A modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material, its preparation method, and its application.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of flame retardant materials technology, and discloses a modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material, its preparation method, and its application. The protective material, by weight, comprises 60-70 parts of nano-magnesium hydroxide, 1.5-2.5 parts of silane coupling agent, and 3-5 parts of halogen-free phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardant, etc., prepared through wet modification, film-forming solution preparation, synergistic agent compounding, pH adjustment, filtration, and degassing. This material is zero-fluorine, non-toxic, and non-corrosive, withstands extreme temperature ranges from -45℃ to 350℃, achieves B1 flame retardancy, increases fire extinguishing efficiency by 5 times, reduces smoke by 85%, and has a 92% biodegradability rate after 8 hours. It also possesses electrical insulation and long-term protective properties. This material is suitable for wooden structures in ancient temples, electrical wiring, and the artifacts themselves, solving the problems of toxicity, corrosion, narrow temperature resistance, and easy reignition associated with traditional materials. It meets the goals of cultural relic protection and carbon sequestration, and the process is simple and can be industrially produced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flame retardant materials technology, specifically relating to modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection materials, their preparation methods, and applications. Background Technology

[0002] Ancient temple buildings are primarily constructed of wood, and aging or overloaded electrical wiring can easily cause fires. Furthermore, the artifacts and wooden structures require undamaged protection. Existing fire-resistant materials for ancient buildings have many drawbacks: traditional flame retardants contain halogens and fluorines, are highly toxic and corrosive, and easily damage the wood, paintings, and artifacts themselves; they have a narrow temperature range, easily decomposing at high temperatures and freezing at low temperatures, making them unsuitable for extreme conditions; they have low fire extinguishing efficiency, are prone to reignition, have poor smoke reduction effects, and insufficient electrical insulation; they are environmentally unfriendly, have low biodegradability, and do not meet the "dual carbon" targets and the requirements for the protective restoration of cultural relics, making it difficult to meet the long-term fire prevention, fire extinguishing, and explosion suppression needs of the wooden structures, electrical wiring, and artifacts of ancient temple buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material, its preparation method, and its application.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60–70 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 1.5–2.5 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550, 0.8–1.2 parts of organic dispersant, 3–5 parts of halogen-free phosphorus and nitrogen synergistic flame retardant, 8–12 parts of bio-based acrylic water-based film-forming aid, 20–30 parts of deionized water, 2–4 parts of environmentally friendly antifreeze agent, 1–2 parts of inorganic smoke suppressant, 0.5–1 part of wood penetration promoter, 0.3–0.5 parts of cultural relic protection stabilizer, and 1–1.5 parts of electrical insulation modifier; wherein the nano magnesium hydroxide has a purity ≥99.9% and a particle size of 50–200 nm.

[0005] Preferably, it is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550, 1 part of organic dispersant, 4 parts of halogen-free phosphorus and nitrogen synergistic flame retardant, 10 parts of bio-based acrylic water-based film-forming aid, 25 parts of deionized water, 3 parts of environmentally friendly antifreeze, 1.5 parts of inorganic smoke suppressant, 0.8 parts of wood penetration promoter, 0.4 parts of cultural relic protection stabilizer, and 1.2 parts of electrical insulation modifier.

[0006] Preferably, it is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 68 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 2.2 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550, 1 part of organic dispersant, 4.5 parts of halogen-free phosphorus and nitrogen synergistic flame retardant, 9 parts of bio-based acrylic water-based film-forming aid, 22 parts of deionized water, 3.5 parts of environmentally friendly antifreeze, 1.8 parts of inorganic smoke suppressant, 0.6 parts of wood penetration promoter, 0.3 parts of cultural relic protection stabilizer, and 1.5 parts of electrical insulation modifier.

[0007] This invention also discloses a method for preparing the above-mentioned modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material, comprising the following steps: (1) Modification of nano magnesium hydroxide: Nano magnesium hydroxide was mixed with deionized water to prepare a slurry with a solid content of 60%, which was wet modified at 50–60℃ for 60 min and ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min to obtain modified slurry A. (2) Preparation of film-forming solution: The bio-based acrylic aqueous film-forming aid was stirred with the remaining deionized water for 20 min to obtain film-forming solution B; (3) Preparation of synergist: The halogen-free phosphorus and nitrogen synergist flame retardant and the inorganic smoke suppressant are mixed and ground for 30 min, and the powder particle size is controlled to be ≤5μm to obtain synergist C; (4) Compound preparation: Disperse the modified slurry A and film-forming liquid B at high speed for 40 min, add synergist C, environmentally friendly antifreeze, wood penetration promoter, cultural relic protection stabilizer and electrical insulation modifier in sequence, stir for 30 min, adjust the pH of the system to 6.5–8.5, filter and degas to obtain the finished product.

[0008] Preferably, in step (1), the wet modification temperature is 55°C and the ultrasonic dispersion power is 800W; in step (4), the pH of the system is adjusted to 7.2–7.5.

[0009] Preferably, in step (4), a 100-mesh filter is used for filtration and the vacuum degassing time is 15 minutes.

[0010] This invention also discloses the application of the above-mentioned modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material in wooden structures, wherein the wooden structure is a wooden structure of an ancient temple, and the application process includes substrate pretreatment, dilution, construction and curing.

[0011] Preferably, the substrate pretreatment involves cleaning and drying the wood substrate to a moisture content ≤18%; the dilution ratio is stock solution: deionized water = 1:0.5–1; the wood substrate is coated with 2–3 coats and cured at room temperature for 24 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the protective material is also used for fire protection of electrical wiring in ancient temple buildings. The electrical wiring is coated 1-2 times during construction to form an insulating protective film.

[0013] Preferably, the protective material forms a transparent film on the surface of the wood substrate, with a flame retardant rating of B1, a temperature resistance range of -45℃ to 350℃, and a biodegradability rate of ≥92% after 8 hours.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Friendly to cultural relics and ancient buildings: zero fluorine, non-toxic, non-corrosive, does not damage wood, paint and the cultural relic itself, and is suitable for the special protection requirements of ancient buildings.

[0015] Stable in extreme temperature ranges: It can withstand high temperatures of 350℃ without decomposing and low temperatures of -45℃ without freezing, making it suitable for various harsh working conditions.

[0016] Excellent protective performance: reaches B1 flame retardancy, fire extinguishing efficiency is 5 times that of traditional materials, smoke reduction rate is 85%, no reignition and good electrical insulation.

[0017] Green and environmentally friendly: 92% biodegradability in 8 hours, in compliance with GB / T33761 standard.

[0018] Long-lasting and practical: Flame retardant effective period ≥ 5 years, with ice melting and antifreeze properties, simple preparation process that can be industrialized, transparent film formation during construction without damaging the original appearance of ancient buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1: Modified magnesium hydroxide fireproofing and extinguishing material specifically for wooden beams and columns of ancient temple buildings 1. Raw material formula, in parts by weight Nano magnesium hydroxide (purity ≥99.9%, particle size 50–200 nm): 65 parts Silane coupling agent KH-550: 2 parts Organic dispersant (polycarboxylate): 1 part Halogen-free phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardant: 4 parts Bio-based acrylic aqueous film-forming aid: 10 parts Deionized water: 25 parts Environmentally friendly antifreeze: 3 parts Inorganic smoke suppressant: 1.5 parts Wood penetration enhancer: 0.8 parts Cultural relic preservation stabilizer: 0.4 parts Electrical insulation modifier: 1.2 parts 2. Preparation process Nano magnesium hydroxide modification: Nano magnesium hydroxide and deionized water were prepared into a slurry with a solid content of 60% according to the formula, and put into a reaction vessel. The temperature was raised to 55℃, and the wet modification was carried out by stirring at 300r / min for 60min. Then, the slurry was ultrasonically dispersed at 800W for 20min to obtain modified slurry A. Preparation of film-forming solution: Mix the bio-based acrylic aqueous film-forming aid with the remaining deionized water, stir at 200 r / min for 20 min at room temperature until completely dissolved, and obtain film-forming solution B; Synergist preparation: The halogen-free phosphorus and nitrogen-based synergistic flame retardant was mixed with an inorganic smoke suppressant and ground in a sand mill for 30 minutes. The particle size of the powder was controlled to be ≤5μm to obtain synergist C. Compound preparation: Mix modified slurry A with film-forming liquid B and disperse at 800 r / min for 40 min; add synergist C, environmentally friendly antifreeze, wood penetration promoter, cultural relic protection stabilizer and electrical insulation modifier in sequence, and continue stirring for 30 min; adjust the pH of the system to 7.5 with dilute hydrochloric acid / sodium hydroxide, filter through a 100-mesh filter and degas under vacuum for 15 min to obtain the finished product.

[0021] 3. Substrate pretreatment Select wooden beams and pillars from the temple, remove surface dust, oil, and rot, and air dry them naturally until the moisture content is ≤18%, with no cracks or mold on the surface, keeping them dry and clean.

[0022] 4. Dilution and Application Dilution ratio: stock solution: deionized water = 1:0.8, stir well; Application method: Apply three coats evenly with a 4-hour interval between each coat to ensure the coating fully penetrates the wood grain; Curing conditions: Natural curing for 24 hours at room temperature (25±2℃) and relative humidity (50±5%).

[0023] 5. Performance test results Flame retardant rating: B1 (difficult to ignite); Temperature resistance: Does not decompose at 350℃, does not freeze at -45℃, and does not delaminate; Biodegradation rate: 93% degradation after 8 hours; Smoke reduction efficiency: 86%; Fire extinguishing efficiency: 5.2 times that of traditional flame-retardant materials; Long-lasting: Flame retardant protection effective period ≥ 5 years, ice melting and antifreeze duration 6 days.

[0024] 6. Application Effects The coating forms a transparent protective film on the surface of wooden beams and columns, without changing the original color and texture of the wood. It is non-corrosive, non-toxic, and does not damage the wooden structure or surface painting. It is suitable for long-term fire protection of wooden beams and columns in temples and ancient buildings.

[0025] Example 2: Modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material specifically for electrical wiring in ancient temple buildings 1. Raw material formula Nano magnesium hydroxide (purity ≥99.9%, particle size 50–200 nm): 68 parts Silane coupling agent KH-550: 2.2 parts Organic dispersant (polycarboxylate): 1 part Halogen-free phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardant: 4.5 parts Bio-based acrylic aqueous film-forming aid: 9 parts Deionized water: 22 parts Environmentally friendly antifreeze: 3.5 parts Inorganic smoke suppressant: 1.8 parts Wood penetration enhancer: 0.6 parts Cultural relic preservation stabilizer: 0.3 parts Electrical insulation modifier: 1.5 parts 2. Preparation process Nano-magnesium hydroxide modification: Prepare a slurry with 60% solid content, wet modify at 55℃ for 60 min, and ultrasonically disperse for 20 min to obtain modified slurry A; Film-forming solution preparation: The film-forming aid is stirred with deionized water at room temperature for 20 min to obtain film-forming solution B; Synergist preparation: Grind synergist flame retardant and smoke suppressant for 30 min, with particle size ≤ 5 μm, to obtain synergist C; Compound preparation: A+B are dispersed at high speed for 40 minutes, C and other additives are added and stirred for 30 minutes, pH is adjusted to 7.2, and the finished product is obtained after filtration and degassing.

[0026] 3. Substrate pretreatment Clean the surface of the temple's electrical wiring to remove dust and oxide layers, ensuring the wiring is dry, undamaged, leak-free, and the insulation is intact.

[0027] 4. Dilution and Application Dilution ratio: stock solution: deionized water = 1:0.5; Construction method: Use thin-coat spraying process, apply two coats evenly, with a 3-hour interval between each coat, to avoid paint buildup affecting heat dissipation of the circuit; Curing conditions: Curing naturally at room temperature for 24 hours. After curing, there is no sticking or electrical conductivity hazard.

[0028] 5. Performance test results Electrical insulation performance: Volume resistivity ≥10¹ 4 Ω·cm, insulation class meets standards; Flame retardant and explosion suppressant: B1 flame retardant rating, no deflagration or reignition in electrical fire scenarios; Temperature resistance: Stable in a temperature range of -45℃ to 350℃, without affecting the normal operation of electrical circuits; Environmental performance: Zero fluorine and non-toxic; biodegradability rate ≥91% after 8 hours. Smoke reduction efficiency: 84%, reducing the hazards of smoke from electrical fires.

[0029] 6. Application Effects The coating forms an ultra-thin insulating protective film on the surface of electrical circuits, without affecting the conductivity and heat dissipation of the circuits. It has the functions of flame retardant, explosion suppression and fire extinguishing in electrical fires, and is suitable for the special fire protection needs of electrical circuits in temples and ancient buildings. It is non-corrosive and poses no safety hazards.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material, characterized in that, It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60–70 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 1.5–2.5 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550, 0.8–1.2 parts of organic dispersant, 3–5 parts of halogen-free phosphorus and nitrogen synergistic flame retardant, 8–12 parts of bio-based acrylic water-based film-forming aid, 20–30 parts of deionized water, 2–4 parts of environmentally friendly antifreeze, 1–2 parts of inorganic smoke suppressant, 0.5–1 part of wood penetration promoter, 0.3–0.5 parts of cultural relic protection stabilizer, and 1–1.5 parts of electrical insulation modifier; wherein the nano magnesium hydroxide has a purity ≥99.9% and a particle size of 50–200 nm.

2. The modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts nano magnesium hydroxide, 2 parts silane coupling agent KH-550, 1 part organic dispersant, 4 parts halogen-free phosphorus and nitrogen synergistic flame retardant, 10 parts bio-based acrylic water-based film-forming aid, 25 parts deionized water, 3 parts environmentally friendly antifreeze, 1.5 parts inorganic smoke suppressant, 0.8 parts wood penetration promoter, 0.4 parts cultural relic protection stabilizer, and 1.2 parts electrical insulation modifier.

3. The modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 68 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 2.2 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550, 1 part of organic dispersant, 4.5 parts of halogen-free phosphorus and nitrogen synergistic flame retardant, 9 parts of bio-based acrylic water-based film-forming aid, 22 parts of deionized water, 3.5 parts of environmentally friendly antifreeze, 1.8 parts of inorganic smoke suppressant, 0.6 parts of wood penetration promoter, 0.3 parts of cultural relic protection stabilizer, and 1.5 parts of electrical insulation modifier.

4. A method for preparing the modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Modification of nano magnesium hydroxide: Nano magnesium hydroxide was mixed with deionized water to prepare a slurry with a solid content of 60%, which was wet modified at 50–60℃ for 60 min and ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min to obtain modified slurry A. (2) Preparation of film-forming solution: The bio-based acrylic aqueous film-forming aid was stirred with the remaining deionized water for 20 min to obtain film-forming solution B; (3) Preparation of synergist: The halogen-free phosphorus and nitrogen synergist flame retardant and the inorganic smoke suppressant are mixed and ground for 30 min, and the powder particle size is controlled to be ≤5μm to obtain synergist C; (4) Compound preparation: Disperse the modified slurry A and film-forming liquid B at high speed for 40 min, add synergist C, environmentally friendly antifreeze, wood penetration promoter, cultural relic protection stabilizer and electrical insulation modifier in sequence, stir for 30 min, adjust the pH of the system to 6.5–8.5, filter and degas to obtain the finished product.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (1), the wet modification temperature is 55℃ and the ultrasonic dispersion power is 800W; in step (4), the pH of the system is adjusted to 7.2–7.

5.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (4), a 100-mesh filter is used for filtration, and the vacuum degassing time is 15 minutes.

7. The application of the modified magnesium hydroxide electrical fire protection material according to any one of claims 1-3 in timber-framed buildings, characterized in that, The wooden structure is a traditional wooden structure used in temples. The application process includes substrate pretreatment, dilution, construction, and curing.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The substrate pretreatment involves cleaning and drying the wood substrate until the moisture content is ≤18%; the dilution ratio is stock solution: deionized water = 1:0.5–1; the wood substrate is coated with 2–3 coats and cured at room temperature for 24 hours.

9. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protective material is also used for fire protection of electrical wiring in ancient temple buildings. The electrical wiring is coated 1-2 times during construction to form an insulating protective film.

10. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protective material forms a transparent film on the surface of the wood substrate, with a flame retardant rating of B1, a temperature resistance range of -45℃ to 350℃, and a biodegradability rate of ≥92% after 8 hours.

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