A surface treatment device for automotive parts

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of automotive parts processing, specifically to a surface treatment device for automotive parts, including a sandblasting machine housing. The sandblasting machine housing houses a sandblasting module, and also houses a power unit that provides power to the sandblasting module. The sandblasting module includes a sandblasting unit and an adaptive unit. Through the coordinated operation of the adaptive unit, this invention allows the guide wheel assembly to conform to the surface of the automotive parts in real time during the movement of the spray gun. When encountering geometric features such as protrusions or sharp edges, the guide wheel assembly displaces, sequentially driving the sliding plate, sliding rod, and limit valve rod to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow path in the connecting pipe, thereby dynamically adjusting the amount of water entering the mixing chamber. Ultimately, this achieves timely adjustment of the sand-water mixing ratio, enabling the sandblasting machine to adaptively adjust the impact force of the abrasive at different locations on the spray gun end based on the real-time contour changes of the workpiece surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts processing, and more specifically to an automotive parts surface treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive parts surface treatment refers to modifying or covering the surface of the parts substrate through a series of physical, chemical or electrochemical processes. In order to clean, remove rust, strengthen and improve the adhesion of coatings on automotive parts surfaces, wet sandblasting machines are commonly used for automotive parts surface treatment.

[0003] Wet blasting, also known as liquid blasting, is a surface treatment process used in automobile manufacturing. Its working principle uses a slurry pump and compressed air as power to spray a slurry made of water mixed with corrosion inhibitors and abrasives such as alumina and silicon carbide at high speed onto the surface of the workpiece through a spray gun, so as to achieve cleaning, polishing and coating treatment.

[0004] A search revealed an invention patent (publication number: CN115008352A) disclosing a surface treatment device, including a wet sandblasting machine. The wet sandblasting machine comprises a sand storage hopper, an air jetting device for spraying air into the sand storage hopper to agitate the sand particles, and a sand outlet pipe connected to the sand storage hopper. A sandblasting pump is installed on the sand outlet pipe, and a detection device for detecting the water-sand mixing ratio is installed at the outlet end of the sandblasting pump. The detection device is electrically connected to the air jetting device and is used to control the air jetting volume of the air jetting device based on the detected water-sand mixing ratio, ensuring that the water-sand mixing ratio of the mixture sprayed by the sandblasting pump is maintained within a set range. This surface treatment equipment can effectively reduce the labor intensity of workers.

[0005] However, the aforementioned existing technologies still have the following problems: Although controlling the jet volume of the jetting device through a detection device can better control the sand-water mixing ratio of the material in the hopper, keeping it within the set range suitable for wet sandblasting and thus effectively improving the sandblasting effect, when sandblasting automotive parts, the surface of these parts is not completely flat. Instead, they generally have geometric features such as edges and protrusions, and there are height differences between these features and the flat parts of the parts. When sandblasting these parts at different heights, the sandblasting machine cannot adaptively adjust the abrasive impact force at different locations on the spray gun end according to the real-time contour changes of the automotive parts surface. As a result, when processing local high points such as edges or protrusions, the scouring force they experience is greater than that on flat areas. This can lead to damage to the edges or protrusions on the automotive parts due to excessive abrasive impact force.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a surface treatment apparatus for automotive parts to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a surface treatment device for automotive parts.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a surface treatment device for automotive parts, including a sandblasting machine housing, a sandblasting module is provided inside the sandblasting machine housing, and a power unit for providing power to the sandblasting module is also provided inside the sandblasting machine housing; The sandblasting module includes a sandblasting unit and an adaptive unit; The adaptive unit includes a mounting bracket, two sliding plates slidably disposed with the mounting bracket, a buffer assembly, two guide wheel assemblies, and a control assembly disposed on the sandblasting unit; The control component includes an inlet pipe, a protective box, a connecting pipe fixedly connected to the protective box, a sliding rod, and a limit valve rod. The protective box is fixedly connected to the inlet pipe via a flange, and the connecting pipe is connected to the inlet pipe. The sliding rod is slidably connected to the protective box and fixedly connected to the limit valve rod. The limit valve rod is slidably connected to the connecting pipe. The protective box is equipped with a sealing component inside.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing assembly includes an elastic pad fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the protective box, and one side of the elastic pad is fixedly connected to a limit valve rod. A balloon is sleeved on the surface of the elastic pad, and a clamping block is fixedly connected to one side of the balloon. The clamping block is sleeved on the surface of the elastic pad, and the outer side of the clamping block is fixedly connected to the inside of the elastic pad. The inside of the balloon is filled with liquid water.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing assembly further includes a water suction pipe and a water drain pipe, and both the water suction pipe and the water drain pipe are equipped with a one-way valve. The water suction pipe and the water drain pipe are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the balloon surface and are in communication with the balloon. One end of the water suction pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe, and one end of the water drain pipe passes through the protective box and is fixedly connected to a spray box. The inner arc surface of the spray box is provided with a plurality of spray holes communicating with the spray box. The spray box is connected to the drain pipe and is fixedly connected to the protective box by bolts.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a cleaning ring is fixedly connected to one side of the spray box by bolts. The cleaning ring is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod, and a cleaning brush is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cleaning ring in a circular array with the cleaning ring as the center. The cleaning brush is in contact with the sliding rod.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the buffer assembly includes a sealing tube fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting frame, a piston rod slidably connected inside the sealing tube, an extension assembly provided at one end of the piston rod, a connecting rod fixedly connected at the end of the piston rod away from the guide wheel assembly, and one end of the connecting rod passing through the mounting frame and fixedly connected to the sliding plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the buffer assembly further includes a retaining spring, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the sealing tube and the guide wheel assembly, respectively. An inlet check valve and an outlet check valve are fixedly connected to one side of the sealing tube. Both the inlet check valve and the outlet check valve are connected to the sealing tube. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod near the connecting rod, and the sealing ring is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the sealing tube.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the extension assembly includes a hollow tube, which is fixedly connected to a piston rod. A movable rod is slidably inserted inside the hollow tube. One end of the movable rod is fixedly connected to a guide wheel assembly. Limiting plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the movable rod. A guide plate is sleeved on one side of the limiting plate through the mounting bracket and the sliding plate.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the extension component further includes two parallel baffles, the guide plate has two parallel through slots on its surface, the baffles are slidably disposed inside the through slots, and the surface of the baffles is fixedly connected to a spring rod, the spring rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through slot, the inner wall of the sliding plate has a sliding groove, and the guide plate is fixedly connected inside the sliding groove. The extension assembly also includes two symmetrical mounting rods, which are fixedly connected to the two inner walls of the mounting frame, respectively. A wedge block is fixedly connected to one side of each mounting rod, and the wedge block is positioned on the moving path of the baffle.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the sandblasting unit includes a mixing chamber, a fixed frame, a sand inlet pipe, and a spray gun. The mixing chamber is rotatably mounted inside the fixed frame via a rotating shaft. Both the sand inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe are connected to the mixing chamber. The spray gun is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mixing chamber and is connected to the mixing chamber. The mounting frame is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the spray gun. A support member is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spray gun, and the support member is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the power unit includes a threaded rod that is threadedly connected to a fixed frame. A motor is fixedly connected to the housing of the sandblasting machine, and the output end of the motor passes through the housing of the sandblasting machine and is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod. A servo motor is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame, and the output end of the servo motor passes through the fixed frame and is fixedly connected to the mixing chamber.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This device, through the coordinated operation of the adaptive unit, enables the guide wheel assembly to conform to the surface of automotive parts in real time during the movement of the spray gun. When encountering geometric features such as bosses or edges, the guide wheel assembly is displaced, which sequentially drives the sliding plate, sliding rod, and limit valve rod to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow path in the connecting pipe, thereby dynamically adjusting the amount of water entering the mixing chamber. Ultimately, this achieves timely adjustment of the sand-water mixing ratio, allowing the sandblasting machine to adaptively adjust the impact force of the abrasive at different parts of the workpiece surface according to the real-time contour changes, effectively avoiding damage to edges, bosses, and other features due to excessive impact force. Through the cooperation of the sealing components, while the sliding rod drives the limit valve rod to move, the limit valve rod squeezes the ball, and the water pre-stored in the ball is pumped to the spray box through the drain pipe. It is then sprayed through the spray hole to the connection between the sliding rod and the protective box. This not only cleans the surface of the sliding rod, but also forms a continuously flowing water film sealing layer on it, which constitutes a dynamic fluid sealing barrier. This can effectively prevent the external sand and water mixture from being brought into the interior of the protective box due to the reciprocating motion of the sliding rod, thereby avoiding the risk of sand and water impurities entering the connection of the limit valve rod and causing jamming or failure. Through the synergy of the buffer assembly and the clamping spring, the clamping spring provides a continuous preload to the guide wheel assembly, ensuring that it always fits against the workpiece surface. At the same time, it absorbs the high-frequency vibration caused by the small undulations on the surface of the automotive parts. When the guide wheel assembly encounters significant obstacles such as bosses and tends to bounce, the guide wheel assembly pushes the piston rod to move inside the sealed tube while compressing the clamping spring. By compressing the air inside the sealed tube, a damping force is generated, which effectively absorbs and dissipates the impact energy and suppresses the bounce of the guide wheel assembly. By extending the component, when the sliding plate and sliding rod reach their limit stroke, the baffle is driven by the wedge block to move within the sliding groove, releasing the constraint on the limiting plate. At this point, the limiting plate can continue to slide within the guide plate, allowing the moving rod to extend further within the hollow tube. This ensures that even if the sliding rod has reached its maximum adjustment stroke, the guide wheel assembly still has additional clearance capability, allowing it to smoothly pass over higher bosses and preventing the spray gun from being unable to move due to mechanism jamming, thus ensuring the continuity of surface treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sandblasting module and power unit in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sandblasting unit, the adaptive unit, and the power unit in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive unit in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control component in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the control component in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer component in this invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extension component in this invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the protective box, water inlet pipe, cleaning ring, and spray box in this invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Sandblasting machine housing; 2. Sandblasting unit; 201. Mixing chamber; 202. Fixing frame; 203. Sand inlet pipe; 204. Spray gun; 3. Adaptive unit; 301. Mounting bracket; 302. Sliding plate; 303. Buffer assembly; 3031. Sealing pipe; 3032. Piston rod; 3033. Connecting rod; 3034. Clamping spring; 3035. Inlet check valve; 3036. Outlet check valve; 3037. Sealing ring; 304. Guide wheel assembly; 305. Control assembly; 3051. Water inlet pipe; 3052. Protective box 3053, Connecting pipe; 3054, Sliding rod; 3055, Limit valve stem; 4, Sealing assembly; 401, Elastic pad; 402, Balloon; 403, Clamping block; 404, Suction pipe; 405, Drain pipe; 406, Spray box; 407, Cleaning ring; 5, Extension assembly; 501, Hollow tube; 502, Moving rod; 503, Limit plate; 504, Guide plate; 505, Baffle; 506, Through groove; 507, Elastic rod; 508, Mounting rod; 509, Wedge block; 6, Threaded rod; 7, Servo motor. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-11 This invention provides a surface treatment device for automotive parts, and offers four embodiments: In Embodiment 1, the automotive parts surface treatment device includes a sandblasting machine housing 1, a sandblasting module is provided inside the sandblasting machine housing 1, and a power unit that provides power to the sandblasting module is also provided inside the sandblasting machine housing 1. The sandblasting machine housing 1 includes a sandblasting machine housing and a workpiece support plate fixedly installed inside the sandblasting machine housing. Both are existing technologies and are used to stably place automotive parts inside the sandblasting machine housing to provide stable clamping force during the surface treatment of automotive parts. The sandblasting module includes sandblasting unit 2 and adaptive unit 3; The sandblasting unit 2 includes a mixing chamber 201, a fixing frame 202, a sand inlet pipe 203, and a spray gun 204. The mixing chamber 201 is rotatably mounted inside the fixing frame 202 via a rotating shaft. The sand inlet pipe 203 and the water inlet pipe 3051 are both connected to the mixing chamber 201. The spray gun 204 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mixing chamber 201 and is connected to the mixing chamber 201. The mounting frame 301 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the spray gun 204. A support member is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spray gun 204, and the support member is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe 3051. An air inlet pipe connected to an external air compressor is fixedly connected to one side of the mixing chamber 201, and the airflow direction of the air inlet pipe is consistent with the spray direction of the spray gun 204. This is used to deliver the compressed air from the air compressor to the interior of the mixing chamber 201, and to spray the sand-water mixture in the mixing chamber 201 onto the surface of the automotive parts through the spray gun 204. Both the sand inlet pipe 203 and the water inlet pipe 3051 are flexible hoses, and both have a certain margin. Therefore, when the mixing chamber 201 moves, the movement of the mixing chamber 201 will not be restricted due to the inability of the sand inlet pipe 203 and the water inlet pipe 3051 to move, and the movement of the mixing chamber 201 will not be hindered. The sand inlet pipe 203 and the water inlet pipe 3051 are respectively connected to the external grinding slurry pump and the water pump. The grinding slurry pump provides power for sand to enter the mixing chamber 201, and the water pump provides power for water to enter the mixing chamber 201. They are used to transport sand and water from outside the sandblasting machine casing to the mixing chamber 201 respectively. The mounting bracket 202 provides installation space for the mixing chamber 201 and the spray gun 204; Spray gun 204 is existing technology, used to spray a sand-water mixture onto the surface of automotive parts for surface treatment; The support is fixedly connected to the spray gun 204, and the water inlet pipe 3051 is installed on the support to support the water inlet pipe 3051. The power unit includes a threaded rod 6, which is threadedly connected to the fixed frame 202. A motor is fixedly connected to the sandblasting machine housing 1, and the output end of the motor passes through the sandblasting machine housing 1 and is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 6. A servo motor 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame 202, and the output end of the servo motor 7 passes through the fixed frame 202 and is fixedly connected to the mixing chamber 201. The motor is existing technology and is used to drive the threaded rod 6 to rotate, thereby driving the fixed frame 202 to move inside the sandblasting machine housing, so that the spray gun 204 can sandblast different parts of the automotive parts; The servo motor 7 is used to drive the mixing chamber 201 to rotate on the fixed frame 202, and drive the spray gun 204 to rotate inside the fixed frame 202, changing the angle of the spray gun 204, thus enabling the spray gun 204 to perform sandblasting on different angles of the automotive parts. A guide box is slidably sleeved on the side of the fixed frame 202 away from the threaded rod 6. The guide box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sandblasting machine housing. It is used to guide the fixed frame 202 and limit the fixed frame 202 to prevent the fixed frame 202 from rotating with the threaded rod 6, so that the fixed frame 202 can only slide inside the sandblasting machine housing. The adaptive unit 3 includes a mounting bracket 301, two sliding plates 302 that are slidably disposed with the mounting bracket 301, a buffer assembly 303, two guide wheel assemblies 304, and a control assembly 305 disposed on the sandblasting unit 2; The guide wheel assembly 304 includes two telescopic rods fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 301, a mounting plate fixedly connected to one end of the two telescopic rods, and a guide wheel fixedly connected to the mounting plate. The guide wheel can fit against the surface of the automotive parts and rotate on their surface. Mounting bracket 301 is used to provide an installation position for sliding plate 302 and to guide it; The control component 305 includes an inlet pipe 3051, a protective box 3052, a connecting pipe 3053 fixedly connected to the protective box 3052, a sliding rod 3054, and a limit valve rod 3055. The protective box 3052 is fixedly connected to the inlet pipe 3051 through a flange, and the connecting pipe 3053 is connected to the inlet pipe 3051. The sliding rod 3054 is slidably connected to the protective box 3052 and is fixedly connected to the limit valve rod 3055 through a fixed round rod. The limit valve rod 3055 is slidably connected to the connecting pipe 3053. The sliding rod 3054 is disposed on the moving path of one of the sliding plates 302; The inlet pipe 3051 is used to provide a delivery pipeline for water to enter the spray gun 204; The protective box 3052 is used to protect the components in the control assembly 305 and to isolate external sand and water from entering the connection between the limit valve stem 3055 and the connecting pipe 3053. Connecting pipe 3053 is used to connect to water inlet pipe 3051; The sliding rod 3054 is used to follow the movement of the sliding plate 302 and adjust the position of the limit valve rod 3055; Adjust the diameter of the water delivery passage inside the connecting pipe 3053 according to the movement of the limit valve stem 3055. The protective box 3052 has a sealing component 4 inside; The initial position of the limit valve stem 3055 is inserted into the inside of the connecting pipe 3053. The limit valve stem 3055 blocks the water flow path in the connecting pipe 3053, reducing the cross-section of the water flow path and thus reducing the water flow rate in the connecting pipe 3053. At this time, the water flow rate in the connecting pipe 3053 is relatively low. When the guide wheel assembly 304 contacts the boss and drives the sliding rod 3054 to move through the sliding plate 302, the sliding rod 3054 drives the limit valve rod 3055 to slide towards the outside of the connecting pipe 3053, reducing the length of the limit valve rod 3055 inserted into the connecting pipe 3053, reducing the obstruction range of the limit valve rod 3055 on the water flow cross section, thereby increasing the water flow cross section in the connecting pipe 3053, and at this time the water conveyance of the connecting pipe 3053 increases; When the limit valve stem 3055 and the sliding rod 3054 move to their maximum extent, the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow inside the connecting pipe 3053 is at its maximum, and the conveying capacity of the connecting pipe 3053 is at its maximum. Specifically, the automotive parts are placed on the workpiece support plate and clamped. After the automotive parts are in place, the guide wheels of the guide wheel assembly 304 are in contact with the surface of the automotive parts, and the spray gun 204 is aimed at the surface of the automotive parts. When sandblasting the flat part of the automotive parts, the spray gun 204 drives the fixed frame 202 to move inside the sandblasting machine housing through the cooperation of the motor and the threaded rod 6. At the same time, the external sand and water are transported to the mixing chamber 201 through the sand inlet pipe 203 and the water inlet pipe 3051. After mixing, the sand and water mixture is sprayed onto the surface of the automotive parts through the spray gun 204 to achieve the treatment of the flat part of the automotive parts surface. When the guide wheel in the guide wheel assembly 304 moves with the spray gun 204 to the protruding part such as the boss, the guide wheel assembly 304 is raised, causing it to drive the piston rod 3032 to slide in the sealing tube 3031, which in turn drives the connecting rod 3033 and the sliding plate 302 to slide in the mounting bracket 301, so that the sliding plate 302 contacts the sliding rod 3054 and pushes the sliding rod 3054 to slide on the protective box 3052, driving the limit valve rod 3055 to slide in the connecting pipe 3053, increasing the water flow path in the connecting pipe 3053, thereby increasing the amount of water transported by the connecting pipe 3053, and thus increasing the proportion of water in the mixing chamber 201, reducing the impact force of the sand-water mixture, so that the sandblasting machine can adaptively adjust the impact force of the abrasive at the end of the spray gun 204 for different parts according to the real-time contour changes of the workpiece surface, effectively avoiding damage to features such as edges and bosses due to excessive impact force.

[0023] In Example 2, based on Example 1, the sealing assembly 4 further includes an elastic pad 401, which is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the protective box 3052. One side of the elastic pad 401 is fixedly connected to the limit valve stem 3055. A balloon 402 is sleeved on the surface of the elastic pad 401. A pressing block 403 is fixedly connected to one side of the balloon 402. The pressing block 403 is sleeved on the surface of the elastic pad 401. The outer side of the pressing block 403 is fixedly connected to the inside of the elastic pad 401. The inside of the balloon 402 is filled with liquid water. The elastic pad 401 is used for resetting the limit valve stem 3055; The balloon 402 is used to store water; The clamping block 403 is used to provide an installation position for the balloon 402, while limiting the maximum compression position of the elastic pad 401 to prevent the elastic pad 401 from being over-compressed multiple times and causing the elastic potential energy to fail. At the same time, it limits the maximum stroke of the limit valve stem 3055 to prevent the limit valve stem 3055 from disengaging from the connecting pipe 3053. When the water in the initial state of the balloon 402 is used to clean the sliding rod 3054 during its first sliding, it forms a continuously flowing downward water film sealing layer, completing the first seal at the connection between the sliding rod 3054 and the protective box 3052. The sealing assembly 4 also includes a water suction pipe 404 and a drain pipe 405. Both the water suction pipe 404 and the drain pipe 405 are equipped with one-way valves. The water suction pipe 404 and the drain pipe 405 are fixedly connected to both sides of the surface of the balloon 402 and are connected to the balloon 402. One end of the water suction pipe 404 is connected to the water inlet pipe 3051. One end of the drain pipe 405 passes through the protective box 3052 and is fixedly connected to the spray box 406. The inner arc surface of the spray box 406 is provided with multiple spray holes that are connected to the spray box 406. The spray box 406 is connected to the drain pipe 405 and is fixedly connected to the protective box 3052 by bolts. The suction pipe 404 and the drain pipe 405 are used to draw water from the connecting pipe 3053 into the balloon 402 and store it. Then, according to the sliding of the sliding rod 3054, the water stored in the balloon 402 is discharged through the drain pipe 405. The one-way valve in the suction tube 404 is used to restrict the water in the balloon 402, so that water cannot enter the connecting tube 3053 through the suction tube 404, while water in the connecting tube 3053 can enter the balloon 402 through the suction tube 404. The one-way valve in the drain pipe 405 is used to restrict the water in the balloon 402, so that the water inside can only be discharged through the drain pipe 405, while the outside air cannot enter the balloon 402 through the drain pipe 405, thus avoiding the air from affecting the storage capacity of the balloon 402. The spray box 406 is used to receive water discharged from the drain pipe 405 and spray water out of the spray box 406 through the spray holes; A cleaning ring 407 is fixedly connected to one side of the spray box 406 by bolts. The cleaning ring 407 is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod 3054, and a cleaning brush is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cleaning ring 407 in a ring array with the cleaning ring 407 as the center. The cleaning brush is in contact with the sliding rod 3054. Based on the cleaning ring 407 and the cleaning brush, the connection between the sliding rod 3054 and the protective box 3052 is isolated before and after the sliding rod 3054 moves. The cleaning ring 407 is used to physically isolate the sand and water in advance at the moment when the sliding rod 3054 starts to slide and before the balloon 402 responds, so as to solve the response lag problem of pure fluid seal and prevent some sand and water from entering the protective box 3052 due to the lag of the balloon 402 starting, which would affect the limit valve rod 3055. The cleaning brush is made of abrasive nylon, which is formed by adding silicon carbide or aluminum oxide abrasive particles to nylon. It has excellent wear resistance and cleaning ability, and is suitable for cleaning hard sandblasting residue. Specifically, when the sliding rod 3054 drives the limit valve rod 3055 to move, the limit valve rod 3055 squeezes the balloon 402, causing it to deform under pressure. The water inside is then introduced into the spray box 406 through the drain pipe 405 and sprayed through the spray holes to the connection between the sliding rod 3054 and the protective box 3052. This not only cleans the surface of the sliding rod 3054 but also forms a continuously flowing water film sealing layer on it, creating a temporary sealing barrier that can effectively prevent the external sand and water mixture from being brought into the interior of the protective box 3052 due to the reciprocating motion of the sliding rod 3054. While the limit valve rod 3055 moves, it squeezes the elastic pad 401, causing it to compress and deform, thus preventing the elastic pad 401 from hindering the movement of the limit valve rod 3055 and preventing the limit valve rod 3055 from moving out of the connecting pipe 3053, which would affect the restriction of the limit valve rod 3055 on the inside of the connecting pipe 3053. When the guide wheel assembly 304 is no longer in contact with the boss and moves to the flat part, the elastic force of the elastic pad 401 causes the limit valve rod 3055 to re-insert into the connecting pipe 3053, restoring the water flow in the connecting pipe 3053. At the same time, the limit valve rod 3055 drives the sliding rod 3054 to slide outward, realizing the automatic reset of the limit valve rod 3055 and the sliding rod 3054. When the sliding rod 3054 and the limit valve rod 3055 are reset, the limit valve rod 3055 no longer squeezes the balloon 402. The balloon 402 is reset by its own elasticity. At the same time, when the balloon 402 deforms, it generates suction inside. The water suction pipe 404 draws a small amount of water from the connecting pipe 3053 into the balloon 402 and stores the water, realizing the cycle of water intake and drainage of the balloon 402. This achieves the effect of cyclic cleaning and temporary sealing of the spray box 406.

[0024] In Example 3, based on Example 1, the buffer assembly 303 further includes a sealing tube 3031, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting bracket 301. A piston rod 3032 is slidably connected inside the sealing tube 3031. An extension assembly 5 is provided at one end of the piston rod 3032. A connecting rod 3033 is fixedly connected at the end of the piston rod 3032 away from the guide wheel assembly 304. One end of the connecting rod 3033 passes through the sealing tube 3031 and the mounting bracket 301 and is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 302. The sealing tube 3031 is used to store air, and the air is sealed in the sealing tube 3031 by the piston rod 3032; The piston rod 3032 is used to slide in the sealing tube 3031, compressing the air inside, so that a damping force is generated on one side of the piston rod 3032; The connecting rod 3033 is used to drive the sliding plate 302 to move by following the movement of the piston rod 3032; The buffer assembly 303 also includes a retaining spring 3034. The two ends of the retaining spring 3034 are fixedly connected to the sealing tube 3031 and the guide wheel assembly 304, respectively. An inlet check valve 3035 and an outlet check valve 3036 are fixedly connected to one side of the sealing tube 3031. Both the inlet check valve 3035 and the outlet check valve 3036 are connected to the sealing tube 3031. A sealing ring 3037 is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod 3032 near the connecting rod 3033. The sealing ring 3037 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the sealing tube 3031. The clamping spring 3034 provides a continuous preload to the guide wheel assembly 304, ensuring that it always fits against the workpiece surface, while absorbing high-frequency vibrations caused by minor undulations on the surface of the automotive parts. The diameter of the intake check valve 3035 is larger than that of the exhaust check valve 3036. Through the differentiated design of the intake check valve 3035 and the exhaust check valve 3036, an asymmetric damping system is formed. When the piston rod 3032 moves upward to compress, the air is slowly discharged through the small-diameter exhaust valve, generating a large damping force to absorb the impact and suppress the bounce of the guide wheel assembly 304. When the piston rod 3032 resets, air is quickly drawn in through the large-diameter air intake valve, resulting in low damping force. This ensures that the guide wheel assembly 304 can quickly reset and re-fit against the workpiece surface, achieving a good balance between vibration absorption and follow-up. The sealing ring 3037 is used to follow the piston rod 3032. When the sealing ring 3037 follows the piston rod 3032 to the maximum moving distance, the sealing ring 3037 is tightly fitted with the air inlet of the exhaust check valve 3036 to seal the air inlet, prevent the air in the sealing tube 3031 from being discharged again, increase the damping force in the sealing tube 3031, and limit the maximum moving distance of the piston rod 3032.

[0025] In Embodiment 4, based on Embodiment 1, the extension component 5 further includes a hollow tube 501, which is fixedly connected to the piston rod 3032. A movable rod 502 is slidably inserted inside the hollow tube 501. One end of the movable rod 502 is fixedly connected to the guide wheel assembly 304. Limiting plates 503 are fixedly connected to both sides of the movable rod 502. One side of the limiting plate 503 passes through the mounting bracket 301 and the sliding plate 302 and is sleeved with a guide plate 504. The hollow interior of the hollow tube 501 provides space for the movable rod 502 to move, while limiting the maximum moving distance of the movable rod 502. The movable rod 502 is used to move the limiting plate 503 and the guide wheel assembly 304. The limiting plate 503 is used to limit the movement of the moving rod 502. Before the guide wheel assembly 304 and the sliding rod 3054 move to the maximum distance, the moving rod 502 and the hollow tube 501 can move with the piston rod 3032. Guide plate 504 is used to provide guidance and restriction for limit plate 503; The extension component 5 also includes two parallel baffles 505. The surface of the guide plate 504 has two parallel through grooves 506. The baffles 505 are slidably disposed inside the through grooves 506. A spring rod 507 is fixedly connected to the surface of the baffles 505. The spring rod 507 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove 506. The inner wall of the sliding plate 302 has a sliding groove. The guide plate 504 is fixedly connected to the inside of the sliding groove. The baffle 505 is used to limit the length of the through groove 506 and to limit the position of the limiting plate 503; The through groove 506 is provided with a limiting groove. Both sides of the baffle 505 are slidably inserted into the inside of the limiting groove, so that the baffle 505 can only slide inside the through groove 506 and will not disengage from the through groove 506. The through slot 506 is used to provide space for the limit plate 503 to move; The spring rod 507 is made of elastic rubber and is used for the subsequent reset of the baffle 505; The sliding groove is designed to prevent the guide plate 504 from connecting with the sliding plate 302 and moving with the sliding plate 302; The extension assembly 5 also includes two symmetrical mounting rods 508, which are fixedly connected to the two inner walls of the mounting frame 301 respectively. A wedge block 509 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting rod 508, and the wedge block 509 is set on the moving path of the baffle 505. Mounting rod 508 is used to mount wedge block 509 onto mounting bracket 301; A pressing plate is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle 505 near the wedge block 509, and the pressing slope of the wedge block 509 is on the moving path of the pressing plate. The wedge block 509 is used to provide power to the baffle 505 and adjust the position of the baffle 505 in the through slot 506; Specifically, when the sliding rod 3054 and the sliding plate 302 move to their maximum stroke, the moving distance of the limit valve rod 3055 also moves to its maximum distance. Therefore, the limit valve rod 3055 has the least restriction on the flow rate of the inlet pipe 3051, and the flow rate of the inlet pipe 3051 reaches its maximum. The baffle 505 moves with the sliding plate 302, and the extrusion plate moves to the position of contacting the wedge block 509. The extrusion plate slides a certain distance along the extrusion slope of the wedge block 509, and the wedge block 509 pushes the extrusion plate to move, so that the baffle 505 is in the through groove 5. The sliding motion in slot 506 releases the constraint on the limiting plate 503, allowing the limiting plate 503 to slide within the through slot 506. This allows the guide wheel assembly 304 to press against the moving rod 502 after the sliding plate 302 has reached its maximum stroke. This enables the moving rod 502 to extend further within the hollow tube 501, ensuring that even if the sliding rod 3054 has reached its maximum adjustment stroke, the guide wheel assembly 304 still has additional clearance capabilities and can smoothly pass over higher bosses, preventing the spray gun 204 from being unable to move due to mechanism jamming. After the guide wheel assembly 304 disengages from the protrusion on the surface of the automotive part, the guide wheel assembly 304, through the elastic force and pushing force of the clamping spring 3034 and the piston rod 3032, comes into contact with the flat part of the surface of the automotive part. Therefore, the piston rod 3032 slides in the sealing tube 3031 and moves in the direction of the guide wheel assembly 304, causing the sliding plate 302 to automatically reset and no longer constrain the sliding rod 3054. Through the elastic force of the elastic pad 401, the limit valve rod 3055 slides inside the connecting tube 3053, while driving the sliding rod 3054 to move away from the connecting tube 3053, thus completing the automatic reset of the sliding rod 3054 and the limit valve rod 3055. Before the sliding plate 302 resets, the guide wheel assembly 304 and the limiting plate 503 move simultaneously, causing the limiting plate 503 to move toward the surface of the automotive parts. The side of the limiting plate 503 that is close to the wedge block 509 is once again stored in the guide plate 504. After the sliding plate 302 resets, the guide plate 504 is driven to move simultaneously, causing the extrusion plate to disengage from the wedge block 509. Through the elastic force of the elastic rod 507, the extrusion plate and the baffle 505 slide upward in the through groove 506, blocking part of the through groove 506 again, thereby constraining the limiting plate 503 again.

[0026] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0028] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A surface treatment device for automotive parts, comprising a sandblasting machine housing (1), characterized in that, The sandblasting machine housing (1) is equipped with a sandblasting module inside, and the sandblasting machine housing (1) is also equipped with a power unit that provides power to the sandblasting module inside; The sandblasting module includes a sandblasting unit (2) and an adaptive unit (3); The adaptive unit (3) includes a mounting bracket (301), two sliding plates (302) slidably disposed with the mounting bracket (301), a buffer assembly (303), two guide wheel assemblies (304), and a control assembly (305) disposed on the sandblasting unit (2). The control component (305) includes an inlet pipe (3051), a protective box (3052), a connecting pipe (3053) fixedly connected to the protective box (3052), a sliding rod (3054), and a limit valve rod (3055). The protective box (3052) is fixedly connected to the inlet pipe (3051) through a flange, and the connecting pipe (3053) is connected to the inlet pipe (3051). The sliding rod (3054) is slidably connected to the protective box (3052) and fixedly connected to the limit valve rod (3055). The limit valve rod (3055) is slidably connected to the connecting pipe (3053). The sliding rod (3054) is arranged on the moving path of the sliding plate (302). The protective box (3052) is equipped with a sealing component (4).

2. The automotive parts surface treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing assembly (4) includes an elastic pad (401), which is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the protective box (3052). One side of the elastic pad (401) is fixedly connected to the limit valve rod (3055). A balloon (402) is sleeved on the surface of the elastic pad (401). A pressing block (403) is fixedly connected to one side of the balloon (402). The pressing block (403) is sleeved on the surface of the elastic pad (401). The outer side of the pressing block (403) is fixedly connected to the inside of the elastic pad (401). The inside of the balloon (402) is filled with liquid water.

3. The automotive parts surface treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing assembly (4) also includes a water suction pipe (404) and a drain pipe (405), and both the water suction pipe (404) and the drain pipe (405) are equipped with a one-way valve. The water suction pipe (404) and the drain pipe (405) are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the surface of the balloon (402) and are connected to the balloon (402). One end of the water suction pipe (404) is connected to the water inlet pipe (3051). One end of the drain pipe (405) passes through the protective box (3052) and is fixedly connected to the spray box (406). The inner arc surface of the spray box (406) is provided with multiple spray holes connected to the spray box (406). The spray box (406) is connected to the drain pipe (405). The spray box (406) is fixedly connected to the protective box (3052) by bolts.

4. The automotive parts surface treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A cleaning ring (407) is fixedly connected to one side of the spray box (406) by bolts. The cleaning ring (407) is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod (3054), and a cleaning brush is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cleaning ring (407) in a ring array with the cleaning ring (407) as the center. The cleaning brush is in contact with the sliding rod (3054).

5. The automotive parts surface treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer assembly (303) includes a sealing tube (3031), which is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting frame (301). A piston rod (3032) is slidably connected inside the sealing tube (3031). An extension assembly (5) is provided at one end of the piston rod (3032). A connecting rod (3033) is fixedly connected at the end of the piston rod (3032) away from the guide wheel assembly (304). One end of the connecting rod (3033) passes through the mounting frame (301) and is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (302).

6. The automotive parts surface treatment apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The buffer assembly (303) also includes a retaining spring (3034), the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the sealing tube (3031) and the guide wheel assembly (304) respectively. An inlet check valve (3035) and an outlet check valve (3036) are fixedly connected to one side of the sealing tube (3031), and the diameter of the inlet check valve (3035) is larger than that of the outlet check valve (3036). Both the inlet check valve (3035) and the outlet check valve (3036) are connected to the sealing tube (3031). A sealing ring (3037) is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod (3032) near the connecting rod (3033), and the sealing ring (3037) is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the sealing tube (3031).

7. The automotive parts surface treatment apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The extension component (5) includes a hollow tube (501), which is fixedly connected to a piston rod (3032). A movable rod (502) is slidably inserted inside the hollow tube (501). One end of the movable rod (502) is fixedly connected to a guide wheel assembly (304). Limiting plates (503) are fixedly connected to both sides of the movable rod (502). A guide plate (504) is sleeved on one side of the limiting plate (503) through the mounting bracket (301) and the sliding plate (302).

8. The automotive parts surface treatment apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The extension component (5) also includes two parallel baffles (505), and the surface of the guide plate (504) has two parallel through slots (506). The baffles (505) are slidably disposed inside the through slots (506), and the surface of the baffles (505) is fixedly connected to a spring rod (507). The spring rod (507) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through slot (506). The inner wall of the sliding plate (302) is provided with a sliding groove, and the guide plate (504) is fixedly connected to the inside of the sliding groove. The extension component (5) also includes two symmetrical mounting rods (508), which are fixedly connected to the two inner walls of the mounting frame (301) respectively. A wedge block (509) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting rod (508), and the wedge block (509) is set on the moving path of the baffle (505).

9. The automotive parts surface treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sandblasting unit (2) includes a mixing chamber (201), a fixing frame (202), a sand inlet pipe (203), and a spray gun (204). The mixing chamber (201) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the fixing frame (202) via a rotating shaft. The sand inlet pipe (203) and the water inlet pipe (3051) are both connected to the mixing chamber (201). The spray gun (204) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mixing chamber (201) and is connected to the mixing chamber (201). The mounting frame (301) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the spray gun (204). A support member is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spray gun (204), and the support member is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe (3051).

10. The surface treatment apparatus for automotive parts according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power unit includes a threaded rod (6), which is threadedly connected to the fixed frame (202). The sandblasting machine housing (1) is fixedly connected to a motor, and the output end of the motor passes through the sandblasting machine housing (1) and is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (6). A servo motor (7) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame (202), and the output end of the servo motor (7) passes through the fixed frame (202) and is fixedly connected to the mixing chamber (201).

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