A support bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of subway engineering foundation pit support technology, and discloses a support bearing device for foundation pit laying in urban rail transit protection zones, including a prestressed absorption component. The prestressed absorption component includes a main mounting column, the upper end of which is connected to multiple connecting bolts by threads. The outer side of the connecting bolts is provided with a silicone outer protective sleeve. The prestressed absorption component realizes a multi-directional buffer absorption structure. By utilizing the flexible contact between the stress support plate and the soil, combined with the adaptive movement of the hinge rod, the dispersed prestress generated by the micro-vibration of the soil around the foundation pit in the subway protection zone drives the soil to compress the stress support plate. The stress is then transferred to the stress absorption spring through the sliding sleeve, achieving efficient attenuation and absorption of micro-vibration energy. This effectively cuts off the transmission path of micro-vibration between the soil and the support structure, avoiding micro-vibration-induced soil loosening or resonance damage to the subway structure, and realizing adaptive absorption of micro-vibration prestress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of foundation pit support for subway engineering, specifically a bearing device for laying support in foundation pits of urban rail transit protection zones. Background Technology

[0002] Construction of foundation pits within subway protection zones must simultaneously consider both the stability of the pit itself and the safety of subway operations. However, the micro-vibration prestress generated by subway operation vibrations and construction disturbances in the surrounding soil has become a core hidden danger affecting both safety aspects. This type of micro-vibration prestress is characterized by wide frequency, small amplitude, and long duration. It is continuously transmitted through the contact interface between the soil and the support structure, causing loosening of soil particles and changes in pore water pressure on the pit sidewalls, leading to the risk of slope slippage or local collapse. The foundation pit soil is a loose, aggregated medium with multiple particles, colloids, and pores. The soil particles are naturally compressed and interlocked, and an initial compressive stress field exists. When the subway passes or the foundation pit is disturbed, causing high-frequency and weak soil micro-vibrations, the soil particles will undergo continuous small reciprocating displacement, compression and compaction deformation. The internal particle arrangement structure of the soil is forced to change slightly, and the compressive and shear forces between the particles continue to fluctuate, which in turn generates compressive prestress in the soil layer. The long-term reciprocating micro-vibrations and the continuously generated soil prestress will continue to act on the side wall of the foundation pit. First, it causes uneven stress on the contact surface of the traditional support plate. The support plate is displaced due to vibration, resulting in local stress concentration.

[0003] However, most existing foundation pit support bearing devices are rigid support structures with hard friction contact between the support structure and the soil, which cannot buffer the instantaneous impact of micro-vibrations, leading to stress concentration and accumulation. The support structure is prone to local damage. On the other hand, there is a lack of prestress release, only absorption without release. Long-term absorption without release will lead to continuous stress accumulation. After exceeding the threshold, plastic deformation or elastic failure will easily occur. Not only will the subsequent micro-vibration absorption capacity be lost, but component damage may also cause stress imbalance in the support structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A support bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones includes a support plate, wherein a prestress absorbing component is provided in the middle of the support plate.

[0007] The prestress-absorbing component includes a main mounting column. The upper end of the main mounting column is fixedly connected to the middle of the support plate by multiple connecting bolts. A silicone outer protective sleeve is provided on the outside of the main mounting column. Multiple strip-shaped mounting shells are fixedly connected to the middle of the main mounting column. A sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the front end of the strip-shaped mounting shell. A pair of symmetrical hinge rods are hinged to the front end of the sliding sleeve. One end of each pair of hinge rods is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft. A connecting support plate is hinged to the pair of connecting shafts. A stress support plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting support plate. Multiple spheres are rotatably connected to the front end of the stress support plate.

[0008] Preferably, a lead screw is rotatably connected inside the strip-shaped mounting shell, a gear is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lead screw, a lifting block is installed in the middle of the lead screw via a threaded sleeve, the lifting block is slidably connected to the interior of the strip-shaped mounting shell, a limit sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell, a driving block is slidably connected inside the limit sleeve, one end of the driving block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting support plate, a rack is slidably connected to the lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell, the rack meshes with the gear, an absorbent sleeve is also slidably connected to the front end of the strip-shaped mounting shell, a stress-absorbing spring is fixedly connected inside the absorbent sleeve, a sliding rod is fixedly connected to one end of the stress-absorbing spring, one end of the sliding rod is slidably connected to the interior of the absorbent sleeve, the lower end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve, and the upper end of the absorbent sleeve abuts against the lower end of the lifting block.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the strip-shaped mounting shell is provided with a pair of sliding limiting grooves, the lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell is provided with a driving groove, the lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell is provided with an H-shaped groove that cooperates with the rack for sliding limiting, the middle part of the rack is fixedly connected with a T-shaped protrusion that cooperates with the H-shaped groove for sliding, and the rack is fixedly connected with a circumferential block at the end near the driving block.

[0010] Preferably, the rear end of the connecting support plate is triangular, and a pair of slots that are hinged to the connecting shaft are provided at the rear end of the connecting support plate.

[0011] Preferably, the stress support plate is arched in shape with an arc of 120 degrees.

[0012] Preferably, the sliding sleeve and the connecting shaft are both fixedly connected with sliding limiting protrusions that slide in conjunction with the sliding limiting grooves on the inner sidewall of the strip-shaped mounting shell.

[0013] Preferably, the overall shape of the lifting block is H-shaped.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the limiting sleeve is provided with a sliding groove, the overall shape of the driving block is L-shaped, and rectangular protrusions that cooperate with the sliding groove are fixedly connected to both ends of the driving block. A retaining block is fixedly connected to one end of the driving block near the rack, and the retaining block is adapted to the circumferential block. The inside of the driving block is provided with a stroke groove that cooperates with the insertion of the rack.

[0015] Preferably, the main mounting column has multiple recessed grooves in the middle for mounting within the strip-shaped mounting shell, and the silicone outer protective sleeve has multiple through holes in the middle for the stress support plate to pass through. The edges of the through holes in the middle of the silicone outer protective sleeve are fixedly connected to the middle of the stress support plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. This invention realizes a multi-directional buffer absorption structure through a prestressed absorption component. By utilizing the flexible contact between the stress support plate and the soil, combined with the adaptive movement of the hinged rod, the dispersed prestress generated by the micro-vibration of the soil around the subway protection pit drives the soil to compress the stress support plate. This stress is then transferred to the stress absorption spring through the sliding sleeve, achieving efficient attenuation and absorption of micro-vibration energy. This effectively cuts off the transmission path of micro-vibration between the soil and the support structure, avoiding the loosening of the pit soil or resonance damage to the subway structure caused by micro-vibration, and realizing adaptive absorption of micro-vibration prestress.

[0018] 2. This invention achieves adaptive prestress release through a prestress absorption component. When the stress absorption spring absorbs micro-vibration prestress to a threshold, the connecting support plate triggers the screw to rotate, driving the lifting block to retract, thereby releasing the spring potential energy. At the same time, the released stress absorption spring can quickly recover its elastic potential energy to continuously cope with subsequent micro-vibration prestress, thus achieving adaptive prestress release.

[0019] 3. This invention utilizes a freely rotating sphere positioned at the front end of a stress support plate. The sphere forms a rolling contact with the soil on the sidewall of the foundation pit. When subway operation or foundation pit disturbance generates micro-vibrations accompanied by minor compressive prestress, the sphere can adaptively rotate in real time, converting the high-frequency micro-vibration hard friction and rigid compressive force transmitted by the soil into rolling friction. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable structure of the silicone outer protective sleeve of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the main mounting column and strip mounting shell of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the connecting support plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the strip-shaped mounting shell of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view of the connecting support plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ground-fixed construction structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sidewall construction structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Prestress-absorbing component; 2. Support plate; 101. Main mounting column; 102. Connecting bolt; 103. Silicone outer protective sleeve; 104. Strip mounting shell; 105. Sliding sleeve; 106. Hinge rod; 107. Connecting shaft; 108. Connecting support plate; 109. Stress support plate; 110. Sphere; 111. Lead screw; 112. Gear; 113. Lifting block; 114. Limiting sleeve; 115. Rack; 116. Drive block; 117. Absorbing sleeve; 118. Sliding rod; 119. Stress-absorbing spring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a support bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones, including a support plate 2, with a prestress absorption component 1 provided in the middle of the support plate 2;

[0033] The prestress-absorbing component 1 includes a main mounting column 101. The upper end of the main mounting column 101 is fixedly connected to the middle of the support plate 2 by multiple connecting bolts 102. The outer side of the main mounting column 101 is provided with a silicone outer protective sleeve 103. Multiple strip-shaped mounting shells 104 are fixedly connected to the middle of the main mounting column 101. A sliding sleeve 105 is slidably connected to the front end of the strip-shaped mounting shell 104. A pair of vertically symmetrical hinge rods 106 are hinged to the front end of the sliding sleeve 105. One end of each pair of hinge rods 106 is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft 107. A connecting support plate 108 is hinged to the pair of connecting shafts 107. A stress support plate 109 is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting support plate 108. Multiple spheres 110 are rotatably connected to the front end of the stress support plate 109.

[0034] The strip-shaped mounting shell 104 is internally connected to a lead screw 111, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to a gear 112. A lifting block 113 is mounted on the middle of the lead screw 111 via a threaded sleeve. The lifting block 113 is slidably connected to the interior of the strip-shaped mounting shell 104. A limit sleeve 114 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell 104. A driving block 116 is slidably connected inside the limit sleeve 114. One end of the driving block 116 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting support plate 108. The lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell 104 is slidably connected to the lower end of the support plate 108. A rack 115 is dynamically connected, and the rack 115 meshes with a gear 112. An absorber sleeve 117 is also slidably connected to the front end of the strip-shaped mounting shell 104. A stress-absorbing spring 119 is fixedly connected inside the absorber sleeve 117. A sliding rod 118 is fixedly connected to one end of the stress-absorbing spring 119. One end of the sliding rod 118 is slidably connected to the inside of the absorber sleeve 117. The lower end of the sliding rod 118 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve 105. The upper end of the absorber sleeve 117 abuts against the lower end of the lifting block 113.

[0035] Among them, the inner sidewall of the strip-shaped mounting shell 104 is provided with a pair of sliding limiting grooves, the lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell 104 is provided with a driving groove, the lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell 104 is provided with an H-shaped groove that cooperates with the rack 115 for sliding limiting, the middle part of the rack 115 is fixedly connected with a T-shaped protrusion that cooperates with the H-shaped groove for sliding, and the rack 115 is fixedly connected with a ring block at one end near the driving block 116.

[0036] The internal limiting groove and H-shaped groove of the strip mounting shell 104, together with the T-shaped protrusion and the circumferential block of the rack 115, realize the sliding guidance and limiting anti-disengagement of the rack 115, and ensure that the transmission structure runs smoothly without deviation.

[0037] The rear end of the connecting support plate 108 is triangular, and a pair of strip grooves are provided at the rear end of the connecting support plate 108 to be hinged to the connecting shaft 107.

[0038] By connecting the triangular structure at the rear end of the support plate 108 with the strip groove, the connecting shaft 107 can be adapted to rotate at multiple angles, thereby improving the stability of force transmission and the structural support strength.

[0039] Among them, the stress support plate 109 is arched in shape with an arc of 120 degrees.

[0040] The stress support plate 109 with a 120-degree arch structure disperses the local extrusion pressure on the soil, improves the overall bearing capacity, and avoids stress concentration that could cause structural damage.

[0041] Among them, the sliding sleeve 105 and the connecting shaft 107 are fixedly connected on both the left and right sides with sliding limit protrusions that are slidably connected to the sliding limit groove of the inner side wall of the strip-shaped mounting shell 104.

[0042] The sliding limit protrusion engages with the limiting groove of the strip mounting shell 104 to restrict the displacement trajectory of the sliding sleeve 105 and prevent lateral displacement and jamming.

[0043] The lifting block 113 is H-shaped.

[0044] The H-shaped lifting block 113 smoothly presses against the absorption sleeve 117, ensuring the limiting and restraining effect.

[0045] The inner wall of the limiting sleeve 114 is provided with a sliding groove, the overall shape of the driving block 116 is L-shaped, and rectangular protrusions that cooperate with the sliding groove are fixedly connected to both ends of the driving block 116. A hugging block is fixedly connected to one end of the driving block 116 near the rack 115. The hugging block is adapted to the ring block. The inside of the driving block 116 is provided with a stroke groove that cooperates with the rack 115 to be inserted.

[0046] Through the limiting and sliding structure of the limiting sleeve 114 and the driving block 116, as well as the docking and cooperation of the clamping block and the ring block, the thrust is transmitted and the sliding stroke is limited, so as to realize the force-driven linkage transmission.

[0047] Among them, the main mounting column 101 has multiple embedded grooves in the middle for mounting in the strip-shaped mounting shell 104, and the silicone outer protective sleeve 103 has multiple through holes in the middle for the stress support plate 109 to pass through. The edge of the through hole in the middle of the silicone outer protective sleeve 103 is fixedly connected to the middle of the stress support plate 109.

[0048] The strip-shaped mounting shell 104 is embedded and fixed by the groove embedded in the main mounting column 101, and the connection part is sealed and protected by the silicone outer protective sleeve 103 to isolate external moisture and construction impurities and extend the service life of the device.

[0049] The installation methods for the two usage scenarios are as follows:

[0050] One method is to use it as a ground-fixed stake:

[0051] A circular hole must be excavated at the bottom of the foundation pit. The prestressing absorption component 1 is then vertically inserted into the circular hole. The support plate 2, which needs to be fixed, is then fixed to the upper end of the main installation column using connecting bolts 102. The pre-embedded components are then installed as follows: Figure 9 As shown, it can be used as a bottom fixing pile to effectively reduce the positional movement caused by micro-vibrations;

[0052] Secondly, the application method of prestress absorption on the sidewall of the foundation pit:

[0053] A circular mounting hole is excavated on the side wall of the foundation pit. The entire prestressed absorption component 1 is horizontally inserted into the circular mounting hole. The support plate 2 is vertically fixed to one end of the prestressed absorption component using connecting bolts 102. Figure 10 As shown, it can be directly used to absorb and release the prestress of the foundation pit sidewall;

[0054] The detailed working principle is as follows:

[0055] The main mounting column 101 is fixedly installed by means of connecting bolts 102. The silicone outer protective sleeve 103 covers the outside of the connecting bolts 102. At the same time, the opening of the silicone outer protective sleeve 103 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stress support plate 109. The inner groove of the main mounting column 101 is embedded and limited to the strip mounting shell 104. The stress support plate 109 with an arched arc of 120 degrees fits against the side wall of the foundation pit. Multiple spheres 110 at the front end are in direct contact with the soil layer. The soil micro-vibration and alternating prestress generated by subway operation and construction disturbance are transmitted to the stress support plate 109 through the spheres 110. The spheres 110 rotate autonomously under the action of extrusion force, transforming the hard friction contact of the soil into rolling contact.

[0056] When the stress support plate 109 is subjected to force, it pushes the connecting support plate 108 to generate displacement. The triangular structure at the rear end of the connecting support plate 108, in conjunction with the strip groove, rotates with the connecting shaft 107. The connecting shaft 107, in conjunction with the upper and lower sets of hinge rods 106, swings synchronously. The hinge rods 106 pull the sliding sleeve 105 to slide vertically along the sliding limit groove inside the strip mounting shell 104. The sliding limit protrusions on both sides of the sliding sleeve 105 limit the offset and ensure the stability of the sliding trajectory. The upper end of the sliding sleeve 105 synchronously drives the sliding rod 118 to retract into the absorption sleeve 117. The sliding rod 118 compresses the stress absorption spring 119 inside the absorption sleeve 117, and the stress absorption spring 119 absorbs the micro-vibration stress transmitted by the soil through elastic deformation.

[0057] The connecting support plate 108 is subjected to stress and moves backward, causing the drive block 116, which is fixedly connected to the lower end, to move backward. After the drive block 116 moves backward a certain distance, it will push the rack 115 to move backward as follows. Figure 7The rack 115 moves backward to drive the gear 112 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 112 drives the lead screw 111 to rotate. The rotation of the lead screw 111 drives the lifting block 113 to move upward. The upward movement of the lifting block 113 releases the contact with the absorption sleeve 117, releasing the prestress absorbed by the stress absorption spring 119, thus achieving adaptive release of prestress.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones, characterized in that, Includes a support plate (2), wherein a prestress absorption component (1) is provided in the middle of the support plate (2); The prestress absorption component (1) includes a main mounting column (101). The upper end of the main mounting column (101) is fixedly connected to the middle of the support plate (2) by multiple connecting bolts (102). The outer side of the main mounting column (101) is provided with a silicone outer protective sleeve (103). Multiple strip-shaped mounting shells (104) are fixedly connected to the middle of the main mounting column (101). A sliding sleeve (105) is slidably connected to the front end of the strip-shaped mounting shell (104). A pair of symmetrical hinge rods (106) are hinged to the front end of the sliding sleeve (105). A connecting shaft (107) is rotatably connected to one end of each pair of hinge rods (106). A connecting support plate (108) is hinged to the pair of connecting shafts (107). A stress support plate (109) is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting support plate (108). Multiple spheres (110) are rotatably connected to the front end of the stress support plate (109).

2. The support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lead screw (111) is rotatably connected inside the strip-shaped mounting shell (104). A gear (112) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lead screw (111). A lifting block (113) is installed in the middle of the lead screw (111) through a threaded sleeve. The lifting block (113) is slidably connected to the inside of the strip-shaped mounting shell (104). A limit sleeve (114) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell (104). A driving block (116) is slidably connected inside the limit sleeve (114). One end of the driving block (116) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting support plate (108). The lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell (104) is slidably connected. A rack (115) is connected to the front end of the strip-shaped mounting shell (104), which meshes with a gear (112). An absorbent sleeve (117) is slidably connected to the front end of the absorbent sleeve (117). A stress-absorbing spring (119) is fixedly connected inside the absorbent sleeve (117). A sliding rod (118) is fixedly connected to one end of the stress-absorbing spring (119). One end of the sliding rod (118) is slidably connected to the inside of the absorbent sleeve (117). The lower end of the sliding rod (118) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve (105). The upper end of the absorbent sleeve (117) abuts against the lower end of the lifting block (113).

3. The support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the strip-shaped mounting shell (104) is provided with a pair of sliding limiting grooves. The lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell (104) is provided with a driving groove. The lower end of the strip-shaped mounting shell (104) is provided with an H-shaped groove that slides and limits with the rack (115). The middle part of the rack (115) is fixedly connected with a T-shaped protrusion that slides with the H-shaped groove. The rack (115) is fixedly connected with a ring block at one end near the driving block (116).

4. The support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the connecting support plate (108) is triangular, and a pair of slots are provided at the rear end of the connecting support plate (108) to be hinged to the connecting shaft (107).

5. The support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stress support plate (109) is arched in shape with an arc of 120 degrees.

6. The support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding sleeve (105) and the connecting shaft (107) are both fixedly connected to sliding limit protrusions that are slidably connected to the sliding limit grooves on the inner sidewall of the strip-shaped mounting shell (104).

7. The support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting block (113) is H-shaped.

8. The support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the limiting sleeve (114) is provided with a sliding groove. The overall shape of the driving block (116) is L-shaped. Both the left and right ends of the driving block (116) are fixedly connected with rectangular protrusions that cooperate with the sliding groove for sliding and limiting. The driving block (116) is fixedly connected with a hugging block at one end near the rack (115). The hugging block is adapted to the circumferential block. The inside of the driving block (116) is provided with a stroke groove that cooperates with the insertion of the rack (115).

9. A support and bearing device for laying foundation pits in urban rail transit protection zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main mounting column (101) has multiple recessed grooves in the middle for mounting the strip-shaped mounting shell (104). The silicone outer protective sleeve (103) has multiple through holes in the middle for mounting the stress support plate (109). The edge of the through hole in the middle of the silicone outer protective sleeve (103) is fixedly connected to the middle of the stress support plate (109).

Images