A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of sorting machines, specifically a high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism. It includes a sorting body for sorting items, a conveying mechanism for transporting items on the sorting body, and several conveying mechanisms spaced apart along the length of the sorting body. A drive unit for providing power to the conveying mechanisms is installed on one side of the sorting body and is connected to the conveying mechanisms. A linkage unit for connecting the several conveying mechanisms is also installed on the other side of the sorting body. Several openings for mounting support platforms are provided through the sorting body, and these openings are staggered with the conveying mechanisms. Several conveying wheels for transporting items are installed on the top of the support platforms. This invention simultaneously completes the lifting and turning actions using only one lifting motor, ensuring absolute synchronization, simplifying the control timing, and reducing equipment costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sorting machines, specifically a high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed sorting machines are highly automated material handling equipment. Their core function is to accurately identify, track, sort, and aggregate continuously arriving, randomly selected items within a very short time, based on pre-set identification logic. They are typically integrated into automated sorting systems in industries such as logistics, express delivery, e-commerce, pharmaceuticals, and manufacturing, and are a core technological tool for achieving large-scale, high-efficiency, and low-error-rate material flow. High-speed sorting machines are intelligent logistics equipment integrating optics, mechanics, electronics, and information technology, and are a key hub for automated warehousing and distribution centers to achieve "goods-to-person" or "unmanned" operations.

[0003] Patent CN213349782U discloses a slanted wheel sorting machine that can achieve merging and splitting sorting, making sorting fast, accurate, and more efficient. By increasing or decreasing the number of power guide wheel groups and steering modules, it can sort items of different lengths. It features industrial-grade technology, modular design, simple and convenient assembly, quick and easy maintenance, and intelligent automatic sorting function to avoid errors, replace manual sorting, and reduce impact. However, existing high-speed sorting machines still have certain defects in use. The lifting and steering actions of existing sorting machines are usually driven by two independent actuators, which have problems such as complex control timing, poor synchronization, and high equipment cost. Therefore, a high-speed sorting machine with a slanted wheel lifting and positioning mechanism is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism includes a sorting body for sorting items. The sorting body is provided with a conveying mechanism for conveying items, and there are several conveying mechanisms that are spaced apart along the length of the sorting body. A drive component for providing power to the conveying mechanism is installed on one side of the sorting body and is connected to the conveying mechanism. A linkage component for connecting the several conveying mechanisms is also installed on the other side of the sorting body. The sorting body has several openings for mounting the support platform, and the openings are staggered with the conveying mechanism. The top of the support platform is equipped with several conveying wheels for conveying items. The bottom of the sorting body and directly below the support platform is equipped with a bottom groove seat. A lifting and positioning mechanism is installed on the bottom groove seat. Support rods are fixed to the bottom corners of the sorting body. The lifting and positioning mechanism includes a lifting motor fixedly connected to the bottom of the base, and the lifting motor is electrically connected to the controller. The output shaft of the lifting motor is connected to the main shaft that passes through the base via a coupling. A main bevel gear that meshes with a driven bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft, and the driven bevel gear is perpendicular to the main bevel gear. A first driven shaft with a cam is fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear, and the top of the cam is attached to a lifting plate that is rotatably connected to several second driven shafts.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a limiting vertical rod is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the lifting plate and movably connected to the limiting sleeve, and the limiting sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the bottom groove seat. A first return spring for resetting the lifting plate is sleeved around the limiting vertical rod and the limiting sleeve. The two ends of the first return spring are respectively connected to the lifting plate and the inner bottom of the bottom groove seat. The ratio of the number of teeth of the driven bevel gear to the number of teeth of the main bevel gear is 1:2. A vertical support plate movably connected to the first driven shaft is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the bottom groove seat.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention, several groups of second driven shafts are evenly distributed at equal intervals on the lifting plate, and a rotating block is fixedly connected to the top of the second driven shaft. The rotating block is slidably installed in the lifting port opened on the support platform, and several lifting ports are evenly distributed at equal intervals on the support platform. A wheel with a built-in hub motor is movably installed on the rotating block. Several transmission rods are rotatably connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate and located between the several second driven shafts, and a transmission gear that meshes with the rotating gear is fixedly connected to each transmission rod. A sliding connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second driven shaft located directly above the main shaft, and the sliding connecting rod is slidably engaged with the sliding vertical groove on the main shaft.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the conveying mechanism includes a main rotating rod and a driven rotating rod arranged in parallel. Conveying rollers are fixedly sleeved on both the main rotating rod and the driven rotating rod, and adjacent conveying rollers are connected by a conveyor belt. The driving component includes an L-shaped support plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the sorting body. A drive motor electrically connected to the controller is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drive shaft through a coupling. A main gear meshing with a driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft, and the driven gear is fixedly connected to a main rotating rod.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the linkage includes a synchronous gear fixedly connected to the other end of a plurality of main rotating rods, the plurality of synchronous gears being connected by a synchronous belt drive, and a plurality of tensioning shafts being equally spaced on the side wall of the sorting body, and a tensioning wheel being rotatably connected to the tensioning shaft and in rolling contact with the synchronous belt.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a lifting mechanism for lifting and positioning the sorting body is installed at the bottom. The lifting mechanism includes a vertical groove fixedly connected to the bottom of the sorting body. A lifting motor electrically connected to a controller is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical groove. The output shaft of the lifting motor is connected to a vertical lead screw through a coupling. A transmission nut is threaded onto the vertical lead screw, and a sliding block that slides with the vertical groove is fixedly connected to the transmission nut. The sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom groove seat.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, each of the two corners of the bottom trough seat is fixedly connected to a first auxiliary rod that slides in cooperation with the first auxiliary plate, and the cross-sectional shape of the first auxiliary plate is U-shaped. The top of the first auxiliary plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sorting body. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the bottom trough seat. A fastening bolt that is threaded in cooperation with the sorting body is provided through the connecting plate. The bottom of one side of the bottom trough seat is connected to a baffle through a torsion spring.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, top side plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the sorting body, and a centering mechanism for centering items is provided between the two sets of top side plates. The centering mechanism includes a gantry plate fixedly connected to the two sets of top side plates. The cross-sectional shape of the gantry plate is an inverted U-shape. A rotary motor electrically connected to the controller is installed on the gantry plate. The output shaft of the rotary motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a coupling. An intermediate gear that meshes with two sets of half-sawtooth rods is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft. The two sets of half-sawtooth rods are symmetrically arranged about the origin of the intermediate gear. The intermediate gear is a symmetrical half-tooth gear with alternating 90° tooth segments and 90° toothless clearance segments on its circumference. The two tooth segments are symmetrically distributed at 180°. The ends of the half-sawtooth rods are fixedly connected to the push plate through vertical connecting rods.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, both outer side walls of the gantry plate are fixedly connected to a fixed cylinder containing a second return spring. The end of the semi-serrated rod away from the push plate is fixedly connected to a movable plate that passes through the gantry plate and extends into the fixed cylinder. The two ends of the second return spring are respectively connected to the movable plate and the inner end of the fixed cylinder. The side of the semi-serrated rod away from the intermediate gear is fixedly connected to a second auxiliary rod that slides with the second auxiliary plate, and the second auxiliary plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the gantry plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. When sorting is required, the controller commands the lifting motor to start, which drives the main shaft to rotate via a coupling. The main bevel gear fixedly sleeved on the main shaft drives the driven bevel gear meshing perpendicularly with it to rotate. The driven bevel gear drives the first driven shaft and cam to rotate. The cam's profile lifts the lifting plate, and the limiting vertical rod at the bottom of the lifting plate slides along the limiting sleeve and stretches the first return spring. At the same time, the sliding vertical groove at the top of the main shaft drives the second driven shaft located directly above to rotate via a sliding connecting rod. The rotating gear on the second driven shaft meshes with the transmission gear and transmission rod, transmitting the rotational motion to all the second driven shafts, causing the rotating block and wheel at the top of the second driven shaft to deflect synchronously to a preset angle. Since the gear ratio between the driven bevel gear and the main bevel gear is set to 1:2, the cam rotates one revolution for every half revolution of the main shaft, thus realizing a complete "lift-turn-reset" work cycle. Simultaneously, the hub motor starts, driving the wheels to actively rotate and deliver the items laterally. In this way, lifting and turning are completed simultaneously with just one lifting motor, ensuring absolute synchronization, simplifying the control timing and reducing equipment costs.

[0015] 2. When maintenance is required, first loosen the fastening bolts on the connecting plate in the reverse direction to separate the connecting plate from the sorting body. Then, the controller starts the lifting motor, which drives the vertical lead screw to rotate via the coupling. The vertical lead screw drives the transmission nut and sliding block to move downwards along the vertical trough. Since the sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom trough seat, and the first auxiliary rods at both corners of the bottom trough seat slide along the first auxiliary plate, the entire bottom trough seat and its lifting and positioning mechanism descend to the lowest position. Then, the baffle connected to the bottom of one side of the bottom trough seat by a torsion spring is opened, allowing the operator to quickly inspect or replace parts of the lifting and positioning mechanism.

[0016] 3. The rotary motor is started by the controller, which drives the intermediate gear to rotate via the rotating shaft. The intermediate gear is a symmetrical half-tooth gear, with alternating 90° toothed segments and 90° toothless clearance segments on its circumference, the two toothed segments being symmetrically distributed at 180°. When a toothed segment meshes with one side of the sawtooth bar, it pushes that side of the sawtooth bar and the push plate to move; when it rotates to the toothless clearance segment, the meshing is disengaged, and the push plate on that side returns to its original position under the action of the second return spring. Due to the alternating meshing of the two toothed segments, the two push plates move synchronously in opposite directions, gently pushing the offset items to the center position of the conveyor belt. After the operation is completed, the rotary motor is powered off, the second return spring releases its elasticity, and the two sets of sawtooth bars and push plates automatically return to their original positions. Through this process, the items can be centered and positioned, facilitating subsequent scanning and inspection operations, and effectively improving the success rate and stability of sorting. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the driving component and the conveying mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the conveying mechanism in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the bottom groove seat in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the lifting and positioning mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the lifting plate in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the main shaft and the second driven shaft in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the lifting mechanism in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the gantry plate in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the centering mechanism in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Sorting body; 2. Conveying mechanism; 201. Main rotating rod; 202. Driven rotating rod; 203. Conveyor roller; 204. Conveyor belt; 3. Driving component; 301. Support plate; 302. Drive motor; 303. Drive shaft; 304. Main gear; 305. Driven gear; 4. Linkage component; 401. Synchronous gear; 402. Synchronous belt; 403. Tensioning shaft; 404. Tensioning pulley; 5. Opening; 6. 7. Support platform; 8. Conveyor wheel; 9. Bottom trough seat; 10. Lifting and positioning mechanism; 901. Lifting motor; 902. Main shaft; 903. Main bevel gear; 904. Driven bevel gear; 905. First driven shaft; 906. Cam; 907. Lifting plate; 908. Limiting vertical rod; 909. Limiting sleeve; 910. First return spring; 911. Second driven shaft; 912. Rotating block; 913. Wheel; 914. Rotary... 915. Driven gear; 916. Transmission rod; 917. Transmission gear; 918. Sliding connecting rod; 919. Sliding vertical groove; 910. Vertical support plate; 11. Lifting port; 11. Lifting mechanism; 1101. Vertical groove body; 1102. Lifting motor; 1103. Vertical lead screw; 1104. Transmission nut; 1105. Sliding block; 12. First auxiliary rod; 13. First auxiliary plate; 14. Connecting plate; 15. Fastening bolt; 16. 1801. Baffle; 1802. Top side plate; 1803. Centering mechanism; 1804. Gantry frame plate; 1805. Rotary motor; 1806. Rotating shaft; 1807. Intermediate gear; 1808. Semi-serrated rod; 1809. Movable plate; 18000. Fixed cylinder; 18001. Second return spring; 1810. Second auxiliary rod; 1811. Second auxiliary plate; 1812. Vertical connecting rod; 1813. Push plate; 1804. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0021] For examples, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism, the technical solution of which is as follows: A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the high-speed sorting machine includes a sorting body 1 serving as the mounting base. Several sets of conveying mechanisms 2 for horizontally transporting items are distributed at intervals along the length of the sorting body 1. A drive unit 3 is installed on one side of the sorting body 1 to provide power to the conveying mechanisms 2; a linkage unit 4 is installed on the other side of the sorting body 1 to connect all the conveying mechanisms 2 for synchronous operation. Support rods 19 are fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the sorting body 1 to support the entire device.

[0022] Multiple openings 5 ​​are formed through the table surface of the sorting body 1, and a support platform 6 is installed in each opening 5. The openings 5 ​​and the conveying mechanism 2 are staggered in position. Several conveyor wheels 7 are installed on the top surface of the support platform 6 for conveying items. A bottom trough seat 8 is provided at the bottom of the sorting body 1, directly opposite each support platform 6. A lifting and positioning mechanism 9 is installed on the bottom trough seat 8.

[0023] like Figures 4-7 As shown, the lifting and positioning mechanism 9 includes a lifting motor 901 fixedly installed at the bottom of the base 8. The lifting motor 901 is electrically connected to the controller (PLC or microcontroller) of the equipment. The output shaft of the lifting motor 901 is connected to a main shaft 902 that runs vertically through the bottom of the base 8 via a coupling.

[0024] A main bevel gear 903 is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 902. A vertical support plate 919 is also fixed to the inner bottom of the bottom groove seat 8, on which a horizontally arranged first driven shaft 905 is movably connected. A driven bevel gear 904 and a cam 906 are fixedly sleeved on the first driven shaft 905, wherein the driven bevel gear 904 meshes perpendicularly with the main bevel gear 903, and the gear ratio between the two is preferably 1:2 to achieve torque transmission. A rolling contact structure is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the cam 906 and the bottom surface of the lifting plate 907: multiple rollers are rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the lifting plate 907 through a pin, and each roller rolls along the contour surface of the cam 906 to reduce sliding friction and improve wear resistance; at the same time, the contour surface of the cam 906 is treated with high frequency quenching, and a self-lubricating copper alloy sliding plate is further embedded in the bottom surface of the lifting plate 907 and the roller mounting area.

[0025] A limiting vertical rod 908 is fixed at the bottom center of the lifting plate 907. The limiting vertical rod 908 is slidably inserted into the limiting sleeve 909 fixed at the bottom of the bottom groove seat 8. A first return spring 910 is sleeved around the limiting vertical rod 908 and the limiting sleeve 909. The two ends of the spring abut against the bottom surface of the lifting plate 907 and the inner bottom of the bottom groove seat 8, respectively, providing a continuous downward return force for the lifting plate 907.

[0026] When the controller issues a lifting command, the lifting motor 901 starts, driving the main shaft 902 and the main bevel gear 903 to rotate. Through gear meshing, this drives the driven bevel gear 904 and the first driven shaft 905 to rotate, which in turn drives the cam 906 to rotate. As the cam 906 rotates from its lowest point to its highest point, it overcomes the tension of the first return spring 910, lifting the lifting plate 907 upwards. When the cam 906 continues to rotate to its lowest point, the lifting plate 907 falls back under the tension of the first return spring 910. By controlling the rotation angle of the lifting motor 901, the lifting height of the lifting plate 907 can be precisely controlled.

[0027] Several second shafts 911 are rotatably mounted on the lifting plate 907 at equal intervals. A rotating block 912 is fixedly connected to the top of each second shaft 911. The rotating block 912 slides within a lifting opening 10 on the support platform 6, and a wheel 913 with a built-in hub motor is movably mounted on the rotating block 912. When the lifting plate 907 rises, the wheel 913 extends from the lifting opening 10 and rises above the conveying surface of the conveying wheel 7, thereby lifting the item; when the lifting plate 907 descends, the wheel 913 retracts into the lifting opening 10.

[0028] To achieve active rotational drive for the wheels 913, enabling the lateral delivery of items after lifting and steering, each wheel 913 employs a built-in miniature hub motor. The stator of this hub motor is fixed to the rotating block 912, while the rotor is integrally formed with the wheel body of the wheel 913. The hub motor is electrically connected to the controller via flexible wires, which are threaded within a cable chain or spiral conduit and extend and retract with the lifting plate 907. When the wheel 913 is lifted by the lifting plate 907 and deflected to a preset angle, the controller sends a start command to the corresponding hub motor. Each wheel 913 independently receives rotational driving force, actively pushing the item out in the deflection direction, achieving high-speed sorting. This built-in hub motor design eliminates the need for additional sorting drive motors, synchronous belts, and pulley structures. Each wheel 913 can be independently controlled for start / stop and speed, simplifying the mechanical transmission system, reducing space requirements, and facilitating maintenance.

[0029] To achieve active steering of wheel 913, several transmission rods 915 are rotatably connected to the upper surface of lifting plate 907, located between the second driven shafts 911. Each transmission rod 915 is fixedly connected to a transmission gear 916. Each second driven shaft 911 is fixedly connected to a rotating gear 914, which meshes with the transmission gear 916 to form a linked gear system. Specifically, the second driven shaft 911 located directly above the main shaft 902 has a square-section sliding connecting rod 917 fixedly connected to its bottom end. This sliding connecting rod 917 inserts into an axial sliding vertical groove 918 at the top of the main shaft 902 and can slide up and down along the groove. The sliding connecting rod 917 is made of carburized alloy steel, and the inner wall of the sliding vertical groove 918 is coated with a wear-resistant diamond-like carbon coating and pre-filled with high-temperature grease at the bottom.

[0030] When the lifting motor 901 drives the main shaft 902 to rotate, the main shaft 902 not only lifts itself by driving the cam 906 through the bevel gear pair, but also its top sliding vertical groove 918 drives the second slave shaft 911 to rotate synchronously through the sliding connecting rod 917. The rotational motion of the second slave shaft 911 is transmitted to all other second slave shafts 911 through the rotating gear 914, transmission gear 916, and transmission rod 915, thereby driving all wheels 913 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction to a predetermined angle. Specifically, the controller adjusts the deflection angle of the wheels 913 by controlling the number of rotations and the direction of rotation of the lifting motor 901: for every preset angle increment of rotation of the lifting motor 901, the corresponding wheel 913 deflects by a fixed angle value; by rotating the lifting motor 901 forward or backward, the wheels 913 can be deflected to the left or right, thereby completing bidirectional sorting. Since the gear ratio between the bevel gear 904 and the main bevel gear 903 is 1:2, the cam 906 rotates one revolution for every half revolution of the main shaft 902, thus completing a full "lifting-turning-resetting" work cycle. In this way, the lifting and turning actions are completed simultaneously by a single lifting motor 901, ensuring absolute synchronization.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each conveying mechanism 2 includes a main rotating rod 201 and a driven rotating rod 202 arranged in parallel, both of which are fixedly fitted with conveyor rollers 203. Adjacent conveyor rollers 203 are connected by a conveyor belt 204. The driving component 3 includes an L-shaped support plate 301 fixed to the side wall of the sorting body 1, on which a drive motor 302 electrically connected to the controller is mounted. The output shaft of the drive motor 302 is connected to the drive shaft 303 via a coupling. A main gear 304 is fixed on the drive shaft 303, and the main gear 304 meshes with a driven gear 305 fixed to the end of a main rotating rod 201.

[0032] The linkage 4 includes a synchronous gear 401 fixed at the other end of all the main rotating rods 201, and all the synchronous gears 401 are connected by a synchronous belt 402. Tensioning shafts 403 are also installed at equal intervals on the side wall of the sorting body 1, and tensioning pulleys 404 are rotatably connected to them. The tensioning pulleys 404 roll in contact with the synchronous belt 402 to maintain the tension of the synchronous belt 402 and ensure that all conveying mechanisms 2 operate in a consistent manner.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 8As shown, a lifting mechanism 11 for adjusting the initial height of the entire lifting and positioning mechanism 9 is installed at the bottom of the sorting body 1. The lifting mechanism 11 includes a vertical trough 1101 fixed to the bottom of the sorting body 1, and a lifting motor 1102 electrically connected to the controller is installed at the bottom of the vertical trough 1. The output shaft of the lifting motor 1102 is connected to a vertical lead screw 1103 through a coupling. A transmission nut 1104 is threaded onto the vertical lead screw 1103. The transmission nut 1104 is fixed on a sliding block 1105. The sliding block 1105 slides against the inner wall of the vertical trough 1101 and is fixedly connected to the bottom trough seat 8.

[0034] When maintenance is required, the controller starts the lifting motor 1102, driving the vertical lead screw 1103 to rotate. Through the threaded action, the transmission nut 1104 and sliding block 1105 move up and down along the vertical groove 1101, thereby raising and lowering the entire bottom groove seat 8 and its lifting and positioning mechanism 9. To ensure smooth lifting, first auxiliary rods 12 are fixed to both corners of the bottom groove seat 8. The first auxiliary rods 12 slide in cooperation with the U-shaped first auxiliary plate 13 fixed to the bottom of the sorting body 1. After adjustment, mechanical locking can be achieved by passing the fastening bolt 15 through the connecting plate 14 and screwing it into the sorting body 1. A baffle 16 is connected to one side of the bottom of the bottom groove seat 8 via a torsion spring, used to open the bottom groove seat 8 and perform internal maintenance.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, top side plates 17 are fixed to both sides of the top of the sorting body 1. A centering mechanism 18 is provided between the two sets of top side plates 17 to push the items to the center of the conveyor belt 204. The centering mechanism 18 includes an inverted U-shaped gantry plate 1801, both ends of which are fixed to the top side plates 17. A rotary motor 1802 electrically connected to the controller is installed on the gantry plate 1801. Its output shaft is connected to a rotating shaft 1803 via a coupling. An intermediate gear 1804 is fixed to the bottom of the rotating shaft 1803. The two sides of the intermediate gear 1804 mesh with two half-toothed rods 1805, and the two half-toothed rods 1805 are symmetrically arranged about the origin of the intermediate gear 1804. The intermediate gear 1804 is a symmetrical half-toothed gear, with toothed segments and toothless clearance segments alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. Specifically, the circumference of the intermediate gear 1804 is divided into four 90° arc segments: two opposite 90° arc segments are machined with meshing teeth, and the other two opposite 90° arc segments are smooth cylindrical surfaces. That is, the half-tooth segment and the toothless clearance segment each occupy 1 / 2 of the circumference, and each tooth segment and each clearance segment occupy a 90° central angle. The two tooth segments are symmetrically distributed 180° about the center of the gear, and the two toothless clearance segments are also symmetrically distributed 180°.

[0036] Each half-tooth bar 1805 has a rack machined on the side facing the intermediate gear 1804, and the length of the rack matches the arc length of the tooth segment of the intermediate gear 1804. When the intermediate gear 1804 rotates: During the engagement of the tooth segment with the rack of the half-sawtooth bar 1805, the gear pushes the half-sawtooth bar on that side to move in the horizontal direction; When the toothed gap section is rotated, the engagement is disengaged, and the half-toothed rod on this side automatically returns to its original position under the action of the second return spring 1808. Because the two tooth segments are symmetrically distributed at 180°, the two half-tooth rods 1805 are pushed alternately to achieve the reciprocating motion of "pull-reset-pull", thereby driving the two push plates 1812 to move synchronously in opposite directions and center the item.

[0037] The end of each half-tooth bar 1805 is fixedly connected to a push plate 1812 via a vertical connecting rod 1811. The moving distance of the push plate 1812 is equal to half the pitch circle circumference corresponding to the arc length of the tooth segment of the intermediate gear 1804.

[0038] To ensure smooth movement and automatic reset, fixed cylinders 1807 containing second reset springs 1808 are fixed to the two outer side walls of the gantry plate 1801. A movable plate 1806 is fixed to the end of the semi-serrated rod 1805 away from the push plate 1812. The movable plate 1806 extends through the side wall of the gantry plate 1801 into the fixed cylinder 1807. The two ends of the second reset spring 1808 are connected to the inner end faces of the movable plate 1806 and the fixed cylinder 1807, respectively. Furthermore, a second auxiliary rod 1809 is fixed to the side of the semi-serrated rod 1805, and the second auxiliary rod 1809 slides in engagement with a second auxiliary plate 1810 fixed to the inner wall of the gantry plate 1801.

[0039] When the item passes under the gantry plate 1801 along with the conveyor mechanism 2, the controller starts the rotary motor 1802, which drives the intermediate gear 1804 to rotate. Since the two semi-serrated rods 1805 mesh with it and are symmetrically arranged, the rotation of the intermediate gear 1804 drives the two semi-serrated rods 1805 to move horizontally in opposite directions simultaneously. This, through the vertical connecting rod 1811, drives the two push plates 1812 to move away synchronously, gently pushing the displaced item back to the center position of the conveyor belt 204. After the action is completed, the rotary motor 1802 is de-energized, and under the elastic force of the second return spring 1808, the two semi-serrated rods 1805 automatically return to their original positions.

[0040] Working principle: First, the controller starts the drive motor 302 on the drive unit 3. The drive motor 302 drives the drive shaft 303 and the main gear 304 to rotate through the coupling. The main gear 304 meshes with the driven gear 305 to rotate a main rotating rod 201. This main rotating rod 201 drives all the main rotating rods 201 of the conveying mechanism 2 to rotate synchronously through the synchronous gear 401 at its end and the synchronous belt 402 in the linkage 4. At the same time, the tensioning wheel 404 on the tensioning shaft 403 keeps the synchronous belt 402 taut. The main rotating rod 201 of each conveying mechanism 2 and the conveying roller 203 fixed on the rotating rod 202 drive the conveyor belt 204 to rotate, conveying the items along the length of the sorting body 1. When the items pass between the top side plates 17, the conveying mechanism 2 continues to rotate. When the intermediate mechanism 18 is activated, the controller starts the rotary motor 1802. Its output shaft drives the intermediate gear 1804 to rotate via the rotary shaft 1803. Since the intermediate gear 1804 has a symmetrical half-tooth structure, when the tooth segment meshes with the half-tooth rod 1805 on one side, it pushes the half-tooth rod on that side to move, causing the movable plate 1806 to compress the second return spring 1808 inside the fixed cylinder 1807. At the same time, the second auxiliary rod 1809 slides along the second auxiliary plate 1810, causing the push plate 1812 connected to the end of the half-tooth rod 1805 on that side to push inward through the vertical connecting rod 1811. When the intermediate gear 1804 rotates 90° and enters the toothless gap section, the meshing is released, and the push plate 1812 on that side returns to its original position under the action of the second return spring 1808. Since the two tooth segments are symmetrically distributed at 180°, the half-tooth rods 1805 on both sides are pushed alternately, realizing the synchronous reverse movement of the two push plates 1812, pushing the offset items to the center of the conveyor belt 204.After the action is completed, the rotary motor 1802 is de-energized, and the push plate 1812 returns to its initial position under the action of the spring. Next, when the item meets the sorting requirements and reaches the carrier platform 6 corresponding to the predetermined sorting position, the controller instructs the lifting and positioning mechanism 9 on the bottom slot 8 to operate: the lifting motor 901 drives the main shaft 902 to rotate via a coupling; the main bevel gear 903 fixed on the main shaft 902 drives the perpendicularly meshed driven bevel gear 904 and the first driven shaft 905 to rotate; the first driven shaft 905 is supported by the vertical support plate 919 and... The cam 906 rotates, its contour lifting the lifting plate 907. The limiting vertical rod 908 at the bottom of the lifting plate 907 slides along the limiting sleeve 909 and stretches the first return spring 910. Simultaneously, the sliding vertical groove 918 at the top of the main shaft 902 drives the second driven shaft 911 located directly above it to rotate via the sliding connecting rod 917. The rotating gear 914 on the second driven shaft 911 meshes with the transmission gear 916 and the transmission rod 915, transmitting the rotational motion to all the second driven shafts 911, causing the second driven shafts... The rotating block 912 and wheel 913 at the top of the rod 911 rotate synchronously to a preset angle; the lifting plate 907 rises, causing the wheel 913 to extend from the lifting port 10 of the support platform 6 and be higher than the conveyor wheel 7. At the same time, the hub motor starts, driving the wheel 913 to rotate actively and send the items out laterally, completing the sorting; finally, the lifting motor 901 continues to rotate, the cam 906 rotates to the lowest point, the first return spring 910 causes the lifting plate 907 to descend and reset, the wheel 913 retracts into the lifting port 10, and the items fall back onto the conveyor mechanism 2 to continue moving forward; this In addition, when maintenance of the lifting and positioning mechanism is required, first rotate the fastening bolt 15 in the opposite direction to separate the connecting plate 14 from the sorting body. Then, drive the vertical screw 1103 to rotate through the lifting motor 1102. The transmission nut 1104 drives the sliding block 1105 to rise and fall along the vertical groove 1101. The sliding block 1105 is fixedly connected to the bottom groove seat 8. At the same time, the first auxiliary rods 12 at the two corners of the bottom groove seat 8 slide along the first auxiliary plate 13 until the bottom groove seat 8 descends to the lowest point. The baffle 16 opens and closes by the torsion spring for maintenance, thus completing the operation.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism, comprising a sorting body (1) for sorting items, characterized in that, The sorting body (1) is provided with a conveying mechanism (2) for conveying items, and there are several conveying mechanisms (2) and they are distributed at intervals along the length of the sorting body (1). A drive component (3) for providing power to the conveying mechanism (2) is installed on one side of the sorting body (1), and the drive component (3) is connected to the conveying mechanism (2). A linkage component (4) for connecting several conveying mechanisms (2) is also installed on the other side of the sorting body (1). The sorting body (1) has several openings (5) for installing the support platform (6), and the openings (5) are staggered with the conveying mechanism (2). The top of the support platform (6) is provided with several conveying wheels (7) for conveying items. The bottom of the sorting body (1) and directly below the support platform (6) is provided with a bottom trough seat (8). The bottom trough seat (8) is equipped with a lifting and positioning mechanism (9). The bottom corners of the sorting body (1) are all fixed with support rods (19). The lifting and positioning mechanism (9) includes a lifting motor (901) fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom groove seat (8), and the lifting motor (901) is electrically connected to the controller. The output shaft of the lifting motor (901) is connected to the main shaft (902) that passes through the bottom groove seat (8) through a coupling. A main bevel gear (903) that meshes with a driven bevel gear (904) is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft (902), and the driven bevel gear (904) is perpendicular to the main bevel gear (903). A first driven shaft (905) with a cam (906) is fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear (904). The top of the cam (906) is attached to a lifting plate (907) that is rotatably connected to a plurality of second driven shafts (911).

2. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom center of the lifting plate (907) is fixedly connected to a limiting vertical rod (908) that is movably connected to a limiting sleeve (909), and the limiting sleeve (909) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the bottom groove seat (8). The limiting vertical rod (908) and the limiting sleeve (909) are sleeved with a first return spring (910) for resetting the lifting plate (907). The two ends of the first return spring (910) are respectively connected to the lifting plate (907) and the inner bottom of the bottom groove seat (8). The tooth ratio of the driven bevel gear (904) to the main bevel gear (903) is 1:

2. The inner bottom of the bottom groove seat (8) is fixedly connected to a vertical support plate (919) that is movably connected to the first driven shaft (905).

3. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several sets of second driven shafts (911) are evenly distributed at equal intervals on the lifting plate (907), and a rotating block (912) is fixedly connected to the top of the second driven shaft (911). The rotating block (912) is slidably installed in the lifting port (10) opened on the support platform (6), and several lifting ports (10) are evenly distributed at equal intervals on the support platform (6). A wheel (913) with a built-in hub motor is movably installed on the rotating block (912). The lifting plate (907) A plurality of transmission rods (915) are rotatably connected to the upper surface of the main shaft (907) and located between a plurality of second slave shafts (911), and each transmission rod (915) is fixedly connected to a transmission gear (916) that meshes with the rotating gear (914). A sliding connecting rod (917) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second slave shaft (911) located directly above the main shaft (902), and the sliding connecting rod (917) is in sliding engagement with the sliding vertical groove (918) on the main shaft (902).

4. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (2) includes a main rotating rod (201) and a driven rotating rod (202) arranged in parallel. Both the main rotating rod (201) and the driven rotating rod (202) are fixedly sleeved with conveying rollers (203), and adjacent conveying rollers (203) are connected by a conveyor belt (204). The driving component (3) includes a support plate (301) with an L-shaped cross section fixedly connected to the side wall of the sorting body (1). A drive motor (302) electrically connected to the controller is fixedly installed on the support plate (301), and the output shaft of the drive motor (302) is connected to the drive shaft (303) through a coupling. A main gear (304) meshing with a driven gear (305) is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft (303), and the driven gear (305) is fixedly connected to a main rotating rod (201).

5. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linkage (4) includes a synchronous gear (401) fixed to the other end of a plurality of main rotating rods (201). The plurality of synchronous gears (401) are connected to each other by a synchronous belt (402). A plurality of tensioning shafts (403) are also installed at equal intervals on the side wall of the sorting body (1), and a tensioning wheel (404) that is in rolling contact with the synchronous belt (402) is rotatably connected to the tensioning shaft (403).

6. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the sorting body (1) is equipped with a lifting mechanism (11) for lifting and lowering the positioning mechanism (9). The lifting mechanism (11) includes a vertical groove (1101) fixedly connected to the bottom of the sorting body (1). The bottom of the vertical groove (1101) is fixedly equipped with a lifting motor (1102) electrically connected to the controller. The output shaft of the lifting motor (1102) is connected to the vertical lead screw (1103) through a coupling. A transmission nut (1104) is threaded on the vertical lead screw (1103). A sliding block (1105) is fixedly connected to the transmission nut (1104) and slides in a sliding fit with the vertical groove (1101). The sliding block (1105) is fixedly connected to the bottom groove seat (8).

7. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom groove seat (8) has a first auxiliary rod (12) fixedly connected to both corners, which slides with the first auxiliary plate (13). The first auxiliary plate (13) has a U-shaped cross-section. The top of the first auxiliary plate (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sorting body (1). A connecting plate (14) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the bottom groove seat (8). A fastening bolt (15) that is threaded with the sorting body (1) is provided through the connecting plate (14). The bottom of one side of the bottom groove seat (8) is connected to the baffle (16) through a torsion spring.

8. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting body (1) has top side plates (17) fixed to both sides of the top, and a centering mechanism (18) for centering the items is provided between the two sets of top side plates (17).

9. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The centering mechanism (18) includes a gantry plate (1801) fixedly connected to two sets of top side plates (17). The gantry plate (1801) has an inverted U-shaped cross-section. A rotary motor (1802) electrically connected to the controller is mounted on the gantry plate (1801). The output shaft of the rotary motor (1802) is connected to a rotating shaft (1803) via a coupling. The bottom of the rotating shaft (1803) is fixedly connected to the two sets of top side plates (17). The intermediate gear (1804) meshes with the half-sawtooth rod (1805), and the two sets of half-sawtooth rods (1805) are symmetrically arranged about the origin of the intermediate gear (1804). The intermediate gear (1804) is a symmetrical half-tooth gear, with 90° tooth segments and 90° toothless clearance segments alternately arranged on its circumference. The two tooth segments are symmetrically distributed at 180°. The end of the half-sawtooth rod (1805) is fixedly connected to the push plate (1812) through the vertical connecting rod (1811).

10. A high-speed sorting machine with a tilting wheel lifting and positioning mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both outer walls of the gantry plate (1801) are fixedly connected to a fixed cylinder (1807) containing a second return spring (1808). The end of the semi-serrated rod (1805) away from the push plate (1812) is fixedly connected to a movable plate (1806) that passes through the gantry plate (1801) and extends into the fixed cylinder (1807). The two ends of the second return spring (1808) are respectively connected to the movable plate (1806) and the inner end of the fixed cylinder (1807). The side of the semi-serrated rod (1805) away from the intermediate gear (1804) is fixedly connected to a second auxiliary rod (1809) that slides with the second auxiliary plate (1810), and the second auxiliary plate (1810) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the gantry plate (1801).

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