A corrugated support formwork

Abstract

This invention discloses a corrugated support formwork, belonging to the field of civil engineering support components, used for support between the outer side of concrete components and the soil, enabling mechanical interlocking constraint of the soil on the concrete component. The formwork body is integrally and continuously formed with a long strip-shaped corrugated tooth structure along its length or width. The corrugated teeth consist of alternating outwardly convex peaks and inwardly concave troughs; trapezoidal, semi-circular, and spike-shaped peak cross-sections can be selected according to the site soil conditions. The formwork can be rotated and adjusted according to the design stress direction of the concrete, so that the corrugation direction is perpendicular to the design stress direction. After forming, the concrete component and the soil form a concave-convex interlocking structure, suitable for various foundation support scenarios.

Description

1. Technical Field This invention relates to the field of civil engineering construction components, and is particularly applicable to support structures between concrete components and soil. 2. Background Technology Existing concrete support systems mostly use smooth flat steel formwork, which is applied in two types of work: open-cut casting and backfilling after formwork removal, and permanent burial support for foundation pits.

[0001] Smooth flat plates have limited bending resistance, so the industry generally uses standard thickness plates combined with a large number of joists and supporting components to meet the support stiffness requirements. Standard thickness plates are relatively heavy, resulting in high overall investment in material procurement, transportation, and on-site assembly; bulging is still prone to occur during the concrete pouring stage, and the dimensions of the formed components are prone to deviation, requiring additional grinding and finishing later; when used in permanent burial conditions in foundation pits, they are subjected to long-term lateral earth pressure, requiring additional reinforcement components to assist in load bearing.

[0002] Meanwhile, the surface of the concrete outer wall formed by casting with flat formwork is smooth and flat, only able to form a planar contact with the soil, resulting in low interfacial friction and difficulty in forming a stable interlocking structure. Under the long-term action of soil settlement, groundwater pressure, and vibration loads, the concrete component is prone to detaching from the soil, and the soil's restraining effect on the component is limited, making it difficult to guarantee the long-term stability of the structure. 3. Summary of the Invention 3.1 Technical problems to be solved To address the current situation where existing smooth flat formwork relies on conventionally thick plates and numerous supporting structures to achieve the required rigidity, and the formed concrete outer wall cannot form an interlocking structure with the soil, this invention proposes a corrugated support formwork. This invention enhances the formwork's own support rigidity through a corrugated structure, allowing for appropriate thinning of the plates while maintaining the same rigidity standard. During demolding and backfilling, it can form a corrugated concrete outer wall that interlocks with the backfill soil. Even when permanently embedded in the soil, the formwork maintains a stable interlocking effect. Furthermore, the installation angle of the formwork can be adjusted by rotation according to the designed stress direction of the component, adapting to various construction conditions.

[0003] 3.2 Technical Solution A corrugated support formwork, wherein the main body of the formwork is integrally formed with a continuous concave-convex corrugated structure; the corrugations can be arranged horizontally or vertically along the surface of the formwork, and the cross-sectional geometry of the formwork can be changed through the corrugated structure, significantly improving the moment of inertia of the cross section. While ensuring the support stiffness, the formwork can be appropriately thinned, while improving the overall bending stiffness and resistance to lateral earth pressure, and reducing the number of supporting joists and support components.

[0004] The template has a continuous corrugated structure, with the side facing the concrete serving as the forming surface. During the pouring process, the corrugated cross-sectional shape is completely replicated onto the outer surface of the concrete.

[0005] This template includes two construction modes: 1. After the open-cut scene is poured, the formwork is removed. The concrete component completely replicates the corrugated cross-section of the formwork. The corrugated outer wall is embedded in the backfill soil, which effectively increases the contact friction area between the component and the soil, forming a stable interlocking structure. 2. In situations such as foundation pits, slopes, and mountain support where lateral earth pressure needs to be resisted and the formwork cannot be removed after casting, the formwork is permanently buried inside the soil. It relies on its own corrugated structure to embed itself into the surrounding soil, thereby increasing the contact friction area to achieve reliable interlocking.

[0006] During construction, the installation angle of the support formwork can be adjusted by rotating according to the actual stress direction of the component, so that the corrugation arrangement direction is perpendicular to the main stress direction of the component, forming a mechanical interlocking structure between the soil and the concrete component.

[0007] 3.3 Beneficial Effects 1. The corrugated structure increases the moment of inertia of the plate section. Compared with traditional flat plate formwork, the plate can be appropriately thinned under the same support stiffness standard, making the overall formwork lighter and more convenient to handle and assemble on site. At the same time, it has stronger bending resistance and lateral earth pressure resistance, which can significantly reduce the amount of keel and support components used, and reduce the overall input of materials, transportation and labor.

[0008] 2. The concrete outer wall after casting completely replicates the corrugated shape, and the concave and convex structure is embedded in the soil, which significantly increases the contact friction area between the component and the soil. It can resist the problem of component separation from the soil caused by soil settlement, groundwater infiltration and softening, groundwater pressure, and vibration load, and has better long-term support stability.

[0009] 3. The formwork structure is highly versatile and can be used for open-cut casting, formwork removal, and backfilling construction, as well as for foundation pits, slopes, mountain support, and other conditions where formwork cannot be removed after casting and lateral earth pressure needs to be resisted for a long time. It is suitable for a wide range of construction scenarios.

[0010] 4. The integrally molded corrugated structure has excellent mechanical integrity, is not easy to bend or deform locally, and has a lower probability of breakage when repeatedly disassembled and used, effectively improving the service life of the template and further reducing the material cost per construction.

[0011] 5. The corrugated concrete components are interlocked with the surrounding soil to form a two-way constraint system: the soil restricts the lateral slippage and displacement of the concrete components through the interlocking structure, while the concrete components simultaneously constrain the deformation of the surrounding soil, inhibit soft soil creep, and prevent groundwater and mud seepage from disturbing the soil. The two-way synergy reduces the probability of structural defects such as cracking and displacement, and significantly reduces the amount of maintenance work in the later stage. 4. Description of the attached drawings Figure 1This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of three corrugated peak sections of the corrugated support template of the present invention; Among them: 1-trapezoidal wave crest corrugation structure, 2-spiky wave crest corrugation structure, 3-semi-circular wave crest corrugation structure. 5. Detailed Implementation 1. The corrugated support formwork of this invention can be processed from either steel plate or plastic plate, and has multiple forming and processing options: when made of steel plate, it can be formed by roller pressing or bending with a bending machine; when made of plastic plate, it is formed by molding. The formwork body has a long strip-shaped corrugated tooth structure, the corrugated teeth are composed of alternating outward convex peaks and inward concave troughs, and the corrugations can be arranged transversely or longitudinally along the plate surface.

[0012] 2. This invention allows for flexible selection of the corrugation layout along the length or width of the sheet material, depending on the actual application scenario. Small-sized corrugated structures are preferentially pressed along the length of the sheet material to form a conventional long strip corrugated structure. For large-sized, large-protrusion corrugated structures required for large structures such as dams, due to the limitation of the conventional width of the sheet material, it is preferentially rolled along the length of the sheet material to arrange the crests and troughs laterally along the sheet material. This allows for the formation of corrugated structures with large spans and large protrusions according to engineering requirements, making it suitable for use in large-scale civil engineering support projects.

[0013] 3. This invention allows for flexible adjustment of the formwork installation angle based on the actual stress direction of different concrete structures, ensuring that the direction of the long corrugated strips is perpendicular to the stress direction of the main component. The interlocking structure of the corrugated strips achieves directional constraint of the soil on the concrete component. In highway slope backfilling and support, where the component primarily bears vertical loads, the transverse arrangement of the corrugations effectively constrains vertical displacement, preventing vertical floating, settlement, and voiding. For power transmission tower guy wire bases, which are inclined load-bearing components, the long corrugated strips are arranged perpendicular to the inclined tensile force direction during construction. Mechanical interlocking counteracts the inclined tensile force displacement, meeting the requirements for inclined anchoring support. In the dam support work, the bottom formwork adopts an integral long strip arc-shaped corrugated layout along the width of the river and the length of the dam body. The whole structure bends upstream with the dam body to form an anti-arch structure, and the corrugations are laid out in an integral arc shape along the dam body. The mountain support on both sides of the dam adopts a vertical long strip corrugated structure that is inclined downstream to stabilize and interlock the soil on both sides of the mountain body, thereby improving the overall anchoring stability and anti-sliding capacity of the dam body.

[0014] 4. For irregularly shaped concrete components such as annular foundation pits, circular and elliptical piers, and bridge piers, this invention allows the template to be bent and folded as a whole to fit the arc-shaped outer contour of the component, while maintaining the corrugated structure and corrugation angles of the template itself. During the construction of annular foundation pits, the template is bent and arranged along the arc of the pit, with the corrugations still arranged laterally, ensuring stable anti-settlement and anti-uplift anchoring of the foundation pit soil. For buried circular and elliptical piers and bridge piers, a composite corrugated arrangement can be used. The lower section of the pier buried underground uses a transverse corrugated arrangement, primarily serving as a restraint against uplift and settlement; the upper section uses a surrounding vertical corrugated arrangement, limiting the component's forward, backward, left, and right displacement in multiple directions, achieving anti-tilting, anti-slip, and anti-overturning support effects.

[0015] 5. This invention features three wave crest cross-section structures: spiked, trapezoidal, and semi-circular. The appropriate structure can be selected based on different soil conditions and stress environments to achieve targeted support effects. Spiked wave crests are primarily used in sandy soil conditions. The spiked structure effectively penetrates the loose sand layer, significantly increasing the mechanical interlocking friction between the structure and the sand. Simultaneously, the sand's excellent flow and filling characteristics allow it to fully fill the gaps between the crests and troughs, maximizing the effective contact area between the soil and the formwork structure, and significantly improving the pull-out resistance, anti-slip anchoring performance in sandy soil conditions. Trapezoidal wave crests are suitable for neutral soil, soil-rock mixtures, dry compacted soil, and other conventional soil conditions. The trapezoidal structure has a regular stress-bearing end face, forming a stable interlocking structure with the soil, uniformly transmitting soil constraint forces, and is suitable for most conventional civil engineering support scenarios. Semi-circular crests are mainly used in working environments with rich mud, high water content, and soft, unconsolidated soil. The curved surface has no stress concentration and uniform stress distribution, which can effectively buffer and resist the lateral pressure of mud and hydrostatic pressure, avoid local deformation and soil stripping, and meet the support and stability requirements of complex soft soil geology.

[0016] 6. It should be noted that the structural forming methods, corrugated layout forms, structure adaptation schemes, and soil condition matching types listed above in this invention are all preferred embodiments and exemplary application scenarios of this invention, and are only used to clearly illustrate the structural features, working principles, and advantages of this invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Simple substitutions, conventional adjustments, combination adaptations, and non-creative improvements made by those skilled in the art based on the core technical solutions of this invention all fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A corrugated support formwork for supporting concrete components and soil, characterized in that, Includes a template body; the corrugated support template is provided with a long strip-shaped corrugated tooth structure, the corrugated tooth being composed of alternating outward convex peaks and inward concave valleys.

2. The corrugated support template according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crest cross section is selected from any one of trapezoidal, semi-circular, or spike-shaped.

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