An automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker, relating to the field of coal bunker cleaning technology. It includes a winch, with a lifting rope fixedly connected to the output end of the winch. A lifting assembly is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lifting rope, and an installation assembly is rotatably installed at the lower end of the lifting assembly. The installation assembly has a retraction / release assembly and a guide assembly at its lower part. The retraction / release assembly is connected to a striking hammer via a rope. The guide assembly guides and constrains the movement path of the rope. The lifting assembly can drive the lower overall structure to rotate, relying on centrifugal force to cause the rope to drive the striking hammer outward and strike the inner wall of the coal bunker. The retraction / release assembly can adjust the rope's retraction / release length to control the striking radius. The striking hammer has a buffer structure inside to absorb the impact recoil force. A retractable dynamic coal scraping assembly is also provided at the end of the striking hammer. This device can achieve automated cleaning of the inner wall of a coal bunker, combining crushing and fine scraping functions, and is suitable for coal bunkers of different diameters and different degrees of coal adhesion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal bunker cleaning technology, and more specifically, to an automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker. Background Technology

[0002] In the coal production and storage system, coal bunkers are core facilities responsible for buffering, storing, and transferring coal flows. They are widely used in various scenarios such as underground mines, surface washing plants, and port coal yards, playing a crucial role in ensuring the continuity and stability of coal production. During long-term operation, coal adhesion and arching commonly occur on the inner walls of coal bunkers. Their formation is closely related to the properties of the coal itself and the storage environment. When the moisture content of the coal is high and the proportion of fine particles is large, the bonding force between coal particles is significantly increased. Combined with the frictional adsorption effect between the bunker wall and the coal, the coal gradually adheres to the surface of the bunker wall, forming a coal-adhesive layer of varying thickness. Simultaneously, condensation caused by temperature differences between the inside and outside of the bunker further enhances the adhesion properties of the coal. If not cleaned in time, the coal-adhesive layer will continue to accumulate, harden, and caking, not only directly compressing the effective storage volume of the coal bunker but also causing obstructed coal flow, blockages at the discharge port, and in severe cases, even safety accidents such as bunker blockages and coal spills, disrupting normal production and transfer operations.

[0003] For cleaning coal adhering to the inner walls of coal bunkers, existing technologies offer various approaches, but all have significant limitations. Manual cleaning is the most traditional method, involving workers entering the bunker and using hand tools to knock and scrape. However, the confined space, poor air circulation, and high coal dust concentration within coal bunkers, coupled with the risk of gas accumulation in some underground bunkers, create an extremely harsh working environment, making it difficult to effectively guarantee the occupational health and safety of personnel. Furthermore, manual cleaning is inefficient, extremely labor-intensive, and the cleaning quality is significantly affected by the worker's experience and condition, making it difficult to ensure a thorough and uniform cleaning of the entire bunker. Additionally, the coal bunker must be completely shut down during cleaning operations, which can significantly impact production scheduling.

[0004] Mechanical coal cleaning devices are currently the mainstream alternative to manual labor, with common types including fixed wall scraping devices, spiral lifting coal cleaning mechanisms, and pneumatic impact devices. Fixed wall scraping devices use fixed guide rails along the bin wall, with scrapers moving along the wall to scrape coal. However, they are only suitable for regular coal bins with specific diameters and structures, and have extremely poor adaptability to coal bins with conical sections or irregular structures. Furthermore, the fixed gap between the scraper and the bin wall makes it unable to handle coal layers of varying thicknesses. When dealing with hardened coal, simple scraping is ineffective and prone to scraper jamming, deformation, and damage. Spiral coal cleaning mechanisms rely on the rotation and lifting of spiral blades to clean coal, but their overall structure is complex and space-consuming, making them unsuitable for small and medium-sized coal bins. Additionally, the rigid contact between the spiral blades and the bin wall causes continuous wear on the bin wall lining, shortening the bin's service life. Pneumatic impact devices rely on compressed air to drive hammers to impact the bin walls. Although they can break up hard, sticky coal layers, the impact range and force are difficult to control precisely, which can easily lead to blind spots in cleaning. They also require large-scale air source equipment, resulting in high installation costs and loud operating noise. Furthermore, they cannot perform fine cleaning of thin, sticky coal layers, and coal slag is easily left on the bin walls after operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution: An automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker includes a winch. A lifting rope is fixedly connected to the output end of the winch. A lifting assembly is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lifting rope. An installation assembly is rotatably installed at the lower end of the lifting assembly. Retraction and release assemblies are fixedly installed at both the left and right ends of the lower end of the installation assembly. A rope is fixedly connected to the output end of the retraction and release assembly. A hammer for cleaning the inner wall of the coal bunker is fixedly connected to the end of the rope. A guide assembly for guiding the rope is fixedly installed at the lower end of the installation assembly.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the lifting assembly includes a lifting platform fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting rope. A first motor is fixedly installed inside the lifting platform. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. The first motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the installation assembly and components to rotate synchronously. Centrifugal force is used to force the rope to extend and be thrown out towards the inner wall of the coal bunker.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mounting assembly includes a crossbeam fixedly mounted on the lower end of the rotating shaft, an extension shaft fixedly mounted on the lower end of the crossbeam, and a mounting plate fixedly mounted on the lower end of the extension shaft.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the retraction and release assembly includes a bracket fixedly installed at the lower end of the crossbeam, a second motor fixedly installed on the bracket, a rope shaft fixedly installed at the output end of the second motor, and the rope wound around the rope shaft. The second motor drives the rope shaft to retract and release the rope, thereby controlling the radius range of the rope thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, thereby achieving strikes at different distances.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the guiding component includes a guide plate, a first pulley is fixedly installed at the center of the inner wall of the guide plate, and guide holes are symmetrically distributed about the first pulley on the guide plate. A second pulley is fixedly installed in the guide holes. The rope passes through the upper second pulley, the first pulley and the lower second pulley in sequence. The direction of the rope can be smoothly guided to change through the first pulley and the second pulley, so that the rope can be stably extended and unfolded under the action of centrifugal force.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the striking hammer includes a striking head and a connecting hammer cap fixedly connected to the end of the rope. A sliding boss is slidably installed on the inner side of the striking head. An extension rod is fixedly connected between the sliding boss and the striking head. An annular baffle is fixedly installed at the opening of the striking head. A first spring is fixedly connected between the sliding boss and the annular baffle. A first limiting slider is fixedly installed at the outer end of the sliding boss. A first limiting groove corresponding to the first limiting slider is opened on the inner wall of the striking head. The striking head can extend and retract to a certain extent relative to the connecting hammer cap. This not only allows the first spring to buffer the impact force, but also allows for a certain amount of extension error of the rope during cleaning, ensuring that the striking hammer can effectively clean the inner wall of the coal bunker.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a hidden hole is provided at the end of the striking head away from the connecting hammer cap. A dynamically extendable dynamic coal scraping component is installed in the hidden hole. Under normal conditions, the dynamic coal scraping component is located in the hidden hole, and the striking head strikes and crushes the coal blocks on the inner wall of the coal bunker. When fine processing is required, the dynamic coal scraping component can be controlled to extend and scrape off the residual coal slag on the inner wall.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the dynamic coal scraping assembly includes a scraper plate slidably installed on the outside of the hidden hole and an electromagnet fixedly installed on the inside of the hidden hole. A second limiting slider is fixedly installed at both ends of the scraper plate. A pair of second limiting grooves corresponding to the second limiting sliders are opened on the side wall of the hidden hole. A second spring is fixedly connected between the second limiting slider and the inner wall of the second limiting groove. The movement distance of the scraper plate relative to the hidden hole is controlled by the change of the magnetic field of the electromagnet. The second limiting slider and the second spring cooperate to control the stable movement and reset of the scraper plate.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the slag scraper includes a main body, and a permanent magnet that can respond to magnetic field action is fixedly installed on the end of the main body near the electromagnet. A compressible first elastic airbag is fixedly installed on the end of the permanent magnet near the electromagnet. The permanent magnet can respond to the magnetic field of the electromagnet to control the overall action of the slag scraper, and the first elastic airbag can buffer the impact when the main body is reset.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the main body has multiple spherical cavities inside. The inner walls of these spherical cavities are covered with second elastic airbags that communicate with the first elastic airbag. An elastic vibrating ball is positioned at the center of the second elastic airbag. Under normal conditions, the electromagnet adheres to and fixes the scraper plate against centrifugal force. At this time, the first elastic airbag is compressed, and the internal gas enters the second elastic airbag, causing it to expand and envelop the elastic vibrating ball. The elastic vibrating ball cannot move effectively within the spherical cavities. When the vibration cleaning mode is entered, the electromagnet is turned off, and the scraper plate can then overcome the second spring under centrifugal force. The elastic force moves outward a certain distance, but remains within the hidden hole. The coal block is mainly cleaned by the striking head. After the first elastic airbag returns to its shape, the gas in the second elastic airbag flows back and contracts. At this time, the elastic vibrating ball has enough space to move in the spherical cavity, thereby using the striking action of the striking head to cause vibration. When the rotation action is superimposed with the vibration effect, the cleaning effect of the coal block is better. When entering the scraping cleaning mode, the electromagnet applies magnetic repulsion to the permanent magnet, which completely overcomes the elastic force of the second spring and extends to the outside of the hidden hole with the help of centrifugal force. The main body scrapes away the coal slag remaining on the inner wall of the coal bunker.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are: (1) The present invention adopts a structure of centrifugal impact combined with retractable rope, which can flexibly adjust the impact radius by adjusting the rope length, and can be adapted to coal bunkers of different diameters. The impact force can also be dynamically adjusted according to the thickness of the sticky coal. At the same time, the device is equipped with multiple switchable coal cleaning modes. It can achieve the crushing and cleaning of hard and thick coal seams through the impact hammer, and can also achieve the fine scraping of thin coal slag through the dynamic coal scraping component. It can also turn on the vibration enhancement mode to improve the crushing effect. It can cope with the working conditions of sticky coal with different degrees of adhesion and different thicknesses, which greatly improves the applicability and thoroughness of coal cleaning of the device.

[0017] (2) The impact hammer of the present invention is equipped with an elastic buffer structure, which can effectively absorb the counter-impact force during the impact process. On the one hand, it weakens the transmission of impact load to the main body of the device, reduces the probability of component loosening and fatigue damage, and improves the stability and service life of the device. On the other hand, it can avoid rigid hard contact between the impact structure and the bin wall, prevent the coal cleaning operation from causing wear and impact damage to the bin wall lining, and extend the service life of the coal bin itself. At the same time, all moving parts of the device are equipped with guide and limit structures, the rope runs smoothly and is not easy to get tangled, the overall structure has high strength, and can operate stably for a long time in the harsh environment of the coal bin.

[0018] (3) The present invention adopts a fully mechanized structure with hoisting and rotating operation, which can realize the automated cleaning of the inner wall of the coal bunker. No workers need to enter the coal bunker to carry out the operation, which completely avoids the safety risks of coal dust, gas and high-altitude operation in the coal bunker, and significantly improves the safety of coal cleaning operation. At the same time, the hoisting and rotating operation of the device can be carried out continuously without the physical limitations of manual operation. The coal cleaning operation can be carried out continuously, and there are no blind spots in the coal cleaning process. The cleaning is uniform and thorough, which effectively improves the overall efficiency of coal cleaning operation, shortens the cycle of coal bunker shutdown for cleaning, and reduces the impact on the order of coal production and transportation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation component and guide component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the retractable assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the striking hammer portion of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the striking head of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the slag scraper of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the slag scraper of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Winch; 2. Lifting rope; 3. Lifting assembly; 31. Lifting platform; 32. First motor; 33. Rotating shaft; 4. Mounting assembly; 41. Crossbeam; 42. Extension shaft; 43. Mounting plate; 5. Retracting assembly; 51. Bracket; 52. Second motor; 53. Rope shaft; 6. Guide assembly; 61. Guide plate; 62. First pulley; 63. Second pulley; 7. Rope; 8. Striking hammer; 81. Striking head; 82. Connecting hammer cap; 83. Extension rod; 84. Sliding boss; 85. First spring; 86. Annular baffle; 87. First limiting slider; 9. Dynamic coal scraper assembly; 91. Slag scraper; 911. Main body; 912. Permanent magnet; 913. First elastic airbag; 914. Elastic vibrating ball; 915. Second elastic airbag; 92. Electromagnet; 93. Second limiting slider; 94. Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: Please see Figure 1 An automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker includes a winch 1 mounted on the top of the device, equipped with an explosion-proof brake drive motor and a reduction mechanism, enabling stable winding, unwinding, and hovering braking. A lifting rope 2 is fixedly connected to the output end of the winch 1. The lifting rope 2 is made of high-strength galvanized steel wire rope with an outer polyurethane wear-resistant protective layer, possessing both high tensile strength and corrosion and wear resistance, making it suitable for the humid and dusty conditions inside the coal bunker. A lifting assembly 3 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lifting rope 2.

[0023] Please see Figure 2 The lifting assembly 3 serves as the rotation drive and load-bearing unit of the device, including a lifting platform 31 fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting rope 2. A first motor 32 is fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the lifting platform 31. The first motor 32 is a mining explosion-proof three-phase asynchronous geared motor, and its output end is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 33. The rotating shaft 33 is made of 40Cr alloy steel and is heat-treated. It is rotatably installed at the center of the lower end face of the lifting platform 31 through a bearing seat with a sealed structure. The power supply and control signals of the first motor 32 are transmitted through an explosion-proof tow cable laid together with the lifting rope 2. The tow cable is equipped with a power core wire and a control core wire. The top is connected to an external control unit through an explosion-proof junction box. When the first motor 32 is running, it can drive the rotating shaft 33 to rotate at a uniform speed, thereby driving all the working parts below to rotate synchronously.

[0024] Please see Figure 3 The lower end of the rotating shaft 33 is fixedly installed with an installation component 4. The installation component 4 serves as the mounting base for the lower working parts. It includes a crossbeam 41 fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft 33. The crossbeam 41 is made of rectangular steel pipe welded and the surface is treated with anti-corrosion and wear-resistant treatment. An extension shaft 42 is fixedly installed at the center of the lower end face of the crossbeam 41. A horizontally set mounting plate 43 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the extension shaft 42. The extension shaft 42 is fastened to the crossbeam 41 and the mounting plate 43 with high-strength bolts to ensure the structural rigidity and dynamic balance performance during rotation.

[0025] Please see Figure 4 Symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the crossbeam 41 are retracting and extending components 5. The retracting and extending components 5 are used to adjust the effective length of the rope 7, thereby controlling the radial range of the striking operation. The retracting and extending components 5 include a bracket 51 fixedly installed at the lower end of the crossbeam 41. The bracket 51 is welded from angle steel. A second motor 52 is fixedly installed on the bracket 51. The second motor 52 is an explosion-proof forward and reverse geared motor. A rope shaft 53 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second motor 52. The rope shaft 53 is a steel drum with an anti-derailment groove. The rope 7 is wound and stored in the rope groove of the rope shaft 53. The end of the rope 7 extends outward and is fixedly connected to the striking hammer 8. The second motor 52 drives the rope shaft 53 to rotate by forward and reverse rotation, thereby realizing the retracting and extending adjustment of the rope 7. Under the condition that the device generates centrifugal force when rotating, the effective length of the rope 7 directly determines the throwing radius of the striking hammer 8. By adjusting the retracting and extending, the device can be adapted to coal bunkers of different diameters, and the striking force can also be dynamically adjusted according to the thickness of the sticky coal.

[0026] Guide components 6 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the mounting plate 43. The guide components 6 are used to guide and constrain the movement path of the rope 7, so as to avoid the rope 7 from getting tangled or swaying during rotation. The guide components 6 include a vertically set guide plate 61. The guide plate 61 is made of wear-resistant steel plate bent into shape. A first pulley 62 is fixedly installed at the center of the inner wall of the guide plate 61. The guide plate 61 has guide holes that are symmetrically distributed about the first pulley 62. A second pulley 63 is fixedly installed in each of the two guide holes. Both the first pulley 62 and the second pulley 63 use oil-impregnated bearings and cast copper pulley bodies, which have both low friction and high wear resistance. After the rope 7 is led out from the rope shaft 53, it passes through the upper second pulley 63, the first pulley 62 and the lower second pulley 63 in sequence and then extends outward. Through the guidance and reversal of the three pulleys, the outward section of the rope 7 is kept in a state of horizontal extension along the radial direction of the device, which ensures that the rope 7 can be stably unfolded outward under the action of centrifugal force and improves the stability of the striking action.

[0027] Please see Figure 5A striking hammer 8 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rope 7. The striking hammer 8 is used to directly act on the inner wall of the coal bunker to crush the sticky coal. The striking hammer 8 includes a striking head 81 and a connecting hammer cap 82 fixedly connected to the end of the rope 7. The connecting hammer cap 82 is made of cast steel and is reliably connected to the end of the rope 7 by casting to prevent loosening. The striking head 81 is made of high manganese steel and has excellent impact resistance and wear resistance. A sliding boss 84 is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the striking head 81. The sliding boss 84 and the connecting hammer cap 82 are fixedly connected by an extension rod 83. An annular baffle 86 is fixedly installed at the inner opening of the striking head 81. A first spring 85 is fixedly connected between the sliding boss 84 and the annular baffle 86. The first spring 85 is made of alloy spring steel and has good fatigue resistance. A first limiting slider 87 is fixedly installed on the outer circumference of the sliding boss 84. A first limiting groove corresponding to the first limiting slider 87 is opened on the inner wall of the striking head 81. When the hammer 8 strikes the bin wall, the striking head 81 is retracted inward relative to the connecting hammer cap 82 due to the recoil force, compressing the first spring 85 to achieve buffering and energy absorption. On the one hand, this can weaken the transmission of the recoil force to the main body of the device and improve the stability of the structure. On the other hand, it can allow for a certain extension error of the rope 7, ensuring that the striking head 81 can always effectively fit the bin wall to complete the striking operation, while avoiding damage to the bin wall lining caused by rigid impact.

[0028] It should be noted that a high-definition camera and a height sensor can be integrated on the lifting platform 31 as needed to assist the device in its operation. The specific structure and operation method are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] Example 2: Based on Example 1, please refer to Figure 6 The striking head 81 has a hidden hole at the end furthest from the connecting hammer cap 82. A dynamically retractable coal scraper assembly 9 is installed inside the hidden hole, allowing for switching between different coal cleaning modes according to operational needs. The dynamic coal scraper assembly 9 includes a scraper plate 91 slidably mounted on the outside of the hidden hole and an electromagnet 92 fixedly mounted on the bottom inside the hidden hole. The electromagnet 92 is a mine-use explosion-proof electromagnet, connected to the control circuit via built-in explosion-proof terminals. Different magnetic output states can be achieved by controlling the on / off state and polarity of the current. Second limit sliders 93 are fixedly mounted on both ends of the scraper plate 91. A pair of second limit grooves corresponding to the second limit sliders 93 are provided on the side wall of the hidden hole. A second spring 94 is fixedly connected between the second limit slider 93 and the inner wall of the second limit groove. The second spring 94 is a reset spring, which normally pushes the scraper plate 91 to maintain an inward retraction tendency.

[0030] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 8The scraper blade 91 includes a main body 911, which is made of wear-resistant alloy steel and has scraping edges on its outer edge for precise scraping of sticky coal. A permanent magnet 912 is fixedly embedded at the end of the main body 911 closest to the electromagnet 92. The permanent magnet 912 is made of neodymium iron boron strong magnetic material and can be driven by changes in the magnetic field of the electromagnet 92. A compressible first elastic airbag 913 is fixedly installed at the end of the permanent magnet 912 closest to the electromagnet 92. The first elastic airbag 913 is made of corrosion-resistant and oil-resistant rubber. Multiple spherical cavities are formed inside the main body 911. Second elastic airbags 915 cover the inner walls of the spherical cavities. The second elastic airbags 915 are connected to the first elastic airbags 913 through air passages inside the main body 911. An elastic vibrating ball 914, a solid steel sphere, is located at the center of the second elastic airbag 915.

[0031] When the device is in the normal striking mode, the electromagnet 92 is energized to generate an attractive force, which overcomes the centrifugal force and the elastic force of the second spring 94 to attract and fix the scraper 91 inside the hidden hole. At this time, the first elastic airbag 913 is compressed, and the internal gas flows into the second elastic airbag 915 through the air passage, causing the second elastic airbag 915 to expand and wrap around the elastic vibrating ball 914, restricting the movement space of the elastic vibrating ball 914 and preventing it from generating additional abnormal noise and vibration. When switching to the vibration enhancement striking mode, the power supply to the electromagnet 92 is disconnected. Under the action of centrifugal force, the scraper 91 overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 94 and extends outward a certain distance but is still inside the hidden hole. At this time, the first elastic airbag 913 is no longer compressed and gradually returns to its shape. The gas in the second elastic airbag 915 flows back and contracts, and the elastic vibrating ball 914 obtains sufficient movement space. It can reciprocate within the spherical cavity with the striking action to generate additional vibration, enhancing the crushing effect on hard and sticky coal seams. When switching to the scraping and cleaning mode, the control electromagnet 92 is energized in reverse to generate a repulsive force, which, together with the centrifugal force, pushes the scraper plate 91 to extend completely out of the hidden hole. The cutting edge of the main body 911 then scrapes and cleans the thin coal slag remaining on the bin wall, achieving refined coal cleaning operations.

[0032] The working principle of the automatic lifting coal cleaning device on the inner wall of this coal bunker is as follows: Before operation, the winch 1 is fixedly installed at the top of the coal bunker opening, and the lifting rope 2 is lowered into the coal bunker so that the lifting assembly 3 and the lower structure are at the initial high position inside the coal bunker. The explosion-proof power supply circuit of the device is connected and the control unit is debugged.

[0033] At the start of the operation, the second motor 52 of the take-up and release assembly 5 is controlled to operate according to the inner diameter parameters of the coal bunker, driving the rope shaft 53 to rotate and adjust the effective length of the rope 7, and preset the appropriate striking radius. Then, the first motor 32 of the lifting assembly 3 is started. The first motor 32 drives the installation assembly 4, take-up and release assembly 5, guide assembly 6, rope 7, and striking hammer 8 to rotate at a uniform speed via the rotating shaft 33. The centrifugal force generated during rotation causes the rope 7 to be thrown outward radially, driving the striking hammer 8 to continuously strike the sticky coal layer on the inner wall of the coal bunker, breaking down and removing the hard sticky coal. During the striking process, the striking head 81 of the striking hammer 8 is compressed by the recoil force to achieve buffering, absorbing the impact load and protecting the main structure of the device. When it is necessary to adjust the striking force and range, the second motor 52 can be controlled to take up and release the rope 7 in both forward and reverse directions, changing the rotation radius of the striking hammer 8 to adapt to different thicknesses of sticky coal layers and different diameter sections of the bunker. The first pulley 62 and the second pulley 63 of the guide assembly 6 guide and constrain the rope 7 throughout the entire process, ensuring that the rope 7 moves smoothly in the radial direction and avoiding entanglement or swaying failures.

[0034] During the impact operation, the working mode can be switched according to the hardness of the sticky coal. When the sticky coal layer is hard, switch to the vibration enhancement mode, disconnect the power supply to the electromagnet 92 in the dynamic coal scraping assembly 9, and the scraper plate 91 extends slightly under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, the first elastic airbag 913 and the second elastic airbag 915 complete gas interaction, and the elastic vibration ball 914 gains room to move, generating reciprocating vibration with the impact action to help improve the crushing effect. When the large pieces of sticky coal are basically cleaned up and a thin layer of coal slag remains on the bin wall, switch to the scraping mode, control the electromagnet 92 to reverse the current to generate magnetic repulsion, push the scraper plate 91 to fully extend out of the hidden hole of the impact head 81, and rely on the centrifugal force of rotation to make the scraper plate 91 stick to the bin wall to finely scrape off the remaining coal slag.

[0035] After completing the coal cleaning operation at the current height, the winch 1 is controlled to slowly release the lifting rope 2, causing the lifting assembly 3 and the lower structure to descend at a uniform speed, cleaning the lower bunker wall section by section until the entire inner wall of the coal bunker is cleaned. After all the work is completed, the second motor 52 is controlled to retract the rope 7, stopping the operation of the first motor 32, and then the winch 1 is used to lift the entire device to the outside of the coal bunker, completing all the coal cleaning processes.

[0036] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker, characterized in that: The equipment includes a winch (1), the output end of which is fixedly connected to a lifting rope (2), the lower end of which is fixedly installed with a lifting assembly (3), the lower end of which is rotatably installed with an installation assembly (4), the lower left and right ends of which are fixedly installed with a take-up assembly (5), the output end of which is fixedly connected to a rope (7), the end of which is fixedly connected to a hammer (8) for cleaning the inner wall of the coal bunker, and the lower end of which is fixedly installed with a guide assembly (6) for guiding the rope (7).

2. The automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (3) includes a lifting platform (31) fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting rope (2), and a first motor (32) is fixedly installed inside the lifting platform (31). The output end of the first motor (32) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (33).

3. The automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting assembly (4) includes a crossbeam (41) fixedly mounted on the lower end of the rotating shaft (33), an extension shaft (42) fixedly mounted on the lower end of the crossbeam (41), and a mounting plate (43) fixedly mounted on the lower end of the extension shaft (42).

4. The automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The take-up and take-down assembly (5) includes a bracket (51) fixedly installed at the lower end of the crossbeam (41), a second motor (52) fixedly installed on the bracket (51), a rope shaft (53) fixedly installed at the output end of the second motor (52), and the rope (7) is wound around the rope shaft (53).

5. The automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide assembly (6) includes a guide plate (61), a first pulley (62) is fixedly installed at the center of the inner wall of the guide plate (61), and guide holes are provided on the guide plate (61) with the upper and lower sides symmetrically distributed about the first pulley (62). A second pulley (63) is fixedly installed in the guide holes. The rope (7) passes through the upper second pulley (63), the first pulley (62) and the lower second pulley (63) in sequence.

6. The automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The striking hammer (8) includes a striking head (81) and a connecting hammer cap (82) fixedly connected to the end of the rope (7). A sliding boss (84) is slidably installed on the inner side of the striking head (81). An extension rod (83) is fixedly connected between the sliding boss (84) and the striking head (81). An annular baffle (86) is fixedly installed at the opening of the striking head (81). A first spring (85) is fixedly connected between the sliding boss (84) and the annular baffle (86). A first limiting slider (87) is fixedly installed at the outer end of the sliding boss (84). A first limiting groove corresponding to the first limiting slider (87) is opened on the inner wall of the striking head (81).

7. The automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker according to claim 6, characterized in that: The striking head (81) has a hidden hole at the end away from the connecting hammer cap (82), and a dynamically extendable dynamic coal scraping component (9) is installed in the hidden hole.

8. The automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dynamic coal scraping assembly (9) includes a scraper plate (91) slidably installed on the outside of the hidden hole and an electromagnet (92) fixedly installed on the inside of the hidden hole. Both ends of the scraper plate (91) are fixedly installed with second limiting sliders (93). A pair of second limiting grooves corresponding to the second limiting sliders (93) are opened on the side wall of the hidden hole. A second spring (94) is fixedly connected between the second limiting slider (93) and the inner wall of the second limiting groove.

9. The automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker according to claim 8, characterized in that: The scraper (91) includes a main body (911), and a permanent magnet (912) that can respond to magnetic field action is fixedly installed on one end of the main body (911) near the electromagnet (92). A compressible first elastic airbag (913) is fixedly installed on the other end of the permanent magnet (912) near the electromagnet (92).

10. The automatic lifting coal cleaning device for the inner wall of a coal bunker according to claim 9, characterized in that: The main body (911) has multiple spherical cavities inside, and the inner wall of the spherical cavity is covered with a second elastic airbag (915) that communicates with the first elastic airbag (913). An elastic vibration ball (914) is provided at the center of the second elastic airbag (915).

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