A liquid coal dust suppressant and its preparation and application methods

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of dust control technology, specifically relating to a liquid coal dust suppressant and its preparation and application methods. The liquid coal dust suppressant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-5 parts cellulose, 75-90 parts polyol, 5-25 parts adhesive, and 0-2 parts functional additives. The beneficial effects of this application include: the liquid coal dust suppressant of this application induces the formation of a cross-linked network between cellulose and polyol through thermal induction, utilizing the large number of active hydroxyl groups in the network to form strong hydrogen bond anchoring with adhesive molecules. This microscopic "lock-in" mechanism allows the system to achieve long-term uniform suspension of the adhesive without maintaining high viscosity; the liquid coal dust suppressant of this application maintains extremely low initial viscosity (facilitating pouring and pumping), and after standing at room temperature for 180 days without stratification or precipitation, achieving a perfect balance between high kinetic stability and excellent operability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of dust control technology, specifically relating to a liquid coal dust suppressant and its preparation and application methods. Background Technology

[0002] Coal is a fundamental energy source in my country. Its mining, storage, and long-distance transportation (especially by open wagon rail) generate large amounts of coal dust. This not only causes serious energy loss but also pollutes the surrounding environment and can even trigger respiratory diseases, fires, dust explosions, and other safety accidents. Spraying chemical dust suppressants is the mainstream method for controlling coal dust.

[0003] Most coal dust suppressants on the market are currently solid powders. While solid dust suppressants have the advantage of small transport volume, they require complex, large-scale mixing and dissolving equipment at the work site. Solid components often dissolve slowly and are prone to clumping, leading to low on-site preparation efficiency and potential secondary dust pollution. Existing liquid dust suppressants generally suffer from compatibility issues between active ingredients (such as adhesives and film-forming agents) and solvents, resulting in high logistics costs. To avoid severe phase separation and sedimentation during storage and transportation, manufacturers are often forced to adopt a "solid-liquid separate shipment" model, where powdered adhesives are mixed into the solvent at the application site. This not only significantly increases packaging and logistics management costs but also contradicts the original intention of liquid dust suppressants to be "ready to use immediately." Furthermore, existing liquid dust suppressants also suffer from poor stability, with active ingredients easily precipitating and clumping, and poor fluidity at low or even normal temperatures, leading to operational problems such as "unable to pour out" and "unable to be pumped." Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a liquid coal dust suppressant and its preparation and application methods, aiming to solve the problems of poor fluidity and stability and difficulty in dilution and dispersion of existing liquid coal dust suppressants.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a liquid coal dust suppressant, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-5 parts cellulose, 75-90 parts polyol, 5-25 parts adhesive, and 0-2 parts functional additives.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, the mass ratio of the cellulose to the polyol is 1:(80-100).

[0007] According to some embodiments of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, the cellulose includes one or more of methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and lignocellulose.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, the polyol includes one or more of glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and 1,4-butanediol.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, the adhesive includes one or more of crosslinked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, lignocellulose, sodium alginate, and carrageenan.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, the functional additives include one or more of surfactants, preservatives, and pigments.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, the surfactant includes one or more of alkyl polyglycosides, polyethylene glycol stearate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, and lauryl alcohol polyether.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, the corrosion inhibitor includes one or more of phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, and phenethyl alcohol.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, the pigments include beetroot red and / or lemon yellow.

[0014] This application also provides a method for preparing the liquid coal dust suppressant described in the first aspect of this application, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) Mix cellulose and polyol and heat to obtain a mixed system; (2) Add adhesive to the mixing system and stir to mix, then let it stand for aging, and then stir again to obtain the liquid coal dust suppressant.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the preparation method of liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, in step (1), the heating temperature is 60-85℃ and the heating time is 1-2h.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the preparation method of liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, in step (2), the stirring and mixing temperature is 20-30℃ and the time is 50-70min.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the preparation method of liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application, in step (2), the temperature of static aging is 20-30℃ and the time is 3-6h.

[0019] This application embodiment also provides a method for using the liquid coal dust suppressant described in the first aspect of this application or the liquid coal dust suppressant obtained by the preparation method described in the second aspect of this application, including the following steps: mixing the liquid coal dust suppressant with water and spraying it.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the method of use described in this application, the volume ratio of the liquid coal dust suppressant to water is 1:(80-120).

[0021] According to some embodiments of the method of use described in this application, the spraying rate is 2.2-3.5 L / m³. 2 .

[0022] The beneficial effects of this application include: the liquid coal dust suppressant described herein induces the formation of a cross-linked network between cellulose and polyols through thermal induction, utilizing the large number of active hydroxyl groups in the network to form strong hydrogen bond anchoring effects with adhesive molecules. This microscopic "lock-in" mechanism allows the system to achieve long-term uniform suspension of the adhesive without maintaining high viscosity; while maintaining extremely low initial viscosity (facilitating pouring and pumping), the liquid coal dust suppressant described herein exhibits no stratification or precipitation after standing at room temperature for 180 days, achieving a perfect balance between high kinetic stability and excellent operability.

[0023] The adhesive in the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application is pre-coated by a network formed by cellulose and polyols through hydrogen bonds, placing it in a well-solventized state. During dilution, this network structure acts as a hydrophilic medium, guiding water to rapidly enter the system and promoting the uniform diffusion of effective components at the molecular or microparticle level. The diluted dust suppressant is extremely uniformly distributed, preventing colloidal clumping, nozzle clogging, and uneven film formation. This effectively avoids weak points in the film and enhances the wind erosion resistance of the dust suppressant layer.

[0024] The liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application solves the long-term stability problem of liquid dust suppressants. The product can be directly delivered to the terminal as a single liquid component, eliminating the need for the "separate solid-liquid delivery" or "on-site preparation" methods used with existing dust suppressants. This not only significantly reduces packaging, logistics, and warehousing management costs but also eliminates the need for large-scale mixing and dissolving equipment at the work site, as well as related energy consumption and labor costs, greatly improving the industrialization and automation level of coal dust suppression operations.

[0025] The raw materials used in the liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application all have good biodegradability and are environmentally friendly. Furthermore, the system does not contain harmful elements such as sulfur and chlorine, and will not generate secondary pollution or corrode boiler equipment during subsequent coal combustion. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the crosslinking network of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in Example 1 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0029] This application provides a liquid coal dust suppressant, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-5 parts cellulose, 75-90 parts polyol, 5-25 parts adhesive, and 0-2 parts functional additives.

[0030] The liquid coal dust suppressant described in this application utilizes the hydrogen bond cross-linking network formed by cellulose and polyols under heating to lock the adhesive particles like a "net". This force is sufficient to overcome gravity and prevent stratification under static conditions, and can also exhibit good fluidity when subjected to shear force (pouring / pumping). This realizes the shift from "physical thickening" to "chemical anchoring": solving the problem that traditional technology relies on increasing the overall viscosity to prevent sedimentation, resulting in the product not being able to be poured out.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, the mass ratio of cellulose to polyol is 1:(80-100); for example, 1:80, 1:85, 1:90, 1:95, 1:100, etc. If the cellulose content is too low, sufficient cross-linking network density cannot be formed, which easily leads to subsequent adhesive sedimentation; if the cellulose content is too high, the viscosity of the system at room temperature is too high, which is not conducive to pumping. As a continuous phase, the proportion of polyol determines the antifreeze performance of the system and the space for network construction.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, the cellulose includes one or more of methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and lignocellulose.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the polyol includes one or more of glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and 1,4-butanediol.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, the adhesive includes one or more of crosslinked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, lignocellulose, sodium alginate, and carrageenan.

[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the functional additives include one or more of surfactants, preservatives, and pigments.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, the surfactant includes one or more of alkyl polyglycosides, polyethylene glycol stearate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, and lauryl alcohol polyether.

[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the preservative includes one or more of phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, and phenethyl alcohol.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the pigments include beet red and / or lemon yellow.

[0039] This application also provides a method for preparing the liquid coal dust suppressant described in the first aspect of this application, comprising the following steps: (1) Mix cellulose and polyol and heat to obtain a mixed system; (2) Add adhesive to the mixing system and stir to mix, then let it stand for aging, and then stir again to obtain the liquid coal dust suppressant.

[0040] The preparation method described in this application utilizes the cellulose-polyol crosslinking network formed by heating a mixture of cellulose and polyol. This network contains numerous active hydroxyl groups and hydrogen bonding sites. Through these high-density hydrogen bond networks, chemical links and anchoring effects are formed with adhesive molecules, allowing the adhesive to remain suspended in the system in a microscopically stable state. Because this supporting effect originates from intermolecular hydrogen bonding rather than macroscopic viscoelastic resistance, the system exhibits high stability.

[0041] Because the dust suppressant obtained by the preparation method described in this application does not require the construction of a high-viscosity matrix, and the dust suppressant can maintain low-viscosity liquid characteristics at room temperature, it completely solves the operational pain points of high-viscosity dust suppressants in the pumping process, such as high resistance, high loss and large packaging residue.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, in step (1), the heating temperature is 60-85℃, such as 60℃, 68℃, 70℃, 75℃, 80℃, 85℃, etc., and the heating time is 1-2h, such as 1h, 1.2h, 1.5h, 1.8h, 2h, etc. Controlling the heating temperature within this range allows the cellulose molecular chains to fully unfold, and the polyol molecules form strong hydrogen bonds with the cellulose backbone through hydroxyl groups, constructing a primary "solventization network," which changes the state of cellulose in the polyol and solves the problem of poor compatibility and easy precipitation of the effective components in liquid dust suppressants with the solvent. If the heating temperature is too low, the hydrogen bond network will not form completely, resulting in performance damage; if the heating temperature is too high, the cellulose will be unstable, leading to a decrease in the viscosity of the subsequent product dilution and substandard performance.

[0043] After stopping heating, continue stirring until the system cools to room temperature naturally. The continuous shearing during cooling helps to homogenize the cross-linked network and prevents localized gelation.

[0044] Heating can be achieved using traditional electric heating mantles or water baths, or microwave heating. Microwaves can directly act on polar molecules (polyols and cellulose hydroxyl groups), enabling faster breaking and recombination of hydrogen bonds, thus shortening the heating time to 15-30 minutes.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, in step (2), the mixing temperature is 20-30°C, such as 20°C, 22°C, 25°C, 28°C, 30°C, etc., and the time is 50-70 min, such as 50 min, 55 min, 60 min, 68 min, 70 min, etc. Adding cellulose to the mixing system and stirring allows the polymer particles to be fully encapsulated by the cross-linked network.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, in step (2), the static aging temperature is 20-30℃, such as 20℃, 22℃, 25℃, 28℃, 30℃, etc., and the time is 3-6h, such as 3h, 3.5h, 3.8h, 4h, 4.3h, 5h, 5.7h, 6h, etc. Static aging allows the hydrogen bonds in the cross-linked network to be fully "hydrogen-anchored" to the active sites on the surface of the adhesive particles, forming a kinetically stable suspension system, enabling the product to maintain storage stability while retaining its fluidity. After aging, stirring is restarted to restore the system to a fluidized state, resulting in a homogeneous liquid product.

[0047] This application also provides a method for using the liquid coal dust suppressant described in the first aspect of this application or the liquid coal dust suppressant prepared by the method described in the second aspect of this application, including the following steps: mixing the liquid coal dust suppressant with water and spraying it. Because the adhesive is pre-coated by a hydrophilic cross-linked network, the network quickly absorbs water and expands when diluted with water, which drives the internal components to diffuse rapidly, avoiding the "clumping upon entering water" phenomenon common in traditional products.

[0048] In some embodiments of this application, the volume ratio of the liquid coal dust suppressant to water is 1:(80-120); for example, 1:80, 1:90, 1:100, 1:110, 1:120, etc.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, the spraying rate is 2.2-3.5 L / m³. 2 For example, 2.2L / m 2 2.5L / m 2 2.8L / m 2 3.0L / m 2 3.3L / m 2 3.5L / m 2 wait.

[0050] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0051] Example 1 A method for preparing a liquid coal dust suppressant includes the following steps: (1) Mix 6 kg of glycerol with 2 kg of propylene glycol and 0.1 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose evenly, heat and stir at 70°C for 1 h, then stop heating and continue stirring until cooled to room temperature (25°C). (2) Add 1.9 kg of cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the above solution and stir at room temperature (25°C) for 1 h. Stop stirring and let it stand at room temperature (25°C) for 4 h to age. Then continue stirring for 1 h to obtain a liquid coal dust suppressant. Its cross-linked network diagram is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0052] Example 2 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 2 and that in Example 1 is that the amount of cellulose added during the preparation of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 2 is 0.02 kg.

[0053] Example 3 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 3 and that in Example 1 is that the amount of cellulose added during the preparation of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 3 is 0.08 kg.

[0054] Example 4 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 4 and that in Example 1 is that the amount of cellulose added during the preparation of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 4 is 0.15 kg.

[0055] Example 5 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 5 and that in Example 1 is that the temperature at which cellulose and polyol are mixed and heated during the preparation of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 5 is 50°C.

[0056] Example 6 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 6 and that in Example 1 is that the temperature at which cellulose and polyol are mixed and heated during the preparation of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 6 is 65°C.

[0057] Example 7 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 7 and that in Example 1 is that the temperature at which cellulose and polyol are mixed and heated during the preparation of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 7 is 90°C.

[0058] Example 8 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 8 and that in Example 1 is that the heating time for mixing cellulose and polyol in the preparation process of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 8 is 0.5 h.

[0059] Example 9 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 9 and that in Example 1 is that the heating time for mixing cellulose and polyol in the preparation process of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 9 is 1.5 hours.

[0060] Example 10 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 10 and that in Example 1 is that the heating time for mixing cellulose and polyol in the preparation process of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Example 10 is 3 hours.

[0061] Comparative Example 1 The only difference between the preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant in Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the liquid coal dust suppressant in Comparative Example 1 was not subjected to static aging treatment during preparation.

[0062] The specific operating steps include: (1) Mix 6 kg of glycerol with 2 kg of propylene glycol and 0.1 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose evenly, heat and stir at 70°C for 1 h, then stop heating and continue stirring until cooled to room temperature (25°C). (2) Add 1.9 kg of cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the above solution and stir at room temperature (25°C) for 2 h to obtain liquid coal dust suppressant.

[0063] Comparative Example 2 The preparation method of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in Comparative Example 2 includes the following steps: 6 kg of glycerol, 2 kg of propylene glycol, 0.1 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1.9 kg of croscarmellose sodium are mixed and stirred evenly at 70°C to obtain the liquid coal dust suppressant.

[0064] The effects of the liquid coal dust suppressant described in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Example 1 of this application are studied. The liquid dust suppressants described in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of this application were stirred with deionized water at a ratio of 1:100 (w / w) for 30 minutes at a speed of 500 r / min to obtain homogeneous dust suppressant solutions. The stability of the dust suppressant solutions was observed and their viscosity was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1

[0066] As can be seen from Table 1, the ratio of cellulose and polyols, heating temperature and heating time are the key factors affecting the performance of the liquid coal dust suppressant during its preparation.

[0067] Comparative examples 1-4 show that when the ratio of cellulose to polyol is 1:(80-100), the resulting liquid coal dust suppressant has better stability while maintaining good fluidity.

[0068] Comparing Examples 1 and 5-7, it can be seen that when the heating temperature is controlled at 65-70℃ when cellulose and polyol are mixed, the resulting liquid coal dust suppressant has better stability while maintaining good fluidity.

[0069] Comparing Examples 1 and 8-10, it can be seen that when the heating time is controlled to be 1-1.5h when cellulose and polyol are mixed, the resulting liquid coal dust suppressant has better stability while maintaining good fluidity.

[0070] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that stirring after adding the binder and then allowing it to stand for aging can improve the stability of the coal dust suppressant.

[0071] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid coal dust suppressant, characterized in that, The preparation materials include the following parts by weight: 0.1-5 parts cellulose, 75-90 parts polyol, 5-25 parts adhesive and 0-2 parts functional additives.

2. The liquid coal dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the cellulose to the polyol is 1:(80-100).

3. The liquid coal dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cellulose includes one or more of methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and lignocellulose; And / or, the polyol includes one or more of glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and 1,4-butanediol; And / or, the adhesive comprises one or more of crosslinked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, lignocellulose, sodium alginate, and carrageenan; And / or, the functional additives include one or more of surfactants, preservatives, and pigments.

4. The liquid coal dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfactant includes one or more of alkyl polysaccharide, polyethylene glycol stearate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80 and lauryl alcohol polyether; And / or, the preservative includes one or more of phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, and phenethyl alcohol; And / or, the pigments include beet red and / or lemon yellow.

5. The method for preparing the liquid coal dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Mix cellulose and polyol and heat to obtain a mixed system; (2) Add adhesive to the mixing system and stir to mix, then let it stand for aging, and then stir again to obtain the liquid coal dust suppressant.

6. The method for preparing the liquid coal dust suppressant according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (1), the heating temperature is 60-85℃ and the heating time is 1-2h.

7. The method for preparing the liquid coal dust suppressant according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (2), the stirring and mixing temperature is 20-30℃ and the time is 50-70min.

8. The method for preparing the liquid coal dust suppressant according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (2), the static aging temperature is 20-30℃ and the time is 3-6h.

9. A method of using the liquid coal dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1-4 or the liquid coal dust suppressant obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Simply mix the liquid coal dust suppressant with water and spray it.

10. The method of use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the liquid coal dust suppressant to water is 1:(80-120). And / or, the spraying rate is 2.2-3.5 L / m³. 2 .

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