Spinning equipment for multi-component composite conductive fibers

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of spinning equipment technology, and discloses a spinning device for multi-component composite conductive fibers, including a melt spinning machine. A screw extruder is mounted on top of the melt spinning machine, and the screw extruder adds composite materials through multiple feeding hoppers. A control box is located on one side of the front end of the melt spinning machine. By adding and setting a filter switching mechanism, during the spinning process of multi-component composite conductive fibers, this mechanism employs a three-stage gradient filtration structure to progressively intercept filler agglomerates and thermally degraded impurities of different particle sizes in the melt, preventing large particles from directly impacting and clogging downstream precision channels and spinneret micro-orifices, thus extending the continuous operating cycle of the filter components. Furthermore, the dual-station structure supports uninterrupted online switching, eliminating the need for machine shutdown and filter element replacement, thus avoiding frequent interruptions to production and reducing damage to equipment components caused by disassembly and assembly operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spinning equipment technology, specifically to a spinning equipment for multi-component composite conductive fibers. Background Technology

[0002] Industries such as petroleum, chemical, precision machinery, printing, food, electronics, and pharmaceuticals all have strict standards for electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection in their production environments. Protective clothing and gloves worn by operators can easily generate static charges due to friction, attracting micro-dust particles from the environment. In electronics manufacturing, this can cause short circuits in integrated circuits and component breakdowns; in precision instruments and machinery, it can lead to equipment malfunctions and accuracy abnormalities; and in flammable and explosive petrochemical environments, there is a risk of ESD-induced safety accidents. Therefore, stable antistatic protective materials are a core foundation for ensuring production safety and product quality.

[0003] Composite conductive fibers are currently the core substrate for preparing antistatic protective materials. These fibers use fiber-forming polymers as the matrix, and conductive materials are integrated into the fiber structure through composite spinning technology. This allows the fiber to locally carry conductive components, providing both stable electrostatic discharge capabilities and retaining the excellent spinnability and processability of ordinary synthetic fibers. They can be further processed into antistatic nonwoven fabrics and antistatic clothing, making them widely used functional fibers in the field of industrial electrostatic protection. To adapt to different protection scenarios, the industry often selects carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and metal powders as conductive fillers, which are blended with fiber-forming polymers and then spun into fibers.

[0004] However, the large-scale production of such composite conductive fibers still faces significant technical bottlenecks. Multi-component nanoscale conductive fillers, such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and metal powders, have large specific surface areas and high surface energies. Even when pre-formed into conductive masterbatches, micron-sized agglomerates still exist within them, unable to pass through the spinneret micropores and easily accumulating at the pore inlet. The density of metal powder conductive fillers is much higher than that of the polymer matrix, easily settling and agglomerating in the melt delivery pipes and spinning components, gradually forming large particles and causing blockages. Once blockage occurs in the feed pipe or spinneret, it often requires shutdown and disassembly for cleaning, which not only disrupts the production rhythm and reduces production efficiency but also easily damages equipment components during the disassembly process, directly restricting the production stability and cost control level of composite conductive fibers. Therefore, those skilled in the art have proposed a spinning device for multi-component composite conductive fibers to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a spinning device for multi-component composite conductive fibers, which solves the problem of clogging caused by multi-component conductive fillers during processing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a spinning device for multi-component composite conductive fibers, comprising, The melt spinning machine has a screw extruder at the top, which adds composite materials through multiple feeding hoppers. A control box is installed on one side of the front end of the melt spinning machine. A display control panel is installed in the upper middle part of the front end of the melt spinning machine to display and control the status of processing parameters during the spinning process. Multiple spinning heads are installed on the melt spinning machine. The filter switching mechanism is located on one side of the screw extruder and is used for filtering the molten material extruded by the screw extruder and for switching the output when it is clogged. The homogenizing and dispersing mechanism is located on one side of the melt spinning machine and is used to homogenize and disperse the micron-sized micro-agglomerates remaining in the melt material after the filtration and switching mechanism has been processed. The turbulence oscillation mechanism is located on one side of the melt spinning machine. It is used to turbulence and vibrate the melt material after it has been processed by the homogenization dispersion mechanism during the conveying process, so as to avoid the melt material from settling due to gravity during low-speed conveying and forming local high-concentration agglomerates that block the pipes and spinnerets. The pressure-stabilizing feeding mechanism is installed inside the melt spinning machine and is used to stabilize and convey the melt material after it has been processed by the turbulence vibration mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the filtration switching mechanism includes a rotary feed distribution valve. The melt outlet of the screw extruder is connected to the feed end of the rotary feed distribution valve through a connecting pipe and a flange. The bottom of the rotary feed distribution valve is provided with two independent filter cylinders, and the two discharge ports of the rotary feed distribution valve are respectively connected to the filter chambers in the two independent filter cylinders.

[0008] Preferably, the filtration switching mechanism further includes a flow chamber. Each of the independent filter cylinders has a flow chamber inside, and each flow chamber is equipped with a filter assembly. The filter assembly is coaxially nested with the interior of the corresponding independent filter cylinder. The filter assembly consists of a coarse filter layer, a medium filter layer, and a fine filter layer from top to bottom. The coarse filter layer is made of porous ceramic material, the medium filter layer is made of metal fiber sintered felt, and the fine filter layer is made of multi-layer metal sintered mesh.

[0009] Preferably, the filter switching mechanism further includes a differential pressure sensor. A differential pressure sensor is installed at the inlet and outlet of each of the two independent filter cylinders. The differential pressure sensor is communicatively connected to the display control panel. A backflushing drain port is installed at the bottom of the internal cavity of each independent filter cylinder. The high-pressure nitrogen interface of the backflushing drain port is connected to the waste collection tank.

[0010] Preferably, the homogenizing and dispersing mechanism includes a homogenizing box, which is provided on the top of one side of the melt spinning machine. The homogenizing box has a conical cavity inside, and the inside of the conical cavity is connected to the inside of two independent filter cylinders at the top. Multiple stator ring seats are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the inner wall of the conical cavity. A conical rotor shear seat is provided inside the conical cavity. A drive motor is provided at the top center of the homogenizing box. The output end of the drive motor is connected to the top of the conical rotor shear seat through a magnetic sealing transmission component. Both the stator ring seats and the conical rotor shear seat in the conical cavity have a multi-layer toothed ring interlaced structure, and a continuous micron-level shearing slit is formed between their teeth. The conical rotor shear seat is adjustable and the stator-rotor gap can be finely adjusted axially. A temperature control jacket is provided on the outer wall of the homogenizing box.

[0011] Preferably, the turbulence oscillation mechanism includes a conical box, the bottom of the homogenizing box is provided with a conical box, the interior of the conical box is connected to the conical cavity inside the homogenizing box, the bottom of the conical box is provided with an output pipe, and one end of the output pipe is connected to the interior of the conical box.

[0012] Preferably, the turbulence oscillation mechanism further includes an axial cross support, and multiple axial cross supports are equidistantly arranged inside the output tube. Each axial cross support is provided with a rotatable spiral turbulence seat along the direction of melt flow. An outer wall insulation layer is provided on the outer wall of the output tube. A temperature equalization jacket is provided inside the output tube. A pulse oscillator is provided on the output tube, and the oscillation head of the pulse oscillator is in contact with the outer wall of the output tube and is periodically triggered by the display control panel.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure-stabilizing feeding mechanism includes a distribution box, which is provided on one side of the melt spinning machine. A central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber is provided in the middle of the inner side of the distribution box. An annular skin layer feeding chamber is provided near the edge of the inner side of the distribution box. The central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber receives the melt material through a core layer feeding pipe. A shearing and dispersing disk is provided in the upper middle part of the inner side of the central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber. The shearing and dispersing disk has multiple slits of gradually varying widths arranged in a circular array. A porous flow equalization plate is provided in the lower middle part of the central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber. A composite distribution plate is provided at the bottom of the distribution box. The holes of the porous flow equalization plate correspond to the core layer guide holes on the composite distribution plate.

[0014] Working Principle: During the spinning of conductive fibers from multi-component composite materials, the filtration switching mechanism starts operating first. Workers add the proportioned conductive filler and fiber-forming substrate into the feeding hopper. After the material is fed into the screw extruder, the screw extruder completes the heating, melting, and continuous extrusion of the multi-component composite material. Under normal operating conditions, the rotating feed distribution valve opens the individual independent filter cylinder at its bottom as a working station. The molten material extruded by the screw extruder flows into the flow chamber from the side wall of the independent filter cylinder. The molten material entering the flow chamber passes through a three-layer gradient structure—coarse filter layer, medium filter layer, and fine filter layer—from the outside in, achieving graded interception. Different particle sizes of filler agglomerates and thermally degraded impurities prevent large-volume, large-particle agglomerates in the melt from directly impacting downstream precision flow channels, reducing the risk of blockage from the source. When the differential pressure sensor in the flow chamber detects that the differential pressure in the chamber reaches a set threshold, the signal is synchronously transmitted to the display control panel on the melt spinning machine. The control system drives the rotary feed distribution valve to smoothly switch to another standby independent filter cartridge. The melt supply is continuous and stable throughout the entire switching process, without any interruption. After the switching is completed, the independent filter cartridge at the original working position is backwashed through the backflushing drain port by the residual melt pressure and pulsed nitrogen gas, removing the trapped agglomerates and coke from the backflushing drain. The wastewater is discharged centrally, thus completing multi-stage filtration of the melt material and uninterrupted switching treatment under clogging conditions. Subsequently, the homogenizing and dispersing mechanism starts operating. Even after the conductive melt has been processed by the filtration and switching mechanism, a large number of micron-sized micro-agglomerates remain. These tiny agglomerates cannot be completely removed by conventional filtration methods. If they directly enter the spinning process, they will gradually accumulate and cause blockages. When the conductive melt enters the conical cavity within the homogenizing box, the drive motor on the homogenizing box starts synchronously. The drive motor's shaft drives the conical rotor shear seat within the conical cavity to rotate at high speed. During this process, the conductive melt repeatedly passes between the conical rotor shear seat and the stator ring seat. The narrow slit between the particles is subjected to a combination of strong shearing force, extrusion force and turbulent impact force, which fully breaks down the micron-sized filler agglomerates in the conductive melt into submicron-sized particles. At the same time, it achieves secondary uniform dispersion of the conductive filler in the polymer matrix, further eliminating the risk of agglomeration. The rotor gap of the conical rotor shear seat can be adjusted according to production needs, so as to adapt to filler systems with different physical properties such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and metal powder. Meanwhile, the temperature control jacket on the homogenizing box maintains a stable cavity temperature throughout the process, keeping the conductive melt in the optimal viscosity range. While ensuring shearing efficiency, it avoids overheating and degradation of the melt, thereby completing the fine homogenization and dispersion treatment of the conductive melt.Afterwards, the turbulence oscillation mechanism starts operating. The conductive melt, after being processed by the homogenization and dispersion mechanism, first flows into a conical box for buffering and stabilization, and then is smoothly discharged into the output pipe from the conical box. During the transportation process, the conductive melt has a high apparent viscosity and a slow flow velocity inside the pipe. High-density fillers such as metal powder and high-density carbon black are prone to settling at the bottom of the pipe due to gravity, and are also prone to adhering and stagnating on the pipe wall. Over a long period of time, they will form large particle agglomerates, causing blockage of the downstream flow channel. Therefore, as the conductive melt flows along the output pipe, a spiral turbulence seat fixed by an axial cross bracket inside the output pipe causes the melt to generate a continuous radial spiral flow as it flows forward. Breaking away from conventional laminar flow, this system achieves continuous material exchange between the pipe center and wall, and between the upper and lower parts, suppressing the gravity settling of the packing material. The axial cross-shaped support also simultaneously cuts and flips the material flow, further enhancing the radial dispersion effect. Meanwhile, the pulse oscillator emits high-frequency micro-oscillations at a set cycle, which, through pipe wall conduction, disperses the slowly deposited thin layer of packing material, preventing the deposit layer from gradually thickening and forming large particles. Combined with the outer wall insulation layer and the internal temperature-equalizing jacket on the output pipe, this eliminates low-temperature areas on the pipe wall, preventing packing adhesion and coking due to local viscosity differences. This achieves anti-settling and anti-sticking throughout the entire conductive melt conveying process. Additional processing; Finally, the pressure-stabilizing feeding mechanism starts operating, and the conductive melt, after being processed by the turbulence oscillation mechanism, is finally discharged into the distribution box. For multi-component core-sheath composite conductive fibers, the core layer is a highly filled conductive melt with a small flow rate and low velocity, which easily deposits and agglomerates in the narrow channels of the component, causing problems such as single-hole blockage and core layer breakage. Therefore, the core layer melt first enters the central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber in the distribution box through the output pipe. The buffering effect of the chamber eliminates the pressure fluctuation of the upstream feed, so that the feed pressure of all spinnerets remains highly consistent. Subsequently, the melt in the central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber passes through the shearing and dispersing disk... A variable-width slit, subjected to a low-intensity shearing action, breaks up the micro-agglomerates that reform after the melt enters the distribution component. The processed melt then passes through a porous flow equalization plate at the bottom of the shearing and dispersing disk, precisely distributing it to the core layer channel of each spinneret orifice. This ensures completely consistent core layer flow rate and filler concentration in each orifice, preventing single-orifice blockage and core breakage caused by excessively high local concentrations. The skin layer melt is evenly distributed from the annular skin layer feed chamber to each orifice's skin layer channel. After coating the core layer at the spinneret orifice inlet on the melt spinning machine, they are extruded together, thus completing the pressure-stabilized feeding and composite spinning process of multi-component composite conductive fibers.

[0015] This invention provides a spinning device for multi-component composite conductive fibers. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. By adding and setting a filter switching mechanism, this invention, when spinning multi-component composite conductive fibers, adopts a three-stage gradient filtration structure to intercept filler agglomerates and thermally degraded impurities of different particle sizes in the melt, avoiding large particles from directly impacting and clogging downstream precision flow channels and spinneret micropores, thus extending the continuous operation cycle of the filter assembly. On the other hand, the dual-station structure supports uninterrupted online switching without stopping the machine to disassemble and replace filter elements, avoiding frequent interruptions in production rhythm and reducing damage to equipment components caused by disassembly and assembly operations. The matching backflushing structure can also realize in-situ cleaning and regeneration of filter elements.

[0016] 2. By adding and setting a homogenizing dispersion mechanism, this invention first uses the strong shearing action generated by the stator-rotor interleaved structure to break up the micron-sized filler micro-agglomerates remaining after filtration, reducing their particle size to a size that can pass smoothly through the spinneret orifice, thereby reducing the probability of spinneret orifice blockage from the source. Secondly, it achieves secondary uniform dispersion of conductive filler in polymer matrix, and works with temperature control jacket to maintain suitable melt viscosity, thereby avoiding material overheating and degradation, improving melt quality stability, and reducing subsequent spinning head breakage defects.

[0017] 3. By adding and setting a turbulence oscillation mechanism, this invention breaks the laminar flow state of the melt through the spiral turbulence structure inside the tube during the spinning process of multi-component composite conductive fibers. This promotes continuous exchange of materials between the tube center and the tube wall, which not only inhibits the gravity settling of high-density conductive filler and avoids the formation of high-concentration agglomerates that block the conveying pipe and spinneret, but also, in conjunction with the high-frequency oscillation of the tube wall and the uniform temperature insulation structure, disperses the deposited filler layer, eliminates cold zones on the tube wall, reduces filler adhesion and coking, and extends the operating time of the pipeline and downstream components.

[0018] 4. By adding and setting a pressure-stabilizing feeding mechanism, this invention eliminates pressure fluctuations in the upstream feed through a central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber during the spinning process of multi-component composite conductive fibers. Combined with shear dispersion and porous flow uniformity structure, it breaks up trace agglomerates in the core melt, preventing the deposition of highly filled core melt in narrow channels and reducing single-hole blockage and core breakage failures. Secondly, it achieves uniform distribution of core and sheath materials, ensuring the stability of the core-sheath composite structure, improving the uniformity of conductivity of the finished fiber, and reducing the probability of abnormal shutdowns during the spinning process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front right side structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front left side structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the homogenizing box of the present invention; Figure 4This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the independent filter internal structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the homogenizing chamber of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the output tube of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the distribution box of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the shear dispersion disk structure of the present invention.

[0020] The components include: 1. Melt spinning machine; 2. Control box; 3. Screw extruder; 4. Feed hopper; 5. Rotary feed distribution valve; 6. Independent filter cartridge; 7. Homogenizing box; 8. Conical box; 9. Output pipe; 10. Display control panel; 11. Spinning head; 12. Distribution box; 13. Pulse oscillator; 14. External insulation layer; 15. Drive motor; 16. Temperature control jacket; 17. Flow chamber; 18. Intermediate filter layer; 19. 20. Fine filter layer; 21. Backflushing drain outlet; 22. Differential pressure sensor; 23. Coarse filter layer; 24. Conical rotor shear seat; 25. Conical cavity; 26. Stator ring seat; 27. Spiral turbulence seat; 28. Axial cross support; 29. ​​Temperature equalization jacket; 30. Annular skin feed chamber; 31. Central pressure stabilizing buffer chamber; 32. Shearing dispersion disc; 33. Porous flow equalization plate; 34. Composite distribution plate; 35. Gradually changing width slit. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 2 This invention provides a spinning device for multi-component composite conductive fibers, including a melt spinning machine 1. A screw extruder 3 is installed on the top of the melt spinning machine 1, and the screw extruder 3 adds composite materials through multiple feeding hoppers 4 installed thereon. A control box 2 is installed on one side of the front end of the melt spinning machine 1, and a display control panel 10 is installed in the upper middle part of the front end of the melt spinning machine 1 to display and control the status of processing parameters during the spinning process. Multiple spinning heads 11 are installed on the melt spinning machine 1. Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 2 and attached Figure 4The filter switching mechanism is located on one side of the screw extruder 3 and is used for filtering the molten material extruded by the screw extruder 3 and for output switching when it is blocked. The filtration switching mechanism includes a rotary feed distribution valve 5. The melt outlet of the screw extruder 3 is connected to the feed end of the rotary feed distribution valve 5 through a connecting pipe and a flange. Two independent filter cylinders 6 are provided at the bottom of the rotary feed distribution valve 5. The two discharge ports of the rotary feed distribution valve 5 are respectively connected to the filter chambers in the two independent filter cylinders 6.

[0023] When the filter switching mechanism is started, the staff put the prepared conductive filler and fiber substrate into the feeding hopper 4. After the material is fed into the screw extruder 3, the screw extruder 3 completes the heating, melting and continuous extrusion of multiple composite materials. Under normal working conditions, the rotating feed distribution valve 5 opens the single independent filter cylinder 6 at its bottom as a working station. The molten material extruded by the screw extruder 3 flows into the flow chamber 17 from the side wall of the cavity of the independent filter cylinder 6.

[0024] The filtration switching mechanism also includes a flow chamber 17. Each independent filter cylinder 6 has a flow chamber 17 inside. Each flow chamber 17 is equipped with a filter assembly. The filter assembly is coaxially nested with the interior of the corresponding independent filter cylinder 6. The filter assembly consists of a coarse filter layer 22, a medium filter layer 18 and a fine filter layer 19 from top to bottom. The coarse filter layer 22 is made of porous ceramic material, the medium filter layer 18 is made of metal fiber sintered felt, and the fine filter layer 19 is made of multi-layer metal sintered mesh.

[0025] The melt material entering the flow chamber 17 passes through a three-layer gradient structure from the outside to the inside: coarse filter layer 22, medium filter layer 18, and fine filter layer 19. This structure intercepts filler agglomerates and thermally degraded impurities of different particle sizes in stages, preventing large-volume, large-particle agglomerates in the melt from directly impacting the downstream precision flow channel and reducing the risk of blockage from the source.

[0026] The filter switching mechanism also includes a differential pressure sensor 21. A differential pressure sensor 21 is installed at the inlet and outlet of each of the two independent filter cylinders 6. The differential pressure sensor 21 is connected to the display control panel 10. A backflushing drain port 20 is installed at the bottom of the internal cavity of each independent filter cylinder 6. The high-pressure nitrogen interface of the backflushing drain port 20 is connected to the waste collection tank.

[0027] When the differential pressure sensor 21 in the flow chamber 17 detects that the differential pressure in the chamber has reached the set threshold, the signal is synchronously transmitted to the display control panel 10 on the melt spinning machine 1. The control system drives the rotary feed distribution valve 5 to smoothly switch to another standby independent filter cartridge 6. The melt supply is continuous and stable throughout the entire switching process, with no interruption of material supply. After the switching is completed, the independent filter cartridge 6 at the original working position is flushed with residual melt pressure and pulsed nitrogen through the backwash drain port 20. The trapped agglomerates and coke are discharged from the drain port in a concentrated manner, thereby completing the multi-stage filtration of melt material and the uninterrupted switching treatment under clogging conditions.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 5 The homogenizing and dispersing mechanism is located on one side of the melt spinning machine 1 and is used to homogenize and disperse the micron-sized micro-agglomerates remaining in the melt material after the filtration and switching mechanism. The homogenizing and dispersing mechanism includes a homogenizing box 7. The homogenizing box 7 is located on the top of one side of the melt spinning machine 1. A conical cavity 24 is opened inside the homogenizing box 7, and the interior of the conical cavity 24 is connected to the interior of two independent filter cylinders 6 at the top. Multiple stator ring seats 25 are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the inner wall of the conical cavity 24. A conical rotor shear seat 23 is arranged inside the conical cavity 24. A drive motor 15 is arranged at the top center of the homogenizing box 7. The output end of the drive motor 15 is connected to the top of the conical rotor shear seat 23 through a magnetic sealing transmission component. Both the stator ring seat 25 and the conical rotor shear seat 23 in the conical cavity 24 have a multi-layer toothed ring interlaced structure. A continuous micron-level shearing slit is formed between the teeth of the two. The conical rotor shear seat 23 is adjustable and the stator-rotor gap can be finely adjusted axially. A temperature control jacket 16 is arranged on the outer wall of the homogenizing box 7.

[0029] When the homogenizing and dispersing mechanism is started, a large number of micron-sized micro-agglomerates still remain in the conductive melt after it has been processed by the filtration and switching mechanism. These small agglomerates cannot be completely removed by conventional filtration methods. If they are directly introduced into the spinning process, they will gradually accumulate and cause blockage. When the conductive melt enters the conical cavity 24 in the homogenizing box 7, the drive motor 15 on the homogenizing box 7 starts synchronously. The shaft of the drive motor 15 drives the conical rotor shear seat 23 in the conical cavity 24 to rotate at high speed. During this process, the conductive melt repeatedly passes through the narrow gap between the conical rotor shear seat 23 and the stator ring seat 25. It is subjected to the combined action of strong shear force, extrusion force and turbulent impact force, which fully breaks the micron-sized filler agglomerates in the conductive melt into submicron-sized particles. At the same time, it achieves secondary uniform dispersion of the conductive filler in the polymer matrix, further eliminating the risk of agglomeration.

[0030] The rotor gap of the conical rotor shear seat 23 can be adjusted according to production needs, thereby adapting to filler systems with different physical properties such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and metal powder. At the same time, the temperature control jacket 16 on the homogenizing box 7 maintains the cavity temperature stable throughout the process, keeping the conductive melt in the optimal viscosity range. While ensuring shearing efficiency, it avoids overheating and degradation of the melt, thus completing the fine homogenization and dispersion treatment of the conductive melt.

[0031] Please see the appendix Figure 2 and attached Figure 6 The turbulence oscillation mechanism is located on one side of the melt spinning machine 1. It is used to turbulence and vibrate the melt material after it has been processed by the homogenization dispersion mechanism during the conveying process, so as to avoid the melt material from settling due to gravity during low-speed conveying and forming local high-concentration agglomerates that block the pipes and spinnerets. The turbulence oscillation mechanism includes a conical box 8. The bottom of the homogenizing box 7 is provided with a conical box 8. The interior of the conical box 8 is connected to the conical cavity 24 inside the homogenizing box 7. An output pipe 9 is provided at the bottom of the conical box 8, and one end of the output pipe 9 is connected to the interior of the conical box 8.

[0032] When the turbulence oscillation mechanism is started, the conductive melt, after being processed by the homogenization and dispersion mechanism, first flows into the conical box 8 for buffering and stabilization, and then is smoothly discharged into the output pipe 9 from the conical box 8. During the transportation process, the conductive melt has a high apparent viscosity and a slow flow rate in the pipe. High-density fillers such as metal powder and high-density carbon black are prone to settling at the bottom of the pipe due to gravity, and are also prone to adhering and lingering on the pipe wall. Long-term accumulation will form large particle agglomerates, causing blockage of the downstream flow channel.

[0033] The turbulence oscillation mechanism also includes an axial cross support 27. Multiple axial cross supports 27 are equidistantly arranged inside the output pipe 9. Rotatable spiral turbulence seats 26 are arranged on each axial cross support 27 along the direction of melt flow. An outer wall insulation layer 14 is provided on the outer wall of the output pipe 9. A temperature equalization jacket 28 is provided inside the output pipe 9. A pulse oscillator 13 is provided on the output pipe 9. The oscillation head of the pulse oscillator 13 is in contact with the outer wall of the output pipe 9 and is periodically triggered by the display control panel 10.

[0034] Therefore, during the flow of the conductive melt along the output pipe 9, the spiral turbulence seat 26 fixed by the axial cross bracket 27 inside the output pipe 9 causes the melt to generate a continuous radial spiral flow as it flows forward, breaking the conventional laminar flow state and realizing continuous material exchange between the pipe center and the pipe wall, and between the upper and lower parts, suppressing the gravity settling of the packing. The axial cross bracket 27 will also cut and flip the material flow simultaneously, further enhancing the radial dispersion effect.

[0035] At the same time, the pulse oscillator 13 emits high-frequency micro-oscillations according to the set period, which disperse the slowly deposited filler layer through the pipe wall conduction, preventing the deposit layer from gradually thickening and forming large particles. In conjunction with the outer wall insulation layer 14 on the output pipe 9 and the internal temperature uniform jacket 28, the low temperature area of ​​the pipe wall is eliminated, and the filler is prevented from sticking and coking due to local viscosity differences. In this way, the anti-settling and anti-adhesion treatment of the entire process of conductive melt transportation is completed.

[0036] Please see the appendix Figure 2 and attached Figure 7 - Appendix Figure 8 The pressure-stabilizing feeding mechanism is installed inside the melt spinning machine 1 and is used to stabilize and convey the melt material after it has been processed by the turbulence vibration mechanism.

[0037] The pressure-stabilizing feeding mechanism includes a distribution box 12. The distribution box 12 is provided on one side of the melt spinning machine 1. A central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber 30 is provided in the middle of the inner side of the distribution box 12. An annular skin layer feeding chamber 29 is provided near the edge of the inner side of the distribution box 12. The central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber 30 receives the melt material through the core layer feeding pipe. A shearing and dispersing disk 31 is provided in the upper middle part of the inner side of the central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber 30. The shearing and dispersing disk 31 has a circumferential array of multiple slits 34 with gradually varying widths. A porous flow equalization plate 32 is provided in the lower middle part of the central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber 30. A composite distribution plate 33 is provided at the bottom of the distribution box 12. The holes of the porous flow equalization plate 32 correspond to the core layer guide holes on the composite distribution plate 33.

[0038] When the pressure-stabilizing feeding mechanism is started, the conductive melt, after being processed by the turbulence oscillation mechanism, is finally discharged into the distribution box 12. For multi-component core-sheath composite conductive fibers, the core layer is a highly filled conductive melt with a small flow rate and low velocity. It is very easy to deposit and agglomerate in the narrow channels of the component, causing problems such as single-hole blockage and core layer breakage.

[0039] Therefore, the core layer melt first enters the central pressure stabilizing buffer chamber 30 in the distribution box 12 through the output pipe 9. The buffer effect of the chamber eliminates the pressure fluctuation of the upstream feed, so that the feed pressure of all spinnerets is kept highly consistent. Then, the melt in the central pressure stabilizing buffer chamber 30 passes through the gradually wide slit 34 on the shearing and dispersing disk 31 and is subjected to a low-intensity shearing action, which breaks up the melt and enters the distribution component to form a small agglomerate.

[0040] The processed melt is then precisely distributed to the core layer channel of each spinneret hole by the porous flow equalization plate 32 at the bottom of the shearing and dispersing disk 31, ensuring that the core layer flow rate and filler concentration of each hole are completely consistent, avoiding single hole blockage and core breakage caused by excessive local concentration. The skin layer melt is evenly distributed to the skin layer channel of each hole from the annular skin layer feed chamber 29. After being coated with the core layer at the spinneret hole inlet of the spinning head 11 on the melt spinning machine 1, it is extruded together, thereby completing the pressure-stabilized feeding and composite spinning treatment of multi-component composite conductive fibers.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A spinning device for multi-component composite conductive fibers, characterized in that, include, The melt spinning machine (1) is equipped with a screw extruder (3) on top of the melt spinning machine (1). The screw extruder (3) adds composite materials through multiple feeding hoppers (4) on it. A control box (2) is provided on one side of the front end of the melt spinning machine (1). A display control panel (10) is provided in the upper middle part of the front end of the melt spinning machine (1) to display and control the status of processing parameters during the spinning process. Multiple spinning heads (11) are provided on the melt spinning machine (1). The filter switching mechanism is located on one side of the screw extruder (3) and is used for filtering the melt material extruded by the screw extruder (3) and switching the output when it is blocked. The homogenizing and dispersing mechanism is located on one side of the melt spinning machine (1) and is used to homogenize and disperse the micron-sized micro-agglomerates remaining in the melt material after the filtration and switching mechanism has been processed. The turbulence oscillation mechanism is set on one side of the melt spinning machine (1) to turbulence and vibration of the melt material after the homogenization dispersion mechanism during the conveying process, so as to avoid gravity settling of the melt material during low-speed conveying, forming local high-concentration agglomerates that block the pipes and spinnerets. The pressure-stabilizing feeding mechanism is installed inside the melt spinning machine (1) and is used to stabilize and convey the melt material after it has been processed by the turbulence vibration mechanism.

2. The spinning equipment for multi-component composite conductive fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter switching mechanism includes a rotary feed distribution valve (5). The melt outlet of the screw extruder (3) is connected to the feed end of the rotary feed distribution valve (5) through a connecting pipe and a flange. The bottom of the rotary feed distribution valve (5) is provided with two independent filter cylinders (6). The two discharge ports of the rotary feed distribution valve (5) are respectively connected to the filter chambers in the two independent filter cylinders (6).

3. The spinning equipment for multi-component composite conductive fibers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filtration switching mechanism also includes a flow chamber (17). Each of the independent filter cylinders (6) has a flow chamber (17) inside. Each of the flow chambers (17) is equipped with a filter assembly. The filter assembly is coaxially nested with the interior of the corresponding independent filter cylinder (6). The filter assembly consists of a coarse filter layer (22), a medium filter layer (18), and a fine filter layer (19) from top to bottom. The material of the coarse filter layer (22) is porous ceramic material, the material of the medium filter layer (18) is metal fiber sintered felt, and the material of the fine filter layer (19) is multi-layer metal sintered mesh.

4. The spinning equipment for multi-component composite conductive fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter switching mechanism also includes a differential pressure sensor (21). A differential pressure sensor (21) is provided at the inlet and outlet positions of the two independent filter cylinders (6). The differential pressure sensor (21) is connected to the display control panel (10). A backflushing drain port (20) is provided at the bottom of the internal cavity of the independent filter cylinder (6). The high-pressure nitrogen interface of the backflushing drain port (20) is connected to the waste collection tank.

5. The spinning equipment for multi-component composite conductive fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The homogenizing and dispersing mechanism includes a homogenizing box (7). The homogenizing box (7) is provided on the top of one side of the melt spinning machine (1). A conical cavity (24) is opened inside the homogenizing box (7), and the interior of the conical cavity (24) is connected to the interior of two independent filter cylinders (6) at the top. Multiple stator ring seats (25) are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the inner wall of the conical cavity (24). A conical rotor shear seat (23) is provided inside the conical cavity (24). The top of the homogenizing box (7) is in the center of the center. The unit is equipped with a drive motor (15). The output end of the drive motor (15) is connected to the top of the conical rotor shear seat (23) through a magnetic sealing transmission component. The stator ring seat (25) in the conical cavity (24) and the conical rotor shear seat (23) are both multi-layer tooth ring interlaced structures. A continuous micron-level shearing slit is formed between their teeth. The conical rotor shear seat (23) is adjustable and can axially fine adjust the stator-rotor gap. A temperature control jacket (16) is provided on the outer wall of the homogenizing box (7).

6. The spinning equipment for multi-component composite conductive fibers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The turbulence oscillation mechanism includes a conical box (8), the bottom of the homogenizing box (7) is provided with a conical box (8), the interior of the conical box (8) is connected to the conical cavity (24) inside the homogenizing box (7), the bottom of the conical box (8) is provided with an output pipe (9), and one end of the output pipe (9) is connected to the interior of the conical box (8).

7. The spinning equipment for multi-component composite conductive fibers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The turbulence oscillation mechanism also includes an axial cross bracket (27). Multiple axial cross brackets (27) are equidistantly arranged inside the output tube (9). Each axial cross bracket (27) is provided with a rotatable spiral turbulence seat (26) along the direction of melt flow. An outer wall insulation layer (14) is provided on the outer wall of the output tube (9). A temperature equalization jacket (28) is provided inside the output tube (9). A pulse oscillator (13) is provided on the output tube (9). The oscillation head of the pulse oscillator (13) is attached to the outer wall of the output tube (9) and is periodically triggered by the display control panel (10).

8. The spinning equipment for multi-component composite conductive fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure-stabilizing feeding mechanism includes a distribution box (12). The distribution box (12) is provided on one side of the melt spinning machine (1). A central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber (30) is provided in the middle of the inner side of the distribution box (12). An annular skin layer feeding chamber (29) is provided near the edge of the inner side of the distribution box (12). The central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber (30) receives melt material through a core layer feeding pipe. A shearing and dispersing disk (31) is provided in the upper middle part of the inner side of the central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber (30). A plurality of gradually wide slits (34) are arranged in a circular array on the shearing and dispersing disk (31). A porous flow equalization plate (32) is provided in the lower middle part of the central pressure-stabilizing buffer chamber (30). A composite distribution plate (33) is provided at the bottom of the distribution box (12). The holes of the porous flow equalization plate (32) correspond to the core layer guide holes on the composite distribution plate (33).

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