A charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and charging gun

Abstract

This invention discloses a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and charging gun. In the first charging stage, before overheating, the temperature rise slope reflects the trend of temperature increase during charging. A first preset algorithm dynamically adjusts the charging current based on the temperature rise slope, dynamically linking the current adjustment with the temperature rise slope of the charging gun head, avoiding lag control caused by relying solely on a single temperature threshold. In the second charging stage, after the first overheating, the second preset algorithm dynamically calculates the second target current by combining the target temperature, the current temperature difference, and the real-time status of the liquid cooling system, stabilizing the charging gun head temperature within a preset range below the temperature limit. This avoids directly dropping to the safe current, which would lead to power waste, and maintains a balance between heat dissipation and charging through continuous feedback. By setting a preset target temperature range, the traditional extreme temperature shutdown logic is replaced, making it compatible with different operating conditions and achieving smooth current transition, ultimately maximizing charging efficiency under safe conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automobile charging, and particularly to a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and charging gun. Background Technology

[0002] When a charging station charges a vehicle using its charging gun, the internal electronic components generate a significant amount of heat. To address this, a liquid cooling system is employed. In this system, coolant absorbs heat as it flows past the heat-generating components, increasing its temperature. It is then transported to the radiator for cooling before circulating back to the liquid cooling module. The temperature of the coolant returning to the module is called the "return temperature." By monitoring and controlling the return temperature, the current temperature state of the charging station can be determined.

[0003] Based on this, related technologies have proposed heat dissipation control of charging piles during the charging process based on the return liquid temperature. Specifically, when the temperature of the charging gun head does not exceed the temperature limit, the charging current of the charging gun is set to the maximum allowable charging current to charge the vehicle. During this process, the speed of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system is adjusted by the return liquid temperature, thereby controlling the cooling effect of the charging pile. When the temperature of the charging gun head exceeds the temperature limit, the charging current of the charging gun is directly limited to the safe current (that is, the rated current when the liquid cooling system is not running).

[0004] The limitation of this control strategy is that it ignores the impact of charging current on temperature rise. As a result, the reduction in charging current after the temperature of the charging gun exceeds the temperature limit cannot be effectively assessed. The charging current of the charging gun is directly limited to the safe current. The excessive reduction in charging current leads to an excessive temperature drop, which fails to balance the heat dissipation capacity and charging capacity of the charging pile. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and charging gun that solves the problems of sudden drop in charging current and temperature control imbalance through a phased dynamic adjustment mechanism.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a charging method applied to a charging pile, wherein the charging pile includes a charging gun and a liquid cooling system, and the charging method includes:

[0007] Obtain the head temperature of the charging gun during the current charging sampling period;

[0008] Determine whether the temperature of the gun head has reached the temperature limit for the first time;

[0009] If not, determine that the current stage is the first charging stage; if yes, determine that the current stage is the second charging stage.

[0010] In the first charging stage, a first target charging current is obtained using a first preset algorithm based on the rising slope of the charging gun head temperature, and in the next charging sampling cycle, the charging gun is controlled to charge the vehicle with the first target charging current.

[0011] In the second charging stage, the first difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature is calculated. Based on the first difference and the rotation speed of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system, the charging current of the charging gun is adjusted to the second target charging current using a second preset algorithm. In the next charging sampling cycle, the charging gun is controlled to charge the vehicle with the second target charging current.

[0012] When the charging gun is charging with the second target charging current, the temperature of the charging gun head remains stable within a preset range of the target temperature for a preset time period; the target temperature is less than the temperature limit.

[0013] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a charging device applied to a charging pile, wherein the charging pile includes a charging gun and a liquid cooling system, and the charging device includes:

[0014] The acquisition module is used to acquire the head temperature of the charging gun during the current charging sampling cycle;

[0015] The judgment module is used to determine whether the temperature of the gun head has reached the temperature limit for the first time;

[0016] The phase division module is used to determine whether the current charging stage is in the first stage if no, and whether the current charging stage is in the second stage if yes.

[0017] The first charging module is used to obtain a first target charging current based on the rising slope of the charging gun head temperature using a first preset algorithm during the first charging stage, and to control the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the first target charging current in the next charging sampling cycle.

[0018] The second charging module is used to calculate the first difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature during the second charging stage, and adjust the charging current of the charging gun to the second target charging current using a second preset algorithm based on the first difference and the rotation speed of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system, and control the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the second target charging current in the next charging sampling cycle.

[0019] When the charging gun is charging with the second target charging current, the temperature of the charging gun head remains stable within a preset range of the target temperature for a preset time period; the target temperature is less than the temperature limit.

[0020] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0021] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0022] A processor for implementing the steps of the charging method as described above when storing a computer program.

[0023] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the charging method described above.

[0024] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a charging gun, comprising the electronic device described above.

[0025] This invention provides a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and charging gun, which solves the problems of sudden drop in charging current and temperature control imbalance through a phased dynamic adjustment mechanism. Specifically, in the first charging stage, before the temperature exceeds the limit, the charging current is dynamically adjusted based on the temperature rise slope, which reflects the trend of temperature rise during charging. This is achieved by dynamically linking the current adjustment with the temperature rise slope of the charging gun head, avoiding the lag control caused by relying solely on a single temperature threshold in traditional solutions. In the second charging stage, after the initial temperature exceedance, the second target current is dynamically calculated using the second preset algorithm, taking into account the target temperature, the current temperature difference, and the real-time status of the liquid cooling system. This stabilizes the charging gun head temperature within a preset range below the temperature limit, avoiding power waste caused by directly dropping to the safe current and maintaining a balance between heat dissipation and charging through continuous feedback. By setting a preset target temperature range, replacing the traditional extreme temperature shutdown logic, and setting the target temperature to a value below the temperature limit, a safe buffer zone for temperature control is provided, compatible with different operating conditions and achieving smooth current transition. Ultimately, this maximizes charging efficiency while ensuring heat dissipation. As can be seen, the charging current in this application is no longer a fixed value, no longer limited to the maximum current or the safe current, but dynamically optimized according to the current rise slope of the gun head temperature or the difference between the current gun head temperature and the target temperature, thus more accurately reflecting the influence of current on temperature. Adjusting the charging current value of the charging gun to charge the vehicle based on the method of this application can reduce the risk of temperature runaway and improve charging efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1A flowchart of a charging method provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This invention provides a flowchart for safety control and monitoring during the charging process;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the temperature rise corresponding to a charging method provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of the algorithm involved in a charging method provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a charging device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The core of this invention is to provide a charging method, device, equipment, storage medium, and charging gun, which solves the problems of sudden drop in charging current and temperature control imbalance through a phased dynamic adjustment mechanism.

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] To solve the above technical problems, such as Figure 1 This invention provides a charging method for use in charging stations, which include a charging gun and a liquid cooling system. Figure 2 In this context, the temperature limit is A, the target temperature is B, and the steady-state adjustment range represents the preset range of the target temperature. Charging methods include:

[0035] S11: Obtain the temperature of the charging gun head during the current charging sampling cycle;

[0036] Specifically, a temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple or thermistor) can be integrated into the charging gun head to collect real-time temperature data of the gun head during the current charging sampling cycle. The charging sampling cycle is a pre-set fixed time interval used to periodically monitor temperature changes during the charging process, ensuring the real-time nature and continuity of temperature data. This gun head temperature serves as a parameter for subsequent stage division (first charging stage or second charging stage), ensuring that the control algorithm dynamically adjusts the charging current and liquid cooling system state based on accurate temperature data, thereby avoiding control failures caused by temperature detection lag or errors in traditional solutions.

[0037] S12: Determine if the nozzle temperature has reached the temperature limit for the first time;

[0038] S13: If not, determine that the current stage is the first charging stage;

[0039] S14: If yes, determine that the current charging stage is the second charging stage;

[0040] Specifically, this embodiment sets a preset temperature limit as a critical condition, compares the current charging gun head temperature with this temperature limit in real time, and combines it with historical temperature data records (such as whether the limit has been reached or exceeded) to determine whether the current temperature limit has been reached for the first time. "Reaching the temperature limit for the first time" means that the charging gun head temperature rises to the preset safety threshold, i.e., the temperature limit, for the first time within the current sampling period. Before this, regardless of whether the head temperature is rising or stable, as long as the temperature limit has not been reached, it is considered the first charging stage. This first charging stage focuses on temperature trend prediction and preventative adjustment, dynamically adjusting the charging current to avoid exceeding the temperature limit. Once the head temperature reaches the limit for the first time, it signifies that the charging process has entered the second charging stage. Thereafter, based on real-time temperature feedback and the operating status of the liquid cooling system, the charging current needs to be adjusted to maintain temperature stability.

[0041] The temperature limit can be set as the sum of the target temperature and the maximum overshoot. The maximum overshoot here refers to the maximum extent by which the actual temperature exceeds the target temperature during the system's adjustment to the target temperature.

[0042] As can be seen, this embodiment uses the condition of "first reaching the temperature limit" as a dividing point to divide the charging process into two stages. Before the first reaching (i.e., the first charging stage), the main focus is on early intervention to prevent the temperature from rising too quickly to the dangerous range. After the first reaching (i.e., the second charging stage), the process switches to dynamic balance control based on real-time temperature difference and heat dissipation capacity to ensure that the temperature fluctuates within a safe range. Through this stage division mechanism, the temperature control strategy can be adaptively switched during the charging process, balancing charging efficiency and equipment safety.

[0043] S15: In the first charging stage, the first target charging current is obtained by using the first preset algorithm based on the rising slope of the charging gun head temperature, and in the next charging sampling cycle, the charging gun is controlled to charge the vehicle with the first target charging current.

[0044] Specifically, in the first charging stage before the gun head temperature reaches the temperature limit for the first time, the temperature rise slope (i.e., the amount of temperature change per unit time) is calculated by analyzing the gun head temperature data of the current and historical charging sampling cycles. This reflects the temperature rise trend during the current charging process. Based on this rise slope and the difference between the target temperature and the current gun head temperature, the first preset algorithm dynamically generates the first target charging current for the next charging sampling cycle. Its core is to dynamically correlate the rise slope of the gun head temperature (i.e., the temperature rise trend) with the charging current, so as to adjust the current magnitude according to the temperature rise trend and perform proactive control of the upcoming temperature changes, avoiding the lag adjustment problem caused by relying on a single temperature threshold in traditional solutions.

[0045] Specifically, the first preset algorithm quantifies the relationship between the rate of temperature rise and current regulation. When the temperature has not exceeded the limit but shows a rapid upward trend, it actively reduces the charging current to suppress the temperature from rising too quickly. This ensures that the temperature of the charging head rises at a gradual slope in the subsequent sampling cycles. For example, the slope can approach zero when the temperature limit is first reached. This maximizes the maintenance of charging efficiency while avoiding a sudden temperature rise, providing core algorithm support for the first-stage preventive temperature control strategy.

[0046] S16: In the second charging stage, calculate the first difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature. Based on the first difference and the speed of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system, use the second preset algorithm to adjust the charging current of the charging gun to the second target charging current. In the next charging sampling cycle, control the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the second target charging current.

[0047] When the charging gun is charging with the second target charging current, the temperature of the charging gun head remains stable within the preset range of the target temperature for a preset time period; the target temperature is less than the temperature limit.

[0048] Specifically, once the nozzle temperature reaches the temperature limit for the first time, the second charging stage begins. At this stage, using the target temperature (a safe threshold below the temperature limit) as a benchmark, the charging current is dynamically adjusted using a second preset algorithm. This is achieved by calculating the difference between the target temperature and the current nozzle temperature (the first difference), combined with the real-time rotation speeds of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system (reflecting heat dissipation capacity). The core of this second preset algorithm is to use the temperature difference as a feedback signal, combined with the heat dissipation status of the liquid cooling system, to calculate in real-time a second target current that balances heat dissipation and charging heat generation while keeping the nozzle temperature stable within the preset target temperature range. It is important to understand that in this application, the target temperature is set to a value below the temperature limit, creating a safety buffer zone. This provides time and space for the control system's response, preventing the nozzle temperature from exceeding the temperature limit due to inertial temperature rise after current adjustment or control delays, thus preventing temperature runaway.

[0049] Specifically, by continuously monitoring the temperature difference and the operating parameters of the heat dissipation equipment, the current is dynamically adjusted to avoid power waste caused by directly reducing the current to the safe current. Instead, the temperature is stabilized near the target temperature within a preset time period through adaptive adjustment, forming a dynamic balance between heat dissipation and charging power. This achieves refined control after the temperature exceeds the limit, ensuring equipment safety while maintaining efficient charging to the maximum extent, thus solving the problems of sudden current drop and temperature control imbalance in traditional solutions.

[0050] It is important to understand that the "preset range of target temperature" described in this application refers to a temperature range extending upwards and downwards from the target temperature. The setting of the preset range is related to the required precision. Specifically, when high precision in temperature control is required, the preset range is relatively narrow, allowing the actual temperature to more accurately match the target value; if the precision requirement is less stringent, the preset range will be wider. For example, if the target temperature is set to 90°C, and high precision control is needed, the preset range might be 89.5-90.5°C, strictly limiting temperature fluctuations to a small range; if the precision requirement is lower, the range can become 85-95°C, allowing the temperature to vary within a larger range.

[0051] It's important to understand that this embodiment chooses to control the charging gun head temperature rather than the return fluid temperature. The core reason is that the charging gun head temperature is a key parameter that directly reflects the heating state of the charging contact point during the charging process. It can accurately and in real-time reflect the actual temperature rise at the interface between the charging gun and the vehicle, avoiding the lag and indirectness caused by relying on the return fluid temperature (which reflects the coolant temperature after the overall cooling system has dissipated heat) in traditional solutions. As the direct contact part for power transmission, the temperature change of the charging gun head is directly related to core safety factors such as contact resistance and heat dissipation efficiency. Especially under conditions such as poor contact or abnormal local heat dissipation, the charging gun head temperature will rise abnormally first, while the return fluid temperature may not respond in time due to the circulation delay of the liquid cooling system. By directly monitoring the charging gun head temperature and using it as the basis for stage division and current adjustment, the risk of temperature rise can be predicted and controlled more timely and accurately. This solves the problems of untimely adjustment and temperature control imbalance caused by signal lag in traditional return fluid temperature control strategies, ensuring the safety and efficiency of the charging process.

[0052] In one exemplary embodiment, during the first charging phase, a first target charging current is obtained using a first preset algorithm based on the rising slope of the charging gun's nozzle temperature, including:

[0053] Calculate the second difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature;

[0054] Calculate the third difference between the gun head temperature in the current charging sampling cycle and the gun head temperature in the previous charging sampling cycle.

[0055] The first target charging current is calculated using the first preset algorithm based on the second difference and the third difference.

[0056] When the charging gun is charged with the first target charging current in the next charging sampling cycle, the rising slope of the gun head temperature in the next charging sampling cycle is made less than the rising slope of the gun head temperature in the current charging sampling cycle, and the rising slope of the gun head temperature is zero when the gun head temperature first reaches the temperature limit after several charging sampling cycles.

[0057] Specifically, the principle of calculating the first target charging current through the first preset algorithm in the first charging stage is as follows: First, based on the second difference between the target temperature (a safety control benchmark below the temperature limit) and the current gun head temperature, the deviation between the current temperature and the expected control target is quantified, providing a direction and amplitude reference for current adjustment; at the same time, the temperature rise slope is calculated through the third difference (the temperature difference between the current charging sampling cycle and the previous charging sampling cycle), reflecting the temperature rise rate in real time.

[0058] The first preset algorithm uses these two differences as inputs to construct a two-dimensional control model of temperature deviation and rate of change. By dynamically adjusting the charging current, it ensures that the temperature rise slope in the next sampling cycle is less than the current slope, thereby suppressing the temperature rise trend. The core objective of the first preset algorithm is to use forward-looking current regulation so that when the gun head temperature first reaches the temperature limit after several sampling cycles, its rise slope is exactly zero, meaning the temperature stops rising when it reaches the limit, avoiding the lag of traditional single threshold control.

[0059] As can be seen, this embodiment achieves early intervention in the charging current by combining deviation quantification and trend prediction, which not only avoids the temperature from rising too high, but also ensures that the charging efficiency is maintained as high as possible within a safe range, providing a specific algorithmic implementation path for the preventive temperature control strategy in the first charging stage.

[0060] like Figure 4 The diagram shown illustrates the principle of PID control.

[0061] In one exemplary embodiment, the first target charging current is calculated using a first preset algorithm based on the second difference and the third difference, including:

[0062] The first proportional current term is obtained by proportionally adjusting the second difference based on the first proportional parameter.

[0063] The first integral current term is obtained by integral adjustment of the second difference based on the first integral parameter;

[0064] The third difference is adjusted by differential adjustment based on the first differential parameter to obtain the first differential current term;

[0065] The sum of the first proportional current term, the first integral current term, and the first differential current term is calculated to obtain the first target charging current;

[0066] Calculate the rate of temperature rise of the charging gun head when the charging gun charges the vehicle with the first target charging current.

[0067] The first proportional parameter, first integral parameter, and first differential parameter of the next charging sampling cycle are adjusted according to the rate of increase until the temperature rise slope of the gun head is zero when the temperature first reaches the temperature limit after several charging sampling cycles.

[0068] Specifically, the first target charging current, calculated using the first preset algorithm, can be dynamically adjusted using PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control logic. Specifically, firstly, proportional adjustment (using the first proportional parameter) is performed on the second difference (the deviation between the target temperature and the current nozzle temperature) to generate a first proportional current term proportional to the current temperature deviation, quickly responding to the current temperature deviation. Simultaneously, integral adjustment (using the first integral parameter) is performed on the second difference to generate a first integral current term that accumulates the influence of historical deviations, eliminating the steady-state error of long-term temperature deviations. Then, derivative adjustment (using the first derivative parameter) is performed on the third difference (the temperature difference between the current and previous cycles, i.e., the temperature change rate) to generate a first derivative current term that suppresses the temperature change trend, predicting and slowing down the rate of temperature rise. These three current adjustment terms are superimposed to obtain the first target charging current that comprehensively considers the magnitude of the deviation, historical accumulated deviations, and the temperature change rate.

[0069] Subsequently, by calculating in real time the rate of temperature rise of the charging head when charging with the first target charging current, the PID parameters (first proportional, integral, and derivative parameters) are adjusted in reverse to form a closed-loop feedback regulation. Until the charging head temperature first reaches the temperature limit after several charging sampling cycles, its rise slope is exactly zero, that is, the temperature stops rising when it reaches the limit. This achieves precise control of the temperature rise process, avoiding temperature overshoot and ensuring smooth regulation of the charging current. This demonstrates the specific application of the dynamic optimization and trend prediction mechanism based on the PID algorithm in the first charging stage.

[0070] In one exemplary embodiment, in the next charging sampling cycle, controlling the charging gun to charge the vehicle with a first target charging current includes: determining that the smaller of the first target charging current and a maximum charging current threshold is a first smaller value; and in the next charging sampling cycle, controlling the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the first smaller value. In the next charging sampling cycle, controlling the charging gun to charge the vehicle with a second target charging current includes: determining that the smaller of the second target charging current and a maximum charging current threshold is a second smaller value; and in the next charging sampling cycle, controlling the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the second smaller value.

[0071] Specifically, when controlling the charging gun to charge at the target current, the target charging current (first target current or second target current) calculated by the first / second preset algorithm is safely limited by setting the maximum charging current threshold as a safety boundary.

[0072] Specifically, both the first target current in the first charging stage and the second target current in the second charging stage must be compared with a pre-set maximum charging current threshold, and the smaller of the two values ​​is selected as the actual charging current. The design concept is to establish a protection mechanism between the algorithm-optimized charging current and the maximum safe current allowed by the device. When the target current is less than or equal to the maximum threshold, the corresponding target current is directly adopted to achieve a dynamic temperature control strategy. When the target current exceeds the maximum threshold due to algorithm adjustments (such as temperature rise trend prediction or temperature difference feedback adjustment), the maximum charging current threshold is forcibly used as the upper limit to prevent the charging current from exceeding the device's hardware capacity and to prevent safety risks such as overheating of the charging gun and component damage caused by current overload.

[0073] As can be seen, by using the logic of taking the smaller value in this embodiment, the charging process can be optimized for efficiency based on dynamic temperature adjustment, while always being limited to a safe current range, which reflects the dual guarantee of hardware safety and control strategy effectiveness of the charging system.

[0074] In one exemplary embodiment, after calculating the first difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature during the second charging phase, the method further includes:

[0075] Calculate the fourth difference between the gun head temperature in the current charging sampling cycle and the gun head temperature in the previous charging sampling cycle.

[0076] Based on the first difference and the rotational speeds of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system, the charging current of the charging gun is adjusted to the second target charging current using a second preset algorithm, including:

[0077] The first difference is proportionally adjusted according to the second proportional parameter to obtain the second proportional current term;

[0078] The first difference is integrally adjusted based on the second integral parameter to obtain the second integral current term.

[0079] The second differential current term is obtained by differential adjustment of the fourth difference based on the second differential parameter.

[0080] Calculate the first sum of the second proportional current term, the second integral current term, and the second differential current term;

[0081] Calculate the heat generated by the charging gun when charging the vehicle with the first sum value;

[0082] Calculate the heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system when the fan and water pump operate at maximum speed;

[0083] Calculate the fifth difference between heat generation and heat dissipation, and determine whether the fifth difference is within the preset difference range;

[0084] If not, adjust the second proportional parameter, the second integral parameter, and the second derivative parameter according to the fifth difference until the fifth difference is within the preset range;

[0085] If so, determine the first sum as the second target charging current.

[0086] Specifically, when adjusting the second target charging current using the second preset algorithm, dynamic optimization of the charging current is mainly achieved by constructing a closed-loop adjustment mechanism based on temperature difference feedback and heat dissipation capacity assessment. First, the first difference between the target temperature and the current gun head temperature (reflecting the deviation between the current gun head temperature and the target temperature for safe control) and the fourth difference between the current temperature and the previous charging sampling cycle (reflecting the rate of temperature change) are calculated. Combined with the water pump and fan speeds in the liquid cooling system (characterizing real-time heat dissipation capacity), PID control logic (proportional, integral, and derivative adjustment) is used to adjust the charging current in multiple dimensions.

[0087] Specifically, a second proportional current term is generated by proportionally adjusting the first difference using a second proportional parameter, and a second integral current term is obtained by integrally adjusting the first difference using a second integral parameter to eliminate steady-state errors caused by long-term deviations. A second differential current term is obtained by differentially adjusting the temperature change rate (i.e., the fourth difference) using a second differential parameter to suppress temperature fluctuations. These three terms are then superimposed to obtain the initial adjusted current sum (the first sum). Subsequently, the heat generation of the charging gun is calculated based on this current sum. Combined with the maximum heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system at maximum pump and fan speeds, a fifth difference is used to assess the balance between heat generation and heat dissipation. If the fifth difference exceeds a preset range, the PID parameters (the second proportional / integral / derivative parameters) are adjusted in reverse until the heat generation and heat dissipation are matched within a safe threshold (i.e., the fifth threshold is within a preset range), ensuring that the gun head temperature remains stable within the preset range of the target temperature for a preset time period when charging with the second target current.

[0088] In this embodiment, by combining temperature difference feedback, temperature change rate prediction and liquid cooling system heat dissipation capacity quantification, an adaptive current regulation closed loop is formed. This avoids the power waste of directly reducing to the safe current, and achieves fine control after the temperature exceeds the limit in the second charging stage by dynamically balancing heat generation and heat dissipation, ensuring that the charging process maintains efficient operation under the premise of safety.

[0089] In one exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: calculating the current upward slope of the charging head temperature based on the charging head temperature of the current charging sampling cycle and the charging head temperature of the previous charging sampling cycle; determining whether the current upward slope is greater than a slope limit value; and controlling the charging gun to stop charging if it is greater than the slope limit value. The method also includes: obtaining the return liquid temperature of the liquid cooling system in the current charging sampling cycle; determining whether the return liquid temperature or the charging head temperature has reached a temperature threshold value, where the temperature threshold value is greater than a temperature limit value; and controlling the charging gun to stop charging when the return liquid temperature or the charging head temperature reaches the temperature threshold value.

[0090] Specifically, such as Figure 2 In this embodiment, two safety control measures are also set up to ensure charging safety by constructing a multi-level temperature anomaly response mechanism.

[0091] Firstly, by calculating the temperature difference between the charging gun head in the current charging sampling cycle and the previous charging sampling cycle, the current upward slope is obtained and compared with the preset slope limit. If the slope exceeds the limit (i.e. the temperature rises sharply in a short period of time), it indicates that there may be abnormal operating conditions such as heat dissipation failure or poor contact. At this time, the charging gun is controlled to stop charging to avoid safety risks caused by temperature runaway. This measure mainly focuses on the dynamic monitoring of the temperature change rate to achieve a rapid response to sudden abnormal temperature rise.

[0092] Secondly, the return temperature of the liquid cooling system (reflecting the heat dissipation status after coolant circulation) is acquired and monitored together with the nozzle temperature. When either temperature reaches a temperature threshold (which is higher than the temperature limit in the normal temperature control strategy and belongs to an extreme safety critical value, such as a temperature threshold of 90°C and a temperature limit of 85°C), it indicates that the charging system is in an over-temperature dangerous state (such as a liquid cooling system failure causing a serious decrease in heat dissipation capacity or local overheating of the nozzle). At this time, charging is forcibly stopped. Redundant protection is formed through dual temperature monitoring (direct temperature of the nozzle and indirect temperature of the liquid cooling system) to prevent the failure of a single sensor or the failure of local overheating to be detected.

[0093] As can be seen, in this embodiment, safety barriers are established from two dimensions: the rate of temperature change and the absolute temperature threshold. The former focuses on trend prediction, while the latter focuses on extreme state protection. Together, they ensure that the charging process can be stopped in time when there is an abnormal temperature rise trend or extreme overheating, so as to avoid equipment damage or safety accidents.

[0094] In one exemplary embodiment, it further includes:

[0095] During the first charging phase, the gun head temperature is compared with the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold, and the first temperature threshold < the second temperature threshold < the target temperature;

[0096] If the gun head temperature is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, it is determined to be in the initial charging stage.

[0097] If the first temperature threshold < gun head temperature ≤ second temperature threshold, it is determined that the charging is in the middle stage.

[0098] If the second temperature threshold is less than the gun head temperature, it is determined that the charging stage is in the later stage. The first charging stage includes the initial charging stage, the middle charging stage, and the later charging stage.

[0099] In the initial stage of charging, the charging current of the charging gun is determined as the target demand current, and the duty cycle of the PWM signals of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system is adjusted according to the gun head temperature using a preset formula.

[0100] During the mid-stage of charging, the cooling capacity of the liquid cooling system is maximized, and the charging current of the charging gun is adjusted to the maximum charging current threshold. When the cooling capacity is maximized, the duty cycle of the PWM signal controlling the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system is at its maximum value.

[0101] In the later stage of charging, the first target charging current is obtained by using a first preset algorithm based on the rising slope of the charging gun head temperature.

[0102] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the first charging stage is further subdivided into three sub-stages: initial, middle and late. A graded temperature control strategy is constructed by setting a first temperature threshold (D) and a second temperature threshold (C) (first temperature threshold D < second temperature threshold C < target temperature B < temperature limit A), and the charging power and the heat dissipation capacity of the liquid cooling system are dynamically matched in combination with the temperature range.

[0103] Specifically, in the initial charging stage (gun head temperature ≤ D, i.e., the 0-t0 stage), based on the characteristic of low heat dissipation requirements in low-temperature environments, the charging current is set to the target demand current (the basic current that meets the vehicle's charging needs). At the same time, according to the gun head temperature, the duty cycle of the PWM signals of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system is dynamically adjusted using a preset formula (e.g., Y=Ts+100-T2, where Ts is the real-time temperature and T2 is a fixed value). While ensuring basic heat dissipation, noise is controlled by reducing the speed of the heat dissipation equipment (e.g., reducing the duty cycle to reduce noise when the temperature is low), thus balancing user experience and basic heat dissipation requirements.

[0104] Specifically, during the mid-charging stage (D < gun head temperature ≤ C, corresponding to the t0-t1 period), when the temperature exceeds D but does not reach C, it is determined that the heat dissipation system still has sufficient capacity. Therefore, the cooling capacity of the liquid cooling system is adjusted to the maximum (i.e., the PWM duty cycle of the water pump and fan is set to the maximum value to ensure that the coolant circulation speed and heat dissipation efficiency are maximized). At the same time, the charging current is increased to the maximum charging current threshold to make full use of the heat dissipation potential in the low temperature stage. When the heat dissipation capacity is sufficient, the system charges at the maximum power to maximize charging efficiency.

[0105] Specifically, in the later stages of charging (gun head temperature > C, corresponding to the t1-t2 period), after the temperature enters the sensitive range close to the target temperature, the first preset algorithm (such as PID control) is activated. By calculating the temperature difference between the current and previous cycles to obtain the rising slope, and combining it with the difference between the target temperature and the current temperature, the charging current is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the temperature rises at a gradual slope, avoiding excessively rapid temperature rise in the later stages that could lead to exceeding the limit. This stage provides buffer control for the final stage before the temperature reaches the limit through predictive current adjustment, ensuring that the rising slope is zero when the temperature limit is first reached at t2, achieving a smooth transition from maximizing charging to preventative temperature control.

[0106] As can be seen, in this embodiment, different heat dissipation and charging capacity matching strategies are divided by temperature thresholds. This allows for a balance between noise and basic heat dissipation in the initial stage, maximizing charging efficiency by taking advantage of low temperature in the middle stage, and preventing temperature over-limit through algorithm adjustment in the later stage. This forms a progressive control logic that prioritizes efficiency, buffers transition, and controls temperature safely. It dynamically balances charging power, heat dissipation capacity, and user experience in different temperature ranges, ultimately achieving a safe and efficient charging process.

[0107] In one exemplary embodiment, adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signals of the water pump and the fan in the liquid cooling system according to the nozzle temperature using a preset formula includes: adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signals of the water pump and the fan in the liquid cooling system according to the nozzle temperature and Y=Ts+100-T2; where Y is the duty cycle of the PWM signal, Ts is the nozzle temperature, and T2 is a fixed value.

[0108] Specifically, the higher the gun head temperature Ts, the larger the Y value, which corresponds to a higher PWM duty cycle for the water pump and fan, resulting in faster cooling equipment speed and stronger heat dissipation capacity. Conversely, the lower the Ts, the smaller the Y value, the lower the equipment speed, and the lower the noise. This formula achieves adaptive adjustment of the cooling system by linearly mapping the duty cycle to temperature. In the early stages of charging when the temperature is low (e.g., not exceeding D), the duty cycle is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time temperature to avoid noise generated by the cooling equipment operating at full power. At the same time, it ensures that the heat dissipation capacity increases linearly with the temperature, meeting the basic heat dissipation requirements in the low-temperature stage while improving the user experience through dynamic noise reduction. This reflects a control logic that balances on-demand adjustment, efficiency, and user experience, providing a specific quantitative adjustment method for temperature control strategies in the early stages of charging.

[0109] To solve the above technical problems, such as Figure 5 This invention provides a charging device for use in charging piles, wherein the charging pile includes a charging gun and a liquid cooling system, and the charging device includes:

[0110] The acquisition module 41 is used to acquire the head temperature of the charging gun during the current charging sampling cycle;

[0111] Module 42 is used to determine whether the nozzle temperature has reached the temperature limit for the first time.

[0112] The phase division module 43 is used to determine whether the current charging stage is in the first charging stage if no, and whether the current charging stage is in the second charging stage if yes.

[0113] The first charging module 44 is used to obtain a first target charging current based on the rising slope of the charging gun head temperature using a first preset algorithm during the first charging stage, and control the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the first target charging current in the next charging sampling cycle.

[0114] The second charging module 45 is used to calculate the first difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature during the second charging stage, and adjust the charging current of the charging gun to the second target charging current using the second preset algorithm based on the first difference and the rotation speed of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system, and control the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the second target charging current in the next charging sampling cycle.

[0115] When the charging gun is charging with the second target charging current, the temperature of the charging gun head remains stable within the preset range of the target temperature for a preset time period; the target temperature is less than the temperature limit.

[0116] For a description of the charging device, please refer to the above embodiments; this application will not repeat it here.

[0117] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0118] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0119] A processor for implementing the steps of the charging method as described above when storing a computer program.

[0120] For a description of the electronic device, please refer to the above embodiments; this application will not repeat the details here.

[0121] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the charging method described above.

[0122] For a description of the computer-readable storage medium, please refer to the above embodiments; this application will not repeat it here.

[0123] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a charging gun, comprising the electronic device described above.

[0124] For a description of the charging gun, please refer to the above embodiments; this application will not repeat it here.

[0125] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0126] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A charging method, characterized in that, Applied to charging piles, the charging pile includes a charging gun and a liquid cooling system, and the charging method includes: Obtain the head temperature of the charging gun during the current charging sampling period; Determine whether the temperature of the gun head has reached the temperature limit for the first time; If not, determine that the current stage is the first charging stage; if yes, determine that the current stage is the second charging stage. In the first charging stage, a first target charging current is obtained using a first preset algorithm based on the rising slope of the charging gun head temperature, and in the next charging sampling cycle, the charging gun is controlled to charge the vehicle with the first target charging current. In the second charging stage, the first difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature is calculated. Based on the first difference and the rotation speed of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system, the charging current of the charging gun is adjusted to the second target charging current using a second preset algorithm. In the next charging sampling cycle, the charging gun is controlled to charge the vehicle with the second target charging current. When the charging gun is charging with the second target charging current, the temperature of the charging gun head remains stable within a preset range of the target temperature for a preset time period; the target temperature is less than the temperature limit.

2. The charging method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the first charging phase, a first target charging current is obtained using a first preset algorithm based on the rising slope of the charging gun head temperature, including: Calculate the second difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature; Calculate the third difference between the gun head temperature in the current charging sampling cycle and the gun head temperature in the previous charging sampling cycle. Based on the second difference and the third difference, the first target charging current is calculated using the first preset algorithm; The charging gun is controlled to charge with the first target charging current in the next charging sampling cycle, so that the rise slope of the gun head temperature in the next charging sampling cycle is less than the rise slope of the gun head temperature in the current charging sampling cycle, and so that when the gun head temperature first reaches the temperature limit after several charging sampling cycles, the rise slope of the gun head temperature is zero.

3. The charging method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the second difference and the third difference, the first target charging current is calculated using a first preset algorithm, including: The second difference is proportionally adjusted according to the first proportional parameter to obtain the first proportional current term; The second difference is integrally adjusted according to the first integral parameter to obtain the first integral current term; The third difference is differentially adjusted based on the first differential parameter to obtain the first differential current term; The first target charging current is obtained by calculating the sum of the first proportional current term, the first integral current term, and the first differential current term. Calculate the rate of temperature rise of the charging gun head when the charging gun charges the vehicle with the first target charging current; The first proportional parameter, the first integral parameter, and the first differential parameter of the next charging sampling cycle are adjusted according to the rising rate until the temperature rise slope of the gun head is zero when the gun head temperature first reaches the temperature limit after several charging sampling cycles.

4. The charging method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the next charging sampling cycle, controlling the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the first target charging current includes: The smaller of the first target charging current and the maximum charging current threshold is determined to be the first smaller value; In the next charging sampling cycle, the charging gun is controlled to charge the vehicle at the first smaller value.

5. The charging method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the second charging phase, after calculating the first difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature, the following steps are also included: Calculate the fourth difference between the gun head temperature in the current charging sampling cycle and the gun head temperature in the previous charging sampling cycle. Based on the first difference and the rotational speeds of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system, the charging current of the charging gun is adjusted to a second target charging current using a second preset algorithm, including: The first difference is proportionally adjusted according to the second proportional parameter to obtain the second proportional current term; The first difference is integrally adjusted according to the second integral parameter to obtain the second integral current term; The fourth difference is differentially adjusted according to the second differential parameter to obtain the second differential current term; Calculate the first sum of the second proportional current term, the second integral current term, and the second differential current term; Calculate the heat generated by the charging gun when the vehicle is being charged with the first sum value; Calculate the heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system when the fan and water pump in the liquid cooling system are at their maximum speeds; Calculate the fifth difference between the heat generated and the heat dissipated, and determine whether the fifth difference is within a preset difference range; If not, adjust the second proportional parameter, the second integral parameter, and the second derivative parameter according to the fifth difference until the fifth difference is within the preset range; If so, determine that the first sum is the second target charging current.

6. The charging method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the next charging sampling cycle, controlling the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the second target charging current includes: The smaller of the second target charging current and the maximum charging current threshold is determined to be the second smaller value; In the next charging sampling cycle, the charging gun is controlled to charge the vehicle at the second smaller value.

7. The charging method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Calculate the current rise slope of the gun head temperature based on the gun head temperature in the current charging sampling cycle and the gun head temperature in the previous charging sampling cycle. Determine whether the current upward slope is greater than the slope limit value; If the slope exceeds the specified limit, the charging gun will stop charging.

8. The charging method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain the return liquid temperature of the liquid cooling system during the current charging sampling cycle; Determine whether the return liquid temperature or the nozzle temperature has reached a temperature threshold, wherein the temperature threshold is greater than the temperature limit; When the return liquid temperature or the gun head temperature reaches the temperature threshold, the charging gun is controlled to stop charging.

9. The charging method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Also includes: During the first charging phase, the gun head temperature is compared with a first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold < the second temperature threshold < the target temperature; If the gun head temperature is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, it is determined that the charging is in the initial stage. If the first temperature threshold < the gun head temperature ≤ the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the charging is in the middle stage. If the second temperature threshold is less than the gun head temperature, it is determined that the charging stage is in the later stage. The first charging stage includes the initial charging stage, the middle charging stage, and the later charging stage. In the initial stage of charging, the charging current of the charging gun is determined as the target required current, and the duty cycle of the PWM signals of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system is adjusted according to the gun head temperature using a preset formula. During the mid-charging phase, the cooling capacity of the liquid cooling system is controlled to be at its maximum, and the charging current of the charging gun is adjusted to the maximum charging current threshold. When the cold source capacity is at its maximum, the duty cycle of the PWM signal controlling the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system is at its maximum value. In the later stage of charging, a first target charging current is obtained by using a first preset algorithm based on the rising slope of the charging gun head temperature.

10. The charging method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signals of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system according to the nozzle temperature using a preset formula includes: Based on the nozzle temperature and Y=Ts+100-T2, adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signals of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system; Y is the duty cycle of the PWM signal, Ts is the nozzle temperature, and T2 is a fixed value.

11. A charging device, characterized in that, Applied to charging piles, the charging pile includes a charging gun and a liquid cooling system, and the charging device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the head temperature of the charging gun during the current charging sampling cycle; The judgment module is used to determine whether the temperature of the gun head has reached the temperature limit for the first time; The phase division module is used to determine whether the current charging stage is in the first stage if no, and whether the current charging stage is in the second stage if yes. The first charging module is used to obtain a first target charging current based on the rising slope of the charging gun head temperature using a first preset algorithm during the first charging stage, and to control the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the first target charging current in the next charging sampling cycle. The second charging module is used to calculate the first difference between the target temperature and the gun head temperature during the second charging stage, and adjust the charging current of the charging gun to the second target charging current using a second preset algorithm based on the first difference and the rotation speed of the water pump and fan in the liquid cooling system, and control the charging gun to charge the vehicle with the second target charging current in the next charging sampling cycle. When the charging gun is charging with the second target charging current, the temperature of the charging gun head remains stable within a preset range of the target temperature for a preset time period; the target temperature is less than the temperature limit.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to, while storing a computer program, implement the steps of the charging method as described in any one of claims 1-10.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the charging method as described in any one of claims 1-10.

14. A charging gun, characterized in that, Including the electronic device as described in claim 12.

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