A method and system for improving photovoltaic power absorption capacity based on electric vehicles

Abstract

This invention provides a method and system for improving photovoltaic (PV) absorption capacity based on electric vehicles (EVs), comprising: S1. Modeling the EV connection status and energy evolution; S2. Constructing a lower boundary for the energy of the EV group based on user travel demand; S3. Constructing an upper boundary for the energy of the EV group based on charging power and charging facility capacity constraints; S4. Determining PV absorption capacity and calculating curtailed power by combining the lower and upper energy boundaries with charging pile allocation rules; S5. Generating a dynamic power allocation strategy for charging piles based on the curtailed power, and allocating charging power according to the rated capacity ratio of the charging piles. This invention fully utilizes the energy storage potential of EV onboard batteries, improving PV absorption capacity without adding dedicated energy storage equipment; it ensures that the travel demand of EV users is not affected by energy boundary constraints; the PV absorption capacity has a clear physical constraint basis, making it highly feasible in engineering; and the method has a clear structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic grid technology, and more specifically to a method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid growth of distributed photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity, PV power generation exhibits significant randomness and volatility, making it prone to curtailment during periods of low load. Traditional PV consumption methods mainly rely on grid transmission or the installation of dedicated energy storage devices, but these methods suffer from high investment costs and long construction periods.

[0003] Meanwhile, the number of electric vehicles is growing rapidly, and their on-board power batteries have significant energy storage potential, with charging behavior exhibiting a degree of flexibility over time. However, existing technologies mostly treat electric vehicles as stochastic loads, with limited system modeling research on their energy demand, access time, and charging facility constraints, making it difficult to fully leverage the regulatory role of electric vehicles in photovoltaic power consumption. Furthermore, the photovoltaic power consumption determination and charging control modules are functionally limited, lacking detailed unit division of labor, resulting in insufficient control precision and stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for enhancing photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for improving photovoltaic (PV) absorption capacity based on electric vehicles includes: S1. Modeling the connection status and energy evolution of electric vehicles; S2. Constructing a lower boundary of the energy of the electric vehicle group based on user travel demand; S3. Constructing an upper boundary of the energy of the electric vehicle group based on charging power and charging facility capacity constraints; S4. Determining the PV absorption capacity and calculating the curtailed power by combining the lower boundary, upper boundary, and charging pile allocation rules; S5. Generating a dynamic power allocation strategy for charging piles based on the curtailed power, and allocating charging power according to the rated capacity ratio of the charging piles.

[0007] Furthermore, step S1 specifically includes:

[0008] S1.1, Define the state of energy of the onboard battery of electric vehicle i at time t as:

[0009]

[0010] In the formula, Indicates electric vehicles At any moment Battery energy; Indicates electric vehicles At any moment The state of charge; Indicates electric vehicles The rated capacity of the battery;

[0011] S1.2, Considering charging efficiency and discharge efficiency Subsequently, the energy evolution of electric vehicles over time is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] In the formula, and They represent electric vehicles. At any moment The charging power and discharging power; Indicates the time step;

[0014] S1.3, Set battery capacity constraints:

[0015]

[0016] S1.4, Arrival time of vehicles and departure time Define the vehicle access state function:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, Used to represent electric vehicles At any moment Whether or not it is connected to the system.

[0019] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes:

[0020] S2.1 To ensure users' travel needs, a minimum energy constraint is set for electric vehicle i at the moment of departure:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, Indicates electric vehicles The minimum energy required to meet travel needs;

[0023] S2.2, The lower energy boundary of the electric vehicle group at time t. The lower energy boundary describes the minimum energy storage state that the electric vehicle group can achieve without affecting subsequent travel demand, and is expressed as:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, This represents the minimum allowable energy of the electric vehicle group at time t.

[0026] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes:

[0027] S3.1 Calculate the maximum cumulative charging energy of a single electric vehicle i during the access period:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, Indicates electric vehicles Maximum charging power;

[0030] S3.2 Calculate the upper energy boundary of the electric vehicle group at time t:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, This represents the maximum energy that a group of electric vehicles can achieve at time t under physically permissible conditions.

[0033] S3.3, Constraints on the energy state of the electric vehicle population to satisfy:

[0034] .

[0035] Furthermore, step S4 specifically includes:

[0036] S4.1, Let the predicted photovoltaic output be... The actual photovoltaic power absorption capacity is Then we have:

[0037]

[0038] S4.2. Based on the upper boundary of the energy of the electric vehicle group, the maximum power that photovoltaic power can absorb is constrained as follows:

[0039]

[0040] S4.3, Considering the aggregation of charging stations Its rated charging power is The electric vehicle community is always The maximum available charging power is:

[0041]

[0042] S4.4. Considering the predicted photovoltaic output, the energy boundary of electric vehicles, and the capacity constraints of charging facilities, the maximum absorbable photovoltaic power at time t is:

[0043]

[0044] S4.5. Photovoltaic output exceeding the maximum absorbable power obtained from S4.4 is determined as curtailed power, and its expression is:

[0045]

[0046] In the formula, Indicates time The amount of solar power curtailed.

[0047] A system for enhancing photovoltaic power grid integration capacity based on electric vehicles includes:

[0048] The data acquisition module is used to collect data on electric vehicle access status, battery parameters, travel time, state of charge, photovoltaic output, and rated power of charging piles.

[0049] An energy modeling module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to perform electric vehicle access status and energy evolution modeling;

[0050] An energy boundary construction module, connected to the energy modeling module, is used to construct the lower and upper boundaries of the population energy.

[0051] The photovoltaic absorption determination module is connected to the energy boundary construction module and the data acquisition module, and is used to perform photovoltaic absorption capacity determination and curtailment power calculation.

[0052] The charging control module is connected to the photovoltaic power absorption determination module and the charging pile, and is used to adjust the charging power of the charging pile according to the maximum absorbable photovoltaic power to realize local photovoltaic power absorption.

[0053] Furthermore, the energy boundary construction module includes: a lower boundary construction unit, used to construct the lower boundary of the electric vehicle group's energy based on user travel needs; and an upper boundary construction unit, used to construct the upper boundary of the electric vehicle group's energy based on charging power and charging facility capacity constraints.

[0054] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power consumption determination module includes: a power consumption calculation unit, used to calculate the maximum photovoltaic power that can be consumed by coupling the upper and lower boundaries of energy, the capacity of charging piles and photovoltaic output; a power curtailment determination unit, used to calculate the photovoltaic power curtailment based on the photovoltaic predicted output and the maximum power that can be consumed; and an instruction generation unit, used to generate charging power control instructions based on the calculation results.

[0055] Furthermore, the charging control module includes: a power distribution unit for distributing charging power according to the rated capacity ratio of the charging pile; a charge / discharge regulation unit for adjusting the charging output power of the charging pile in real time; and a boundary constraint unit for constraining the energy of the electric vehicle group to be between the upper and lower energy boundaries.

[0056] Furthermore, it also includes a photovoltaic forecasting module, which is connected to the data acquisition module and the photovoltaic consumption determination module. It is used to integrate meteorological data and historical output to generate photovoltaic forecast output and transmit it to the photovoltaic consumption determination module.

[0057] This invention provides a method and system for enhancing photovoltaic (PV) energy absorption capacity based on electric vehicles. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages:

[0058] 1. Fully utilize the energy storage potential of electric vehicle onboard batteries to enhance photovoltaic absorption capacity without adding new dedicated energy storage equipment;

[0059] 2. Ensure that the travel needs of electric vehicle users are not affected by energy boundary constraints;

[0060] 3. Photovoltaic grid absorption capacity has a clear physical constraint basis and strong engineering feasibility;

[0061] 4. The method has a clear structure and is applicable to distribution networks, microgrids, and integrated energy systems in industrial parks. Attached Figure Description

[0062] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0063] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to the present invention is shown;

[0064] Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic of the system for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] To address the technical problems in the background section, the following method for improving photovoltaic power absorption capacity based on electric vehicles is proposed:

[0068] Combination Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles, comprising:

[0069] S1. Model the electric vehicle access status and energy evolution; This step is used to accurately characterize the electric vehicle access status, battery energy status and dynamic change patterns, clarify the basic constraints of vehicle participation in photovoltaic consumption, and establish a mathematical model of vehicle energy change, providing accurate data and model support for subsequent energy boundary calculation and photovoltaic consumption determination.

[0070] S1.1, Define the state of energy of the onboard battery of electric vehicle i at time t as:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, Indicates electric vehicles At any moment Battery energy; Indicates electric vehicles At any moment The state of charge; Indicates electric vehicles The rated capacity of the battery;

[0073] S1.2, Considering charging efficiency and discharge efficiency Subsequently, the energy evolution of electric vehicles over time is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, and They represent electric vehicles. At any moment The charging power and discharging power; Indicates the time step;

[0076] S1.3, Set battery capacity constraints:

[0077]

[0078] S1.4, Arrival time of vehicles and departure time Define the vehicle access state function:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, Used to represent electric vehicles At any moment Whether or not it is connected to the system.

[0081] S2. To ensure users' travel needs, set the minimum energy constraint for electric vehicle i at the time of departure: This step is used to define the minimum safe threshold for energy storage of electric vehicle group with user travel needs as the core constraint, to prevent the impact of photovoltaic consumption regulation on user vehicle use, to rigidly ensure that the power supply of the vehicle meets the travel needs when leaving the station, and to completely eliminate users' concerns about electricity consumption.

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, Indicates electric vehicles The minimum energy required to meet travel needs;

[0084] S2.2, The lower energy boundary of the electric vehicle group at time t. The lower energy boundary describes the minimum energy storage state that the electric vehicle group can achieve without affecting subsequent travel demand, and is expressed as:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, This represents the minimum allowable energy of the electric vehicle group at time t.

[0087] S3. Construct the upper boundary of the energy of the electric vehicle group based on the constraints of charging power and charging facility capacity; This step is used to combine the physical capacity limitations of batteries and charging piles to define the maximum upper limit of energy storage of the electric vehicle group, ensure the safety and compliance of the charging process, avoid overcharging and charging pile overload, and ensure the physical feasibility of control operations.

[0088] S3.1 Calculate the maximum cumulative charging energy of a single electric vehicle i during the access period:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, Indicates electric vehicles Maximum charging power;

[0091] S3.2 Calculate the upper energy boundary of the electric vehicle group at time t:

[0092]

[0093] In the formula, This represents the maximum energy that a group of electric vehicles can achieve at time t under physically permissible conditions.

[0094] S3.3, Constraints on the energy state of the electric vehicle population to satisfy:

[0095] .

[0096] S4. Combining the lower energy boundary, upper energy boundary, and charging pile allocation rules, determine the photovoltaic absorption capacity and calculate the curtailed power. This step is used to couple photovoltaic output, energy boundary, and charging pile capacity to accurately quantify absorbable power and curtailed power, providing clear numerical basis for charging power regulation and achieving accurate determination of absorption capacity.

[0097] S4.1, Let the predicted photovoltaic output be... The actual photovoltaic power absorption capacity is Then we have:

[0098]

[0099] S4.2. Based on the upper boundary of the energy of the electric vehicle group, the maximum power that photovoltaic power can absorb is constrained as follows:

[0100]

[0101] S4.3, Considering the aggregation of charging stations Its rated charging power is The electric vehicle community is always The maximum available charging power is:

[0102]

[0103] S4.4. Considering the predicted photovoltaic output, the energy boundary of electric vehicles, and the capacity constraints of charging facilities, the maximum absorbable photovoltaic power at time t is:

[0104]

[0105] S4.5. Photovoltaic output exceeding the maximum absorbable power obtained from S4.4 is determined as curtailed power, and its expression is:

[0106]

[0107] In the formula, Indicates time The amount of solar power curtailed.

[0108] S5. Based on the aforementioned power allocation strategy for generating charging pile power from abandoned solar power, allocate charging power according to the ratio of the rated capacity of the charging pile;

[0109] (1) Power allocation rules: The maximum photovoltaic power that can be absorbed is allocated according to the ratio of the rated power of a single charging pile to the total rated power of the charging piles;

[0110] (2) Constraints: The actual output power of a single charging pile is less than or equal to the rated power, and the total energy of the electric vehicle group is maintained between the upper and lower energy boundaries;

[0111] (3) Regulation and execution: The charging control module adjusts the output of each charging pile according to the allocation result, and fully absorbs the available photovoltaic power;

[0112] This step is used to accurately allocate the solar power that can be absorbed to each charging pile based on the curtailed solar power and the capacity of the charging piles, so as to achieve full absorption of solar power output; refine the charging power allocation rules, make full use of the adjustment capability of the charging pile cluster, and minimize the actual curtailment rate without exceeding the energy boundary and equipment capacity; allocate charging power according to the rated power ratio of the charging piles, constrain the output of a single pile to not exceed the limit and the energy of the group to not exceed the boundary, and dynamically match the solar power output to complete the charging regulation.

[0113] Example 2

[0114] like Figure 2 As shown, a system for enhancing photovoltaic power absorption capacity based on electric vehicles includes:

[0115] The data acquisition module is used to collect data on electric vehicle access status, battery parameters, travel time, state of charge, photovoltaic output, and rated power of charging piles.

[0116] An energy modeling module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to perform electric vehicle access status and energy evolution modeling;

[0117] An energy boundary construction module, connected to the energy modeling module, is used to construct the lower and upper boundaries of the population energy.

[0118] The photovoltaic absorption determination module is connected to the energy boundary construction module and the data acquisition module, and is used to perform photovoltaic absorption capacity determination and curtailment power calculation.

[0119] The charging control module is connected to the photovoltaic power absorption determination module and the charging pile, and is used to adjust the charging power of the charging pile according to the maximum absorbable photovoltaic power to realize local photovoltaic power absorption.

[0120] In this embodiment, the energy boundary construction module includes: a lower boundary construction unit, used to construct the lower boundary of the electric vehicle group's energy based on user travel needs; and an upper boundary construction unit, used to construct the upper boundary of the electric vehicle group's energy based on charging power and charging facility capacity constraints.

[0121] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic power consumption determination module includes: a power consumption calculation unit, used to calculate the maximum photovoltaic power that can be consumed by coupling the upper and lower boundaries of energy, the capacity of charging piles and photovoltaic output; a power curtailment determination unit, used to calculate the photovoltaic power curtailment based on the photovoltaic predicted output and the maximum power that can be consumed; and an instruction generation unit, used to generate charging power control instructions based on the calculation results.

[0122] In this embodiment, the charging control module includes: a power allocation unit for allocating charging power according to the rated capacity ratio of the charging pile; a charge / discharge regulation unit for adjusting the charging output power of the charging pile in real time; and a boundary constraint unit for constraining the energy of the electric vehicle group to be between the upper and lower energy boundaries.

[0123] In this embodiment, a photovoltaic (PV) forecasting module is also included. This module is connected to the data acquisition module and the PV consumption determination module. It is used to fuse meteorological data with historical output data to generate predicted PV output and transmit this data to the PV consumption determination module.

[0124] The system in this embodiment works as follows: the data acquisition module collects all data and transmits it to the energy modeling module and the photovoltaic curtailment determination module; the energy modeling module completes vehicle energy modeling, and the energy boundary construction module generates upper and lower boundaries; the photovoltaic curtailment determination module's curtailment calculation unit, curtailment determination unit, and instruction generation unit sequentially complete calculation, determination, and instruction generation; the charging control module's power allocation unit, charging and discharging regulation unit, and boundary constraint unit execute power allocation, output regulation, and energy constraint; the entire process is automated, prioritizing the curtailment of photovoltaic output and reducing curtailment.

[0125] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0126] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles, characterized in that, include: S1. Model the electric vehicle access state and energy evolution; S2. Construct the lower boundary of the energy of electric vehicle groups based on user travel needs; S3. Construct an upper boundary for the energy of the electric vehicle population based on constraints of charging power and charging infrastructure capacity; S4. Combining the lower energy boundary, upper energy boundary, and charging pile allocation rules, determine the photovoltaic absorption capacity and calculate the curtailed power; S5. Based on the aforementioned abandoned solar power generation power dynamic allocation strategy, allocate charging power according to the rated capacity ratio of the charging pile.

2. The method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 specifically includes: S1.1, Define the state of energy of the onboard battery of electric vehicle i at time t as: In the formula, Indicates electric vehicles At any moment Battery energy; Indicates electric vehicles At any moment The state of charge; Indicates electric vehicles The rated capacity of the battery; S1.2, Considering charging efficiency and discharge efficiency Subsequently, the energy evolution of electric vehicles over time is as follows: In the formula, and They represent electric vehicles. At any moment The charging power and discharging power; Indicates the time step; S1.3, Set battery capacity constraints: S1.4, Arrival time of vehicles and departure time Define the vehicle access state function: In the formula, Used to represent electric vehicles At any moment Whether or not it is connected to the system.

3. The method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes: S2.1 To ensure users' travel needs, a minimum energy constraint is set for electric vehicle i at the moment of departure: In the formula, Indicates electric vehicles The minimum energy required to meet travel needs; S2.2, The lower energy boundary of the electric vehicle group at time t. The lower energy boundary describes the minimum energy storage state that the electric vehicle group can achieve without affecting subsequent travel demand, and is expressed as: In the formula, This represents the minimum allowable energy of the electric vehicle group at time t.

4. The method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 specifically includes: S3.1 Calculate the maximum cumulative charging energy of a single electric vehicle i during the access period: In the formula, Indicates electric vehicles Maximum charging power; S3.2 Calculate the upper energy boundary of the electric vehicle group at time t: In the formula, This represents the maximum energy that a group of electric vehicles can achieve at time t under physically permissible conditions. S3.3, Constraints on the energy state of the electric vehicle population to satisfy: 。 5. The method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically includes: S4.1, Let the predicted photovoltaic output be... The actual photovoltaic power absorption capacity is Then we have: S4.

2. Based on the upper boundary of the energy of the electric vehicle group, the maximum power that photovoltaic power can absorb is constrained as follows: S4.3, Considering the aggregation of charging stations Its rated charging power is The electric vehicle community is always The maximum available charging power is: S4.

4. Considering the predicted photovoltaic output, the energy boundary of electric vehicles, and the capacity constraints of charging facilities, the maximum absorbable photovoltaic power at time t is: S4.

5. Photovoltaic output exceeding the maximum absorbable power obtained from S4.4 is determined as curtailed power, and its expression is: In the formula, Indicates time The amount of solar power curtailed.

6. A system for enhancing photovoltaic power absorption capacity based on electric vehicles, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to collect data on electric vehicle access status, battery parameters, travel time, state of charge, photovoltaic output, and rated power of charging piles. An energy modeling module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to perform the electric vehicle access state and energy evolution modeling in step S1 of claim 1; An energy boundary construction module, connected to the energy modeling module, is used to perform the construction of the lower and upper boundaries of the population energy in steps S2 and S3 of claim 1. A photovoltaic absorption determination module, connected to the energy boundary construction module and the data acquisition module, is used to perform the photovoltaic absorption capacity determination and curtailment power calculation in step S4 of claim 1. The charging control module is connected to the photovoltaic power absorption determination module and the charging pile, and is used to adjust the charging power of the charging pile according to the maximum absorbable photovoltaic power to realize local photovoltaic power absorption.

7. The method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy boundary construction module includes: Lower boundary construction unit, used to construct the lower boundary of electric vehicle group energy based on user travel needs; The upper boundary construction unit is used to construct the upper boundary of the energy of the electric vehicle group based on the constraints of charging power and charging facility capacity.

8. A method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power consumption determination module includes: The absorption calculation unit is used to couple the upper and lower boundaries of energy, the capacity of charging piles and photovoltaic output to calculate the maximum absorbable photovoltaic power. The curtailment determination unit is used to calculate the curtailed power of photovoltaic power based on the predicted output of photovoltaic power and the maximum absorbable power. The instruction generation unit is used to generate charging power regulation instructions based on the calculation results.

9. A method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The charging control module includes: A power distribution unit is used to distribute charging power according to the rated capacity of the charging pile. The charging and discharging control unit is used to adjust the charging output power of the charging pile in real time. Boundary constraint units are used to constrain the energy of the electric vehicle group to be between the upper and lower energy boundaries.

10. A method for improving photovoltaic absorption capacity based on electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a photovoltaic forecasting module, which is connected to the data acquisition module and the photovoltaic consumption determination module. The photovoltaic forecasting module is used to integrate meteorological data and historical output to generate photovoltaic forecast output and transmit it to the photovoltaic consumption determination module.

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