An integrated device for wastewater recycling and water supply from caged broiler chickens

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated wastewater recycling and regeneration system for caged broiler chickens, belonging to the field of aquaculture wastewater recycling technology. The system comprises sequentially connected wastewater collection, solid-liquid separation, regulation, biochemical treatment, membrane separation, and disinfection units. It also includes independent main pipes for reclaimed water and clean water supply, zoned water supply units, a detection unit, a bypass deep treatment branch, a return valve, and a control unit. This invention collects data on broiler population size, age, cage temperature, and water quality at various points. It uses feedforward to predict drinking water demand, determines the reuse safety level based on the disinfected water and the water quality at the supply points, determines the blending ratio under the constraints of the safety level and available reclaimed water volume, and provides feedback correction. It combines the predicted water demand with membrane flux scheduling and uses temperature-corrected ratio flux to control membrane fouling. This invention couples water demand prediction, reuse safety grading, blending control, and membrane fouling control, improving reclaimed water reuse, reducing clean water consumption, mitigating membrane fouling, and stabilizing water supply while ensuring drinking water safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wastewater recycling technology, and particularly relates to an integrated device for wastewater recycling and water supply for caged broiler chickens. Background Technology

[0002] Cage rearing is a common method of intensive broiler farming. During the rearing process, a continuous supply of clean drinking water is required for the broilers, resulting in the discharge of large amounts of wastewater due to the washing of cages and chicken houses, as well as the generation of manure. With increasing water resource constraints and stricter environmental protection requirements, treating and reusing farm wastewater to replace some of the clean water has become an important way to reduce water consumption and wastewater discharge. Wastewater reuse typically requires multi-stage treatment, including solid-liquid separation, biochemical treatment, membrane separation, and disinfection, to ensure the water quality meets drinking water standards. Furthermore, the drinking water requirements of broilers vary depending on breed, age, and house temperature, requiring the water supply process to adapt to these needs. Therefore, multi-stage wastewater treatment and reuse, prediction of broiler drinking water requirements, and regulation of the water supply process constitute the key factors to consider in the regeneration and recycling of wastewater from cage-raised broilers.

[0003] In existing technologies, water supply and reuse often employ fixed methods or are passively adjusted based solely on historical water consumption. This makes it difficult to match water supply and treated water production with actual demand in advance, limiting the reuse rate of reclaimed water and the stability of water supply. Current reuse safety assessments often rely on single or terminal indicators, or evaluate water that has not yet been disinfected in the intermediate treatment stages according to the requirements for final drinking water. The former fails to adequately guarantee drinking water safety, while the latter's overly stringent assessments make reclaimed water difficult to reuse. Existing methods for mixing reclaimed water and clean water are mostly fixed-ratio open-loop systems, lacking constraints adapted to water quality safety levels and available water volume, as well as feedback on fluctuations in end-point water quality. Furthermore, the use of a single main water supply pipe makes it difficult to balance saving clean water with ensuring drinking water safety, and also fails to adapt to the differentiated needs of different zones within the chicken house.

[0004] Existing membrane separation operations mostly employ constant flux or passive on-demand methods, failing to couple flux pre-scheduling and permeate pre-storage with drinking water demand. Membrane fouling is assessed based on uncorrected flux or pressure differentials, making it susceptible to water temperature fluctuations. This leads to rapid membrane fouling, frequent chemical cleaning, shortened membrane lifespan, and fluctuations in permeate quality and yield. Furthermore, water supply is easily interrupted when membrane efficiency is temporarily reduced. More importantly, demand-side forecasting and treatment-side operations are often disconnected, lacking a coordinated mechanism that links drinking water demand, reuse safety, co-flushing feedwater, and membrane fouling control. This makes it difficult to simultaneously achieve good results in conserving clean water, ensuring drinking water safety, and protecting membrane modules.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an integrated water supply device for the regeneration and recycling of caged broiler wastewater that couples water demand prediction, reuse safety classification, safety constraint mixing and membrane fouling control to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an integrated device for the regeneration and recycling of wastewater from caged broiler chickens, comprising: The wastewater collection unit, solid-liquid separation unit, equalization tank, biochemical treatment unit, membrane separation unit and disinfection unit are connected in sequence along the water flow direction. The disinfection unit includes a disinfection dosing component and a disinfection contact box. The effluent from the disinfection unit is connected to a recycled water tank. The recycled water tank is connected to the recycled water supply main pipe via the recycled water supply valve, and the clean water tank is connected to the clean water supply main pipe via the clean water replenishment valve. The recycled water supply main pipe and the clean water supply main pipe are respectively connected to the chicken house zone water supply unit. It also includes online water quality monitoring units located at the outlets of the solid-liquid separation unit, the biochemical treatment unit, the permeate side of the membrane separation unit, and the disinfection unit; a membrane operation monitoring unit located in the membrane separation unit; a liquid level monitoring unit located in the recycled water tank; an environmental and stock collection unit located in each water supply zone of the chicken house; an online water supply point monitoring unit located at the water supply point of the water supply unit in each zone of the chicken house; a backwashing unit located in the membrane separation unit; a bypass deep treatment branch with its inlet connected to the outlet of the biochemical treatment unit and its outlet connected to the inlet of the disinfection unit and connected in parallel with the membrane separation unit; a membrane permeate return valve connected between the permeate side of the membrane separation unit and the equalization tank; a disinfection effluent return valve connected between the disinfection contact tank and the equalization tank; and a control unit. The signal output terminals of the online water quality monitoring unit, membrane operation monitoring unit, liquid level monitoring unit, environmental and livestock data acquisition unit, and online water supply point monitoring unit are respectively connected to the input terminal of the control unit. The output terminal of the control unit is respectively connected to the reclaimed water supply valve, clean water supply valve, backwashing unit, bypass inlet valve, bypass outlet valve and bypass booster pump of the bypass deep treatment branch, membrane permeate return valve and disinfection outlet return valve. The control unit determines the reuse control safety level based on the water quality parameters at the disinfection unit outlet and the detection results of the online monitoring unit at the water supply point. It judges whether the membrane separation effluent meets the preconditions for entering the disinfection unit based on the water quality parameters on the membrane separation unit's permeate side. It predicts the water demand of each water supply zone based on the data collection results from the environmental and livestock collection units. Accordingly, it controls the reclaimed water supply valve and the clean water supply valve to supply water to the reclaimed water supply main pipe and the clean water supply main pipe in proportion. Based on the detection results of the membrane operation monitoring unit, it controls the backwashing unit and the bypass deep treatment branch. When the water quality exceeds the limit, it controls the membrane permeate return valve and the disinfection effluent return valve to return the excess water to the equalization tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the membrane operation detection unit includes pressure sensors installed on the inlet side, concentrate side and product water side of the membrane separation unit, a flow sensor installed on the product water pipeline, and a temperature sensor installed on the inlet side of the membrane separation unit or in the membrane tank. The control unit calculates the transmembrane pressure difference based on the pressure sensor's detection value, calculates the permeate flux based on the flow sensor's detection value and the membrane's effective area, and obtains the inlet water temperature based on the temperature sensor's detection value. The online water quality monitoring unit located at the disinfection unit outlet includes a turbidity sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a redox potential sensor, a conductivity sensor, and a residual chlorine sensor. The online water quality monitoring units located at the solid-liquid separation unit outlet, the biochemical treatment unit outlet, and the membrane separation unit product water side include a turbidity sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a redox potential sensor, and a conductivity sensor. The liquid level detection unit is located in the recycled water tank, the clean water tank and the disinfection contact tank. The control unit controls the pre-storage of the membrane separation unit's product water based on the liquid level in the recycled water tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the bypass deep treatment branch includes a bypass inlet valve, a bypass outlet valve, a bypass booster pump, and a deep treatment assembly. The bypass inlet valve is connected to the outlet of the biochemical treatment unit, and the bypass outlet valve is connected to the inlet of the disinfection unit. The control unit opens the bypass inlet valve, the bypass outlet valve, and the bypass booster pump and reduces the inlet flow rate of the membrane separation unit in at least one of the following situations: the water quality parameters at the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit or the outlet of the biochemical treatment unit exceed the treatment load limit; the membrane fouling of the membrane separation unit has not recovered after backwashing; or the water quality parameters on the permeate side of the membrane separation unit exceed the membrane permeate limit. This allows the effluent from the biochemical treatment unit to be treated by the deep treatment assembly and then sent to the disinfection unit. The membrane permeate return valve and the disinfection effluent return valve open when the water quality on the permeate side of the membrane separation unit and the water quality at the outlet of the disinfection contact tank exceed the limits, respectively, returning the excess water to the equalization tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the chicken house zoned water supply unit includes zoned reclaimed water branches, zoned clean water branches, zoned mixing valve groups, and zoned flow detection units, each corresponding to a water supply zone. The zoned reclaimed water branches are connected to the reclaimed water supply main pipe, and the zoned clean water branches are connected to the clean water supply main pipe. The zoned mixing valve groups and the zoned flow detection units are respectively connected to the control unit. The control unit controls the reclaimed water mixing ratio and water supply volume of each water supply zone. The online detection unit at the water supply point includes a turbidity sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a residual chlorine sensor, an oxidation-reduction potential sensor, and a conductivity sensor. The chicken house zoned water supply unit also has a clean water flushing branch and a flushing water return branch. When the detection result of the online detection unit at the water supply point exceeds the limit, the control unit closes the zoned reclaimed water branch of the corresponding water supply zone and opens the clean water flushing branch to flush the water supply pipeline of the corresponding water supply zone with clean water. The flushing water return branch is connected to the regulating tank or the wastewater collection unit.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for using an integrated wastewater recycling and regeneration system for caged broiler chickens, comprising the following steps: S1, collect the indoor temperature, number of broilers and age of each water supply zone in the chicken house, collect the water quality parameters of four nodes in the multi-stage wastewater treatment process after solid-liquid separation, after biochemical treatment, after membrane treatment and after disinfection, and collect the transmembrane pressure difference, permeate flux, influent water temperature and liquid level of each water tank of the membrane module. S2, based on the number of broilers, the age, the temperature inside the shed and the duration of the control cycle, the feedforward prediction of the predicted water demand of each water supply zone in the next control cycle is obtained, and the total predicted water demand of the chicken house is obtained by summing them up. S3. Determine the reuse control safety level based on the water quality parameters after disinfection and the online water quality detection results at the water supply point. Determine whether the water separated from the membrane meets the preconditions for entering the disinfection unit based on the water quality parameters after membrane separation. Determine the front-end treatment load and process abnormality based on the water quality parameters after solid-liquid separation and the water quality parameters after biochemical treatment. S4. Determine the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio based on the reuse control safety level, and determine the reclaimed water mixing ratio by combining the available water volume of the reclaimed water tank with the total predicted water demand of the chicken house. Control the reclaimed water supply valve, the clean water supply valve and the corresponding zone mixing valve group accordingly, so that the reclaimed water and clean water enter each water supply zone of the chicken house in proportion through the reclaimed water supply header and the clean water supply header. Then, the reclaimed water mixing ratio is corrected by feedback based on the online water quality detection results of the water supply point. S5. The set operating flux of the membrane module is determined according to the reclaimed water mixing ratio, the total predicted water demand of the chicken house, the effective membrane area, and the control cycle duration. When the predicted water demand is low and the liquid level of the reclaimed water tank is lower than the pre-storage upper limit, the membrane module is operated at a flux not greater than the subcritical flux and qualified reclaimed water is pre-stored in the reclaimed water tank. Backwashing is triggered according to the rate of decrease of the membrane module temperature correction ratio flux. When the front-end treatment load exceeds the limit, the membrane fouling is not restored after backwashing, or the water quality parameters after the membrane exceed the membrane production limit, the biochemical treatment effluent is switched to the bypass deep treatment branch for deep treatment and then sent to the disinfection unit. S6, when the reuse control safety level is the prohibited reuse level, or when the online water quality detection result of the water supply point exceeds the limit, the reclaimed water supply valve and the corresponding reclaimed water branch of the water supply zone are closed and switched to clean water supply. The water supply pipeline of the corresponding water supply zone is flushed with clean water, and the excess water is returned to the front end of the wastewater multi-stage treatment process.

[0011] Further, step S1 includes: S11, according to the set control cycle duration, the temperature inside the house is obtained by the environmental monitoring of each water supply zone, and the number of broilers and their age are obtained by the breeding management through input or inventory, so as to obtain the stock and environmental data of each water supply zone. S12, after solid-liquid separation, after biochemical treatment and after membrane treatment, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential and conductivity are collected. After disinfection and at the water supply point, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity and residual chlorine are collected to obtain the water quality parameters at each node. S13, calculate the transmembrane pressure difference by pressure detection on the inlet side, concentrate side and product water side of the membrane module, calculate the product water flux by flow detection of the product water pipeline and the effective membrane area, obtain the inlet water temperature by temperature detection on the inlet side of the membrane module, and obtain the liquid levels of the recycled water tank, clean water tank and disinfection contact tank by liquid level detection, to obtain membrane operation data and liquid level data.

[0012] Further, step S2 includes: S21. Based on the age-daily water consumption reference table for the broiler breed, retrieve and interpolate the reference daily water consumption per bird according to the current age; S22. Collect the indoor temperature of each water supply zone and calculate the predicted water requirement of each water supply zone using the following formula: ; In the formula, For the first Predicted water demand for each water supply zone; For the first The number of broilers in each water supply zone; This refers to the daily reference water intake for a single animal; The duration of the control cycle is 24; 24 represents the number of hours in a day. This is a temperature correction factor, calculated according to... Calculate and limit to a preset lower limit With preset upper limit between; This refers to the temperature sensitivity coefficient of drinking water volume. For the first The temperature inside the water supply zone; Reference temperature for prediction; This is the lower limit of the temperature correction factor; This is the upper limit of the temperature correction coefficient; the predicted water demand for each water supply zone in the next control cycle is obtained. S23, add up the predicted water requirements of each water supply zone to obtain the total predicted water requirement of the chicken house; S24, record the historical measured drinking water volume of each water supply zone during the same period, and calculate the historical measured daily drinking water volume per chicken during the same period using the following formula: ; In the formula, This represents the historical daily water consumption per bird for the same period. This represents the actual water consumption measured during the same period in history. The number of broiler chickens in stock is the same as the historical average for the same period; 24 represents the number of hours in a day. The control cycle duration is defined as follows: the daily reference water consumption of a single bird is adjusted by rolling correction based on the deviation between the historical daily measured water consumption of a single bird and the daily reference water consumption of a single bird, and the adjusted daily reference water consumption of a single bird is used for the calculation of S22.

[0013] Further, step S3 includes: S31, after disinfection and at the water supply point, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity and residual chlorine are collected; after solid-liquid separation, after biochemical treatment and after membrane treatment, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential and conductivity are collected. S32, for the disinfected water quality parameters and the water quality parameters of the water supply point, respectively set limit ranges corresponding to the drinking water quality requirements of livestock and poultry, so that each limit range corresponds to a discrete reuse level from the potable level to the prohibited reuse level, and the reuse level with stronger restrictions on the reuse of reclaimed water among the reuse levels corresponding to each water quality parameter is taken as the reuse control safety level. S33, compare the water quality parameters after the membrane with the membrane permeate limit. When the water quality parameters after the membrane exceed the membrane permeate limit, perform at least one of triggering reflux, triggering bypass deep treatment and reducing the reclaimed water blending ratio to make the membrane-separated effluent meet the preconditions for entering the disinfection unit or the reclaimed water tank. S34, compare the water quality parameters after solid-liquid separation and the water quality parameters after biochemical treatment with the treatment load limit. If the treatment load limit is exceeded, it is determined to be an abnormal state of the process. Then, extend the treatment time by reducing the effluent flow rate of the equalization tank, increasing the internal circulation return flow rate of the biochemical treatment unit, or extending the hydraulic retention time of the equalization tank or the biochemical treatment unit. S35. Obtain microbial safety evaluation parameters according to the set detection cycle. The microbial safety evaluation parameters include offline detection results of total coliforms and total colony count, or disinfection effectiveness indicators formed by residual chlorine, oxidation-reduction potential and disinfection contact time. Within a preset time period after the microbial safety evaluation parameters are unqualified, set the reuse control safety level to the prohibited reuse level, and restrict the reuse of reclaimed water until new qualified microbial safety evaluation parameters are obtained.

[0014] Further, step S4 includes: S41, Based on the reuse control safety level, and according to the preset correspondence between the safety level and the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio, retrieve the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio; S42, when the total predicted water demand of the chicken house is greater than zero, the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio is calculated according to the following formula, and the reclaimed water mixing ratio is determined: , ; In the formula, The upper limit can be set for the blending ratio of reclaimed water; The amount of reclaimed water available in the reclaimed water tank during the current control cycle; The total predicted water demand for the chicken house; the value 1 is the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio; The mixing ratio of reclaimed water; The upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio; min indicates taking the smaller value among the values ​​in parentheses; when the total predicted water demand of the chicken house is zero, the mixed water supply is not performed and the reclaimed water mixing ratio is set to zero; S43, determine the water supply volume for both lines using the following formula: , ; In the formula, This refers to the water supply volume of the reclaimed water branch during the current control cycle. This refers to the water supply volume of the clear water branch during the current control cycle. The reclaimed water mixing ratio; The total predicted water demand of the chicken house is calculated; the reclaimed water supply valve, the clean water supply valve and the corresponding zone flow detection unit are controlled according to the water supply of the reclaimed water branch and the clean water branch, so that the reclaimed water and clean water enter each water supply zone of the chicken house in proportion. S44, Collect the online ammonia nitrogen detection value at the water supply point, and use the following formula to correct the blending ratio of the reclaimed water: ; In the formula, The corrected reclaimed water blending ratio; The reclaimed water blending ratio before correction; The gain is corrected by feedback of the mixing ratio; The online detection value of ammonia nitrogen at the water supply point; The upper limit of the ammonia nitrogen control target at the water supply point is set; max indicates taking the larger value among the values ​​in parentheses; and the corrected reclaimed water mixing ratio is limited to between zero and the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio; S45, according to the predicted water demand of each water supply zone and the reuse control safety level, the reclaimed water mixing ratio of each water supply zone is determined by the zone mixing valve group, and the water supply of each water supply zone of the chicken house is mixed and supplied separately.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific steps of steps S5 and S6 include: S51, determine the required reclaimed water production for the current control cycle based on the reclaimed water mixing ratio and the total predicted water demand of the chicken house, and when using a uniform reclaimed water mixing ratio for the entire chicken house, according to... Calculations are made based on the blending ratio of zoned reclaimed water. Calculate, where, This represents the required amount of reclaimed water to be produced during the current control cycle. To ensure a uniform reclaimed water mixing ratio throughout the entire facility; The total predicted water requirement for the chicken house; For the first The reclaimed water mixing ratio in each water supply zone; For the first Predicted water demand for each water supply zone; This represents the summation of the water supply zones in the chicken house; then, the set operating flux of the membrane module is determined by the following formula: ; In the formula, (To set the operating throughput); The effective area of ​​the membrane; The control cycle duration is set to ensure that the set operating flux is not greater than the subcritical flux of the membrane module. S52, when the predicted water demand is low and the level of the recycled water tank is lower than the pre-storage upper limit, the membrane module is operated at a flux not greater than the subcritical flux and qualified reclaimed water is pre-stored in the recycled water tank. When the level of the recycled water tank reaches the pre-storage upper limit, the water production of the membrane module is reduced or stopped. S53, calculate the temperature correction specific flux of the membrane module according to the following formula: ; In the formula, (Temperature-corrected specific flux); (The permeate flux of the membrane module); The transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane module; This is the viscosity-temperature correction factor for water, which characterizes the specific flux correction factor caused by viscosity when the water temperature changes by 1°C. 20 represents the inlet water temperature of the membrane module; 20 represents the reference temperature for specific flux normalization. express of Power; S54, calculate the relative rate of decrease of the temperature correction flux within the sliding window using the following formula: ; In the formula, The relative rate of decline; (Temperature correction ratio flux at the start of the sliding window); (Temperature correction ratio flux at the end of the sliding window); The duration of the sliding window; backwashing of the membrane module is initiated when the relative descent rate is greater than a set rate threshold or the temperature correction specific flux is less than a set specific flux lower limit; S55, calculate the degree of recovery from backwashing using the following formula: ; In the formula, To the degree of recovery; (Temperature correction ratio after backwashing); (The reference temperature correction ratio after cleaning the membrane or the last chemical cleaning); when the front-end treatment load exceeds the treatment load limit, the recovery degree is lower than the set recovery threshold, or the water quality parameters after the membrane exceed the membrane permeate limit, the biochemically treated effluent is switched to the bypass deep treatment branch for deep treatment and then sent to the disinfection unit, and when the recovery degree is continuously lower than the recovery threshold after a set number of backwashes, the chemical cleaning of the membrane module is started; S61, compare the reuse control safety level with the prohibition of reuse level, and compare the online water quality detection result of the water supply point with the set limit; S62, when the reuse control safety level is the prohibited reuse level, or when the online water quality detection result of the water supply point exceeds the set limit, the reclaimed water supply valve and the corresponding reclaimed water branch of the water supply zone are closed, and the clean water supply valve and the corresponding clean water branch of the water supply zone are opened to switch the water supply zone to clean water supply. S63, open the membrane permeate return valve or the disinfection effluent return valve to return the excess water from the permeate side of the membrane separation unit or the excess water in the disinfection contact tank to the regulating tank at the front end of the multi-stage wastewater treatment process, so that the excess water re-enters the multi-stage wastewater treatment process. S64, start the clean water flushing branch to flush the water supply pipeline of the corresponding water supply zone with clean water, and return the flushing water to the regulating tank or discharge it into the wastewater collection unit through the flushing water return branch, and record and alarm the excessive events.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention uses the number of broilers, their age, and the temperature inside the shed, combined with the duration of the control cycle, to predict the drinking water demand of each water supply zone for the next control cycle. It also uses the deviation between historical measured drinking water volume and the reference daily drinking water volume per broiler to perform rolling corrections. Drinking water demand is estimated before water usage occurs, allowing the water supply and membrane separation unit's water production scheduling to match actual demand in advance, avoiding the lag caused by passively following historical water usage. The rolling correction continuously adjusts the reference value with measured values, and the prediction results gradually approach the actual drinking water patterns as the breeding process progresses. This provides an accurate and stable demand-side basis for subsequent blending control and membrane flux scheduling, making the entire water supply process more aligned with the actual needs of broilers at different growth stages and under different environmental temperatures.

[0017] This invention uses the quality of disinfected water (closer to the final drinking water) and the water quality at the water supply point to jointly determine the safety level for reuse control. It takes the strongest restriction among the levels corresponding to each key water quality parameter as the comprehensive level. The quality of the undisinfected post-membrane water is used as a prerequisite for whether the membrane-separated water is allowed to enter subsequent stages. The water quality in intermediate treatment stages is used to judge the front-end treatment load and process anomalies, supplemented by microbial safety evaluation parameters. The safety level is determined based on the water quality that best represents drinking water safety, following the principle of the weakest link; failure of any key parameter will raise the level accordingly, avoiding the risk of a single parameter passing while other parameters exceed the standard. The water quality in intermediate stages is no longer evaluated according to the final drinking water standard, avoiding situations where overly strict judgments make it difficult to reuse reclaimed water. While effectively ensuring the safety of drinking water for broilers, it provides a reliable yet not overly stringent premise for the rational reuse of reclaimed water.

[0018] This invention determines the reclaimed water mixing ratio under the dual constraints of the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio given by the safety level of reuse control and the upper limit of the mixing ratio given by the available reclaimed water volume, taking the smaller of the two. The mixing ratio is corrected by feedback based on the online detection results of ammonia nitrogen at the water supply point. The mixing ratio is carried out separately for each water supply zone of the chicken house by means of independent reclaimed water supply main pipes and clean water supply main pipes, as well as mixing valve groups for each zone. The mixing ratio is simultaneously constrained by water quality safety and available water volume. The reuse of reclaimed water is maximized without exceeding safety limits, and the consumption of clean water is reduced accordingly. The fluctuation of water quality at the end is suppressed in a timely manner through feedback, and the stability of the water supply quality is maintained. The two independent main pipes allow each zone to adopt different mixing ratios according to its own water demand and water quality conditions, adapting to the differentiated needs of different zones in the chicken house, and achieving a balance between saving clean water and ensuring drinking water safety.

[0019] This invention predetermines the set operating flux of the membrane module based on the predicted water demand and the blending ratio of reclaimed water. During periods of low demand, it operates stably at a flux not exceeding the subcritical flux and pre-stores qualified reclaimed water in the reclaimed water tank. Furthermore, it uses the temperature correction ratio flux, which separates the effects of water temperature from those of membrane fouling, as well as its relative rate of decline and degree of recovery to determine membrane fouling and trigger backwashing, chemical cleaning, and bypass deep treatment accordingly. Before peak water demand, the membrane surface has reduced the instantaneous load through pre-storage and always operates at a low fouling rate flux, which slows down the development of membrane fouling, reduces the frequency of chemical cleaning, and extends the service life of the membrane. In the event of short-term membrane deterioration or front-end abnormalities, it can still continuously produce reusable water through bypass without interrupting the water supply. The above-mentioned water demand forecasting, reuse safety classification, blending control and membrane fouling control are interconnected and form a mutually coupled whole. The low-flux operation caused by low demand makes the membrane water production more stable and the reuse safety level higher, which in turn allows for a higher blending ratio and lower clean water consumption. It promotes and enhances each other in terms of saving clean water, ensuring drinking water safety, protecting membrane modules and maintaining stable water supply. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the reclaimed water reuse rate and clean water saving rate of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the relative error in water demand prediction between Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

[0022] Figure 3 The graphs show a comparison of membrane fouling control indicators between Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, where (a) is a line graph showing the temperature correction specific flux as a function of operating time, and (b) is a bar graph showing the number of membrane chemical cleaning cycles.

[0023] Figure 4This is a scatter plot showing the trade-off between the water-saving rate of clean water and the number of times the water quality at the water supply point exceeded the standard for Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the treatment and water supply structure of the integrated wastewater recycling and regeneration system for caged broiler chickens according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the detection, control, and signal relationship of the integrated wastewater recycling and water supply device for caged broiler chickens according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present application will now be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments.

[0027] The integrated wastewater recycling and regeneration system for caged broiler chickens provided in this embodiment includes a wastewater collection unit, a solid-liquid separation unit, an equalization tank, a biochemical treatment unit, a membrane separation unit, and a disinfection unit connected sequentially along the water flow direction. For example... Figures 5-6 As shown, the wastewater collection unit collects rinsing wastewater and manure wastewater generated during caged broiler farming and sends it to the solid-liquid separation unit. The solid-liquid separation unit removes suspended solids and manure residue from the wastewater, reducing the load on subsequent treatment units. The wastewater after solid-liquid separation enters the equalization tank, where the wastewater volume and quality are homogenized and buffered to ensure stable influent for subsequent treatment processes. The biochemical treatment unit degrades organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater through microbial action. The membrane separation unit performs solid-liquid separation and deep purification on the biochemical treatment effluent, retaining suspended solids, colloids, and some dissolved substances to obtain membrane permeate with better water quality. The disinfection unit disinfects the membrane permeate, killing pathogenic microorganisms. The disinfection unit includes a disinfection dosing component and a disinfection contact tank. The disinfection dosing component adds disinfectant to the water, and the disinfection contact tank provides sufficient contact time between the disinfectant and water to ensure disinfection effectiveness.

[0028] The effluent from the disinfection unit is connected to a recycled water tank, which stores qualified reclaimed water. The recycled water tank is connected to the reclaimed water supply main pipe via a reclaimed water supply valve, and the clean water tank is connected to the clean water supply main pipe via a clean water replenishment valve. Both the reclaimed water supply main pipe and the clean water supply main pipe are connected to the chicken house's zoned water supply units. This arrangement of two independent main pipes—one for reclaimed water and one for clean water—allows reclaimed water and clean water to be delivered separately to each water supply zone in the chicken house. This facilitates the mixing of reclaimed water and clean water in different proportions in each zone, unlike the method of pre-mixing the two waters in a single main pipe, thus providing conditions for differentiated mixing of water in each zone.

[0029] The membrane separation unit is equipped with a membrane operation detection unit, which includes pressure sensors located on the feed water side, concentrate side, and product water side of the membrane separation unit; a flow sensor located in the product water pipeline; and a temperature sensor located on the feed water side or in the membrane tank. The transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane separation unit is related to the pressure on the feed water side, concentrate side, and product water side. Calculating the transmembrane pressure difference from the measured values ​​of these three pressure points is more accurate than estimating it solely from the inlet and outlet pressures. Placing the temperature sensor on the feed water side or in the membrane tank ensures that the measured water temperature is closer to the actual operating water temperature at the membrane surface, avoiding the introduction of deviations due to misinterpreting the product water pipeline temperature as the feed water temperature. The transmembrane pressure difference is the pressure difference across the membrane, reflecting the pressure that drives water through the membrane.

[0030] Online water quality monitoring units are respectively installed at the outlets of the solid-liquid separation unit, the biochemical treatment unit, the product water side of the membrane separation unit, and the disinfection unit. Online water supply point monitoring units are also installed at the water supply points of the chicken house's zoned water supply unit. The online water quality monitoring unit at the disinfection unit outlet includes a turbidity sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, an oxidation-reduction potential sensor, a conductivity sensor, and a residual chlorine sensor. The online water quality monitoring units at the outlets of the solid-liquid separation unit, the biochemical treatment unit, and the product water side of the membrane separation unit also include turbidity sensors, ammonia nitrogen sensors, oxidation-reduction potential sensors, and conductivity sensors. Turbidity is a parameter characterizing the content of suspended particulate matter in water; ammonia nitrogen is a parameter characterizing the content of ammonia nitrogen in water; oxidation-reduction potential is a parameter characterizing the relative strength of oxidizing and reducing substances in water; conductivity is a parameter characterizing the total amount of soluble ions in water; and residual chlorine is a parameter characterizing the content of residual disinfectant in water. After solid-liquid separation, biochemical treatment, and membrane treatment, no disinfectant has been added to the water. Residual chlorine at these points typically lacks stable detection significance, and may even inhibit microbial activity during biochemical treatment. Therefore, residual chlorine sensors are not installed at these points. Instead, residual chlorine sensors are installed at the disinfection unit outlet and the water supply point to characterize the disinfection effect and the residual chlorine level at the end of the pipeline. The online detection unit at the water supply point includes a turbidity sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a residual chlorine sensor, an oxidation-reduction potential sensor, and a conductivity sensor to detect the water quality of the water ultimately entering the drinking water pipeline.

[0031] The recycled water tank, the clean water tank, and the disinfection contact tank are each equipped with a liquid level detection unit. This unit detects the liquid level in each tank, providing a basis for pre-storing production water, preventing overflow, and preventing the water pump from running dry. Each water supply zone in the chicken house is equipped with an environmental and stock acquisition unit. This unit includes a temperature sensor and a stock age recording module located in each water supply zone. The temperature sensor detects the temperature inside the chicken house in each water supply zone, and the stock age recording module obtains the number and age of broilers in each water supply zone.

[0032] The membrane separation unit is equipped with a backwashing unit, which is used to backwash the membrane separation unit, remove contaminants attached to the membrane surface, and restore the membrane's water flow performance. A bypass deep treatment branch is connected in parallel to the membrane separation unit. The inlet of the bypass deep treatment branch is connected to the outlet of the biological treatment unit, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the disinfection unit. The bypass deep treatment branch includes a bypass inlet valve, a bypass outlet valve, a bypass booster pump, and deep treatment components. When the membrane separation unit is under backwashing or when its water flow capacity decreases due to increased fouling, the bypass deep treatment branch takes over to perform deep treatment on the biological treatment effluent. The treated water is then sent to the disinfection unit, allowing the system to continuously produce reusable water even when the membrane separation unit experiences a short-term decrease in efficiency. A membrane permeate return valve is connected between the permeate side of the membrane separation unit and the equalization tank, and a disinfection effluent return valve is connected between the disinfection contact box and the equalization tank. The membrane permeate return valve and the disinfection effluent return valve are used to return the corresponding excess water to the equalization tank for reprocessing when the water quality of the membrane permeate or disinfection effluent exceeds the limit.

[0033] The chicken house zoned water supply unit includes zoned reclaimed water branches, zoned clean water branches, zoned mixing valve groups, and zoned flow detection units, each corresponding to a water supply zone. The zoned reclaimed water branches are connected to the reclaimed water supply main pipe, and the zoned clean water branches are connected to the clean water supply main pipe. The zoned mixing valve groups for each water supply zone mix reclaimed water from the zoned reclaimed water branches with clean water from the zoned clean water branches. The zoned flow detection units detect the water flow rate for the corresponding water supply zone, thereby ensuring that each water supply zone is supplied with water independently according to its own reclaimed water mixing ratio. The chicken house zoned water supply unit also includes a clean water flushing branch and a flushing water return branch. The clean water flushing branch is used to flush the water supply pipelines of the corresponding water supply zone with clean water when the water quality exceeds the limit. The flushing water return branch connects to a regulating tank or wastewater collection unit to guide the flushing water back to the treatment process or discharge it into the wastewater collection terminal.

[0034] The device also includes a control unit. The signal output terminals of the online water quality monitoring unit, the membrane operation monitoring unit, the liquid level monitoring unit, the environment and livestock acquisition unit, and the online water supply point monitoring unit are respectively connected to the input terminal of the control unit. The output terminal of the control unit is respectively connected to the reclaimed water supply valve, the clean water supply valve, the backwashing unit, the bypass inlet valve, the bypass outlet valve and the bypass booster pump of the bypass deep treatment branch, the membrane permeate return valve, the disinfection outlet return valve, and the zoned mixing valve group of each water supply zone. The control unit receives signals from the above-mentioned monitoring units and outputs control commands accordingly, so that wastewater treatment, water quality determination, mixed water supply and membrane fouling control work together to increase the reuse rate of reclaimed water while ensuring the drinking water safety of broilers.

[0035] Based on the above device, its actual operation process is executed cyclically according to the set control cycle, including steps S1 to S6.

[0036] Step S1 is the data acquisition step, used to collect the indoor temperature, number of broilers, and age of chickens in each water supply zone of the chicken house. It also collects water quality parameters at four nodes in the multi-stage wastewater treatment process: after solid-liquid separation, after biochemical treatment, after membrane treatment, and after disinfection. Furthermore, it collects the transmembrane pressure difference, permeate flux, influent water temperature, and water level in each tank. Step S1 further includes steps S11 to S13. In step S11, according to the set control cycle duration, the indoor temperature is obtained by the environmental and stock acquisition unit of each water supply zone, and the number of broilers and their age are obtained by the breeding management through input or inventory, thus obtaining the stock and environmental data for each water supply zone, providing input for subsequent water demand prediction. In step S12, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential, and conductivity are collected after solid-liquid separation, after biochemical treatment, and after membrane treatment; and turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, and residual chlorine are collected after disinfection and at the water supply point, obtaining the water quality parameters for each node. In step S13, the transmembrane pressure difference is calculated by pressure detection on the feed water side, concentrate side and product water side of the membrane separation unit; the product water flux is calculated by flow detection of the product water pipeline and the effective membrane area; the feed water temperature is obtained by temperature detection on the feed water side of the membrane separation unit; and the liquid levels of the recycled water tank, clean water tank and disinfection contact tank are obtained by liquid level detection, thus obtaining membrane operation data and liquid level data.

[0037] Step S2 is the water demand prediction step. Based on the number of broilers, their age, the house temperature, and the duration of the control cycle, the feedforward prediction of the predicted water demand for each water supply zone in the next control cycle is obtained, and the total predicted water demand for the chicken house is summarized. Feedforward refers to estimating water demand in advance based on known influencing factors before water usage occurs, unlike passive following based solely on historical water usage. Feedforward prediction allows the scheduling of water supply and membrane water production to match actual demand in advance. Step S2 further includes steps S21 to S24. In step S21, according to the age-single daily water consumption reference table for the broiler breed, the reference daily water consumption per bird is obtained by looking up and interpolating the current age. This age-single daily water consumption reference table is derived from reference data on daily water consumption of broilers of different ages in well-known broiler breeding and management data in the poultry farming industry. The reference daily water consumption per bird is obtained by linearly interpolating the current age between the reference values ​​of adjacent ages.

[0038] In step S22, the indoor temperature of each water supply zone is collected, and the predicted water demand of each water supply zone is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, For the first Predicted water demand (L) for each water supply zone; For the first Number of broiler chickens in each water supply zone (number of chickens); The recommended daily water intake per bird (L / bird); To control the cycle length (h); 24 represents the number of hours in a day (h); This is a temperature correction factor (dimensionless), calculated according to... Calculate and limit to a preset lower limit With preset upper limit between; The temperature sensitivity coefficient of drinking water volume (1 / ℃); For the first Temperature (°C) inside each water supply zone; Reference temperature (°C) for prediction; This is the lower limit of the temperature correction factor (dimensionless); This is the upper limit of the temperature correction factor (dimensionless). The above formula multiplies the daily reference water intake per animal by... The ratio to 24 is because the daily reference water intake per bird is the water intake of a single bird within a 24-hour period, over a duration of [missing information]. The water consumption of a single bird within one control cycle is approximately the time-proportioned calculated daily reference water consumption per bird, therefore multiplied by... The ratio of daily water consumption to 24 is used to convert the daily water consumption into the water consumption within the control period. A temperature correction factor is used to reflect the pattern of water consumption change with indoor temperature. Research and management data in poultry farming show that in areas above the optimal temperature range, the water consumption of broilers increases approximately linearly with increasing indoor temperature; therefore, a ratio of 1 is used as the baseline. The product of the temperature deviation from the reference temperature represents the relative increase or decrease caused by the temperature change. When the internal temperature is higher than the reference temperature, the temperature correction factor is greater than 1, and vice versa. To prevent the temperature correction factor from being too low or even non-positive when the internal temperature is significantly lower than the reference temperature and the temperature sensitivity coefficient is large, the temperature correction factor is limited to between a preset lower limit and a preset upper limit. The value is determined based on the response of the water consumption of the broiler breed to temperature changes. The optimal temperature range for broiler chickens should be selected as representative temperatures. and The water demand is preferably determined based on the reasonable fluctuation range of the water consumption in production relative to the reference value. Thus, the predicted water demand obtained in step S22 simultaneously reflects the influence of the stock size, growth stage and ambient temperature.

[0039] In step S23, the predicted water requirements of each water supply zone are summed to obtain the total predicted water requirement of the chicken house, which serves as the input for reclaimed water blending control and membrane module flux scheduling. In step S24, the historical measured drinking water volume of each water supply zone is recorded for the same period, and the historical measured daily drinking water volume per bird for the same period is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, The measured daily water consumption per bird during the same period in history (L / bird); The measured water consumption (L) for the same period in history; The number of broiler chickens in stock is the same as the historical average for the same period (in birds); 24 represents the number of hours in a day (h). To control the cycle duration (h), the above formula first divides the historical measured water consumption in the same period by the historical number of broilers in the same period to obtain the measured water consumption per bird in that period, and then multiplies it by 24. The ratio, the duration is The water consumption per bird within the control period is converted into the measured daily water consumption per bird, making it comparable to the reference daily water consumption per bird with the same dimensions. Subsequently, the reference daily water consumption per bird is rolled over and corrected according to the deviation between the measured daily water consumption per bird and the reference daily water consumption per bird in the same historical period. The corrected reference daily water consumption per bird is used in the calculation of step S22, so that the predicted water demand gradually approaches the true value according to the actual water consumption pattern during the breeding process.

[0040] Step S3 is the reuse control safety level determination step. Based on the water quality parameters after disinfection and the online water quality monitoring results at the water supply point, the reuse control safety level is determined. Based on the water quality parameters after the membrane, it is determined whether the effluent from the membrane separation meets the preconditions for entering the disinfection unit. Furthermore, based on the water quality parameters after solid-liquid separation and after biochemical treatment, the front-end treatment load and process anomalies are determined. Step S3 further includes steps S31 to S35. In step S31, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, and residual chlorine are collected after disinfection and at the water supply point. Turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential, and conductivity are collected after solid-liquid separation, after biochemical treatment, and after the membrane. In step S32, limit ranges corresponding to the drinking water quality requirements for livestock and poultry are set for the water quality parameters after disinfection and at the water supply point. Each limit range corresponds to a discrete reuse level ranging from potable to prohibited reuse. The reuse level with the stronger restrictions on reclaimed water reuse among the reuse levels corresponding to each water quality parameter is taken as the reuse control safety level. Using the reuse level with stricter restrictions on reclaimed water reuse as the reuse control safety level draws on the concepts of multi-barrier and weak-plate control. This means that if any key water quality parameter fails to meet the standard, the reuse control safety level is raised to the correspondingly stricter level, preventing a single parameter's compliance from masking other parameters' exceedances, thus improving the safety of reused drinking water. Determining the reuse control safety level solely based on the water quality parameters after disinfection and at the water supply point is more appropriate because the disinfected water and the water at the supply point are closer to the water ultimately entering the broiler's drinking water, making them a more suitable indicator of reuse drinking water safety.

[0041] In step S33, the water quality parameters after membrane separation are compared with the membrane permeate limit. If the water quality parameters after membrane separation exceed the membrane permeate limit, at least one of the following is executed: triggered reflux, triggered bypass deep treatment, and reduced reclaimed water blending ratio. This ensures that the membrane-separated effluent meets the prerequisites for entering the disinfection unit or reclaimed water tank. Since the water after membrane separation has not yet been disinfected, directly evaluating it according to the requirements for final drinking water is often too stringent. Therefore, the water quality after membrane separation is used here as a prerequisite for whether the membrane-separated effluent is allowed to enter the subsequent disinfection and reuse stages, rather than being directly equated with the final evaluation of reused drinking water. This makes the determination of the reuse control safety level more reasonable. In step S34, the water quality parameters after solid-liquid separation and after biological treatment are compared with the treatment load limit. If the treatment load limit is exceeded, it is determined to be an abnormal process state. The treatment time is extended by at least one of the following: reducing the effluent flow rate of the equalization tank, increasing the internal circulation reflux flow rate of the biological treatment unit, and extending the hydraulic retention time of the equalization tank or biological treatment unit. After solid-liquid separation and biochemical treatment, the water quality is intermediate in the process, and is usually inferior to the final disinfected effluent. Therefore, its water quality parameters are used to reflect the front-end treatment load and process status, rather than directly participating in the determination of the final reuse control safety level. When the front-end treatment load is high, the treatment time is extended in the above manner to ensure that pollutants are removed more thoroughly. In step S35, microbial safety evaluation parameters are obtained according to a set detection cycle. The microbial safety evaluation parameters include offline detection results of total coliforms and total colony count, or disinfection effectiveness indicators formed by residual chlorine, oxidation-reduction potential, and disinfection contact time. If the microbial safety evaluation parameters are unqualified, the reuse control safety level is set to the prohibited reuse level for a preset time period, and the reuse of reclaimed water is restricted until new qualified microbial safety evaluation parameters are obtained. Total coliforms and total bacterial count are offline detection indicators that characterize the degree of microbial pollution in water. Their detection requires a certain amount of time and is difficult to obtain in real time within each control cycle. Therefore, they are obtained according to the set detection cycle, and the reuse control safety level is set to the prohibited reuse level within a preset time period after they fail to meet the standard, as a supplement to the real-time water quality parameters, so as to take into account microbial safety.

[0042] Step S4 is the mixing ratio control step. The upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio is determined based on the reuse control safety level. The reclaimed water mixing ratio is determined by combining the available water volume in the reclaimed water tank with the total predicted water demand of the chicken house. Based on this, the reclaimed water supply valve, clean water supply valve, and corresponding zone mixing valve groups are controlled to ensure that reclaimed water and clean water enter the chicken house's water supply zones in proportion through the reclaimed water supply header and clean water supply header. The reclaimed water mixing ratio is then corrected based on the online water quality monitoring results at the water supply points. Step S4 further includes steps S41 to S45. In step S41, based on the reuse control safety level and the preset correspondence between the safety level and the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio, the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio is retrieved. The stricter the reuse control safety level, the lower the corresponding upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio, thus ensuring that the reuse ratio of reclaimed water is constrained by water quality safety.

[0043] In step S42, when the total predicted water demand of the chicken house is greater than zero, the upper limit of the reclaimed water blending ratio is calculated and the reclaimed water blending ratio is determined according to the following formula: , ; In the formula, The upper limit (dimensionless) can be provided for the blending ratio of reclaimed water; The amount of reclaimed water available in the reclaimed water tank during the current control cycle (L); The total predicted water requirement for the chicken house is (L); the value of 1 is the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio (dimensionless); The reclaimed water blending ratio (dimensionless); The upper limit of the reclaimed water blending ratio (dimensionless); min indicates taking the smaller value among the values ​​in parentheses. The available upper limit of the reclaimed water blending ratio is the ratio of the available reclaimed water in the reclaimed water tank to the total predicted water demand of the chicken house. It reflects the maximum proportion that reclaimed water can meet under the current available reclaimed water conditions. It is limited to no more than 1 because the reclaimed water blending ratio is the proportion of reclaimed water to the total water supply, and its value does not exceed 1. Taking the reclaimed water blending ratio as the smaller of the upper limit of the reclaimed water blending ratio and the available upper limit of the reclaimed water blending ratio ensures that the reuse ratio of reclaimed water does not exceed the upper limit allowed by water quality safety and the upper limit allowed by available water volume. When the total predicted water demand of the chicken house is zero, mixed water supply is not implemented and the reclaimed water blending ratio is set to zero to avoid the division by zero in the above formula when there is no water demand.

[0044] In step S43, the water supply volume for the two lines is determined by the following formula: , ; In the formula, The water supply (L) of the reclaimed water branch during the current control cycle; The water supply (L) of the clear water branch during the current control cycle; The reclaimed water blending ratio (dimensionless); The total predicted water requirement for the chicken house is (L). Then, based on the water supply volumes of the reclaimed water branch and the clean water branch, the reclaimed water supply valve, clean water replenishment valve, and corresponding zone flow detection units are controlled to ensure that reclaimed water and clean water enter each water supply zone of the chicken house in a proportional manner. The water supply volume of the reclaimed water branch is the product of the reclaimed water mixing ratio and the total predicted water requirement for the chicken house; the water supply volume of the clean water branch is the product of the remaining ratio and the total predicted water requirement for the chicken house. The sum of the two water supply volumes equals the total predicted water requirement for the chicken house. While meeting the total water supply requirement, reclaimed water is mixed in according to the set ratio. In step S44, the online detection value of ammonia nitrogen at the water supply point is collected, and the reclaimed water mixing ratio is corrected using the following formula: ; In the formula, The corrected reclaimed water blending ratio (dimensionless); The original reclaimed water blending ratio (dimensionless) before correction; The gain (L / mg) is used for feedback correction of the mixing ratio; The online detection value of ammonia nitrogen at the water supply point (mg / L); The upper limit of the ammonia nitrogen control target (mg / L) for the water supply point; max indicates taking the larger value among the values ​​in parentheses. In the formula, max is related to 0, The term "coordination" means that when the online ammonia nitrogen detection value at the water supply point exceeds the upper limit of the ammonia nitrogen control target, the difference between the two values ​​is taken; otherwise, it is zero. Therefore, when the online ammonia nitrogen detection value at the water supply point does not exceed the upper limit of the ammonia nitrogen control target, the correction term is zero, and the reclaimed water blending ratio remains unchanged. When the online ammonia nitrogen detection value at the water supply point exceeds the upper limit of the ammonia nitrogen control target, the reclaimed water blending ratio is adjusted proportionally to the excess amount, and the corrected reclaimed water blending ratio is limited to between zero and the upper limit of the reclaimed water blending ratio. This closed-loop feedback method suppresses further increases in ammonia nitrogen when the water quality at the water supply point fluctuates. Closed-loop feedback refers to a control method where the output detection value of the controlled object is fed back to adjust the control quantity. The blending ratio feedback correction gain is preferably tuned based on the response sensitivity of the ammonia nitrogen detection value at the water supply point to changes in the reclaimed water blending ratio. In step S45, based on the predicted water demand and reuse control safety level of each water supply zone, the reclaimed water mixing ratio of each water supply zone is determined by the zone mixing valve group, and the water supply of each water supply zone in the chicken house is mixed separately, so that each water supply zone adopts a different reclaimed water mixing ratio according to its own water demand and water quality conditions.

[0045] Step S5 is the membrane operation control step. Based on the reclaimed water mixing ratio, the total predicted water demand of the chicken house, the effective membrane area, and the control cycle duration, the set operating flux of the membrane module is determined. When the predicted water demand is low and the level in the reclaimed water tank is below the pre-storage upper limit, the membrane module operates at a flux not exceeding the subcritical flux and pre-stors qualified reclaimed water in the reclaimed water tank. Backwashing is triggered based on the rate of decrease in the membrane module temperature correction specific flux. When the front-end treatment load exceeds the limit, membrane fouling is not restored after backwashing, or the water quality parameters after the membrane exceed the membrane permeate limit, the biologically treated effluent is switched to a bypass deep treatment branch for deep treatment before being sent to the disinfection unit. Step S5 further includes steps S51 to S55. In step S51, the required reclaimed water permeate volume for the current control cycle is determined based on the reclaimed water mixing ratio and the total predicted water demand of the chicken house. When using a uniform reclaimed water mixing ratio for the entire chicken house, the required reclaimed water permeate volume for the current control cycle is determined according to... Calculations are made based on the blending ratio of zoned reclaimed water. Calculate, where, The required amount of reclaimed water produced in the current control cycle (L); The uniform reclaimed water mixing ratio (dimensionless) is used throughout the entire facility; The total predicted water requirement for the chicken house (L); For the first The reclaimed water blending ratio (dimensionless) for each water supply zone; For the first Predicted water demand (L) for each water supply zone; This represents the summation for each water supply zone in the chicken house. When all water supply zones use a uniform reclaimed water blending ratio, the required reclaimed water production is the product of the reclaimed water blending ratio and the total predicted water requirement of the chicken house. When different water supply zones use different reclaimed water blending ratios, the required reclaimed water production is the sum of the product of the reclaimed water blending ratio of each water supply zone and the predicted water requirement of that zone, applied to all water supply zones, ensuring that the required reclaimed water production matches the zone blending structure. The set operating flux of the membrane module is then determined using the following formula: ; In the formula, To set the operating flux (L / (m2·h)); The required amount of reclaimed water produced in the current control cycle (L); The effective area of ​​the membrane (m2); To control the cycle duration (h), the operating flux is set as the permeate flow rate per unit membrane area per unit time, equal to the required reclaimed water permeate flow rate divided by the product of the effective membrane area and the control cycle duration. The set operating flux is ensured not to exceed the subcritical flux of the membrane module. Subcritical flux is the flux below the critical flux, where the fouling rate is relatively low during membrane separation. Membrane fouling develops more slowly when operating below the subcritical flux. This concept originates from well-known research in the field of membrane separation regarding critical flux and subcritical operation.

[0046] In step S52, when the predicted water demand is low and the level in the reclaimed water tank is below the pre-storage upper limit, the membrane module operates at a flux not exceeding the subcritical flux and pre-stores qualified reclaimed water in the reclaimed water tank. When the level in the reclaimed water tank reaches the pre-storage upper limit, the membrane module's water production is reduced or stopped. During periods of low predicted water demand, the instantaneous water production required for feedwater is small. At this time, the membrane module operates at a low and stable flux and pre-stores qualified reclaimed water in the reclaimed water tank. During periods of high predicted water demand, the water supply is replenished from the water stored in the reclaimed water tank. This prevents the membrane module from being forced to operate at a higher flux during peak water demand periods, resulting in a more stable hydraulic load on the membrane surface and inhibiting the development of membrane fouling. When the level in the reclaimed water tank reaches the pre-storage upper limit, the membrane module's water production is reduced or stopped to prevent overflow of the reclaimed water tank. The pre-storage upper limit is preferably determined based on the volume of the reclaimed water tank and the typical fluctuation range of water demand.

[0047] In step S53, the temperature correction specific flux of the membrane module is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, Temperature-corrected specific flux (L / (m2·h·kPa)); The permeate flux of the membrane module (L / (m2·h)); The transmembrane pressure difference (kPa) of the membrane module; is the viscosity-temperature correction factor for water (dimensionless), which characterizes the specific flux correction factor caused by viscosity when the water temperature changes by 1°C; 20 represents the feed water temperature of the membrane module (°C); 20 represents the reference temperature (°C) for specific flux normalization. express of Specific flux is the ratio of permeate flux to transmembrane pressure difference, reflecting the permeate production capacity per unit transmembrane pressure difference. Since water viscosity decreases with increasing temperature, under the same membrane fouling conditions, specific flux is higher at higher temperatures and lower at lower temperatures. Directly using specific flux to judge membrane fouling can be affected by changes in water temperature. To separate the influence of water temperature from the influence of membrane fouling, a temperature correction method known in the membrane separation field is used, with a reference temperature of 20°C, and the specific flux is multiplied by the temperature correction factor. of The power factor normalizes the specific flux measured at different water temperatures to the temperature-corrected specific flux at the reference temperature. When the membrane feed water temperature is above 20℃, the exponent of this power is negative and the correction factor is less than 1; when the membrane feed water temperature is below 20℃, the exponent of this power is positive and the correction factor is greater than 1. This allows the specific flux deviating from the reference temperature to be converted back to the reference temperature. This correction factor is taken as... The exponential form, with the base temperature and the difference between the reference temperature and the membrane feed water temperature as the exponent, is based on the fact that the viscosity of water changes approximately exponentially with temperature within the relevant temperature range. Therefore, the cumulative viscosity-temperature effect is represented by the product of the unit temperature correction coefficients. The preferred value is one that corresponds to the viscosity-temperature relationship of water, and is slightly greater than 1. This means that the temperature correction flux mainly reflects the membrane fouling state and is less affected by water temperature fluctuations, providing a more stable basis for subsequent backwashing and chemical cleaning.

[0048] In step S54, the relative rate of decrease of the temperature correction flux within the sliding window is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, The relative rate of descent (1 / h); The temperature-corrected specific flux at the start of the sliding window (L / (m2·h·kPa)); The temperature-corrected specific flux at the end of the sliding window (L / (m2·h·kPa)); The duration (h) of the sliding window. The sliding window is a fixed time interval that slides forward along time. The relative decrease rate is the ratio of the difference in temperature correction flux between the start and end points of the window to the temperature correction flux at the start of the window, divided by the window duration. This reflects how quickly the temperature correction flux decreases over time; a faster decrease indicates faster membrane fouling. Backwashing of the membrane module is initiated when the relative decrease rate exceeds a set rate threshold or the temperature correction flux falls below a set lower limit for specific flux. This allows for timely removal of fouling when it develops rapidly or when the membrane's water throughput capacity decreases to a certain extent. The rate threshold and lower limit for specific flux are preferably determined based on the temperature correction flux of the membrane module in a clean state and the acceptable level of fouling.

[0049] In step S55, the degree of recovery from backwashing is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, The degree of restoration (dimensionless); The temperature-corrected specific flux after backwashing (L / (m2·h·kPa)); The baseline temperature-corrected flux (L / (m²·h·kPa)) is the flux after cleaning the membrane or the last chemical cleaning. The recovery degree is the ratio of the temperature-corrected flux after backwashing to the baseline temperature-corrected flux after cleaning the membrane or the last chemical cleaning. Using a cleaner state as a benchmark, it reflects the overall degradation of the membrane module relative to that cleaner state. This differs from simply comparing flux changes before and after backwashing, avoiding misjudgments of good recovery due to a higher ratio before and after backwashing when the flux was already low. When the upstream treatment load exceeds the treatment load limit, the recovery degree is lower than the set recovery threshold, or the water quality parameters after the membrane exceed the membrane permeate limit, the biological treatment effluent is switched to a bypass deep treatment branch for deep treatment before being sent to the disinfection unit. This ensures that the system can continue to produce reusable water even when the membrane separation unit experiences short-term efficiency degradation or upstream process malfunctions. Furthermore, when the recovery degree remains below the recovery threshold after a set number of consecutive backwashes, chemical cleaning of the membrane module is initiated. Chemical cleaning uses chemical agents to remove irreversible fouling that is difficult to remove through backwashing, restoring the membrane's water permeability. The recovery threshold is preferably determined based on the acceptable rate of membrane performance degradation, and the number of consecutive settings is preferably determined based on the recovery pattern of membrane fouling caused by backwashing.

[0050] Step S6 is the over-limit switching and backflow flushing step. When the reuse control safety level is at the prohibited reuse level or the online water quality detection result of the water supply point exceeds the limit, the reclaimed water supply valve and the corresponding reclaimed water branch of the water supply zone are closed and switched to clean water supply. The water supply pipeline of the corresponding water supply zone is flushed with clean water, and the over-limit water is returned to the front end of the wastewater multi-stage treatment process. Step S6 further includes steps S61 to S64. In step S61, the reuse control safety level is compared with the prohibited reuse level, and the online water quality detection result of the water supply point is compared with the set limit. In step S62, when the reuse control safety level is at the prohibited reuse level or the online water quality detection result of the water supply point exceeds the set limit, the reclaimed water supply valve and the corresponding reclaimed water branch of the water supply zone are closed, and the clean water supply valve and the corresponding clean water branch of the water supply zone are opened to switch the water supply zone to clean water supply. Simply closing the reclaimed water supply valve while keeping the corresponding reclaimed water branch line open is insufficient to prevent reclaimed water from entering that water zone. Therefore, the corresponding reclaimed water branch line for that water zone is simultaneously closed while the clean water branch line is opened, allowing the water zone to be supplied with clean water to ensure the safety of the broiler's drinking water. In step S63, the membrane permeate return valve or the disinfection outlet return valve is opened to return the substandard water from the membrane separation unit's permeate side or the disinfection contact tank to the equalization tank at the front end of the multi-stage wastewater treatment process, allowing the substandard water to re-enter the multi-stage wastewater treatment process and preventing unqualified water from entering the reuse tank or water supply pipeline. In step S64, the clean water flushing branch line is opened to flush the water supply pipeline of the corresponding water zone with clean water. The flushing water is then returned to the equalization tank or discharged into the wastewater collection unit via the flushing water return branch line, and any substandard events are recorded and alarmed. There may be residual reclaimed water in the water supply pipeline. Simply switching valves may not be enough to drain it immediately. Therefore, the corresponding pipeline is flushed with clean water and the flushing water is returned to the treatment process or discharged into the wastewater collection end to ensure the water quality of subsequent water supply.

[0051] Steps S1 to S6 are executed cyclically under the coordination of the control unit, forming a mutually coupled control relationship. On the one hand, the feedforward water demand prediction in step S2 provides the demand-side basis for the blending control in step S4 and the membrane flux scheduling in step S5, enabling the water supply and production water to match the actual demand in advance. On the other hand, the reuse control safety level in step S3, constrained by the reclaimed water blending ratio in step S4, and then affected by the membrane module's production water and operating flux in step S5, and the relatively stable membrane production water quality obtained by the membrane module operating smoothly under subcritical flux in step S5, in turn, is conducive to obtaining a higher reuse control safety level in step S3, and allows a higher reclaimed water blending ratio in step S4. Thus, water demand prediction, reuse safety classification, blended feedwater and membrane fouling control are interconnected, the reuse ratio of reclaimed water is maximized under the constraint of water quality safety, the consumption of fresh water is reduced accordingly, the membrane module operates more smoothly, and the safety of drinking water for broilers is guaranteed through multiple judgments and measures such as over-limit switching, reflux, and flushing.

[0052] This implementation method is applicable to wastewater regeneration and recycling in caged broiler farms. It can also be implemented with reference to other caged or intensive farming scenarios.

[0053] Example 1. This example illustrates the application of wastewater recycling in a caged broiler farm. The chicken house has multiple water supply zones. The broiler breed is commercial white-feathered broiler, with approximately 20,000 birds at 21 days old. The house temperature is approximately 24°C, and the control cycle is 1 hour. The membrane separation unit uses an ultrafiltration membrane module with an effective membrane area of ​​approximately 200 m². The disinfection unit uses sodium hypochlorite dosing and is equipped with a disinfection contact box. In this example, the control unit cyclically executes steps S1 to S6 according to the control cycle. In step S1, the temperature, number of birds, and age of the birds in each section are obtained from the environmental and stock collection units in step S11. In step S12, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential, and conductivity are collected after solid-liquid separation, biochemical treatment, and membrane treatment, and residual chlorine is collected at the water supply point after disinfection. In step S13, the transmembrane pressure difference, permeate flux, influent water temperature, and water level in each tank are obtained. In step S2, the reference daily drinking water per bird is retrieved and interpolated in step S21. In step S22, the predicted water requirement for each section is calculated based on the temperature in the chicken house. In step S23, the total predicted water requirement for the chicken house is summarized. In step S24, the daily drinking water per bird is rolled over and corrected based on the historical measured daily drinking water of the same period. In step S3, steps S31 to S35 determine the safety level for reuse control based on the water quality at the water supply point after disinfection. The process involves several steps: Step S1 uses the post-membrane water quality as an entry threshold; Step S2 uses the water quality after solid-liquid separation and after biochemical treatment to determine front-end process anomalies; and Step S3 acquires microbial safety evaluation parameters according to a set cycle. Step S4 involves determining the upper limit and available upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio according to Steps S41 to S45, taking the smaller one as the reclaimed water mixing ratio, supplying water in two separate streams and correcting for ammonia nitrogen at the water supply point, and mixing each zone separately via zone mixing valve groups. Step S5 involves determining and pre-storing the set operating flux according to Steps S51 to S55, calculating the temperature correction ratio flux and its relative decrease rate to trigger backwashing, triggering chemical cleaning according to the recovery level, and switching to bypass depth treatment in case of anomalies. Step S6 involves switching to clean water, recirculating the excess water, and flushing the water supply pipeline according to Steps S61 to S64 when exceeding the standard. In this embodiment, after 30 days of operation, the average reclaimed water reuse rate was 40%, the clean water saving rate was 38%, the water quality at the water supply point exceeded the standard once, the membrane underwent chemical cleaning twice, and the average relative error of the water demand prediction was 6%.

[0054] Example 2. This example differs from Example 1 in that it is designed for a high-temperature season with a higher stock size of approximately 30,000 birds, aged 35 days, with an indoor temperature of approximately 30°C, a control cycle duration of 0.5 hours, and an effective membrane area of ​​approximately 300 m². The remaining methods are the same as in Example 1. After 30 days of operation, this example showed an average reclaimed water reuse rate of 36%, a clean water saving rate of 33%, two instances of water quality exceeding standards at the water supply point, three membrane chemical cleanings, and an average relative error of 8% in water demand prediction.

[0055] Example 3. This example differs from Example 1 in that it corresponds to the later stage of brooding with lower water requirements, with a stock of approximately 12,000 chicks at 14 days old, an indoor temperature of approximately 26°C, a control cycle duration of 2 hours, and an effective membrane area of ​​approximately 150 m². The remaining methods are the same as in Example 1. After 30 days of operation, this example achieved an average reclaimed water reuse rate of 45%, a clean water saving rate of 42%, zero instances of water quality exceeding standards at the water supply point, one membrane chemical cleaning, and an average relative error of 5% in water demand prediction.

[0056] Comparative Example 1. This comparative example uses the same chicken house, load, and treatment unit as Example 1, except that it uses clean water throughout the entire process, does not utilize reclaimed water reuse, and disables the reuse and blending controls in steps S3 to S5. The membrane separation unit is in a low-load, idle state, and its water demand prediction is estimated using a continuous method instead of feedforward and rolling correction. This comparative example serves as a benchmark for clean water saving rate. After 30 days of operation, the reclaimed water reuse rate was 0%, the clean water saving rate was 0%, the water quality at the water supply point exceeded standards 0 times, the membrane underwent chemical cleaning 0 times, and the average relative error of the water demand prediction was 16%.

[0057] Comparative Example 2. This comparative example uses the same chicken house and load as Example 1, but differs in that it employs a constant reclaimed water blending ratio for water supply, does not perform reuse safety grading or feedback correction, and the membrane separation unit follows instantaneous demand with water production without low-demand pre-storage or temperature correction for predictive backwashing and bypass of flux. Furthermore, it does not use feedforward rolling demand prediction. After 30 days of operation, this comparative example achieved an average reclaimed water reuse rate of 50%, a clean water saving rate of 45%, water quality exceeding standards at the water supply point 9 times, membrane chemical cleaning 5 times, and an average relative error of 18% in demand prediction.

[0058] Comparative Example 3. This comparative example differs from Example 1 in that it retains the reuse safety classification, blending ratio constraints and feedback correction, and feedforward rolling water demand prediction. It only eliminates the coupling between demand and membrane; that is, the membrane separation unit follows the production water according to instantaneous demand, without pre-storage for low demand, and without predictive backwashing and bypass scheduling based on temperature correction and flux. After 30 days of operation, this comparative example achieved an average reclaimed water reuse rate of 33%, a clean water saving rate of 30%, water quality exceeding standards at the feedwater point twice, required 5 membrane chemical cleanings, and had an average relative error of 6% in water demand prediction.

[0059] Experimental Example 1. This experimental example examines the reclaimed water reuse rate and clean water saving rate, using the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, each operated for 30 days. The reclaimed water reuse rate is the ratio of reclaimed water supply to total water supply during the operation period, and the clean water saving rate is the ratio of the reduction in clean water consumption relative to Comparative Example 1 to the clean water consumption of Comparative Example 1. The water supply for each route was obtained by accumulating the flow rate from the zoned flow detection unit. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1The horizontal axis represents each embodiment and comparative example, the vertical axis represents percentages, the light-colored columns represent the recycled water reuse rate, the dark-colored columns represent the clean water saving rate, and the values ​​are marked at the top of each column.

[0060] Depend on Figure 1 The data shows the reclaimed water reuse rate and clean water saving rate of each embodiment and comparative example during the operation period. The reclaimed water reuse rate of Examples 1 to 3 was 36% to 45%, and the clean water saving rate was 33% to 42%, significantly higher than 0% in Comparative Example 1 and 30% in Comparative Example 3, and slightly lower than 45% in Comparative Example 2. Comparative Example 1, as the water-saving benchmark, used clean water for the entire process, and its reclaimed water reuse rate and clean water saving rate were both 0. Figure 1 The column height corresponding to Comparative Example 1 is zero, not missing data. This indicates that the present invention can reduce clean water consumption by replacing clean water with reclaimed water in a certain proportion while ensuring water supply.

[0061] Step S3 determines the reuse control safety level, which sets an upper limit for the reclaimed water mixing ratio. Step S4 determines the reclaimed water mixing ratio accordingly and supplies water to two separate streams proportionally. When the safety level allows, reclaimed water replaces an equal amount of clean water; the more water is replaced, the higher the clean water saving rate. Comparative Example 2 achieves a higher water saving rate with a constant mixing ratio, but combined with... Figure 4 The number of times the water quality at the water supply points exceeded the standard increased significantly, indicating that high mixing without safety level constraints was at the expense of drinking water safety, which shows that it is necessary for the present invention to constrain the mixing ratio with safety level.

[0062] Experimental Example 2. This experimental example examines the accuracy of water demand prediction, using the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The relative error of water demand prediction is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the predicted water demand and the measured drinking water volume in each control cycle to the measured drinking water volume. The measured drinking water volume is obtained from the flow meter of the water supply pipeline. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The horizontal axis represents the control cycle number, and the vertical axis represents the prediction relative error. Different curves correspond to the various embodiments and comparative examples, respectively. Figure 2 The results show the trend of the relative error of water demand prediction in each embodiment and comparative example as the control cycle changes. The relative prediction error of Examples 1 to 3 gradually decreases from an initial of about 15% and converges to 5% to 8% with the control cycle. Comparative Example 3 retains feedforward and rolling correction, and its error is similar to that of the Examples and converges to about 6%. Comparative Example 2 does not use rolling correction, and its error remains at about 18%. Comparative Example 1 uses the continuous method to estimate, and its error remains at about 16%. This shows that the feedforward prediction in step S2 and the rolling correction in step S24 of the present invention can be implemented and improve the prediction accuracy.

[0063] Step S22 calculates the predicted water demand using the number of birds in stock, the daily reference water consumption per bird, the control cycle duration, and the temperature correction coefficient. Step S24 performs rolling correction on the latter based on the deviation between the historical daily measured water consumption per bird and the daily reference water consumption per bird. The mechanism is that water consumption is affected by breed, age, and temperature, resulting in a systematic deviation. The rolling correction continuously uses the measured value to correct the reference value and eliminate this deviation, making the predicted water demand close to the measured value. This provides accurate demand-side input for the blending control in step S4 and the membrane flux scheduling in step S5, which is a prerequisite for achieving coupling between the demand side and the treatment side.

[0064] Experiment Example 3. This experiment example examines the membrane fouling control effect, using the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The temperature-corrected specific flux was calculated in step S53 from the permeate flux, transmembrane pressure difference, and feed water temperature. The permeate flux was calculated from the permeate pipeline flow meter and the effective membrane area. The transmembrane pressure difference was calculated from the pressure sensors on the feed water side, concentrate side, and permeate side of the membrane separation unit. The feed water temperature was obtained from the feed water side temperature sensor. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 In (a), the horizontal axis represents running time and the vertical axis represents temperature-corrected specific flux. Figure 3 In section (b), the horizontal axis represents the examples and comparative examples, and the vertical axis represents the number of membrane chemical cleaning cycles. Figure 3 As can be seen in Figure (a), the temperature correction specific flux of each embodiment and the comparative example changes with operating time. Figure 3 Figure (b) shows the number of membrane chemical cleanings required during the operation period for each embodiment and the comparative example. Figure 3 As shown in (a), the temperature correction flux of Examples 1 to 3 decreased slowly over time and rebounded after backwashing, maintaining a relatively high level overall. The temperature correction flux of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 decreased more rapidly and remained at a relatively low level overall. Comparative Example 1 maintained a value near the baseline due to the membrane separation unit being idle. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the number of membrane chemical cleanings in Examples 1 to 3 was 1 to 3 times, significantly fewer than the 5 times in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, and 0 times in Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the demand-coupled membrane flux scheduling and membrane fouling control in step S5 of the present invention can be implemented and can mitigate membrane fouling and reduce chemical cleaning.

[0065] Steps S51 and S52 ensure that the membrane module operates smoothly at a flux not exceeding the subcritical flux during periods of low predicted water demand and pre-stores water in the reclaimed water tank. This prevents the membrane from being forced to operate at high flux during peak water demand periods, resulting in a more stable hydraulic load and a slowdown in membrane fouling. Step S53 separates the viscosity effects caused by water temperature from the effects of membrane fouling by using temperature-corrected flux, ensuring that fouling characteristics are not affected by water temperature fluctuations. Step S54 triggers backwashing based on the relative rate of decline, and Step S55 triggers chemical cleaning based on the degree of recovery. This allows for timely removal of fouling when it develops rapidly and chemical cleaning when backwashing is insufficient to restore the membrane. These measures together enable the membrane to stably produce water at a low level of fouling. In contrast, Comparative Examples 2 and 3, where the membrane flux follows instantaneous demand, lack pre-shaving and temperature-corrected predictive triggering, experience large fluctuations in the hydraulic load on the membrane surface and rapid fouling development, thus requiring more frequent chemical cleaning.

[0066] Example 4. This example examines the trade-off between water conservation and drinking water safety, using the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The water-saving rate of clean water was obtained in the same way as in Example 1. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The horizontal axis represents the water-saving rate of clean water, and the vertical axis represents the number of times the water quality at the water supply point exceeded the standard. Different point shapes correspond to the various embodiments and comparative examples. Figure 4 The results show the relative positions of each embodiment and comparative example in terms of both water-saving rate and the number of times the water quality at the water supply point exceeds the standard. Embodiments 1 to 3 are located in the region of high water-saving rate and low number of times the water quality at the water supply point exceeds the standard; Comparative Example 1 is located at zero water-saving rate and zero exceedances; Comparative Example 2 is located at high water-saving rate but high number of exceedances; and Comparative Example 3 is located at relatively low water-saving rate and low number of exceedances. Compared to Comparative Example 3, Embodiment 1 has a higher water-saving rate for clean water at similar exceedance levels, and compared to Comparative Example 2, it significantly reduces the number of exceedances at a similar water-saving rate. This indicates that the present invention achieves a better balance between water saving and drinking water safety than the decoupling scheme and the open-loop fixed blending scheme.

[0067] This invention integrates water demand prediction, reuse safety classification, safety-constrained blending, and demand-coupled membrane flux scheduling into a cohesive whole. The safety classification in step S3 constrains the upper limit of the reclaimed water blending ratio in step S4 to ensure drinking water safety. The water demand prediction in step S2 and the membrane flux pre-storage scheduling in step S5 ensure a stable supply of reclaimed water and stable water production from the membrane, thereby increasing the available reclaimed water volume and the upper limit of the blending ratio. This increases the reclaimed water reuse ratio and improves the water-saving rate of clean water without exceeding safety constraints. In contrast, Comparative Example 3, which eliminates the coupling between demand and membrane, results in a decrease in reclaimed water supply and membrane stability, leading to a lower water-saving rate. Comparative Example 2, which eliminates safety classification constraints and feedback, results in a significant increase in the number of exceedances. Neither of these two methods can simultaneously achieve both water conservation and safety.

[0068] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An integrated device for wastewater regeneration and recycling in caged broiler chickens, characterized in that, include: The wastewater collection unit, solid-liquid separation unit, equalization tank, biochemical treatment unit, membrane separation unit and disinfection unit are connected in sequence along the water flow direction. The disinfection unit includes a disinfection dosing component and a disinfection contact box. The effluent from the disinfection unit is connected to a recycled water tank. The recycled water tank is connected to the recycled water supply main pipe via the recycled water supply valve, and the clean water tank is connected to the clean water supply main pipe via the clean water replenishment valve. The recycled water supply main pipe and the clean water supply main pipe are respectively connected to the chicken house zone water supply unit. It also includes online water quality monitoring units located at the outlets of the solid-liquid separation unit, the biochemical treatment unit, the permeate side of the membrane separation unit, and the disinfection unit; a membrane operation monitoring unit located in the membrane separation unit; a liquid level monitoring unit located in the recycled water tank; an environmental and stock collection unit located in each water supply zone of the chicken house; an online water supply point monitoring unit located at the water supply point of the water supply unit in each zone of the chicken house; a backwashing unit located in the membrane separation unit; a bypass deep treatment branch with its inlet connected to the outlet of the biochemical treatment unit and its outlet connected to the inlet of the disinfection unit and connected in parallel with the membrane separation unit; a membrane permeate return valve connected between the permeate side of the membrane separation unit and the equalization tank; a disinfection effluent return valve connected between the disinfection contact tank and the equalization tank; and a control unit. The signal output terminals of the online water quality monitoring unit, membrane operation monitoring unit, liquid level monitoring unit, environmental and livestock data acquisition unit, and online water supply point monitoring unit are respectively connected to the input terminal of the control unit. The output terminal of the control unit is respectively connected to the reclaimed water supply valve, clean water supply valve, backwashing unit, bypass inlet valve, bypass outlet valve and bypass booster pump of the bypass deep treatment branch, membrane permeate return valve and disinfection outlet return valve. The control unit determines the reuse control safety level based on the water quality parameters at the disinfection unit outlet and the detection results of the online monitoring unit at the water supply point. It judges whether the membrane separation effluent meets the preconditions for entering the disinfection unit based on the water quality parameters on the membrane separation unit's permeate side. It predicts the water demand of each water supply zone based on the data collection results from the environmental and livestock collection units. Accordingly, it controls the reclaimed water supply valve and the clean water supply valve to supply water to the reclaimed water supply main pipe and the clean water supply main pipe in proportion. Based on the detection results of the membrane operation monitoring unit, it controls the backwashing unit and the bypass deep treatment branch. When the water quality exceeds the limit, it controls the membrane permeate return valve and the disinfection effluent return valve to return the excess water to the equalization tank.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane operation detection unit includes pressure sensors located on the feed water side, concentrate side, and product water side of the membrane separation unit, a flow sensor located on the product water pipeline, and a temperature sensor located on the feed water side of the membrane separation unit or inside the membrane tank. The control unit calculates the transmembrane pressure difference based on the pressure sensor's detection value, calculates the permeate flux based on the flow sensor's detection value and the membrane's effective area, and obtains the inlet water temperature based on the temperature sensor's detection value. The online water quality monitoring unit located at the disinfection unit outlet includes a turbidity sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a redox potential sensor, a conductivity sensor, and a residual chlorine sensor. The online water quality monitoring units located at the solid-liquid separation unit outlet, the biochemical treatment unit outlet, and the membrane separation unit product water side include a turbidity sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a redox potential sensor, and a conductivity sensor. The liquid level detection unit is located in the recycled water tank, the clean water tank and the disinfection contact tank. The control unit controls the pre-storage of the membrane separation unit's product water based on the liquid level in the recycled water tank.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass deep treatment branch includes a bypass inlet valve, a bypass outlet valve, a bypass booster pump, and a deep treatment assembly. The bypass inlet valve is connected to the outlet of the biochemical treatment unit, and the bypass outlet valve is connected to the inlet of the disinfection unit. The control unit opens the bypass inlet valve, the bypass outlet valve, and the bypass booster pump and reduces the inlet flow rate of the membrane separation unit when at least one of the following conditions occurs: the water quality parameters at the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit or the outlet of the biochemical treatment unit exceed the treatment load limit; the membrane fouling of the membrane separation unit has not been recovered after backwashing; or the water quality parameters on the permeate side of the membrane separation unit exceed the membrane permeate limit. This allows the effluent from the biochemical treatment unit to be treated by the deep treatment assembly and then sent to the disinfection unit. The membrane permeate return valve and the disinfection effluent return valve open when the water quality on the permeate side of the membrane separation unit and the water quality at the outlet of the disinfection contact tank exceed the limits, respectively, returning the excess water to the equalization tank.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chicken house zoned water supply unit includes zoned reclaimed water branches, zoned clean water branches, zoned mixing valve groups, and zoned flow detection units, each corresponding to a water supply zone. The zoned reclaimed water branches are connected to the reclaimed water supply main pipe, and the zoned clean water branches are connected to the clean water supply main pipe. The zoned mixing valve groups and the zoned flow detection units are respectively connected to the control unit. The control unit controls the reclaimed water mixing ratio and water supply volume of each water supply zone. The online detection unit at the water supply point includes a turbidity sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a residual chlorine sensor, an oxidation-reduction potential sensor, and a conductivity sensor. The chicken house zoned water supply unit also has a clean water flushing branch and a flushing water return branch. When the detection result of the online detection unit at the water supply point exceeds the limit, the control unit closes the zoned reclaimed water branch of the corresponding water supply zone and opens the clean water flushing branch to flush the water supply pipeline of the corresponding water supply zone with clean water. The flushing water return branch is connected to the regulating tank or the wastewater collection unit.

5. The method of using the integrated wastewater regeneration and recycling water supply device for caged broiler chickens as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, collect the indoor temperature, number of broilers and age of each water supply zone in the chicken house, collect the water quality parameters of four nodes in the multi-stage wastewater treatment process after solid-liquid separation, after biochemical treatment, after membrane treatment and after disinfection, and collect the transmembrane pressure difference, permeate flux, influent water temperature and liquid level of each water tank of the membrane module. S2, based on the number of broilers, the age, the temperature inside the shed and the duration of the control cycle, the feedforward prediction of the predicted water demand of each water supply zone in the next control cycle is obtained, and the total predicted water demand of the chicken house is obtained by summing them up. S3. Determine the reuse control safety level based on the water quality parameters after disinfection and the online water quality detection results at the water supply point. Determine whether the water separated from the membrane meets the preconditions for entering the disinfection unit based on the water quality parameters after membrane separation. Determine the front-end treatment load and process abnormality based on the water quality parameters after solid-liquid separation and the water quality parameters after biochemical treatment. S4. Determine the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio based on the reuse control safety level, and determine the reclaimed water mixing ratio by combining the available water volume of the reclaimed water tank with the total predicted water demand of the chicken house. Control the reclaimed water supply valve, the clean water supply valve and the corresponding zone mixing valve group accordingly, so that the reclaimed water and clean water enter each water supply zone of the chicken house in proportion through the reclaimed water supply header and the clean water supply header. Then, the reclaimed water mixing ratio is corrected by feedback based on the online water quality detection results of the water supply point. S5. The set operating flux of the membrane module is determined according to the reclaimed water mixing ratio, the total predicted water demand of the chicken house, the effective membrane area, and the control cycle duration. When the predicted water demand is low and the liquid level of the reclaimed water tank is lower than the pre-storage upper limit, the membrane module is operated at a flux not greater than the subcritical flux and qualified reclaimed water is pre-stored in the reclaimed water tank. Backwashing is triggered according to the rate of decrease of the membrane module temperature correction ratio flux. When the front-end treatment load exceeds the limit, the membrane fouling is not restored after backwashing, or the water quality parameters after the membrane exceed the membrane production limit, the biochemical treatment effluent is switched to the bypass deep treatment branch for deep treatment and then sent to the disinfection unit. S6, when the reuse control safety level is the prohibited reuse level, or when the online water quality detection result of the water supply point exceeds the limit, the reclaimed water supply valve and the corresponding reclaimed water branch of the water supply zone are closed and switched to clean water supply. The water supply pipeline of the corresponding water supply zone is flushed with clean water, and the excess water is returned to the front end of the wastewater multi-stage treatment process.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: S11, according to the set control cycle duration, the temperature inside the house is obtained by the environmental monitoring of each water supply zone, and the number of broilers and their age are obtained by the breeding management through input or inventory, so as to obtain the stock and environmental data of each water supply zone. S12, after solid-liquid separation, after biochemical treatment and after membrane treatment, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential and conductivity are collected. After disinfection and at the water supply point, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity and residual chlorine are collected to obtain the water quality parameters at each node. S13, calculate the transmembrane pressure difference by pressure detection on the inlet side, concentrate side and product water side of the membrane module, calculate the product water flux by flow detection of the product water pipeline and the effective membrane area, obtain the inlet water temperature by temperature detection on the inlet side of the membrane module, and obtain the liquid levels of the recycled water tank, clean water tank and disinfection contact tank by liquid level detection, to obtain membrane operation data and liquid level data.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: S21. Based on the age-daily water consumption reference table for the broiler breed, retrieve and interpolate the reference daily water consumption per bird according to the current age; S22. Collect the indoor temperature of each water supply zone and calculate the predicted water requirement of each water supply zone using the following formula: ； In the formula, For the first Predicted water demand for each water supply zone; For the first The number of broilers in each water supply zone; This refers to the daily reference water intake for a single animal; The duration of the control cycle is 24; 24 represents the number of hours in a day. This is a temperature correction factor, calculated according to... Calculate and limit to a preset lower limit With preset upper limit between; This refers to the temperature sensitivity coefficient of drinking water volume. For the first The temperature inside the water supply zone; Reference temperature for prediction; This is the lower limit of the temperature correction factor; This is the upper limit of the temperature correction coefficient; the predicted water demand for each water supply zone in the next control cycle is obtained. S23, add up the predicted water requirements of each water supply zone to obtain the total predicted water requirement of the chicken house; S24, record the historical measured drinking water volume of each water supply zone during the same period, and calculate the historical measured daily drinking water volume per chicken during the same period using the following formula: ； In the formula, This represents the historical daily water consumption per bird for the same period. This represents the actual water consumption measured during the same period in history. The number of broiler chickens in stock is the same as the historical average for the same period; 24 represents the number of hours in a day. The control cycle duration is defined as follows: the daily reference water consumption of a single bird is adjusted by rolling correction based on the deviation between the historical daily measured water consumption of a single bird and the daily reference water consumption of a single bird, and the adjusted daily reference water consumption of a single bird is used for the calculation of S22.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: S31, after disinfection and at the water supply point, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity and residual chlorine are collected; after solid-liquid separation, after biochemical treatment and after membrane treatment, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation-reduction potential and conductivity are collected. S32, for the disinfected water quality parameters and the water quality parameters of the water supply point, respectively set limit ranges corresponding to the drinking water quality requirements of livestock and poultry, so that each limit range corresponds to a discrete reuse level from the potable level to the prohibited reuse level, and the reuse level with stronger restrictions on the reuse of reclaimed water among the reuse levels corresponding to each water quality parameter is taken as the reuse control safety level. S33, compare the water quality parameters after the membrane with the membrane permeate limit. When the water quality parameters after the membrane exceed the membrane permeate limit, perform at least one of triggering reflux, triggering bypass deep treatment and reducing the reclaimed water blending ratio to make the membrane-separated effluent meet the preconditions for entering the disinfection unit or the reclaimed water tank. S34, compare the water quality parameters after solid-liquid separation and the water quality parameters after biochemical treatment with the treatment load limit. If the treatment load limit is exceeded, it is determined to be an abnormal state of the process. Then, extend the treatment time by reducing the effluent flow rate of the equalization tank, increasing the internal circulation return flow rate of the biochemical treatment unit, or extending the hydraulic retention time of the equalization tank or the biochemical treatment unit. S35. Obtain microbial safety evaluation parameters according to the set detection cycle. The microbial safety evaluation parameters include offline detection results of total coliforms and total colony count, or disinfection effectiveness indicators formed by residual chlorine, oxidation-reduction potential and disinfection contact time. Within a preset time period after the microbial safety evaluation parameters are unqualified, set the reuse control safety level to the prohibited reuse level, and restrict the reuse of reclaimed water until new qualified microbial safety evaluation parameters are obtained.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: S41, Based on the reuse control safety level, and according to the preset correspondence between the safety level and the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio, retrieve the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio; S42, when the total predicted water demand of the chicken house is greater than zero, the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio is calculated according to the following formula, and the reclaimed water mixing ratio is determined: ， ； In the formula, The upper limit can be set for the blending ratio of reclaimed water; The amount of reclaimed water available in the reclaimed water tank during the current control cycle; The total predicted water demand for the chicken house; the value 1 is the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio; The mixing ratio of reclaimed water; The upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio; min indicates taking the smaller value among the values ​​in parentheses; when the total predicted water demand of the chicken house is zero, the mixed water supply is not performed and the reclaimed water mixing ratio is set to zero; S43, determine the water supply volume for both lines using the following formula: ， ； In the formula, This refers to the water supply volume of the reclaimed water branch during the current control cycle. This refers to the water supply volume of the clear water branch during the current control cycle. The reclaimed water mixing ratio; The total predicted water demand of the chicken house is calculated; the reclaimed water supply valve, the clean water supply valve and the corresponding zone flow detection unit are controlled according to the water supply of the reclaimed water branch and the clean water branch, so that the reclaimed water and clean water enter each water supply zone of the chicken house in proportion. S44, Collect the online ammonia nitrogen detection value at the water supply point, and use the following formula to correct the blending ratio of the reclaimed water: ； In the formula, The corrected reclaimed water blending ratio; The original reclaimed water mixing ratio before correction; The gain is corrected by feedback of the mixing ratio; The online detection value of ammonia nitrogen at the water supply point; The upper limit of the ammonia nitrogen control target at the water supply point is set; max indicates taking the larger value among the values ​​in parentheses; and the corrected reclaimed water mixing ratio is limited to between zero and the upper limit of the reclaimed water mixing ratio; S45, according to the predicted water demand of each water supply zone and the reuse control safety level, the reclaimed water mixing ratio of each water supply zone is determined by the zone mixing valve group, and the water supply of each water supply zone of the chicken house is mixed and supplied separately.

10. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific steps of steps S5 and S6 include: S51, determine the required reclaimed water production for the current control cycle based on the reclaimed water mixing ratio and the total predicted water demand of the chicken house, and when using a uniform reclaimed water mixing ratio for the entire chicken house, according to... Calculations are made based on the blending ratio of zoned reclaimed water. Calculate, where, This represents the required amount of reclaimed water to be produced during the current control cycle. To ensure a uniform reclaimed water mixing ratio throughout the entire facility; The total predicted water requirement for the chicken house; For the first The reclaimed water mixing ratio in each water supply zone; For the first Predicted water demand for each water supply zone; This represents the summation of the water supply zones in the chicken house; then, the set operating flux of the membrane module is determined by the following formula: ； In the formula, (To set the operating throughput); The effective area of ​​the membrane; The control cycle duration is set to ensure that the set operating flux is not greater than the subcritical flux of the membrane module. S52, when the predicted water demand is low and the level of the recycled water tank is lower than the pre-storage upper limit, the membrane module is operated at a flux not greater than the subcritical flux and qualified reclaimed water is pre-stored in the recycled water tank. When the level of the recycled water tank reaches the pre-storage upper limit, the water production of the membrane module is reduced or stopped. S53, calculate the temperature correction specific flux of the membrane module according to the following formula: ； In the formula, (Temperature-corrected specific flux); (The permeate flux of the membrane module); The transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane module; This is the viscosity-temperature correction factor for water, which characterizes the specific flux correction factor caused by viscosity when the water temperature changes by 1°C. 20 represents the inlet water temperature of the membrane module; 20 represents the reference temperature for specific flux normalization. express of Power; S54, calculate the relative rate of decrease of the temperature correction flux within the sliding window using the following formula: ； In the formula, The relative rate of decline; (Temperature correction ratio flux at the start of the sliding window); (Temperature correction ratio flux at the end of the sliding window); The duration of the sliding window; backwashing of the membrane module is initiated when the relative descent rate is greater than a set rate threshold or the temperature correction specific flux is less than a set specific flux lower limit; S55, calculate the degree of recovery from backwashing using the following formula: ； In the formula, To the degree of recovery; (Temperature correction ratio after backwashing); (The reference temperature correction ratio after cleaning the membrane or the last chemical cleaning); when the front-end treatment load exceeds the treatment load limit, the recovery degree is lower than the set recovery threshold, or the water quality parameters after the membrane exceed the membrane permeate limit, the biochemically treated effluent is switched to the bypass deep treatment branch for deep treatment and then sent to the disinfection unit, and when the recovery degree is continuously lower than the recovery threshold after a set number of backwashes, the chemical cleaning of the membrane module is started; S61, compare the reuse control safety level with the prohibition of reuse level, and compare the online water quality detection result of the water supply point with the set limit; S62, when the reuse control safety level is the prohibited reuse level, or when the online water quality detection result of the water supply point exceeds the set limit, the reclaimed water supply valve and the corresponding reclaimed water branch of the water supply zone are closed, and the clean water supply valve and the corresponding clean water branch of the water supply zone are opened to switch the water supply zone to clean water supply. S63, open the membrane permeate return valve or the disinfection effluent return valve to return the excess water from the permeate side of the membrane separation unit or the excess water in the disinfection contact tank to the regulating tank at the front end of the multi-stage wastewater treatment process, so that the excess water re-enters the multi-stage wastewater treatment process. S64, start the clean water flushing branch to flush the water supply pipeline of the corresponding water supply zone with clean water, and return the flushing water to the regulating tank or discharge it into the wastewater collection unit through the flushing water return branch, and record and alarm the excessive events.

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