Photovoltaic coated glass and its preparation methods and applications, photovoltaic modules

Abstract

This invention discloses a photovoltaic coated glass, its preparation method, applications, and photovoltaic modules, belonging to the field of photovoltaic coated glass technology. The photovoltaic coated glass prepared by combining double-layer coating, curing, and tempering processes has a double-layer film structure. While maintaining high transmittance, it also achieves excellent weather resistance, including resistance to salt spray, ultraviolet aging, damp heat, and sea wave washing. Furthermore, it maintains good mechanical properties and high structural stability, making it adaptable to marine environments. Its application in photovoltaic modules is beneficial for promoting offshore photovoltaic power generation technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic coated glass technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic coated glass, its preparation method and application, and photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is showing a new trend of moving from land to near-shore and then to the open sea. Floating photovoltaic power generation has been proven to be used in various scenarios such as lakes and reservoirs, with high reliability. Offshore photovoltaic power generation technology is also making continuous breakthroughs and has broad commercial prospects.

[0003] However, compared to conventional land, the sea has higher salt spray concentrations, greater wind speeds, higher ultraviolet radiation, and higher humidity, posing many challenges to the application of photovoltaic modules at sea.

[0004] As the encapsulation material for photovoltaic modules, marine photovoltaic glass should possess the following physical and chemical properties: (1) Resistance to neutral salt spray: Resistance to neutral salt spray is the ability of photovoltaic glass to resist corrosion damage in a corrosive environment. It is one of the core indicators for evaluating the resistance of photovoltaic glass to atmospheric corrosion (especially marine or high salt spray environments). Its essence is the ability of photovoltaic glass to hinder chloride ion penetration and inhibit electrochemical corrosion reactions through its own composition design, surface treatment or coating protection. In practice, under the specified salt spray test conditions, the light transmittance of the glass does not decrease by more than 1%, and the film layer does not show defects such as peeling, flaking, or wrinkling; (2) Resistance to ultraviolet aging: Ultraviolet rays have strong energy. Long-term exposure will cause the glass surface structure, light transmittance and module encapsulation layer to age, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency and reliability of photovoltaic modules. The principle is that the silicon-oxygen bonds (Si-O) of the glass body and AR antireflective film may break under ultraviolet high-energy irradiation, resulting in the formation of micropores or "powdered layer" on the surface, which reduces the light transmittance of the glass and damages the coating layer; (3) Moisture and heat resistance: The moisture and heat resistance of photovoltaic glass directly affects the long-term power generation efficiency and service life of photovoltaic modules in high temperature and high humidity environments. Moisture and heat environments will accelerate the aging of the interface between the glass and other materials of the module, and even cause the glass itself to deteriorate. The high temperature and high humidity environment at sea requires the glass to have good moisture and heat resistance; (4) Washing resistance: Marine photovoltaics face the superposition of seawater scouring, salt spray corrosion, and biological adhesion, and the cleaning frequency is higher and the environment is more severe, so the requirements for washing resistance are more stringent.

[0005] Marine photovoltaic glass is exposed to extreme and complex marine environments such as high salt spray, high humidity, strong ultraviolet radiation, and wind and wave impact for a long time. Its physical and chemical performance requirements are far higher than those of terrestrial photovoltaic glass. It must simultaneously meet core requirements such as corrosion resistance, weather resistance, structural stability, and high light transmittance. Targeted research and development is needed in the glass coating process to meet the requirements of the marine environment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic coated glass, its preparation method and application, and a photovoltaic module, thereby solving the technical problems that photovoltaic coated glass has insufficient corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, making it difficult to apply to marine environments.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing photovoltaic coated glass, comprising the following steps: S10. Apply the primer coating liquid to the surface of the glass substrate and cure it to form a primer coating layer, wherein the primer coating layer comprises solid silicon dioxide. S20. Disperse the nucleating agent in an organic solvent, adjust the pH to acidic, add tetraethyl orthosilicate, react to obtain a colloidal solution, and collect by centrifugation to obtain composite silica with a core-shell structure. S30. Disperse the core-shell structured composite silica in an alcohol solution to obtain a surface coating solution; S40. After the top coating liquid is applied to the surface of the bottom coating layer away from the glass substrate, a physical tempering process is performed to form a top coating layer containing hollow silicon dioxide, thereby obtaining a photovoltaic coated glass containing the bottom coating layer and the top coating layer.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the average particle size of the solid silica is 20 nm to 40 nm; And / or, the thickness of the base coating layer is 60nm~120nm; And / or, the refractive index of the undercoat layer is 1.40~1.45.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nucleating agent comprises polymethyl methacrylate.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the physical tempering temperature is 300°C to 800°C; And / or, the physical tempering time is 90s~110s.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the average particle size of the hollow silica particles is 60 nm to 130 nm; And / or, the thickness of the surface coating layer is 80nm~140nm; And / or, the refractive index of the surface coating layer is 1.25~1.30.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the surface coating solution further includes at least one of a silane coupling agent and a weather-resistant modifier.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the silane coupling agent includes at least one of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the weather-resistant modifier includes at least one of methyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, or heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane.

[0014] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic coated glass, which is prepared by the photovoltaic coated glass preparation method described above.

[0015] The present invention also provides an application of the photovoltaic coated glass described above in a marine environment.

[0016] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising the photovoltaic coated glass as described above.

[0017] The beneficial effects that this invention can achieve are: This invention involves coating a glass substrate with a base coat solution to form a solid silica base coat layer, which acts as a dense physical barrier. This effectively blocks moisture and corrosive ions, inhibits the precipitation of glass components, and significantly improves the long-term stability and weather resistance of the glass substrate. Simultaneously, a top coat solution is prepared using a core-shell structured composite silica, which, combined with a tempering process, forms a top coat layer containing hollow silica. This not only gives the photovoltaic coated glass the high strength advantage imparted by tempering, but the formed hollow silica also reduces light reflection, resulting in a low refractive index and excellent optical anti-reflection effect.

[0018] This invention combines processes such as double-layer coating, curing, and tempering to prepare photovoltaic coated glass with a double-layer film structure. It achieves excellent weather resistance, including resistance to salt spray, ultraviolet aging, damp heat, and sea wave washing, while maintaining good mechanical properties and high structural stability. It can adapt to the marine environment and be applied to photovoltaic modules, which is conducive to the promotion of offshore photovoltaic power generation technology. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 The images show a comparison of the microstructures of photovoltaic coated glass in an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention.

[0021] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0025] This invention provides a method for preparing photovoltaic coated glass, comprising the following steps: S10. Apply the primer coating liquid to the surface of the glass substrate and cure it to form a primer coating layer, the primer coating layer including solid silicon dioxide. S20. Disperse the nucleating agent in an organic solvent, adjust the pH to acidic, add tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), react to obtain a colloidal solution, and collect it by centrifugation to obtain a composite silica with a core-shell structure. S30. Disperse the core-shell structured composite silica in an alcohol solution to obtain a surface coating solution; S40. After applying the top coating liquid to the surface of the base coating layer away from the glass substrate, perform physical tempering treatment to form a top coating layer containing hollow silicon dioxide, thereby obtaining photovoltaic coated glass containing a base coating layer and a top coating layer.

[0026] Definitions: Hollow silica: After silica is generated on the surface of the nucleating agent to obtain composite silica, the nucleating agent in the composite silica is decomposed and removed to form silica particles with a hollow internal structure.

[0027] Solid silica: Solid silica refers to silica particles that do not have the hollow structure as opposed to the hollow silica prepared in this invention.

[0028] In step S10, a base coating layer with solid silica is formed on the glass substrate as a dense physical barrier, which can effectively block water vapor and corrosive ions, inhibit the precipitation of glass components, and significantly improve the long-term stability and weather resistance of the substrate. In addition, the anti-reflection effect can be achieved by adjusting the thickness and refractive index of the base coating layer, thereby improving the transmittance of photovoltaic coated glass. When applied to photovoltaic modules, it can improve the utilization rate of light by photovoltaic modules and improve photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0029] In some embodiments, the base coating layer is prepared by the sol-gel method. The sol-gel method has the advantages of relatively simple process and low cost. At the same time, it can achieve excellent optical performance, flexible refractive index control and good film uniformity of photovoltaic coated glass, and can balance product performance, cost and process feasibility.

[0030] In some embodiments, applying a primer coating solution to the surface of a glass substrate and curing it to form a primer coating layer includes: adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, pure water and a first catalyst to an alcohol solution, performing a hydrolysis-condensation reaction to obtain a reaction solution, aging the reaction solution to obtain a primer coating solution, applying the primer coating solution to the surface of a glass substrate, and curing it to obtain a primer coating layer.

[0031] The above hydrolysis-condensation reaction mainly involves the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate in an alcohol solution to generate orthosilicic acid and ethanol. Orthosilicic acid bonds are formed between each other or between orthosilicic acid and incompletely hydrolyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate through dehydration or de-alcoholization reactions, and gradually expand into a three-dimensional network structure. Finally, a dense, continuous and chemically stable solid silica film is constructed on the glass substrate, which enhances the bonding strength with the glass substrate and becomes an effective barrier that can significantly block external moisture and corrosive ions from erosion, and provides a stable and reliable substrate for subsequent topcoat coatings.

[0032] The reaction mechanism of hydrolysis-condensation reaction is as follows: (a) Hydrolysis: (C2H5O)3Si-OC2H5+H2O Si(OH)4+C2H5OH, (b) Condensation polymerization: Si(OH)4+Si(OH)4→Si(OH)3-O-Si(OH)3+H2O, (c)Si(OH)4+(C2H5O)3Si-OC2H5→Si(OH)3-O-Si(C2H5O)3+ C2H5OH, (d)n(Si-O-Si)→(-Si-O-Si-)n, n is greater than 0, Overall reaction: Si (C2H5O)4 + 2H2O → SiO2 + 4C2H5OH.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first catalyst comprises an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, an aqueous solution of nitric acid, or an aqueous solution of acetic acid.

[0034] In some embodiments, the concentration of the first catalyst is 1 mol / L.

[0035] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate, pure water, alcohol solution, and the first catalyst is 1:(4~6):(4~12):(0.06~0.3), or it can be 1:4.5:4:0.06.

[0036] In some embodiments, the temperature of the hydrolysis-condensation reaction is 25°C to 30°C.

[0037] In some embodiments, the aging temperature of the reaction solution is 25°C to 30°C, and the aging time is 16h to 18h.

[0038] In some embodiments, the curing temperature is 180℃~220℃ and the curing time is 10s~15s.

[0039] In some embodiments, the method of coating the primer coating liquid onto the surface of the glass substrate includes roller coating, coating method, etc. The thickness of the primer coating layer can be controlled by adjusting the coating process to adjust the light transmittance of the film layer, so that the photovoltaic coated glass can improve its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance while obtaining sufficient light transmittance, thereby enabling the photovoltaic coated glass to be used in high humidity and high corrosion marine environments.

[0040] In some embodiments, the average particle size of the solid silica in the primer coating layer is 20nm~40nm, and different thicknesses are coated to adjust the refractive index, thereby achieving an anti-reflection effect.

[0041] In some embodiments, the thickness of the undercoat layer is 60nm~120nm, and more specifically 100nm~120nm. The refractive index of the undercoat layer is 1.40~1.45, which helps to enhance the protection of the glass substrate while synergistically improving the overall anti-reflection effect and long-term weather resistance of the glass with the topcoat layer.

[0042] In steps S20 to S40, a composite silica with a core-shell structure is prepared. Then, in combination with the glass tempering process, the nucleating agent in the composite silica is decomposed to form a surface coating layer with hollow silica. This allows the coated glass to not only obtain the high strength advantage imparted by tempering, but also the hollow silica spheres formed can reduce light reflection, giving the coated glass the advantage of low refractive index and achieving excellent optical anti-reflection effect.

[0043] By combining steps S10 to S40, the photovoltaic coated glass with a double-layer film structure prepared by the present invention through the combination of double-layer coating, curing, and tempering processes has achieved excellent weather resistance properties such as salt spray resistance, UV aging resistance, damp heat resistance, and wave washing resistance, while maintaining good mechanical properties and high structural stability. It can adapt to the marine environment and be applied to photovoltaic modules, which is conducive to the promotion of marine photovoltaic power generation technology.

[0044] In some embodiments, the nucleating agent includes polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). PMMA is not only easily encapsulated by silica to form a core-shell structured composite silica, but also easily decomposes into carbon dioxide and water vapor at high temperatures during the subsequent physical tempering of the glass, thus obtaining silica spheres with a hollow structure.

[0045] In some embodiments, the organic solvent in step S20 includes at least one of ethanol and isopropanol.

[0046] In some embodiments, step S20 adjusts the pH to acidic, where the acidic pH is 2.5 to 3.0.

[0047] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of nucleating agent, organic solvent, and tetraethyl orthosilicate in step S20 is 1:(0.1~0.3):(8~12), or it can be 1:0.2:10.

[0048] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature for obtaining the colloidal solution in step S20 is 25°C to 30°C, and the reaction time is 16h to 18h.

[0049] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the core-shell composite silica to the alcohol solution in step S30 is 1:10~12.

[0050] In some embodiments, the method of applying the top coating liquid to the surface of the base coating layer away from the glass substrate includes roller coating, coating method, etc. The thickness of the base coating layer can be controlled by adjusting the coating process to adjust the light transmittance of the film layer, so that the photovoltaic coated glass can improve its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance while obtaining sufficient light transmittance, thereby enabling the photovoltaic coated glass to be used in high humidity and high corrosion marine environments.

[0051] In some embodiments, the physical tempering temperature is 300℃~800℃, and the physical tempering time is 90s~110s.

[0052] In some embodiments, the average particle size of hollow silica is 60 nm to 130 nm.

[0053] In some embodiments, the thickness of the topcoat layer is 80nm~140nm, more specifically 120nm~140nm, and the emissivity is 1.25~1.30.

[0054] In some embodiments, the thickness of the base coating layer is 60nm~120nm, and the refractive index of the base coating layer is 1.40~1.45. The thickness of the top coating layer is 80nm~140nm, and the refractive index of the top coating layer is 1.25~1.30. In this embodiment, by adjusting the thickness of the two films, the base coating layer and the top coating layer work together to enable the photovoltaic coated glass to achieve excellent weather resistance such as salt spray resistance, UV aging resistance, and damp heat resistance while maintaining high transmittance. Moreover, it can maintain good mechanical properties, high structural stability, and has the advantage of being washable, making it suitable for marine environments and used as marine photovoltaic glass.

[0055] In some embodiments, the topcoat coating solution in step S30 further includes at least one of a silane coupling agent and a weather-resistant modifier. The addition of the silane coupling agent improves the dispersion stability of hollow silica in the topcoat coating solution, while the weather-resistant modifier can dope and modify the system, thereby enhancing the hydrophobic and oleophobic effects of the final film layer and effectively improving the overall weather resistance of the film layer.

[0056] In some embodiments, the silane coupling agent includes at least one of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), 3-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), and 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS).

[0057] In some embodiments, the weathering modifier includes at least one of methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), or heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane (PFDTMS), which can significantly enhance the hydrophobic, oleophobic, and chemically inert properties of the final film, thereby effectively improving the overall weather resistance of the film.

[0058] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of silane coupling agent in the topcoat solution is 2% to 4%, and the mass percentage of weather-resistant modifier is 4% to 6%.

[0059] The photovoltaic coated glass of this invention achieves excellent weather resistance, including resistance to salt spray, ultraviolet aging, damp heat, and sea wave washing, while ensuring high transmittance. It also maintains good mechanical properties and high structural stability, making it adaptable to marine environments. Therefore, this invention further provides a photovoltaic module using photovoltaic coated glass as a barrier, which effectively blocks water vapor and corrosive ions from the sea, inhibits the precipitation of glass components, and significantly extends the service life of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the photovoltaic coated glass has sufficient light transmittance to provide ample light for the photovoltaic module.

[0060] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0061] Example 1 The photovoltaic coated glass of Example 1 was prepared as follows: S10. Tetraethyl orthosilicate, pure water, and an aqueous solution of acetic acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L (the first catalyst) are added to isopropanol. The mixture undergoes a hydrolysis-condensation reaction at 25°C to obtain a reaction solution. The reaction solution is then aged to obtain a base coating solution. The base coating solution is applied to the surface of a glass substrate and cured at 180°C for 10 seconds to obtain a base coating layer. The base coating layer contains solid silica with an average particle size of 20 nm. The molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate, pure water, isopropanol, and the first catalyst is 1:4.5:4:0.06. The aging temperature is 25°C, and the aging time is 16 hours.

[0062] S20. The nucleating agent PMMA was dispersed in the organic solvent isopropanol. After adjusting the pH to 2.5-3.0 with acetic acid, tetraethyl orthosilicate was added. The reaction yielded a colloidal solution, which was collected by centrifugation to obtain a composite silica with a core-shell structure. The molar ratio of nucleating agent, organic solvent, and tetraethyl orthosilicate was 1:0.2:10. The reaction temperature was 25℃, and the reaction time was 18 h. S30. The core-shell composite silica is dispersed in the alcohol solution isopropanol to obtain the surface coating solution. The mass ratio of the core-shell composite silica to the alcohol solution is 1:10.

[0063] S40. After applying the top coating liquid to the surface of the base coating layer away from the glass substrate, perform physical tempering treatment at 300°C for 100s to form a top coating layer containing hollow silicon dioxide, thereby obtaining photovoltaic coated glass with a base coating layer and a top coating layer.

[0064] Example 1: Nine sets of photovoltaic coated glasses with different thicknesses of base coating and top coating were obtained by roller coating process. The performance of the nine sets of photovoltaic coated glasses was then measured, including film refraction, light transmittance gain value ΔT, pencil hardness (Mitsubishi pencil), film adhesion, surface stress (MPa), and four-point bending strength (MPa), as shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1 Performance parameters of the 9 groups of photovoltaic coated glasses in Example 1

[0066] As shown in Table 1, by controlling the thickness of the top coating layer to be 80nm~140nm and the thickness of the bottom coating layer to be 60nm~120nm, the photovoltaic coated glass obtained in Embodiment 1 of the present invention has achieved good light transmittance gain and ensured good mechanical properties.

[0067] Furthermore, groups 6 and 8 control the thickness of the base coating layer to be 100nm~120nm and the thickness of the top coating layer to be 120nm~140nm, which can further synergistically optimize the transmittance gain and mechanical properties of photovoltaic coated glass. The transmittance gain is above 2.30, the pencil hardness can reach above 4H, the film adhesion is level 0, the surface stress reaches above 83Mpa, and the four-point bending strength is above 150Mpa.

[0068] Example 2 Example 2 prepared two sets of photovoltaic coated glass according to the method of Example 1. The difference was that the thickness of the top coating layer of the two sets of photovoltaic coated glass was controlled to be 120nm, and the thickness of the bottom coating layer was changed to 55nm and 90nm respectively.

[0069] The differences in weather resistance before and after coating of two groups of photovoltaic coated glass were tested, as well as the changes in light transmittance after the weather resistance test. The weather resistance test items were: PCT 96h, high temperature and high humidity resistance DH3000, hydrochloric acid resistance (24h×3), neutral salt spray resistance (96h×3), and wet freezing resistance (HF30).

[0070] The results are shown in Table 2.

[0071] Table 2 Performance parameters of the two groups of photovoltaic coated glasses in Example 2

[0072] As can be seen from Example 2, when the thickness of the top coating layer is kept constant, and the thickness of the bottom coating layer is increased from 55nm to 90nm, the change in the light transmittance of the photovoltaic coated glass is not significant, but the weather resistance is improved. It can be seen that the weather resistance of the photovoltaic coated glass can be improved by adjusting the thickness of the bottom coating layer.

[0073] Example 3 Example 3: Photovoltaic coated glass was prepared by the nine groups in Example 1. The difference was that some groups added weather-resistant modifiers to the coating solution and tested the change in transmittance of the photovoltaic coated glass after weather resistance test. The test results and the types and amounts of weather-resistant modifiers added are shown in Table 3.

[0074] Table 3

[0075] Table 3 shows that methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) achieve essentially the same effect. MTMS has a lower cost, so increasing its dosage is worth considering. Furthermore, the weather resistance can be further improved when used in combination with heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane (PFDTMS).

[0076] Example 4 In Example 4, six groups of photovoltaic coated glasses were prepared according to the method of Example 1, except for the thickness of the top coating layer and the bottom coating layer of the photovoltaic coated glass. The transmittance gain value ΔT of the photovoltaic coated glass before and after coating was tested, and the transmittance change of the photovoltaic coated glass after weather resistance test was also tested. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0077] Table 4

[0078] Example 5 Example 5: Five groups of photovoltaic coated glasses were prepared according to the method of Example 1, except for the thickness of the top coating layer and the bottom coating layer of the photovoltaic coated glass. The transmittance gain value ΔT of the photovoltaic coated glass before and after coating was tested, and the transmittance change of the photovoltaic coated glass after weather resistance test was tested. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0079] Table 5

[0080] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 prepared photovoltaic coated glass according to the third group of Example 5, but the difference is that Comparative Example 1 did not prepare a base coating layer.

[0081] The photovoltaic coated glass layers in Comparative Example 1 and Group 3 of Example 5 were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results are shown in [Figure Number]. Figure 1 , Figure 1 The left image is the SEM image of Comparative Example 1, and the right image is the SEM image of Group 3 in Example 5.

[0082] observe Figure 1It can be seen that the membrane layer of Comparative Example 1 has open pores, while the membrane layer of the embodiment has a dense structure, which can significantly improve weather resistance.

[0083] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing photovoltaic coated glass, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. Apply the primer coating liquid to the surface of the glass substrate and cure it to form a primer coating layer, wherein the primer coating layer comprises solid silicon dioxide. S20. Disperse the nucleating agent in an organic solvent, adjust the pH to acidic, add tetraethyl orthosilicate, react to obtain a colloidal solution, and collect by centrifugation to obtain composite silica with a core-shell structure. S30. Disperse the core-shell structured composite silica in an alcohol solution to obtain a surface coating solution; S40. After the top coating liquid is applied to the surface of the bottom coating layer away from the glass substrate, a physical tempering process is performed to form a top coating layer containing hollow silicon dioxide, thereby obtaining a photovoltaic coated glass containing the bottom coating layer and the top coating layer.

2. The method for preparing photovoltaic coated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid silica has an average particle size of 20 nm to 40 nm. And / or, the thickness of the base coating layer is 60nm~120nm; And / or, the refractive index of the undercoat layer is 1.40~1.

45.

3. The method for preparing photovoltaic coated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nucleating agent includes polymethyl methacrylate.

4. The method for preparing photovoltaic coated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical tempering temperature is 300℃~800℃; And / or, the physical tempering time is 90s~110s.

5. The method for preparing photovoltaic coated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow silica particles have an average particle size of 60nm~130nm; And / or, the thickness of the surface coating layer is 80nm~140nm; And / or, the refractive index of the surface coating layer is 1.25~1.

30.

6. The method for preparing photovoltaic coated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The surface coating solution also includes at least one of a silane coupling agent and a weather-resistant modifier.

7. The method for preparing photovoltaic coated glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, The silane coupling agent includes at least one of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the weather resistance modifier includes at least one of methyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, or heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane.

8. A photovoltaic coated glass, characterized in that, The photovoltaic coated glass is prepared by the photovoltaic coated glass preparation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The application of the photovoltaic coated glass of claim 8 in a marine environment.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes the photovoltaic coated glass as described in claim 8.

Images