A running wheel assembly suitable for large gauge, heavy load and impact resistance

Abstract

This invention provides a running wheel assembly suitable for large-gauge, heavy-load, and impact-resistant applications. It features a wheel assembly frame with two running wheel sets mounted on it, supporting the frame's movement on the track surface. Traction and suspension devices are symmetrically installed at the upper center of the wheel assembly frame. Connecting rod devices are symmetrically installed front and rear at the upper center of the wheel assembly frame. Bearing devices are installed at the four outer corners of the upper wheel assembly frame. A central hole is located at the center of the upper end of the wheel assembly frame. This invention has a compact structure, small size, high load-bearing capacity, reliable impact resistance, reasonable load distribution, high space utilization, strong heavy-load bearing capacity, excellent impact resistance, good mechanical balance, integrated traction and suspension functions, reliable load-bearing function, easy installation and maintenance, adaptability to large-gauge requirements, suitability for complex working conditions, and safety and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of railway bogie technology and relates to a running wheel assembly device suitable for large gauge tracks, heavy loads, and impact resistance. Background Technology

[0002] Existing crash rollover test equipment is mainly used for rollover testing of components such as small cars. The test equipment is mainly composed of components such as a trolley frame, a running wheel assembly, and a traction device.

[0003] Due to the relatively small size and weight of the testing equipment, existing running wheel sets generally adopt automobile axle structures or railway bogie wheel sets. The wheelbase of automobile axle structures is generally 1500mm–1600mm, while the track gauge of railway bogies is generally around 1435mm. Both types of running wheel sets are only suitable for longitudinal transportation of small equipment. However, to meet the testing requirements of rollover tests for large, heavy-duty equipment in collision and rollover tests, the following improved technical solution is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a running wheel assembly device suitable for large gauge, heavy load and impact resistance, and to solve the technical problem that the running wheel assembly devices used in existing collision and rollover test devices cannot meet the rollover test requirements of large and heavy-load equipment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a running wheel assembly device suitable for large gauge, heavy load and impact resistance, having a wheel assembly frame, on which two sets of running wheels are installed, the two sets of running wheels supporting the wheel assembly frame to run on the track surface; traction and suspension devices are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the upper middle part of the wheel assembly frame; connecting rod devices are symmetrically installed front and rear on the upper middle part of the wheel assembly frame; bearing devices are respectively installed at the four outer corners of the upper end of the wheel assembly frame; a central hole is provided at the center of the upper end of the wheel assembly frame.

[0006] In the above technical solution, preferably, the span between the two sets of running wheels is 2 / 3 of the length of the wheel frame, and the two sets of running wheels are set at the same height.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the traveling wheel assembly is a half-shaft structure, and each traveling wheel is equipped with an independent bearing housing.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the bearing housing is further equipped with a bearing lubrication device.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the preferred embodiment is that the bearing housing is formed by machining cast steel parts and combined with a through cover and a closed cover to realize the installation, fixing and sealing of the rolling bearing inside the bearing housing.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably: the running wheel is made of cast steel and the surface of the wheel is hardened by quenching; the tread structure of the running wheel adopts the tread pattern of railway wheel; the running wheel and the wheel axle are installed by interference fit and cold pressing.

[0011] In the above technical solution, further: the central hole is a conical hole structure; the central hole is adapted to the central pin clearance of the trolley frame to prevent the trolley frame from impact displacement while realizing the trolley frame's bounce reset after collision.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the preferred embodiment is an H-beam structure made of steel plates and profiles welded together.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the traction and suspension device further includes a rubber spring structure and is arranged at the forward and backward positions of the running wheel assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the bearing device has a rubber spring structure.

[0015] Advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies:

[0016] 1. The traveling wheelset of this invention operates independently, which is suitable for the needs of large track gauge applications. The half-shaft structure helps to reduce the installation space of the wheelset and improve the stress on the wheelset.

[0017] 2. The traction suspension device of the present invention can release the impact load generated by the collision, and the central cone hole is conducive to the collision reset of the trolley frame.

[0018] 3. This invention has a compact structure, small size, strong load-bearing capacity, and reliable impact resistance; the load is reasonably distributed, the space utilization rate is high, the heavy load bearing capacity is strong, the impact resistance is excellent, the mechanical balance is good, it integrates traction and suspension functions, the load-bearing function is reliable, it is easy to install and maintain, it can adapt to the requirements of large track gauge, it can adapt to complex working conditions, and it is safe and reliable.

[0019] 4. The semi-shaft structure of this invention allows the load borne by the running wheels to be transferred more directly and effectively to the bearing housing, and then from the bearing housing to the wheel assembly frame. This force path reduces energy loss and unnecessary stress concentration during the transmission process, ensuring that the load can be distributed evenly and stably, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the entire running wheel assembly. The semi-shaft structure is simple and compact. The independent bearing housing allows for the selection of bearings of appropriate specifications and performance according to the actual load-bearing requirements of each running wheel, improving the utilization efficiency of the overall load-bearing capacity.

[0020] 5. The central hole of this invention has a conical hole structure, which can be accurately positioned, plays a buffering and guiding role, improves the stability of operation, extends the service life of components, and enhances adaptability.

[0021] 6. The symmetrical linkage device of the present invention can effectively release the impact generated by the collision of the trolley frame; the linkage device absorbs and disperses the impact energy through its own movement, reduces the damage of the impact to the wheel assembly frame and other components, protects the overall structural integrity of the device, and improves the impact resistance and service life of the device.

[0022] 7. The traveling wheel set of this invention enables the device to uniformly transmit traction force during operation, ensuring the straight-line stability of the traveling wheel set on the track and reducing the occurrence of off-center loading and deviation. At the same time, it helps to balance the various mechanical forces experienced by the traveling wheel set during operation, improves the overall mechanical balance of the traveling wheel set, and reduces the risk of failure caused by mechanical imbalance. The traction and suspension device integrates the functions of transmitting traction force and bearing the load of the trolley frame. On the one hand, it can effectively transmit the traction force generated by the power source to the traveling wheel set, driving the device to run on the track. On the other hand, it can also bear the weight of the trolley frame and reduce vibration and impact during operation through appropriate suspension, thereby improving the smoothness of operation.

[0023] 8. The H-beam of the wheel assembly frame of this invention has excellent load-bearing capacity, efficient force transmission and dispersion, high material utilization, good structural stiffness, strong resistance to bending and torsion, high overall structural stability, ensures installation accuracy, strengthens the main load-bearing area and the traction area, enhances the structural load-bearing capacity, and improves the structural fatigue life.

[0024] 9. The rubber spring structure of this invention has the function of efficiently absorbing impact energy, providing continuous buffering, meeting different load requirements, improving running stability, reducing the impact on the track, extending the service life of components, reducing wear, preventing damage, and improving economic efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Running wheel assembly, 2-Wheel assembly frame, 3-Bearing housing, 4-Bearing device, 5-Wheel axle, 6-Traction and suspension device, 7-Center hole, 8-Linkage device. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1-4The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] A running wheel assembly suitable for large gauge tracks and heavy-load impact resistance includes a wheel assembly frame 2. To reduce track surface load and wheel pressure, two sets of running wheels 1 are installed on the wheel assembly frame 2, supporting the wheel assembly frame 2 as it runs on the track surface. Traction and suspension devices 6 are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the upper middle part of the wheel assembly frame 2, which are used to transmit traction force and trolley frame load. Connecting rod devices 8 are symmetrically installed front and rear on the upper middle part of the wheel assembly frame 2 to release the impact generated by the collision of the trolley frame. Bearing devices 4 are installed at the four outer corners of the upper end of the wheel assembly frame 2. A center hole 7 is provided at the center of the upper end of the wheel assembly frame 2.

[0032] It should be noted that this invention has reasonable load distribution, high space utilization, strong heavy load bearing capacity, excellent impact resistance, good mechanical balance, integrated traction and suspension functions, reliable load bearing function, easy installation and maintenance, adaptable to large gauge requirements, adaptable to complex working conditions, and is safe and reliable.

[0033] Two sets of running wheels 1 are installed on the wheel assembly frame 2 to support its operation on the track surface. This layout effectively distributes the load on the track surface and the wheel pressure on each running wheel. Compared with a single running wheel assembly, it greatly reduces local pressure, reduces wear and deformation of the track surface, and improves the service life of the track. It also reduces wear on the running wheels themselves and extends their service life. The wheel assembly frame 2 has traction and suspension devices 6 symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the upper middle section, and connecting rod devices 8 symmetrically installed at the front and rear. The four outer corners of the upper end are respectively equipped with load-bearing devices 4, and a center hole 7 is provided at the center of the upper end. This compact and orderly layout makes full use of the space of the wheel assembly frame, so that the various components can work independently and collaboratively. It integrates multiple functions within a limited space, improving the overall compactness and space utilization of the device.

[0034] The design of the two sets of traveling wheels 1 and the distribution of the load-bearing devices 4 at the four outer corners of the upper end provide the entire device with a strong heavy-load load-bearing capacity. It can withstand large vertical loads, meet the needs of heavy-duty transportation, and ensure the stability and reliability of the device during the transportation of heavy goods, making it less prone to structural damage or operational failures due to insufficient load-bearing capacity.

[0035] The symmetrically installed linkage device 8 can effectively release the impact generated by the collision of the trolley frame. When the device encounters a collision or impact force during operation, the linkage device 8 can absorb and disperse the impact energy through the displacement change of the linkage, reduce the damage to the wheel assembly frame and other components, protect the overall structural integrity of the device, and improve the impact resistance and service life of the device.

[0036] The symmetrically installed traction and suspension devices 6 ensure that the running wheelset can evenly transmit traction force during operation, guaranteeing the straight-line stability of the running wheelset on the track and reducing the occurrence of uneven loading and deviation. Simultaneously, this symmetrical structure helps balance the various mechanical forces experienced by the running wheelset during operation, improving the overall mechanical balance of the running wheelset and reducing the risk of failures caused by mechanical imbalance. The traction and suspension devices 6 integrate the functions of transmitting traction force and bearing the load of the trolley frame. On the one hand, it can effectively transmit the traction force generated by the power source to the running wheelset, driving the device to run on the track; on the other hand, it can also bear the weight of the trolley frame and reduce vibration and impact during operation through appropriate suspension methods, improving operational smoothness.

[0037] The four load-bearing devices 4 installed at the four outer corners of the upper end provide reliable load-bearing support for the device. These load-bearing devices can be designed and selected according to actual needs to ensure that they can bear the weight of the device itself and the transported goods, and maintain stable load-bearing performance during operation.

[0038] The placement of the center hole 7 facilitates the installation, commissioning, and maintenance of the device. During installation, the center hole 7 can serve as a reference point for positioning and installation, improving installation accuracy and efficiency.

[0039] The device design of this invention fully considers the characteristics of large-gauge tracks. Its structural dimensions and layout can adapt to the requirements of tracks with different gauges, exhibiting good versatility and adaptability. Whether in newly constructed large-gauge track lines or in upgrading existing large-gauge tracks, this device can be easily installed and used, reducing equipment replacement and modification costs caused by gauge differences. Due to its strong heavy-load capacity and excellent impact resistance, it can adapt to various complex working conditions, such as heavy-load transportation, frequent starts and stops, and uneven tracks. Under these harsh conditions, the device can still maintain stable operating performance, reducing the probability of failure and improving transportation efficiency and safety.

[0040] In the above embodiments, preferably, to improve load-bearing capacity and operational stability, the span between the two sets of running wheel sets 1 is 2 / 3 of the length of the wheel set frame 2, and the two sets of running wheel sets 1 are set at the same height.

[0041] It should be noted that the above embodiments can evenly distribute the load, enhance structural stability, reduce vibration and sway, improve straight-line driving stability, and ensure smooth operation; increase the anti-rollover moment and enhance lateral stability; and optimize the structural force distribution, facilitating structural design and manufacturing.

[0042] The two sets of traveling wheel sets 1 have a span of 2 / 3 of the length of the wheel assembly frame 2. This layout allows the traveling wheel sets to distribute the weight of the wheel assembly frame and the cargo it carries more evenly. Under heavy loads, the load is not excessively concentrated in one area, but is rationally distributed to the track through the two traveling wheel sets, thereby improving the overall load-bearing capacity of the device and effectively avoiding structural damage or track deformation caused by local overload. The traveling wheel sets 1, with their equal height arrangement, provide a stable support foundation for the wheel assembly frame 2. When bearing vertical loads, the two traveling wheel sets 1 can function simultaneously, keeping the wheel assembly frame 2 balanced in the vertical direction, reducing additional stress caused by inconsistent heights, further enhancing the structural stability of the device under heavy loads, and ensuring the safe and reliable carrying of heavy cargo.

[0043] The reasonable span and equal height settings help reduce vibration and swaying during operation. When the traveling wheel sets 1 roll on the track, due to the moderate span, both traveling wheel sets 1 can maintain good contact with the track simultaneously, reducing vibration caused by uneven force on individual traveling wheel sets 1. At the same time, the equal height settings prevent the wheel set frame from tilting due to height differences, making the device more stable during operation and improving operational safety. This design is beneficial for the device to maintain straight-line travel on the track. During operation, the two traveling wheel sets 1 at equal height can be evenly constrained by the track, reducing the possibility of deviation and deviation. Even when encountering uneven tracks or curved sections, the reasonable span allows the traveling wheel sets 1 to better adapt to track changes, maintain a stable travel direction, and improve the straight-line travel stability of the device.

[0044] The larger span between the two sets of running wheels 1 increases the device's anti-rollover moment. When the device is subjected to lateral forces, such as strong winds, turns, or track tilting, the larger span provides a greater resistance moment, making the device less prone to rollover. The equal-height running wheels also ensure that both sets of running wheels 1 function simultaneously under lateral forces, working together to resist rollover and improving the device's anti-rollover capability. In the lateral direction, the equal-height and reasonably spaced running wheels 1 better maintain the stability of the device's center of gravity. When the device is subjected to lateral impact, the two sets of running wheels 1 can evenly bear the lateral force, reducing lateral tilting caused by excessive force on one side, enhancing the device's stability in the lateral direction, and ensuring safe operation under various complex working conditions.

[0045] It is evident that this design makes the stress distribution on the wheelset frame 2 more rational. During operation, the force on the wheelset frame 2 can be evenly transmitted to the track through the two running wheelsets 1, reducing stress concentration within the structure. Simultaneously, the reasonable span and equal height arrangement avoid fatigue damage caused by uneven structural stress, extending the service life of the wheelset frame 2. From a structural design and manufacturing perspective, the design of the two running wheelsets 1 with a span of 2 / 3 of the length of the wheelset frame 2 and equal height is relatively simple and regular. This design facilitates structural mechanics analysis and calculation by engineers, optimizes structural design parameters, and also reduces the difficulty of the manufacturing process, improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the traveling wheel set 1 is a half-shaft structure, and each traveling wheel is equipped with an independent bearing housing 3 to improve the load-bearing capacity.

[0047] It should be noted that the half-shaft structure allows the load borne by the running wheels to be transferred more directly and effectively to the bearing housing 3, and then from the bearing housing 3 to the wheel assembly frame 2. This clear force transfer path reduces energy loss and unnecessary stress concentration during the transfer process, ensuring that the load is evenly and stably distributed, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the entire running wheel assembly 1. The half-shaft structure is relatively simple and compact, with high structural strength and rigidity. Under heavy loads, the half-shaft is not prone to bending or deformation, providing stable support for the running wheels. At the same time, the independent bearing housing 3 can be individually designed and optimized for the stress conditions of each running wheel, further enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the local structure, enabling the running wheel assembly 1 to maintain a stable operating state under heavy load conditions. The independent bearing housing 3 design allows for the selection of bearings of appropriate specifications and performance based on the actual load-bearing requirements of each running wheel. This flexible selection method ensures that each running wheel can work under the most suitable bearing support, fully utilize its load-bearing potential, avoid the problem of some running wheels being underloaded or overloaded due to uniform selection, and improve the utilization efficiency of the overall load-bearing capacity.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the bearing housing 3 is further equipped with a bearing lubrication device.

[0049] It should be noted that the bearing lubrication system continuously provides sufficient lubricating grease to the bearing, forming a lubricating oil film between the rolling elements and raceways. This oil film effectively reduces direct contact between the two, lowers the coefficient of friction, and thus reduces friction and wear. Under operating conditions of large gauge, heavy load, and impact resistance, the running wheel assembly 1 operates at high speeds and bears heavy loads. Good lubrication can significantly extend the bearing's service life and reduce equipment failures and downtime caused by bearing wear. Bearings generate a large amount of heat during operation. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, the bearing temperature will rise, affecting its precision and performance, and even causing damage. The bearing lubrication system, while providing lubrication, also plays a role in heat dissipation. The circulating lubricating grease carries away the heat generated by the bearing, dissipating it into the surrounding environment through the heat dissipation device, maintaining the bearing within a suitable operating temperature range and ensuring normal operation. The bearing lubrication system can create a relatively sealed environment around the bearing, effectively preventing dust, moisture, impurities, and other foreign matter from entering the bearing. If these foreign matter enters the bearing, it will accelerate wear and corrosion, reducing the bearing's service life. By equipping the bearings with lubrication devices, the protection level of the bearings can be improved, reducing failures caused by foreign object intrusion and enhancing the reliability and stability of the running wheel assembly 1. Centralized or automated bearing lubrication devices can achieve unified lubrication management for multiple bearings, reducing the workload and errors of manual lubrication. Operators can monitor the operating status of the lubrication devices to understand the lubrication condition of the bearings in a timely manner and make adjustments and maintenance as needed. This convenient maintenance management method helps improve the overall operating efficiency of the equipment and reduce maintenance costs.

[0050] In the above embodiments, preferably, the bearing housing 3 is formed by machining cast steel parts and combined with a through cover and a closed cover to realize the installation, fixation and sealing of the rolling bearing inside the bearing housing 3.

[0051] It should be noted that the above embodiments have excellent mechanical properties, precise installation and positioning, reliable fixation, easy disassembly and maintenance, prevent foreign object intrusion, and improve production efficiency.

[0052] Among them, cast steel components possess high strength and good toughness, enabling them to withstand the large loads and complex stresses generated by the running wheel assembly 1 under heavy-load and impact conditions. In the operating environment of large gauge and heavy load, the running wheel assembly 1 is subjected to forces from the track, cargo, and other factors. The cast steel bearing housing 3 ensures that it does not crack or deform excessively under these forces, providing stable support for the rolling bearings and ensuring the normal operation of the running wheel assembly 1. During operation, the bearing housing 3 will experience relative movement with components such as the rolling bearings, resulting in some wear. Cast steel components have good wear resistance, resisting this wear and extending the service life of the bearing housing. Compared with some other materials, cast steel components are less prone to wear during long-term operation, reducing equipment failures and maintenance frequency caused by bearing housing wear, and lowering operating costs. Cast steel components can be processed into various complex shapes through casting processes to meet the structural design requirements of the bearing housing 3. During processing, the dimensional and shape accuracy of the bearing housing 3 can be guaranteed, allowing components such as the through cover and the end cover to be accurately installed and fitted. Meanwhile, the cast steel parts can undergo subsequent machining, such as drilling and milling, to achieve connection and assembly with other components, improving the manufacturing quality and assembly accuracy of the bearing housing 3. During the operation of the running wheel assembly 1, various vibrations and impacts will occur. The cast steel parts have certain vibration absorption properties, which can absorb and buffer these vibrations and impacts, reducing the impact on the rolling bearings and other components. This helps improve the smoothness and reliability of the entire running wheel assembly 1, reducing problems such as component loosening and damage caused by vibration.

[0053] The through cover and the end cover can be precisely machined to the corresponding installation dimensions and positioning structure according to the design requirements of the bearing housing 3 and the rolling bearing. During installation, they can accurately position the rolling bearing, ensuring that the inner and outer rings of the bearing are tightly fitted with the wheel axle 5 and the bearing housing 3 respectively, avoiding problems such as bearing misalignment and jamming caused by inaccurate installation, and improving the installation quality and operating accuracy of the bearing. The through cover and the end cover are tightly connected to the bearing housing 3 by bolts and other connecting parts, which can firmly fix the rolling bearing in the bearing housing 3. During the operation of the running wheel assembly 1, even if subjected to large vibrations and impacts, the through cover and the end cover can ensure that the bearing will not loosen or shift, ensuring the normal operation of the bearing and the stable operation of the running wheel assembly 1. When it is necessary to inspect or replace the rolling bearing, the design of the through cover and the end cover makes the disassembly process relatively simple. Operators can easily remove the through cover and the end cover by loosening the bolts and other connecting parts, thereby conveniently removing the rolling bearing for maintenance or replacement. This easy disassembly feature reduces maintenance time and workload, and improves the maintainability of the equipment.

[0054] The through cover and end cap are typically sealed to the bearing housing 3 using sealing elements such as sealing rings, effectively preventing foreign objects such as dust, moisture, and iron filings from entering the bearing housing 3. In high-gauge, heavy-load, and impact-resistant operating environments, the surrounding environment may be harsh, containing a large amount of dust and impurities. Good sealing performance can prevent these foreign objects from entering the bearing, avoiding wear and corrosion of the rolling elements, raceways, and other components of the rolling bearing, thus extending the bearing's service life. Rolling bearings require lubricating grease during operation to reduce friction and wear. The sealing design of the through cover and end cap prevents lubricating grease from leaking out of the bearing housing, ensuring the bearing is always in a good lubricated state. It also prevents lubricating grease leakage from polluting the surrounding environment, meeting environmental protection requirements. The sealing structure of the through cover and end cap can be designed and selected according to different operating conditions and environmental conditions. For example, in high-temperature, high-humidity, or highly corrosive environments, high-temperature and corrosion-resistant sealing materials and structures can be used to ensure reliable sealing performance. This adaptability allows the bearing housing to operate normally under various harsh conditions, improving the equipment's versatility and reliability.

[0055] Although the initial manufacturing cost of the cast steel parts and the bearing housing 3 equipped with both through and closed covers may be relatively high, in the long run, its high strength, wear resistance, and excellent sealing performance significantly reduce equipment maintenance costs and replacement frequency. This reduces downtime and maintenance costs caused by damage to the bearing housing 3 or bearing failures, improving the overall economic efficiency of the equipment. The reliable design and sealing performance of the bearing housing 3 ensure the stable operation of the running wheel assembly 1, reducing equipment failures. This allows the equipment to operate continuously for extended periods, improving production efficiency. Furthermore, the ease of disassembly and maintenance shortens maintenance time, further enhancing equipment availability and production efficiency.

[0056] In the above embodiments, preferably: the running wheel is a cast steel wheel, and the wheel surface is hardened by quenching; the tread structure of the running wheel adopts the tread pattern of a railway wheel; the running wheel and the wheel axle 5 are installed by interference fit and cold pressing.

[0057] It should be noted that: the surface of the steel cast wheels is hardened by quenching, resulting in high strength and toughness, excellent wear resistance, and good heat treatment performance; the tread structure has good guidance, evenly distributed load, and good compatibility with the track; the cold-pressed assembly of the running wheels ensures reliable connection and precise assembly, avoids the effects of thermal deformation, simplifies the assembly process, and controls costs.

[0058] Cast steel possesses high strength, enabling it to withstand the high stresses generated by the running wheel under heavy loads. Simultaneously, cast steel exhibits good toughness, allowing it to undergo some plastic deformation without immediate fracture upon impact, thus absorbing and buffering some impact energy, reducing damage to the wheel and other components, and improving the running wheel's impact resistance. After quenching and hardening treatment, the wheel surface hardness is significantly increased. During the rolling contact between the running wheel and the rail, the high-hardness surface resists rail wear, reducing the wear on the wheel tread. Compared to ordinary wheels without quenching treatment, quenched and hardened wheels have a significantly extended service life, reducing the frequency and cost of wheel replacement. Furthermore, quenching and hardening treatment forms a dense hardened layer on the wheel surface, which possesses excellent wear resistance and fatigue resistance, effectively preventing defects such as peeling and cracking on the wheel surface, further improving the wheel's reliability and stability. The microstructure and properties of cast steel can be adjusted through appropriate heat treatment processes. Quenching and hardening treatment can give the wheel surface the required hardness and wear resistance. At the same time, tempering treatment can eliminate quenching stress, improve the wheel's toughness and comprehensive mechanical properties, so that the wheel has high hardness, as well as a certain degree of toughness and impact resistance.

[0059] The railway wheel tread pattern, after long-term research and practical verification, possesses excellent guiding performance. When running on large-gauge tracks, the wheel tread maintains good contact and matching with the track, allowing the wheel to travel accurately along the track, reducing contact and wear between the wheel flange and the track side, lowering the wheel flange wear rate, and improving the running stability and safety of the wheel. Simultaneously, this tread pattern can automatically adjust the relative position of the wheel and track when the vehicle passes through curved tracks, allowing the vehicle to smoothly navigate curves and reducing resistance and vibration when traveling on curved sections. The curved shape of the railway wheel tread pattern allows the load to be evenly distributed on the wheel tread and track contact surfaces during rolling. This avoids localized stress concentration, reduces wear on the wheel and track, and extends their service life. Compared to some unreasonable tread shapes, adopting the railway wheel tread pattern can effectively reduce the maintenance costs of the wheel and track. After long-term development and improvement, the railway system's track standards and specifications are very mature, and the running wheels using the railway wheel tread pattern are highly compatible with existing railway tracks, requiring no special modifications or adjustments to the track. This not only reduces the cost of adapting equipment, but also improves versatility and interchangeability, making maintenance and management easier.

[0060] Interference fitting involves making the inner diameter of the running wheel slightly smaller than the wheel axle, and applying pressure during assembly to create an interference fit. This method provides greater connecting friction, ensuring a tight connection between the running wheel and the wheel axle, preventing loosening or relative rotation during operation. Under conditions of large track gauge, heavy load, and impact resistance, reliable connection strength guarantees the running wheel's normal torque transmission, enabling stable vehicle operation.

[0061] Cold pressing is an assembly process performed at room temperature. Compared to other assembly methods such as hot pressing, cold pressing allows for better control of assembly precision. During cold pressing, precise pressure control and assembly techniques ensure the coaxiality and perpendicularity of the running wheel and wheel axle 5, reducing vibration and noise caused by assembly errors and improving the running smoothness and reliability of the running wheel. Hot pressing requires high temperatures, causing thermal expansion of the running wheel and wheel axle, followed by contraction during cooling. This can lead to changes in the size and shape of the parts, affecting assembly precision and connection quality. Cold pressing avoids the effects of thermal deformation, ensuring the dimensional stability of the running wheel and wheel axle, resulting in more reliable performance of the assembled parts. Cold pressing does not require complex heating equipment and processes, making the assembly process relatively simple and convenient. This not only shortens assembly time and improves production efficiency but also reduces assembly costs. Furthermore, cold pressing does not consume energy for heating, meeting energy conservation and environmental protection requirements.

[0062] In the above embodiments, the central hole 7 is further described as a conical hole structure; the central hole 7 is fitted with the central pin clearance of the trolley frame, thereby preventing the trolley frame from impact displacement while realizing the trolley frame's bounce reset after collision.

[0063] It should be noted that the center hole 7 is a tapered hole structure, which can be precisely positioned, plays a buffering and guiding role, improves the smoothness of operation, extends the life of components, and enhances adaptability.

[0064] The tapered hole structure possesses unique geometric characteristics, with its hole walls being tapered. When mated with the center pin of the trolley frame, precise positioning can be achieved between the center pin and the tapered hole. Under conditions of large gauge, heavy load, and impact resistance, the trolley frame is subjected to various complex external forces. The tapered hole structure ensures that the center pin remains in the correct position, providing stable support for the trolley frame and effectively preventing horizontal displacement.

[0065] The center hole 7 and the center pin of the trolley frame are fitted with a clearance. This clearance is not arbitrarily set but carefully designed and adjusted. When the trolley frame is subjected to impact, the appropriate clearance provides a certain buffer space. When the impact force is transmitted, the trolley frame can have a slight displacement within the clearance range, thereby absorbing some of the impact energy, reducing the direct impact on the center pin and the tapered hole structure, and lowering the risk of component damage due to instantaneous overload. At the same time, the existence of the clearance does not affect the positioning and support function of the tapered hole structure for the trolley frame. After buffering, the trolley frame can still return to the correct position under the guidance of the tapered hole.

[0066] The conical hole structure of the central hole 7 undergoes a certain degree of elastic deformation when subjected to the force generated by the collision with the trolley frame. This elastic deformation stores the energy generated during the collision. After the collision force disappears, the conical hole structure releases the stored energy through its own elastic restoring force, pushing the trolley frame back to its original position, achieving bouncing reset. The gap between the central hole 7 and the center pin also plays an important guiding role in the bouncing reset process of the trolley frame. During the bouncing of the trolley frame, the gap provides a relatively free space for movement, allowing it to bounce along a certain trajectory. During the reset process, the conical surface of the central hole 7 guides the center pin back to its original position accurately, ensuring the positional accuracy of the trolley frame after reset. This fit between the gap and the conical hole structure enables the trolley frame to reset quickly and accurately after a collision, reducing problems such as vehicle instability and accelerated component wear caused by inaccurate reset.

[0067] In particular, by preventing impact displacement of the trolley frame and achieving post-collision bounce reset, the conical hole structure and gap adaptation design of the center hole 7 can effectively reduce the vibration and swaying of the vehicle during operation. The stable operation of the trolley frame keeps the overall center of gravity of the vehicle relatively stable, reducing the impact on other parts of the vehicle caused by the movement or bounce of the trolley frame, thereby improving the smoothness of operation.

[0068] The conical hole structure and clearance adaptation design of the center hole 7 reduce wear between the trolley frame and the center pin and conical hole. During displacement prevention and reset, the reasonable force distribution and buffering effect reduce direct hard collisions between components, lowering the wear rate. Simultaneously, stable operation reduces component fatigue damage caused by vibration and impact, extending the service life of the center pin, conical hole, and trolley frame, reducing maintenance costs and replacement frequency; thus enabling the vehicle to better adapt to various complex operating conditions.

[0069] In the above embodiments, preferably, the wheel assembly frame 2 is an H-beam structure made of steel plates and profiles welded together. This structure has strong load-bearing capacity and high rigidity. Some mounting surfaces are machined to ensure installation accuracy, and there are reinforcing structures in the main load-bearing area and the traction area.

[0070] It should be noted that H-beams have excellent load-bearing capacity, efficient force transmission and dispersion, high material utilization, good structural stiffness, strong resistance to bending and torsion, high overall structural stability, ensure installation accuracy, reinforce the main load-bearing area and the traction area, enhance the structural load-bearing capacity, and improve the structural fatigue life.

[0071] The H-beam structure features a unique cross-sectional shape, with its upper and lower flanges and web forming a stable frame. Under conditions of large gauge, heavy load, and impact resistance, when the wheelset frame 2 bears enormous loads from the track, vehicle weight, and cargo, the H-beam can evenly distribute the force across the entire structure. Compared to some solid structures or other simple cross-section structures, the H-beam structure can make more efficient use of materials while ensuring load-bearing strength. By optimizing the cross-sectional shape, it distributes material primarily in the key load-bearing areas, reducing unnecessary material usage. This allows it to withstand greater loads under the same weight, or reduce the weight of the frame while meeting the same load-bearing requirements, thus improving the vehicle's energy efficiency and operational performance. The geometry of the H-beam structure gives it high bending and torsional stiffness. During vehicle operation, the wheelset frame is subjected to forces and moments in various directions, such as bending moments in the vertical direction and torsional moments in the horizontal direction. The flanges and web of the H-beam work together to effectively resist these deformations. Because the H-beam structure is a continuous, integral frame, with each part supporting and constraining the others, the entire wheelset frame possesses high structural stability. Under complex operating conditions, it is less prone to local instability or excessive overall deformation, providing reliable support and a secure mounting base for other vehicle components.

[0072] Some mounting surfaces are machined, which allows for precise control of their dimensions and shape to meet design requirements. In vehicles with large track gauges and heavy-duty impact resistance, the installation accuracy between components is crucial for vehicle performance and safety. Machining also improves the surface quality of mounting surfaces, ensuring they meet required surface roughness. Smooth mounting surfaces reduce friction and wear between components, improving the reliability and durability of the connection.

[0073] The reinforcement of the main load-bearing area and traction zone involves installing reinforcing structures in these areas, such as adding reinforcing plates, using higher-strength materials, or optimizing the structural form. This further improves the load-bearing capacity of the main load-bearing area, preventing fatigue cracks or fractures caused by long-term high loads. The reinforcement structure ensures that the traction zone does not deform or break during frequent traction and braking, guaranteeing the effective transmission of traction and braking forces. The reinforcement structures in the main load-bearing area and traction zone also improve stress distribution in these critical areas, reducing stress concentration. During long-term vehicle operation, these areas are subjected to repeated loads, making them prone to fatigue damage. Reinforcing structures allow for a more even distribution of stress on the frame, reducing the generation and propagation of fatigue cracks, thereby increasing the fatigue life of the wheelset frame and reducing maintenance costs and replacement frequency.

[0074] In the above embodiments, the traction and suspension device 6 further includes a rubber spring structure and is arranged in the forward and backward positions of the running wheel set 1 to transmit traction force; the rubber spring traction and suspension device 6 can effectively reduce the impact of the trolley frame on the running wheel set 1 at the start.

[0075] It should be noted that the rubber spring structure, with its unique elasticity and shock absorption characteristics, can significantly absorb the impact generated by the trolley frame on the running wheel assembly 1 at startup. This shock absorption capability is crucial for protecting the running wheel assembly 1, extending its service life, and improving the overall smoothness of operation. The rubber springs reduce the transmission of vibration from the trolley frame to the running wheel assembly 1, thereby reducing vibration and noise levels during vehicle operation. The traction and suspension device 6 is positioned at the forward and reverse positions of the running wheel assembly 1, enabling stable transmission of traction force. This arrangement ensures effective transmission of traction force, allowing the vehicle to accelerate, decelerate, and travel smoothly. The rubber spring structure possesses a certain degree of flexibility, adapting to traction requirements under different road conditions and load conditions. The rubber spring structure reduces direct hard collisions between components, thereby reducing the wear rate. This helps extend the service life of the running wheel assembly 1 and other related components, reducing replacement frequency and maintenance costs. Rubber materials have excellent fatigue resistance, maintaining a stable state during long-term, frequent compression and tension. This results in a longer service life for the rubber spring structure, further reducing maintenance costs.

[0076] In the above embodiments, the bearing device 4 further includes a rubber spring structure. The rubber spring structure of the bearing device 4, while meeting load requirements, can reduce the impact of the trolley frame on the traveling wheel assembly 1.

[0077] It should be noted that the rubber spring structure has the function of efficiently absorbing impact energy, providing continuous cushioning, meeting different load requirements, improving running stability, reducing the impact on the track, extending component life, reducing wear, preventing damage, and improving economic efficiency.

[0078] The linkage device 8 is used to connect the traveling wheel assembly to the trolley frame. When the trolley frame is impacted by a collision, the rotation of the linkage device 8 can release the impact generated by the collision of the trolley frame and reduce the impact force on the traveling wheel assembly 1 on the traveling wheel assembly.

[0079] It should be noted that when the trolley frame is impacted, the connecting rod of the linkage device 8 rotates rapidly. This rotation is not a simple mechanical movement, but rather a means to disperse the enormous impact energy concentrated on the trolley frame. Compared to traditional rigid connections, where energy is directly and unbufferedly transferred to the running wheel assembly 1 upon impact, easily leading to damage, the linkage device 8, through its rotational characteristics, effectively disperses energy, significantly reducing the peak impact energy borne by the running wheel assembly 1. The rotation of the connecting rod is a gradual process, allowing the impact energy to be released progressively. The rotation of the connecting rod of the linkage device 8 adjusts the relative position and angle between the running wheel assembly and the trolley frame, thus maintaining the overall structural balance. During a collision, the trolley frame may tilt or shift, and the linkage device 8, through its rotation, automatically adjusts the position of the running wheel assembly 1, ensuring it maintains good contact with the track. The linkage device 8 provides a flexible connection method, which, compared to a rigid connection, better adapts to structural deformation and movement. During a collision, the trolley frame and the running wheel assembly may deform to varying degrees. Rigid connections may fail to adapt to this deformation, leading to damage at the connection points. However, the rotation of the linkage device 8 allows for a certain degree of relative movement between the trolley frame and the running wheel assembly.

[0080] The dynamic space, while ensuring connection strength, improves the flexibility and adaptability of the structure, and enhances the overall stability of the structure.

[0081] Furthermore, the running wheel assembly 1 is a critical component for vehicle operation, and its performance directly affects the vehicle's driving safety and efficiency. The linkage device 8 significantly reduces the impact force on the running wheel assembly 1 by releasing the impact generated during a collision with the trolley frame. This prevents problems such as wheel hub deformation, accelerated tire wear, and bearing damage caused by excessive impact force on the running wheel assembly 1. In addition to the running wheel assembly 1, the buffering effect of the linkage device 8 also protects other components connected to the running wheel assembly, such as the suspension system. Because the linkage device 8 can reduce the impact force on the running wheel assembly 1, the vehicle is more stable and safer during operation. By effectively reducing impact force, the linkage device 8 reduces the degree of fatigue damage to components and extends the service life of the entire vehicle equipment.

[0082] In summary, this invention features a compact structure, small size, strong load-bearing capacity, reliable impact resistance, reasonable load distribution, high space utilization, strong heavy-duty load-bearing capacity, excellent impact resistance, good mechanical balance, integrated traction and suspension functions, reliable load-bearing function, easy installation and maintenance, adaptability to large track gauge requirements, adaptability to complex working conditions, and safety and reliability.

[0083] It should be understood that although this specification describes one embodiment, it does not mean that the embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in this embodiment can also be appropriately arranged and combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A running wheel assembly device suitable for large gauge tracks, heavy loads, and impact resistance, characterized in that: It has a wheel frame (2), on which two sets of running wheels (1) are installed, and the two sets of running wheels (1) support the wheel frame (2) to run on the track surface; traction and suspension devices (6) are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the upper middle part of the wheel frame (2); connecting rod devices (8) are symmetrically installed on the front and back of the upper middle part of the wheel frame (2); bearing devices (4) are installed on the four outer corners of the upper end of the wheel frame (2); and a center hole (7) is provided at the center of the upper end of the wheel frame (2).

2. The running wheel assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The span between the two sets of running wheels (1) is 2 / 3 of the length of the wheel frame (2), and the two sets of running wheels (1) are set at the same height.

3. The running wheel assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The running wheel assembly (1) is a half-shaft structure, and each running wheel is equipped with an independent bearing housing (3).

4. The running wheel assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bearing housing (3) is equipped with a bearing lubrication device.

5. The running wheel assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bearing housing (3) is made of cast steel and combined with a through cover and a closed cover to realize the installation, fixing and sealing of the rolling bearing inside the bearing housing (3).

6. The running wheel assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The running wheel is made of cast steel and the surface of the wheel is hardened by quenching; the tread structure of the running wheel adopts the tread pattern of railway wheel; the running wheel and the wheel axle (5) are installed by interference fit and cold pressing.

7. The running wheel assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central hole (7) is a conical hole structure; the central hole (7) is adapted to the central pin gap of the trolley frame to prevent the trolley frame from impact displacement and realize the jumping reset of the trolley frame after collision.

8. The running wheel assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel assembly frame (2) is an H-beam structure made of steel plates and profiles welded together.

9. The running wheel assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction and suspension device (6) has a rubber spring structure and is arranged in the forward and backward positions of the running wheel assembly (1).

10. The running wheel assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing device (4) has a rubber spring structure.

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