A type of cathodic protection pile

Abstract

This invention provides a cathodic protection pile, comprising: a cathodic protection detection module with an Ag2S reference electrode, a test pile body, a renewable energy power supply module, a potential acquisition circuit with range switching function, a main control module, and a wireless transmission module. The renewable energy power supply module, the potential acquisition circuit, the main control module, and the wireless transmission module are all installed on the test pile body. The cathodic protection detection module is electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit, and the renewable energy power supply module, the potential acquisition circuit, and the wireless transmission module are all electrically connected to the main control module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of corrosion prevention and inspection technology for buried metal pipelines, and in particular to a cathodic protection pile. Background Technology

[0002] Existing cathodic protection posts have significant drawbacks: 1. They commonly use Cu / CuSO4 reference electrodes, which are prone to clogging at the liquid junction, have unstable potentials, are greatly affected by the environment, have short service lives (1-2 years), and high maintenance costs; 2. Data transmission is inconvenient, and some intelligent devices suffer from unstable communication and data loss during network outages; 3. Field power supply requires additional auxiliary components, resulting in complex structures, insufficient power supply stability, and impacting monitoring continuity; 4. The potential acquisition circuit has a fixed range, which easily leads to problems such as exceeding the range in small ranges and low accuracy in large ranges, making it impossible to guarantee acquisition accuracy across the entire range. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cathodic protection pile to address the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A cathodic protection pile includes: a cathodic protection detection module with an Ag2S reference electrode, a test pile body, a renewable energy power supply module, a potential acquisition circuit with range switching function, a main control module, and a wireless transmission module. The renewable energy power supply module, the potential acquisition circuit, the main control module, and the wireless transmission module are all installed on the test pile body. The cathodic protection detection module is electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit, and the renewable energy power supply module, the potential acquisition circuit, and the wireless transmission module are all electrically connected to the main control module.

[0005] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: It designs an intelligent cathodic protection pile with full-range high-precision remote data transmission using an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode. Replacing traditional electrodes with an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode eliminates the problem of liquid junction blockage, is less affected by the environment, and provides accurate measurements. It solves the problems of poor performance, unstable data transmission, and insufficient power supply adaptability of existing cathodic protection pile reference electrodes. By using an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode, combined with a renewable energy power supply module, a wireless transmission module, and a high-precision potential acquisition circuit with range switching function, it achieves accurate acquisition, real-time transmission, and anomaly early warning of pipeline cathodic protection data. This simplifies the structure, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and is suitable for unattended outdoor scenarios. It is applicable to accurate monitoring of the cathodic protection status of buried metal pipelines such as oil and gas pipelines and water supply pipelines. The use of a renewable energy power supply module for autonomous power supply and a wireless transmission module for remote transmission adapts to complex scenarios in the field where there is no mains power and no one is on duty. Based on the range switching design of the potential acquisition circuit with range switching function, it breaks the range limitation of traditional acquisition circuits. It can intelligently switch the acquisition range according to the actual potential signal, maintain stable high accuracy throughout the entire range, adapt to the pipeline potential acquisition needs of different soil environments and different protection states, and has a wider range of applicable scenarios.

[0006] Furthermore, the cathodic protection detection module includes: an Ag2S reference electrode, a polarization test piece, and a pipe connection point, wherein the Ag2S reference electrode, the polarization test piece, and the pipe connection point are all electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit.

[0007] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that it enables the design of a full-range, high-precision, remote data transmission intelligent cathodic protection post using an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode. By replacing the traditional electrode with an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode, the Ag2S reference electrode avoids liquid junction blockage issues, is less affected by environmental factors, and provides more accurate measurements.

[0008] Furthermore, the pipe connection point is connected to a pipe, and the positions of the Ag2S reference electrode and the polarized sample are both adjacent to the pipe.

[0009] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that it enables the design of a full-range, high-precision, remote data transmission intelligent cathodic protection post using an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode. By replacing the traditional electrode with an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode, the Ag2S reference electrode avoids liquid junction blockage issues, is less affected by environmental factors, and provides more accurate measurements.

[0010] Furthermore, both the Ag2S reference electrode and the polarized sample are located on one side of the pipeline, with the distance between the Ag2S reference electrode and the pipeline ranging from 30 to 50 cm; the Ag2S reference electrode is an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode with no liquid junction; and the polarized sample is made of X80 steel.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are that the Ag2S reference electrode has a liquid-free junction design, potential stability ≤ ±1.5mV, a small temperature coefficient, minimal susceptibility to environmental influences, a service life ≥ 6 years, and a relative deviation of less than 2.5%. The Ag2S reference electrode eliminates the problem of liquid-free junction blockage, is less affected by environmental factors, and provides accurate measurements. The polarized test piece is buried 30-50cm below the side of the pipeline to collect pipeline potential and current data, eliminating IR drop interference.

[0012] Furthermore, the potential acquisition circuit includes: an ADC acquisition unit and a data preprocessing unit with a range switching circuit. The ADC acquisition unit is equipped with an ADC chip, and the data preprocessing unit is equipped with a switching chip. Both the ADC acquisition unit and the data preprocessing unit are electrically connected to the main control module.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are that the switching chip enables intelligent switching of the acquisition range, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed-range acquisition, ensuring that the equipment maintains high accuracy throughout the entire potential acquisition range, and further reducing the overall measurement error to ≤±5mV. Introducing the GAQW214EH switching chip into the cathodic protection potential acquisition circuit enables intelligent range switching, ensuring that the product maintains high-precision acquisition across the entire range, resolving the contradiction between range and accuracy in traditional acquisition circuits. The range switching design based on the GAQW214EH switching chip breaks the range limitations of traditional acquisition circuits, intelligently switching the acquisition range according to the actual potential signal, maintaining stable high accuracy throughout the entire range, adapting to the pipeline potential acquisition needs of different soil environments and different protection states, and thus having a wider range of applicable scenarios.

[0014] Furthermore, the main control module is a microcontroller, and the main control module is equipped with a CPU main control circuit; the wireless transmission module includes a 4G module and an antenna, both of which are installed on the test pile body, the 4G module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the antenna is electrically connected to the 4G module.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are that the use of 12V solar power for self-powered operation and 4G remote transmission adapts to complex scenarios in the field where there is no mains power and no one is on duty. The main control module uses a microcontroller to connect all modules, and can remotely adjust the detection frequency (adjustable from 1 to 24 hours) and process data. The 4G module has full network compatibility, a transmission rate of ≥1Mbps, supports offline caching (local storage of ≥1 year of data), remote control and OTA upgrades, and automatic early warning push when data exceeds the threshold (-0.85V--1.20V). 4G intelligent transmission enables real-time data transmission and remote operation and maintenance. 4G full network compatibility enables real-time remote transmission, offline caching ensures no data loss, and remote control and OTA upgrades reduce the difficulty of operation and maintenance.

[0016] Furthermore, the renewable energy power supply module includes: a solar panel and a lithium battery with an integrated power controller. Both the solar panel and the lithium battery with the integrated power controller are installed on the test pile. The lithium battery with the integrated power controller is electrically connected to the solar panel and the main control module respectively through shielded armored wires. The lithium battery with the integrated power controller contains both a power controller and a lithium battery.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are that it utilizes 12V solar power for independent power supply and 4G remote transmission, making it suitable for complex scenarios in the field where there is no mains power and no one is on duty. It employs a 12V integrated solar panel, which integrates power conversion, storage, and protection functions, eliminating the need for additional auxiliary power supply components. Installed on top of the test pile, the angle is adjustable, and it can provide continuous power for more than 72 hours without sunlight, ensuring uninterrupted 24-hour operation of the equipment. This simplifies the structure and improves stability.

[0018] Furthermore, the test pile is provided with a wiring port and a main control compartment. The cathodic protection detection module is electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit through the wiring port. Both the potential acquisition circuit and the main control module are installed in the main control compartment.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are that the wiring interface facilitates circuit connection and maintenance. The main control compartment is used to install circuit boards and components, which facilitates installation and maintenance, and improves stability and reliability.

[0020] Furthermore, a fixed base is installed at the bottom of the test pile; the test pile is made of carbon steel or fiberglass; the fixed base is made of C30 concrete.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are that it uses carbon steel / fiberglass anti-corrosion material with an IP68 protection rating, which can withstand extreme temperature differences of -40℃ to +85℃. The fixed base is used to support the test pile.

[0022] Furthermore, the wireless transmission module is wirelessly connected to an operating platform with early warning capabilities.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: the 4G module is fully compatible across all networks, with a transmission rate of ≥1Mbps; it supports offline caching (local storage of ≥1 year of data), remote control and OTA upgrades; and automatic early warning push for data exceeding thresholds (-0.85V to 1.20V). 4G intelligent transmission enables real-time data transmission and remote operation and maintenance. Parameters can be remotely adjusted, and automatic anomaly warnings are available, eliminating the need for on-site monitoring and improving monitoring convenience and efficiency.

[0024] The advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the cathodic protection pile provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the cathodic protection pile provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Ag2S reference electrode; 2. Polarized test piece; 3. Pipe connection point; 4. Pipe; 5. Fixing base; 6. Test pile; 7. Wiring port; 8. Main control compartment; 9. CPU main control circuit; 10. Potential acquisition circuit; 11. 4G module; 12. Antenna; 13. Solar panel; 14. Lithium battery with integrated power controller. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0032] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a cathodic protection pile, including: a cathodic protection detection module with an Ag2S reference electrode 1, a test pile body 6, a renewable energy power supply module, a potential acquisition circuit 10 with range switching function, a main control module, and a wireless transmission module. The renewable energy power supply module, the potential acquisition circuit 10, the main control module, and the wireless transmission module are all installed on the test pile body 6. The cathodic protection detection module is electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit 10, and the renewable energy power supply module, the potential acquisition circuit 10, and the wireless transmission module are all electrically connected to the main control module.

[0036] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: It designs an intelligent cathodic protection pile with full-range high-precision remote data transmission using an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode. Replacing traditional electrodes with an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode eliminates the problem of liquid junction blockage, is less affected by the environment, and provides accurate measurements. It solves the problems of poor performance, unstable data transmission, and insufficient power supply adaptability of existing cathodic protection pile reference electrodes. By using an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode, combined with a renewable energy power supply module, a wireless transmission module, and a high-precision potential acquisition circuit with range switching function, it achieves accurate acquisition, real-time transmission, and anomaly early warning of pipeline cathodic protection data. This simplifies the structure, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and is suitable for unattended outdoor scenarios. It is applicable to accurate monitoring of the cathodic protection status of buried metal pipelines such as oil and gas pipelines and water supply pipelines. The use of a renewable energy power supply module for autonomous power supply and a wireless transmission module for remote transmission adapts to complex scenarios in the field where there is no mains power and no one is on duty. Based on the range switching design of the potential acquisition circuit with range switching function, it breaks the range limitation of traditional acquisition circuits. It can intelligently switch the acquisition range according to the actual potential signal, maintain stable high accuracy throughout the entire range, adapt to the pipeline potential acquisition needs of different soil environments and different protection states, and has a wider range of applicable scenarios.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cathodic protection detection module further includes: an Ag2S reference electrode 1, a polarization test piece 2, and a pipe connection point 3. The Ag2S reference electrode 1, the polarization test piece 2, and the pipe connection point 3 are all electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit.

[0038] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that it enables the design of a full-range, high-precision, remote data transmission intelligent cathodic protection post using an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode. By replacing the traditional electrode with an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode, the Ag2S reference electrode avoids liquid junction blockage issues, is less affected by environmental factors, and provides more accurate measurements.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pipe connection point 3 is connected to the pipe 4, and the positions of the Ag2S reference electrode 1 and the polarized sample 2 are both adjacent to the pipe 4.

[0040] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that it enables the design of a full-range, high-precision, remote data transmission intelligent cathodic protection post using an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode. By replacing the traditional electrode with an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode, the Ag2S reference electrode avoids liquid junction blockage issues, is less affected by environmental factors, and provides more accurate measurements.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, further, both the Ag2S reference electrode 1 and the polarized sample 2 are located on one side of the pipe 4, and the distance between the Ag2S reference electrode 1 and the pipe is in the range of 30-50cm; the Ag2S reference electrode 1 is an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode, and the Ag2S reference electrode 1 has no liquid junction; the polarized sample 2 is made of X80 steel.

[0042] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are that the Ag2S reference electrode has a liquid-free junction design, potential stability ≤ ±1.5mV, a small temperature coefficient, minimal susceptibility to environmental influences, a service life ≥ 6 years, and a relative deviation of less than 2.5%. The Ag2S reference electrode eliminates the problem of liquid-free junction blockage, is less affected by environmental factors, and provides accurate measurements. The polarized test piece is buried 30-50cm below the side of the pipeline to collect pipeline potential and current data, eliminating IR drop interference.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the potential acquisition circuit 10 further includes: an ADC acquisition unit and a data preprocessing unit with a range switching circuit. The ADC acquisition unit is provided with an ADC chip, and the data preprocessing unit is provided with a switching chip. Both the ADC acquisition unit and the data preprocessing unit are electrically connected to the main control module.

[0044] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are that the switching chip enables intelligent switching of the acquisition range, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed-range acquisition, ensuring that the equipment maintains high accuracy throughout the entire potential acquisition range, and further reducing the overall measurement error to ≤±5mV. Introducing the GAQW214EH switching chip into the cathodic protection potential acquisition circuit enables intelligent range switching, ensuring that the product maintains high-precision acquisition across the entire range, resolving the contradiction between range and accuracy in traditional acquisition circuits. The range switching design based on the GAQW214EH switching chip breaks the range limitations of traditional acquisition circuits, intelligently switching the acquisition range according to the actual potential signal, maintaining stable high accuracy throughout the entire range, adapting to the pipeline potential acquisition needs of different soil environments and different protection states, and thus having a wider range of applicable scenarios.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the main control module is a microcontroller, and the main control module is equipped with a CPU main control circuit 9; the wireless transmission module includes a 4G module 11 and an antenna 12. The 4G module 11 and the antenna 12 are both installed on the test pile 6. The 4G module 11 is electrically connected to the main control module, and the antenna 12 is electrically connected to the 4G module 11.

[0046] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are that the use of 12V solar power for self-powered operation and 4G remote transmission adapts to complex scenarios in the field where there is no mains power and no one is on duty. The main control module uses a microcontroller to connect all modules, and can remotely adjust the detection frequency (adjustable from 1 to 24 hours) and process data. The 4G module has full network compatibility, a transmission rate of ≥1Mbps, supports offline caching (local storage of ≥1 year of data), remote control and OTA upgrades, and automatic early warning push when data exceeds the threshold (-0.85V--1.20V). 4G intelligent transmission enables real-time data transmission and remote operation and maintenance. 4G full network compatibility enables real-time remote transmission, offline caching ensures no data loss, and remote control and OTA upgrades reduce the difficulty of operation and maintenance.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the renewable energy power supply module further includes: a solar panel 13 and a lithium battery 14 with an integrated power controller. The solar panel 13 and the lithium battery 14 with the integrated power controller are both installed on the test pile body 6. The lithium battery 14 with the integrated power controller is electrically connected to the solar panel 13 and the main control module through shielded armored wires. The lithium battery 14 with the integrated power controller contains a power controller and a lithium battery.

[0048] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are that it utilizes 12V solar power for independent power supply and 4G remote transmission, making it suitable for complex scenarios in the field where there is no mains power and no one is on duty. It employs a 12V integrated solar panel, which integrates power conversion, storage, and protection functions, eliminating the need for additional auxiliary power supply components. Installed on top of the test pile, the angle is adjustable, and it can provide continuous power for more than 72 hours without sunlight, ensuring uninterrupted 24-hour operation of the equipment. This simplifies the structure and improves stability.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the test pile body 6 is further provided with a wiring port 7 and a main control compartment 8. The cathodic protection detection module is electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit 10 through the wiring port 7. The potential acquisition circuit 10 and the main control module are both installed in the main control compartment 8.

[0050] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are that the wiring interface facilitates circuit connection and maintenance. The main control compartment is used to install circuit boards and components, which facilitates installation and maintenance, and improves stability and reliability.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the test pile 6 is further equipped with a fixed base 5; the test pile 6 is made of carbon steel or fiberglass; the fixed base 5 is made of C30 concrete.

[0052] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are that it uses carbon steel / fiberglass anti-corrosion material with an IP68 protection rating, which can withstand extreme temperature differences of -40℃ to +85℃. The fixed base is used to support the test pile.

[0053] Furthermore, the wireless transmission module is wirelessly connected to an operating platform with early warning capabilities.

[0054] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: the 4G module is fully compatible across all networks, with a transmission rate of ≥1Mbps; it supports offline caching (local storage of ≥1 year of data), remote control and OTA upgrades; and automatic early warning push for data exceeding thresholds (-0.85V to 1.20V). 4G intelligent transmission enables real-time data transmission and remote operation and maintenance. Parameters can be remotely adjusted, and automatic anomaly warnings are available, eliminating the need for on-site monitoring and improving monitoring convenience and efficiency.

[0055] This invention belongs to the field of buried metal pipeline corrosion detection technology and is suitable for precise monitoring of the cathodic protection status of buried metal pipelines such as oil and gas pipelines and water supply pipelines. It adopts 12V solar power supply and 4G remote transmission, making it suitable for complex scenarios in the field where there is no mains power and no one is on duty. It solves the problems of poor performance of existing cathodic protection pile reference electrodes, unstable data transmission, and insufficient power supply adaptability. It adopts an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode, combined with 12V integrated solar power supply, 4G transmission, and a high-precision potential acquisition circuit (cathode protection acquisition circuit) with range switching function, to achieve accurate acquisition, real-time transmission, and anomaly early warning of pipeline cathodic protection data. It simplifies the structure, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and is suitable for unattended scenarios in the field.

[0056] The core of this invention is to use an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode as the detection core, and integrate a 12V integrated solar power supply, a 4G transmission module and an intelligent range switching circuit to achieve an integrated and intelligent design. The specific solution is as follows.

[0057] Integrated structure and protection: It integrates a single pile body, cathodic protection detection module, 12V solar power supply module, 4G transmission module, and main control module, without simple splicing; the pile body is made of carbon steel / fiberglass anti-corrosion material, with a protection level of IP68, which can withstand extreme temperature differences of -40℃ to +85℃. It is equipped with a fixed base 5 at the bottom, and the wiring cavity is waterproof and sealed, making it suitable for complex outdoor environments.

[0058] The core detection module includes an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode, a cathodic protection test piece (polarized test piece 2), a high-precision ADC acquisition unit, and a data preprocessing unit with range switching circuitry. The Ag2S reference electrode 1 features a liquid-free interface design, with potential stability ≤ ±1.5mV, a small temperature coefficient, minimal environmental influence, a service life ≥ 6 years, and a relative deviation of less than 2.5%. The test piece (polarized test piece 2) is buried 30-50cm below the side of the pipeline to collect pipeline potential and current data, eliminating IR drop interference. The GAQW214EH switching chip enables intelligent range switching, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed-range acquisition, ensuring high accuracy across the entire potential acquisition range, and further reducing the overall measurement error to ≤ ±5mV.

[0059] 12V integrated solar power supply: It adopts a 12V integrated solar panel, which integrates power conversion, storage and protection functions. No additional auxiliary power supply components are required. It is installed on the top of the pile (test pile 6) and the angle can be adjusted. It can provide power for more than 72 hours without sunlight, ensuring that the equipment can work uninterruptedly for 24 hours.

[0060] Intelligent control and 4G transmission: The main control module adopts a microcontroller to connect various modules, and can remotely adjust the detection frequency (adjustable from 1 to 24 hours) and process data; the 4G module is fully network compatible, with a transmission rate of ≥1Mbps, supports offline caching (local storage of ≥1 year of data), remote control and OTA upgrade, and automatic early warning push when data exceeds the threshold (-0.85V--1.20V).

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The block diagram shown illustrates the hardware architecture of a solar-powered online monitoring system for cathodic protection. It consists of four core modules, which work together to complete the entire process of data acquisition, processing, and transmission. This system is suitable for monitoring the cathodic protection status of pipelines, steel structures, and other structures in outdoor environments without mains power.

[0062] Composition and functions of each module 1. Solar panel power supply module Composition: Solar panel, power controller, lithium battery.

[0063] Function: Utilizes solar photovoltaic power generation, which is regulated and managed by the power controller to continuously supply power to the entire equipment; lithium batteries provide energy storage to ensure uninterrupted operation of the equipment in low-light environments such as rainy days and nights.

[0064] 2.4G wireless communication module Components: 485 communication circuit, antenna.

[0065] Function: It can communicate with the main control module through 485 communication and remotely upload data wirelessly by relying on 4G network and antenna to transmit monitoring data to the back-end platform.

[0066] 3. Main control module (core processing unit) Composition: CPU main control circuit, GAQT214EH range switching and cathode protection acquisition circuit.

[0067] Functions: The CPU coordinates the overall logic control of the machine; a dedicated acquisition circuit with range switching function accurately receives front-end detection signals and completes analog-to-digital conversion and calculation of cathodic protection current and voltage data.

[0068] 4. Cathodic protection detection module (sensing terminal) Composition: polarized sample, Ag2S reference electrode.

[0069] Function: As a field sensing unit, it collects electrical signals under cathodic protection conditions in real time and uploads them to the main control module in the form of current and voltage data to provide feedback on the actual status of metal corrosion protection.

[0070] System signal and power supply logic 1. Power supply link: Solar panel module - main control module, providing a stable power supply for the core control and acquisition unit.

[0071] 2. Data Acquisition Link: Cathodic Protection Detection Module (Field Sensing) - Main Control Module (Signal Acquisition and Processing).

[0072] 3. Communication link: Main control module - 4G module (485 serial communication) to realize remote uploading of local data and remote command issuance.

[0073] System core advantages 1. It adopts independent solar power supply, which is suitable for outdoor and remote industrial scenarios, reducing wiring and power supply costs.

[0074] 2. Equipped with a range switching acquisition circuit, it can adapt to cathodic protection data monitoring under different working conditions, and the acquisition accuracy is higher.

[0075] 3. By combining 4G remote transmission, unattended operation and all-weather online monitoring can be achieved, improving the level of intelligent operation and maintenance of cathodic protection.

[0076] Key Inventions: The invention utilizes an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode to replace traditional electrodes, overcoming their performance deficiencies and filling an application gap. A 12V integrated solar power supply simplifies the structure and improves stability. The integrated design ensures strong synergy among modules. 4G intelligent transmission enables real-time data transmission and remote maintenance. The introduction of a GAQW214EH switching chip in the cathode potential acquisition circuit enables intelligent range switching, ensuring high-precision acquisition across the entire range and resolving the contradiction between range and accuracy in traditional acquisition circuits.

[0077] Beneficial effects: 1. High detection accuracy and strong stability: The Ag2S reference electrode has no liquid junction blockage problem, is less affected by the environment, and has accurate measurement; the GAQW214EH switch chip realizes high-precision acquisition across the entire range, and the dual protection makes the detection data more accurate and greatly improves the stability of product data.

[0078] 2. Highly efficient and reliable data transmission: 4G full network compatibility enables real-time remote transmission, offline caching ensures no data loss, and remote control and OTA upgrades reduce maintenance difficulty.

[0079] 3. Excellent power supply adaptability: The 12V integrated solar power supply has a simple structure and stable power supply. No additional auxiliary components are required, making it perfectly suitable for outdoor scenarios without mains power.

[0080] 4. High integration and practicality: The integrated structure makes installation convenient, the high protection level is suitable for harsh outdoor environments, and the wiring and sealing are optimized to extend the service life of the equipment.

[0081] 5. High level of intelligence: Parameters can be adjusted remotely and anomalies can be detected automatically without on-site supervision, improving the convenience and efficiency of monitoring.

[0082] 6. Excellent range adaptability and high precision across the entire range: Based on the range switching design of the GAQW214EH switch chip, it breaks the range limitation of traditional acquisition circuits and can intelligently switch the acquisition range according to the actual potential signal. It maintains stable high precision across the entire range, adapting to the pipeline potential acquisition needs of different soil environments and different protection states, and has a wider range of applicable scenarios.

[0083] Example Component selection: The pile body (test pile body 6) is made of carbon steel (with anti-corrosion paint treatment), 3 meters high, with an outer diameter of Φ108mm and a protection level of IP68.

[0084] Ag2S reference electrode 1 has a service life of ≥6 years, and the cathodic protection test piece (polarization test piece 2) is made of X80 steel (5cm). 2 The ADC chip is ADS1248, and the potential acquisition circuit is equipped with GAQW214EH switch chip; the main controller is STM32F407 microcontroller, paired with a 12V 50W solar panel and a full network 4G module.

[0085] Installation and commissioning: One unit is deployed every 1-3 kilometers along the pipeline, with additional units at key locations; the pile is fixed to a C30 concrete base (fixed base 5), and the Ag2S test piece (Ag2S reference electrode) is buried 30-50cm on the side of the pipeline; the solar panel 13 is installed facing south, the cable is a shielded armored cable, and the joints are waterproofed; the electrode accuracy is debugged and calibrated, and the threshold and detection frequency are set.

[0086] Operation mode: Solar powered, the detection module collects data at a preset frequency, and after processing, the data is transmitted to the platform every 60 minutes by the 4G module. Automatic warning is given for abnormal data, enabling 24-hour unattended operation.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cathodic protection pile, characterized in that, include: The test pile includes a cathodic protection detection module with an Ag2S reference electrode (1), a test pile (6), a renewable energy power supply module, a potential acquisition circuit (10) with range switching function, a main control module, and a wireless transmission module. The renewable energy power supply module, the potential acquisition circuit (10), the main control module, and the wireless transmission module are all installed on the test pile (6). The cathodic protection detection module is electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit (10), and the renewable energy power supply module, the potential acquisition circuit (10), and the wireless transmission module are all electrically connected to the main control module.

2. The cathodic protection pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cathodic protection detection module includes: an Ag2S reference electrode (1), a polarization test piece (2), and a pipe connection point (3). The Ag2S reference electrode (1), the polarization test piece (2), and the pipe connection point (3) are all electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit.

3. A cathodic protection pile according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pipe connection point (3) is connected to the pipe (4), and the positions of the Ag2S reference electrode (1) and the polarized test piece (2) are adjacent to the pipe.

4. A cathodic protection pile according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Ag2S reference electrode (1) and the polarization test piece (2) are both located on one side of the pipeline. The distance between the Ag2S reference electrode (1) and the pipeline is 30-50cm. The Ag2S reference electrode (1) is an all-solid-state Ag2S reference electrode with no liquid junction. The polarization test piece (2) is made of X80 steel.

5. A cathodic protection pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The potential acquisition circuit (10) includes: an ADC acquisition unit and a data preprocessing unit with a range switching circuit. The ADC acquisition unit is equipped with an ADC chip, and the data preprocessing unit is equipped with a switching chip. Both the ADC acquisition unit and the data preprocessing unit are electrically connected to the main control module.

6. A cathodic protection pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module is a microcontroller, and the main control module is equipped with a CPU main control circuit (9); the wireless transmission module includes a 4G module (11) and an antenna (12). The 4G module (11) and the antenna (12) are both installed on the test pile (6). The 4G module (11) is electrically connected to the main control module, and the antenna (12) is electrically connected to the 4G module (11).

7. A cathodic protection pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The renewable energy power supply module includes a solar panel (13) and a lithium battery (14) with an integrated power controller. The solar panel (13) and the lithium battery (14) with the integrated power controller are both installed on the test pile (6). The lithium battery (14) with the integrated power controller is electrically connected to the solar panel (13) and the main control module through shielded armored wires. The lithium battery (14) with the integrated power controller contains a power controller and a lithium battery.

8. A cathodic protection pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test pile body (6) is provided with a wiring port (7) and a main control compartment (8). The cathodic protection detection module is electrically connected to the potential acquisition circuit (10) through the wiring port (7). The potential acquisition circuit (10) and the main control module are both installed in the main control compartment (8).

9. A cathodic protection pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the test pile (6) is equipped with a fixed base (5); the test pile (6) is made of carbon steel or fiberglass; the fixed base (5) is made of C30 concrete.

10. A cathodic protection pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless transmission module is wirelessly connected to an operating platform with early warning capabilities.

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