A switchable mode dump truck

Abstract

This invention discloses a switchable-mode self-unloading forklift, relating to the field of self-unloading forklift technology. It includes a forklift body with a top guardrail on its top. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to one side of the forklift body, and a hopper is positioned above the fixed plate. The top of the fixed plate has a first rotating assembly for counter-clockwise adjustment of the hopper and a second rotating assembly for clockwise adjustment of the hopper. A transmission assembly for transmitting the driving force of the first rotating assembly to the second rotating assembly is also located on the top of the fixed plate. A first fixed seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the forklift body, and rotating seats are rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the first fixed seat. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating seats. This invention enables seamless switching between three modes: material self-unloading, emergency escape, and rapid protection, through the coordinated operation of a hydraulic cylinder lifting mechanism and a single-motor-driven bidirectional tilting mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dump truck technology, and more particularly to a dump truck with switchable modes. Background Technology

[0002] Dump trucks, as an industrial handling equipment that integrates material loading, unloading, transfer and self-unloading functions, are widely used in warehousing and logistics, construction, mining, sanitation and transportation and other fields. They can significantly improve the handling efficiency of bulk materials and reduce the intensity of manual labor.

[0003] As industrial operation scenarios continue to expand and become more complex, the operating environment of forklifts is gradually extending from flat indoor factory areas to muddy, soft unpaved roads outdoors, as well as construction sites with the risk of falling objects from heights. Traditional forklifts with only single material unloading function can no longer meet diverse operational needs, and the market demand for multi-functional self-unloading forklifts that combine material handling, emergency self-rescue, and safety protection functions is becoming increasingly urgent.

[0004] Currently, existing self-dumping forklifts generally suffer from limitations in functionality and adaptability to various working conditions. Their hoppers typically only allow for unidirectional tilting to dump materials, making them prone to slipping or getting stuck on muddy or soft surfaces. Furthermore, they lack effective self-extrication mechanisms, necessitating reliance on external rescue equipment, which significantly delays work schedules and increases rescue costs. Simultaneously, the top guards of existing forklifts only provide basic top protection, failing to cope with sudden rainstorms or effectively prevent the risk of small materials falling from heights during operations, thus compromising operator safety. Therefore, a self-dumping forklift with switchable modes is urgently needed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a switchable-mode self-unloading forklift. Its advantages lie in the seamless switching between three modes: material self-unloading, emergency escape, and rapid protection, achieved through the coordinated operation of a hydraulic cylinder lifting mechanism and a single-motor-driven bidirectional tilting mechanism.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift includes a forklift body, a top guard frame on the top of the forklift body, a fixed plate fixedly connected to one side of the forklift body, and a hopper above the fixed plate. The top of the fixed plate is provided with a first rotating component for counterclockwise adjustment of the hopper and a second rotating component for clockwise adjustment of the hopper. The top of the fixed plate is also provided with a transmission component for transmitting the driving force of the first rotating component to the second rotating component. A photoelectric sensor is provided on one side of the first vertical plate to ensure accurate resetting of the hopper.

[0007] The above technical solution integrates bidirectional independent rotating components and linkage transmission components on the fixed plate, requiring only a single power source to drive the hopper to achieve large-angle rotation in two opposite directions. This breaks through the limitation of the traditional single rotation direction of the hopper of a dump truck, laying a structural foundation for seamless switching between three operating modes: material self-unloading, emergency escape, and rapid protection. At the same time, it greatly simplifies the design of the transmission system for multi-mode switching.

[0008] Preferably, a first fixed seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the forklift body, and rotating seats are rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the first fixed seat. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating seat, and a second fixed seat is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate. The second fixed seat is rotatably connected to the rotating seat at the other end of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] The above technical solution enables the hydraulic cylinder to move the fixed plate and the upper hopper to complete a smooth lifting and lowering action, meeting the needs of loading and unloading materials at different heights and self-unloading. The hydraulic cylinder is designed with a rotating seat and a fixed seat at both ends, which can adaptively adjust the force angle during the lifting and tilting of the hopper, completely eliminating rigid interference between different actions, effectively reducing structural wear, and improving the smoothness of the mechanism's operation and overall service life.

[0010] Preferably, the first rotating assembly includes a first vertical plate fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the fixed plate, a motor fixedly connected to one side outer wall of the first vertical plate, a first rotating plate fixedly connected to one side of the hopper, a first threaded screw fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a first threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the first threaded screw, and a first insert fixedly connected to the top of the first threaded sleeve.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the rotational motion of the motor can be precisely converted into the horizontal linear motion of the first threaded sleeve by the cooperation of the threaded screw and the threaded sleeve, thereby driving the first insert to complete the extension and retraction action. At the same time, through the insertion and cooperation of the first insert and the first rotating plate, a rigid transmission connection between the first rotating component and the hopper can be quickly established, providing a reliable power transmission path for driving the hopper to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge axis of the second rotating plate.

[0012] Preferably, a first insertion hole is provided on one side of both the first rotating plate and the first vertical plate, and the specifications of the first insertion post are the same as the specifications of the first insertion hole.

[0013] The above technical solutions ensure that the first insert can be accurately and tightly inserted into the aligned first insertion hole, forming a stable rigid connection. This ensures that the power output from the motor can be transmitted to the hopper without loss, avoiding slippage, loosening, or shaking during transmission, and guaranteeing the stability and reliability of the hopper's counterclockwise rotation.

[0014] Preferably, a circular hole is provided on one side of the outer wall of the first vertical plate, and the first insertion post passes through the inside of the circular hole.

[0015] Through the above technical solutions: the circular hole provides additional guidance and support for the horizontal movement of the first insertion post, which can effectively limit the radial displacement of the first insertion post during the movement process, further improve the alignment accuracy between the first insertion post and the first insertion hole, and at the same time, it can share the radial load on the first insertion post during the transmission process, thus extending the service life of the first insertion post.

[0016] Preferably, a first guide rod is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the first vertical plate, and a first guide cylinder is slidably connected to the outer circumferential wall of the first guide rod, and the first guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the first threaded sleeve.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the sliding cooperation between the first guide rod and the first guide cylinder can strictly constrain the movement trajectory of the first threaded sleeve, prevent it from rotating synchronously with the first threaded screw, and ensure that the first threaded sleeve only moves in a straight line in the horizontal direction. This fundamentally avoids the problem of the first insert offset caused by the rotation of the threaded sleeve, and significantly improves the accuracy and smoothness of the extension and retraction of the first insert.

[0018] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a drive wheel fixedly connected to the end of the first threaded screw away from the motor, a transmission belt drivingly connecting the outer circumference of the drive wheel, and a driven wheel drivingly connected to the drive wheel through the transmission belt.

[0019] The above technical solution transmits the rotational power of the first threaded screw to the driven wheel synchronously via belt drive, thereby driving the second threaded screw to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction. This achieves the linkage operation of the first and second rotating components. At the same time, only one motor is needed to drive the two sets of rotating components simultaneously, eliminating the need for an additional independent power source. This greatly simplifies the overall transmission structure and reduces the equipment manufacturing cost and the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.

[0020] Preferably, the second rotating assembly includes a second threaded screw fixedly connected to the inner circumference of the driven wheel, a second threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the second threaded screw, a bent column fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second threaded sleeve, a second insert fixedly connected to the end of the bent column away from the second threaded sleeve, a second rotating plate fixedly connected to both sides of the outer wall of the hopper, a second vertical plate fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the fixed plate, a second insertion hole provided on one side of both the second vertical plate and the second rotating plate, and the specifications of the second insert and the second insertion hole are compatible.

[0021] Through the above technical solution: when the driven wheel drives the second threaded screw to rotate, the rotational motion can be converted into the horizontal linear motion of the second threaded sleeve, and then the bending column drives the second insert to complete the extension and retraction action. Furthermore, through the insertion and cooperation of the second insert and the second insertion hole, a rigid transmission connection can be established between the second rotating component and the hopper, providing a power path for driving the hopper to rotate clockwise around the hinge axis of the first rotating plate, and cooperating with the first rotating component to realize the rapid switching of the bidirectional rotation mode of the hopper.

[0022] Preferably, a second guide rod is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second vertical plate, and a second guide cylinder is slidably connected to the outer circumferential wall of the second guide rod. The second guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the second threaded sleeve.

[0023] The above technical solution allows for the following: the sliding cooperation between the second guide rod and the second guide cylinder can constrain the movement trajectory of the second threaded sleeve, prevent it from rotating synchronously with the second threaded screw, ensure that the second threaded sleeve moves stably and linearly in the horizontal direction, and ensure that the second insert can be accurately inserted into or disengaged from the second insertion hole, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the clockwise rotation mode switching.

[0024] Preferably, the top outer wall of the hopper near the first rotating plate is provided with a toothed groove, and the cross-section of the toothed groove is an isosceles triangle.

[0025] Through the above technical solutions: In emergency escape mode, when the hopper is rotated counterclockwise so that the opening faces down and is close to the ground, the isosceles triangular grooves can be embedded in the ground, greatly increasing the biting force and friction between the hopper and the ground, effectively preventing the hopper from slipping and shifting during the support process, significantly improving the stability of the support base, and thus enhancing the forklift's ability to escape from muddy and soft roads.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This switchable-mode self-unloading forklift seamlessly integrates and allows for one-click switching between three operating modes: material self-unloading, emergency escape, and rapid protection. This solves the functional limitation of traditional self-unloading forklifts, which can only perform material loading, unloading, and transfer, significantly expanding the equipment's applicable scenarios. Furthermore, its core design utilizes a single motor and transmission components to synchronously drive a bidirectional tilting mechanism. Power switching and mode conversion between the two tilting directions can be completed simply by rotating a single motor in both directions, eliminating the need for multiple independent drive units. This effectively simplifies the overall transmission system's structural complexity, reduces the number of power components, and avoids the challenges of synchronous control between multiple drive systems, effectively lowering the equipment's manufacturing costs and reducing subsequent maintenance difficulties.

[0027] The forklift's structural design fully considers both smooth operation and reliability. The hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat of the fixed plate of the forklift body through rotating seats at both ends. This allows for adaptive adjustment of the force angle during hopper lifting and tilting, effectively avoiding rigid interference between lifting and tilting actions, improving the smoothness of the mechanism's operation and the service life of the structure. At the same time, the cooperative design of the first guide rod and the first guide cylinder, and the second guide rod and the second guide cylinder, can strictly constrain the movement trajectory of the threaded sleeve, ensuring its precise movement along a straight line. This fundamentally avoids alignment deviations between the insert and the insertion hole, significantly improving the accuracy and smoothness of mode switching and reducing the probability of mechanism jamming.

[0028] This switchable-mode dump truck boasts excellent operational safety and environmental adaptability. In emergency escape mode, the bucket can rotate 180° counterclockwise with its opening facing downwards, forming a stable support base close to the ground. Combined with the lifting force of the hydraulic cylinder, it forms a reliable fulcrum, helping the vehicle quickly escape from slippery or stuck situations on muddy or soft surfaces. The isosceles triangular toothed grooves at the front of the bucket significantly increase the gripping force with the ground, further enhancing support stability and escape capability. In rapid protection mode, the bucket can rotate 180° clockwise to completely cover the top and side edges of the top guard frame, quickly constructing a semi-enclosed protective canopy. This effectively shields against sudden rain and prevents injury to operators from falling small materials from heights, comprehensively improving the safety level for outdoor operations and complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall left side structure of a switchable mode self-unloading forklift proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This invention proposes a switchable-mode self-unloading forklift. Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the overall right-side structure of a switchable-mode self-unloading forklift proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This invention proposes a switchable-mode self-unloading forklift. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 5 This invention proposes a switchable-mode self-unloading forklift. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall top view of a switchable mode self-unloading forklift proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This invention proposes a switchable-mode self-unloading forklift. Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point D; Figure 8 This is a top view schematic diagram of the overall structure of a switchable mode self-unloading forklift proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side structure of a switchable mode self-unloading forklift proposed in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Forklift body; 2. Top guard; 3. Fixed plate; 4. Hopper; 5. First guide rod; 6. Tooth groove; 7. Motor; 8. First vertical plate; 9. First insert; 10. First threaded sleeve; 11. First guide cylinder; 12. First threaded screw; 13. First rotating plate; 14. Drive belt; 15. Circular hole; 16. Drive wheel; 17. First insertion hole; 18. Second vertical plate; 19. Second rotating plate; 20. Second insertion hole; 21. Second threaded screw; 22. Second threaded sleeve; 23. Bent column; 24. Second insert; 25. Driven wheel; 26. Second guide rod; 27. Second guide cylinder; 28. First fixed seat; 29. ​​Rotating seat; 30. Hydraulic cylinder; 31. Second fixed seat; 32. Photoelectric sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of this patent will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0032] The embodiments of this patent are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this patent, and should not be construed as limiting this patent.

[0033] In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this patent.

[0034] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Reference Figures 1-9 A switchable mode self-unloading forklift includes a forklift body 1, a top guard 2 is provided on the top of the forklift body 1, a fixing plate 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the forklift body 1, and a hopper 4 is provided above the fixing plate 3. The top of the fixed plate 3 is provided with a first rotating component for counterclockwise adjustment of the hopper 4 and a second rotating component for clockwise adjustment of the hopper 4. The top of the fixed plate 3 is provided with a transmission component for transmitting the driving force of the first rotating component to the second rotating component. By integrating the bidirectional independent rotating component and the linkage transmission component on the fixed plate 3, only a single power source is needed to drive the hopper 4 to achieve large-angle flipping in two opposite directions. This breaks through the limitation of the traditional single flipping direction of the hopper 4 of the dump truck, and lays a structural foundation for achieving seamless switching of three operating modes: material self-unloading, emergency escape and rapid protection. At the same time, it greatly simplifies the design of the transmission system for multi-mode switching. A photoelectric sensor 32 is provided on one side of the first vertical plate 8 to ensure the accurate resetting of the hopper 4. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 30 moves to the vicinity of the photoelectric sensor 32, the photoelectric sensor 32 can transmit an electrical signal to the control system, thereby stopping the hydraulic cylinder 30 from working and ensuring the accuracy of the resetting of the hopper 4.

[0036] Furthermore, a first fixed seat 28 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the forklift body 1. Rotating seats 29 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the first fixed seat 28. A hydraulic cylinder 30 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating seat 29. A second fixed seat 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate 3. The second fixed seat 31 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 29 at the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 30. Through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 30, the fixed plate 3 and the upper hopper 4 can be driven to complete a smooth lifting and lowering action, meeting the needs of loading and unloading materials at different heights and self-unloading. The hydraulic cylinder 30 is hinged to the fixed seat through the rotating seat 29 at both ends, which can adaptively adjust the force angle during the lifting and tilting of the hopper 4, completely eliminating rigid interference between different actions, effectively reducing structural wear, and improving the smoothness of the mechanism operation and the overall service life.

[0037] Furthermore, the first rotating assembly includes a first vertical plate 8 fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the fixed plate 3. A motor 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the first vertical plate 8, and a first rotating plate 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the hopper 4. A first threaded screw 12 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 7. A first threaded sleeve 10 is threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the first threaded screw 12. A first insert 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the first threaded sleeve 10. The rotational motion of the motor 7 can be precisely converted into the horizontal linear motion of the first threaded sleeve 10 by the cooperation of the threaded screw and the threaded sleeve, thereby driving the first insert 9 to complete the extension and retraction action. At the same time, through the insertion and cooperation of the first insert 9 and the first rotating plate 13, a rigid transmission connection between the first rotating assembly and the hopper 4 can be quickly established, providing a reliable power transmission path for driving the hopper 4 to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge axis of the second rotating plate 19.

[0038] Furthermore, a first insertion hole 17 is provided on one side of both the first rotating plate 13 and the first vertical plate 8. The specifications of the first insertion post 9 are the same as those of the first insertion hole 17, which can ensure that the first insertion post 9 can be accurately and tightly inserted into the aligned first insertion hole 17 to form a stable rigid connection. This ensures that the power output by the motor 7 can be transmitted to the hopper 4 without loss, avoiding slippage, loosening or shaking during the transmission process, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the counterclockwise rotation of the hopper 4.

[0039] Furthermore, a circular hole 15 is provided on one outer wall of the first vertical plate 8, and the first insertion post 9 passes through the inside of the circular hole 15. The circular hole 15 provides additional guidance and support for the horizontal movement of the first insertion post 9, which can effectively limit the radial displacement of the first insertion post 9 during the movement process, further improve the alignment accuracy between the first insertion post 9 and the first insertion hole 17, and at the same time share the radial load on the first insertion post 9 during the transmission process, thus extending the service life of the first insertion post 9.

[0040] Furthermore, a first guide rod 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the first vertical plate 8, and a first guide cylinder 11 is slidably connected to the outer circumferential wall of the first guide rod 5. The first guide cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the first threaded sleeve 10. Through the sliding cooperation between the first guide rod 5 and the first guide cylinder 11, the movement trajectory of the first threaded sleeve 10 can be strictly constrained, preventing it from rotating synchronously with the first threaded screw 12, ensuring that the first threaded sleeve 10 only moves in a straight line in the horizontal direction. This fundamentally avoids the problem of the first insert 9 shifting due to the rotation of the threaded sleeve, and significantly improves the accuracy and smoothness of the extension and retraction of the first insert 9.

[0041] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a drive wheel 16 fixedly connected to the end of the first threaded screw 12 away from the motor 7. The outer circumference of the drive wheel 16 is connected to a transmission belt 14. The drive wheel 16 is connected to a driven wheel 25 via the transmission belt 14. The rotational power of the first threaded screw 12 is synchronously transmitted to the driven wheel 25 through belt transmission, thereby driving the second threaded screw 21 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction. This realizes the linkage operation of the first and second rotating assemblies. At the same time, only one motor 7 is needed to drive the two sets of rotating assemblies to work at the same time. There is no need to set up an additional independent power source, which greatly simplifies the overall transmission structure and reduces the equipment manufacturing cost and the difficulty of later maintenance.

[0042] Furthermore, the second rotating assembly includes a second threaded screw 21 fixedly connected to the inner circumference of the driven wheel 25. A second threaded sleeve 22 is threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the second threaded screw 21. A bent post 23 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second threaded sleeve 22. A second insert post 24 is fixedly connected to the end of the bent post 23 away from the second threaded sleeve 22. Second rotating plates 19 are fixedly connected to both outer walls of the hopper 4. A second vertical plate 18 is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the fixed plate 3. A second insertion hole 20 is provided on one side of both the second vertical plate 18 and the second rotating plate 19. The specifications of the two insertion pins 24 and the second insertion hole 20 are compatible. When the driven wheel 25 drives the second threaded screw 21 to rotate, the rotational motion can be converted into the horizontal linear motion of the second threaded sleeve 22. Then, the second insertion pin 24 is driven by the bent pin 23 to complete the extension and retraction action. Through the insertion and cooperation of the second insertion pin 24 and the second insertion hole 20, a rigid transmission connection can be established between the second rotating component and the hopper 4, providing a power path for driving the hopper 4 to rotate clockwise around the hinge axis of the first rotating plate 13. In cooperation with the first rotating component, the hopper 4 can quickly switch between bidirectional rotation modes.

[0043] Furthermore, a second guide rod 26 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second vertical plate 18, and a second guide cylinder 27 is slidably connected to the outer circumferential wall of the second guide rod 26. The second guide cylinder 27 is fixedly connected to the second threaded sleeve 22. Through the sliding cooperation between the second guide rod 26 and the second guide cylinder 27, the movement trajectory of the second threaded sleeve 22 can be constrained, preventing it from rotating synchronously with the second threaded screw 21, ensuring that the second threaded sleeve 22 moves stably and linearly in the horizontal direction, ensuring that the second insertion post 24 can be accurately inserted into or disengaged from the second insertion hole 20, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the clockwise flip mode switching.

[0044] Furthermore, a toothed groove 6 is provided on the top outer wall of the end of the hopper 4 near the first rotating plate 13. The cross-section of the toothed groove 6 is an isosceles triangle. In the emergency escape mode, when the hopper 4 is rotated counterclockwise so that the opening faces down and is close to the ground, the isosceles triangle toothed groove 6 can be embedded in the ground, which greatly increases the biting force and friction between the hopper 4 and the ground, effectively preventing the hopper 4 from slipping and shifting during the support process, significantly improving the stability of the support base, and thus enhancing the forklift's ability to escape from muddy and soft roads.

[0045] Working principle: The bottom of the forklift body 1 is connected to the second fixed seat 31 on the fixed plate 3 by a hydraulic cylinder 30 hinged to the first fixed seat 28 and the rotating seat 29. When the hydraulic cylinder 30 extends and retracts, it can drive the fixed plate 3 and the upper hopper 4 to rise and fall smoothly as a whole, realizing the lifting of materials and conventional self-unloading operations. At the same time, the design of the rotating seats 29 at both ends can effectively avoid rigid interference during the lifting process, improving the smoothness of the structure operation and service life. When the operator needs to switch to the flip mode, the motor 7 on the first vertical plate 8 can be activated. The motor 7 drives the first threaded screw 12 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the second threaded screw 21 to rotate in the opposite direction through the transmission assembly consisting of the driving wheel 16, the transmission belt 14, and the driven wheel 25. At this time, the first threaded screw 12 drives the first threaded sleeve 10 to move horizontally along the first guide rod 5 and the first guide cylinder 11, so that the first insertion post 9 passes through the round hole 15 of the first vertical plate 8 and is inserted into the first insertion hole 17 of the first rotating plate 13, which is aligned with the first vertical plate 8. At the same time, the second threaded screw 21 drives the second threaded sleeve 22 to rotate in the opposite direction along the second guide rod 26 and the second guide cylinder 27. The second insert 24 moves horizontally, disengaging from the second insertion hole 20 of the second rotating plate 19 and the second vertical plate 18. At this time, the first rotating assembly and the hopper 4 form a rigid transmission connection. The motor 7 continues to rotate, which can drive the hopper 4 to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge axis of the second rotating plate 19 to the extreme position (about 180°) through the first insert 9. This makes the opening of the hopper 4 face down and stick to the ground to form a stable support base. With the lifting force of the hydraulic cylinder 30 as a fulcrum, it can help the vehicle to get out of trouble quickly when it slips on muddy roads or gets stuck. The toothed groove 6 at the front end of the hopper 4, which has an isosceles triangular cross section, can significantly increase the biting force with the ground, further improving the support stability and the extrication effect. Conversely, when the control motor 7 rotates in the reverse direction, the first insertion post 9 exits from the first insertion hole 17, and the second insertion post 24 is inserted into the aligned second insertion hole 20. At this time, the second rotating assembly and the hopper 4 form a rigid transmission connection. The motor 7 continues to rotate, which can drive the hopper 4 to rotate clockwise around the hinge axis of the first rotating plate 13 to the extreme position (about 180°) through the second insertion post 24, so that the hopper 4 completely covers the top and side edges of the top protective frame 2, quickly constructing a semi-enclosed protective canopy. This can effectively block sudden rainwater from the outdoors and prevent the safety risk of small materials falling from the top in the working environment. At the same time, the design of a single motor 7 driving a double rotating assembly greatly simplifies the overall transmission structure, reduces the equipment manufacturing cost and the difficulty of later maintenance. The cooperation between the guide rod and the guide cylinder can ensure the straightness of the threaded sleeve movement, avoid the alignment deviation between the insertion post and the insertion hole, and significantly improve the accuracy and smoothness of mode switching.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift, comprising a forklift body (1), characterized in that, The top of the forklift body (1) is provided with a top guard (2), and a fixing plate (3) is fixedly connected to one side of the forklift body (1). A hopper (4) is provided above the fixing plate (3). The top of the fixing plate (3) is provided with a first rotating component for counterclockwise adjustment of the hopper (4) and a second rotating component for clockwise adjustment of the hopper (4). The top of the fixing plate (3) is provided with a transmission component for transmitting the driving force of the first rotating component to the second rotating component. A photoelectric sensor (32) is provided on one side of the first vertical plate (8) to ensure the precise resetting of the hopper (4).

2. The switchable-mode self-unloading forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the forklift body (1) is fixedly connected to a first fixed seat (28), and the inner walls on both sides of the first fixed seat (28) are rotatably connected to rotating seats (29). The bottom of the rotating seat (29) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic cylinder (30), and the top of the fixed plate (3) is fixedly connected to a second fixed seat (31). The second fixed seat (31) is rotatably connected to the rotating seat (29) at the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (30).

3. A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first rotating assembly includes a first vertical plate (8) fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the fixed plate (3), a motor (7) fixedly connected to one side outer wall of the first vertical plate (8), a first rotating plate (13) fixedly connected to one side of the hopper (4), a first threaded screw (12) fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (7), a first threaded sleeve (10) threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the first threaded screw (12), and a first insert (9) fixedly connected to the top of the first threaded sleeve (10).

4. A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first rotating plate (13) and the first vertical plate (8) are provided with a first insertion hole (17) on one side, and the specifications of the first insertion post (9) are the same as those of the first insertion hole (17).

5. A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift according to claim 4, characterized in that, A circular hole (15) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the first vertical plate (8), and the first insert (9) passes through the inside of the circular hole (15).

6. A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first guide rod (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the first vertical plate (8), and a first guide cylinder (11) is slidably connected to the outer circumference of the first guide rod (5). The first guide cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to the first threaded sleeve (10).

7. A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a drive wheel (16) fixedly connected to the end of the first threaded screw (12) away from the motor (7). The outer circumference of the drive wheel (16) is connected to a transmission belt (14), and the drive wheel (16) is connected to a driven wheel (25) via the transmission belt (14).

8. A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second rotating assembly includes a second threaded screw (21) fixedly connected to the inner circumference of the driven wheel (25). The outer circumference of the second threaded screw (21) is threadedly connected to a second threaded sleeve (22). A bent column (23) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second threaded sleeve (22). A second insert (24) is fixedly connected to one end of the bent column (23) away from the second threaded sleeve (22). A second rotating plate (19) is fixedly connected to both sides of the outer wall of the hopper (4). A second vertical plate (18) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the fixed plate (3). A second insertion hole (20) is opened on one side of both the second vertical plate (18) and the second rotating plate (19). The specifications of the second insert (24) and the second insertion hole (20) are compatible.

9. A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift according to claim 8, characterized in that, A second guide rod (26) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second vertical plate (18), and a second guide cylinder (27) is slidably connected to the outer circumference of the second guide rod (26). The second guide cylinder (27) is fixedly connected to the second threaded sleeve (22).

10. A switchable-mode self-unloading forklift according to claim 9, characterized in that, The hopper (4) has a toothed groove (6) on the top outer wall near the first rotating plate (13), and the cross-section of the toothed groove (6) is an isosceles triangle.

Images