Three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oil-containing hazardous waste

Abstract

This invention relates to a three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste, specifically a treatment apparatus for oily hazardous waste. The device mainly consists of a three-phase separation reactor, a filter, a finished oil storage tank, a vacuum tank, a primary waste gas purification tank, a secondary waste gas purification tank, a tertiary waste gas purification tank, a pump, pipes, and fittings. The vacuum tank is connected to the three-phase separation reactor, the primary waste gas purification tank, the secondary waste gas purification tank, and the tertiary waste gas purification tank. This device successfully separates liquid oily hazardous waste into oil, water, and sludge phases, first recovering waste oil, then decolorizing, flocculating, and filtering the waste oil to obtain finished oil. This device significantly reduces treatment costs and significantly improves the technical and economic benefits of treating liquid oily hazardous waste; it has promotional value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a treatment apparatus for oily hazardous waste, and more specifically to a three-phase separation and oil recovery apparatus for liquid oily hazardous waste.

[0002] Many hazardous wastes are liquid oil-containing hazardous wastes, such as waste mineral oil and mineral oil-containing waste classified as HW08, and oil / water, hydrocarbon / water mixtures or emulsions classified as HW09, with oil content as high as 20-70%. Liquid oil-containing hazardous wastes are mostly deep mixtures of oil, water, and residue. Past methods such as pressing, centrifugation, filtration, high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis, and drying have not been effective in separating the oil, water, and residue phases, nor have they been effective in recovering the oil. Most organizations pay hazardous waste disposal fees to transfer the generated liquid oil-containing hazardous waste to hazardous waste recycling companies for treatment. For a long time, due to the extreme difficulty in separating the oil, water, and residue phases of liquid oil-containing hazardous waste, and the extreme difficulty in oil recovery, most hazardous waste recycling companies have only used incinerators to treat liquid oil-containing hazardous waste, without recovering the oil, resulting in poor economic efficiency. In order to improve the economic and technical level of treating liquid oily hazardous waste, recover oil, and turn waste into treasure, it is necessary to explore a three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oil-containing hazardous waste.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention: a three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste, characterized in that: the device mainly consists of a three-phase separation reactor, a filter, a finished oil storage tank, a vacuum tank, a primary waste gas purification tank, a secondary waste gas purification tank, a tertiary waste gas purification tank, a pump, pipes and fittings; the vacuum tank is connected to the three-phase separation reactor, the primary waste gas purification tank, the secondary waste gas purification tank, and the tertiary waste gas purification tank.

[0005] The aforementioned three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste comprises a double-unit reactor, consisting of a primary reactor and a secondary reactor connected together. The primary reactor includes a tank body, a heat insulation layer, an electromagnetic heating coil, a protective cover, a level gauge, an inspection port, a geared motor, a stirring shaft, a stirrer, a slag discharge port, a transfer pump inlet, a waste feed pipe, a reactor vacuum valve, an additive port, pipelines, a waste feed pump, an oil transfer pump, and an oil discharge port. The secondary reactor has the same structure as the primary reactor. The waste feed pump is connected in parallel to both tank bodies via pipelines; the additive port is connected in parallel to both tank bodies via pipelines; the vacuum tank is connected in parallel to both tank bodies via pipelines; the oil transfer pump connects the two tank bodies in series via pipelines; slag discharge ports are located at the bottom of both tank bodies; and the filters consist of a coarse filter and a fine filter.

[0006] The aforementioned three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oil-containing hazardous waste is further connected to an exhaust gas burner after the three-stage exhaust gas purification tank.

[0007] The optimized three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste is configured in a double-reactor system. One reactor performs three-phase separation of oil, sludge, and water from the liquid oily hazardous waste, while an oil transfer pump transfers the oil to the other reactor for decolorization and flocculation.

[0008] The optimized three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste is a double-stage reactor in which the three-phase separation of oil, sludge and water of liquid oily hazardous waste is carried out in one reactor. Water and sludge are discharged from the sludge discharge port, and the oil is decolorized and flocculated in the same reactor.

[0009] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Liquid oily hazardous waste enters a three-phase separation reactor and is heated. A three-phase separating agent is added and stirred. The three-phase separating agent reacts with the liquid oily hazardous waste in a physicochemical reaction, causing the oil, water, and slag clumps to break down, thus achieving three-phase separation of oil, water, and slag. After settling, the oil is located in the upper layer of the three-phase separation reactor, the slag in the middle layer, and the water in the lower layer. Water and slag are discharged from the slag outlet at the bottom of the three-phase separation reactor, and the oil in the upper layer is obtained. At this point, the oil is considered waste oil. The waste oil is then purified by retaining it in the three-phase separation reactor, heating it, adding a decolorizing flocculant, and stirring. The waste oil flocculates, decolorizing it and removing impurities. After settling, it is filtered to turn the waste oil into finished oil.

[0010] Although waste oil can be sold directly, the selling price is very low, while the selling price of refined oil is 5-10 times higher than that of waste oil. This will greatly improve the economic and technical benefits of oil recycling. In this device, the wastewater discharged from the slag discharge port at the bottom of the three-phase separation reactor is sent to a sewage treatment plant for treatment at a very low cost, generally 20 yuan / cubic meter. The waste residue is sent to a waste recycling company for treatment at a very low cost, generally 50 yuan / ton. The exhaust gas generated during the operation of the three-phase separation reactor can be directly discharged after three-stage purification. If the exhaust gas cannot be directly discharged after three-stage purification, it will be sent to an exhaust gas burner for combustion before being discharged.

[0011] Product quality analysis: The device of this invention, after more than two years of trial use, has processed over ten different types of liquid oily hazardous waste. The resulting finished oil has undergone multiple inspections by relevant departments according to current national standards, meeting crude oil standards and allowing for reuse. For example, the device processed 112 tons of liquid oily hazardous waste from a gear processing company, producing 31 tons of finished oil. The finished oil's quality, after multiple inspections by relevant departments according to current national standards, met the quality standards of the original lubricating oil used by the company, which reused it with good results. Similarly, processing 86 tons of liquid oily hazardous waste from a machinery processing company produced 34 tons of finished oil. The finished oil's quality, after multiple inspections by relevant departments according to current national standards, met the quality standards of the original lubricating oil used by the company, which reused it with good results. Furthermore, purifying 230 tons of waste oil from a hazardous waste recycling company produced 218 tons of finished oil. The finished oil's quality, after multiple inspections by relevant departments according to current national standards, met the quality standards of base oil for lubricating oil, significantly improving product quality and economic benefits. Economic benefit analysis begins from the perspective of the entities generating liquid oily hazardous waste. Liquid oily hazardous waste is strictly prohibited from discharge; illegal discharge will be severely punished. It must be treated, but due to the extreme difficulty of treatment, most companies lack the capacity to handle it themselves. Most companies must send their liquid oily hazardous waste to hazardous waste recycling companies for processing, paying a treatment fee of 2700 yuan per ton. For example, a gear processing company that generates over 1200 tons of liquid oily hazardous waste annually would have to pay over 32 million yuan in treatment fees. Next, from the perspective of hazardous waste recycling companies, most incinerate the liquid oily hazardous waste as waste fuel in incinerators, without recovering the oil. The profit from processing one ton of liquid oily hazardous waste is approximately 120 yuan. A few recycling companies invest more, adding equipment for recovering the oil from the liquid oily hazardous waste, resulting in a profit of approximately 180 yuan per ton. Finally, analyzing the processing device incorporating this invention, the processing unit charges only 850 yuan / ton for processing one ton of liquid oily hazardous waste, significantly reducing the wastewater discharger's expenses from 2700 yuan / ton to 850 yuan / ton. The processing unit first extracts the oil from the liquid oily hazardous waste into waste oil, then processes the waste oil into finished oil, which is then sold. During the processing, the unit also needs to pay 20 yuan / ton for wastewater discharge and 50 yuan / ton for waste residue discharge. On average, 250 kg of finished oil can be recovered from processing one ton of liquid oily hazardous waste. The average cost for processing one ton of liquid oily hazardous waste is 2180 yuan. Assuming the finished oil is priced at 8000 yuan / ton, the profit from processing one ton of liquid oily hazardous waste is approximately 670 yuan. This effectively turns liquid oily hazardous waste into valuable resources through efficient oil recovery.

[0012] This invention relates to a three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste. A single set of equipment can process 4,000 tons of liquid oily hazardous waste annually, with a total investment of 1.2 million yuan. The plant occupies 120 square meters and requires only two operators. Based on 300 working days per year, it can process 4,000 tons of liquid oily hazardous waste, directly generating 3.4 million yuan in processing fees. Processing 4,000 tons of liquid oily hazardous waste yields 1,000 tons of refined oil, with a market value of 8 million yuan. Theoretically, the total revenue can reach 11.4 million yuan, total expenditure 8.72 million yuan, and total profit 2.68 million yuan.

[0013] The three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste of the present invention mainly involves additives such as a three-phase separator and a decolorizing flocculant during use. The three-phase separator is mainly composed of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, thiourea dioxide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, deionized water, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, sodium citrate, and edible vinegar. The decolorizing flocculant is mainly composed of diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, zeolite, sulfur, and activated alumina.

[0014] The present invention relates to a three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste. The three-phase separation process is as follows: oily hazardous waste → waste inlet → waste feed pump → reactor → reactor heating → addition of three-phase separating agent → stirring → settling → three-phase separation of oil, water, and slag in the oily hazardous waste is achieved → water discharge → slag discharge → oil retention in the reactor; the decolorization and flocculation process is as follows: oil in the reactor is heated → decolorization flocculant is added → stirring → settling; the oil filtration path is: reactor → oil outlet → coarse filter → fine filter → finished oil storage tank; the waste gas treatment path is: reactor → vacuum tank → primary waste gas purification tank → secondary waste gas purification tank → tertiary waste gas purification tank, and a waste gas burner can be connected after the tertiary waste gas purification tank; the water treatment path is: water is treated by a wastewater treatment unit according to conventional technology; the slag treatment path is: slag is treated by a waste residue treatment unit according to conventional technology.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste successfully separates the oil, water, and slag phases of liquid oily hazardous waste. First, waste oil is recovered, then decolorized, flocculated, and filtered to obtain finished oil. This device greatly simplifies the processing equipment for recovering oil from liquid oily hazardous waste, significantly reduces processing costs, and significantly improves the technical and economic benefits of treating liquid oily hazardous waste. A set of equipment with an annual processing capacity of 4,000 tons requires a total investment of 1.2 million yuan. On average, processing one ton of liquid oily hazardous waste can generate revenue of 2,850 yuan and a profit of 670 yuan. It has promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-unit reactor in this invention; The diagram shows the following components: Reactor No. 1 (1), Tank body (1a), Insulation layer (1b), Electromagnetic heating coil (1c), Protective cover (1d), Liquid level gauge (1e), Inspection hole (1f), Gear motor (1g), Stirring shaft (1h), Stirrer (1i), Slag discharge port (1j), Transfer pump inlet (1k), Waste feed pipe (1l), Reactor vacuum valve (1m), Additive port (1n), Pipeline (1o), Waste feed pump (1p), Oil transfer pump (1q), Oil discharge port (1r), Reactor No. 2 (2), Vacuum tank (3), Coarse filter (4), Fine filter (5), Finished oil storage tank (6), Exhaust gas burner (7), Three-stage exhaust gas purification tank (8), Two-stage exhaust gas purification tank (9), and One-stage exhaust gas purification tank (10). Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples. Example 1

[0018] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 A three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oil-containing hazardous waste is disclosed. The device mainly consists of a three-phase separation reactor, a filter, a finished oil storage tank 6, a vacuum tank 3, a primary waste gas purification tank 10, a secondary waste gas purification tank 9, a tertiary waste gas purification tank 8, a pump, pipes and fittings. The vacuum tank 3 is connected to the three-phase separation reactor, the primary waste gas purification tank 10, the secondary waste gas purification tank 9, and the tertiary waste gas purification tank 8. Example 2

[0019] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 A three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oil-containing hazardous waste is disclosed. The device mainly consists of a three-phase separation reactor, a filter, a finished oil storage tank 6, a vacuum tank 3, a primary waste gas purification tank 10, a secondary waste gas purification tank 9, a tertiary waste gas purification tank 8, a pump, pipes and fittings. The vacuum tank 3 is connected to the three-phase separation reactor, the primary waste gas purification tank 10, the secondary waste gas purification tank 9, and the tertiary waste gas purification tank 8. The three-phase separation reactor is a double-unit reactor, consisting of reactor 1 and reactor 2 connected together. Reactor 1 is equipped with a tank body 1a, a heat insulation layer 1b, an electromagnetic heating coil 1c, a protective cover 1d, a level gauge 1e, an inspection hole 1f, a geared motor 1g, a stirring shaft 1h, a stirrer 1i, a slag discharge port 1j, a transfer pump inlet 1k, a waste feed pipe 1l, a reactor vacuum valve 1m, an additive port 1n, a pipeline 1o, a waste feed pump 1p, an oil transfer pump 1q, and an oil discharge port 1r. Reactor 2 has the same structure as reactor 1. Waste feed pump 1k is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Additive port 1n is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Vacuum tank 3 is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Oil transfer pump 1q connects the two tanks in series via a pipeline. Slag discharge ports 1j are provided at the bottom of both tanks. The filter consists of a coarse filter 4 and a fine filter 5. Example 3

[0020] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 A three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oil-containing hazardous waste is disclosed. The device mainly consists of a three-phase separation reactor, a filter, a finished oil storage tank 6, a vacuum tank 3, a primary waste gas purification tank 10, a secondary waste gas purification tank 9, a tertiary waste gas purification tank 8, a pump, pipes, and fittings. The vacuum tank 3 is connected to the three-phase separation reactor, the primary waste gas purification tank 10, the secondary waste gas purification tank 9, and the tertiary waste gas purification tank 8. An exhaust gas burner 7 is also connected after the tertiary waste gas purification tank 8. Example 4

[0021] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 A three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oil-containing hazardous waste is disclosed. The device mainly consists of a three-phase separation reactor, a filter, a finished oil storage tank 6, a vacuum tank 3, a primary waste gas purification tank 10, a secondary waste gas purification tank 9, a tertiary waste gas purification tank 8, a pump, pipes and fittings. The vacuum tank 3 is connected to the three-phase separation reactor, the primary waste gas purification tank 10, the secondary waste gas purification tank 9, and the tertiary waste gas purification tank 8. The three-phase separation reactor is a double-unit reactor, consisting of reactor 1 and reactor 2 connected together. Reactor 1 is equipped with a tank body 1a, a heat insulation layer 1b, an electromagnetic heating coil 1c, a protective cover 1d, a level gauge 1e, an inspection hole 1f, a geared motor 1g, a stirring shaft 1h, a stirrer 1i, a slag discharge port 1j, a transfer pump inlet 1k, a waste feed pipe 1l, a reactor vacuum valve 1m, an additive port 1n, a pipeline 1o, a waste feed pump 1p, an oil transfer pump 1q, and an oil discharge port 1r. Reactor 2 has the same structure as reactor 1. Waste feed pump 1k is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Additive port 1n is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Vacuum tank 3 is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Oil transfer pump 1q connects the two tanks in series via a pipeline. Slag discharge ports 1j are provided at the bottom of both tanks. The filter consists of a coarse filter 4 and a fine filter 5. An exhaust gas burner 7 is connected after the exhaust gas three-stage purification tank 8. Example 5

[0022] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2A three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oil-containing hazardous waste is disclosed. The device mainly consists of a three-phase separation reactor, a filter, a finished oil storage tank 6, a vacuum tank 3, a primary waste gas purification tank 10, a secondary waste gas purification tank 9, a tertiary waste gas purification tank 8, a pump, pipes and fittings. The vacuum tank 3 is connected to the three-phase separation reactor, the primary waste gas purification tank 10, the secondary waste gas purification tank 9, and the tertiary waste gas purification tank 8. The three-phase separation reactor is a double-unit reactor, consisting of reactor 1 and reactor 2 connected together. Reactor 1 is equipped with a tank body 1a, a heat insulation layer 1b, an electromagnetic heating coil 1c, a protective cover 1d, a level gauge 1e, an inspection hole 1f, a geared motor 1g, a stirring shaft 1h, a stirrer 1i, a slag discharge port 1j, a transfer pump inlet 1k, a waste feed pipe 1l, a reactor vacuum valve 1m, an additive port 1n, a pipeline 1o, a waste feed pump 1p, an oil transfer pump 1q, and an oil discharge port 1r. Reactor 2 has the same structure as reactor 1. Waste feed pump 1k is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Additive port 1n is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Vacuum tank 3 is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Oil transfer pump 1q connects the two tanks in series via a pipeline. Slag discharge ports 1j are provided at the bottom of both tanks. The filter consists of a coarse filter 4 and a fine filter 5. In the dual-stage reactor, one reactor performs three-phase separation of oil, sludge, and water from liquid oily hazardous waste, while oil transfer pump 1q transfers the oil to the other reactor for decolorization and flocculation. Example 6

[0023] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2A three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oil-containing hazardous waste is disclosed. The device mainly consists of a three-phase separation reactor, a filter, a finished oil storage tank 6, a vacuum tank 3, a primary waste gas purification tank 10, a secondary waste gas purification tank 9, a tertiary waste gas purification tank 8, a pump, pipes and fittings. The vacuum tank 3 is connected to the three-phase separation reactor, the primary waste gas purification tank 10, the secondary waste gas purification tank 9, and the tertiary waste gas purification tank 8. The three-phase separation reactor is a double-unit reactor, consisting of reactor 1 and reactor 2 connected together. Reactor 1 is equipped with a tank body 1a, a heat insulation layer 1b, an electromagnetic heating coil 1c, a protective cover 1d, a level gauge 1e, an inspection hole 1f, a geared motor 1g, a stirring shaft 1h, a stirrer 1i, a slag discharge port 1j, a transfer pump inlet 1k, a waste feed pipe 1l, a reactor vacuum valve 1m, an additive port 1n, a pipeline 1o, a waste feed pump 1p, an oil transfer pump 1q, and an oil discharge port 1r. Reactor 2 has the same structure as reactor 1. Waste feed pump 1k is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Additive port 1n is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Vacuum tank 3 is connected in parallel to the two tanks via a pipeline. Oil transfer pump 1q connects the two tanks in series via a pipeline. Slag discharge ports 1j are provided at the bottom of both tanks. The filter consists of a coarse filter 4 and a fine filter 5. In a double-stage reactor, three-phase separation of oil, sludge, and water in liquid oily hazardous waste is carried out in one reactor. Water and sludge are discharged from the sludge discharge port 1j, and oil decolorization and flocculation are carried out in the same reactor.

Claims

1. A three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste, characterized in that: The device mainly consists of a three-phase separation reactor, a filter, a finished oil storage tank (6), a vacuum tank (3), a primary waste gas purification tank (10), a secondary waste gas purification tank (9), a tertiary waste gas purification tank (8), a pump, pipes and fittings; the vacuum tank (3) is connected to the three-phase separation reactor, the primary waste gas purification tank (10), the secondary waste gas purification tank (9), and the tertiary waste gas purification tank (8).

2. The three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase separation reactor is a double-unit reactor, which consists of a first reactor (1) and a second reactor (2) connected together. The first reactor (1) is equipped with a tank body (1a), a heat insulation layer (1b), an electromagnetic heating coil (1c), a protective cover (1d), a level gauge (1e), an inspection hole (1f), a geared motor (1g), a stirring shaft (1h), a stirrer (1i), a slag discharge port (1j), a transfer pump inlet (1k), a waste feed pipe (1l), a reactor vacuum valve (1m), and an additive port (1n). The reactor consists of a pipeline (1o), a waste feed pump (1p), an oil transfer pump (1q), and an oil drain (1r); the structure of the second reactor (2) is the same as that of the first reactor (1); the waste feed pump (1k) is connected in parallel to the two tanks through a pipeline; the additive port (1n) is connected in parallel to the two tanks through a pipeline; the vacuum tank (3) is connected in parallel to the two tanks through a pipeline; the oil transfer pump (1q) connects the two tanks in series through a pipeline; a slag drain (1j) is provided at the bottom of each of the two tanks; the filter consists of a coarse filter (4) and a fine filter (5).

3. The three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An exhaust gas burner (7) is connected after the exhaust gas three-stage purification tank (8).

4. The three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the dual-stage reactor, one reactor performs three-phase separation of oil, sludge, and water from liquid oily hazardous waste, while the oil transfer pump (1q) transfers the oil to the other reactor for decolorization and flocculation.

5. The three-phase separation and oil recovery device for liquid oily hazardous waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: In a double-stage reactor, three-phase separation of oil, slag, and water in liquid oily hazardous waste is carried out in one reactor. Water and slag are discharged from the slag discharge port (1j), and oil decolorization and flocculation are carried out in the same reactor.

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