of the first polishing surface 111 and the second polishing surface 112 after trimming is determined as the post-trimming angle bisector. The post-trimming angle bisector reflects the actual direction of the overall contour formed by the two polishing surfaces after trimming. The direction of the post-trimming angle bisector relative to a preset reference is further determined. Here, the actual position and direction of the first polishing surface 111 and the second polishing surface 112 after trimming are obtained, rather than only using the theoretical position and direction of the target trimming contour. Therefore, the influence of installation errors of the trimming mechanism 2, feed errors, and differences in the actual material removal of the grinding wheel 11 on the trimming result can be incorporated into subsequent compensation.

[0047] Step S500: Determine the position adjustment amount and attitude adjustment amount of the clamping mechanism 3. The flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral face 52 have a predetermined positional relationship relative to the clamping mechanism 3. This positional relationship can be determined by the positioning position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 on the clamping mechanism 3, the size of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, and the geometric relationship between the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral face 52. Based on the position of the repaired intersection point relative to the preset reference, the direction of the repaired angle bisector relative to the preset reference, and the positional relationship between the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral face 52 relative to the clamping mechanism 3, determine the first translation adjustment amount along the first direction, the second translation adjustment amount along the second direction, and the rotation angle adjustment amount around the rotation axis of the clamping mechanism 3. In one embodiment, the rotation angle adjustment amount can be determined first based on the direction difference between the direction of the repaired angle bisector and the corresponding direction of the profile of the wheel to be ground formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral face 52. After compensating the clamping mechanism 3 for attitude according to the rotation angle adjustment, the first translation adjustment and the second translation adjustment are determined based on the position difference between the position of the repaired intersection point and the corresponding position of the profile of the wheel to be ground 11 formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52. The component of the position difference in the first direction corresponds to the first translation adjustment, and the component of the position difference in the second direction corresponds to the second translation adjustment. When the first direction and the second direction are not parallel to each other, the position difference can be decomposed into the first direction and the second direction through coordinate decomposition or geometric transformation. The first translation adjustment, the second translation adjustment, and the rotation angle adjustment can be calculated by the operator based on the measurement results and geometric relationships, or they can be determined with the help of pre-established geometric transformation relationships. Regardless of the method used, the three adjustment amounts are used to match the profile of the wheel to be ground 11 formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 with the actual profile formed by the repaired first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112.

[0048] Step S600: Adjust the position and orientation of the clamping mechanism 3 according to the first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount, and the rotation angle adjustment amount. Drive or operate the clamping mechanism 3 to move the first translation adjustment amount along the first direction, move the second translation adjustment amount along the second direction, and rotate the rotation angle adjustment amount around the rotation axis. The three adjustment actions can be performed sequentially according to a predetermined order, or they can be performed in combination according to the motion structure of the grinding device. In one embodiment, first adjust the rotation angle of the clamping mechanism 3 so that the overall direction of the profile of the wheel to be ground 11 formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 matches the overall direction represented by the bisector of the angle after repair; then adjust the position of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first and second directions so that the corresponding connection position of the profile of the wheel to be ground 11 formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 matches the position of the intersection point after repair.

[0049] In step S700, after adjustment, the clamping mechanism 3 and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 it carries gradually approach the grinding wheel 11. During the approach, trial contact can be performed at low speed or with a small stroke to observe whether the first grinding surface 111 and the flange end face 51, and the second grinding surface 112 and the outer peripheral surface 52, can simultaneously form contact within a predetermined range. When the first grinding surface 111 contacts the flange end face 51 but the second grinding surface 112 has not yet contacted the outer peripheral surface 52, or when the second grinding surface 112 contacts the outer peripheral surface 52 but the first grinding surface 111 has not yet contacted the flange end face 51, the first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount, or the rotation adjustment amount can be finely adjusted until the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 simultaneously establish the required grinding contact relationship with the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52, respectively.

[0050] In step S800, the grinding wheel 11 is driven to move relative to the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, grinding the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52. The grinding wheel 11 is driven to rotate around its axis of rotation, and a relative feed motion is generated between the grinding wheel 11 and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. The first grinding surface 111 contacts the flange end face 51 and removes the machining allowance of the flange end face 51, and the second grinding surface 112 contacts the outer peripheral surface 52 and removes the machining allowance of the outer peripheral surface 52, so that the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 simultaneously grind the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 respectively. During the grinding process, the rotational speed of the grinding wheel 11, the relative feed rate, and the single grinding feed amount are set according to the material of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, the grinding allowance, and the surface quality requirements. The relevant parameters should ensure that the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are both within the allowable grinding load range to avoid excessive local load on the grinding wheel 11 due to excessive feed. After grinding, the grinding wheel 11 is separated from the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, and the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is removed from the clamping mechanism 3. For the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 to be processed subsequently, grinding can continue in the current adjustment state if the grinding wheel 11 is not dressed again and the position and posture of the clamping mechanism 3 are not changed. When the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are worn again in the subsequent grinding process, and the actual contour cannot meet the processing requirements, the steps of obtaining the wear contour, determining the candidate dressing contour, selecting the target dressing contour, dressing the grinding wheel 11, measuring after dressing, determining the adjustment amount, and adjusting the clamping mechanism 3 can be repeated, thus forming a repetitive grinding and dressing cycle. By using the above method, while maintaining the predetermined angle between the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112, the two ground surfaces are not limited to a single fixed position and fixed direction. Instead, a target grinding profile that meets the preset low-loss condition is selected from multiple candidate grinding profiles that can be formed by removing the material of the grinding wheel 11. The position and orientation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 are adjusted according to the actual ground intersection position and the direction of the ground angle bisector. This allows the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 to be refitted to the two ground surfaces. This reduces the unnecessary removal of grinding wheel 11 material to restore the fixed profile position and fixed profile direction, and ensures that the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 can still grind the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 simultaneously.

[0051] Further, the predetermined included angle is 90°. When the grinding wheel 11 is in its initial usable state, the cross-sectional profile jointly formed by the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 in the axial section is defined as the initial standard profile. The candidate intersection position of the target trimming profile is different from the intersection position of the initial standard profile, and / or the direction of the candidate angle bisector of the target trimming profile is different from the direction of the angle bisector of the initial standard profile. Determining the amount of grinding wheel 11 material removed to trim the wear profile to each of the candidate trimming profiles includes: determining the cross-sectional area removed between each of the candidate trimming profiles and the wear profile in the axial section; the preset low-loss condition includes at least one of the following conditions: the cross-sectional area removed corresponding to the target trimming profile is the smallest among the cross-sectional areas removed corresponding to the multiple candidate trimming profiles; the cross-sectional area removed corresponding to the target trimming profile is less than the cross-sectional area removed to trim the wear profile to the initial standard profile.

[0052] Specifically, the predetermined angle formed by the cross-sectional profile of the first polishing surface 111 and the cross-sectional profile of the second polishing surface 112 is 90°. Correspondingly, the first candidate profile and the second candidate profile in each candidate trimming profile also form a 90-degree angle, so that the first polishing surface 111 and the second polishing surface 112, after being trimmed according to the candidate trimming profile, still maintain a geometric relationship of mutual perpendicularity.

[0053] Before the grinding wheel 11 is used for the first time, or when the grinding wheel 11 has completed its initial shaping and reached a state suitable for grinding, the initial cross-sectional profiles of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 within the axial section passing through the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11 are obtained, and the profile formed by the two is defined as the initial standard profile. The initial standard profile can be determined by the design dimensions of the grinding wheel 11, or by actual measurement of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 in their initial usable state. The initial standard profile includes the cross-sectional profile lines of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 in the initial state, the intersection point of the two cross-sectional profile lines, and the direction of the angle bisector of the angle formed by the two cross-sectional profile lines. To facilitate comparison between the initial standard profile and the wear profile and candidate dressing profiles, the initial standard profile, the wear profile, and each candidate dressing profile are all established under the same axial section and the same coordinate reference.

[0054] After the grinding wheel 11 is used and wears down, the actual cross-sectional profiles of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are obtained, and the two together constitute the wear profile. While maintaining a 90-degree angle between the first candidate profile line and the second candidate profile line, multiple candidate trimming profiles are set. These multiple candidate trimming profiles can have different candidate intersection points, different candidate angle bisector directions, or both. In this embodiment, the selected target trimming profile is different from the initial standard profile. Specifically, the candidate intersection point position of the target trimming profile is different from the intersection point position of the initial standard profile, and / or the candidate angle bisector direction of the target trimming profile is different from the angle bisector direction of the initial standard profile. Therefore, the target trimming profile can undergo overall translation, overall rotation, or simultaneous overall translation and overall rotation relative to the initial standard profile within the axial cross-section, without requiring the trimmed first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 to return to the original absolute position and original absolute direction of the initial standard profile.

[0055] When determining the amount of material removal from the grinding wheel 11 required to trim the wear profile to each candidate trim profile, the cross-sectional area to be removed between each candidate trim profile and the wear profile in the axial section is determined.

[0056] Specifically, the wear profile and a candidate trimming profile are superimposed and compared within the same axial section and coordinate system to determine the area of ​​grinding wheel 11 material that needs to be removed by the trimming mechanism 2 between the wear profile and the candidate trimming profile. The area of ​​this material area to be removed within the axial section is then determined as the cross-sectional removal area corresponding to the candidate trimming profile. The cross-sectional removal area includes the first cross-sectional area to be removed when trimming the actual cross-sectional profile of the first grinding surface 111 to the first candidate profile line, and the second cross-sectional area to be removed when trimming the actual cross-sectional profile of the second grinding surface 112 to the second candidate profile line. The sum of the first and second cross-sectional areas can be used as the cross-sectional removal area of ​​the corresponding candidate trimming profile.

[0057] When determining the area to be removed, the candidate trimming profile is used as the target boundary after trimming. All grinding wheel 11 material located between the wear profile and this target boundary and requiring removal by the trimming mechanism 2 is included in the cross-sectional removal area. If a local portion of the candidate trimming profile exceeds the profile range that the current grinding wheel 11 material can form, and requires additional grinding wheel 11 material to form, then this candidate trimming profile is not included in the comparison of the cross-sectional removal area. The cross-sectional removal area can be determined through geometric calculations. For example, the area to be removed can be divided into multiple area units based on the coordinates of the measurement points of the wear profile and the candidate trimming profile, and then the summation of each area unit can be performed. Alternatively, the distance between the wear profile and the candidate trimming profile can be integrated based on their corresponding profile functions to obtain the cross-sectional area of ​​the area to be removed. Alternatively, a drawing tool or calculation tool with profile area calculation capabilities can be used to determine the cross-sectional removal area. The above calculations are performed on multiple candidate trimming profiles to obtain the cross-sectional removal area corresponding to each candidate trimming profile. During the calculation process, each candidate trimming profile uses the same axial section, the same coordinate reference, and the same area calculation method to ensure that the cross-sectional removal areas can be compared. In one embodiment, the preset low-loss condition is that the cross-sectional removal area corresponding to the target trimming profile is the smallest among the cross-sectional removal areas corresponding to multiple candidate trimming profiles. Specifically, the cross-sectional removal areas corresponding to multiple candidate trimming profiles are compared, and the candidate trimming profile with the smallest cross-sectional removal area is determined as the target trimming profile. When this low-loss condition is adopted, the target trimming profile is the profile that requires less material removal from the grinding wheel 11 among the current multiple feasible candidate trimming profiles. Since each candidate trimming profile maintains a predetermined angle of 90 degrees, the comparison of the cross-sectional removal area does not change the angle requirement between the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112, but is used to compare the amount of material removed corresponding to candidate trimming profiles with different overall positions and different overall directions. In another embodiment, the preset low-loss condition is that the cross-sectional removal area corresponding to the target trimming profile is less than the cross-sectional removal area required to trim the worn profile to the initial standard profile. Specifically, the initial standard profile and the wear profile are first placed in the same axial section and the same coordinate system. The area of ​​material to be removed required to restore the current wear profile to the initial standard profile is determined, and the cross-sectional area of ​​this area is calculated and used as the reference cross-sectional removal area corresponding to the initial standard profile. Subsequently, the cross-sectional removal area corresponding to each candidate trimming profile is compared with the reference cross-sectional removal area. When the cross-sectional removal area corresponding to a candidate trimming profile is less than the reference cross-sectional removal area, it indicates that the amount of grinding wheel 11 material to be removed to trim the wear profile to the candidate trimming profile is less than the amount of grinding wheel 11 material to be removed to restore the wear profile to the initial standard profile. The target trimming profile can be determined from the candidate trimming profiles that meet this condition.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the preset low-loss condition includes the fact that the cross-sectional removal area corresponding to the target trimming profile is the smallest among the cross-sectional removal areas corresponding to multiple candidate trimming profiles, and is less than the cross-sectional removal area required to trim the worn profile to the initial standard profile. Thus, the determined target trimming profile is both the profile with the smallest material removal among multiple candidate trimming profiles and reduces the cross-sectional material removal compared to the traditional trimming method of restoring to the initial standard profile. After determining the target trimming profile, the candidate intersection point position, candidate angle bisector direction, first candidate profile line, and second candidate profile line are recorded, and these are used as the basis for subsequently adjusting the trimming position and direction of the trimming mechanism 2. After trimming according to the target trimming profile, the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 still maintain a 90-degree angle, but the position and / or direction of the trimmed profile formed by the two in the axial section differs from the initial standard profile. By means of the above method, restoring the initial standard profile is no longer the only trimming target. Instead, while maintaining the 90-degree angle between the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112, the cross-sectional removal area of ​​candidate trimming profiles with different candidate intersection positions and / or different candidate angle bisector directions is compared. The target trimming profile that meets the preset low loss condition is selected from these profiles, thereby reducing unnecessary removal of the grinding wheel 11 material in order to restore the original position and direction of the initial standard profile.

[0059] Further, obtaining the position of the target intersection point relative to the preset reference and the direction of the target angle bisector relative to the preset reference after adjustment includes: measuring with an external measuring tool, the external measuring tool including a measuring frame and a contact probe disposed on the measuring frame; detachably connecting the measuring frame to the mounting and positioning part, and positioning the measuring frame with the first reference surface and the second reference surface respectively to define the mounting position and mounting direction of the contact probe relative to the spindle seat 13; within the same axial section passing through the axis of rotation, using the contact probe to obtain multiple first measuring points on the adjusted first polished surface 111 and multiple second measuring points on the adjusted second polished surface 112; determining the first cross-sectional contour line of the adjusted first polished surface 111 based on the multiple first measuring points. The second cross-sectional contour line of the second polished surface 112 after trimming is determined based on multiple second measurement points; the position of the target intersection point relative to the preset reference is determined based on the intersection point of the first cross-sectional contour line and the second cross-sectional contour line; and the direction of the target angle bisector relative to the preset reference is determined based on the angle bisector of the angle formed by the first cross-sectional contour line and the second cross-sectional contour line; the first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount, and the rotation angle adjustment amount are determined by the operator based on the position of the target intersection point relative to the preset reference, the direction of the target angle bisector relative to the preset reference, and the initial position and initial posture of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, and the operator manually adjusts the position of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first direction, the position along the second direction, and the rotation angle around the rotation axis.

[0060] Specifically, before measuring the first polished surface 111 and the second polished surface 112 after dressing, the grinding wheel 11 is stopped from rotating, and the dressing mechanism 2 is removed from the measurement area of ​​the grinding wheel 11. Grinding debris, grinding fluid, or other contaminants are removed from the first polished surface 111, the second polished surface 112, the first reference surface, the second reference surface, and the surface of the mounting and positioning part to prevent these contaminants from affecting the positioning accuracy of the measuring frame and the measurement results of the contact probe.

[0061] Subsequently, external measuring tools are used to measure the first polished surface 111 and the second polished surface 112 after finishing. The external measuring tools include a measuring frame and a contact probe mounted on the measuring frame. The measuring frame is used to support the contact probe and hold it within the measuring area corresponding to the grinding wheel 11. The contact probe can acquire position information of the corresponding contact position relative to the measuring frame when it contacts the first polished surface 111 or the second polished surface 112.

[0062] The measuring frame is installed on the reference assembly. During installation, first align the measuring frame with the mounting and positioning part, then align or position the measuring frame with the first and second reference surfaces, and finally fix the measuring frame to the mounting and positioning part with fasteners. The first and second reference surfaces together define the installation position and direction of the measuring frame relative to the spindle seat 13, so that the contact probe has a defined initial measurement position and initial measurement direction relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11. After the measuring frame is positioned and engaged with the first and second reference surfaces, the installation status of the measuring frame can be checked. The check may include whether the measuring frame is in reliable contact with the two reference surfaces, whether the mounting and positioning part is locked, and whether the measuring end of the contact probe can enter the measurement area of ​​the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112. If the measuring frame is not reliably positioned with the reference assembly, the measuring frame is reinstalled to reduce the measurement error caused by the change in the installation position of the measuring tool. The contact probe can be moved relative to the measuring frame, or the operator can move the measuring slide on the measuring frame to make the contact probe contact the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 in sequence. Contact probes can be mechanical probes, electronic displacement probes, lever probes, or other measuring elements capable of obtaining contact positions.

[0063] Within the same axial section passing through the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11, multiple first measurement points are acquired on the first polished surface 111 after dressing using a contact probe, and multiple second measurement points are acquired on the second polished surface 112 after dressing. Here, the same axial section means that both the first and second measurement points are located within the same measurement section passing through the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11, so that the cross-sectional profiles determined by the first and second measurement points can be compared in the same plane. When acquiring the first measurement points, the measuring end of the contact probe sequentially contacts multiple different positions on the first polished surface 111, and the coordinates or displacement values ​​of each contact position relative to a preset reference are recorded. Multiple first measurement points are distributed at intervals along the cross-sectional profile of the first polished surface 111 to reflect the actual extension direction of the dressed first polished surface 111 within the axial section. When acquiring the second measurement points, the measuring end of the contact probe sequentially contacts multiple different positions on the second polished surface 112, and the coordinates or displacement values ​​of each contact position relative to a preset reference are recorded. Multiple second measurement points are spaced apart along the cross-sectional profile of the second polished surface 112 to reflect the actual extension direction of the finished second polished surface 112 within the axial section. The number of first and second measurement points should be sufficient to determine the corresponding cross-sectional profile. In one embodiment, at least two mutually spaced measurement points can be selected on each polished surface, and the corresponding straight profile can be determined using the measurement points; to reduce the influence of local surface errors or measurement errors, three or more measurement points can also be obtained, and the corresponding cross-sectional profile can be determined using a fitting method.

[0064] The first cross-sectional profile of the trimmed first polished surface 111 is determined based on multiple first measurement points. The first cross-sectional profile can be determined by connecting selected first measurement points or by linear fitting of multiple first measurement points. Using multiple measurement points for fitting can reduce the influence of local unevenness, probe contact error, or single-point measurement deviation on the direction of the first cross-sectional profile. The second cross-sectional profile of the trimmed second polished surface 112 is determined based on multiple second measurement points. The second cross-sectional profile can be determined using the same method as the first cross-sectional profile to ensure consistency in the measurement and calculation standards of the two cross-sectional profiles.

[0065] After determining the first and second cross-sectional contour lines, the intersection point of the two cross-sectional contour lines is calculated or drawn, and this intersection point is designated as the post-repair intersection point. The post-repair intersection point is used to characterize the actual connection position of the first polished surface 111 and the second polished surface 112 within the axial cross-section after repair. Based on the coordinate relationship between the first measurement point, the second measurement point, and the preset reference, the position of the post-repair intersection point relative to the preset reference can be determined. The position of the post-repair intersection point relative to the preset reference can be represented by a coordinate system established on the first reference plane, the second reference plane, or the mounting positioning part. For example, a direction parallel to the first reference plane can be used as one coordinate direction, and another direction at an angle to it can be used as another coordinate direction, and the position parameters of the post-repair intersection point in both coordinate directions can be determined respectively. Based on the angle formed by the first and second cross-sectional contour lines, the angle bisector of this angle is determined and designated as the post-repair angle bisector. The post-repair angle bisector is used to characterize the overall direction of the cross-sectional contour formed by the first polished surface 111 and the second polished surface 112 after repair. The direction of the angle bisector after correction relative to the preset reference is determined based on the angle relationship between the angle bisector after correction and the first reference plane, the second reference plane, or the pre-established reference direction.

[0066] When determining the angle bisector, it can be calculated based on the directions of the first and second cross-sectional profiles relative to a preset reference. If two complementary angles are formed between the first and second cross-sectional profiles, the angle bisector corresponding to their working profiles can be determined based on the actual grinding sides of the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112, avoiding the selection of another angle bisector located on the non-working side. The position of the intersection point after dressing and the direction of the angle bisector after dressing should be represented by the same preset reference. Thus, even if the external measuring tool is disassembled and reinstalled at different dressing stages of the grinding wheel 11, the same or substantially the same measurement coordinate relationship can be re-established through the first reference surface, the second reference surface, and the mounting and positioning part, improving the comparability of measurement results between different dressing stages.

[0067] Next, the operator determines the first translation adjustment, second translation adjustment, and rotation adjustment of the clamping mechanism 3 based on the position of the repaired intersection point relative to the preset reference, the direction of the repaired angle bisector relative to the preset reference, and the initial position and initial orientation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. The initial position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 refers to the position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 relative to the preset reference when the clamping mechanism 3 is in the preset initial position; the initial orientation of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 refers to the direction of the profile of the grinding wheel 11 formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 relative to the preset reference when the clamping mechanism 3 is in the preset initial orientation. The initial position and initial orientation can be measured and recorded when the grinding wheel 11 is first put into use, or they can be determined based on the structural dimensions and installation position of the clamping mechanism 3, and the positioning relationship of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 on the clamping mechanism 3.

[0068] In one implementation, the operator first compares the direction of the angle bisector after repair with the direction of the corresponding angle bisector of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 in its initial posture, and determines the rotation angle adjustment amount based on the direction difference between the two. The rotation angle adjustment amount is used to make the overall direction of the profile of the wheel to be ground 11 formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 match the overall direction after the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 are repaired. After determining the rotation angle adjustment amount, the operator compares the position difference between the corresponding connection position of the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 and the repaired intersection point according to the target position after the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 rotates around the rotation axis by a corresponding angle. The position difference is decomposed along the first direction and the second direction to obtain the first translation adjustment amount and the second translation adjustment amount. When the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, the orthogonal components of the position difference in the first direction and the second direction can be directly used as the first translation adjustment amount and the second translation adjustment amount, respectively. When the first direction and the second direction are not set at right angles, the corresponding first translation adjustment amount and second translation adjustment amount can be determined by geometric decomposition based on the included angle between the two directions. The operator can determine the three adjustment values ​​using calculation tools or pre-established conversion relationships. In one embodiment, the scale values ​​of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first and second directions, as well as the angle scale around the rotation axis, can be pre-recorded. The operator substitutes the measured modified intersection position and the modified angle bisector direction into the corresponding conversion relationship to obtain the three adjustment values.

[0069] After determining the first translation adjustment, the second translation adjustment, and the rotation adjustment, remove the external measuring tools. During disassembly, first disconnect the connection between the measuring frame and the mounting positioning part, and then separate the measuring frame from the first and second reference surfaces. Subsequently, the operator manually adjusts the clamping mechanism 3. The operator adjusts the rotation angle of the clamping mechanism 3 around the rotation axis according to the rotation adjustment, adjusts the position of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first direction according to the first translation adjustment, and adjusts the position of the clamping mechanism 3 along the second direction according to the second translation adjustment. The three adjustment actions can be performed sequentially. In one embodiment, first adjust the rotation angle of the clamping mechanism 3 around the rotation axis so that the posture of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 matches the direction of the angle bisector after repair; then adjust the position of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first and second directions respectively so that the corresponding grinding position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 matches the position of the intersection point after repair. Manual adjustment can be completed through a handwheel, a differential adjustment component, a lead screw adjustment component, a positioning scale, or other manual adjustment structures. After adjustment, the position and orientation of the clamping mechanism 3 are locked to prevent unexpected movement or rotation during subsequent processing. After adjustment, a trial contact verification can be performed. The outer ring of the flange bearing 5 is slowly brought closer to the grinding wheel 11 to check whether the first grinding surface 111 and the flange end face 51, and the second grinding surface 112 and the outer peripheral surface 52, can simultaneously form the required contact. If the two contact relationships are not established simultaneously, the first translation adjustment, the second translation adjustment, or the rotation adjustment is fine-tuned according to the actual contact state. For example, when the first grinding surface 111 has already contacted the flange end face 51, but the second grinding surface 112 has not yet contacted the outer peripheral surface 52, the position or rotation angle of the clamping mechanism 3 can be adjusted appropriately to bring the outer peripheral surface 52 closer to the second grinding surface 112; when the second grinding surface 112 has already contacted the outer peripheral surface 52, but the first grinding surface 111 has not yet contacted the flange end face 51, the opposite adjustment can be performed. After fine-tuning, trial contact is performed again until both grinding surfaces can simultaneously form grinding contact with their corresponding surfaces to be ground. Using the above method, the first reference surface, the second reference surface, and the mounting and positioning part fixed to the spindle seat 13 provide a repeatable mounting reference for the external measuring tool. Under a unified measurement coordinate relationship, the trimmed first and second cross-sectional contour lines can be obtained, and the position of the trimmed intersection point and the direction of the trimmed angle bisector can be determined accordingly. The operator then determines two translation adjustment amounts and one rotation adjustment amount based on the initial position and initial posture of the product, and manually adjusts the clamping mechanism 3 so that the clamping mechanism 3 can complete position and posture compensation according to the trimmed actual contour.

[0070] Further, determining multiple candidate trimming profiles includes: determining multiple candidate intersection points and / or multiple candidate angle bisector directions within the axial section, and determining the first candidate profile line and the second candidate profile line forming the predetermined included angle based on each candidate intersection point position and the corresponding candidate angle bisector direction; selecting candidate trimming profiles from the determined candidate trimming profiles that simultaneously meet the following conditions: the candidate trimming profile can be formed from the wear profile by removing the material of the grinding wheel 11; the profile formed after trimming according to the candidate trimming profile is within the preset usable profile range of the grinding wheel 11; the candidate first translation adjustment amount, the candidate second translation adjustment amount, and the candidate rotation angle adjustment amount determined based on the position of the candidate intersection point and the direction of the candidate angle bisector are respectively within the adjustable range of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first direction, the adjustable range along the second direction, and the adjustable range around the rotation axis.

[0071] Specifically, a profile analysis region is first established within the axial section used to characterize the wear profile. This profile analysis region covers at least the actual cross-sectional profile of the first grinding surface 111 after wear, the actual cross-sectional profile of the second grinding surface 112 after wear, and the profile region that can be formed after further material removal from the grinding wheel 11. The wear profile, candidate intersection point positions, candidate angle bisector directions, and the resulting first and second candidate profile lines are all represented under the same axial section and the same positional reference for profile comparison and geometric calculation. The candidate intersection point is used to characterize the position where the first candidate profile line intersects with the second candidate profile line. In the three-dimensional grinding wheel 11 structure, the candidate intersection point corresponds to the position within the axial section of the annular intersection line formed at the connection between the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 after dressing according to the corresponding candidate dressing profile. When determining multiple candidate intersection point positions, multiple candidate points can be set within the area where the wear profile allows for further material removal from the grinding wheel 11. Multiple candidate intersection points can be distributed radially, axially, or both along the grinding wheel 11. Candidate intersection points whose positions change relative to another candidate intersection point are used to form candidate trimming profiles with different overall positions. The candidate angle bisector is used to characterize the overall orientation of the angle formed by the first and second candidate profile lines. When determining the directions of multiple candidate angle bisectors, multiple different candidate directions can be set within the allowed direction range. Candidate angle bisectors whose directions change relative to another candidate angle bisector are used to form candidate trimming profiles with different overall directions. In one embodiment, the direction of the candidate angle bisector is kept constant, and the position of the candidate intersection point is changed, thereby obtaining multiple candidate trimming profiles with the same overall direction but different overall positions. In another embodiment, the position of the candidate intersection point is kept constant, and the direction of the candidate angle bisector is changed, thereby obtaining multiple candidate trimming profiles with the same overall position but different overall directions. In another implementation, the positions of the candidate intersection points and the directions of the candidate angle bisectors are changed simultaneously to obtain multiple candidate trimming profiles with different overall positions and overall directions.

[0072] For any set of corresponding candidate intersection points and candidate angle bisector directions, the candidate intersection point is taken as the common intersection point of the first candidate contour line and the second candidate contour line, and the candidate angle bisector is taken as the angle bisector of the angle formed by the two candidate contour lines, thus determining the first candidate contour line and the second candidate contour line respectively.

[0073] Specifically, the angle bisectors can be deflected by half a predetermined angle to both sides of the included angle to obtain the extension directions of the first and second candidate contour lines. Then, both the first and second candidate contour lines are made to pass through the candidate intersection point, thus forming a candidate trimming contour. The first candidate contour line corresponds to the cross-sectional contour to be formed after trimming the first grinding surface 111, and the second candidate contour line corresponds to the cross-sectional contour to be formed after trimming the second grinding surface 112. When there are two angle bisectors in the included angle formed by the first and second candidate contour lines, the angle bisector that correctly represents the overall direction of the working contours of the two candidate grinding surfaces is selected as the candidate angle bisector, based on the actual working side of the first and second grinding surfaces 111 and the side where the grinding wheel 11 material is located, to exclude the other angle bisector located on the non-working side. By combining different candidate intersection point positions and candidate angle bisector directions in the above manner, multiple candidate trimming contours can be obtained. The combination of candidate intersection points and candidate angle bisector directions can be determined one by one, or multiple candidate intersection points can be set first, and then one or more candidate angle bisector directions can be configured for each candidate intersection point. After multiple candidate trimming profiles are determined, candidate trimming profiles that simultaneously satisfy the conditions for material removal feasibility, the usable profile conditions for grinding wheel 11, and the compensable conditions for clamping mechanism 3 are selected. Only candidate trimming profiles that simultaneously satisfy the above conditions are retained for subsequent calculation of the material removal amount of grinding wheel 11 and selection of the target trimming profile.

[0074] First, it is determined whether the candidate trimming profile can be formed from the wear profile by removing the material of the grinding wheel 11. Specifically, the candidate trimming profile and the wear profile are superimposed and compared under the same axial section and the same position reference to determine whether it is only necessary to remove the grinding wheel 11 material located outside the first and second candidate profile lines when forming the candidate trimming profile from the current wear profile. When the actual cross-sectional profile of the first grinding surface 111 after wear can be formed into the first candidate profile line by removing material, and the actual cross-sectional profile of the second grinding surface 112 after wear can be formed into the second candidate profile line by removing material, the candidate trimming profile is determined to meet the material removal feasibility condition. When a part of the candidate trimming profile is located on the side where the current grinding wheel 11 material is missing, and the corresponding part needs to be formed by adding or supplementing the grinding wheel 11 material, the candidate trimming profile is determined to be unable to be formed from the wear profile by removing the grinding wheel 11 material, and the candidate trimming profile is excluded. In cases where the candidate trimming profile is partially tangent to or partially overlaps with the wear profile, the corresponding part does not need to have the grinding wheel 11 material removed. For the remaining parts, as long as the candidate trimming profile can be formed by removing the grinding wheel 11 material, it can be determined that the candidate trimming profile meets the material removal achievable condition.

[0075] Subsequently, it is determined whether the contour formed after dressing according to the candidate dressing contour is within the preset usable contour range of the grinding wheel 11. The preset usable contour range refers to the contour area that the grinding wheel 11 can still be used to form the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 after dressing. The preset usable contour range can be predetermined based on the original size of the grinding wheel 11, the current remaining size, the allowable dressing allowance, the effective working width required for the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112, and the usage requirements of the grinding wheel 11. In the axial section, the preset usable contour range can be represented as the area where candidate intersections are allowed to exist, the area where the first candidate contour line is allowed to extend, and the area where the second candidate contour line is allowed to extend. For each candidate dressing contour that meets the material removal achievable condition, it is determined whether its candidate intersections, the first candidate contour line, and the second candidate contour line are all within the corresponding preset usable contour range. When the candidate intersection and the two candidate contour lines are both within the preset usable contour range, and after the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 can still form an effective grinding area that meets the usage requirements after the trimming is completed according to the candidate trimming contour, the candidate trimming contour is determined to meet the usable contour conditions of the grinding wheel 11. When the candidate intersection exceeds the allowable area, or at least one of the first candidate contour line and the second candidate contour line makes the effective working area of ​​the corresponding grinding surface insufficient, or the contour formed after trimming according to the candidate trimming contour exceeds the preset usable contour range of the grinding wheel 11, the candidate trimming contour is excluded.

[0076] Then, it is determined whether the adjustment amount of the clamping mechanism 3 corresponding to the candidate trimming profile is within the adjustable range of the clamping mechanism 3. For each candidate trimming profile that satisfies the material removal feasibility condition and the usable profile condition of the grinding wheel 11, the position compensation amount and attitude compensation amount required for rematching the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 with the grinding wheel 11 after trimming according to the candidate trimming profile are predetermined based on the candidate intersection point position and the candidate angle bisector direction of the candidate trimming profile. Specifically, the candidate rotation angle adjustment amount is determined based on the direction difference between the direction of the candidate angle bisector and the direction of the profile of the grinding wheel 11 formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5. The candidate rotation angle adjustment amount is used to make the overall direction of the profile of the grinding wheel 11 formed by the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 match the overall direction of the candidate trimming profile. After the clamping mechanism 3 is assumed to rotate according to the candidate rotation angle adjustment amount, the candidate first translation adjustment amount and the candidate second translation adjustment amount are determined based on the position difference between the corresponding intersection point of the profile of the grinding wheel 11 formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52 and the candidate intersection point. The component of the position difference in the first direction is used as the candidate first translation adjustment amount, and the component of the position difference in the second direction is used as the candidate second translation adjustment amount. When the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other, the position difference can be directly decomposed into two orthogonal components along the first and second directions. When the first and second directions are not set at right angles, the position difference can be decomposed into oblique coordinates based on the angle between the first and second directions to determine the candidate first and candidate second translation adjustment amounts. The candidate first translation adjustment amount is compared with the adjustable range of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first direction, the candidate second translation adjustment amount is compared with the adjustable range of the clamping mechanism 3 along the second direction, and the candidate rotation adjustment amount is compared with the adjustable range of the clamping mechanism 3 around the rotation axis. When the candidate first translation adjustment amount is within the adjustable range of the clamping mechanism 3 along the first direction, the candidate second translation adjustment amount is within the adjustable range of the clamping mechanism 3 along the second direction, and the candidate rotation adjustment amount is within the adjustable range of the clamping mechanism 3 around the rotation axis, the candidate trimming profile is determined to meet the compensation condition of the clamping mechanism 3. When any of the three candidate adjustment values ​​exceeds the corresponding adjustable range, it indicates that even if the grinding wheel 11 is dressed according to the candidate dressing profile, the required grinding matching relationship cannot be established between the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 and the dressed first grinding surface 111 and second grinding surface 112 through the position and attitude adjustment of the clamping mechanism 3. Therefore, the candidate dressing profile is excluded. During the screening process, the order of judgment for the material removal feasibility condition, the usable profile condition of the grinding wheel 11, and the compensability condition of the clamping mechanism 3 can be adjusted according to implementation needs. For example, candidate dressing profiles that cannot be formed by removing material from the wear profile can be excluded first, then it can be determined whether the remaining candidate dressing profiles are within the preset usable profile range of the grinding wheel 11, and finally the adjustment range of the clamping mechanism 3 can be judged.After screening, candidate trimming profiles that simultaneously meet the following conditions are retained: they can be formed from the current wear profile by removing material from the grinding wheel 11; the trimmed profile is within the preset usable profile range of the grinding wheel 11; and the candidate first translation adjustment, candidate second translation adjustment, and candidate rotation adjustment determined based on the candidate trimming profile are all within the corresponding adjustable range of the clamping mechanism 3. For the retained candidate trimming profiles, the amount of grinding wheel 11 material removed from each candidate trimming profile to form the wear profile can be further calculated, and the target trimming profile can be selected from them according to the preset low-loss condition. Thus, the candidate trimming profiles participating in the material removal comparison can not only be formed by actually removing material from the grinding wheel 11, but also will not exceed the usable profile range of the grinding wheel 11, and can complete subsequent position and attitude compensation through the adjustment capability of the clamping mechanism 3. By using the above-mentioned candidate trimming profile determination and screening method, multiple candidate trimming profiles with different overall positions and / or overall directions can be formed while keeping the predetermined included angle unchanged. Candidate trimming profiles that cannot be formed by material removal, exceed the usable range of the grinding wheel 11, or exceed the compensation capability of the clamping mechanism 3 can be eliminated before low-loss comparison, thereby ensuring that the target trimming profile selected subsequently has actual trimmability and actual compensability.

[0077] Further, within the axial section passing through the central axis of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, the cross-sectional profile of the flange end face 51 intersects the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface 52 to form a grinding point, and the angle bisector of the angle formed by the cross-sectional profile of the flange end face 51 and the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface 52 is the angle bisector to be ground; determining the first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount, and the rotation angle adjustment amount includes: When the clamping mechanism 3 is in a preset initial position and a preset initial posture, the initial position of the intersection point to be ground relative to the preset reference and the initial direction of the angle bisector to be ground relative to the preset reference are obtained. The angle adjustment amount is determined based on the direction difference between the direction of the bisector of the angle after repair and the initial direction of the bisector of the angle to be ground; Based on the components of the position difference between the point to be ground and the point after repair in the first direction and the second direction after the clamping mechanism 3 rotates according to the angle adjustment amount, the first translation adjustment amount and the second translation adjustment amount are determined respectively.

[0078] The profile of the flange end face 51 and the generatrix of the outer peripheral face 52 form an angle corresponding to the product design structure. The bisector of this angle is defined as the bisector of the angle to be ground. The bisector of the angle to be ground is used to characterize the overall direction of the profile of the wheel 11 to be ground, formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral face 52. Since two intersecting straight lines can usually form two mutually perpendicular angle bisectors, when determining the bisector of the angle to be ground, based on the actual area to be ground defined by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral face 52, the angle bisector passing through the intersection of the grinding points and located within the corresponding grinding angle is selected as the angle bisector to be ground for comparison with the angle bisector after repair. This avoids mistakenly taking the other angle bisector located on the non-grinding side as the angle bisector to be ground.

[0079] When determining the first translation adjustment, the second translation adjustment, and the rotation adjustment, the clamping mechanism 3 is first positioned in a preset initial position and a preset initial posture. The preset initial position refers to the reference position of the clamping mechanism 3 relative to the grinding device before this position and posture compensation. The preset initial posture refers to the directional state of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 relative to a preset reference when the clamping mechanism 3 is in this reference position. The preset initial position and preset initial posture can be the position and posture adopted by the clamping mechanism 3 in the previous grinding operation, or they can be a zero-position state preset by the clamping mechanism 3. When the clamping mechanism 3 is in the preset initial position and preset initial posture, the initial position of the intersection point to be ground relative to the preset reference is obtained, as well as the initial direction of the angle bisector to be ground relative to the preset reference is obtained. The initial position of the intersection point to be ground relative to the preset reference can be determined based on the positioning position of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 on the clamping mechanism 3, the structural dimensions of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5, the position of the clamping mechanism 3 relative to the preset reference, and the initial posture of the clamping mechanism 3. This initial position can also be obtained by actual measurement of the outer ring of the flange bearing 5 mounted on the clamping mechanism 3. To facilitate the determination of adjustment amounts, a positional coordinate relationship can be established within the plane containing the first and second directions, using a preset reference. In this coordinate relationship, the initial position of the intersection point to be ground, the position of the rotation axis of the clamping mechanism 3 within the plane, and the initial direction of the angle bisector to be ground are recorded. The initial direction of the angle bisector relative to the preset reference can be represented by the angle between the angle bisector and the preset reference direction. The preset reference direction can be selected from the first direction, the second direction, the first reference plane, or other directions fixed relative to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 11. After dressing, the position of the dressed intersection point relative to the preset reference and the direction of the dressed angle bisector relative to the preset reference are obtained. The initial position of the intersection point to be ground, the initial direction of the angle bisector, the position of the dressed intersection point, and the direction of the dressed angle bisector are all represented by the same preset reference, allowing for direct comparison of direction and position differences.

[0080] First, the angle adjustment amount is determined based on the directional difference between the direction of the bisector of the angle after repair and the initial direction of the bisector of the angle to be ground. Specifically, using a preset positive rotation direction as the positive angle direction, the direction angles of the bisector of the angle after repair relative to a preset reference and the initial direction angles of the bisector of the angle to be ground relative to the preset reference are determined, and the directional angle difference between the two is determined as the angle adjustment amount. When the bisector of the angle after repair needs to rotate relative to the bisector of the angle to be ground along the preset positive rotation direction, the angle adjustment amount is positive; when it needs to rotate in the opposite direction to the preset positive rotation direction, the angle adjustment amount is negative. Thus, the angle adjustment amount reflects not only the size of the angle to be adjusted but also the rotation direction required by the clamping mechanism 3. The goal in determining the angle adjustment amount is to make the bisector of the angle to be ground after rotation consistent with or parallel to the direction of the bisector of the angle after repair. For the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 with defined working sides, it should be ensured that after rotation, the flange end face 51 corresponds to the first grinding surface 111, and the outer peripheral surface 52 corresponds to the second grinding surface 112. This avoids simply making the two angle bisectors parallel, which would lead to an interchange of the correspondence between the two surfaces to be ground and the two grinding surfaces. After determining the rotation angle adjustment amount, the change in the position of the grinding point when the clamping mechanism 3 rotates according to the rotation angle adjustment amount is calculated. Since the clamping mechanism 3 rotates around the rotation axis, and the grinding point usually does not coincide with the rotation axis, when the clamping mechanism 3 rotates, the grinding point will move around the rotation axis in the plane containing the first and second directions. The position of the grinding point after rotation cannot be directly taken from the initial position before rotation; instead, it should be calculated based on the initial position of the grinding point, the position of the rotation axis, and the rotation angle adjustment amount. Specifically, first, determine the position vector pointing from the rotation axis to the initial position of the intersection point to be ground. Then, rotate this position vector around the rotation axis according to the angle adjustment amount. Superimpose the rotated position vector with the position of the rotation axis to obtain the position of the intersection point to be ground after the clamping mechanism 3 completes the angle adjustment. In one embodiment, the position of the intersection point to be ground after rotation can be determined geometrically. That is, with the projection position of the rotation axis in the plane as the center and the distance from the rotation axis to the initial position of the intersection point to be ground as the radius, rotate the intersection point to be ground along this circle by an angle corresponding to the angle adjustment amount to obtain the position of the intersection point to be ground after rotation. In another embodiment, the position of the intersection point to be ground after rotation can be determined by coordinate transformation. Let the position of the rotation axis in the plane be the rotation center. First, convert the initial position of the intersection point to be ground into relative coordinates relative to the rotation center. Then, use the planar rotation relationship corresponding to the angle adjustment amount to transform these relative coordinates. Finally, superimpose the transformed relative coordinates with the position of the rotation center. Through the above calculations, the position of the intersection point to be ground relative to a preset reference can be obtained when the clamping mechanism 3 only performs angle adjustment and has not yet performed translation in the first and second directions.

[0081] Subsequently, the positional difference between the intersection point to be ground after rotation and the intersection point after repair is determined. This positional difference represents the distance and direction that the clamping mechanism 3 needs to move in the plane containing the first and second directions to further match the position of the intersection point to be ground with the intersection point after repair, after the bisector of the angle to be ground has been directionally matched with the bisector of the angle after repair. The positional difference to be compensated is obtained by subtracting the position of the intersection point to be ground after rotation from the position of the intersection point after repair. The direction of the positional difference to be compensated represents the resultant direction of the translation required by the clamping mechanism 3, and the magnitude of the positional difference to be compensated represents the resultant distance of the translation required by the clamping mechanism 3. The positional difference to be compensated is decomposed along the first and second directions to determine the first translation adjustment amount and the second translation adjustment amount. When the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other, the orthogonal projection of the positional difference to be compensated in the first direction can be determined as the first translation adjustment amount, and the orthogonal projection of the positional difference to be compensated in the second direction can be determined as the second translation adjustment amount. Both the first and second translation adjustment amounts can be represented by numerical values ​​with positive and negative directions. When the component of the position difference to be compensated in the corresponding direction is consistent with the preset positive direction of that direction, the corresponding translation adjustment amount is positive; when the component of the position difference to be compensated in the corresponding direction is opposite to the preset positive direction of that direction, the corresponding translation adjustment amount is negative. When the first direction and the second direction are not set at right angles, the two translation adjustment amounts cannot be simply determined by orthogonal projection. In this case, the first direction and the second direction are taken as two non-parallel displacement base directions, respectively. The position difference to be compensated is expressed as the sum of the displacement along the first direction and the displacement along the second direction. The first translation adjustment amount and the second translation adjustment amount are determined by geometric decomposition or by combining the positional relationships in the two directions. After determining the first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount, and the rotation adjustment amount, the clamping mechanism 3 can be adjusted in the order of rotation first and then translation. First, the clamping mechanism 3 is rotated around its rotation axis by the angle adjustment amount, so that the direction of the bisector of the angle to be ground matches the direction of the bisector of the angle after repair. Then, the clamping mechanism 3 is moved by a first translation adjustment amount along a first direction and a second translation adjustment amount along a second direction, so that the intersection point to be ground after rotation moves to a position corresponding to the intersection point after repair. Using a rotation-then-translation adjustment sequence helps avoid changing the position of the intersection point to be ground, which has already undergone translation adjustment, when the clamping mechanism 3 rotates. If the actual mechanism requires adjustment in a different sequence, the impact of rotation on the position of the intersection point to be ground should be recalculated according to the actual adjustment sequence, and the first and second translation adjustment amounts should be corrected accordingly. In one embodiment, the three adjustment amounts can be manually calculated by the operator based on measurement results, the structural dimensions of the clamping mechanism 3, and pre-established coordinate conversion relationships. The operator can determine the angle adjustment amount and the two translation adjustment amounts using geometric drawing, coordinate calculation tables, or calculation tools. The clamping mechanism 3 can be set with a first position scale corresponding to the first direction movement amount, a second position scale corresponding to the second direction movement amount, and an angle scale corresponding to the rotation angle.The operator adjusts the clamping mechanism 3 to the corresponding scale position according to the three determined adjustment amounts. In another embodiment, a correspondence between the post-repair intersection position, the post-repair angle bisector direction, and the three adjustment amounts can be established in advance. The operator substitutes the actual post-repair intersection position and the post-repair angle bisector direction into the correspondence to obtain the first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount, and the rotation adjustment amount. After executing the three adjustment amounts, the actual correspondence between the intersection to be ground and the post-repair intersection, as well as the actual directional relationship between the angle bisector to be ground and the angle bisector after repair, can be checked. If there is a positional or directional deviation exceeding the allowable range, the three adjustment amounts can be fine-tuned according to the actual deviation. When fine-tuning, the remaining directional deviation between the angle bisector to be ground and the angle bisector after repair can be eliminated first, and then the remaining positional deviation between the intersection to be ground and the post-repair intersection can be eliminated. Thus, the profile of the wheel to be ground 11 formed by the flange end face 51 and the outer peripheral face 52 is adapted to the post-repair profile formed by the first grinding surface 111 and the second grinding surface 112 in both the overall direction and the connection position. Through the above steps, the rotation angle adjustment amount is determined by the directional difference between the bisector of the post-repair angle and the bisector of the angle to be ground, and the first translation adjustment amount and the second translation adjustment amount are determined by the components of the position difference between the intersection point to be ground and the intersection point after the clamping mechanism 3 has completed rotation in the two displacement directions. Thus, the profile change after repair is converted into one rotation adjustment amount and two translation adjustment amounts that the clamping mechanism 3 can execute.

Claims

1. A grinding apparatus for the outer ring of a flange bearing, used for grinding the flange end face and outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the flange bearing, characterized in that, include: A grinding mechanism includes a grinding wheel and a drive assembly for driving the grinding wheel to rotate about its axis of rotation. The grinding wheel has a first grinding surface and a second grinding surface. In an axial section passing through the axis of rotation, the profile of the first grinding surface and the profile of the second grinding surface form a predetermined angle. The first grinding surface is used to grind the flange end face, and the second grinding surface is used to grind the outer peripheral surface. A trimming mechanism is used to trim the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface respectively, so that the trimmed first grinding surface and the second grinding surface meet the predetermined included angle; A clamping mechanism is used to support the outer ring of the flange bearing and restrict the outer ring of the flange bearing at a target position; An attitude adjustment mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism. The attitude adjustment mechanism includes a first displacement mechanism, a second displacement mechanism, and a rotation mechanism. The first displacement mechanism is used to drive the clamping mechanism to move along a first direction. The second displacement mechanism is used to drive the clamping mechanism to move along a second direction that is at an angle to the first direction. The rotation mechanism is used to drive the clamping mechanism to rotate around a rotation axis that is perpendicular to the plane containing the first direction and the second direction. Wherein, the first displacement mechanism, the second displacement mechanism, and the rotation mechanism are used to adjust the position of the clamping mechanism along the first direction, the position along the second direction, and the rotation angle around the rotation axis after the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface have been adjusted by the dressing mechanism. In the grinding state, the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface simultaneously contact the flange end face and the outer peripheral surface, respectively.

2. The grinding device for the outer ring of a flange bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface are rotary conical surfaces formed around the axis of rotation, and the connection between the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface forms an annular intersection line extending along the circumference of the grinding wheel; Within the axial section passing through the central axis of the outer ring of the flange bearing, the angle between the profile of the flange end face and the generatrix of the outer circumferential surface is 90°, and the predetermined angle is 90°.

3. The grinding device for the outer ring of a flange bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The trimming mechanism includes: At least one trimming pen, the trimming pen having a trimming end for trimming the first polished surface and the second polished surface; A trimming displacement assembly is connected to the trimming pen; the trimming displacement assembly includes a first trimming displacement mechanism, a second trimming displacement mechanism, and a third trimming displacement mechanism; the first trimming displacement mechanism, the second trimming displacement mechanism, and the third trimming displacement mechanism are respectively used to drive the trimming pen to move along three trimming directions that are perpendicular to each other in the moving direction, so that the trimming end can be moved to a first trimming position corresponding to the first polishing surface and a second trimming position corresponding to the second polishing surface, so as to trim the first polishing surface and the second polishing surface respectively; The first, second, and third dressing displacement mechanisms work together to adjust the dressing position and direction of the dressing end relative to the grinding wheel, thereby changing the position of the annular intersection line after dressing relative to the axis of rotation, and / or changing the direction of the angle bisector of the angle formed by the first and second grinding surfaces after dressing within the axial section.

4. The grinding device for the outer ring of a flange bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism also includes a spindle support for supporting the rotation of the grinding wheel: The grinding apparatus also includes: A reference assembly is fixedly disposed on the spindle seat. The reference assembly includes a reference feature whose position and orientation are fixed relative to the axis of rotation. The reference feature includes a positioning part for limiting the mounting position of an external measuring tool relative to the spindle seat, and an orientation part for limiting the mounting direction of the external measuring tool relative to the spindle seat, so that the external measuring tool can use the reference feature as a measurement reference to measure the first and second polished surfaces after finishing.

5. The grinding device for the outer ring of a flange bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and both extend horizontally, while the axis of rotation extends vertically. The clamping mechanism includes: The material-bearing component is connected to the attitude adjustment mechanism; A magnetic component is disposed within the material receiving component. The magnetic component is used to form a magnetic attraction area on the material receiving component to attract the outer ring of the flange bearing to the material receiving surface. Multiple limiting members are disposed on the material receiving member and located in the magnetic attraction area; each limiting member is configured such that when the magnetic member restricts the outer ring of the flange bearing to the target position, the outer ring of the flange bearing can only rotate, and the rotation plane of the outer ring of the flange bearing is parallel to the material receiving surface.

6. A grinding method for the outer ring of a flange bearing, implemented using a grinding device, wherein the outer ring of the flange bearing includes a flange end face and an outer peripheral surface, the grinding device includes a grinding wheel having a first grinding surface and a second grinding surface, and a clamping mechanism for supporting and positioning the outer ring of the flange bearing, wherein in an axial section passing through the rotation axis of the grinding wheel, the cross-sectional profile of the first grinding surface and the cross-sectional profile of the second grinding surface form a predetermined angle, the clamping mechanism is movable along a first direction and a second direction that are angled together, and is rotatable about a rotation axis perpendicular to the plane containing the first direction and the second direction, characterized in that... include: Obtain the wear profile formed by the actual cross-sectional profiles of the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface within the axial section; Multiple candidate trimming profiles are determined based on the wear profile. Each candidate trimming profile includes an intersecting first candidate profile line and a second candidate profile line. The first candidate profile line and the second candidate profile line form the predetermined angle. The intersection point of the first candidate profile line and the second candidate profile line is defined as a candidate intersection point. The angle bisector of the angle formed by the first candidate profile line and the second candidate profile line is defined as a candidate angle bisector. The positions of the candidate intersection points and / or the directions of the candidate angle bisectors of at least two candidate trimming profiles are different, and each candidate trimming profile can be formed by removing the wear profile from the grinding wheel material. Determine the amount of grinding wheel material removed required to trim the wear profile to each of the candidate trimming profiles, and determine the candidate trimming profile from each of the candidate trimming profiles whose amount of grinding wheel material removal meets the preset low-loss condition as the target trimming profile. A dressing mechanism 2 is provided for dressing the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface. The dressing tool is adjusted relative to the grinding wheel according to the target dressing profile. The dressing tool is used to dress the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface so that the cross-sectional profile of the first grinding surface and the cross-sectional profile of the second grinding surface form the predetermined angle. Using a preset reference whose position and direction are fixed relative to the axis of rotation as a measurement reference, the position of the intersection point formed by the cross-sectional contour line of the first polished surface and the cross-sectional contour line of the second polished surface after the adjustment is obtained relative to the preset reference, and the direction of the bisector of the predetermined angle formed by the interface contour line of the first polished surface and the cross-sectional contour line of the second polished surface after the adjustment is relative to the preset reference. Based on the position of the repaired intersection point relative to the preset reference, the direction of the repaired angle bisector relative to the preset reference, and the positional relationship between the flange end face and the outer peripheral surface relative to the clamping mechanism, the first translation adjustment amount of the clamping mechanism along the first direction, the second translation adjustment amount along the second direction, and the rotation angle adjustment amount around the rotation axis are determined. The position and posture of the clamping mechanism are adjusted according to the first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount and the rotation angle adjustment amount, so that in the grinding state, the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface simultaneously contact the flange end face and the outer peripheral surface, respectively. The grinding wheel is driven to move relative to the outer ring of the flange bearing, so that the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface simultaneously grind the flange end face and the outer peripheral surface, respectively.

7. The grinding method for the outer ring of a flange bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The predetermined included angle is 90°; When the grinding wheel is in its initial usable state, the cross-sectional profile formed by the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface together in the axial section is defined as the initial standard profile. The candidate intersection point of the target modified profile is different from the intersection point of the initial standard profile, and / or the direction of the candidate angle bisector of the target modified profile is different from the direction of the angle bisector of the initial standard profile; Determining the amount of grinding wheel material removed required to trim the wear profile to each of the candidate trimming profiles includes: Determine the cross-sectional area to be removed in the axial section between each of the candidate trimming profiles and the wear profile; The preset low-loss condition includes at least one of the following conditions: The cross-sectional area removed corresponding to the target trimming profile is the smallest among the cross-sectional areas removed corresponding to the multiple candidate trimming profiles; The cross-sectional area removed corresponding to the target trimming profile is less than the cross-sectional area removed required to trim the worn profile to the initial standard profile.

8. The grinding method for the outer ring of a flange bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The grinding wheel is rotatably supported by the spindle seat, and the preset reference is provided by a reference assembly fixedly set on the spindle seat. The reference assembly includes a first reference surface, a second reference surface set at an angle to the first reference surface, and a mounting and positioning part. The positions and directions of the first reference surface, the second reference surface, and the mounting and positioning part relative to the axis of rotation are fixed. Obtaining the position of the adjusted target intersection point relative to the preset reference and the direction of the target angle bisector relative to the preset reference includes: The measurement is performed using an external measuring tool, which includes a measuring frame and a contact probe mounted on the measuring frame. The measuring frame is detachably connected to the mounting and positioning part, and the measuring frame is positioned and engaged with the first reference surface and the second reference surface respectively, so as to define the mounting position and mounting direction of the contact probe relative to the spindle seat; Within the same axial section passing through the axis of rotation, multiple first measurement points are obtained on the first polished surface after being repaired using the contact probe, and multiple second measurement points are obtained on the second polished surface after being repaired. The first cross-sectional profile of the first polished surface after trimming is determined based on multiple first measurement points, and the second cross-sectional profile of the second polished surface after trimming is determined based on multiple second measurement points. Based on the intersection of the first cross-sectional contour line and the second cross-sectional contour line, the position of the target intersection point relative to the preset reference is determined, and based on the angle bisector of the angle formed by the first cross-sectional contour line and the second cross-sectional contour line, the direction of the target angle bisector relative to the preset reference is determined. The first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount, and the rotation angle adjustment amount are determined by the operator based on the position of the target intersection point relative to the preset reference, the direction of the target angle bisector relative to the preset reference, and the initial position and initial posture of the outer ring of the flange bearing. The operator manually adjusts the position of the clamping mechanism along the first direction, the position along the second direction, and the rotation angle around the rotation axis.

9. The grinding method for the outer ring of a flange bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining multiple candidate trim profiles includes: Within the axial section, determine multiple candidate intersection points and / or multiple candidate angle bisector directions, and based on each candidate intersection point and the corresponding candidate angle bisector direction, determine the first candidate contour line and the second candidate contour line that form the predetermined included angle. From the determined candidate trim profiles, candidate trim profiles that simultaneously meet the following conditions are selected: The candidate trimming profile can be formed from the wear profile by removing the grinding wheel material; The contour formed after trimming according to the candidate trimming contour is within the preset usable contour range of the grinding wheel. The candidate first translation adjustment, candidate second translation adjustment, and candidate rotation adjustment, determined based on the position of the candidate intersection point and the direction of the candidate angle bisector, are respectively within the adjustable range of the clamping mechanism along the first direction, the adjustable range along the second direction, and the adjustable range around the rotation axis.

10. The grinding method for the outer ring of a flange bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, Within the axial section passing through the central axis of the outer ring of the flange bearing, the cross-sectional profile of the flange end face intersects with the generatrix of the outer circumferential surface to form the grinding point, and the angle bisector of the angle formed by the cross-sectional profile of the flange end face and the generatrix of the outer circumferential surface is the angle bisector to be ground. Determining the first translation adjustment amount, the second translation adjustment amount, and the rotation adjustment amount includes: When the clamping mechanism is in a preset initial position and a preset initial posture, the initial position of the intersection point to be ground relative to the preset reference and the initial direction of the angle bisector to be ground relative to the preset reference are obtained. The angle adjustment amount is determined based on the direction difference between the direction of the bisector of the angle after repair and the initial direction of the bisector of the angle to be ground; Based on the components of the position difference between the point to be ground and the point after repair in the first direction and the second direction after the clamping mechanism rotates according to the angle adjustment amount, the first translation adjustment amount and the second translation adjustment amount are determined respectively.

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