A closed-loop hydrogen production system and method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of low-temperature geothermal energy development and green hydrogen production technology, and proposes a closed-loop hydrogen production system and method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy. The system includes: first, defining the optimal water intake area of ​​the geothermal production well; extracting low-temperature geothermal water, which is then purified and pretreated, and subsequently heated in stages using a two-stage heat pump; monitoring the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction in real time, dynamically matching the heat output of the second-stage heat pump, and producing a reduced medium via a thermal reduction reactor; the reduced medium is then fed into a hydrolysis reactor to produce a wet hydrogen gas stream, which is condensed and separated to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen. The condensate is returned to the water intake pretreatment stage to achieve a closed loop, and the crude hydrogen is further purified by adsorption to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen. This invention enables efficient staged heating of low-grade low-temperature geothermal energy, adapts to thermochemical reaction temperature conditions, achieves closed-loop reuse of the medium and water resources, optimizes heat matching logic, and significantly improves the energy efficiency and operational stability of the hydrogen production system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a closed-loop hydrogen production system and method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy, belonging to the field of low-temperature geothermal energy development and green hydrogen production technology. Background Technology

[0002] Low-temperature geothermal hydrogen production technology refers to a clean energy conversion pathway that uses geothermal water as a heat source to decompose water into hydrogen through a thermally driven chemical cycle. It is of great significance for revitalizing my country's abundant low-grade geothermal resources and realizing distributed green hydrogen supply locally.

[0003] Currently, research on geothermal hydrogen production mainly focuses on high-temperature geothermal energy (>150℃) coupled with electrolysis or high-temperature thermochemical cycles, which rely on high-quality heat sources and centralized layouts. For the widely distributed low-temperature geothermal water (40℃-60℃) in my country, existing methods have significant limitations: the systems lack efficient cascade extraction and grade enhancement methods for low-grade heat energy, making it impossible to economically raise it to the 180℃-200℃ temperature window suitable for driving metal oxide redox reactions; the heat supply and demand matching of the reaction units is rigid, making it difficult to achieve closed-loop reuse of the reaction medium and heat, resulting in low system energy efficiency and insufficient operational stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a closed-loop hydrogen production system and method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy. Its main purpose is to achieve efficient step-by-step temperature enhancement of low-grade low-temperature geothermal energy, adapt to thermochemical reaction temperature conditions, realize closed-loop reuse of medium and water resources, optimize heat matching logic, and significantly improve the energy efficiency and operational stability of the hydrogen production system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy, characterized in that the system comprises: The geothermal water heating module is used to determine the optimal water intake area in the geothermal production well, extract the low-temperature geothermal water in the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment to obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water, send the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to heat it to a first temperature range, and then use a preset second-stage heat pump to heat the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to a second temperature range. The thermal reduction module is used to detect in real time the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range, and based on the heat required, determine the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump, so as to use the preset thermal reduction reactor to perform the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range to obtain a reduced medium. The condensation separation module is used to pass the reduced medium into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction, obtain a wet hydrogen gas flow, and condense and separate the wet hydrogen gas flow to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen gas. The purification and pretreatment module is used to return the condensate as the low-temperature geothermal water to the low-temperature geothermal water extracted from the optimal water intake area for purification and pretreatment. The adsorption purification module is used to adsorb and purify the crude hydrogen gas to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas.

[0006] Optionally, the step of passing the reduced medium into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction to obtain a wet hydrogen gas flow includes: The calorific value of the reduced medium before it is introduced into the hydrolysis reactor is detected. Based on the calorific value of the medium state and the packing pore configuration of the oxide metal medium already packed in the hydrolysis reactor, the medium input sequence and single input amount corresponding to the reduced medium are determined. By controlling the input sequence and the single input amount, the reduced medium is controlled to undergo a hydrolysis reaction in the hydrolysis reactor to obtain a wet hydrogen gas flow.

[0007] Optionally, determining the media input sequence and single input amount corresponding to the reduced-state media based on the calorific value of the medium state and the packing pore configuration of the metal oxide media already packed in the hydrolysis reactor includes: Based on the calorific value of the medium state, after deriving the initial hydrogen potential energy of the reduced medium when in contact with water vapor, the transmission attenuation gradient corresponding to each pore section in the packed pore configuration is determined. The transmission attenuation gradient is used to determine the media input sequence of the reduced medium in each channel section. Extract the actual pore volume of the channel segment indicated by the medium input sequence before the reduced medium is loaded, and determine the single input amount of the reduced medium based on the actual pore volume.

[0008] Optionally, the step of extracting low-temperature geothermal water from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment to obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water includes: Geothermal raw water is extracted from the optimal water intake area using a pre-set submersible pump; The geothermal raw water is subjected to sand removal and separation to obtain sand-removed geothermal water; The sand-removed geothermal water is filtered to remove impurities, resulting in filtered geothermal water; After the filtered geothermal water is passed into a pre-set anti-scaling pretreatment device, the target low-temperature geothermal water is obtained.

[0009] Optionally, the step of sending the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to raise its temperature to a first temperature range includes: The initial enthalpy value of the target low-temperature geothermal water before it enters the first-stage heat pump is collected, and the heat load corresponding to the evaporator in the first-stage heat pump is determined based on the initial enthalpy value. After the target low-temperature geothermal water absorbs heat from the low-grade heat source in the evaporator, the intermediate geothermal water after the initial heating is obtained; Based on the preset temperature value of the first-stage heat pump, the heat exchange temperature difference corresponding to the intermediate geothermal water is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the water temperature stably enters the first temperature range.

[0010] Optionally, the step of using a preset second-stage heat pump to heat the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to the second temperature range includes: After obtaining the current temperature of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range at the condenser inlet of the preset second-stage heat pump, the current temperature is compared with the set temperature value of the second temperature range to obtain the temperature difference of the temperature rise. Adjust the operating frequency of the second-stage heat pump compressor according to the temperature difference to convert the working fluid in the preset evaporator into a superheated working fluid; The superheated working fluid is introduced into the condenser to exchange heat with the target low-temperature geothermal water through the indirect wall, thereby raising the temperature of the target low-temperature geothermal water to the second temperature range.

[0011] Optionally, determining the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump based on the heat demand includes: The required heat is converted into the target heat release load corresponding to the condenser in the second-stage heat pump; According to the target heat release load, the operating frequency of the second-stage heat pump compressor is increased until the heat supplied by the condenser in the second-stage heat pump to the preset heat reduction reactor is equal to the required heat, and the heat supplied at the equal level is taken as the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump.

[0012] Optionally, the step of performing a thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range using a preset thermal reduction reactor to obtain a reduced medium includes: Geothermal water within the second temperature range is introduced into an inert atmosphere environment within a pre-designed thermal reduction reactor. Based on the heat energy value within the second temperature range, the metal oxide medium in the thermal reduction reactor is driven to release lattice oxygen at a preset temperature, generating oxygen-containing tail gas and reduction intermediate products. The oxygen-containing tail gas is separated from the reduction intermediate product by the separation mechanism in the thermal reduction reactor, and the separated reduction product is used as a reducing medium.

[0013] Optionally, the step of purifying the crude hydrogen gas by adsorption to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas includes: After the crude hydrogen gas is introduced into a preset pressure swing adsorption tower, the impurities in the crude hydrogen gas are adsorbed by the adsorbent bed in the pressure swing adsorption tower to output intermediate hydrogen gas. The component concentration of residual impurities in the intermediate hydrogen is collected, and based on the component concentration, the inlet rate of the intermediate hydrogen into the preset membrane separator is adjusted so that the membrane separator performs impurity permeation separation on the intermediate hydrogen under the pressure difference across the membrane to obtain high-purity hydrogen. A stream of regeneration purge gas is separated from the high-purity hydrogen and introduced in reverse into the pressure swing adsorption tower that has completed the pressure swing adsorption process, in order to desorb impurities and discharge tail gas. The regenerated gas is then combined with the crude hydrogen and introduced into the pressure swing adsorption tower. At the same time, the undivided high-purity hydrogen is output as high-purity industrial hydrogen.

[0014] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention also provides a closed-loop hydrogen production method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy, characterized in that the method comprises: Determine the optimal water intake area in the geothermal production well, extract the low-temperature geothermal water from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment to obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water, send the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to raise the temperature to a first temperature range, and then use a preset second-stage heat pump to raise the temperature of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to a second temperature range. The heat required for the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range is detected in real time, and the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump is determined based on the heat required, so as to use the preset thermal reduction reactor to perform the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range to obtain a reduced medium. The reduced medium is passed into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction, resulting in a wet hydrogen gas stream. The wet hydrogen gas stream is then condensed and separated to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen. The step of returning the condensate as the low-temperature geothermal water to the low-temperature geothermal water extracted from the optimal water intake area for purification and pretreatment; The crude hydrogen gas is purified by adsorption to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas.

[0015] Compared to the problems described in the background art, the embodiments of the present invention can stably obtain low-temperature geothermal water with suitable temperature, and perform purification pretreatment on the extracted low-temperature geothermal water to avoid impurities and scaling problems, ensuring smooth operation of the system's heat exchange links. The target low-temperature geothermal water is sequentially heated in stages by two-stage heat pumps, which can efficiently raise the low-grade geothermal energy to a temperature range suitable for the reaction requirements. Then, the embodiments of the present invention can detect in real time the heat required by the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range for the thermal reduction reaction, accurately grasp the heat energy consumption status of the reaction link, and determine the high-temperature heat energy output of the second-stage heat pump based on the heat required, so as to accurately match the heat energy supply requirements of the thermal reduction reaction. Next, the embodiments of the present invention introduce the reducing medium into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium for water... The decomposition reaction can stably generate a wet hydrogen gas flow, ensuring the orderly progress of the hydrogen production reaction. Furthermore, the condensation separation process can separate the moisture components in the gas flow, clearly distinguishing between the gaseous and liquid phases, maintaining a stable separation state during the hydrogen production process. In addition, this invention, by returning the condensate as low-temperature geothermal water to the geothermal raw water in the optimal extraction area as part of the purification pretreatment step, enables the recycling of water within the system. The recycled condensate can stably replenish the water required for the process, maintaining a balanced water supply and thus ensuring the stability of the system's water usage. Finally, this invention, through adsorption purification of the crude hydrogen gas, can effectively remove trace impurities, maintaining the purity of the hydrogen components and ensuring that the purity of the hydrogen product meets usage standards. Therefore, this invention can achieve efficient cascaded temperature enhancement of low-grade, low-temperature geothermal energy, adapt to thermochemical reaction temperature conditions, realize closed-loop reuse of media and water resources, optimize heat matching logic, and significantly improve the energy efficiency and operational stability of the hydrogen production system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy is provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop hydrogen production method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a computer device for a closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0017] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0018] This application provides a closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing cryogenic geothermal energy. The executing entity of this closed-loop hydrogen production system includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following electronic devices that can be configured to execute the method provided in this application: a server, a terminal, etc. In other words, the closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing cryogenic geothermal energy can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device. The server includes, but is not limited to, a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server, or a cloud server cluster.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic flow chart of a closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy includes: The closed-loop hydrogen production system 100 utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy described in this invention can be installed in an electronic device. Depending on the functions to be implemented, the closed-loop hydrogen production system includes a geothermal water heating module 101, a thermal reduction module 102, a condensation separation module 103, a purification pretreatment module 104, and an adsorption purification module 105. The module described in this invention can also be referred to as a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by the processor of an electronic device and can perform a fixed function, and are stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0020] In this embodiment of the invention, the functions of each module / unit are as follows: The geothermal water heating module 101 is used to determine the optimal water intake area in the geothermal production well, extract low-temperature geothermal water from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment to obtain target low-temperature geothermal water, send the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to heat it to a first temperature range, and then use a preset second-stage heat pump to heat the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to a second temperature range.

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention can stably obtain low-temperature geothermal water with suitable temperature, and perform purification pretreatment on the extracted low-temperature geothermal water to avoid impurities and scaling problems, ensuring smooth operation of the heat exchange process of the system. The target low-temperature geothermal water is heated in stages through two-stage heat pumps, which can efficiently raise the low-grade geothermal energy to the temperature range suitable for the reaction requirements.

[0022] The geothermal production well refers to a specialized well drilled based on geothermal geological exploration results, used for extracting low-temperature geothermal fluids. Its wellbore structure is adapted to the characteristics of low-temperature geothermal reservoirs, enabling stable extraction of low-temperature geothermal fluids from shallow to medium-deep underground layers. The wellbore is equipped with anti-leakage and anti-formation disturbance structures, providing a stable dedicated channel for geothermal fluid extraction. The optimal water intake area refers to a section within the geothermal production well, determined through geothermal parameter surveys, temperature field and fluid stability testing, where the low-temperature geothermal fluid temperature is stable, the flow rate is sufficient, and the water quality meets heat exchange requirements. This is the core section for low-temperature geothermal fluid collection within the geothermal production well. The low-temperature geothermal water refers to water with a temperature below 90℃, as defined by geothermal resource classification standards. The core zone consists of underground geothermal fluid at 40℃-60℃. This water body is located in underground geothermal reservoirs and serves as the low-temperature geothermal medium providing the basic heat source for the system. The preset first-stage heat pump refers to a low-temperature heat pump device that is pre-set and adapted to the initial temperature of the low-temperature geothermal water. It is the first stage of the two-stage heating unit, using the low-temperature geothermal water as a low-grade heat source. Through the work done by the heat pump circulation, it raises the thermal energy of the low-temperature geothermal fluid to the preset first temperature range. The preset second-stage heat pump refers to a high-temperature heat pump device that is pre-set and receives the heat energy output from the first-stage heat pump. It is the second stage of the two-stage heating unit, using the fluid heated by the first-stage heat pump as a heat source. Through the work done by the heat pump circulation, it further raises the thermal energy to the preset second temperature range.

[0023] Optionally, the determination of the optimal water intake area in a geothermal production well can be achieved through geothermal parameter surveying and temperature field detection methods. For example, downhole temperature sensors can be used to collect geothermal water temperature and flow rate data at different depths within the well segment by segment. Combined with water quality sampling and analysis, the fluid stability and temperature uniformity of each well segment can be compared one by one. Well segments with large temperature fluctuations, insufficient flow, and substandard water quality can be eliminated, and core well segments with stable temperature, sufficient flow, and suitable water quality can be identified. Finally, the optimal water intake area in a geothermal production well can be determined.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of extracting low-temperature geothermal water from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment to obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water includes: Geothermal raw water is extracted from the optimal water intake area using a pre-set submersible pump; The geothermal raw water is subjected to sand removal and separation to obtain sand-removed geothermal water; The sand-removed geothermal water is filtered to remove impurities, resulting in filtered geothermal water; After the filtered geothermal water is passed into a pre-set anti-scaling pretreatment device, the target low-temperature geothermal water is obtained.

[0025] The pre-installed submersible pump refers to a specialized pumping device pre-deployed and installed in the optimal water intake area of ​​the geothermal production well. It is adapted to the low-temperature water environment and installation space within the well and is the core driving equipment for the system's water intake process. The geothermal raw water refers to the original low-temperature underground geothermal fluid directly extracted from the optimal water intake area of ​​the geothermal production well. It has not undergone any purification, filtration, or scale prevention treatment and contains silt, suspended impurities, and easily scale-forming mineral ions, serving as the initial raw material for the purification pretreatment stage. The desanded geothermal water refers to the low-temperature geothermal fluid after desanding and separation treatment to remove silt and large-particle solid impurities from the raw geothermal water. The filtered geothermal water refers to the desanded geothermal water after impurity filtration... After treatment, the low-temperature geothermal fluid is cleaned to remove fine suspended impurities and colloidal particles. The pre-configured anti-scaling pretreatment device is a pre-configured anti-scaling treatment device adapted to the low-temperature geothermal fluid. It adopts a synergistic treatment structure of electromagnetic anti-scaling and scale inhibitor, which can act on easily scale-forming mineral ions in the filtered geothermal water. It is a special device for completing the anti-scaling treatment in the purification pretreatment. The target low-temperature geothermal water refers to the low-temperature geothermal fluid that meets the system heat exchange and heat pump operation requirements after being treated by the anti-scaling pretreatment device. It has completed the entire pretreatment process of sand removal, filtration, and anti-scaling, and its temperature is in the range of 40℃-60℃. It is a qualified heat source medium for entering the cascade heat pump unit.

[0026] Furthermore, as an embodiment of the present invention, the step of sending the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to raise its temperature to a first temperature range includes: The initial enthalpy value of the target low-temperature geothermal water before it enters the first-stage heat pump is collected, and the heat load corresponding to the evaporator in the first-stage heat pump is determined based on the initial enthalpy value. After the target low-temperature geothermal water absorbs heat from the low-grade heat source in the evaporator, the intermediate geothermal water after the initial heating is obtained; Based on the preset temperature value of the first-stage heat pump, the heat exchange temperature difference corresponding to the intermediate geothermal water is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the water temperature stably enters the first temperature range.

[0027] The initial enthalpy value refers to the enthalpy parameter per unit mass of fluid before the target low-temperature geothermal water enters the first-stage heat pump evaporator, which is determined by the temperature, pressure, and medium composition of the geothermal water; the heat load refers to the total amount of heat energy that the first-stage heat pump evaporator needs to obtain from the geothermal fluid per unit time, determined based on the initial enthalpy value of the target low-temperature geothermal water; the low-grade heat source heat refers to the low-grade geothermal heat energy carried by the target low-temperature geothermal water itself, with a temperature in the range of 40℃-60℃, which is the heat source input for the first-stage heat pump evaporator; the intermediate state Geothermal water refers to the transitional geothermal fluid in which the target low-temperature geothermal water absorbs heat through the first-stage heat pump evaporator and completes its initial temperature rise, but the water temperature has not yet reached the first temperature range standard. The supplementary heating temperature difference refers to the temperature difference that the first-stage heat pump needs to supplement to raise the temperature of the intermediate geothermal water to the first temperature range, which is derived from the preset temperature value of the heat pump and the real-time water temperature of the intermediate geothermal water. The first temperature range refers to the preset temperature range of 80℃-90℃ that the first-stage heat pump needs to achieve after completing the initial temperature rise of the target low-temperature geothermal water, which is the first target temperature value of the two-stage heat pump heating.

[0028] Furthermore, as an embodiment of the present invention, the step of using a preset second-stage heat pump to heat the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to the second temperature range includes: After obtaining the current temperature of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range at the condenser inlet of the preset second-stage heat pump, the current temperature is compared with the set temperature value of the second temperature range to obtain the temperature difference of the temperature rise. Adjust the operating frequency of the second-stage heat pump compressor according to the temperature difference to convert the working fluid in the preset evaporator into a superheated working fluid; The superheated working fluid is introduced into the condenser to exchange heat with the target low-temperature geothermal water through the indirect wall, thereby raising the temperature of the target low-temperature geothermal water to the second temperature range.

[0029] The set temperature value refers to the reference value of the condenser outlet temperature preset by the second-stage heat pump to make the geothermal water reach the target temperature range, which is determined by the temperature requirements of the subsequent heat utilization links of the system; the temperature difference refers to the difference between the current temperature of the geothermal water in the first temperature range at the inlet of the second-stage heat pump condenser and the set temperature value of the second temperature range, which is obtained by comparing the real-time temperature detection with the set value; the operating frequency refers to the number of times the second-stage heat pump compressor rotates per unit time, which is the core operating parameter of the compressor and is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature difference, directly determining the circulation speed and heat energy conversion intensity of the heat pump working fluid; the superheated working fluid refers to the gaseous working fluid in the evaporator of the second-stage heat pump whose temperature exceeds the saturation temperature after absorbing heat energy. After the working fluid completes the phase change, it further absorbs heat to form a superheated state, which is the heat energy transfer carrier for indirect heat exchange with the geothermal water in the condenser; the second temperature range refers to the final preset temperature range that the second-stage heat pump needs to reach after heating the geothermal water in the first temperature range, which is the target temperature range of 180℃-200℃ for the two-stage heat pump.

[0030] The thermal reduction module 102 is used to detect in real time the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range, and based on the heat required, determine the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump, so as to use the preset thermal reduction reactor to perform the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range to obtain a reduced medium.

[0031] This invention provides a method for real-time detection of the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction using target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range. This allows for precise control of the heat energy consumption status in the reaction process, and the determination of the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump based on the heat required, thus accurately matching the heat energy supply demand of the thermal reduction reaction.

[0032] The heat required refers to the total heat energy required per unit time to maintain the stable progress of the thermal reduction reaction when the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range participates in the thermal reduction reaction. It is determined by parameters such as reaction temperature, material quantity, and reaction rate. The high-temperature heat energy refers to the high-quality heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump based on the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction, with the temperature within the second temperature range. This heat energy is formed after being heated by two-stage cascade heat pumps. The pre-configured thermal reduction reactor refers to a specially designed reaction device adapted to low-temperature thermochemical cycles. It adopts a fluidized bed or moving bed structure and is equipped with multiple layers of air distribution plates and an internal cyclone separator. It can carry out the thermal reduction reaction under inert atmosphere or negative pressure conditions, providing a dedicated sealed working space for the reaction. The reduced medium refers to the reaction product generated by the thermal reduction reaction of iron-based or manganese-based metal oxides after absorbing high-temperature heat energy in the pre-configured thermal reduction reactor and releasing lattice oxygen. It is formed by the conversion of oxidized metal oxides and is the intermediate reaction material obtained after the completion of the thermal reduction reaction.

[0033] Optionally, the real-time detection of the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range can be achieved through a heat balance calculation method. For example, by real-time acquisition of the inlet temperature, outlet temperature, and real-time flow rate of the geothermal water in the second temperature range, combined with the reaction temperature, working pressure, and medium circulation rate in the thermal reduction reactor, the heat energy consumption value of the reaction process is calculated according to the thermodynamic heat balance formula, while deducting the normal heat dissipation loss of the system, and finally obtaining the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction.

[0034] Furthermore, as an embodiment of the present invention, determining the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump based on the heat demand includes: The required heat is converted into the target heat release load corresponding to the condenser in the second-stage heat pump; According to the target heat release load, the operating frequency of the second-stage heat pump compressor is increased until the heat supplied by the condenser in the second-stage heat pump to the preset heat reduction reactor is equal to the required heat, and the heat supplied at the equal level is taken as the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump.

[0035] The target heat release load refers to the rated heat energy that the second-stage heat pump condenser must release to the preset heat reduction reactor per unit time, obtained directly from the heat required by the heat reduction reaction. The operating frequency refers to the frequency of operation of the second-stage heat pump compressor per unit time, which is the core operating control parameter of the compressor. It is dynamically adjusted according to the target heat release load and directly determines the compressor's working intensity and the heat exchange rate of the working fluid circulation. The supplied heat refers to the real-time heat energy value that the second-stage heat pump condenser actually delivers to the preset heat reduction reactor after the compressor's working adjustment. This value changes dynamically with the adjustment of the operating frequency, and when it is equal to the heat required, it is the actual heat supply value that matches the reaction demand.

[0036] Furthermore, as an embodiment of the present invention, the step of performing a thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range using a preset thermal reduction reactor to obtain a reduced medium includes: Geothermal water within the second temperature range is introduced into an inert atmosphere environment within a pre-designed thermal reduction reactor. Based on the heat energy value within the second temperature range, the metal oxide medium in the thermal reduction reactor is driven to release lattice oxygen at a preset temperature, generating oxygen-containing tail gas and reduction intermediate products. The oxygen-containing tail gas is separated from the reduction intermediate product by the separation mechanism in the thermal reduction reactor, and the separated reduction product is used as a reducing medium.

[0037] The pre-set thermal reduction reactor refers to a specialized reaction device pre-configured for low-temperature thermochemical reduction reactions. It employs a fluidized bed or moving bed structure and incorporates multiple layers of air distribution plates and an internal cyclone separator to create a negative pressure or inert atmosphere, providing a sealed reaction space for the thermal reduction reaction of the metal oxide medium. The inert atmosphere refers to an oxygen-free reaction atmosphere filled with inert gases such as nitrogen and argon, located inside the pre-set thermal reduction reactor to isolate external air from the reaction medium and maintain the stability of the gas composition of the reaction system. The metal oxide medium refers to iron-based or manganese-based metal oxide materials used in low-temperature thermochemical cycles. As the core reactant in the thermal reduction reaction, it possesses the characteristic of releasing and binding lattice oxygen within the pre-set reactor. Redox transitions can occur within the temperature range; the lattice oxygen refers to oxygen atoms bonded within the crystal structure of the metal oxide medium, which is an inherent component of the medium. Under the preset temperature and thermal energy drive of the thermal reduction reaction, it can be released from the crystal structure of the medium and is the oxygen component released during the thermal reduction reaction; the oxygen-containing tail gas refers to the gas mixture formed by the release of lattice oxygen from the metal oxide medium and the inert gas in the reactor. Its main components are inert gas and released oxygen, and it is a gaseous product of the thermal reduction reaction; the reduction intermediate product refers to the solid-phase reaction product initially generated after the release of lattice oxygen from the metal oxide medium. It is in a transitional state of incomplete reduction and is a transitional solid-phase material in the process of thermal reduction reaction.

[0038] The condensation separation module 103 is used to pass the reduced medium into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction, obtain a wet hydrogen gas flow, and condense and separate the wet hydrogen gas flow to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen gas.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, a reduced medium is introduced into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction, which can stably generate a wet hydrogen gas flow, ensuring the orderly progress of the hydrogen production reaction. Furthermore, the condensation separation process can separate the moisture component in the gas flow, clearly distinguish the gas phase and liquid phase materials, and maintain a stable separation state in the hydrogen production process.

[0040] The wet hydrogen gas stream refers to the hydrogen mixture directly generated after the reduced medium undergoes a hydrolysis reaction with water vapor in the hydrolysis reactor. This gas stream has hydrogen as its core component and is accompanied by a large amount of saturated water vapor. The condensate refers to the liquid water formed when the saturated water vapor in the wet hydrogen gas stream is cooled and liquefied after entering the condensation separation stage. The crude hydrogen gas refers to the main hydrogen component remaining after the wet hydrogen gas stream has undergone condensation separation to remove the liquefied water vapor. This component has had most of its liquid water removed but still contains a small amount of trace impurities. It has not undergone deep refining and is the primary hydrogen product obtained after the condensation separation process.

[0041] As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of passing the reduced medium into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction to obtain a wet hydrogen gas flow includes: The calorific value of the reduced medium before it is introduced into the hydrolysis reactor is detected. Based on the calorific value of the medium state and the packing pore configuration of the oxide metal medium already packed in the hydrolysis reactor, the medium input sequence and single input amount corresponding to the reduced medium are determined. By controlling the input sequence and the single input amount, the reduced medium is controlled to undergo a hydrolysis reaction in the hydrolysis reactor to obtain a wet hydrogen gas flow.

[0042] The calorific value of the medium refers to the reaction heat energy parameter per unit mass of the medium before it is introduced into the hydrolysis reactor, which is determined by the degree of reduction of the medium, the real-time temperature, and the state of the components. The packing pore configuration refers to the overall spatial structure of the pore distribution, size, and connectivity formed by the packing of the metal oxide medium inside the hydrolysis reactor, which is determined by the medium particle size, packing method, and density. The medium input sequence refers to the order and location of the reduced medium being introduced into the hydrolysis reactor, determined by the calorific value of the medium and the packing pore configuration, and planned and set according to the reaction space distribution rules. It is a feeding sequence parameter for controlling the distribution of the reduced medium in the reactor. The single input amount refers to the mass value of the reduced medium added to the hydrolysis reactor each time, determined by the calorific value of the medium, the packing pore configuration, and the input sequence. It is the core parameter for quantitative control of feeding and a standardized feeding amount value that matches the reaction conditions in the reactor.

[0043] Furthermore, as another embodiment of the present invention, determining the media input sequence and single input amount corresponding to the reduced-state media based on the calorific value of the medium state and the packing pore configuration of the oxide metal medium already packed in the hydrolysis reactor includes: Based on the calorific value of the medium state, after deriving the initial hydrogen potential energy of the reduced medium when in contact with water vapor, the transmission attenuation gradient corresponding to each pore section in the packed pore configuration is determined. The transmission attenuation gradient is used to determine the media input sequence of the reduced medium in each channel section. Extract the actual pore volume of the channel segment indicated by the medium input sequence before the reduced medium is loaded, and determine the single input amount of the reduced medium based on the actual pore volume.

[0044] The initial hydrogen potential energy refers to the potential energy parameter of hydrogen generated per unit mass of medium participating in the hydrolysis reaction during the initial contact between the reduced medium and water vapor in the hydrolysis reactor. It is directly derived from the calorific value of the medium and reflects the hydrogen production potential of the medium in the initial stage of the reaction. The transmission attenuation gradient refers to the rate at which the transmission efficiency of heat energy, reaction medium and water vapor decreases with increasing transmission distance in each pore section of the oxide metal medium packing pores in the hydrolysis reactor. It is determined by the pore size, connectivity and medium packing density. The actual pore volume refers to the true effective space volume of each pore section pointed to by the medium input sequence in the hydrolysis reactor before the reduced medium is loaded.

[0045] Optionally, the condensation and separation of the wet hydrogen gas flow to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen can be achieved by an indirect condensation and separation method. For example, a shell-and-tube condenser heat exchanger can be used as the actuator, and low-temperature cooling water can be used as the cooling medium. The wet hydrogen gas flow is made to circulate in the heat exchange tubes, and the cooling water exchanges heat in the shell side in the opposite direction. The water vapor in the gas flow is liquefied by cooling through the partition wall, and then the gas and liquid phases are separated by a gas-liquid separator, thereby achieving the condensation and separation of the wet hydrogen gas flow to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen.

[0046] The purification pretreatment module 104 is used to return the condensate as the low-temperature geothermal water to the low-temperature geothermal water extracted from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment.

[0047] This invention enables the recycling and reuse of water within the system by returning condensate as low-temperature geothermal water to the geothermal raw water extraction area for purification and pretreatment. Furthermore, the recycled condensate can stably replenish the water required for the process, maintaining a balanced water supply and thus ensuring the stability of the system's water usage.

[0048] In detail, the step of returning the condensate as the low-temperature geothermal water to the low-temperature geothermal water extracted from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment can be achieved through a closed-loop reflux transport method. For example, a booster reflux pump with a dedicated reflux pipeline is used. First, the condensate is tested for water quality and its temperature is adjusted. Then, it is transported to the mixing section at the front end of the pretreatment process to merge with the newly extracted low-temperature geothermal water. The reflux transport rate is stabilized by a flow control valve, and the pipeline is kept closed throughout the process, thereby enabling the condensate to return as low-temperature geothermal water and enter the purification pretreatment stage.

[0049] The adsorption and purification module 105 is used to adsorb and purify the crude hydrogen gas to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas.

[0050] This invention purifies crude hydrogen gas through adsorption, effectively removing trace impurities and maintaining the purity of the hydrogen components, thereby ensuring that the purity of the hydrogen product meets the usage standards.

[0051] The high-purity industrial hydrogen refers to a high-purity gaseous medium formed after crude hydrogen is processed by adsorption purification. This process removes residual trace amounts of water vapor, light impurities, and trace gaseous components from the gas stream. The hydrogen component ratio is within the range of commonly used high-purity industrial applications. It is a standardized hydrogen material formed after the purification process is completed.

[0052] As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of adsorption purification of the crude hydrogen gas to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas includes: After the crude hydrogen gas is introduced into a preset pressure swing adsorption tower, the impurities in the crude hydrogen gas are adsorbed by the adsorbent bed in the pressure swing adsorption tower to output intermediate hydrogen gas. The component concentration of residual impurities in the intermediate hydrogen is collected, and based on the component concentration, the inlet rate of the intermediate hydrogen into the preset membrane separator is adjusted so that the membrane separator performs impurity permeation separation on the intermediate hydrogen under the pressure difference across the membrane to obtain high-purity hydrogen. A stream of regeneration purge gas is separated from the high-purity hydrogen and introduced in reverse into the pressure swing adsorption tower that has completed the pressure swing adsorption process, in order to desorb impurities and discharge tail gas. The regenerated gas is then combined with the crude hydrogen and introduced into the pressure swing adsorption tower. At the same time, the undivided high-purity hydrogen is output as high-purity industrial hydrogen.

[0053] The pre-installed pressure swing adsorption (PSA) tower refers to a pre-configured tower-type gas treatment device. The tower is filled with a bed of shaped adsorbent and equipped with an airflow distribution and pressure control structure. It relies on alternating pressure changes to achieve gaseous impurity adsorption and desorption, adapting to the flow conditions of crude hydrogen and providing a dedicated sealed treatment chamber for preliminary impurity separation of crude hydrogen. The intermediate hydrogen refers to the transitional gaseous material formed after the crude hydrogen stream passes through the pre-installed PSA tower and completes preliminary impurity adsorption. The component concentration refers to the percentage of various residual impurity components in the intermediate hydrogen within the overall gas volume, encompassing indicators such as trace water vapor and light impurities. The pre-installed membrane separator refers to a device pre-equipped with a special... The gas separation device of the polymer separation membrane module relies on the sieving characteristics of the membrane itself to create component permeation differences under the action of pressure difference on both sides. It can perform deep sieving of hydrogen containing trace impurities and is used to complete the fine separation treatment of hydrogen. The gas inlet rate refers to the flow rate of intermediate hydrogen into the preset membrane separator per unit time, which can be dynamically adjusted according to the detected component concentration. The high-purity hydrogen refers to the high-purity gas phase medium formed after the intermediate hydrogen has passed through the preset membrane separator for deep sieving of impurities. The proportion of internal impurities is at an extremely low level, the gas phase component structure is stable, and gas flow can be split. Part of it is used as the equipment regeneration gas source, and the rest is the finished product gas source.

[0054] In detail, such as Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic of a closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy according to the present invention. Geothermal water is drawn from a geothermal production well. One path leads to a first-stage low-temperature heat pump via a geothermal heat extraction unit, forming a cascade heating loop with a second-stage high-temperature heat pump (connected in series) to provide a high-temperature heat source for the thermal reduction reactor. Another path, after being treated by a filtration and sand removal device, is pumped by a water intake pump to an anti-scaling pretreatment device, forming pretreated low-temperature geothermal water. This pretreated geothermal water is then fed into a low-temperature thermochemical hydrogen production reaction unit, where thermal reduction and hydrolysis reactions are completed in the thermal reduction reactor and hydrolysis reactor. A media regeneration loop and a high-temperature solid media heat exchanger work together to complete media heat exchange and regeneration. The reaction products undergo a three-stage separation process before entering a gas-liquid separation and hydrogen purification unit, producing high-purity industrial hydrogen. The separated condensate is returned via pipeline, forming a closed-loop loop with a reinjection pump and a temperature control unit. An automatic control unit controls the operation of the entire system through flow regulation, pressure regulation, and safety interlock modules.

[0055] In summary, compared to the problems described in the background art, the embodiments of the present invention can stably obtain low-temperature geothermal water with suitable temperature, and the extracted low-temperature geothermal water is pre-treated for purification to avoid impurities and scaling problems, ensuring smooth operation of the system's heat exchange links. The target low-temperature geothermal water is sequentially heated in stages via two-stage heat pumps, efficiently raising the low-grade geothermal energy to a temperature range suitable for the reaction requirements. Next, the embodiments of the present invention monitor in real time the heat required by the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range for the thermal reduction reaction, accurately grasping the heat energy consumption state of the reaction link, and determining the high-temperature heat energy output of the second-stage heat pump based on this heat requirement, thus accurately matching the heat energy supply requirements of the thermal reduction reaction. Finally, the embodiments of the present invention introduce the reducing medium into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium... The hydrolysis reaction stably generates a wet hydrogen gas stream, ensuring the orderly progress of the hydrogen production reaction. Furthermore, the condensation separation process separates the moisture components in the gas stream, clearly distinguishing between the gaseous and liquid phases, maintaining a stable separation state during the hydrogen production process. In this embodiment, the condensate is returned as low-temperature geothermal water to the geothermal raw water in the optimal extraction area for purification and pretreatment. This enables the recycling and reuse of water within the system, and the returned condensate can stably replenish the water required for the process, maintaining a balanced water supply and ensuring system water stability. Finally, the adsorption purification of crude hydrogen effectively removes trace impurities, maintaining the purity of the hydrogen components and ensuring that the purity of the hydrogen product meets usage standards. Therefore, this invention achieves efficient, stepped temperature enhancement of low-grade, low-temperature geothermal energy, adapts to thermochemical reaction temperature conditions, realizes closed-loop reuse of media and water resources, optimizes heat matching logic, and significantly improves the energy efficiency and operational stability of the hydrogen production system.

[0056] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic flow chart of a closed-loop hydrogen production method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the closed-loop hydrogen production method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy includes: S1. Determine the optimal water intake area in the geothermal production well, extract the low-temperature geothermal water from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment, obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water, send the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to heat it to a first temperature range, and then use a preset second-stage heat pump to heat the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to a second temperature range. S2. Real-time detection of the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range, and based on the heat required, determining the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump, so as to use the preset thermal reduction reactor to perform the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range to obtain a reduced medium. S3. The reduced medium is passed into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction, to obtain a wet hydrogen gas stream, and the wet hydrogen gas stream is condensed and separated to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen gas. S4. The step of returning the condensate as the low-temperature geothermal water to the low-temperature geothermal water extracted from the optimal water intake area for purification and pretreatment. S5. The crude hydrogen gas is purified by adsorption to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas.

[0057] In detail, each step in the closed-loop hydrogen production method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy described in this embodiment of the invention adopts the same method as described above. Figure 1 The technology used is the same as that of the closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy described in the article, and can produce the same technical effects, so it will not be repeated here.

[0058] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a client, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, network interface, and database connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile and / or volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The network interface is used for communication with external clients via a network connection. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements functions or steps on the server or client side of a closed-cycle hydrogen production system utilizing cryogenic geothermal energy.

[0059] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps: S1. Determine the optimal water intake area in the geothermal production well, extract the low-temperature geothermal water from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment, obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water, send the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to heat it to a first temperature range, and then use a preset second-stage heat pump to heat the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to a second temperature range. S2. Real-time detection of the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range, and based on the heat required, determining the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump, so as to use the preset thermal reduction reactor to perform the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range to obtain a reduced medium. S3. The reduced medium is passed into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction, to obtain a wet hydrogen gas stream, and the wet hydrogen gas stream is condensed and separated to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen gas. S4. The step of returning the condensate as the low-temperature geothermal water to the low-temperature geothermal water extracted from the optimal water intake area for purification and pretreatment. S5. The crude hydrogen gas is purified by adsorption to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas.

[0060] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program performing the following steps when executed by a processor: S1. Determine the optimal water intake area in the geothermal production well, extract the low-temperature geothermal water from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment, obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water, send the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to heat it to a first temperature range, and then use a preset second-stage heat pump to heat the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to a second temperature range. S2. Real-time detection of the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range, and based on the heat required, determining the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump, so as to use the preset thermal reduction reactor to perform the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range to obtain a reduced medium. S3. The reduced medium is passed into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction, to obtain a wet hydrogen gas stream, and the wet hydrogen gas stream is condensed and separated to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen gas. S4. The step of returning the condensate as the low-temperature geothermal water to the low-temperature geothermal water extracted from the optimal water intake area for purification and pretreatment. S5. The crude hydrogen gas is purified by adsorption to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas.

[0061] It should be noted that the functions or steps that can be implemented by the computer-readable storage medium or computer device described above can be referred to the relevant descriptions on the server side and client side in the foregoing method embodiments. To avoid repetition, they will not be described one by one here.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Furthermore, any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0064] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that in the above embodiments, each embodiment can be combined with each other or independent. Deleting any one of them will not affect the technical implementation of other embodiments. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy, characterized in that, The system includes: The geothermal water heating module is used to determine the optimal water intake area in the geothermal production well, extract the low-temperature geothermal water in the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment to obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water, send the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to heat it to a first temperature range, and then use a preset second-stage heat pump to heat the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to a second temperature range. The thermal reduction module is used to detect in real time the heat required for the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range, and based on the heat required, determine the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump, so as to use the preset thermal reduction reactor to perform the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range to obtain a reduced medium. The condensation separation module is used to pass the reduced medium into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction, obtain a wet hydrogen gas flow, and condense and separate the wet hydrogen gas flow to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen gas. The purification and pretreatment module is used to return the condensate as the low-temperature geothermal water to the low-temperature geothermal water extracted from the optimal water intake area for purification and pretreatment. The adsorption purification module is used to adsorb and purify the crude hydrogen gas to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas.

2. The closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of passing the reduced medium into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction and obtain a wet hydrogen gas flow includes: The calorific value of the reduced medium before it is introduced into the hydrolysis reactor is detected. Based on the calorific value of the medium state and the packing pore configuration of the oxide metal medium already packed in the hydrolysis reactor, the medium input sequence and single input amount corresponding to the reduced medium are determined. By controlling the input sequence and the single input amount, the reduced medium is controlled to undergo a hydrolysis reaction in the hydrolysis reactor to obtain a wet hydrogen gas flow.

3. A closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the media input sequence and single input amount corresponding to the reduced-state media based on the calorific value of the medium state and the packing pore configuration of the metal oxide medium already packed in the hydrolysis reactor includes: Based on the calorific value of the medium state, after deriving the initial hydrogen potential energy of the reduced medium when in contact with water vapor, the transmission attenuation gradient corresponding to each pore section in the packed pore configuration is determined. The transmission attenuation gradient is used to determine the media input sequence of the reduced medium in each channel section. Extract the actual pore volume of the channel segment indicated by the medium input sequence before the reduced medium is loaded, and determine the single input amount of the reduced medium based on the actual pore volume.

4. A closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of extracting low-temperature geothermal water from the optimal water intake area and performing purification pretreatment to obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water includes: Geothermal raw water is extracted from the optimal water intake area using a pre-set submersible pump; The geothermal raw water is subjected to sand removal and separation to obtain sand-removed geothermal water; The sand-removed geothermal water is filtered to remove impurities, resulting in filtered geothermal water; After the filtered geothermal water is passed into a pre-set anti-scaling pretreatment device, the target low-temperature geothermal water is obtained.

5. A closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of sending the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to raise its temperature to a first temperature range includes: The initial enthalpy value of the target low-temperature geothermal water before it enters the first-stage heat pump is collected, and the heat load corresponding to the evaporator in the first-stage heat pump is determined based on the initial enthalpy value. After the target low-temperature geothermal water absorbs heat from the low-grade heat source in the evaporator, the intermediate geothermal water after the initial heating is obtained; Based on the preset temperature value of the first-stage heat pump, the heat exchange temperature difference corresponding to the intermediate geothermal water is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the water temperature stably enters the first temperature range.

6. A closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using a pre-set second-stage heat pump to raise the temperature of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to the second temperature range includes: After obtaining the current temperature of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range at the condenser inlet of the preset second-stage heat pump, the current temperature is compared with the set temperature value of the second temperature range to obtain the temperature difference of the temperature rise. Adjust the operating frequency of the second-stage heat pump compressor according to the temperature difference to convert the working fluid in the preset evaporator into a superheated working fluid; The superheated working fluid is introduced into the condenser to exchange heat with the target low-temperature geothermal water through the indirect wall, thereby raising the temperature of the target low-temperature geothermal water to the second temperature range.

7. A closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump based on the heat demand includes: The required heat is converted into the target heat release load corresponding to the condenser in the second-stage heat pump; According to the target heat release load, the operating frequency of the second-stage heat pump compressor is increased until the heat supplied by the condenser in the second-stage heat pump to the preset heat reduction reactor is equal to the required heat, and the heat supplied at the equal level is taken as the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump.

8. A closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing a thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range using a pre-set thermal reduction reactor to obtain a reduced medium includes: Geothermal water within the second temperature range is introduced into an inert atmosphere environment within a pre-designed thermal reduction reactor. Based on the heat energy value within the second temperature range, the metal oxide medium in the thermal reduction reactor is driven to release lattice oxygen at a preset temperature, generating oxygen-containing tail gas and reduction intermediate products. The oxygen-containing tail gas is separated from the reduction intermediate product by the separation mechanism in the thermal reduction reactor, and the separated reduction product is used as a reducing medium.

9. A closed-loop hydrogen production system utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of purifying the crude hydrogen gas by adsorption to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas includes: After the crude hydrogen gas is introduced into a preset pressure swing adsorption tower, the impurities in the crude hydrogen gas are adsorbed by the adsorbent bed in the pressure swing adsorption tower to output intermediate hydrogen gas. The component concentration of residual impurities in the intermediate hydrogen is collected, and based on the component concentration, the inlet rate of the intermediate hydrogen into the preset membrane separator is adjusted so that the membrane separator performs impurity permeation separation on the intermediate hydrogen under the pressure difference across the membrane to obtain high-purity hydrogen. A stream of regeneration purge gas is separated from the high-purity hydrogen and introduced in reverse into the pressure swing adsorption tower that has completed the pressure swing adsorption process, in order to desorb impurities and discharge tail gas. The regenerated gas is then combined with the crude hydrogen and introduced into the pressure swing adsorption tower. At the same time, the undivided high-purity hydrogen is output as high-purity industrial hydrogen.

10. A closed-loop hydrogen production method utilizing low-temperature geothermal energy, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the optimal water intake area in the geothermal production well, extract the low-temperature geothermal water from the optimal water intake area for purification pretreatment to obtain the target low-temperature geothermal water, send the target low-temperature geothermal water into a preset first-stage heat pump to raise the temperature to a first temperature range, and then use a preset second-stage heat pump to raise the temperature of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the first temperature range to a second temperature range. The heat required for the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range is detected in real time, and the high-temperature heat energy output by the second-stage heat pump is determined based on the heat required, so as to use the preset thermal reduction reactor to perform the thermal reduction reaction of the target low-temperature geothermal water in the second temperature range to obtain a reduced medium. The reduced medium is passed into a hydrolysis reactor containing an oxide metal medium to carry out a hydrolysis reaction, resulting in a wet hydrogen gas stream. The wet hydrogen gas stream is then condensed and separated to obtain condensate and crude hydrogen. The step of returning the condensate as the low-temperature geothermal water to the low-temperature geothermal water extracted from the optimal water intake area for purification and pretreatment; The crude hydrogen gas is purified by adsorption to obtain high-purity industrial hydrogen gas.

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