Floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan posture

Abstract

This invention discloses a floating anti-scour wind turbine foundation with self-correcting wind turbine attitude, belonging to the field of wind turbine foundation adjustment and anti-scour technology. It includes a wind turbine float ring seat, with multiple float support frames fixedly connected to the inner side of the float ring seat. A multi-functional protective component is installed between the multiple float support frames. An anchoring and limiting component is installed at the bottom end of the wind turbine float ring seat. The multi-functional protective component includes a stabilizer fixedly installed between the multiple float support frames. This facilitates adaptive protection based on wave size during floating wind turbine float adjustment, preventing the wind turbine float from repeatedly impacting the water surface due to wave movement, thus preventing damage to the foundation. Furthermore, it provides multi-directional buffering for the float and wind turbine's swaying and tilting during wave fluctuations, effectively ensuring wind turbine balance and preventing the risk of overturning. This further improves the overall effectiveness and quality of the new floating wind turbine float adjustment mechanism for offshore power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wind turbine foundation adjustment and scour prevention technology, specifically relating to a floating scour prevention wind turbine foundation with self-correcting wind turbine posture. Background Technology

[0002] Unlike traditional fixed offshore wind turbines, "floating wind turbines" replace fixed foundations with floating foundations. The floating turbine body is the main body that floats on the sea and is anchored to the seabed with anchor chains. This design allows wind turbines to operate stably in complex environments such as deep seas, while avoiding the occupation of land resources. For example, the world's first typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine, the "Three Gorges Leading Ship," adopts this floating design. Its foundation platform is connected to the seabed through anchorages, allowing the floating body and turbine to "float" on the sea surface, maintaining stability even during typhoons and ensuring a continuous supply of wind power.

[0003] Currently, the existing floating adjustment mechanisms for new types of offshore wind turbines have the following shortcomings in use: Due to the unpredictable weather at sea, the height and period of waves affect the turbine's floating height. When the waves are high, the buoyancy of the turbine changes significantly, causing the float to continuously impact the water surface under the influence of waves, which can easily lead to damage. Furthermore, the wind force affects the turbine's rotation speed and direction, thus influencing its buoyancy and floating height. Strong winds can cause the turbine to tilt, increasing the risk of capsizing.

[0004] Chinese patent application number CN202410133476.6, entitled "Method and Apparatus for Leveling and Correcting Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations," describes a method comprising low-pressure grouting and drainage and high-pressure grouting and correction processes, implemented by an offshore wind turbine cylindrical foundation leveling and correction device. The low-pressure grouting and drainage process includes determining the grout volume and grouting; the high-pressure grouting and correction process includes high-pressure grouting, negative pressure extraction, and leveling. This application is applicable to precise leveling of offshore wind turbine cylindrical foundations after sinking and installation, and also to correction of unexpected tilting of cylindrical foundations during normal operation. However, this adjustment and correction device cannot be applied to floating foundations.

[0005] Chinese patent application number CN202411242069.5, entitled "Anti-scour system for offshore wind turbine foundations," effectively resists the direct impact of ocean currents on flexible formwork bags through a sliding buffer frame. It also utilizes vacuum degassing and water pressure assistance to ensure a tight bond between the concrete-filled flexible formwork bags and the seabed, maintaining a close fit between the flexible formwork bags and the concrete to prevent air bubbles and improve the scour resistance of the wind turbine foundations. However, this application cannot solve the problem of scour and other damage to floating wind turbine foundations caused by high wave heights. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan attitude, in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a floating anti-scour wind turbine foundation with self-correcting wind turbine attitude, which solves the problems of: the floating body of existing new floating wind turbines for offshore power generation being easily damaged by large waves, and the risk of the wind turbine tilting and capsizing.

[0008] Specifically, this invention provides a floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan attitude, comprising: The wind turbine float ring seat has multiple float support frames fixedly connected to its inner ring. A protective assembly is installed between these float support frames. An anchoring and limiting assembly is installed at the bottom of the wind turbine float ring seat. The protective assembly includes a stabilizer fixedly installed between the multiple float support frames. A hydraulic actuator is installed at the upper end of the stabilizer. A rocker arm is movably installed inside the hydraulic actuator. A center of gravity hydraulic control assembly is fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the hydraulic actuator. The center of gravity hydraulic control assembly includes a guide ring fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the hydraulic actuator. Multiple hydraulic valve seats are equidistantly installed on the outer surface of the guide ring. A hydraulic expansion joint is installed at the upper end of each hydraulic valve seat. A wind turbine ball seat is installed at the upper end of each hydraulic expansion joint. Multiple first and second protective plates are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the stabilizer. The first and second protective plates are staggered. A steering control assembly is rotatably installed between the multiple float support frames. A hydraulic bladder buoyancy assembly is installed at the bottom of the stabilizer.

[0009] Preferably, the anchoring and limiting assembly includes multiple universal sleeves that are equidistantly installed on the lower surface of the wind turbine float ring seat. The inner sides of the multiple universal sleeves are movably connected to a reinforcing anchor chain, and the bottom end of the reinforcing anchor chain is hinged to a positioning anchor seat.

[0010] Preferably, the fan ball seat is movably connected to the rocker arm.

[0011] Preferably, the steering control assembly includes a transition frame rotatably connected to the outer surfaces of multiple first protective plates and second protective plates. A linkage frame is rotatably connected to the inner side of each of the multiple transition frames. A pin is rotatably connected to the lower part of the linkage frame. A traction bar is rotatably connected to the outer surface of each of the multiple pins. An abutment clip is provided on the outer surface of the traction bar.

[0012] Preferably, multiple reinforcing rib shafts are rotatably connected to the middle of multiple floating support frames, and a limiting pressure plate is fixedly connected to one end of each of the multiple reinforcing rib shafts. A guide rotating cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each of the multiple limiting pressure plates.

[0013] Preferably, each of the outer surfaces of the multiple guide drums has two openings, and the traction strips are interspersed and movable with the two openings.

[0014] Preferably, the hydraulic bladder buoyancy assembly includes a balance column installed at the bottom of the stabilizer, a mounting plate is slidably fitted on the outer surface of the balance column, a self-adjusting bladder is fitted on the outer surface of the balance column and above the mounting plate, and a displacement limiting component is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting plate.

[0015] Preferably, the displacement limiting component includes multiple guide rods that are fixedly connected at equal intervals in a ring to the outer surface of the mounting plate. Each of the multiple guide rods has a U-shaped limiting rail fixedly connected to one end away from the other. The multiple U-shaped limiting rails are slidably engaged with the traction bar and are used in conjunction with the contact clip.

[0016] Preferably, a mounting post is installed on the upper end of the fan ball seat, and a fastening sleeve is fixedly fitted on the outer surface of the mounting post.

[0017] Preferably, the outer surface of the mounting column is fixedly fitted with a coinciding pressure plate, which is used in conjunction with multiple first protective plates and second protective plates.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This solution utilizes the oscillation of the wind turbine ball seat under force, which in turn drives the hydraulic expansion joints in multiple center-of-gravity hydraulic control components to reciprocate and extend, pushing the internal hydraulic oil to the hydraulic valve seat. This action ensures that the wind turbine is protected from damage to the ball seat due to hard swaying under the action of wind and waves, and drives the rocker arm to move within the hydraulic valve seat, so that all the hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the stabilizer, further supporting the self-adjusting bladder. When the self-adjusting bladder reaches a certain size, it can generate a large buoyancy, allowing the self-adjusting bladder to slide and rise outside the balance column. When the wind and waves are not large, the pressure inside the self-adjusting bladder will counteract the hydraulic pressure in the above action, keeping the wind turbine ball seat balanced. This is beneficial for the floating wind turbine to adapt to the size of the wind and waves when adjusting the float, avoiding repeated impacts of the wind turbine float on the water surface and preventing damage to the wind turbine.

[0019] 2. This solution involves the self-adjusting balloon rising, which in turn drives the mounting plate to rise synchronously. This, in turn, drives multiple guide rods to rise synchronously. As the guide rods move, they cause the U-shaped limit rails to move closer and upward. During this movement, they engage with the contact clips in the traction bar, further driving the traction bar to move continuously. During this movement, the guide rods slide upward and rotate at a predetermined angle in the opening and closing slots on the guide drum, then drive the pin shaft to move, causing the linkage frame to follow suit. After the transition frame moves, multiple first and second protective plates rotate on the outer surface of the stabilizer. The first and second protective plates stop after rotating around the stabilizer at a predetermined angle. All the first and second protective plates overlap with the overlapping pressure plate, thus encasing and protecting the wind turbine's ball seat. This helps to buffer the floating body and the wind turbine's swaying and tilting in the fluctuations of the waves, effectively ensuring the wind turbine's balance and preventing the risk of the wind turbine capsizing. This further improves the overall effectiveness and quality of the new type of floating wind turbine floating body adjustment mechanism for offshore power generation.

[0020] 3. This solution automatically releases internal pressure through a self-adjusting balloon, causing the mounting plate to descend and guide the inclined rod to move. After the guide rod descends, it causes the U-shaped limit rail to descend, causing the contact head on the traction bar to lose thrust. This, in turn, causes the pin shaft and the linkage frame to move, further allowing the first and second protective plates to rotate and open around the stabilizer. At the same time, the traction bar slides in the opening and closing, causing the guide drum to rotate, which in turn causes the reinforcing rib shaft to rotate on the float support frame. This action can be converted into electrical energy by installing a hydraulic power generation device, so that when the waves cause the first and second protective plates to rotate, the hydraulic energy can be converted into electrical energy, increasing the power generation method of the wind turbine and increasing the power generation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the central protective component; Internal structure diagram. Figure 4 This is the invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the central protective component; Figure 5 This is the invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle anchoring and limiting component structure; Figure 6 This is the invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central control component structure; Figure 7 This is the invention Figure 2 Mid-side view structural schematic diagram; Figure 8 This is the invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 9 This is the invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 10 This is the invention Figure 1 Mid-top view of the structure; Figure 11 This is a simplified numerical calculation model of the wind turbine floating body adjustment structure in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the model imported into ANSYS in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the mooring system establishment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the response curve of the buoyant sway motion in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a graph showing the response curve of the buoy's pitching motion in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Wind turbine float ring seat; 2. Float support frame; 3. Reinforcing anchor chain; 4. Positioning anchor seat; 551. Anchoring limit assembly; 552. Protective assembly; 553. Orientation control assembly; 554. Displacement limiting assembly; 555. Hydraulic bladder buoyancy assembly; 556. Center of gravity hydraulic control assembly; 6. Guide diagonal rod; 7. Linkage frame; 8. First protective plate; 9. Second protective plate; 10. Overlapping pressure plate; 11. Mounting column; 12. Fastening sleeve; 13. Universal sleeve; 14. Balance column; 15. Traction bar; 16. Mounting plate; 17. Self-adjusting ball bearing; 18. Fan ball bearing; 19. Rocker arm; 20. Hydraulic actuator; 21. Hydraulic valve seat; 22. Stabilizer; 23. Limiting pressure plate; 24. Reinforcing rib shaft; 25. Guide cylinder; 26. Adapter frame; 27. U-shaped limit rail; 33. Opening and closing port; 35. Hydraulic expansion joint; 36. Guide ring; 38. Pin shaft; 39. Contact clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1: As Figures 1-15 As shown, the floating anti-scour wind turbine foundation with self-correcting wind turbine attitude solves the problems of existing floating wind turbine floats used for new offshore power generation. Due to the changeable weather at sea, the height and period of the waves affect the floating height of the wind turbine. When the wave height is large, the buoyancy of the wind turbine will also change significantly. As a result, the float will continuously hit the water surface under the action of the waves after the change in the floating height of the wind turbine, which is very easy to damage the float. In addition, the wind force affects the speed and direction of the wind turbine's rotation, thus affecting the buoyancy and floating height of the wind turbine. Once the wind force is large, it will cause the wind turbine to tilt, increasing the risk of capsizing.

[0024] Furthermore, when the waves are high, they can cause erosion and other damage to the wind turbine foundation. The existing anti-erosion methods for wind turbine foundations are mostly designed for fixed wind turbine foundations and cannot be used for floating foundations.

[0025] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] Specifically, it includes: wind turbine float ring seat 1, which is hollow inside and serves as a float to support the upper wind turbine structure to float on the water surface. Due to the large internal cavity, it needs to be filled with ballast water. On the one hand, it can lower the overall center of gravity of the wind turbine structure, and on the other hand, it can use ballast water to maintain stability. The ring structure makes it have good resistance to any wave direction.

[0027] Because of the large internal cavity of the wind turbine's floating ring, it is necessary to divide the ring into different compartments and fill / drain appropriate amounts of ballast water for each compartment or area during design and actual use. Statistical data shows that when the internal cavity of the wind turbine's floating ring is filled with approximately 30% to 40% ballast water, its overall center of gravity can be lowered by about 20% to 30%. This design strategy effectively lowers the overall center of gravity of the wind turbine structure, making it more stable. As is well known, lowering the center of gravity significantly improves structural stability, especially in marine environments where wind turbines face constantly changing wind forces and wave impacts. Lowering the center of gravity reduces the risk of capsizing and enhances the wind turbine's resilience.

[0028] On the other hand, ballast water also plays a role in maintaining stability during wind turbine operation. The weight and distribution of ballast water can be adjusted according to actual needs, thus flexibly regulating the stability of the wind turbine. During wind turbine startup and shutdown, or in the event of sudden changes in wind speed, ballast water helps maintain the turbine's balance, preventing violent swaying caused by changes in external forces. Studies have shown that the response time of ballast water regulation systems is typically between a few seconds and a few minutes, enabling rapid adaptation to changes in external conditions and ensuring the stability of the wind turbine.

[0029] Ballast water adjustment is one of the core aspects of wind turbine stability and safety control. By dynamically adjusting the distribution and weight of ballast water, the wind turbine can adapt to different environmental conditions and operating states. The following explains the strategies for adjusting ballast water in several situations that may be encountered during the use of this device: When meteorological data and marine monitoring systems detect an impending typhoon, the relevant backend monitoring systems can monitor and warn of the typhoon's path and intensity in advance, and control the redistribution of ballast water. This can be achieved by pumping water from the top ballast tank into the bottom compartments to lower the overall center of gravity; additional ballast water can be injected into the outer water tanks of the annular structure (extended from the outer side of the wind turbine float ring 1) to enhance resistance to lateral waves. Dynamic leveling is also possible by using sensors deployed on the device to monitor the tilt angle of the tower or the entire device in real time, adjusting the water level difference between compartments (for example, increasing the water volume in the tanks on the opposite side when a tilt in the downwind direction is detected).

[0030] When a floating wind turbine encounters sudden changes in ocean currents and waves, real-time adjustments to cope with extreme sea conditions can be made through an intelligent control system. When the motion sensor on the floating body detects a pitch angle exceeding 1.5° (reaching the preset pitch angle), the adjustment program is triggered. The system pumps water from the central ballast tank into the lateral stabilizing tank, while simultaneously adjusting the water levels in the fore and aft tanks to counteract the pitch motion. This achieves coordinated adjustment across multiple tanks. Furthermore, auxiliary ballast pumps can be activated to increase the adjustment speed and prevent structural overload due to response delays.

[0031] Ballast water management is carried out during installation and maintenance. When installing wind turbine foundations in offshore wind farms, the equipment needs to be hoisted and transported from the port by transport ships. During transportation, ballast water can be filled into the water-filling chambers, and valves can be used to isolate different chambers to prevent water from flowing freely due to swaying during transportation.

[0032] During assembly, controlling the filling and draining of ballast water ensures the overall safety of the unit. High-pressure pumps can also be used to quickly adjust the water level in local compartments, compensating for structural stress caused by changes in the center of gravity. This helps prevent structural deformation or excessive weld stress.

[0033] When a wind turbine experiences yaw failure due to a blade control system malfunction during operation, it continuously withstands unidirectional wind force. In this situation, the operator can remotely pump water from the downwind ballast chamber into the upwind chamber via the control system to counteract the wind torque; alternatively, they can close the connecting valves of some chambers to create an asymmetrical counterweight, forcibly adjusting the turbine's orientation. Emergency ballast water can also be injected into the turbine's floating ring seat 1 to increase anti-overturning moment. Before the fault is repaired, the turbine's structural stress remains within a safe range, preventing collapse or blade damage.

[0034] When an offshore wind farm faces different sea ice and wave conditions in winter and summer, the bottom ballast water volume can be increased in winter to increase the overall draft of the wind turbine and avoid the impact of sea ice on the bottom of the tower. Antifreeze mixed with ballast water is injected into the compartment in the wind turbine float ring seat 1 to prevent low temperature freezing from affecting the regulation function.

[0035] In summer, the water volume in the compartments can be optimized to lower the center of gravity to cope with stronger winds; the tower shadow effect can be reduced by adjusting the ballast water distribution (for example, adjusting the water levels in the fore and aft compartments to minimize the tower's shadow sway under the prevailing wind direction).

[0036] Furthermore, the annular structure design of the wind turbine's floating ring is another guarantee of its stability. This design allows the wind turbine to provide excellent resistance to waves from any direction. The annular structure can evenly distribute external forces, enabling the wind turbine to maintain a good posture when subjected to forces from different directions. Therefore, in the complex and ever-changing marine environment, wind turbines with annular structures can operate steadily and are not easily affected by environmental factors.

[0037] Ballast water and annular structure design are key to the safe and efficient operation of wind turbines in marine environments. Through the combination of these two elements, wind turbines can not only perform exceptionally well in stable environments, but also maintain their reliability and stability in complex and variable environments.

[0038] Multiple floating support frames 2 are fixedly connected to the inner ring of the wind turbine's floating body ring 1. These floating support frames 2 connect the balance column and the mounting column, and the support structure disperses the load transmitted from the wind turbine. This structure is similar to the general structure of a wheel; the floating support frames 2 are analogous to wheel spokes, and the balance column and mounting column are analogous to the wheel's axle. This structure provides stability and effectively disperses the load from the upper wind turbine. Figure 2 As shown.

[0039] The floating support frame 2 is arranged around the hydraulic actuator 20. The floating support frame 2 is radially distributed with the hydraulic actuator 20 as the center. The floating support frame 2 has two forms: a long floating support frame and a short floating support frame. The long floating support frame and the short floating support frame are distributed at intervals. The long floating support frame is connected to the wind turbine floating ring seat 1, and the short floating support frame is connected to a part of the directional control component 553.

[0040] The protective component 552 is installed in the middle of the surrounding floating support frame 2.

[0041] The protective assembly 552 includes a stabilizer 22 fixedly installed between multiple floating support frames 2. The stabilizer 22 is used to smoothly deliver high-energy hydraulic oil. A hydraulic actuator 20 is installed at the upper end of the stabilizer 22. The hydraulic actuator 20 is used to convert the motion of the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic actuator 20 into the hydraulic energy of the hydraulic oil. A rocker arm 19 is movably arranged inside the hydraulic actuator 20. The rocker arm 19 is used to connect the fan ball seat 18 and the hydraulic actuator 20. The rocker arm 19 is connected to the hydraulic actuator 20 by a universal ball joint, so that when the fan ball seat 18 tilts, it can drive the rocker arm 19 to tilt and squeeze the hydraulic oil to transmit it to the stabilizer 22.

[0042] A center-of-gravity hydraulic control assembly 556 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the hydraulic actuator 20. The center-of-gravity hydraulic control assembly 556 includes a guide ring 36 fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the hydraulic actuator 20. The guide ring 36 is used for the stable flow and transmission of hydraulic oil within the hydraulic system. Multiple hydraulic valve seats 21 are equidistantly mounted annularly on the outer surface of the guide ring 36. The hydraulic valve seats 21 are used to convert the motion of the hydraulic expansion joint into high-energy hydraulic oil. Hydraulic expansion joints 35 are mounted on the upper ends of each of the multiple hydraulic valve seats 21. The hydraulic expansion joints 35 are used to convert the pressure force generated by the tilting motion of the fan ball seat into the extension and retraction motion of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby storing energy in the hydraulic oil.

[0043] Multiple hydraulic expansion joints 35 are connected at their upper ends to a fan ball seat 18, which is used to transfer the load when the upper fan tilts. Due to its flat, arc-shaped bottom, when the waves are large and the upper fan tilts, it can tilt the fan ball seat, compressing a hydraulic cylinder, which in turn causes the self-adjusting ball bladder to expand under the action of the hydraulic system. Due to the large buoyancy, the self-adjusting ball bladder rises, driving the guide rod to rise, which in turn causes the protective plate to close. The fan ball seat 18 is movably connected to the rocker arm 19.

[0044] The outer surface of the stabilizer 22 is rotatably connected with multiple first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9. The first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9 are staggered and complementary to each other, avoiding the incomplete closure caused by the spherical structure. The protective plates close and close when the waves are large to protect the fan base.

[0045] An anchoring and limiting assembly 551 is installed at the bottom of the wind turbine floating ring seat 1. The anchoring and limiting assembly 551 includes multiple universal sleeves 13 equidistantly arranged on the lower surface of the wind turbine floating ring seat 1. The reinforcing anchor chain 3 connected to the universal sleeves 13 is a flexible structure that is prone to torsion. When torsion occurs, the universal sleeves 13 can release the reinforcing anchor chain, preventing it from being in a torsion state. Furthermore, the wind turbine floating ring seat 1 will rotate with the waves, allowing the reinforcing anchor chain to adjust its orientation automatically, preventing breakage due to large-scale rotation. The universal sleeves 13 are all movably connected to the reinforcing anchor chain 3. The reinforcing anchor chain 3 is used to moor the wind turbine floating ring seat floating on the sea surface to the seabed, preventing large deflections and displacements. The ring arrangement is beneficial for resisting waves in any direction. A positioning anchor seat 4 is hinged to the bottom of the reinforcing anchor chain 3. The positioning anchor 4 can be a suction structure or a pile structure, depending on the seabed geology. The smaller diameter avoids anchor dragging caused by seabed scouring. At the same time, the electrical energy generated by wave energy can be used to monitor the uplift force and horizontal force of the anchor. In the event of anchor dragging, the mooring system can be reinforced in time by drawing negative pressure from the anchor.

[0046] Each of the floating support frames 2 is equipped with a directional control component 553.

[0047] The directional control assembly 553 includes a transition frame 26 fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of multiple first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9. The transition frame 26 connects the linkage frame to the protective plates. A linkage frame 7 is rotatably connected to the inner side of each of the multiple transition frames 26. The linkage frame 7 rotates to open or close the protective plates, thereby protecting the base portion of the wind turbine from wave loads under extreme wave conditions. A pin 38 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the linkage frame 7. The pin 38 adjusts the rotational movement of the traction bar 15, transmitting it to the linkage frame 7, thus facilitating the opening or closing of the protective plates. Traction bars 15 are rotatably connected to the outer surfaces of the multiple pins 38. The traction bars 15 are connected to the float support frame 2 by pins and can rotate around the pins. Supported by guide rods, they rotate around the pins, thereby rotating the linkage frame 7, and consequently the first and second protective plates, protecting the wind turbine ball seat 18. An abutment clip 39 is provided on the outer surface of the traction bar 15.

[0048] A reinforcing rib shaft 24 is rotatably connected to the short float support frame. The reinforcing rib shaft 24 causes the guide drum 25 to rotate around it, thereby opening or closing the protective plate. A limiting pressure plate 23 is fixedly connected to one end of the reinforcing rib shaft 24. The limiting pressure plate 23 prevents the reinforcing rib shaft 24 from lateral displacement, allowing it to only rotate axially. The guide drum 25 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the limiting pressure plate 23. The traction bar 15 passes through the guide drum 25 and the reinforcing rib shaft 24. The traction bar 15 can only rotate around the reinforcing rib shaft 24 and cannot undergo lateral displacement under the limiting action of the guide drum 25.

[0049] Two openings 33 are symmetrically formed on the outer surface of the guide cylinder 25. The openings 33 are used to pass through the traction strip 15, allowing it to rotate under the action of the guide cylinder 25 and the reinforcing rib shaft 24. The traction strip 15 is inserted into the opening 33.

[0050] A hydraulic bladder buoyancy assembly 555 is installed at the bottom of the stabilizer 22.

[0051] The hydraulic bladder buoyancy assembly 555 includes a self-adjusting bladder 17 mounted at the bottom of the stabilizer 22. The self-adjusting bladder 17 is used for hydraulic system pressure transmission. When the waves are large, the fan seat 18 sways, causing the hydraulic cylinder to compress and thus inflating the self-adjusting bladder 17. Since the self-adjusting bladder expands at the same circumferential rate and experiences increased buoyancy, the greater buoyancy causes the mounting plate 16 to rise, which in turn causes the guide rod 25 to rise and close the protective plate. The mounting plate 16 is located at the lower end of the self-adjusting bladder 17 and is used to connect the self-adjusting bladder 17. The self-adjusting bladder 17 is a closed elastic spherical structure with a through-hole. The balance column 14 can pass through the mounting plate 16 and the self-adjusting bladder, so that when the self-adjusting bladder 17 contracts or expands, the guide rod 6, which is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 16, rises or falls with the mounting plate 16, thereby causing the protective plate to open and close.

[0052] The inner surface of the mounting base 16 is fitted with a balancing column 14, which is located in the center of the wind turbine float adjustment structure. The balancing column 14 is used to fix the mounting base 16 and connect other structures. At the same time, the symmetrical structure avoids imbalance problems. Several displacement-limiting components 554 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting base 16.

[0053] The displacement-limiting component 554 includes multiple guide rods 6 equidistantly fixed to the outer surface of the mounting base 16. The guide rods 6 can rise or fall when the self-adjusting balloon 17 contracts and expands, thereby supporting the traction plate 15 to rotate and cause the first protective plate 8 and the second protective plate 9 to close or open. A U-shaped limiting rail 27 is fixedly connected to the opposite end of each guide rod 6. This serves two purposes: firstly, to allow the guide rod 6 to abut against the contact head 39, causing the traction plate 15 to rotate around the reinforcing rib shaft 24 and thus open or close the protective plates; and secondly, to restrict the traction plate 15 to slide only along the U-shaped limiting rail 27. The traction plate 15 is fitted within the U-shaped limiting rail 27, and the U-shaped limiting rail 27 slides in conjunction with the traction plate 15. The U-shaped limiting rail 27 also works in conjunction with the contact head 39.

[0054] A mounting column 11 is connected to the upper end of the wind turbine ball seat 18. The mounting column 11 is used to connect the fastening sleeve 12 and the wind turbine tower, so that the movement of the wind turbine when tilting is transmitted to the wind turbine ball seat 18, thereby driving the hydraulic cylinder. At the same time, a pressure plate 10 is fixedly installed on the mounting column 11 to seal the upper gap. The fastening sleeve 12 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the mounting column 11. The fastening sleeve 12 is used to maintain the reliability of the connection when the wind turbine tower is connected to the mounting column, and to prevent it from falling off or shifting.

[0055] The outer surface of the mounting column 11 is fixedly fitted with a collating pressure plate 10, which is used to seal the gap at the top after the protective plate is closed. The collating pressure plate 10 is used in conjunction with multiple first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9.

[0056] In accordance with the above technical solution, after personnel select a suitable position for the offshore wind turbine float, the positioning anchor 4 is installed and fixed on the seabed. Then, the universal sleeve 13 that connects to the reinforcing anchor chain 3 is connected to the wind turbine float ring seat 1, and then the wind turbine ball seat 18 is installed inside the wind turbine float ring seat 1.

[0057] After the wind turbine is installed, when the sea is rough, the wind turbine components mounted on the fastening sleeve 12 act on the mounting column 11, causing them to swing and drive the wind turbine ball seat 18 to swing under force. This, in turn, causes the hydraulic expansion joints 35 in the multiple center-of-gravity hydraulic control components 556 to reciprocate, pushing the internal hydraulic oil to flow into the hydraulic valve seat 21. This action ensures that the wind turbine is protected from damage to the wind turbine ball seat 18 due to hard swaying under the action of wind and waves, and also causes the rocker arm 19 to move within the hydraulic valve seat 21, so that all hydraulic pressure is transmitted. The self-adjusting balloon 17 is further supported by the stabilizer 22. When the self-adjusting balloon 17 reaches a certain size, it can generate a large buoyancy, causing the self-adjusting balloon 17 to slide and rise outside the balance column 14. When the wind and waves are not large, the pressure inside the self-adjusting balloon 17 will counteract the hydraulic pressure in the above action, so that the wind turbine ball seat 18 remains balanced. This is beneficial for the floating wind turbine to be adjusted according to the size of the wind and waves, so as to avoid the wind turbine floating body from repeatedly hitting the water surface on the waves and prevent the wind turbine from being damaged.

[0058] In the above-mentioned technical solution, after the self-adjusting balloon 17 rises, it drives the mounting plate 16 to rise synchronously, thereby driving multiple guide rods 6 to rise synchronously. When the guide rods 6 move, they drive the U-shaped limiting rails 27 to move closer and upward. During the movement, they can drive the contacting head 39 in the traction bar 15 to abut, further driving the traction bar 15 to move continuously. During the movement, it slides and rises in the opening and closing port 33 on the guide rotating drum 25 and rotates at a predetermined angle, then drives the pin shaft 38 to move, so that the linkage frame 7 follows the movement. After the adapter frame 26 moves, multiple first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9 rotate on the outer surface of the stabilizer 22 respectively, so that the first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9 stop after rotating around the stabilizer 22 at a predetermined angle. Multiple first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9 all overlap with the overlapping pressure plate 10, thereby wrapping and protecting the wind turbine ball seat 18, preventing damage from direct impact on the water surface by large waves, and improving the safety factor.

[0059] After the sea waves stabilize, the self-adjusting balloon 17 automatically releases its internal pressure, causing the mounting plate 16 to descend and move the guide rod 6. After the guide rod 6 descends, it causes the U-shaped limit rail 27 to descend, causing the contact head 39 on the traction bar 15 to lose thrust. This causes the pin shaft 38 and the linkage frame 7 to move, further allowing the first protective plate 8 and the second protective plate 9 to rotate and open around the stabilizer 22. At the same time, the traction bar 15 slides in the opening 33, causing the guide rotating cylinder 25 to rotate, causing the reinforcing rib shaft 24 to rotate on the float support frame 2. This action can be converted into electrical energy by installing hydraulic power generation equipment, so that when the waves cause the first protective plate 8 and the second protective plate 9 to rotate, the hydraulic energy can be converted into electrical energy, increasing the power generation mode of the wind turbine and increasing the power generation. It is beneficial to provide multi-directional buffering for the swaying and tilting of the float and wind turbine in the fluctuation of the sea waves, effectively ensuring the balance of the wind turbine, preventing the risk of the wind turbine capsizing, and further improving the overall performance and quality of the new type of floating wind turbine float adjustment mechanism for offshore power generation.

[0060] Specific usage of this invention: In the floating anti-scour wind turbine foundation with wind turbine attitude self-correction of the present invention, after the offshore wind turbine float is selected in a suitable position by personnel, the positioning anchor 4 is installed and fixed on the seabed, and the universal sleeve 13 connecting the reinforcing anchor chain 3 is connected to the wind turbine float ring seat 1. Then, the wind turbine ball seat 18 is installed in the wind turbine float ring seat 1. After the wind turbine is installed, when the wind and waves at sea are large, the wind turbine components installed on the fastening sleeve 12 act on the mounting column 11. After swinging, it will drive the wind turbine ball seat 18 to swing under force, thereby driving the hydraulic expansion joint 35 in the multiple center of gravity hydraulic control components 556 to reciprocate and extend, and push the internal hydraulic oil to flow into the hydraulic valve seat 21. This action can ensure that the wind turbine is protected from damage to the wind turbine ball seat 18 by hard swaying under the action of wind and waves. Since the rocker arm 19 is connected to the hydraulic valve seat 21 by a universal ball joint, when the fan ball seat 18 tilts, it will cause the rocker arm 19 to tilt as well. The rocker arm 19 can rotate in any direction within the hydraulic valve seat 21 and squeeze the hydraulic oil, so that all the hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the stabilizer 22, further supporting the self-adjusting balloon 17. When the self-adjusting balloon 17 reaches a certain size, it can generate a large buoyancy. Since the self-adjusting balloon 17 is a closed elastic structure with a through-hole, it slides on the outer surface of the balance column 14 through the hole. Therefore, when the self-adjusting balloon is supported, the buoyancy of the self-adjusting balloon increases, the lift applied to the mounting plate increases, and the self-adjusting balloon 17 slides and rises outside the balance column 14, driving the mounting plate 16 to rise.When the wind and waves are not strong, the pressure inside the self-adjusting balloon 17 will counteract the hydraulic pressure in the above action, keeping the fan ball seat 18 in balance. After the self-adjusting balloon 17 rises, it drives the mounting plate seat 16 to rise synchronously, thereby driving multiple guide rods 6 to rise synchronously. When the guide rods 6 move, they drive the U-shaped limit rail 27 to move closer and upward. During the movement, they can drive the contact head 39 in the traction bar 15 to abut, further driving the traction bar 15 to move continuously. During the movement, it slides and rises in the opening and closing port 33 on the guide rotating drum 25 and rotates at a predetermined angle, then drives the pin shaft 38 to move, causing the linkage frame 7 to follow the movement. After the adapter frame 26 moves, multiple first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9 rotate on the outer surface of the stabilizer 22 respectively, so that the first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9 stop after rotating around the stabilizer 22 at a predetermined angle. Multiple first protective plates 8 and second protective plates 9 are all in contact with the weight. The pressure plate 10 overlaps, thus encasing and protecting the wind turbine ball seat 18, preventing damage from direct impact on the water surface by large waves, and improving the safety factor. After the sea waves stabilize, the self-adjusting ball bladder 17 automatically releases its internal pressure, and the mounting plate 16 descends, driving the guide rod 6 to move. After the guide rod 6 descends, it drives the U-shaped limit rail 27 to descend, causing the contact head 39 on the traction bar 15 to lose thrust, thereby driving the pin shaft 38 and the linkage frame 7 to move. This further allows the first protective plate 8 and the second protective plate 9 to rotate and open around the stabilizer 22. At the same time, the traction bar 15 slides in the opening 33, driving the guide rotating cylinder 25 to rotate, causing the reinforcing rib shaft 24 to rotate on the floating support frame 2. This action can be converted into electrical energy by installing hydraulic power generation equipment, so that when the waves drive the first protective plate 8 and the second protective plate 9 to rotate, the hydraulic energy can be converted into electrical energy, increasing the wind turbine's power generation methods and increasing the power generation.

[0061] Example 2, as Figure 1-13 As shown, the motion performance of this device under extreme waves was simulated using ANSYS-AQWA hydrodynamic analysis software. It should be noted that because the software provides high-quality meshes for the finite element model, too many small structures can lead to computational divergence. Therefore, the model needs to be simplified, and only the main components are retained when performing hydrodynamic analysis using ANSYS-AQWA.

[0062] The device model was created using Solidworks 3D modeling software. Figure 11 The main components of the wind turbine's floating structure adjustment mechanism, such as guide braces and linkage frames, which enable the opening and closing of the protective plates, are simplified. The protective spherical shell is modeled in its closed state. A 12MW wind turbine is used for the upper turbine model. Ordinary steel is used to model the overall structure, and the wall thickness is modeled using the common 5cm thickness found in offshore wind power projects. The resulting steel structure mass attributes are as follows (mass attributes, including hidden entities / components (H)): The overall device model has the following mass attributes, default configuration and coordinate system, density of 7850.00 kg / m³, and finally the mass is 10334653.50 kg, volume is 1316.52 m³, surface area is 62671.97 m², and center of gravity (m) X=0.40, Y=0.00, Z=18.76.

[0063] The principal axis of inertia and the principal moment of inertia, determined by the center of gravity, are: (kg * m²) Ix=(0.03,0.00,1.00); Px=14077300547.89; ly=(0.00,-1.00,0.00); Py=30500870787.21; Pz=30796388781.97; Iz=(1.00,0.00,-0.03); The coordinate system is determined by the center of gravity and aligned with the output coordinate system. Using positive tensor notation, the inertial tensor is: (kg / m²) Lxy=-412.17; Lxz = 569283620.04; Lxx = 30776982193.98; Lyx = -412.17; Lyy= 30500870786.24; Lyz = 131818.87; Lzx = 569283620.04; Lzy = 131818.87;Lzz=14096707136.87 Using positive tensor notation, the inertial tensor determined by the output coordinate system is: (kg * m²) Ixz = 647674545.74; lxx = 34414306626.36; lxy = -423.75; lyy =34139884684.97; lyx = -423.75; lyz = 131281.68; Izx = 647674545.74; Izy =131281.68; Izz = 14098396603.22.

[0064] In addition, ballast water needs to be added inside the wind turbine's floating ring to increase the mass of the floating body, lower the center of gravity, and maintain overall balance. The ballast water level is 11.3m, and its density is 1025kg / m³. The mass properties of the ballast water are as follows: The configuration and coordinate system are set to default, with a density of 1025.00 kg / m³, a mass of 42,737,314.03 kg, a volume of 41,694.94 m³, a surface area of ​​13,281.85 m², and a center of gravity of (m) X=0.40, Y=0.00, Z=-9.68.

[0065] The principal axis of inertia and the principal moment of inertia, determined by the center of gravity, are: (kg * m²) Px = 40950442861.18; Ix = (1.00, 0.00, 0.00); ly= (0.00, 1.00, 0.00); Py= 40950442861.18; Iz = (0.00, 0.00, 1.00); Pz = 81040521901.62; The coordinate system is determined by the center of gravity and aligned with the output coordinate system. Using positive tensor notation, the inertial tensor is: (kg / m²) Lxy = 0.00; Lxx = 40950442861.18; LxZ=0.00; Lyx=0.00; Lyy =40950442861.18; Lyz=0.00; Using positive tensor notation, the inertial tensor determined by the output coordinate system is: (kg * m²) Ixz=0.00;Ixx=44951542962.04;Ixy=0.00;lyx=0.00;lyy=44951542962.04;lyz=0.00;Izx=0.00;lzy=0.00;Izz=81040521901.62.

[0066] After completing the modeling, the ballast water is assembled into the wind turbine float ring seat to obtain the overall mass property of the wind turbine float adjustment structure containing the ballast water, as shown below. This mass is the calculated mass input into ANSYS.

[0067] The configuration and coordinate system are set to default. The mass is 53,071,967.53 kg, the volume is 43,011.46 cubic meters, the surface area is 75,953.82 square meters, and the center of gravity (meters) is X=0.08; Y=0.00; Z=-4.14.

[0068] The principal axis of inertia and the principal moment of inertia, determined by the center of gravity, are: (kg * m²) Ix= (0.00, 1.00, 0.00); Px = 78182158903.41; ly = (-1.00, 0.00, -0.04); Py= 78430444827.06; Iz= (-0.04, 0.00, 1.00); Pz = 95165054524.72; The coordinate system is determined by the center of gravity and aligned with the output coordinate system. Using positive tensor notation, the inertial tensor is: (kg / m²) Lx = 131163.18; Lzz =95138589516.67; Using positive tensor notation, the inertial tensor determined by the output coordinate system is: (kg * m²) Ixz = 647674545.74; lxx = 79365849588.40; lxy = -423.75; lyx = -423.75; lyy = 79091427647.01; lyz = 131281.68; Izx = 647674545.74; Izy = 131281.68;Izz=95138918504.84.

[0069] Meanwhile, the simplified dimensions of the device are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1 Dimensions of the Adjustment Structure for the Fan Float Importing the simplified model into ANSYS-AQWA yields the following numerical calculation model: Figure 12 As shown in Table 2, input the overall mass of the wind turbine float adjustment structure including ballast water. Table 2 Model quality input in ANSYS After importing the model, set the water depth to 200m, and create a cable guide hole outside the wind turbine float ring seat of the wind turbine float adjustment structure. Establish an anchor point on the seabed and connect the cable guide hole and the anchor point with a mooring cable. Figure 13 As shown, the guide holes and anchor points are arranged in a uniform ring, with a total of 10 anchor points and 10 guide holes. The specific parameters of the mooring system are shown in Table 3.

[0071] Table 3 Mooring System Parameters After the mooring system is established, the model mesh is divided, with a mesh size of 1m.

[0072] According to the paper "Definition of the Semisubmersible Floating System for phase II of OC4", the wave conditions of the more extreme sea state are selected as the sea area conditions. The most extreme sea state is likely to cause damage to the device, so the most extreme sea state is not studied. Only the next level of more extreme sea state, Sea State 7, 13.6T(s) and 9.14H(m), is studied to ensure that the device can survive normally.

[0073] When inputting waves in ANSYS, the Jonswap irregular wave spectrum was used to simulate irregular ocean waves. The wave height was set to 9.14m, the wave period to 13.6s, the direction to 0°, and the peak factor to 3.3. The simulation time was set to 600s, and the simulation step size to 0.1s.

[0074] Since the wave incidence is at 0 degrees, the wind turbine's floating adjustment structure will only exhibit motion responses in the sway, heave, and pitch directions. The calculated floating body offset (sway) and floating body tilt angle (pitch) are as follows: Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown.

[0075] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 Simulations show that the maximum float displacement is 17.230m and the maximum float tilt angle is 5.441°.

[0076] According to domestic and international standards, the motion response of floating wind turbines under extreme operating conditions should adhere to the control standards of a float body offset of less than 45m and a float body tilt angle of less than 15°. Numerical simulation results show that the wind turbine's float adjustment structure performs far below the control standards, demonstrating excellent structural performance.

Claims

1. A floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan posture, characterized in that: The system includes a wind turbine float ring seat (1), with multiple float support frames (2) fixedly connected to the inner side of the wind turbine float ring seat (1). A protective assembly (552) is installed between the multiple float support frames (2). An anchoring and limiting assembly (551) is installed at the bottom end of the wind turbine float ring seat (1). The protective assembly (552) includes a stabilizer (22) fixedly installed between the multiple float support frames (2). A hydraulic actuator (20) is installed at the upper end of the stabilizer (22). A rocker arm (19) is movably arranged inside the hydraulic actuator (20). A center of gravity hydraulic control assembly (556) is fixedly fitted on the outer surface of the hydraulic actuator (20). The center of gravity hydraulic control assembly (556) is... The device includes a guide ring (36) fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the hydraulic actuator (20). Multiple hydraulic valve seats (21) are equidistantly installed on the outer surface of the guide ring (36). A hydraulic telescopic device (35) is installed on the upper end of each of the multiple hydraulic valve seats (21). A fan ball seat (18) is connected to the upper end of the multiple hydraulic telescopic devices (35). Multiple first protective plates (8) and second protective plates (9) are rotatably connected on the outer surface of the stabilizer (22). The first protective plates (8) and second protective plates (9) are staggered. A directional control component (553) is rotatably installed on each of the multiple floating body support frames (2). A hydraulic bladder buoyancy component (555) is installed at the bottom end of the stabilizer (22).

2. The floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan attitude as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring and limiting assembly (551) includes multiple universal sleeves (13) equidistantly arranged on the lower surface of the wind turbine float ring seat (1). The multiple universal sleeves (13) are movably connected to the reinforcing anchor chain (3). The bottom end of the reinforcing anchor chain (3) is hinged to a positioning anchor seat (4).

3. The floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan posture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fan ball seat (18) is movably connected to the rocker arm (19).

4. The floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan posture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steering control assembly (553) includes a transition frame (26) fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of multiple first protective plates (8) and second protective plates (9). The inner sides of the multiple transition frames (26) are rotatably connected to a linkage frame (7). The lower part of the linkage frame (7) is rotatably connected to a pin (38). The outer surfaces of the multiple pins (38) are rotatably connected to a traction bar (15). The outer surface of the traction bar (15) is provided with an abutment clip (39).

5. The floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan attitude as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The float support frame (2) is divided into a long float support frame and a short float support frame. The long float support frame and the short float support frame are distributed at intervals. The short float support frame is rotatably connected to a reinforcing rib shaft (24). One end of the reinforcing rib shaft (24) is fixedly connected to a limiting pressure plate (23). The outer surface of the limiting pressure plate (23) is fixedly connected to a guide rotating cylinder (25).

6. The floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan attitude as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Two openings (33) are symmetrically opened on the outer surface of the guide drum (25), and a traction strip (15) is inserted in the opening (33).

7. The floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan attitude as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic bladder buoyancy assembly (555) includes a self-adjusting bladder (17) installed at the bottom of the stabilizer (22). The lower end of the self-adjusting bladder (17) is provided with a mounting plate (16). The inner surface of the mounting plate (16) is slidably fitted with a balance column (14). The outer surface of the mounting plate (16) is fixedly connected with several anti-displacement components (554).

8. The floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan attitude as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The displacement limiting component (554) includes a plurality of guide rods (6) that are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outer surface of the mounting plate (16). A U-shaped limiting rail (27) is fixedly connected to one end of each guide rod (6) that is far apart from the other end. The traction bar (15) is matched and arranged inside the U-shaped limiting rail (27). The U-shaped limiting rail (27) and the traction bar (15) are slidably engaged. The U-shaped limiting rail (27) is used in conjunction with the abutment head (39).

9. The floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan attitude as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the fan ball seat (18) is connected to a mounting column (11), and a fastening sleeve (12) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the mounting column (11).

10. The floating anti-scour fan foundation with self-correcting fan attitude according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer surface of the mounting column (11) is fixedly fitted with a superimposed pressure plate (10), which is used in conjunction with a plurality of first protective plates (8) and second protective plates (9).

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