A soft soil reinforcement structure and construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soft soil reinforcement, providing a soft soil reinforcement structure and construction method, including a biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton structure, a dual-interface enhanced erosion-resistant system, a groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system, and a graded grouting and intelligent monitoring and control system. This invention adapts to the gradient deformation and long-term creep characteristics of complex soft soils under conditions of high water content, high sensitivity, groundwater, and saline-alkali erosion, improving reinforcement efficiency and long-term stability, filling the gaps in existing technologies, and creating an integrated reinforcement system for soft soil reinforcement projects that combines gradient adaptation, in-situ solidification, erosion-resistant protection, and intelligent control, thus contributing to the safe and efficient advancement of the national "dual-carbon" goals and new urbanization construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soft soil reinforcement technology, specifically to a soft soil reinforcement structure and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Soft soil reinforcement is a core component in ensuring the safety of transportation infrastructure, port terminals, and other projects. Existing technologies face multiple bottlenecks when dealing with complex soft soils with high water content and interlayers, specifically manifested in the following three major systemic defects in technical systems: (1) Engineering limitations of traditional reinforcement materials: Traditional cement-based reinforcement materials rely on high cementitious material content, resulting in low solid waste utilization rate, high carbon emission intensity, and the reinforced body is prone to cracking under the creep of soft soil. After cracking, it has no self-repairing ability and is prone to causing engineering accidents such as roadbed settlement and wharf slippage in the later stage. Some solid waste-based slurries are simply mixed with industrial waste residue without activation modification. They have insufficient early strength and poor durability, which cannot meet the bearing requirements of long-term creep of soft soil. They need to carry out secondary reinforcement frequently, which leads to the extension of the construction cycle and cannot meet the gradient deformation characteristics of soft soil.

[0003] (2) The stiffness of the reinforced structure is not matched with that of the soft soil, which is prone to stress concentration and interface slippage, and has poor durability in erosive environments: Traditional reinforced components are mostly designed with equal stiffness, which is not matched with the radial stress distribution of soft soil, and is prone to stress concentration and interface debonding; and in groundwater and saline-alkali environments, the reinforced materials are prone to corrosion failure and have insufficient long-term load-bearing stability.

[0004] (3) The dilemma of adaptability between traditional construction and monitoring: existing soft soil reinforcement construction relies heavily on manual experience, and some reinforcement components need to be assembled on site, resulting in low construction efficiency; in addition, the monitoring system is separated from the construction process, and it is impossible to dynamically adjust the electroosmotic voltage and grouting parameters, which leads to unstable reinforcement effect; when facing complex soft soil reinforcement, the construction cycle is long and the cost is high, which is difficult to adapt to the rapid construction needs of major projects, and the later maintenance cost is high, which is difficult to meet the comprehensive needs of safety, environmental protection and economy of the project.

[0005] In summary, existing soft soil reinforcement technologies suffer from systemic deficiencies in material properties, structural adaptability, and the integration of construction and monitoring, making it difficult to meet the reinforcement requirements of complex soft soils. Therefore, it is essential to develop a soft soil reinforcement technology that is green and low-carbon, highly efficient and adaptable, and intelligently manageable. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention aims to provide a soft soil reinforcement structure and construction method. To solve these problems, this invention employs the following technical solution: A soft soil reinforcement structure includes a biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton structure, a dual-interface enhanced erosion-resistant system, a groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system, and a graded grouting and intelligent monitoring and control system.

[0007] Preferably, the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure includes a three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure, an internal hollow grouting channel, a grouting outlet hole, and a grouting connection end; The three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure includes a high-modulus carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix central bearing layer, a medium-modulus basalt and glass fiber hybrid reinforcement gradient transition layer, and a low-modulus glass fiber reinforced outer bonding layer, which are sequentially composited radially. The elastic modulus decreases from the inside to the outside. An internal hollow grouting channel is opened in the three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure. An inclined grouting outlet hole is opened on the internal hollow grouting channel. A grouting reinforcement pipe is provided on the inclined grouting outlet hole. The grouting reinforcement pipe is inclined. A conical implant head is set at the bottom of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, and a grouting connection head is connected to the top of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure.

[0008] Preferably, the dual-interface reinforced corrosion-resistant system comprises a graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer and a porous polymer-loaded slow-release interface modification layer, which are sequentially compounded together.

[0009] The graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer is a dense coating.

[0010] Preferably, the porous polymer-supported slow-release interface modification layer is an active component system supported by a porous polymer carrier, and the active component system includes a silane coupling agent, nano-calcium carbonate whiskers, chloride ion curing agent, acid-base buffer, and pozzolanic activator.

[0011] Preferred groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system includes industrial solid waste-based cementitious materials, composite activators, functional additives, and mixing water; Industrial solid waste-based cementitious materials include slag powder, fly ash, steel slag powder, and the composite activator uses modified water glass. Functional additives include retarders, early strength agents, and nano-reinforcing components.

[0012] Preferably, groundwater is used directly for mixing, without the need for additional treatment.

[0013] Preferably, the graded grouting and intelligent monitoring and control system includes a three-stage pressurized grouting process module, a real-time sensing and acquisition module, and a cloud-based intelligent control unit.

[0014] Preferably, the three-stage pressurized grouting process is divided into three stages: low-pressure permeation grouting, medium-pressure compaction grouting, and pressure stabilization and maintenance grouting. The uniform diffusion and compaction of the solidification material in the soft soil are achieved through gradient pressure control. The real-time sensing and acquisition module relies on the pressure monitoring interface, displacement monitoring interface and built-in strain and moisture content sensors at the top of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton structure to collect grouting pressure, soil displacement, moisture content and consolidation degree data in real time. The cloud-based intelligent control unit relies on data analysis algorithms to achieve dynamic control of grouting pressure, rate, and holding time. At the same time, through zoned symmetrical synchronous grouting logic, it ensures micro-disturbance control and stress uniformity in land construction.

[0015] A construction method for a soft soil reinforcement structure, based on the aforementioned soft soil reinforcement structure, includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct construction preparation and survey design; Step 2: Prefabricate and ergonomically reinforced biomimetic skeleton; Step 3: Precise implantation and positioning of the biomimetic gradient-reinforced skeleton; Step 4: Prepare and grade the grouting of the groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer; Step 5: Conduct intelligent monitoring and dynamic control of the entire construction process; Step Six: Perform maintenance and final acceptance.

[0016] A soft soil reinforcement structure and construction method; Step 1 includes: completing the on-site acceptance of materials and intelligent monitoring terminals for the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, dual-interface reinforced corrosion-resistant system, and groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system; verifying the gradient stiffness parameters of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, the composition ratio of the corrosion-resistant coating, the proportion of geopolymer solid waste, and the accuracy parameters of the sensors. Based on the design scope of soft soil reinforcement, the entire reinforcement area is scanned by ground-penetrating radar to generate a three-dimensional defect model and moisture content distribution map of soft soil. Simultaneously, control lines and points are implanted on the site surface to mark the skeleton. Equipment installation slots for the intelligent construction monitoring central control system are reserved at the edge of the site to complete the layout of monitoring sensor points and the laying of data transmission links. Step two includes: reserving a hollow grouting channel in the center of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, opening an inclined grouting outlet hole along the axial direction, connecting the inclined grouting outlet hole to the grouting reinforcement pipe, machining a conical implant head with a grouting outlet hole at the bottom end of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, the conical implant head having a bottom conical structure, and integrating a grouting connection end and pressure and displacement monitoring interface at the top of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure; Using an integrated pultrusion and filament winding process, a high-modulus carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix central bearing layer, a medium-modulus basalt and glass fiber hybrid reinforcement gradient transition layer, and a low-modulus glass fiber reinforced outer bonding layer are prepared sequentially. The radial elastic modulus gradient decreases through fiber layup design, and the thickness ratio of the three layers is controlled. First, a graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer is sprayed to form a passivation protective layer. Then, a porous polymer-supported slow-release interface modification layer, a supported silane coupling agent, nano-calcium carbonate whiskers, chloride ion curing agent, acid-base buffer and pozzolanic active activator are coated to complete the integrated treatment of corrosion resistance and interface strengthening. After passing the coating adhesion and channel unobstructedness test, it is ready for use. Step three includes: using a casing follow-up process to form the hole to avoid thixotropic collapse in soft soil; using a tracked engineering drilling rig equipped with a mechanical clamp to grasp the biomimetic gradient reinforced skeleton; according to the implantation path planned by the three-dimensional defect model, the skeleton is vertically pressed into the target depth of the soft soil along the control line; the conical implantation head guides the skeleton to smoothly penetrate the soft soil layer, controlling the planar position and verticality of the skeleton; after the skeleton is implanted, it is fixed with the sealing material through the hole positioning clamp to prevent the skeleton from shifting or floating during grouting; after the verticality and position are re-measured and qualified, the positioning construction is completed. Step four includes: preparing groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer grout according to the design ratio, stirring it for 10-15 minutes using intelligent mixing equipment to ensure the grout is uniform and free of lumps; sealing the intelligent grouting pump with the top grouting connection end of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, and simultaneously connecting it to the pressure and displacement monitoring terminal; adopting a three-stage pressurized grouting process: the first stage is low-pressure permeation grouting, which allows the grout to spread evenly to the micropores of the soft soil; the second stage is medium-pressure compaction grouting, which fills the large pores and squeezes and compacts the soft soil; the third stage is pressure stabilization and pressure maintenance grouting, which compensates for hydration shrinkage and eliminates interface gaps; multiple skeletons in the same reinforcement area are grouted synchronously in a zoned symmetrical manner to avoid uneven soil stress leading to uneven heave or settlement; during the grouting process, the cavity pressure is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor, and grouting is stopped when the pressure reaches the design threshold to ensure that the grout is fully filled and does not overflow; Step five includes: connecting the top monitoring interface of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, the built-in strain and moisture content sensors, and the site pore water pressure gauge to the cloud main control unit and starting the real-time monitoring module; the sensors continuously collect data on grouting pressure, soil displacement, moisture content, resistivity, and degree of consolidation and transmit them to the cloud. When abnormal surface uplift, abnormal displacement of existing buildings, or abnormal fluctuations in resistivity are detected, the system automatically triggers control commands: reducing grouting pressure or pausing grouting, and resuming construction after the displacement stabilizes; switching grouting zones or adjusting the grouting rate to ensure uniform grout diffusion; when the moisture content is higher than the design value, initiating auxiliary drainage measures to accelerate consolidation; when the moisture content of the soft soil drops below the design value and the resistivity stabilizes within the rated range, the grouting solidification stage is determined to be complete, and the grouting system is shut down. Step six includes: After grouting, the reinforced area is sealed and covered to prevent rainwater erosion or external disturbance, and cured at room temperature for 28 days until the geopolymer is fully hydrated and the strength meets the requirements; the undrained shear strength, compression modulus, interfacial bond strength, and durability of the reinforced soft soil are tested through core drilling, static cone penetration testing, plate load testing, and accelerated erosion testing to confirm that the bearing capacity and deformation meet the design requirements; the survey data, construction records, monitoring reports, and test results are compiled to form a complete acceptance document; reusable grouting connection ends and monitoring equipment are recovered, and the site is leveled and cleaned to complete the entire reinforcement construction process.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention adapts to the gradient deformation and long-term creep characteristics of complex soft soil under conditions of high water content, high sensitivity, groundwater, and saline-alkali erosion, thereby improving reinforcement efficiency and long-term stability, filling the gaps in existing technologies, and achieving the following objectives: Enhancing the green, low-carbon, and adaptability of materials: By adopting groundwater-resistant, low-carbon geopolymer solidification materials, the efficient utilization of industrial solid waste resources is achieved. At the same time, through a dual-interface reinforcement erosion-resistant subsystem, the interfacial bonding and erosion resistance of the solidified soil and the reinforced skeleton are precisely improved, completely solving the pain points of traditional solidification materials such as low solid waste utilization, high carbon emissions, and easy strength decay in erosive environments.

[0018] Enhanced reinforcement and solidification synergistic load-bearing efficiency: Through the gradient structure design of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforcement skeleton, the reinforcement material and the stress distribution of soft soil are perfectly matched. Combined with the hollow grouting channel, the reinforcement and solidification are integrated and synergistic, avoiding stress concentration and interface slippage, improving the load-bearing performance and deformation coordination of the composite structure, and solving the problems of stiffness mismatch and poor synergy of traditional reinforcement technology.

[0019] Adaptable to complex engineering scenarios and long-term durability: The integrated dual-interface reinforced erosion-resistant system effectively resists groundwater, saline-alkali and acid-alkali erosion. At the same time, the graded grouting process achieves uniform and dense solidification of soft soil. It can be widely used in soft soil reinforcement scenarios with different burial depths and geological conditions, such as urban building foundations, highway and railway subgrades, port storage yards, and reclaimed land, breaking through the bottlenecks of the limited applicability and insufficient long-term durability of existing technologies.

[0020] Achieve intelligent and precise micro-disturbance control: Equipped with a graded grouting and intelligent monitoring and control subsystem, it collects and dynamically controls grouting pressure, soil displacement, moisture content and resistivity data in real time, significantly shortens response time, reduces manual intervention, improves construction efficiency and safety of urban micro-disturbance construction, and solves the problems of poor linkage and large disturbance in traditional construction monitoring.

[0021] In summary, this invention aims to create an integrated reinforcement system for soft soil reinforcement projects, combining gradient adaptation, in-situ solidification, erosion resistance protection, and intelligent management, thereby contributing to the safe and efficient advancement of the national "dual carbon" goals and new urbanization construction. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a construction flowchart of a soft soil reinforcement structure according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall reinforcement structure for soft soil according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of a soft soil reinforcement structure according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of a soft soil reinforcement structure according to the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1. Grouting connection end; 2. Sensor arrangement area; 3. Hollow grouting channel; 4. Three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure; 5. Dual-interface reinforced corrosion-resistant system; 6. Graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer; 7. Porous polymer-loaded slow-release interface modification layer; 8. Grouting reinforcement pipe; 9. Bottom conical structure; 10. Grouting hole filter screen; 11. Hollow grouting channel inside the bottom conical structure; 12. Soft soil layer; 13. Ground line; 14. Groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer; 15. High-modulus carbon fiber reinforced resin-based central bearing layer; 16. Medium-modulus basalt and glass fiber hybrid reinforced gradient transition layer; 17. Low-modulus glass fiber reinforced outer bonding layer. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] With the intensive advancement of major projects such as the expansion of coastal urban clusters, the construction of coastal high-speed rail networks, the upgrading of ports in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, and cross-sea channel projects, the reinforcement of complex soft soils characterized by their large thickness, high water content, high sensitivity, and susceptibility to groundwater and saline-alkali erosion has gradually become a core challenge for construction management and long-term operation. These types of soft soils often exhibit significant uneven settlement, long-term creep, and environmental erosion characteristics, making the shortcomings of traditional reinforcement technologies increasingly prominent. Traditional cement-based solidification materials rely on high-carbon cementitious material content: not only is the solid waste utilization rate less than 30% and the carbon emission intensity high, but the solidified soil is also prone to strength decay and cracking under coastal groundwater and saline-alkali erosion. After cracking, it has no self-healing ability, which can easily lead to engineering accidents such as roadbed settlement and wharf slippage in the later stage. At the same time, grouting materials with a single density cannot adapt to the gradient deformation characteristics of soft soil, and weak areas are prone to premature failure due to insufficient strength. Traditional reinforcement technology uses equal stiffness structural design: the stiffness of the reinforcement material is not matched with that of the soft soil, which easily leads to stress concentration and interface slip failure. Moreover, in the coastal saline-alkali environment, the reinforcement material is easily corroded and has a short service life. At the same time, the reinforcement and curing processes are simply superimposed without forming a synergistic force system. The construction process is complicated and disturbing, which cannot meet the construction requirements of complex coastal sites. Traditional construction and monitoring systems lack in-depth linkage: they can only collect data such as settlement and stress, but are not linked with the performance of reinforcement materials, the state of the reinforced structure, and construction process parameters. This often results in delayed reinforcement response and mismatch between energy dissipation and reinforcement strength, leading to low construction efficiency and high rework rate.

[0029] Soft soil reinforcement is a core guarantee for the safety and efficiency of transportation infrastructure, port terminals, urban underground spaces, and major coastal projects. In particular, the quality of reinforcement for complex soft soils with high water content, high sensitivity, and susceptibility to groundwater and saline-alkali erosion directly affects the entire life cycle cost and schedule of the project. The cost per kilometer of soft soil reinforcement in such projects generally accounts for a large proportion of the total cost. If reinforcement failure leads to accidents such as roadbed settlement, wharf slippage, or foundation pit collapse, not only will a large amount of manpower and resources be invested in emergency reinforcement, but it will also cause delays in the construction period, indirectly affecting the completion and operational efficiency of subsequent routes. However, existing soft soil reinforcement methods are insufficient to cope with the long-term creep, uneven settlement and environmental erosion risks of complex soft soils: traditional cement-based solidification materials rely on high-carbon cementitious systems, have low solid waste utilization rates and no self-healing ability, and are prone to strength decay and cracking failure under coastal saline-alkali and groundwater erosion; traditional reinforcement technology uses equal stiffness structures, which are prone to stress concentration and interface slippage, and have insufficient durability in erosive environments; construction and monitoring systems lack in-depth linkage, often resulting in problems such as delayed reinforcement response, energy dissipation and strength mismatch.

[0030] At present, many scholars at home and abroad have carried out certain research on soft soil reinforcement. Wang Yadong et al. [1] disclosed a reinforcement method for soft soil foundation reinforcement based on vibratory jetting structure. This invention patent takes into account that in the process of building construction, some soft soil foundation reinforcement cannot meet the requirements of building bearing capacity, and proposes a reinforcement method for soft soil foundation reinforcement. This method has the advantages of simple construction process, improved stress distribution of soil, improved bearing capacity of soft soil foundation reinforcement, and guaranteed strength of soft soil foundation reinforcement. It solves the problem that if the reinforcement of soft soil foundation is properly reinforced, the construction process is complicated, and if the construction is simple, the reinforcement effect is not ideal. Wu Hui [2] carried out a detailed study on the electroosmotic reinforcement method for soft soil foundation reinforcement. This study summarized the research status of electroosmotic reinforcement technology, carried out electroosmotic consolidation model test, and gained an in-depth understanding of the macroscopic laws and microscopic characteristics of electroosmotic consolidation of soft soil foundation reinforcement. In addition, this study also improved the electroosmotic consolidation theoretical model, developed numerical calculation method, and promoted the application of electroosmotic consolidation technology.

[0031] However, in highly sensitive, high-moisture silty soils, vibro-jetting structures can disrupt the original soil structure, leading to a temporary decrease in soil strength and even localized liquefaction. Furthermore, in strata containing numerous boulders or hard interlayers, vibro-jetting devices are prone to jamming or deflection, significantly reducing construction efficiency or even making construction impossible. Electro-osmosis reinforcement of soft soil primarily drains free water, with limited effect on bound water. Moreover, the voltage and current during electro-osmosis need to be dynamically adjusted according to the soil resistivity, but existing monitoring methods struggle to provide accurate real-time feedback.

[0032] In conclusion, existing soft soil reinforcement technologies have many shortcomings, so it is necessary to develop a more efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical soft soil reinforcement technology.

[0033] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a soft soil reinforcement structure includes a biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton structure, a dual-interface enhanced erosion-resistant system 5, a groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system, and a graded grouting and intelligent monitoring and control system.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure includes a three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure 4, an internal hollow grouting channel 3, a grouting outlet hole and a grouting connection end 1. The three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure 4 includes a high-modulus carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix central bearing layer 15, a medium-modulus basalt and glass fiber hybrid reinforced gradient transition layer 16, and a low-modulus glass fiber reinforced outer bonding layer 17, which are sequentially composited in the radial direction. The elastic modulus decreases from the inside to the outside, perfectly matching the radial stress distribution law of soft soil on land. The built-in hollow grouting channel 3 is opened in the three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure 4. The built-in hollow grouting channel 3 is provided with an inclined grouting outlet hole. The inclined grouting outlet hole is provided with a grouting reinforcement pipe 8, which is inclined; thus realizing the integration of reinforcement and grouting. The biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure has a conical implant head at the bottom to facilitate implantation by land drilling rigs, and a grouting connection end 1 at the top, which integrates pressure and displacement monitoring interfaces. The top of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure is connected to the grouting connection end 1; integrated pressure and displacement monitoring interface.

[0035] The hollow grouting channel 11 inside the bottom conical structure is set along the central axis of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, and runs from the grouting connection end 1 at the top to the bottom conical structure 9. Its function is to provide a continuous transport path for the groundwater resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification grout, and to ensure the uniform transport of the grout from the top to the bottom.

[0036] Ground line 13 is used to define the entire reinforced structure below ground level.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dual-interface reinforced corrosion-resistant system 5 includes a graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer 6 and a porous polymer-loaded slow-release interface modification layer 7, which are sequentially compounded together.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer 6 is a dense coating. It can effectively isolate groundwater, chloride ions, and acid and alkali corrosive media, protecting the skeleton from corrosion.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the porous polymer-supported slow-release interface modification layer 7 is an active component system supported by a porous polymer carrier. The active component system includes a silane coupling agent, nano-calcium carbonate whiskers, a chloride ion curing agent, an acid-base buffer, and a pozzolanic activator. It can slowly release the active components during the curing process, simultaneously strengthening the interfacial adhesion between the skeleton and the solidified soil, and improving the erosion resistance of the surrounding solidified soil.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system includes industrial solid waste-based cementitious materials, composite activators, functional additives, and mixing water. Industrial solid waste-based cementitious materials include slag powder, fly ash, steel slag powder, and the composite activator uses modified water glass. Functional additives include retarders, early strength agents, and nano-reinforcing components.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, groundwater is used directly for mixing, requiring no additional treatment. This achieves low-carbon, cement-free solidification.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the graded grouting and intelligent monitoring and control system includes a three-stage pressurized grouting process module, a real-time sensing and acquisition module, and a cloud-based intelligent control unit.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-stage pressurized grouting process is divided into three stages: low-pressure permeation grouting, medium-pressure compaction grouting, and pressure stabilization and pressure maintenance grouting. The uniform diffusion and compaction of the solidification material in soft soil are achieved by gradient pressure control. The real-time sensing and acquisition module relies on the pressure monitoring interface, displacement monitoring interface and built-in strain and moisture content sensors at the top of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton structure to collect grouting pressure, soil displacement, moisture content and consolidation degree data in real time. The cloud-based intelligent control unit relies on data analysis algorithms to achieve dynamic control of grouting pressure, rate, and holding time. At the same time, through zoned symmetrical synchronous grouting logic, it ensures micro-disturbance control and stress uniformity in land construction.

[0044] The various subsystems work together to construct a closed-loop reinforcement system that integrates gradient reinforcement, in-situ solidification, erosion resistance, and intelligent control. This system is suitable for complex soft soil reinforcement conditions with high water content, high sensitivity, and groundwater and acid / alkali erosion environments. It also reduces engineering costs and improves construction efficiency through the resource utilization of industrial solid waste and modular construction, providing long-term and stable reinforcement guarantees for thick soft soil reinforcement while meeting the dual requirements of green and low-carbon construction and urban micro-disturbance construction.

[0045] A construction method for a soft soil reinforcement structure, based on the aforementioned soft soil reinforcement structure, includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct construction preparation and survey design; Step 2: Prefabricate and ergonomically reinforced biomimetic skeleton; Step 3: Precise implantation and positioning of the biomimetic gradient-reinforced skeleton; Step 4: Prepare and grade grout for groundwater resistant low-carbon geopolymer 14; Step 5: Conduct intelligent monitoring and dynamic control of the entire construction process; Step Six: Perform maintenance and final acceptance.

[0046] A soft soil reinforcement structure and construction method; Step 1 includes: completing the on-site acceptance of materials and intelligent monitoring terminals for the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, dual-interface reinforced corrosion-resistant system 5, groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system, and verifying the gradient stiffness parameters of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, the composition ratio of the corrosion-resistant coating, the proportion of geopolymer solid waste, and the accuracy parameters of the sensors. Based on the design scope of soft soil reinforcement, the entire reinforcement area is scanned by ground-penetrating radar to generate a three-dimensional defect model and moisture content distribution map of soft soil. Simultaneously, control lines and points are implanted on the site surface to mark the skeleton. Equipment installation slots for the intelligent construction monitoring central control system are reserved at the edge of the site to complete the layout of monitoring sensor points and the laying of data transmission links. Sensor arrangement area 2, located on the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, is used to standardize the deployment of fiber optic strain sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, resistivity sensors, and pore water pressure sensors. This enables real-time acquisition of core parameters such as grouting pressure, soil displacement, moisture content, and degree of consolidation throughout the grouting process, providing data input for the intelligent monitoring and control system. It can also accurately locate weak areas in soft soil, providing point guidance for secondary grouting.

[0047] Step two includes: reserving a hollow grouting channel 3 in the center of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, opening an inclined grouting outlet hole along the axial direction, connecting the inclined grouting outlet hole to the grouting reinforcement pipe 8, processing a conical implant head with a grouting outlet hole at the bottom end of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, a grouting hole filter screen 10 can be set in the grouting outlet hole, a bottom conical structure 9 is provided on the conical implant head, and integrating a grouting connection end 1 and a pressure and displacement monitoring interface at the top of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure; Using an integrated pultrusion and filament winding process, a high-modulus carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix central bearing layer 15, a medium-modulus basalt and glass fiber hybrid reinforcement gradient transition layer 16, and a low-modulus glass fiber reinforced peripheral bonding layer 17 are prepared sequentially. The radial elastic modulus gradient decreases through fiber layup design, and the thickness ratio of the three layers is controlled. First, a graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer 6 is sprayed to form a passivation protective layer. Then, a porous polymer-loaded slow-release interface modification layer 7, loaded with silane coupling agent, nano calcium carbonate whiskers, chloride ion curing agent, acid-base buffer and volcanic ash active activator are coated to complete the integrated treatment of corrosion resistance and interface strengthening. After passing the coating adhesion and channel unobstructedness test, it is ready for use. Step three includes: using a casing follow-up process to form the hole to avoid thixotropic collapse in soft soil; using a tracked engineering drilling rig equipped with a mechanical clamp to grab the biomimetic gradient reinforced skeleton; according to the implantation path planned by the three-dimensional defect model, the skeleton is vertically pressed into the target depth of the soft soil according to the control line; the conical implantation head guides the skeleton to successfully penetrate the soft soil layer 12, controlling the planar position and verticality of the skeleton; after the skeleton is implanted, it is fixed with the hole positioning clamp and sealing material to prevent the skeleton from shifting or floating during grouting; after the verticality and position are re-measured and qualified, the positioning construction is completed. Step four includes: preparing groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer 14 grout according to the design ratio, stirring it for 10-15 minutes using intelligent mixing equipment to ensure the grout is uniform and free of lumps; sealing the intelligent grouting pump with the top grouting connection end 1 of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, and simultaneously connecting it to the pressure and displacement monitoring terminal; adopting a three-stage pressurized grouting process: the first stage is low-pressure permeation grouting, which allows the grout to spread evenly to the micropores of the soft soil; the second stage is medium-pressure compaction grouting, which fills the large pores and squeezes and compacts the soft soil; the third stage is pressure stabilization and pressure maintenance grouting, which compensates for hydration shrinkage and eliminates interface gaps; multiple skeletons in the same reinforcement area are grouted synchronously in a zoned symmetrical manner to avoid uneven soil stress leading to uneven heave or settlement; during the grouting process, the cavity pressure is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor, and grouting is stopped when the pressure reaches the design threshold to ensure that the grout is fully filled and does not overflow; Step five includes: connecting the top monitoring interface of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, the built-in strain and moisture content sensors, and the site pore water pressure gauge to the cloud main control unit and starting the real-time monitoring module; the sensors continuously collect data on grouting pressure, soil displacement, moisture content, resistivity, and degree of consolidation and transmit them to the cloud. When abnormal surface uplift, abnormal displacement of existing buildings, or abnormal fluctuations in resistivity are detected, the system automatically triggers control commands: reducing grouting pressure or pausing grouting, and resuming construction after the displacement stabilizes; switching grouting zones or adjusting the grouting rate to ensure uniform grout diffusion; when the moisture content is higher than the design value, initiating auxiliary drainage measures to accelerate consolidation; when the moisture content of the soft soil drops below the design value and the resistivity stabilizes within the rated range, the grouting solidification stage is determined to be complete, and the grouting system is shut down. Step six includes: After grouting is completed, the reinforced area is sealed and covered to prevent rainwater erosion or external disturbance, and cured at room temperature for 28 days until the geopolymer is fully hydrated and the strength meets the standard; the undrained shear strength, compression modulus, interfacial bond strength and durability of the reinforced soft soil are tested through core drilling, static cone penetration test, plate load test and accelerated erosion test to confirm that the bearing capacity and deformation meet the design requirements; the survey data, construction records, monitoring reports and test results are compiled to form a complete acceptance document; the reusable grouting connection end 1 and monitoring equipment are recovered, the site is leveled and cleaned, and the entire reinforcement construction process is completed.

[0048] This invention adapts to the gradient deformation and long-term creep characteristics of complex soft soil under conditions of high water content, high sensitivity, groundwater, and saline-alkali erosion, thereby improving reinforcement efficiency and long-term stability, filling the gaps in existing technologies, and achieving the following objectives: Enhancing the green, low-carbon, and adaptability of materials: By adopting groundwater-resistant, low-carbon geopolymer 14 solidification material, the efficient utilization of industrial solid waste resources is achieved. At the same time, through the dual-interface reinforcement erosion-resistant subsystem, the interfacial bonding and erosion resistance of the solidified soil and the reinforced skeleton are precisely improved, completely solving the pain points of traditional solidification materials such as low solid waste utilization rate, high carbon emissions, and easy strength decay in erosive environments.

[0049] Enhanced reinforcement and solidification synergistic load-bearing efficiency: Through the gradient structure design of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforcement skeleton, the reinforcement material and the stress distribution of soft soil are perfectly matched. Combined with the hollow grouting channel 3, the reinforcement and solidification are integrated and synergistic, avoiding stress concentration and interface slippage, improving the load-bearing performance and deformation coordination of the composite structure, and solving the problems of stiffness mismatch and poor synergy of traditional reinforcement technology.

[0050] Adaptable to complex engineering scenarios and long-term durability: The integrated dual-interface reinforced erosion-resistant system effectively resists groundwater, saline-alkali and acid-alkali erosion. At the same time, the graded grouting process achieves uniform and dense solidification of soft soil. It can be widely used in soft soil reinforcement scenarios with different burial depths and geological conditions, such as urban building foundations, highway and railway subgrades, port storage yards, and reclaimed land, breaking through the bottlenecks of limited applicability and insufficient long-term durability of existing technologies.

[0051] Achieve intelligent and precise micro-disturbance control: Equipped with a graded grouting and intelligent monitoring and control subsystem, it collects and dynamically controls grouting pressure, soil displacement, moisture content and resistivity data in real time, significantly shortens response time, reduces manual intervention, improves construction efficiency and safety of urban micro-disturbance construction, and solves the problems of poor linkage and large disturbance in traditional construction monitoring.

[0052] In summary, this invention aims to create an integrated reinforcement system for soft soil reinforcement projects, combining gradient adaptation, in-situ solidification, erosion resistance protection, and intelligent management, thereby contributing to the safe and efficient advancement of the national "dual carbon" goals and new urbanization construction.

[0053] The components, modules, mechanisms, and devices in this invention that are not described in detail are all general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft soil reinforcement structure, characterized in that, It includes a biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton structure, a dual-interface reinforced erosion-resistant system (5), a groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system, and a graded grouting and intelligent monitoring and control system.

2. The soft soil reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure includes a three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure (4), an internal hollow grouting channel (3), a grouting outlet hole and a grouting connection end (1). The three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure (4) includes a high-modulus carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix central bearing layer (15), a medium-modulus basalt and glass fiber hybrid reinforced gradient transition layer (16), and a low-modulus glass fiber reinforced outer bonding layer (17) which are sequentially composited in the radial direction. The elastic modulus decreases from the inside to the outside. A hollow grouting channel (3) is opened in the three-layer gradient stiffness composite structure (4). An inclined grouting outlet hole is opened on the hollow grouting channel (3). A grouting reinforcement pipe (8) is provided on the inclined grouting outlet hole. The grouting reinforcement pipe (8) is inclined. A conical implant head is set at the bottom of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, and a grouting connection head is connected to the top of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure (1).

3. The soft soil reinforcement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-interface reinforced corrosion resistance system (5) includes a graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer (6) and a porous polymer-loaded slow-release interface modification layer (7) that are sequentially compounded. The graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer (6) is a dense coating.

4. A soft soil reinforcement structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The porous polymer-supported slow-release interface modification layer (7) is an active component system supported by a porous polymer carrier. The active component system includes silane coupling agent, nano-calcium carbonate whiskers, chloride ion curing agent, acid-base buffer and pozzolanic active activator.

5. A soft soil reinforcement structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system includes industrial solid waste-based cementitious materials, composite activators, functional additives, and mixing water; Industrial solid waste-based cementitious materials include slag powder, fly ash, steel slag powder, and the composite activator uses modified water glass. Functional additives include retarders, early strength agents, and nano-reinforcing components.

6. A soft soil reinforcement structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mixing water is directly sourced from groundwater and requires no additional treatment.

7. A soft soil reinforcement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The graded grouting and intelligent monitoring and control system includes a three-stage pressurized grouting process module, a real-time sensing and acquisition module, and a cloud-based intelligent control unit.

8. A soft soil reinforcement structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The three-stage pressurized grouting process is divided into three stages: low-pressure permeation grouting, medium-pressure compaction grouting, and pressure stabilization and maintenance grouting. Gradient pressure control is used to achieve uniform diffusion and compaction of the solidification material in soft soil. The real-time sensing and acquisition module relies on the pressure monitoring interface, displacement monitoring interface and built-in strain and moisture content sensors at the top of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton structure to collect grouting pressure, soil displacement, moisture content and consolidation degree data in real time. The cloud-based intelligent control unit relies on data analysis algorithms to achieve dynamic control of grouting pressure, rate, and holding time. At the same time, through zoned symmetrical synchronous grouting logic, it ensures micro-disturbance control and stress uniformity in land construction.

9. A soft soil reinforcement structure and construction method, characterized in that, A soft soil reinforcement structure according to any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct construction preparation and survey design; Step 2: Prefabricate and ergonomically reinforced biomimetic skeleton; Step 3: Precise implantation and positioning of the biomimetic gradient-reinforced skeleton; Step 4: Prepare and grade grout for groundwater resistant low-carbon geopolymer (14); Step 5: Conduct intelligent monitoring and dynamic control of the entire construction process; Step Six: Perform maintenance and final acceptance.

10. A construction method for a soft soil reinforcement structure, characterized by: Step 1 includes: completing the acceptance inspection of materials and intelligent monitoring terminals for the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, dual-interface reinforced corrosion-resistant system (5), groundwater resistant low-carbon geopolymer solidification system, and verifying the gradient stiffness parameters of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, the composition ratio of corrosion-resistant coating, the proportion of geopolymer solid waste and the accuracy parameters of the sensor. Based on the design scope of soft soil reinforcement, the entire reinforcement area is scanned by ground-penetrating radar to generate a three-dimensional defect model and moisture content distribution map of soft soil. Simultaneously, control lines and points are implanted on the site surface to mark the skeleton. Equipment installation slots for the intelligent construction monitoring central control system are reserved at the edge of the site to complete the layout of monitoring sensor points and the laying of data transmission links. Step 2 includes: reserving a hollow grouting channel (3) in the center of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, opening an inclined grouting outlet hole along the axial direction, connecting the inclined grouting outlet hole to the grouting reinforcement pipe (8), processing a conical implant head with a grouting outlet hole at the bottom end of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, and providing a bottom conical structure (9) on the conical implant head; integrating a grouting connection end (1) and a pressure and displacement monitoring interface at the top of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure. Using an integrated pultrusion and winding process, a high-modulus carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix central bearing layer (15), a medium-modulus basalt and glass fiber hybrid reinforcement gradient transition layer (16), and a low-modulus glass fiber reinforced peripheral bonding layer (17) are prepared sequentially. The radial elastic modulus gradient decreases through fiber layup design, and the thickness ratio of the three layers is controlled. First, a graphene-modified epoxy resin passivation protective layer (6) is sprayed to form a passivation protective layer. Then, a porous polymer-loaded slow-release interface modification layer (7) is coated, along with a silane coupling agent, nano-calcium carbonate whiskers, chloride ion curing agent, acid-base buffer, and volcanic ash active activator. This completes the integrated treatment of corrosion resistance and interface strengthening. After passing the coating adhesion and channel patency tests, the coating is ready for use. Step 3 includes: using casing follow-up process to form holes to avoid thixotropic collapse of holes in soft soil; using a tracked engineering drilling rig equipped with mechanical clamps to grab the biomimetic gradient reinforced skeleton, and according to the implantation path planned by the three-dimensional defect model, pressing the skeleton vertically into the target depth of soft soil according to the control line, and the conical implantation head to guide the skeleton to successfully penetrate the soft soil layer (12), controlling the planar position and verticality of the skeleton; after the skeleton is implanted, it is fixed by the hole positioning clamp and the sealing material to prevent the skeleton from shifting or floating during the grouting process. After the verticality and position are retested and qualified, the positioning construction is completed. Step four includes: preparing groundwater-resistant low-carbon geopolymer (14) grout according to the design ratio, stirring with intelligent mixing equipment for 10-15 minutes to ensure that the grout is uniform and free of lumps; sealing the intelligent grouting pump with the top grouting connection end (1) of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, and simultaneously connecting it to the pressure and displacement monitoring terminal, and adopting a three-stage pressurized grouting process: the first stage is low-pressure permeation grouting, which makes the grout evenly diffuse to the micropores of the soft soil; the second stage is medium-pressure compaction grouting, which fills the large pores and squeezes and compacts the soft soil; the third stage is pressure stabilization and pressure maintenance grouting, which compensates for hydration shrinkage and eliminates interface gaps; septally symmetrical synchronous grouting is adopted for multiple skeletons in the same reinforcement area to avoid uneven soil stress leading to uneven heave or settlement. During the grouting process, the cavity pressure is monitored in real time by pressure sensor. When the pressure reaches the design threshold, the grouting is stopped to ensure that the grout is fully filled and does not overflow. Step five includes: connecting the top monitoring interface of the biomimetic gradient stiffness reinforced skeleton substructure, the built-in strain and moisture content sensors, and the site pore water pressure gauge to the cloud main control unit and starting the real-time monitoring module; the sensors continuously collect data on grouting pressure, soil displacement, moisture content, resistivity, and degree of consolidation and transmit them to the cloud. When abnormal surface uplift, abnormal displacement of existing buildings, or abnormal fluctuations in resistivity are detected, the system automatically triggers control commands: reducing grouting pressure or pausing grouting, and resuming construction after the displacement stabilizes; switching grouting zones or adjusting the grouting rate to ensure uniform grout diffusion; when the moisture content is higher than the design value, initiating auxiliary drainage measures to accelerate consolidation; when the moisture content of the soft soil drops below the design value and the resistivity stabilizes within the rated range, the grouting solidification stage is determined to be complete, and the grouting system is shut down. Step six includes: After grouting is completed, the reinforced area is sealed and covered to prevent rainwater erosion or external disturbance, and cured at room temperature for 28 days until the geopolymer is fully hydrated and the strength meets the standard; the undrained shear strength, compression modulus, interfacial bond strength and durability of the reinforced soft soil are tested by core drilling, static cone penetration test, plate load test and anti-erosion accelerated test to confirm that the bearing capacity and deformation meet the design requirements; the survey data, construction records, monitoring reports and test results are sorted out to form a complete acceptance document; the reusable grouting connection end (1) and monitoring equipment are recycled, the site is leveled and cleaned, and the entire reinforcement construction process is completed.

Images