A refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of solution purification technology, specifically a purification device for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace; an extraction tank; a feeding pipe installed at the top of the extraction tank; a filter plate fitted inside the feeding pipe, the two slidingly engaged; a positioning and energy-reducing component installed inside the feeding pipe; the positioning and energy-reducing component includes a positioning cavity disposed inside the feeding pipe; a main control device for impurity removal is disposed on the feeding pipe; the main control device for impurity removal includes a fixing L-plate mounted on the filter plate; a fixing cylinder disposed at the top of the feeding pipe; the fixing L-plate is located at the top of the feeding pipe; the end of the fixing cylinder away from the fixing L-plate extends through into the positioning cavity; the fixing cylinder and the feeding pipe slidely engage; this facilitates the external cleaning of impurities trapped on the filter plate, avoiding a continuous decrease in filtration efficiency and an increase in resistance, not only improving the purification efficiency of the device but also reducing the limitations of the device's use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solution refining technology, specifically a refining device for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, before the crude carbon ash produced by the fullerene vacuum arc furnace enters the extraction tank for solvent purification, a filter plate is usually installed at the top feeding port of the tank to intercept large particulate impurities in the material. The crude carbon ash prepared by the arc method inevitably contains impurities such as incompletely evaporated graphite fragments, electrode metal debris, and oxide scale in the reaction chamber. If pre-filtration is not performed, it is very easy to clog subsequent pipeline valves, wear pump impellers, and scratch precision filter membranes, which not only seriously affects the continuity of production, but also reduces the purification accuracy.

[0003] However, the impurities trapped on the existing filter plates are difficult to clean, which leads to a continuous decline in filtration efficiency and an increase in filtration resistance. This not only reduces the purification efficiency of the device but also increases the limitations of the device's use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a refining device for a fullerene vacuum electric arc furnace, which effectively solves the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace, comprising an extraction tank; a feeding pipe is installed on the top of the extraction tank; a filter plate is fitted inside the feeding pipe, and the two are slidably connected; a positioning and energy-reducing component is provided inside the feeding pipe to reduce the impact on the filter plate during operation; the positioning and energy-reducing component includes a positioning cavity disposed inside the feeding pipe; a main control device for impurity removal is provided on the feeding pipe for cleaning impurities trapped on the filter plate; the main control device for impurity removal includes a fixing L-plate, which is installed on the filter plate; A retaining cylinder is disposed at the top of the feeding pipe; the retaining L-plate is located at the top of the feeding pipe; the end of the retaining cylinder away from the retaining L-plate extends through into the positioning cavity; the retaining cylinder is slidably engaged with the feeding pipe; A quick-release loading and unloading unit is installed on the fixed cylinder; the quick-release loading and unloading unit is located at the top of the feeding pipe and is used for the installation and removal of the filter plate; the quick-release loading and unloading unit includes a fixed cylinder, which is fitted and connected inside the fixed cylinder; the fixed cylinder and the fixed cylinder are in sliding fit; the end of the fixed cylinder away from the feeding pipe is connected to the fixed L plate.

[0006] Preferably, it includes a guide chute, which is disposed at the top of the feeding pipe; The guide slider is fitted into the guide groove; the guide slider and the guide groove slide together. Guide frame, mounted on guide slider; The reciprocating base is connected to the top of the feeding pipe; The repeating slide column is connected through the repeating base to the side near the guide slider; the repeating slide column and the repeating base are in sliding engagement; The repeating block is installed on the repeating sliding column.

[0007] Preferably, it includes a guide cylinder connected within a guide groove; the guide cylinder and the guide slider are connected through each other and slide in cooperation. A guide spring is sleeved on a guide cylinder; one end of the guide spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the guide groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide slider. A repeating spring is sleeved on a repeating sliding column; one end of the repeating spring is fixedly connected to the repeating long block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the repeating base; A bent rod is installed at the end of the repeating slide block away from the repeating long block; the end of the bent rod away from the repeating slide block is located inside the guide frame; the bottom surface of the guide frame is located on the moving path of the bent rod.

[0008] Preferably, it includes a retaining spring, which is disposed inside the retaining cylinder; one end of the retaining spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the retaining cylinder, and the other end is located on the moving path of the end of the retaining cylinder away from the retaining L plate. A retaining base is installed on the outer wall of the retaining cylinder; the retaining base is located at the top of the feeding pipe; Locking square post, connected to the fixed base; A locking slider is connected through the locking square post; the locking slider and the locking square post are in sliding engagement; a locking limiting plate is connected to the end of the locking square post away from the fixed base; A locking spring is sleeved on a locking square post; one end of the locking spring is fixedly connected to a locking limit plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to a locking slider.

[0009] Preferably, it includes a locking cross plate, which is mounted on a locking slider; The locking block is fixedly connected to the side of the locking horizontal plate near the retaining cylinder. A locking slot is provided through the stationary cylinder on the side near the locking plate; several locking slots are arranged at equal intervals; the locking block passes through the stationary cylinder and connects to one of the locking slots.

[0010] Preferably, a guide plate is installed on the guide slider; an auxiliary cylinder is connected through the guide plate on the side near the top of the feeding pipe; the auxiliary cylinder is slidably engaged with the guide plate; a scraper is installed at the end of the auxiliary cylinder near the top of the feeding pipe; the scraper is located on the moving path of the top of the filter plate; an auxiliary spring is sleeved on the auxiliary cylinder; one end of the auxiliary spring is fixedly connected to the scraper, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide plate.

[0011] Preferably, it includes a rotating base installed on the top of the feeding pipe; a rotating shaft is installed on the rotating base; a ratchet is connected to the rotating shaft; the tooth grooves on the ratchet engage with the tooth blocks on the retaining L plate, which are used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in one direction when the retaining L plate reciprocates; a rotating cam is installed on the rotating shaft; the side of the repeating block away from the repeating slide is located on the rotation path of the rotating cam sidewall.

[0012] Preferably, it includes a limiting base, which is installed on the inner wall of the positioning cavity; a limiting cylinder is fixedly installed on the limiting base; A limiting slider is connected through the limiting cylinder; the limiting slider and the limiting cylinder are in sliding engagement. A limiting spring is sleeved on a limiting cylinder; one end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to the limiting base, and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting slider. A pressure-reducing horizontal plate is installed on a limiting slider; a first square seat is installed on the side of the pressure-reducing horizontal plate near the bottom surface of the positioning cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom surface of the positioning cavity is fixedly connected to two positioning bases; the opposing surfaces of the two positioning bases are fixedly connected to a positioning cylinder; two symmetrical positioning sliders are connected through the positioning cylinder; the positioning sliders slide in cooperation with the positioning cylinder; a positioning spring is sleeved on the positioning cylinder; the two ends of the positioning spring are connected to the opposing surfaces of the two positioning sliders; a second square seat is connected to the side of each of the two positioning sliders near the pressure reducing cross plate; a hinged connecting plate is movably connected inside the second square seat; the two hinged connecting plates are movably connected inside the first square seat; the two hinged connecting plates are arranged in a figure-eight shape.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure-reducing horizontal plate is provided with a lifting and adjusting module; the lifting and adjusting module includes a lifting rectangular frame, which is installed on the side of the pressure-reducing horizontal plate away from the first square seat; The lifting screw is installed inside the lifting moment frame; The lifting horizontal block is threadedly connected to the lifting screw; the protrusion on the lifting horizontal block matches the groove in the lifting rectangular frame to form a sliding fit; A lifting connecting block is installed on the lifting horizontal block; the lifting connecting block is connected to the end of the fixed cylinder away from the fixed L-plate. A drive source is installed on the lifting frame; the output end of the drive source is connected to the lifting screw.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The filter plate lifting power is combined with the ratchet and tooth one-way transmission to drive the scraper to automatically scrape back and forth after the filter plate extends out of the feeding pipe. No additional drive source is required. The structure is simple and reliable. The impurity cleaning is completed outside the tank throughout the process, preventing impurities from falling back into the extraction tank and contaminating the material. This solves the problem of reduced purification effect and continuous increase in filtration resistance caused by internal cleaning. (2) The height of the filter plate and the volume of the filter chamber can be freely adjusted according to the amount of feed, the amount of impurities accumulated and the working conditions, to adapt to various production loads. When blocked, the filter plate can be driven up and down repeatedly to clear the blockage, achieving adaptive operation. The filter plate can be completely sent out of the tank. Combined with the main control device for impurity removal, it can achieve efficient impurity removal and significantly improve the versatility of the device. (3) The filter plate can be unlocked with one click by locking blocks and multi-position locking slots, and the spring automatically pops out. No auxiliary tools are required for disassembly and assembly. The operation is simple and quick. Filter plates of different specifications and different filtration precisions can be quickly replaced, which greatly shortens the maintenance time, improves the continuous production capacity of the equipment, and reduces the threshold for on-site use and maintenance. (4) Through the synergistic effect of the first-stage energy absorption of the limiting spring and the second-stage energy absorption of the figure-eight connecting rod + positioning spring, the impact load brought by the high-speed fall of fullerene coarse carbon ash is greatly absorbed, avoiding the filter plate from deformation, cracking and damage due to high-frequency impact, significantly extending the service life of the filter plate, while effectively suppressing the vibration of the filter plate, preventing impurities from passing through the filter, and improving the pre-filtration stability and the purification accuracy of the fullerene solution. (5) The device integrates four functions: buffer protection, automatic cleaning, quick replacement, and adaptive pressure regulation. It solves a series of problems in the process of fullerene refining, such as easy damage to the filter plate, difficulty in cleaning, cumbersome disassembly and assembly, easy fall back and contamination, and poor adaptability to working conditions. It significantly improves purification efficiency and product purity, reduces equipment failure rate and maintenance costs, and is suitable for continuous and high-quality refining production of fullerene in vacuum electric arc furnace. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0017] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bent rod structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning cavity of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary cam structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-reducing horizontal plate structure of the present invention; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the feeding pipe of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a front view of the lifting frame of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the retaining cylinder of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Extraction tank; 2. Feeding pipe; 3. Filter plate; 4. Positioning cavity; 5. Fixing L-plate; 6. Fixing cylinder; 7. Fixing column; 8. Guide groove; 9. Guide slider; 10. Guide rectangular frame; 11. Reciprocating base; 12. Reciprocating slide column; 13. Reciprocating long block; 14. Guide column; 15. Guide spring; 16. Reciprocating spring; 17. Bending rod; 18. Fixing spring; 19. Fixing base; 20. Locking square column; 21. Locking slider; 22. Locking limit plate; 23. Locking spring; 24. Locking horizontal plate; 25. Locking insert; 26. Locking slot 27. Guide plate; 28. Auxiliary cylinder; 29. ​​Scraper; 30. Auxiliary spring; 31. Rotating base; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Ratchet; 34. Rotating cam; 35. Limiting base; 36. Limiting cylinder; 37. Limiting slider; 38. Limiting spring; 39. Pressure reducing plate; 40. First square seat; 41. Positioning base; 42. Positioning cylinder; 43. Positioning slider; 44. Positioning spring; 45. Second square seat; 46. Hinge connecting plate; 47. Lifting rectangular frame; 48. Lifting screw; 49. Lifting cross block; 50. Lifting connecting block; 51. Drive source. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Implementation examples, by Figures 1 to 10The present invention includes an extraction tank 1; a feeding pipe 2 is installed on the top of the extraction tank 1; a filter plate 3 is fitted inside the feeding pipe 2, and the two are slidably connected; a positioning and energy-reducing component is provided inside the feeding pipe 2 to reduce the impact on the filter plate 3 during operation; the positioning and energy-reducing component includes a positioning cavity 4 disposed inside the feeding pipe 2; a limiting base 35 installed on the inner wall of the positioning cavity 4; a limiting cylinder 36 fixedly installed on the limiting base 35; a limiting slider 37 passing through and connected to the limiting cylinder 36; the limiting slider 37 and the limiting cylinder 36 are slidably connected; a limiting spring 38 is sleeved on the limiting cylinder 36; one end of the limiting spring 38 is fixedly connected to the limiting base 35, and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting slider 37; and a pressure-reducing horizontal plate 39 is installed on the limiting slider. 37. A first square seat 40 is installed on the side of the pressure-reducing horizontal plate 39 near the bottom surface of the positioning cavity 4. Two positioning bases 41 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the positioning cavity 4. A positioning cylinder 42 is fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the two positioning bases 41. Two symmetrical positioning sliders 43 are connected through the positioning cylinder 42. The positioning sliders 43 and the positioning cylinder 42 are slidably engaged. A positioning spring 44 is sleeved on the positioning cylinder 42. The two ends of the positioning spring 44 are connected to the opposite surfaces of the two positioning sliders 43. A second square seat 45 is connected to the side of the two positioning sliders 43 near the pressure-reducing horizontal plate 39. A hinged connecting plate 46 is movably connected inside the second square seat 45. The two hinged connecting plates 46 are movably connected inside the first square seat 40. The two hinged connecting plates 46 are arranged in a V-shape. Fullerene coarse carbon ash produced by the vacuum electric arc furnace is fed into the top of the feeding pipe 2. The high-speed falling material impacts the surface of the filter plate 3. The filter plate 3 transmits the impact force to the pressure-reducing horizontal plate 39 through the fixed cylinder 6 and the lifting connecting block 50. The pressure-reducing horizontal plate 39 drives the limiting sliders 37 on both sides to slide downward along the limiting cylinder 36, compressing the limiting spring 38 to complete the first stage of buffer energy absorption. At the same time, the first square seat 40 at the bottom of the pressure-reducing horizontal plate 39 moves downward, pushing the positioning sliders 43 on both sides to slide along the positioning cylinder 42 through the two hinged connecting plates 46 arranged in a figure-eight shape, compressing the positioning spring 44 to complete the second stage of buffer energy absorption. The two-stage buffer structure can absorb a large amount of material impact energy, effectively preventing the filter plate 3 from deforming, breaking, or cracking of the weld due to long-term high-frequency impact. After the material impact disappears, the limit spring 38 and the positioning spring 44 reset synchronously, driving the filter plate 3 back to the initial working position, ensuring the stability of the filtration process. Through the synergistic effect of the two-stage elastic buffer structure, this component greatly reduces the instantaneous impact force on the filter plate 3, extends the service life of the filter plate 3, and avoids the problem of impurities passing through the filter due to the vibration of the filter plate 3, ensuring the stability of the pre-filtration effect, thereby improving the purification effect and efficiency of the device.

[0020] In this embodiment, the feeding pipe 2 is equipped with a main control device for cleaning impurities trapped on the filter plate 3. The main control device includes a fixing L-plate 5, which is installed on the filter plate 3; a fixing cylinder 6, which is located at the top of the feeding pipe 2; the fixing L-plate 5 is located at the top of the feeding pipe 2; the end of the fixing cylinder 6 away from the fixing L-plate 5 extends through into the positioning cavity 4; the fixing cylinder 6 is slidably engaged with the feeding pipe 2; a guide groove 8 is located at the top of the feeding pipe 2; a guide slider 9 is fitted into the guide groove 8; the guide slider 9 is slidably engaged with the guide groove 8; a guide rectangular frame 10 is installed on the guide slider 9; and a reciprocating base 11. A reciprocating slide column 12 is connected to the top of the feeding pipe 2; a reciprocating slide column 12 is connected through the reciprocating base 11 near the guide slider 9; the reciprocating slide column 12 and the reciprocating base 11 are in sliding fit; a reciprocating long block 13 is installed on the reciprocating slide column 12; a guide cylinder 14 is connected inside the guide groove 8; the guide cylinder 14 and the guide slider 9 are in sliding fit; a guide spring 15 is sleeved on the guide cylinder 14; one end of the guide spring 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the guide groove 8, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide slider 9; a reciprocating spring 16 is sleeved on the reciprocating slide column 12; one end of the reciprocating spring 16 is connected to the reciprocating long block 12. 3. Fixed connection, the other end is fixedly connected to the reciprocating base 11; the bent rod 17 is installed on the end of the reciprocating slide column 12 away from the reciprocating long block 13; the end of the bent rod 17 away from the reciprocating slide column 12 is located inside the guide frame 10; the bottom surface of the guide frame 10 is located on the moving path of the bent rod 17; a guide horizontal plate 27 is installed on the guide slider 9; an auxiliary cylinder 28 is connected through the side of the guide horizontal plate 27 near the top of the feeding pipe 2; the auxiliary cylinder 28 slides with the guide horizontal plate 27; a scraper 29 is installed on the end of the auxiliary cylinder 28 near the top of the feeding pipe 2; the scraper 29 is located on the moving path of the top of the filter plate 3. An auxiliary spring 30 is fitted on the auxiliary cylinder 28; one end of the auxiliary spring 30 is fixedly connected to the scraper 29, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide plate 27; a rotating base 31 is installed on the top of the feeding pipe 2; a rotating shaft 32 is installed on the rotating base 31; a ratchet 33 is connected to the rotating shaft 32; the tooth groove on the ratchet 33 meshes with the tooth block on the stationary L plate 5, which is used to drive the rotating shaft 32 to rotate in one direction when the stationary L plate 5 moves back and forth; a rotating cam 34 is installed on the rotating shaft 32; the side of the repeating long block 13 away from the repeating slide column 12 is located on the rotation path of the side wall of the rotating cam 34; When the lifting and pressure regulating module moves the filter plate 3 upward, the retaining L plate 5 fixed on the filter plate 3 moves upward synchronously. The toothed block on the side of the retaining L plate 5 meshes with the tooth groove of the ratchet 33, causing the ratchet 33 to rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 32. The rotating shaft 32 drives the rotating cam 34 to rotate. The flange of the rotating cam 34 pushes the repeating long block 13 to move away from the rotating shaft 32, compressing the repeating spring 16. The repeating long block 13 drives the bending rod 17 to move synchronously through the repeating slide column 12. The bending rod 17 slides within the guide frame 10 and... The guide slider 9 is pushed to move along the guide cylinder 14, compressing the guide spring 15. The guide slider 9 drives the scraper 29 to move to one side along the surface of the filter plate 3 via the guide plate 27. When the flange of the rotating cam 34 rotates away from the repeating block 13, the repeating spring 16 and the guide spring 15 reset synchronously, driving the guide slider 9 and the scraper 29 to move in opposite directions. This process is repeated to achieve continuous reciprocating scraping of the scraper 29 on the top of the filter plate 3. The auxiliary spring 30 pushes the scraper 29 to always be tightly attached to the surface of the filter plate 3 through its own elastic force, effectively cleaning the fine particles embedded in the filter holes. Impurities are removed from the filter plate 3 to prevent clogging of the filter holes, and the impurities on the filter plate 3 are cleaned from the outside of the feed pipe 2. The sliding fit structure between the auxiliary cylinder 28 and the guide plate 27 allows the scraper 29 to automatically adapt to height changes when the filter plate 3 moves up and down, without hindering the movement of the filter plate 3. When the filter plate 3 moves down to reset, the ratchet teeth of the ratchet 33 slip, the rotating shaft 32 and the rotating cam 34 remain stationary, and the scraper 29 stops moving, avoiding unnecessary work and energy waste. This device cleverly utilizes the lifting power of the filter plate 3 to achieve automatic cleaning of impurities. No additional independent power source is required. The structure is simple and reliable. After the filter plate 3 extends out of the feed pipe 2, the impurity cleaning is completed simultaneously, which greatly improves the cleaning efficiency and avoids the long-term accumulation of impurities on the filter plate 3, which affects the material's permeability. At the same time, the impurities on the filter plate 3 are cleaned from the outside, which prevents some impurities from falling into the tank and affecting the purification effect of the device when cleaned inside the feed pipe 2. This makes it easier for the device to clean the impurities trapped on the filter plate 3, and avoids the continuous decline in filtration effect and the increase in resistance. This not only improves the purification efficiency of the device, but also reduces the limitations of the device's use.

[0021] The quick-release loading and unloading unit of this embodiment is installed on the fixed cylinder 6; the quick-release loading and unloading unit is located at the top of the feeding pipe 2 and is used for the installation and removal of the filter plate 3; the quick-release loading and unloading unit includes a fixed cylinder 7, which is fitted and connected inside the fixed cylinder 6; the fixed cylinder 7 and the fixed cylinder 6 are in sliding fit; the end of the fixed cylinder 7 away from the feeding pipe 2 is connected to the fixed L plate 5; a fixed spring 18 is installed inside the fixed cylinder 6; one end of the fixed spring 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner side of the fixed cylinder 6, and the other end is located on the moving path of the end of the fixed cylinder 7 away from the fixed L plate 5; a fixed base 19 is installed on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 6; the fixed base 19 is located at the top of the feeding pipe 2; a locking square post 20 is connected to the fixed base 19; a lock A sliding block 21 is connected through to the locking square post 20; the sliding block 21 and the locking square post 20 are in sliding engagement; a locking limiting plate 22 is connected to one end of the locking square post 20 away from the fixed base 19; a locking spring 23 is sleeved on the locking square post 20; one end of the locking spring 23 is fixedly connected to the locking limiting plate 22, and the other end is fixedly connected to the locking block 21; a locking horizontal plate 24 is installed on the locking block 21; a locking insert 25 is fixedly connected to the side of the locking horizontal plate 24 near the fixed cylinder 7; a locking slot 26 is provided through the side of the fixed cylinder 7 near the locking horizontal plate 24; several locking slots 26 are arranged at equal intervals; after the locking insert 25 passes through the fixed cylinder 6, it is connected to one of the locking slots 26; When the filter plate 3 needs to be replaced during the use of the device, pull the locking horizontal plate 24 outward. The locking horizontal plate 24 drives the locking slider 21 to slide outward along the locking square post 20, compressing the locking spring 23, so that the locking insert 25 is pulled out from the locking slot 26 on the fixed cylinder 7, releasing the lock on the fixed cylinder 7. At this time, the fixed spring 18 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the fixed cylinder 7 to pop up, causing the fixed plate L 5 and the filter plate 3 to move upward synchronously, so that the filter plate 3 can be easily taken out from the feed pipe 2 for replacement. When installing a new filter plate 3, align the fixed cylinder 7 with the fixed cylinder 6 and press it down to compress the fixed spring 18. When the filter plate 3 reaches the preset working position... When in position, release the locking plate 24, and the locking spring 23 pushes the locking slider 21 and the locking block 25 to move inward, so that the locking block 25 is inserted into the corresponding locking slot 26, completing the quick fixing of the filter plate 3; multiple equidistant locking slots 26 can realize the fine adjustment of the installation height of the filter plate 3 to adapt to filter plates 3 of different thicknesses; this allows the unit to easily and quickly replace filter plates 3 of different functions and sizes, and the replacement process can be completed without the aid of tools, which facilitates the maintenance operation of the filter plate 3, reduces the limitations of the device, thereby greatly shortening the replacement time of the filter plate 3, greatly improving the maintenance efficiency of the equipment, and ensuring the continuity of production.

[0022] In this embodiment, a lifting and adjusting module is provided on the pressure-reducing horizontal plate 39. The lifting and adjusting module includes a lifting rectangular frame 47, which is installed on the side of the pressure-reducing horizontal plate 39 away from the first square seat 40; a lifting screw 48, which is installed inside the lifting rectangular frame 47; a lifting horizontal block 49, which is threadedly connected to the lifting screw 48; the protrusion on the lifting horizontal block 49 matches the groove in the lifting rectangular frame 47 to form a sliding fit; a lifting connecting block 50, which is installed on the lifting horizontal block 49; the lifting connecting block 50 is connected to the end of the fixing cylinder 6 away from the fixing L plate 5; and a driving source 51, which is installed on the lifting rectangular frame 47; the output end of the driving source 51 is connected to the lifting screw 48. When the impurities trapped on the filter plate 3 reach the preset amount, the drive source 51 starts and drives the lifting screw 48 to rotate. The lifting screw 48 drives the lifting cross block 49 to move upward along the lifting rectangular frame 47 through the threaded transmission. The lifting cross block 49 drives the stationary cylinder 6, stationary column 7, stationary L plate 5 and filter plate 3 to move upward synchronously through the lifting connecting block 50 until the filter plate 3 is completely extended from the top of the feeding pipe 2. At this time, the main control device for impurity removal automatically starts to clean the impurities on the surface of the filter plate 3. Since the cleaning process is carried out outside the feeding pipe 2, it avoids the impurities that are cleaned off falling into the extraction tank 1 and affecting the purification accuracy of fullerene. After cleaning is completed. Then, the drive source 51 rotates in the reverse direction to reset the filter plate 3 to the working position. In addition, the lifting and pressure regulating module can adjust the height of the filter plate 3 in the feed pipe 2 in real time according to the amount of material fed and the level of impurities, thereby changing the volume of the filter chamber to adapt to different production conditions. When material blockage occurs, the lifting and pressure regulating module can drive the filter plate 3 to move up and down repeatedly to achieve automatic unblocking of the filter holes. This module enables the active lifting and lowering control of the filter plate 3, which can completely send the filter plate 3 out of the tank for impurity cleaning, thus solving the problem that impurities are easy to fall into the tank during internal cleaning, improving the adaptability of the device, and reducing the limitations of the device's use.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A refining apparatus for fullerenes using a vacuum arc furnace, comprising an extraction tank; characterized in that: A feeding pipe is installed at the top of the extraction tank; a filter plate is fitted inside the feeding pipe, and the two slide together; a positioning and energy-reducing component is provided inside the feeding pipe to reduce the impact on the filter plate during operation; the positioning and energy-reducing component includes a positioning cavity, which is located inside the feeding pipe; a main control device for impurity removal is provided on the feeding pipe to clean impurities trapped on the filter plate; the main control device for impurity removal includes a fixing L-plate, which is installed on the filter plate; A retaining cylinder is disposed at the top of the feeding pipe; the retaining L-plate is located at the top of the feeding pipe; the end of the retaining cylinder away from the retaining L-plate extends through into the positioning cavity; the retaining cylinder is slidably engaged with the feeding pipe; A quick-release loading and unloading unit is installed on the fixed cylinder; the quick-release loading and unloading unit is located at the top of the feeding pipe and is used for the installation and removal of the filter plate; the quick-release loading and unloading unit includes a fixed cylinder, which is fitted and connected inside the fixed cylinder; the fixed cylinder and the fixed cylinder are in sliding fit; the end of the fixed cylinder away from the feeding pipe is connected to the fixed L plate.

2. The refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes a guide chute, located at the top of the feeding pipe; The guide slider is fitted into the guide groove; the guide slider and the guide groove slide together. Guide frame, mounted on guide slider; The reciprocating base is connected to the top of the feeding pipe; The repeating slide column is connected through the repeating base to the side near the guide slider; the repeating slide column and the repeating base are in sliding engagement; The repeating block is installed on the repeating sliding column.

3. The refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: It includes a guide cylinder connected within a guide groove; the guide cylinder and the guide slider are connected through each other and slide in cooperation. A guide spring is sleeved on a guide cylinder; one end of the guide spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the guide groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide slider. A repeating spring is sleeved on a repeating sliding column; one end of the repeating spring is fixedly connected to the repeating long block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the repeating base; A bent rod is installed at the end of the repeating slide block away from the repeating long block; the end of the bent rod away from the repeating slide block is located inside the guide frame; the bottom surface of the guide frame is located on the moving path of the bent rod.

4. The refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes a retaining spring, which is disposed inside the retaining cylinder; one end of the retaining spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the retaining cylinder, and the other end is located on the moving path of the end of the retaining cylinder away from the retaining L plate. A retaining base is installed on the outer wall of the retaining cylinder; the retaining base is located at the top of the feeding pipe; Locking square post, connected to the fixed base; A locking slider is connected through the locking square post; the locking slider and the locking square post are in sliding engagement; a locking limiting plate is connected to the end of the locking square post away from the fixed base; A locking spring is sleeved on a locking square post; one end of the locking spring is fixedly connected to a locking limit plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to a locking slider.

5. The refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: Includes a locking crossbar, which is mounted on the locking slider; The locking block is fixedly connected to the side of the locking horizontal plate near the retaining cylinder. A locking slot is provided through the stationary cylinder on the side near the locking plate; several locking slots are arranged at equal intervals; the locking block passes through the stationary cylinder and connects to one of the locking slots.

6. The refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide plate is installed on the guide slider; an auxiliary cylinder is connected through the guide plate on the side near the top of the feeding pipe; the auxiliary cylinder slides with the guide plate; a scraper is installed at the end of the auxiliary cylinder near the top of the feeding pipe; the scraper is located on the moving path of the top of the filter plate; an auxiliary spring is sleeved on the auxiliary cylinder; one end of the auxiliary spring is fixedly connected to the scraper, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide plate.

7. The refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: It includes a rotating base installed on the top of the feeding pipe; a rotating shaft is installed on the rotating base; a ratchet and toothed device is connected to the rotating shaft; the tooth grooves on the ratchet and toothed device mesh with the toothed blocks on the fixed L plate, which is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in one direction when the fixed L plate moves back and forth; a rotating cam is installed on the rotating shaft; the side of the repeating block away from the repeating slide is located on the rotation path of the rotating cam sidewall.

8. The refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes a limiting base, installed on the inner wall of the positioning cavity; a limiting cylinder is fixedly installed on the limiting base; A limiting slider is connected through the limiting cylinder; the limiting slider and the limiting cylinder are in sliding engagement. A limiting spring is sleeved on a limiting cylinder; one end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to the limiting base, and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting slider. A pressure-reducing horizontal plate is installed on a limiting slider; a first square seat is installed on the side of the pressure-reducing horizontal plate near the bottom surface of the positioning cavity.

9. The refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two positioning bases are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the positioning cavity. A positioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the two positioning bases. Two symmetrical positioning sliders are connected through the positioning cylinder. The positioning sliders slide with the positioning cylinder. A positioning spring is sleeved on the positioning cylinder. The two ends of the positioning spring are connected to the opposite surfaces of the two positioning sliders. A second square seat is connected to the side of each positioning slider near the pressure reducing plate. A hinged connecting plate is movably connected inside the second square seat. The two hinged connecting plates are movably connected inside the first square seat. The two hinged connecting plates are arranged in a figure-eight shape.

10. The refining apparatus for a fullerene vacuum arc furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure-reducing horizontal plate is provided with a lifting and adjusting module; the lifting and adjusting module includes a lifting rectangular frame, which is installed on the side of the pressure-reducing horizontal plate away from the first square seat; The lifting screw is installed inside the lifting moment frame; The lifting horizontal block is threadedly connected to the lifting screw; the protrusion on the lifting horizontal block matches the groove in the lifting rectangular frame to form a sliding fit; A lifting connecting block is installed on the lifting horizontal block; the lifting connecting block is connected to the end of the fixed cylinder away from the fixed L-plate. A drive source is installed on the lifting frame; the output end of the drive source is connected to the lifting screw.

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