A box-type coking oven

Abstract

This application provides a box-type coking oven, including a box body and a base. The box body includes a top cover and multiple side walls, including long side walls and short side walls. Each side wall includes a side wall shell and a side wall liner. The top cover includes a top cover shell and a top cover liner. The side wall shell of the long side wall has a first shell channel, and the side wall liner of the long side wall has a first liner channel. The first shell channel and the first liner channel are connected. The first shell channel has a first air inlet connected to the outside, and the first liner channel has a first air outlet connected to the inside of the box body. The side wall liner of the short side wall has a second liner channel, and the top cover liner has a top cover preheating channel. The second liner channel is connected to the top cover preheating channel and has a second air inlet connected to the outside. The top cover preheating channel has a second air outlet connected to the inside of the box body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coking technology, and in particular to a box-type coking oven. Background Technology

[0002] Existing coking processes mostly employ large regenerative coke ovens. While the coking technology of regenerative coke ovens is largely mature, it also has the following limitations: regenerative coke ovens require coke oven machinery. To fully utilize this machinery, a single set of machinery typically corresponds to a coke oven group with over 100 bores, resulting in high investment and operating costs; the chemical product recovery system has a complex process flow and generates coking wastewater, increasing pollution sources; to ensure the stability of the production system, once put into operation, it cannot be shut down unless undergoing a major overhaul; regenerative coke ovens operate under a slightly positive pressure, generating smoke and dust at the oven doors; and the product range is limited, resulting in poor flexibility.

[0003] Compared with regenerative coke oven coking process, mobile box-type coal briquette coking process has advantages such as shorter process, simpler equipment, more flexible operation, environmental friendliness, and lower cost. Its process flow is as follows:

[0004] Coal briquettes and coke oven bases formed in the preparation workshop are transported to the coke oven area by coal and coke receiving flatbed trucks. A gantry crane places the coal briquettes and bases into empty spaces in the coking unit. The body of another coke oven, already coked and ready for quenching, is placed over the coal briquettes. After a coking cycle, the coal briquettes undergo high-temperature dry distillation to produce coke. Once the coke is mature, the gantry crane lifts the body of the coke oven and places it on the base of another coke oven that has just been loaded with coal briquettes. The quenching device body, placed in an empty space outside the coke oven, is then placed over the red-hot coke in the coking unit ready for quenching for dry quenching. After the red-hot coke cools, the coal and coke receiving flatbed trucks unload the cold coke to the coke yard, where it is left to air dry for a certain period before being sent to the coke screening tower.

[0005] During the coking process, the box covering the coal cake utilizes the heat from its internal lining bricks to release raw coal gas from the coal cake. This raw coal gas mixes with preheated air and burns; the heat generated from the combustion of the raw coal gas heats the coal cake, which then undergoes high-temperature dry distillation within the box-type coking oven to produce coke after one coking cycle. The high-temperature flue gas generated from the combustion of the raw coal gas enters the main flue through the lower flue, and then enters the subsequent waste heat recovery system.

[0006] The coking effect of a box-type coke oven mainly depends on the degree of mixing and combustion of the raw coal gas released during coal briquette pyrolysis with externally introduced air. The completeness and stability of this mixing and combustion are closely related to the degree of air preheating. Sufficiently preheated high-temperature air enhances combustion reactivity and promotes complete combustion of the raw coal gas; conversely, insufficiently preheated low-temperature air entering the oven lowers the combustion temperature, weakens combustion efficiency, and leads to incomplete combustion of the raw coal gas. Existing box-type coke ovens suffer from insufficient air preheating temperature, which affects the mixing and combustion effect and the oven's thermal efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a box-type coking oven to solve the problem of insufficient air preheating temperature in existing box-type coking ovens, which affects the mixing and combustion effect and the thermal efficiency of the oven body. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0008] This application provides a box-type coking oven, including: a detachably connected box body and a base, the box body including a top cover and a plurality of side walls connected to the top cover, the plurality of side walls including long side walls and short side walls, each side wall including a side wall shell and a side wall liner, and the top cover including a top cover shell and a top cover liner;

[0009] The sidewall shell of the long sidewall is provided with a first shell channel, and the sidewall lining of the long sidewall is provided with a first lining channel. The first shell channel is connected to the first lining channel. The first shell channel has a first air inlet connected to the outside, and the first lining channel has a first air outlet connected to the inside of the box.

[0010] The sidewall of the short side wall is lined with a second inner lining channel, and the top cover is lined with a top cover preheating channel. The second inner lining channel is connected to the top cover preheating channel. The second inner lining channel has a second air inlet connected to the outside, and the top cover preheating channel has a second air outlet connected to the inside of the box.

[0011] The base is provided with multiple coal cake placement areas, and flue gas downcomers are provided between adjacent coal cake placement areas.

[0012] In some embodiments, the number of the first outer shell channel, the first inner liner channel, the second inner liner channel, and the top cover preheating channel are all multiple;

[0013] Multiple first outer shell channels and multiple first inner lining channels are arranged side by side along the horizontal extension direction of the long sidewall;

[0014] The top cover preheating channel includes at least one main channel and multiple sub-channels. The sub-channels are respectively connected to the main channel and the second lining channel. The position of the main channel corresponds to the position of the flue gas descending hole in the vertical direction.

[0015] Multiple second lining channels are arranged side by side along the horizontal extension direction of the short sidewall.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first air outlet is located at the bottom of the inner side of the sidewall liner of the long sidewall.

[0017] In some embodiments, the sidewall shell of the long sidewall includes multiple hollow steel sections, which are arranged side by side along the horizontal extension direction of the long sidewall, and the inner cavity of the hollow steel section forms the first shell channel.

[0018] In some embodiments, among the multiple hollow steel sections, every two adjacent hollow steel sections form a group, and the two hollow steel sections in each group have connecting holes on their adjacent sidewalls so that the inner cavities of the two hollow steel sections are interconnected to form a deflecting airflow channel; one hollow steel section has the first air inlet, and the other hollow steel section has an outlet that communicates with the first lining channel;

[0019] The first inner lining channel is arranged in a meandering or coiled manner in the inner lining of the long side wall;

[0020] The second lining channel is arranged in a meandering or coiled manner within the sidewall lining of the short sidewall.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first air outlet is configured in at least two rows along the height direction.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first air outlet is shaped like a long groove or a horn; the second air outlet is shaped like a long groove or a horn.

[0023] In some embodiments, an air conditioning assembly is provided on the long side wall and / or the short side wall. The air conditioning assembly includes a plurality of adjustment positions arranged along the height direction and at least one damper. The damper can be selectively installed at different adjustment positions to adjust the area of ​​the damper blocking the first air inlet.

[0024] In some embodiments, the sidewall further includes a sidewall insulation layer disposed between the sidewall outer shell and the sidewall inner lining.

[0025] In some embodiments, the sidewall housing of the short sidewall is provided with a second housing channel, the second housing channel having a third air inlet communicating with the outside, and the second housing channel communicating with the second inner lining channel.

[0026] Beneficial effects of the embodiments in this application:

[0027] The box-type coking oven provided in this application significantly extends the air preheating path and increases the heat exchange area by setting up a two-stage preheating system consisting of a first outer shell channel and a first inner lining channel on the long sidewall, and a series preheating system consisting of a second inner lining channel on the short sidewall and a top cover preheating channel. This allows the air to obtain a higher preheating temperature before entering the coking space inside the oven. High-temperature air can enhance the combustion reactivity of raw coal gas, promote complete combustion, thereby improving the oven's thermal efficiency, shortening the coking time, and saving energy. Specifically, during the coking process, external air enters from the first air inlet of the first outer shell channel on the long sidewall and the second air inlet of the second inner lining channel on the short sidewall. The air from the long sidewall is initially preheated by the first outer shell channel before entering the first inner lining channel for secondary preheating, while the air from the short sidewall is preheated by the second inner lining channel and then flows into the top cover preheating channel for further heating. Both air streams are fully preheated and then enter the oven at a higher temperature through the first and second air outlets. Furthermore, as the air flows through the first outer shell channel, the first inner lining channel, the second inner lining channel, and the top cover preheating channel, it absorbs the heat that would otherwise be lost through the side walls and top cover of the enclosure. On the one hand, this reduces the outer surface temperature of the side walls and top cover of the enclosure, reducing radiative heat loss; on the other hand, it improves the operating environment temperature around the side walls and top cover of the enclosure.

[0028] Of course, implementing any product or method of this application does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a box-type coking oven provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 (The short sidewall is hidden and the first air outlet is in a row);

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a box-type coking oven provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a front view of the sidewall housing and the top cover housing in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a side view of the sidewall housing and the top cover housing in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 3The box shown is a cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a front view of the side wall liner and top cover liner in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 (The first air outlet is in a row);

[0036] Figure 7 This is a side view of the side wall liner and the top cover liner in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The sectional view of the sidewall liner and the top cover liner shown at BB;

[0038] Figure 9 for Figure 6 The sidewall liner and top cover liner shown are sectional views at CC;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a front view of the side wall liner and top cover liner in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 (The first air outlet has two rows);

[0040] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a box-type coking oven provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 (The short sidewall is hidden and the first air outlet is in two rows)

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the second air outlet in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the base in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure label:

[0044] Box body 100; Top cover 110; Top cover outer shell 111; Top cover inner lining 112; Top cover preheating channel 1121; Second air outlet 1122; Main channel 1123; Sub-channel 1124; Long side wall 120; First outer shell channel 121; First air inlet 1211; First transition outlet 1212; First inner lining channel 122; First air outlet 1221; Short side wall 130; Second inner lining channel 131; Second air inlet 1311; Side wall outer shell 140; Hollow steel 141; Side wall inner lining 150; Insert plate 160; Base 200; Coal cake placement area 210; Flue gas downcomer 220; Base frame 230; Base refractory brick 240; Carbon board 250; Air conditioning assembly 300; Adjustment gear 310; Air damper 320; Lifting lug 410; Reinforcing plate 420; Reinforcing rib 430;

[0045] Coal cake A. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this application provides a box-type coking oven, including: a detachably connected box body 100 and a base 200. The box body 100 includes a top cover 110 and multiple side walls connected to the top cover 110, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the multiple sidewalls include a long sidewall 120 and a short sidewall 130, and each sidewall includes a sidewall housing 140 and a sidewall liner 150, as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the top cover 110 includes a top cover outer shell 111 and a top cover inner liner 112; as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the sidewall shell 140 of the long sidewall 120 is provided with a first shell channel 121, and the sidewall liner 150 of the long sidewall 120 is provided with a first liner channel 122. The first shell channel 121 and the first liner channel 122 are connected. Figure 3 As shown, the first outer casing channel 121 has a first air inlet 1211 communicating with the outside, and the first inner lining channel 122 has a first air outlet 1221 communicating with the inside of the housing 100; as Figure 6 As shown, the sidewall liner 150 of the short sidewall 130 is provided with a second liner channel 131, and the top cover liner 112 is provided with a top cover preheating channel 1121. The second liner channel 131 is connected to the top cover preheating channel 1121, and the second liner channel 131 has a second air inlet 1311 that communicates with the outside. Figure 1As shown, the top cover preheating channel 1121 has a second air outlet 1122 communicating with the interior of the box body 100; the base 200 is provided with multiple coal cake placement areas 210, and flue gas downcomers 220 are provided between adjacent coal cake placement areas 210. The box-type coking oven provided in this application embodiment significantly extends the air preheating path and increases the heat exchange area by setting two-stage preheating of the first outer shell channel 121 and the first inner lining channel 122 on the long side wall 120, and the second inner lining channel on the short side wall 130 and the top cover preheating channel 1121 in series for preheating, so that the air obtains a higher preheating temperature before entering the coking space inside the box body 100. High-temperature air can enhance the combustion reaction activity of raw coal gas, promote complete combustion, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the furnace, shortening the coking time, and saving energy. Specifically, during the coking process, external air enters through the first air inlet 1211 of the first outer shell channel 121 on the long side wall 120 and the second air inlet 1311 of the second inner lining channel on the short side wall 130. The air from the long side wall 120 is initially preheated by the first outer shell channel 121 before entering the first inner lining channel 122 for secondary preheating. The air from the short side wall 130, after being preheated by the second inner lining channel, continues to flow into the top cover preheating channel 1121 for further heating. Both air streams are fully preheated and then enter the housing 100 at a higher temperature through the first air outlet 1221 and the second air outlet 1122. Furthermore, as the air flows through the first outer shell channel 121, the first inner lining channel 122, the second inner lining channel 131, and the top cover preheating channel 1121, it absorbs heat that would otherwise be lost through the side walls of the housing 100 and the top cover 110. It reduces the outer surface temperature of the side wall of the enclosure 100 and the top cover 110, thereby reducing radiative heat loss and improving the operating environment temperature around the side wall of the enclosure 100 and the top cover 110.

[0048] In this embodiment, the power for air to enter the furnace comes from the suction generated by the lower flue. Under this action, the outside air must bypass coal cake A and fully mix and burn with the raw coal gas released from coal cake A. The exhaust gas produced by combustion then enters the lower flue through the flue gas downcomer 220. Therefore, compared to placing the flue gas downcomer 220 near the side wall of the box-type coking oven, arranging the flue gas downcomer 220 between the two rows of coal cakes A can minimize the risk of air short-circuiting, i.e., air being directly drawn into the flue gas downcomer 220 before it has been fully mixed with the raw coal gas, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0049] It should be noted that the coal briquettes can be arranged in two rows or multiple rows. The first air inlet 1211 and the second air inlet 1311 serve as air intakes, and their dimensions need to be calculated and determined based on the air flow rate. At the same time, the air inlet flow rate should be controlled to avoid being too high in order to reduce the flow resistance during the air inlet process.

[0050] For example, the box-type coking oven adopts a split and detachable structure. The box body 100 and the base 200 are detachably connected by bolts, clips, or positioning pins, adapting to the hoisting and transportation needs of mobile box-type coking processes. The side wall is located between the top cover 110 and the base 200. Optionally, the bottom of the side wall is provided with an insert plate 160, and the base 200 is provided with a slot corresponding to the insert plate 160. The insert plate 160 is inserted into the slot so that the box body 100 can be connected to the base 200. The box body 100 and the base 200 are sealed with sand to keep the inside of the box body 100 sealed. During production, negative pressure operation is adopted, which can reduce the emission of smoke and dust.

[0051] For example, the flue gas downhole 220 is connected to the lower flue of the box-type coking oven (not shown). The flue gas downhole 220 is used to discharge the raw coal gas and high-temperature flue gas generated during the coking process. An induced draft fan (not shown) is installed on the lower flue. Under the suction action of the induced draft fan, a negative pressure is formed inside the sealed box 100, which draws outside air into the first outer shell channel and the first inner lining channel 122 through the first air inlet 1211, and into the second inner lining channel 131 and the top cover preheating channel 1121 through the second air inlet 1311. The air then enters the coking space inside the box 100 and mixes with the raw coal gas released from the coal cake for combustion. Part of the heat generated by combustion is used for the dry distillation of the coal bricks, and the remaining heat is discharged with the flue gas from the flue gas downhole 220.

[0052] For example, the sidewall shell of the short sidewall 130 can be a solid steel plate or a hollow steel section. A through hole (not shown) is opened on the sidewall shell of the short sidewall 130. The through hole is connected to the second air inlet so that external air can be drawn into the second air inlet and thus enter the second liner channel.

[0053] For example, the sidewall lining 150 can be castable or refractory brick, and the top cover lining 112 can be castable or refractory brick. When the sidewall lining 150 is castable, the first lining channel and the second lining channel can be the inner cavity of a pre-set pipe in the castable; when the sidewall lining 150 is refractory brick, the first lining channel and the second lining channel can be formed by stacking refractory bricks.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, there are multiple first outer shell channels 121, first inner lining channels 122, second inner lining channels 131, and top cover preheating channels 1121; the multiple first outer shell channels 121 and the multiple first inner lining channels 122 are arranged side by side along the horizontal extension direction of the long sidewall 120; as shown Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the top cover preheating channel 1121 includes at least one main channel 1123 and multiple branch channels 1124. The branch channels 1124 are respectively connected to the main channel 1123 and the second inner lining channel 131. The main channel 1123 corresponds to the position of the flue gas downhole 220 in the vertical direction. The multiple second inner lining channels 131 are arranged side by side along the horizontal extension direction of the short side wall 130. In this embodiment, the multiple parallel first outer shell channel 121, first inner lining channel 122 and second inner lining channel 131 can make the preheating air evenly distributed in the horizontal direction, greatly increasing the heat exchange area between the air and the high-temperature side wall, and making the air preheating more thorough. The main channel 1123 corresponds to the position of the flue gas downhole 220 in the vertical direction, rather than directly facing the coal cake, so that the air entering from the second air outlet on the top cover 110 does not directly act on the coal cake, but reacts fully with the raw coal gas around the coal cake.

[0055] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the second air outlet 1122 is located on the main channel 1123. The main channel 1123 and the second air outlet 1122 extend in the same direction, both extending horizontally along the long side wall of the housing. The inlet of each branch channel 1124 is connected to a second inner lining channel 131, and the outlet of each branch channel 1124 is connected to the main channel 1123. The main channel 1123 then supplies air to the housing 100 through the second air outlet 1122. Optionally, the main channel 1123 is directly opposite the flue gas descending hole 220 in the height direction.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first air outlet 1221 is located at the bottom of the inner side surface of the sidewall lining 150 of the long sidewall 120. In this embodiment, the first air outlet 1221 is located at the bottom of the inner side surface of the sidewall lining 150 of the long sidewall 120, and the flue gas downhole 220 is arranged between adjacent coal cake placement areas 210. This ensures that air entering the housing 100 from the first air outlet 1221 must bypass the coal cake A to reach the flue gas downhole 220, effectively reducing the situation where air entering the housing 100 from the first air outlet 1221 enters the downhole without passing through the coal cake A. The air and the raw coal gas released from the coal cake A are fully mixed and burned evenly during the process of bypassing the coal cake, significantly improving the combustion effect.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the sidewall shell 140 of the long sidewall 120 includes multiple hollow steel sections 141, which are arranged side-by-side along the horizontal extension direction of the long sidewall 120. The inner cavity of the hollow steel section 141 forms a first shell channel 121. In this embodiment, the hollow steel section 141 serves as both the supporting frame of the sidewall shell of the long sidewall 120 and the first shell channel, eliminating the need for additional independent preheating components, simplifying the furnace structure, reducing processing and assembly difficulty, and lowering equipment costs. The hollow steel section 141 itself has high structural strength and can withstand the weight of the furnace and thermal stress. The air layer inside the hollow steel section 141 is a low thermal conductivity medium, forming a natural insulation layer, reducing the conduction of high temperature inside the furnace to the outside, lowering the temperature of the outer wall of the furnace, reducing heat loss, protecting the shell structure, and extending the service life of the furnace. The low outer wall temperature prevents workers from being burned during operation and improves the on-site working environment.

[0058] For example, adjacent hollow steel sections 141 can be connected by welding or bolting to form an integral frame, with both ends of each hollow steel section 141 sealed by welding. For instance, when the sidewall lining 150 is formed by stacking refractory bricks, the lower end of the hollow steel section 141 can be sealed by a brick support plate (not shown) for supporting the refractory bricks, and the upper end of the hollow steel section 141 can be sealed by a top cover 110. Of course, separate sealing plates can also be used to seal both ends of the hollow steel section 141, and this application does not limit this. The inner cavity of each hollow steel section 141 forms part of the first outer shell channel 121. The hollow steel section 141 can be a square steel tube, a rectangular tube, a round tube, or a special-shaped tube.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, among the multiple hollow steel sections 141, every two adjacent hollow steel sections 141 form a group. The two hollow steel sections 141 in each group have connecting holes (not shown) on their adjacent sidewalls to allow the inner cavities of the two hollow steel sections 141 to communicate with each other and form a deflecting airflow channel. One hollow steel section 141 has a first air inlet 1211, and the other hollow steel section 141 has an outlet that communicates with the first inner lining channel 122. The first inner lining channel 122 is arranged in a meandering or coiled manner in the inner lining 150 of the sidewall of the long sidewall 120. The second inner lining channel 131 is arranged in a meandering or coiled manner in the inner lining 150 of the sidewall of the short sidewall 130. In this embodiment, air enters the first hollow steel section 141 in each group of hollow steel sections 141 through the first air inlet 1211, flows into the second hollow steel section 141 through the connecting hole, and then enters the first inner lining channel 122 from the first transition outlet 1212 of the second hollow steel section 141. The airflow path is U-shaped or V-shaped, effectively extending the preheating length. The pairing and connection of the hollow steel sections 141 forms a compact folding preheating structure, which significantly extends the airflow distance in the metal cavity without increasing the outer shell thickness, thus improving preheating efficiency. The meandering or coiled design of the first inner lining channel 122 and the second inner lining channel 131 utilizes the heat storage capacity of the inner lining bricks, causing the air to fold back multiple times in the refractory material, resulting in a significant air temperature rise and more stable combustion.

[0060] It should be noted that, Figure 2 The arrows indicate the direction of airflow between two adjacent hollow steel sections 141.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the first gas outlet 1221 is arranged in at least two rows along the height direction. In this embodiment, by arranging the first gas outlet 1221 in layers along the height direction, segmented gas supply to different height sections of the coal cake can be achieved. Since the release rate and amount of raw coal gas in the upper, middle and lower parts of the coal cake differ during the coking process, segmented gas supply can allocate the air volume according to the actual needs of each section, thereby improving the uniformity of heating in the upper direction and reducing the difference in coke quality. At the same time, segmented heating can also reduce coke burn-off caused by local oxygen excess, improve thermal efficiency, and adapt to the changes in the amount of raw coal gas generated at different coking stages, making the combustion process more stable and controllable, thereby improving coke quality and extending furnace life.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12As shown, the first air outlet 1221 is shaped like a long groove or a trumpet; the second air outlet 1122 is also shaped like a long groove or a trumpet. If the air inlet area of ​​the box-type coke oven is too small, the air intake method will be similar to a "spray gun," forming a concentrated jet, which will aggravate the burn-off of coke. In this embodiment, to reduce coke burn-off, the long groove-shaped air outlet can form a uniform linear airflow along the entire length of the side wall or top cover 110, avoiding the "spray gun" type concentrated jet caused by the circular hole, thereby reducing the scouring and burn-off of coke by the local high-speed airflow. The trumpet-shaped air outlet can reduce the air outlet velocity, allowing the air to diffuse slowly, which is beneficial for uniform mixing with the raw coal gas. These shape choices further optimize the flow field inside the furnace, improving combustion efficiency and coke yield.

[0063] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, an air conditioning assembly 300 is provided on the long side wall 120 and / or the short side wall 130. The air conditioning assembly 300 includes multiple adjustment positions 310 arranged along the height direction and at least one damper 320. The damper 320 can be selectively installed at different adjustment positions 310 to adjust the area of ​​the damper 320 blocking the first air inlet 1211. During the coking process, if the air intake is insufficient, the raw coal gas cannot be fully combusted, and the released heat is insufficient to support the coal cake to complete the coking process, which not only reduces the thermal efficiency of the furnace but also prolongs the coking time. Conversely, if the air intake is too large, some of the excess air that does not participate in combustion will react with the coal cake or the already generated coke, causing coke burn-off and thus reducing the coke yield. Since the amount of raw coal gas released during the pyrolysis of the coal cake is difficult to control precisely, the reasonable regulation of the amount and path of external air intake plays a key role in improving the thermal efficiency of the box-type coke oven. The amount of raw coal gas released from the coal cake varies at different coking stages. To ensure that the amount of air introduced matches the amount of raw coal gas released from the coal cake, in this embodiment, the air conditioning component 300 allows the operator to flexibly adjust the air introduction amount based on actual operating conditions such as coal cake type, coking time, furnace temperature, and the amount of raw coal gas generated at different coking stages. This effectively controls the degree of combustion of the raw coal gas, reducing incomplete combustion due to insufficient air or coke burn-off due to excessive air. This avoids excessive combustion of raw coal gas and excessively high furnace temperature caused by excessive air introduction, while also reducing coke burn-off and ensuring that the coke is fully matured.

[0064] For example, multiple adjustment positions 310 can be slots, positioning holes, or scale plates arranged vertically on the side wall housing 140, and the damper 320 can be a sliding cover or a rotating valve. For instance, there are four adjustment positions 310, which are vertically arranged positioning holes on the side wall housing 140. The damper 320 has a positioning rod at its top, which can be inserted into positioning holes of different heights to adjust the height of the damper 320, thereby adjusting the area of ​​the damper 320 that it covers the first air inlet 1211 or the second air inlet 1311. For example, when the positioning rod is inserted into the topmost positioning hole, the first air inlet 1211 and the second air inlet 1311 are not obstructed at all; when the positioning rod is inserted into the bottommost positioning hole, the first air inlet 1211 and the second air inlet 1311 are completely obstructed. It should be noted that the damper 320 can be manually adjusted or connected to an electric or pneumatic actuator for automatic control.

[0065] In some embodiments, the sidewall also includes a sidewall insulation layer (not shown), which is disposed between the sidewall outer shell 140 and the sidewall inner lining 150. In this embodiment, the sidewall insulation layer can further reduce heat conduction and heat radiation to the outside through the sidewall, reduce heat loss of the furnace body, and improve thermal efficiency. The insulation layer and the air preheating channel are independent of each other but complementary in function: the preheating channel recovers some of the lost heat, while the insulation layer prevents the escape of the remaining heat.

[0066] For example, the sidewall insulation layer is made of aluminum silicate fiber, rock wool or high-temperature resistant insulation cotton, and is fitted and filled between the sidewall outer shell 140 and the sidewall inner lining 150.

[0067] In some embodiments, the sidewall shell 140 of the short sidewall 130 is provided with a second shell channel (not shown), the second shell channel having a third air inlet (not shown) communicating with the outside, and the second shell channel communicating with the second inner lining channel 131. In this embodiment, the addition of a second shell channel to the short sidewall 130 enables the short sidewall 130 to also have a two-stage preheating capability. This further extends the preheating path of the air on the short side, increases the preheating temperature, and is particularly suitable for large box-type coking ovens with long short sides.

[0068] For example, the second outer shell channel and the second inner lining channel 131 are connected in series. The second outer shell channel can be constructed from hollow steel 141 or formed by a sandwich cavity surrounded by steel plates. The second outer shell channel has a third air inlet communicating with the outside, and the second outer shell channel is connected to the second inner lining channel 131. The connection can be made by opening a connecting hole between the side wall outer shell 140 and the side wall lining 150, or by connecting through a transition cavity inside the short side wall 130. External air first enters the second outer shell channel through the third air inlet, undergoes preliminary preheating in the metal shell, then flows into the second inner lining channel 131 for secondary deep preheating in the refractory lining, and finally enters the top cover preheating channel 1121.

[0069] For example, such as Figure 13 As shown, the base 200 includes a base frame 230, a base refractory brick 240, and a carbon plate 250. The base refractory brick 240 is placed on the base frame 230, and the carbon plate 250 is placed on the base refractory brick 240. Coal cake A is placed on the carbon plate 250.

[0070] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, lifting lugs 410 are provided on the top cover 110 and the outer side of the side wall for lifting and moving the container 100 by the handling device. A reinforcing plate 420 may be provided between the top cover 110 and the side wall, and reinforcing ribs 430 (such as structural steel) are provided on the outer shell of the side wall of the short side wall to improve the structural strength.

[0071] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application are included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A box-type coking oven, characterized in that, include: A detachable housing (100) and a base (200) are provided. The housing (100) includes a top cover (110) and a plurality of side walls connected to the top cover (110). The plurality of side walls include a long side wall (120) and a short side wall (130). Each side wall includes a side wall shell (140) and a side wall liner (150). The top cover (110) includes a top cover shell (111) and a top cover liner (112). The sidewall shell (140) of the long sidewall (120) is provided with a first shell channel (121), and the sidewall lining (150) of the long sidewall (120) is provided with a first lining channel (122). The first shell channel (121) is connected to the first lining channel (122). The first shell channel (121) has a first air inlet (1211) connected to the outside, and the first lining channel (122) has a first air outlet (1221) connected to the inside of the box (100). The sidewall lining (150) of the short sidewall (130) is provided with a second lining channel (131), and the top cover lining (112) is provided with a top cover preheating channel (1121). The second lining channel (131) is connected to the top cover preheating channel (1121). The second lining channel (131) has a second air inlet (1311) connected to the outside. The top cover preheating channel (1121) has a second air outlet (1122) connected to the inside of the box (100). The base (200) is provided with multiple coal cake placement areas (210), and flue gas downholes (220) are provided between adjacent coal cake placement areas (210).

2. The box-type coking oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first outer shell channel (121), the first inner lining channel (122), the second inner lining channel (131), and the top cover preheating channel (1121) are all multiple; Multiple first outer shell channels (121) and multiple first inner lining channels (122) are arranged side by side along the horizontal extension direction of the long sidewall (120); The top cover preheating channel (1121) includes at least one main channel (1123) and multiple sub-channels (1124). The sub-channels (1124) are connected to the main channel (1123) and the second inner lining channel (131) respectively. The position of the main channel (1123) and the flue gas downhole (220) are vertically aligned. Multiple second lining channels (131) are arranged side by side along the horizontal extension direction of the short sidewall (130).

3. The box-type coking oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first air outlet (1221) is located at the bottom of the inner side of the sidewall liner (150) of the long sidewall (120).

4. The box-type coking oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewall shell (140) of the long sidewall (120) includes a plurality of hollow steel sections (141), which are arranged side by side along the horizontal extension direction of the long sidewall (120), and the inner cavity of the hollow steel section (141) forms the first shell channel (121).

5. The box-type coking oven according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the multiple hollow steel sections (141), every two adjacent hollow steel sections (141) form a group, and the two hollow steel sections (141) in each group have connecting holes on their adjacent side walls so that the inner cavities of the two hollow steel sections (141) can be connected to each other to form a deflecting airflow channel. One of the hollow steel sections (141) has the first air inlet (1211), and the other hollow steel section (141) has an outlet that communicates with the first lining channel (122); The first inner lining channel (122) is arranged in a meandering or coiled manner in the side wall lining (150) of the long side wall (120); The second inner lining channel (131) is arranged in a meandering or coiled manner in the side wall lining (150) of the short side wall (130).

6. The box-type coking oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first air outlet (1221) is configured in at least two rows along the height direction.

7. The box-type coking oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first air outlet (1221) is in the shape of a long groove or a trumpet; the second air outlet (1122) is in the shape of a long groove or a trumpet.

8. The box-type coking oven according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, An air conditioning assembly (300) is provided on the long side wall (120) and / or the short side wall (130). The air conditioning assembly (300) includes a plurality of adjustment positions (310) arranged along the height direction and at least one damper (320). The damper (320) can be selectively installed at different adjustment positions (310) to adjust the area of ​​the damper (320) covering the first air inlet (1211).

9. The box-type coking oven according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The sidewall also includes a sidewall insulation layer, which is disposed between the sidewall outer shell (140) and the sidewall inner lining (150).

10. The box-type coking oven according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The sidewall shell (140) of the short sidewall (130) is provided with a second shell channel, the second shell channel having a third air inlet communicating with the outside, and the second shell channel communicating with the second inner lining channel (131).

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