A pretreatment device and method for separating and treating manure in livestock and poultry farms

Abstract

This invention provides a pretreatment device for separating and treating manure in livestock and poultry sheds, comprising a support frame, a support assembly, an inlet mechanism, a V-shaped material distribution and guiding mechanism, a strip conveying assembly, a multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism, a liquid guiding and collecting mechanism, a solid strip guiding mechanism, and a solid discharge and arch-breaking mechanism. The pretreatment device and method for separating and treating manure in livestock and poultry sheds described in this invention solve the problems of insufficient front-end separation of manure and urine, high liquid treatment load, easy adhesion and accumulation of solid manure, and easy bridging and blockage at the discharge end, which are often caused by the reliance of related pretreatment equipment on fixed screens, ordinary guide channels, or single scraping structures for passive separation of manure and urine mixtures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of livestock and poultry manure treatment equipment, and in particular relates to a pretreatment device and method for diverting manure and urine from livestock and poultry sheds. Background Technology

[0002] Livestock and poultry farms continuously generate mixed waste such as manure, urine, flushing water, and small amounts of feed residue, bedding, and hair during large-scale farming. If this waste is not collected and pre-treated in a timely manner at the front end of the farm, it can easily lead to damp floors, increased ammonia concentration, odor diffusion, and the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms. It also increases the burden on subsequent wastewater treatment, fermentation, and transfer systems. Therefore, before the waste enters the centralized treatment system, it is usually necessary to perform preliminary diversion and volume reduction treatment at the wastewater discharge end, the end of the manure ditch, or the end of the manure scraping and conveying system.

[0003] In related technologies, the treatment of manure in livestock and poultry farms typically employs methods such as manual cleaning, scraper pushing, slatted floor discharge, manure collection in manure ditches, water flushing, sieve filtration, or post-concentration solid-liquid separation. While these methods can transfer manure from the farm or achieve a certain degree of solid-liquid separation, under continuous feeding conditions, feces and urine are often already mixed, leading to a concentration of manure in the central part of the treatment area. Fine manure residue is also easily carried into the liquid, resulting in a high solids content in the separated liquid and a high water content in the solid manure. Because the pretreatment equipment for livestock and poultry farm manure in related technologies often relies on fixed screens, ordinary guide troughs, or a single scraper conveyor structure for passive separation of the manure-urine mixture, it is difficult to simultaneously address manure dispersion, material conveying, pressure-controlled drainage, centralized liquid collection, and solid manure discharge clogging during continuous feeding. This results in insufficient front-end manure and urine diversion, a high liquid treatment load, easy adhesion and accumulation of solid manure, and bridging and clogging problems at the discharge end. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the related technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A pretreatment device for manure and urine diversion in livestock and poultry breeding sheds includes a support frame, a support component, an inlet mechanism, a V-shaped material distribution and guiding mechanism, a strip conveying component, a multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism, a liquid diversion and collection mechanism, a solid strip guiding mechanism, and a solid discharge and arch breaking mechanism.

[0007] The bearing assembly is mounted on the bearing frame. The bearing assembly has an inlet side and an outlet side. The inlet mechanism is mounted on the inlet side of the bearing assembly. The V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism is mounted on the outlet side of the inlet mechanism. The bearing assembly is used to disperse the fecal-urine mixture introduced by the inlet mechanism into the width direction of the bearing assembly.

[0008] The strip conveying assembly is disposed on the bearing assembly. The strip conveying assembly extends from the feed side to the discharge side of the bearing assembly. Multiple strip conveying assemblies are arranged along the width direction of the bearing assembly, and a leakage area is formed between two adjacent strip conveying assemblies.

[0009] The multi-stage floating pressure mechanism is disposed above the strip conveying assembly and arranged along the conveying direction of the strip conveying assembly. The multi-stage floating pressure mechanism is used to float and pressure the fecal-urine mixture supported by the strip conveying assembly.

[0010] The liquid diversion and collection mechanism is located below the bearing component, and the liquid diversion and collection mechanism corresponds vertically to the leakage area, and is used to collect the liquid discharged through the leakage area.

[0011] The solid slitting and guiding mechanism is disposed on the discharge side of the bearing component. The solid slitting and guiding mechanism includes multiple strip-shaped diversion blocks, and a slitting and guiding interval is formed between two adjacent strip-shaped diversion blocks. The slitting and guiding interval is used to separate and guide the solid material conveyed to the discharge side by the strip-shaped conveying component.

[0012] The solid discharge arch-breaking mechanism is located on the discharge side of the solid slitting guide mechanism. The arch-breaking end of the solid discharge arch-breaking mechanism corresponds to the slitting guide interval and is used to break the arches of the solid material output through the slitting guide interval.

[0013] Furthermore, the load-bearing frame includes a fixed bracket, a base rod, and a support assembly. Two base rods are symmetrically arranged front and rear. The support assembly is provided on the upper end face of each base rod. The fixed bracket is provided on the upper end face of the two support assemblies.

[0014] The support assembly includes support rods and crossbeams. The support rods are arranged between the crossbeams and the bottom rods. The upper part of the support rods is connected to the crossbeams, and the bottom of the support rods is connected to the bottom rods. The bottom of the fixed bracket is connected to the crossbeams of the two support assemblies.

[0015] Furthermore, the supporting component includes a supporting plate and a vertical baffle, the vertical baffle being disposed on both sides of the supporting plate, and the outer end face of the vertical baffle being connected to the crossbeam of the supporting component;

[0016] The strip conveying assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the bearing plate, and the inlet mechanism, V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism, multi-stage floating pressure mechanism, solid strip guiding mechanism and solid discharge arch breaking mechanism are arranged sequentially from the material inlet side to the material outlet side of the bearing plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes an inlet receiving hopper and an inclined guide chute. The inlet receiving hopper is disposed on one side of the fixed support, and the inclined guide chute is disposed at the bottom of the inlet receiving hopper. The outlet of the inclined guide chute corresponds to the feeding side of the bearing plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism includes a first fixed plate, an insert rod, and a V-shaped guide assembly. The first fixed plate is connected to the side supports on both sides of the fixed bracket, the insert rod is disposed on the first fixed plate, and the V-shaped guide assembly is connected to the bottom of the insert rod.

[0019] The V-shaped guide assembly includes a V-shaped guide plate and a reinforcing plate. The V-shaped guide plate has a dispensing tip facing the outlet of the inlet mechanism, and a first guide surface and a second guide surface extending to both sides from the dispensing tip. The reinforcing plate is disposed on the inner side of the V-shaped guide plate.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a limiting and stopping component, which is disposed between the V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism and the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism;

[0021] The limiting and stopping assembly includes a second fixed plate, a height limiting baffle, and a connecting assembly. The height limiting baffle is disposed on the lower end face of the second fixed plate, and a height limiting gap is formed between the height limiting baffle and the bearing plate. Both sides of the second fixed plate are connected to the side bracket through the connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a first fixing bolt, a first fixing nut, and a strip hole. The strip hole is disposed on the side bracket. The first fixing bolt passes through the second fixed plate and the strip hole and is connected to the first fixing nut.

[0022] Furthermore, the liquid guiding and collecting mechanism includes a liquid collecting tank and a guiding assembly. The liquid collecting tank is disposed below the support plate, and the guiding assembly is arranged on the support plate and corresponds vertically to the liquid collecting tank.

[0023] The flow guiding component is disposed between two adjacent strip conveying components. The flow guiding component includes multiple strip-shaped leakage ports, which are used to connect the space above the support plate with the liquid collection tank. The liquid collection tank is provided with a liquid outlet.

[0024] Furthermore, the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism includes multiple sets of floating pressure holding components, which are arranged above the strip conveying component;

[0025] Each set of floating pressure components includes a transverse pressure roller and a floating fixing component. The floating fixing component is disposed on both sides of the transverse pressure roller and connected to the vertical baffle.

[0026] The transverse pressing roller includes a roller body and a rotating rod. The roller body is rotatably mounted on the rotating rod. The floating fixing assembly includes a floating slide, a vertical guide rod, a floating spring, and a second fixing bolt. The floating slide is connected and fixed to the vertical baffle through the second fixing bolt. The vertical guide rod is mounted on the floating slide. The end of the rotating rod slides in cooperation with the vertical guide rod. The floating spring is sleeved on the outside of the vertical guide rod and presses against the end of the rotating rod.

[0027] Furthermore, the solid discharge arch-breaking mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a drive unit, and a ratchet assembly. The rotating shaft passes through two vertical baffles and is rotatably engaged with the two vertical baffles. The drive unit is located at the end of the rotating shaft and is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The ratchet assembly is arranged on the rotating shaft.

[0028] The ratchet assembly includes multiple arch-breaking teeth, which are arranged circumferentially along the rotating shaft, and the arch-breaking teeth correspond to the slitting and guiding intervals of the solid slitting guiding mechanism.

[0029] The carrier frame is equipped with a discharge plate, which is located on the discharge side of the carrier assembly and corresponds to the discharge direction of the solid discharge arch-breaking mechanism.

[0030] A method for pre-treatment of livestock and poultry manure diversion, using the aforementioned livestock and poultry manure diversion pre-treatment device, includes the following steps:

[0031] The mixture of manure, urine, and flushing water generated in the livestock and poultry breeding shed is introduced into the introducing mechanism, so that the mixture enters the feeding side of the bearing component through the introducing mechanism;

[0032] The V-shaped material distribution and guiding mechanism disperses the fecal-urine mixture output by the inlet mechanism in the width direction, so that the concentrated fecal-urine mixture is guided into the width range of the strip conveying assembly.

[0033] Start the strip conveyor assembly so that the strip conveyor assembly supports the fecal-urine mixture and conveys it along the feed side to the discharge side of the carrying assembly;

[0034] During the movement of the fecal-urine mixture along the strip conveyor assembly, the multi-stage floating pressure mechanism applies multi-stage floating pressure to the fecal-urine mixture on the strip conveyor assembly, causing the urine and flushing water in the fecal-urine mixture to be discharged downward through the leakage area between two adjacent strip conveyor assemblies, while keeping the solid material on the strip conveyor assembly and continuing to move towards the discharge side.

[0035] The liquid diversion and collection mechanism collects the liquid flowing down through the leakage area and discharges the liquid outwards.

[0036] The solid material conveyed to the discharge side is slit and guided by the solid slitting and guiding mechanism, so that the solid material enters the working area of ​​the solid discharge arch breaking mechanism through the slitting and guiding interval between two adjacent strip-shaped diverting blocks.

[0037] The solid material discharge and arch-breaking mechanism breaks up and pushes the solid material after it has been slitting and guided, so that the solid material is discharged from the discharge side.

[0038] Compared with existing technologies, the livestock and poultry manure diversion and pretreatment device and method described in this invention have the following advantages:

[0039] 1. A continuous front-end fecal-urine diversion and treatment chain is formed by an inlet mechanism, a V-shaped material distribution and guiding mechanism, strip conveying components, a multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism, and a liquid diversion and collection mechanism. After the fecal-urine mixture enters through the inlet mechanism, it is first dispersed in the width direction by the V-shaped material distribution and guiding mechanism, and then supported by multiple strip conveying components and conveyed to the discharge side, avoiding long-term material concentration in the central area. The multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism continuously presses the material during the conveying process, allowing urine and flushing water to enter the liquid collection tank through the leakage area between adjacent strip conveying components and the strip leakage outlets, while solid materials continue to move forward on the strip conveying components. This structure allows the conveying, pressure holding, and leakage processes to be completed continuously in the same treatment path, which helps to reduce the amount of solids entrained in the liquid and reduce the load on subsequent liquid treatment.

[0040] 2. The continuous discharge capacity of solid materials on the discharge side is improved through the cooperation of the limiting and blocking assembly, the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism, the solid slitting and guiding mechanism, and the solid discharge and arch-breaking mechanism. The limiting and blocking assembly can coarsely limit excessively tall manure clumps before the material enters the pressure holding area. The multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism adapts to materials of different thicknesses and dry / wet states through horizontally floating pressure rollers, and the rubber sleeve can form flexible contact during pressure, reducing hard impact. The solid slitting and guiding mechanism divides the continuous sheet-like or lumpy solid material arriving at the discharge side into smaller strips or blocks, making it easier for the material to enter the arch-breaking area. The solid discharge and arch-breaking mechanism uses a rotating shaft to drive the arch-breaking teeth to move and break the arches of the slitting solid material, which can reduce blockage caused by semi-dry manure bridging at the discharge end. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pretreatment device for separating manure and urine in livestock and poultry farms, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the V-shaped material distribution and guiding mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting and stopping assembly described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the floating pressure holding mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the floating fixing component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the solid material discharge and arch-breaking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0050] 110. Support frame; 111. Base rod; 112. Support rod; 113. Crossbeam; 120. Fixed bracket; 200. Feeding mechanism; 210. Inlet receiving hopper; 220. Inclined guide chute; 300. V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism; 310. First fixed plate; 320. Insert rod; 330. V-shaped guide assembly; 340. Reinforcing plate; 400. Limiting and stopping assembly; 410. Second fixed plate; 420. Height limiting baffle; 430. Connecting assembly; 500. Multi-stage floating pressing mechanism; 510, transverse pressing roller; 520, floating fixing assembly; 521, floating slide; 522, floating spring; 523, rubber sleeve; 600, solid slitting guide mechanism; 700, solid discharge and arch breaking mechanism; 710, rotating shaft; 720, ratchet assembly; 730, drive unit; 810, bearing assembly; 811, bearing plate; 812, vertical baffle; 820, liquid guiding and collecting mechanism; 821, liquid collection tank; 830, discharge plate. Detailed Implementation

[0051] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0055] This embodiment provides a pretreatment device for manure and urine diversion in livestock and poultry sheds, including a support frame 110, a support component 810, an inlet mechanism 200, a V-shaped material distribution and guiding mechanism 300, a strip conveying component, a multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism 500, a liquid guiding and collecting mechanism 820, a solid strip guiding mechanism 600, and a solid discharge and arch-breaking mechanism 700. The support component 810 is mounted on the support frame 110 and forms a support base for the manure and urine mixture to move from the inlet side to the outlet side. The inlet mechanism 200 is located on the inlet side of the support component 810 and is used to inlet the manure and urine mixture formed by manure, urine, and flushing water generated in the livestock and poultry shed into the support component 810. The V-shaped material distribution and guiding mechanism 300 is located on the outlet side of the inlet mechanism 200 and is used to disperse the manure and urine mixture output from the inlet mechanism 200 and concentrated into the width direction of the support component 810, so that the manure and urine mixture can enter the subsequent conveying area more evenly.

[0056] The support frame 110 includes a fixed bracket 120, a base rod 111, and support components. Two base rods 111 are symmetrically arranged front and rear, and a support component is provided on the upper end face of each base rod 111. The fixed bracket 120 is located on the upper end face of the two support components, so that the fixed bracket 120 can form a stable support with the base rod 111 through the support components. The support components include support rods 112 and crossbeams 113. The support rods 112 are arranged between the crossbeams 113 and the base rods 111. The upper part of the support rods 112 is connected to the crossbeams 113, and the bottom part of the support rods 112 is connected to the base rods 111. The bottom of the fixed bracket 120 is connected to the crossbeams 113 of the two support components, so that the load-bearing component 810 and the processing structure above it can be supported by the crossbeams 113.

[0057] The carrying assembly 810 includes a carrying plate 811 and vertical baffles 812. The vertical baffles 812 are disposed on both sides of the carrying plate 811. The outer end face of the vertical baffles 812 is connected to the crossbeam 113 of the support assembly, so that the carrying plate 811 can be located between the two vertical baffles 812 and form a carrying area for the strip conveying assembly. The strip conveying assembly is arranged on the upper end face of the carrying plate 811. The inlet mechanism 200, the V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism 300, the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism 500, the solid strip guiding mechanism 600, and the solid discharge arch breaking mechanism 700 are arranged sequentially from the inlet side to the outlet side of the carrying plate 811, so that the fecal and urine mixture can sequentially pass through the inlet, distribution, conveying and pressure holding, solid strip breaking and arch breaking discharge processes above the carrying plate 811.

[0058] The feeding mechanism 200 includes an inlet receiving hopper 210 and an inclined guide chute 220. The inlet receiving hopper 210 is located on one side of the fixed support 120 and is used to receive a mixture of manure and urine from the sewage channel of the livestock shed, the end of the manure ditch, or the front conveying structure. The inclined guide chute 220 is located at the bottom of the inlet receiving hopper 210, and its outlet corresponds to the inlet side of the support plate 811. After the manure and urine mixture enters the inlet receiving hopper 210, it can move along the inclined guide chute 220 towards the inlet side of the support plate 811, avoiding the material from falling directly and disorderly onto the support plate 811 and causing local accumulation.

[0059] The V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism 300 includes a first fixed plate 310, an insert rod 320, and a V-shaped guide assembly 330. The first fixed plate 310 is connected to the side supports on both sides of the fixed bracket 120. The insert rod 320 is disposed on the first fixed plate 310. The V-shaped guide assembly 330 is connected to the bottom of the insert rod 320, so that the V-shaped guide assembly 330 can be suspended on the outlet side of the inclined guide chute 220 and correspond to the input area of ​​the strip conveying assembly. The V-shaped guide assembly 330 includes a V-shaped guide plate and a reinforcing plate 340. The V-shaped guide plate has a material distribution tip facing the outlet of the inlet mechanism 200, and a first guide surface and a second guide surface extending to both sides from the material distribution tip. The reinforcing plate 340 is disposed on the inner side of the V-shaped guide plate to improve the support strength of the V-shaped guide plate. After the fecal-urine mixture is output from the inclined guide chute 220, it first contacts the distribution tip, and then disperses along the first guide surface and the second guide surface to both sides of the bearing component 810 in the width direction, thereby reducing the situation where the fecal-urine mixture concentrates into the middle of the strip conveying component and causes excessive load in the middle.

[0060] A strip conveyor assembly is mounted on the support assembly 810 and extends along the feed side to the discharge side of the support assembly 810. Multiple strip conveyor assemblies are arranged along the width of the support assembly 810, and a leakage area is formed between two adjacent strip conveyor assemblies. Specifically, the strip conveyor assembly can adopt a strip conveyor belt structure. The strip conveyor belt forms an upward support section above the support plate 811 for supporting the fecal-urine mixture and moving along the feed side to the discharge side. The driving, tensioning, and return of the strip conveyor belt can be achieved using an existing conveyor belt drive structure. When arranging the strip conveyor assembly, the leakage area between adjacent strip conveyor assemblies is avoided, so that the strip conveyor assembly can both support solid feces to be transported to the discharge side and not block urine and flushing water from being discharged downward through the leakage area.

[0061] This embodiment also includes a limiting and stopping component 400, which is disposed between the V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism 300 and the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism 500, and is used to coarsely limit the high-level material before it enters the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism 500. The limiting and stopping component 400 includes a second fixed plate 410, a height limiting baffle 420, and a connecting component 430. The height limiting baffle 420 is disposed on the lower end face of the second fixed plate 410, and a height limiting gap is formed between the height limiting baffle 420 and the bearing plate 811. Both sides of the second fixed plate 410 are connected to the side brackets through the connecting component 430, so that the height limiting baffle 420 can maintain a preset height relative to the bearing plate 811. The connecting assembly 430 includes a first fixing bolt, a first fixing nut, and a slotted hole. The slotted hole is located on the side bracket. The first fixing bolt passes through the second fixing plate 410 and the slotted hole and is connected to the first fixing nut. Thus, the installation height of the second fixing plate 410 and the height limiting baffle 420 can be adjusted through the slotted hole to accommodate the passage requirements of materials of different thicknesses.

[0062] The multi-stage floating pressure mechanism 500 includes multiple sets of floating pressure components, which are arranged above the strip conveyor components and spaced apart along the conveying direction of the strip conveyor components, so that the fecal-urine mixture can be subjected to multi-stage pressure in sequence during the conveying process. Each set of floating pressure components includes a transverse pressure roller 510 and a floating fixing component 520. The floating fixing component 520 is located on both sides of the transverse pressure roller 510 and connected to the vertical baffle 812, so that the transverse pressure roller 510 can span across multiple strip conveyor components and press the material on the strip conveyor components. The transverse pressure roller 510 includes a roller body and a rotating rod. The roller body is rotatably mounted on the rotating rod, and a rubber sleeve 523 is sleeved on the outer side of the roller body. The rubber sleeve 523 is used to contact the fecal-urine mixture and form a flexible pressure surface, thereby reducing the hard impact of the roller body on the strip conveyor components and the material.

[0063] The floating fixing assembly 520 includes a floating slide 521, a vertical guide rod, a floating spring 522, and a second fixing bolt. The floating slide 521 is connected and fixed to the vertical baffle 812 by the second fixing bolt. The vertical guide rod is set on the floating slide 521, and the end of the rotating rod slides in cooperation with the vertical guide rod, allowing the rotating rod to float up and down along the vertical guide rod. The floating spring 522 is sleeved on the outside of the vertical guide rod and presses against the end of the rotating rod, applying elastic pressure towards the strip conveying assembly. The rotating rod drives the roller and the rubber sleeve 523 to float and hold the fecal-urine mixture on the strip conveying assembly. When a dry, hard fecal block or a thicker fecal clump passes under the transverse holding roller 510, the rotating rod can move upward along the vertical guide rod to create clearance. After the fecal clump passes, the floating spring 522 pushes the rotating rod back to its original position, allowing the transverse holding roller 510 to continue holding the subsequent material.

[0064] The liquid diversion and collection mechanism 820 includes a liquid collection tank 821 and diversion components. The liquid collection tank 821 is located below the support plate 811, and the diversion components are arranged on the support plate 811, corresponding vertically to the liquid collection tank 821. The diversion components are located between two adjacent strip conveying components and include multiple strip-shaped leakage outlets. These outlets connect the space above the support plate 811 with the liquid collection tank 821, which has an outlet. When the fecal-urine mixture moves on the strip conveying components and is held by the multi-stage floating pressure mechanism 500, the urine and flushing water can flow downwards into the liquid collection tank 821 through the leakage area between adjacent strip conveying components and the strip-shaped leakage outlets of the diversion components, and then be discharged from the outlet.

[0065] The solid slitting and guiding mechanism 600 is located on the discharge side of the bearing assembly 810 and downstream of the multi-stage floating pressure mechanism 500. It is used to slit and guide the solid material conveyed to the discharge side by the strip conveying assembly. The solid slitting and guiding mechanism 600 includes multiple strip-shaped diverting blocks, which are arranged along the width direction of the bearing assembly 810. A slitting and guiding interval is formed between two adjacent strip-shaped diverting blocks. The slitting and guiding interval is used to separate the continuous sheet-like or lumpy solid material into smaller strip-shaped or block-shaped materials on the discharge side, and guide the separated solid material to the working area of ​​the solid discharge and arch-breaking mechanism 700.

[0066] The solid material discharge and bridging mechanism 700 includes a rotating shaft 710, a drive unit 730, and a ratchet assembly 720. The rotating shaft 710 passes through two vertical baffles 812 and rotatably engages with them. The drive unit 730 is located at the end of the rotating shaft 710 and is used to drive the rotating shaft 710 to rotate. The ratchet assembly 720 is arranged on the rotating shaft 710. The ratchet assembly 720 includes multiple bridging teeth, which are arranged circumferentially along the rotating shaft 710. The bridging teeth correspond to the slitting and guiding intervals of the solid material slitting and guiding mechanism 600, so that when the rotating shaft 710 rotates, the bridging teeth can act on the solid material output through the slitting and guiding intervals and break the overlaps and bridging formed by the solid material on the discharge side. The support frame 110 is provided with a discharge plate 830, which is located on the discharge side of the support assembly 810 and corresponds to the discharge direction of the solid discharge arch breaking mechanism 700, so that the solid material after arch breaking can be discharged along the discharge plate 830.

[0067] The working method of this embodiment

[0068] Step 1: Arrange the device at the end of the manure ditch, the end of the manure scraping and conveying system, or other sewage discharge point in the livestock and poultry breeding shed, so that the inlet receiving hopper 210 corresponds to the incoming direction of the manure and urine mixture, and the discharge plate 830 faces the solid material collection position, and the liquid collection tank 821 is connected to the subsequent liquid collection or treatment structure.

[0069] Step 2: Based on the size of the fecal clumps and the thickness of the material in the fecal-urine mixture to be treated, adjust the installation height of the second fixed plate 410 and the height limiting baffle 420 through the connecting component 430 so that a height limiting gap suitable for material passage is formed between the height limiting baffle 420 and the bearing plate 811. The height limiting baffle 420 is used to coarsely limit excessively tall fecal clumps before the material enters the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism 500.

[0070] Step 3: Start the strip conveyor assembly, so that multiple strip conveyor assemblies run along the feed side to discharge side of the bearing assembly 810, and start the solid discharge arch breaking mechanism 700, so that the drive unit 730 drives the rotating shaft 710 and the ratchet assembly 720 to rotate, providing the operating conditions for subsequent solid material arch breaking and discharge.

[0071] Step 4: The mixture of manure, urine and flushing water generated in the livestock and poultry breeding house is introduced into the inlet receiving hopper 210. The mixture of manure and urine enters the inclined guide chute 220 from the inlet receiving hopper 210 and moves along the inclined guide chute 220 toward the feeding side of the bearing plate 811.

[0072] Step 5: After the fecal and urine mixture is output from the inclined guide chute 220, it comes into contact with the distribution tip of the V-shaped guide component 330. The concentrated fecal and urine mixture is dispersed on both sides of the width direction of the bearing component 810 along the first and second guide surfaces of the V-shaped guide plate, so that the material falls into the conveying area formed by multiple strip conveying components.

[0073] Step 6: The strip conveyor assembly supports the fecal-urine mixture and conveys it to the discharge side. When the material passes through the limiting baffle assembly 400, the height limiting baffle 420 blocks and organizes the excessively tall fecal clumps, reducing the height difference of the material entering the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism 500.

[0074] Step 7: The fecal-urine mixture passes under multiple sets of transverse pressure rollers 510 in sequence with the strip conveyor assembly. Under the action of the floating spring 522, the transverse pressure rollers 510 flexibly press the material through the rubber sleeve 523. Under the pressure, the urine and flushing water in the material enter the liquid collection tank 821 through the leakage area between adjacent strip conveyor assemblies and the strip leakage port. The solid material remains on the strip conveyor assembly and continues to move towards the discharge side.

[0075] Step 8: When a dry, hard manure block or a thick manure clump passes under the transverse holding roller 510, the manure clump pushes upward against the rubber sleeve 523 and the roller body, causing the end of the rotating rod to move upward along the vertical guide rod and compress the floating spring 522, thus allowing the transverse holding roller 510 to give way. After the manure clump passes, the floating spring 522 pushes the rotating rod to reset, allowing the transverse holding roller 510 to resume its holding state on subsequent materials.

[0076] Step 9: The liquid collection tank 821 receives the urine and flushing water discharged from the strip-shaped drain outlet and discharges the liquid outward through the outlet. After the solid material arrives at the discharge side of the bearing component 810 with the strip conveyor assembly, it is separated into smaller strip or block materials by the slitting guide interval of the solid slitting guide mechanism 600.

[0077] Step 10: The solid material output through the slitting guide interval enters the working area of ​​the solid discharge and arch breaking mechanism 700. The rotating shaft 710 drives the ratchet assembly 720 to rotate. The arch breaking teeth move and break the arches of the solid material, reducing the bridging and blockage of the solid material on the discharge side. The arch-broken solid material is discharged along the discharge plate 830.

[0078] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for separating and treating manure in livestock and poultry farms, characterized in that: It includes a support frame (110), a support assembly (810), an inlet mechanism (200), a V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism (300), a strip conveyor assembly, a multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism (500), a liquid guiding and collecting mechanism (820), a solid strip guiding mechanism (600), and a solid discharge arch breaking mechanism (700); The bearing assembly (810) is disposed on the bearing frame (110). The bearing assembly (810) has an inlet side and an outlet side. The inlet mechanism (200) is disposed on the inlet side of the bearing assembly (810). The V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism (300) is disposed on the outlet side of the inlet mechanism (200) and is used to disperse the fecal-urine mixture introduced by the inlet mechanism (200) in the width direction of the bearing assembly (810). The strip conveying assembly is disposed on the bearing assembly (810). The strip conveying assembly extends from the feed side to the discharge side of the bearing assembly (810). Multiple strip conveying assemblies are arranged along the width direction of the bearing assembly (810), and a leakage area is formed between two adjacent strip conveying assemblies. The multi-stage floating pressure mechanism (500) is disposed above the strip conveying assembly and arranged along the conveying direction of the strip conveying assembly. The multi-stage floating pressure mechanism (500) is used to float and pressure the fecal-urine mixture supported by the strip conveying assembly. The liquid diversion and collection mechanism (820) is disposed below the bearing component (810), and the liquid diversion and collection mechanism (820) corresponds vertically to the leakage area and is used to collect the liquid discharged through the leakage area. The solid slitting guide mechanism (600) is disposed on the discharge side of the bearing component (810). The solid slitting guide mechanism (600) includes a plurality of strip-shaped diverting blocks. A slitting guide interval is formed between two adjacent strip-shaped diverting blocks. The slitting guide interval is used to separate and guide the solid material conveyed to the discharge side by the strip-shaped conveying component. The solid discharge arch-breaking mechanism (700) is disposed on the discharge side of the solid slitting guide mechanism (600). The arch-breaking end of the solid discharge arch-breaking mechanism (700) corresponds to the slitting guide interval and is used to break the arch and discharge the solid material output through the slitting guide interval.

2. The livestock and poultry manure diversion and pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (110) includes a fixed bracket (120), a base rod (111) and a support assembly. Two base rods (111) are symmetrically arranged front and back. The support assembly is provided on the upper end face of each base rod (111). The fixed bracket (120) is provided on the upper end face of the two support assemblies. The support assembly includes a support rod (112) and a crossbeam (113). The support rod (112) is arranged between the crossbeam (113) and the bottom rod (111). The upper part of the support rod (112) is connected to the crossbeam (113), and the bottom of the support rod (112) is connected to the bottom rod (111). The bottom of the fixed bracket (120) is connected to the crossbeams (113) of the two support assemblies.

3. The livestock and poultry manure diversion and pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting component (810) includes a supporting plate (811) and a vertical baffle (812). The vertical baffle (812) is disposed on both sides of the supporting plate (811), and the outer end face of the vertical baffle (812) is connected to the crossbeam (113) of the supporting component. The upward support section of the strip conveying assembly is arranged above the bearing plate (811). The inlet mechanism (200), the V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism (300), the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism (500), the solid strip guiding mechanism (600), and the solid discharge arch breaking mechanism (700) are arranged sequentially from the material inlet side to the material outlet side of the bearing plate (811).

4. The livestock and poultry manure diversion and pretreatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (200) includes an inlet receiving hopper (210) and an inclined guide chute (220). The inlet receiving hopper (210) is located on one side of the fixed support (120), and the inclined guide chute (220) is located at the bottom of the inlet receiving hopper (210). The outlet of the inclined guide chute (220) corresponds to the feeding side of the bearing plate (811).

5. The livestock and poultry manure diversion and pretreatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism (300) includes a first fixed plate (310), a rod (320), and a V-shaped guide assembly (330). The first fixed plate (310) is connected to the side supports on both sides of the fixed bracket (120). The rod (320) is disposed on the first fixed plate (310). The V-shaped guide assembly (330) is connected to the bottom of the rod (320). The V-shaped guide assembly (330) includes a V-shaped guide plate and a reinforcing plate (340). The V-shaped guide plate has a dispensing tip facing the outlet of the inlet mechanism (200), and a first guide surface and a second guide surface extending to both sides from the dispensing tip. The reinforcing plate (340) is disposed on the inner side of the V-shaped guide plate.

6. The livestock and poultry manure diversion and pretreatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting and stopping assembly (400), which is disposed between the V-shaped material distribution guide mechanism (300) and the multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism (500); The limiting and stopping assembly (400) includes a second fixing plate (410), a height limiting baffle (420), and a connecting assembly (430). The height limiting baffle (420) is disposed on the lower end face of the second fixing plate (410). A height limiting gap is formed between the height limiting baffle (420) and the bearing plate (811). Both sides of the second fixing plate (410) are connected to the side bracket through the connecting assembly (430). The connecting assembly (430) includes a first fixing bolt, a first fixing nut, and a strip hole. The strip hole is disposed on the side bracket. The first fixing bolt passes through the second fixing plate (410) and the strip hole and is connected to the first fixing nut.

7. The livestock and poultry manure diversion and pretreatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid guiding and collecting mechanism (820) includes a liquid collecting tank (821) and a guiding component. The liquid collecting tank (821) is located below the support plate (811), and the guiding component is arranged on the support plate (811) and corresponds vertically to the liquid collecting tank (821). The flow guiding component is disposed between two adjacent strip conveying components. The flow guiding component includes multiple strip leakage ports. The strip leakage ports are used to connect the space above the support plate (811) with the liquid collection tank (821). The liquid collection tank (821) is provided with a liquid outlet.

8. A pretreatment device for separating manure and urine in livestock and poultry sheds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-stage floating pressure holding mechanism (500) includes multiple sets of floating pressure holding components, which are arranged above the strip conveying component; Each set of floating holding components includes a transverse holding roller (510) and a floating fixing component (520). The floating fixing component (520) is disposed on both sides of the transverse holding roller (510) and connected to the vertical baffle (812). The transverse pressing roller (510) includes a roller body and a rotating rod. The roller body is rotatably mounted on the rotating rod. The floating fixing assembly (520) includes a floating slide (521), a vertical guide rod, a floating spring (522), and a second fixing bolt. The floating slide (521) is connected and fixed to the vertical baffle (812) by the second fixing bolt. The vertical guide rod is mounted on the floating slide (521). The end of the rotating rod slides in cooperation with the vertical guide rod. The floating spring (522) is sleeved on the outside of the vertical guide rod and presses against the end of the rotating rod.

9. A pretreatment device for separating manure and urine in livestock and poultry sheds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solid discharge arch-breaking mechanism (700) includes a rotating shaft (710), a drive unit (730), and a ratchet assembly (720). The rotating shaft (710) passes through two vertical baffles (812) and is rotatably engaged with the two vertical baffles (812). The drive unit (730) is disposed at the end of the rotating shaft (710) and is used to drive the rotating shaft (710) to rotate. The ratchet assembly (720) is arranged on the rotating shaft (710). The ratchet assembly (720) includes a plurality of anti-arch teeth, which are arranged circumferentially along the rotating shaft (710). The anti-arch teeth correspond to the slitting and guiding interval of the solid slitting guide mechanism (600). The support frame (110) is provided with a discharge plate (830), which is located on the discharge side of the support assembly (810) and corresponds to the discharge direction of the solid discharge arch breaking mechanism (700).

10. A method for pretreatment of manure and urine separation in livestock and poultry breeding sheds, characterized in that: The livestock and poultry manure diversion pretreatment device according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: The mixture of manure, urine and flushing water generated in the livestock and poultry breeding house is introduced into the introducing mechanism (200) so that the mixture enters the feeding side of the bearing component (810) through the introducing mechanism (200); The V-shaped material distribution and guiding mechanism (300) disperses the fecal and urine mixture output by the inlet mechanism (200) in the width direction, so that the concentrated fecal and urine mixture is guided into the width range of the strip conveying assembly; Start the strip conveyor assembly so that the strip conveyor assembly supports the fecal-urine mixture and conveys it along the feed side to the discharge side of the carrying assembly (810); During the movement of the fecal-urine mixture along the strip conveyor assembly, the multi-stage floating pressure mechanism (500) applies multi-stage floating pressure to the fecal-urine mixture on the strip conveyor assembly, causing the urine and flushing water in the fecal-urine mixture to be discharged downward through the leakage area between two adjacent strip conveyor assemblies, and allowing the solid material to remain on the strip conveyor assembly and continue to move towards the discharge side; The liquid diversion and collection mechanism (820) receives the liquid discharged through the leakage area and discharges the liquid outward. The solid material conveyed to the discharge side is slit and guided by the solid slitting and guiding mechanism (600), so that the solid material enters the working area of ​​the solid discharge arch breaking mechanism (700) through the slitting and guiding interval between two adjacent strip diverting blocks. The solid material discharge arch-breaking mechanism (700) breaks up and pushes the solid material after it has been slitting and guided, so that the solid material is discharged from the discharge side.

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