A retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device and construction method

Abstract

This invention discloses a retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device and construction method, belonging to the field of caisson construction technology. The device includes a square hollow outer frame, with two sets of hydraulic cylinders fixedly installed at the front, back, left, and right sides. Two sets of hydraulic cylinders on the same side jointly drive a push plate. A monitoring component is provided on the outer side of the push plate, including a pad and a matrix-distributed pressure sensor. A control component and hydraulic circuit interface assembly are located at the top of the outer frame, a height sensing component is located at the bottom, and corner height adjustment components are located at the four corners of the top. The device is hoisted and lowered into the caisson, automatically leveled by the height sensing component and the corner height adjustment components. The hydraulic cylinders extend to make the pad fit against the caisson wall, and the pressure sensors collect pressure data in real time and transmit it to the control component. When local pressure is abnormal, the control component issues an early warning and adjusts the output force of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder. This invention achieves real-time monitoring of caisson wall pressure and active adjustable support, effectively preventing caisson wall cracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of caisson construction technology, and in particular to a retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Caisson construction is a construction method that uses a pre-built reinforced concrete shaft-shaped structure on the ground as a support for the pit walls. Under the protection of the shaft walls, soil is excavated inside the caisson using machinery and manual labor, and the caisson sinks into the soil under its own weight.

[0003] Existing well wall support devices used in caisson construction are mostly fixed-length steel beams or steel structure support frames, installed longitudinally and laterally on the inner side of the well wall. However, these support devices can only provide passive support and cannot monitor the pressure on the well wall in real time, making it difficult for construction personnel to grasp the stress state of different areas of the well wall. When the lateral water pressure or soil pressure on the well wall changes drastically, the local pressure may exceed the well wall's bearing capacity. Due to the lack of monitoring and early warning methods, it is difficult to detect and take timely intervention measures, leading to well wall deformation or even cracking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this invention provides a retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device and construction method, aiming to improve the problem that existing caisson construction wall support devices lack real-time monitoring and active adjustment functions for well wall pressure, making it difficult to prevent well wall cracking.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device, comprising an outer frame, two sets of hydraulic cylinders fixedly installed on the front, rear, left and right sides of the outer frame, a push plate fixedly connected to the output ends of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders on the same side, and a monitoring component fixedly connected to the outer side of the push plate.

[0006] The monitoring component includes a pad, which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the push plate. The pad has multiple sensor mounting slots, which are arranged in a matrix on the pad. A pressure sensor is fixedly installed in the sensor mounting slot. The output end of the pressure sensor is fixedly connected to a contact plate, and the outer diameter of the contact plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the sensor mounting slot.

[0007] A control component is fixedly installed on the top of the outer frame, and the control component is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and the hydraulic cylinder respectively.

[0008] Preferably, guide cylinders are fixedly installed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the outer frame, and guide rods are slidably connected inside the guide cylinders. The guide rods are fixedly connected to the inner side of the push plate, which can ensure the smooth movement of the push plate during extension and retraction, and can withstand lateral forces, protecting the hydraulic cylinder piston rod from damage.

[0009] Preferably, the control component includes a controller housing and a main control circuit board. The controller housing is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the outer frame, and the main control circuit board is located inside the controller housing. The main control circuit board is equipped with an MCU, an information acquisition module, and a wireless connection module. A signal antenna is fixedly connected to the outside of the controller housing to facilitate wireless transmission and remote control of monitoring data.

[0010] Preferably, a local storage module is also fixedly installed on the main control circuit board, which can automatically save monitoring data when the signal is poor downhole to prevent data loss.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a sealing assembly, which includes an internally threaded fixed sleeve, a movable connecting ring, a spring, a bellows, and a magnetic ring. The internally threaded fixed sleeve is threadedly connected to the output port of the hydraulic cylinder, the movable connecting ring is magnetically fixed to the inner side of the push plate by the magnetic ring, the spring is disposed between the internally threaded fixed sleeve and the movable connecting ring, and the bellows is sleeved on the outside of the spring. The two ends of the bellows are fixedly connected to the internally threaded fixed sleeve and the movable connecting ring, respectively. This can effectively prevent water vapor and mud from corroding the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and improve the reliability of the hydraulic system in harsh environments.

[0012] Preferably, a height sensing component is provided at the bottom of the outer frame. The height sensing component includes a laser range sensor and a speaker. Four sets of laser range sensors are fixedly installed at the four corners at the bottom of the outer frame. The four sets of laser range sensors are symmetrically distributed. The speaker is fixedly connected to the control component. It can detect the distance between the device and the bottom of the well in real time and broadcast voice messages, so that construction personnel can keep track of the lowering status.

[0013] Preferably, corner height adjustment components are provided at the four corners of the top of the outer frame. Each corner height adjustment component includes an outer shell, a lifting rod, a limiting block, and an electric cylinder. The outer shell is fixedly connected to the corner of the top of the outer frame. A through groove is opened at the top of the outer shell. The lifting rod is vertically inserted into the through groove and slidably connected to the through groove. The limiting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting rod. The electric cylinder is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the outer shell. The output end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting block. This can be used in conjunction with the height sensing component to achieve automatic leveling during the hoisting process and ensure that the device is placed stably.

[0014] Preferably, a hydraulic oil circuit interface assembly is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top front end of the outer frame. The hydraulic oil circuit interface assembly is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through hydraulic pipelines, so that the hydraulic pipelines are centrally arranged, which facilitates connection and operation and reduces the risk of collision damage during construction.

[0015] Preferably, the outer frame is made of aluminum alloy and has a square hollow structure, which can reduce the overall weight and the lifting load, while leaving sufficient space for excavation operations inside the well.

[0016] A construction method for a retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: Pass the steel cable of the hoisting equipment through the lifting rod of the corner height adjustment component, lift the support device as a whole and lower it into the caisson; during the lowering process, use the laser range sensor of the height sensing component to detect the distance between the device and the bottom of the caisson in real time, and control the component to calculate the tilt angle of the device based on the values ​​of the four laser range sensors.

[0018] S2: If the device is tilted, adjust the extension length of the boom by controlling the electric cylinder at the corresponding position to keep the device in a horizontal position;

[0019] S3: When the device is lowered to the predetermined height, the control component controls all hydraulic cylinders to extend synchronously, pushing the push plate to move towards the well wall, so that the pad on the outside of the push plate fits the well wall as a whole.

[0020] S4: Multiple pressure sensors distributed in a matrix simultaneously collect pressure data at different locations on the wellbore and transmit it to the MCU through the information acquisition module;

[0021] S5: The MCU performs real-time analysis of pressure data at various locations. When a local pressure anomaly is detected, it sends an early warning message to the ground control console via the wireless connection module, and simultaneously broadcasts the message through a speaker.

[0022] S6: The MCU adjusts the output force of the hydraulic cylinder at the corresponding position according to the local pressure data, so that the support force at each position of the well wall is kept within the set range.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. This invention achieves real-time acquisition and spatial distribution monitoring of caisson wall pressure by installing two sets of hydraulically driven push plates in each of the four directions (front, back, left, and right) of the outer frame, and mounting a matrix of pressure sensors on the outside of the push plates. The hydraulic cylinders can extend and retract synchronously, allowing the push plates to flexibly adjust their support radius according to the actual dimensions of the caisson wall, adapting to the construction needs of caissons with different diameters. Based on feedback signals from each pressure sensor, the control component automatically issues early warning information and adjusts the output force of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder when local pressure is abnormal, ensuring balanced stress across all areas of the caisson wall. Compared to fixed-length steel beam supports, this invention achieves both proactive monitoring and early warning, and facilitates hoisting, lowering, and retrieval.

[0025] 2. The height adjustment component, in conjunction with the laser rangefinder at the bottom, enables vertical height adjustment and automatic leveling during the hoisting and lowering of the device. The laser rangefinder detects the distance between the device and the bottom of the well, as well as the height difference at the four corners, in real time. The control component controls the extension and retraction of the corresponding electric cylinders based on the tilt angle, causing the boom to slide up and down along the outer shell, dynamically adjusting the height of each corner to ensure the device remains horizontal and is lowered smoothly, improving positioning accuracy and construction safety.

[0026] 3. A sealing assembly is installed between the output end of the hydraulic cylinder and the push plate. The bellows deforms as the hydraulic cylinder extends and retracts, wrapping around the piston rod, effectively preventing water vapor and mud at the construction site from corroding the inside of the hydraulic cylinder, thus improving the reliability and service life of the hydraulic system in harsh environments. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A top view of the structure supported by the anti-cracking device;

[0028] Figure 2 A front view schematic diagram of the support structure for the crack prevention device;

[0029] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of the monitored component;

[0030] Figure 4 A top-view partial sectional view of the control components;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a front sectional view of the height adjustment component;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a front sectional view of the sealing assembly.

[0033] Legend:

[0034] 1. Outer frame; 2. Hydraulic cylinder; 3. Push plate; 4. Monitoring components; 401. Pad plate; 402. Sensor mounting slot; 403. Pressure sensor; 404. Contact plate; 405. Guide rod; 406. Guide cylinder; 5. Control components; 501. Controller housing; 502. Main control circuit board; 503. MCU; 504. Wireless connection module; 505. Local storage module; 506. Information acquisition module; 507. Signal antenna; 6. Hydraulic oil circuit interface assembly; 7. Sealing components; 701. Internal threaded fixing sleeve; 702. Movable connecting ring; 703. Spring; 704. Bellows; 705. Magnetic ring; 8. Corner height adjustment components; 801. Outer shell; 802. Through groove; 803. Lifting rod; 804. Limit block; 805. Electric cylinder; 9. Height sensing components; 901. Laser rangefinder sensor; 902. Speaker. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Reference Figures 1-5 A retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device and construction method are disclosed, comprising an outer frame 1. Two sets of hydraulic cylinders 2 are fixedly installed on the front, rear, left, and right sides of the outer frame 1. The output ends of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders 2 on the same side are jointly connected to a push plate 3, and a monitoring component 4 is provided on the outer surface of the push plate 3. A control component 5 is provided at the middle position of the rear end of the top of the outer frame 1, and a hydraulic oil circuit interface assembly 6 is provided at the middle position of the front end of the top of the outer frame 1. Corner height adjustment components 8 are respectively provided at the four corners of the top of the outer frame 1, and a height sensing component 9 is provided at the bottom of the outer frame 1.

[0037] The outer frame 1 is made of aluminum alloy, which is lightweight and reduces the load on lifting equipment, improving safety during the lifting process. Aluminum alloy also exhibits good corrosion resistance in humid construction environments, helping to extend the overall service life of the equipment. The outer frame 1 has a square, hollow structure with a central working space to facilitate excavation operations by excavators within the well.

[0038] Two sets of hydraulic cylinders 2, located on the same side of the outer frame 1, are arranged in parallel and drive the same push plate 3 together. This ensures that the push plate 3 is subjected to uniform force, guaranteeing stable contact between the push plate 3 and the well wall, and uniform distribution of support force. Guide rods 405 are welded to the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the push plate 3, and eight sets of guide cylinders 406 are welded to the upper and lower ends of the outer frame 1. The outer diameter of the guide rods 405 matches the inner diameter of the guide cylinders 406. The guide rods 405 and guide cylinders 406 cooperate to ensure smooth movement of the push plate 3, restricting rotation or offset, and simultaneously withstanding lateral forces, protecting the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 from bending moment damage, thereby extending the service life of the hydraulic cylinder 2.

[0039] The monitoring component 4 includes a pad 401, which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the push plate 3. Multiple sensor mounting slots 402 are formed on the outer side of the pad 401. A pressure sensor 403 is fixedly installed inside each sensor mounting slot 402, and a contact plate 404 is also provided inside the sensor mounting slot 402. The output end of the pressure sensor 403 is fixedly connected to the contact plate 404, and the outer diameter of the contact plate 404 is smaller than the inner diameter of the sensor mounting slot 402. The pad 401 can disperse the supporting force, reducing localized stress concentration on the well wall. The contact plate 404 can transmit the well wall pressure to the pressure sensor 403, while also protecting the pressure sensor 403, reducing the impact of lateral forces on detection accuracy, and adapting to uneven well wall surfaces to ensure the reliability of pressure detection. Multiple pressure sensors 403 form a sensing matrix on the pad 401, which can monitor pressure changes at different locations on the well wall. When the pressure in a certain area rises abnormally, the system can quickly locate the area of ​​concentrated pressure, providing data support for analyzing the deformation trend of the well wall and facilitating construction personnel to take targeted reinforcement measures in advance.

[0040] The control component 5 includes a controller housing 501, which is fixedly connected to the middle of the top rear end of the outer frame 1. A main control circuit board 502 is fixedly connected inside the controller housing 501. An MCU 503 is fixedly mounted at the middle of the top of the main control circuit board 502. A wireless connection module 504 is located at the rear end of the top right side of the main control circuit board 502, a local storage module 505 is located at the front end of the top right side of the main control circuit board 502, and an information acquisition module 506 is located at the rear end of the top left side of the main control circuit board 502. Two sets of signal antennas 507 are located on the left side of the controller housing 501.

[0041] Pressure sensor 403 and laser rangefinder 901 are both electrically connected to information acquisition module 506, which is electrically connected to MCU 503. Wireless connection module 504 and local storage module 505 are electrically connected to MCU 503, and signal antenna 507 is electrically connected to wireless connection module 504. The control valve, electric cylinder 805, and speaker 902 of the hydraulic system are electrically connected to MCU 503. Hydraulic oil circuit interface assembly 6 is connected to each hydraulic cylinder 2 through hydraulic pipelines.

[0042] The MCU 503 can receive and process sensor information transmitted by the information acquisition module 506, and control the actions of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the electric cylinder 805 to achieve coordinated support and monitoring. The wireless connection module 504 can transmit data to the ground control console, and the local storage module 505 can automatically save monitoring data when the signal is poor downhole or the wireless transmission is interrupted, to prevent data loss and facilitate download and analysis after construction. The signal antenna 507 can improve the stability of wireless communication.

[0043] The hydraulic circuit interface assembly 6 adopts a centralized layout, facilitating the connection and operation of hydraulic pipelines. This effectively reduces the cluttered distribution of pipelines and lowers the risk of pipeline damage from excavator collisions or scraping against the well wall during construction. The internal cable layout is neat and organized, minimizing cable damage during construction. All components employ standardized designs for easy maintenance and replacement.

[0044] The corner height adjustment component 8 includes an outer shell 801, which is welded to the corner at the top of the outer frame 1. A through groove 802 is formed at the top of the outer shell 801, and a lifting rod 803 is vertically inserted into the inside of the through groove 802. A limit block 804 is welded to the bottom end of the lifting rod 803. An electric cylinder 805 is fixedly installed inside the bottom end of the outer shell 801, and the output end of the electric cylinder 805 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limit block 804. The lifting rod 803 can slide up and down along the inside of the through groove 802, and the limit block 804 can slide up and down along the inside of the outer shell 801. The electric cylinder 805 can move the lifting rod 803, thereby adjusting the height of the corresponding corner, ensuring the device remains stable during hoisting and lowering, and improving the accuracy of hoisting and positioning. This adjustment function can compensate for the length error of the hoisting cable or the unevenness of the caisson opening, and, in conjunction with the real-time feedback of the height sensing component 9, achieve closed-loop automatic leveling.

[0045] The height sensing component 9 includes four sets of laser rangefinders 901, which are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom of the outer frame 1. A speaker 902 is fixedly installed on the right side of the control component 5. The laser rangefinders 901 are symmetrically distributed about the vertical center line of the outer frame 1. The laser rangefinders 901 can detect the distance between the device and the bottom of the well in real time, and the speaker 902 can broadcast information, facilitating the monitoring of the lowering status by construction personnel. The laser rangefinders 901 can also be used to determine the tilt of the device. By comparing the four rangefinder values, the tilt angle and direction of the device can be calculated, providing a basis for adjusting the height at the corners, thereby improving the safety of the lowering process.

[0046] In operation, the steel cables of the hoisting equipment are threaded through the holes at the top of each boom 803 to lift the entire device. After power is supplied, the MCU 503 starts, and the laser rangefinder 901 begins to collect real-time distance information between the device and the bottom of the well, transmitting this information to the MCU 503 via the information acquisition module 506. The MCU 503 broadcasts the distance information through the speaker 902 and simultaneously calculates the device's tilt angle based on the values ​​from the four laser rangefinders 901. When the device tilts, the MCU 503 controls the corresponding electric cylinder 805 to adjust the extension length of the boom 803, keeping the device level.

[0047] Once the device is lowered to the predetermined height, the MCU503 controls the hydraulic system to extend the eight hydraulic cylinders 2 synchronously, pushing the push plates 3 towards the well wall. During this process, the guide rod 405 slides within the guide cylinder 406, ensuring smooth movement of the push plates 3. When the pad 401 contacts the well wall, the contact plate 404 is pressed and transmits the pressure to the pressure sensor 403. The pressure information collected by the pressure sensor 403 is transmitted to the MCU503 via the information acquisition module 506. The MCU503 adjusts the output force of the hydraulic cylinders 2 based on the pressure information, ensuring that the supporting force of each push plate 3 on the well wall remains within the set range.

[0048] During construction, pressure sensor 403 continuously collects wellbore pressure information, and MCU 503 analyzes the pressure data in real time. When a local pressure anomaly is detected, MCU 503 sends an early warning message to the ground control console via wireless connection module 504, and simultaneously broadcasts it on-site via speaker 902. It can also adjust the output force of hydraulic cylinder 2 at the corresponding position according to a preset program. All monitoring data is stored in local storage module 505 for later review.

[0049] After construction is completed, the MCU503 controls the hydraulic cylinder 2 to retract synchronously, causing the push plate 3 to separate from the well wall. Then, the device is lifted and moved out of the caisson by hoisting equipment.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Reference Figure 6 Based on Embodiment 1, a sealing component 7 is added to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2.

[0052] The sealing assembly 7 includes an internally threaded retaining sleeve 701, a movable connecting ring 702, a spring 703, a bellows 704, and a magnetic ring 705. The internally threaded retaining sleeve 701 is threadedly connected to the output port of the hydraulic cylinder 2. Eight sets of movable connecting rings 702 are magnetically fixed to the inner side of the push plate 3. A spring 703 is movably connected between the internally threaded retaining sleeve 701 and the movable connecting rings 702. A bellows 704 is sleeved on the outside of the spring 703. A magnetic ring 705 is fixedly connected to the side of the movable connecting ring 702 facing the push plate 3. The left and right sides of the bellows 704 are connected to the movable connecting ring 702 and the internally threaded retaining sleeve 701, respectively. The bellows 704 is elastic, and the internally threaded retaining sleeve 701, the movable connecting ring 702, and the bellows 704 are internally connected.

[0053] The bellows 704 deforms as the hydraulic cylinder 2 extends and retracts, encasing the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and reducing the corrosion of the hydraulic cylinder 2 by moisture, mud, etc., thereby improving the working stability and service life of the hydraulic cylinder 2. The spring 703 supports the bellows 704, preventing it from being over-compressed or collapsing during extension and retraction, ensuring that the sealing space remains effective. The magnetic connection facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the sealing assembly 7, and can also accommodate the relative displacement between the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the push plate 3, improving the adaptability of the structure.

Claims

1. A retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device, comprising an outer frame (1), characterized in that, Two sets of hydraulic cylinders (2) are fixedly installed on the front, rear, left and right sides of the outer frame (1). The output ends of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders (2) on the same side are fixedly connected to a push plate (3). A monitoring component (4) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the push plate (3). The monitoring component (4) includes a pad (401), which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the push plate (3). Multiple sensor mounting slots (402) are provided on the pad (401). The multiple sensor mounting slots (402) are distributed in a matrix on the pad (401). A pressure sensor (403) is fixedly installed in the sensor mounting slot (402). A contact plate (404) is fixedly connected to the output end of the pressure sensor (403). The outer diameter of the contact plate (404) is smaller than the inner diameter of the sensor mounting slot (402). The top of the outer frame (1) is fixedly installed with a control component (5), which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (403) and the hydraulic cylinder (2).

2. The retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower surfaces of the outer frame (1) are fixedly provided with guide cylinders (406), and guide rods (405) are slidably connected inside the guide cylinders (406). The guide rods (405) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the push plate (3).

3. The retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control component (5) includes a controller housing (501) and a main control circuit board (502). The controller housing (501) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the outer frame (1). The main control circuit board (502) is located inside the controller housing (501). The main control circuit board (502) is equipped with an MCU (503), an information acquisition module (506), and a wireless connection module (504). A signal antenna (507) is fixedly connected to the outside of the controller housing (501).

4. The retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A local storage module (505) is also fixedly installed on the main control circuit board (502).

5. The retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing assembly (7), which includes an internal threaded fixing sleeve (701), a movable connecting ring (702), a spring (703), a bellows (704), and a magnetic ring (705). The internal threaded fixing sleeve (701) is threadedly connected to the output end port of the hydraulic cylinder (2), and the movable connecting ring (702) is magnetically fixed to the inner side of the push plate (3) by the magnetic ring (705). The spring (703) is disposed between the internal threaded fixing sleeve (701) and the movable connecting ring (702). The bellows (704) is sleeved on the outside of the spring (703), and the two ends of the bellows (704) are fixedly connected to the internal threaded fixing sleeve (701) and the movable connecting ring (702) respectively.

6. The telescopic caisson wall anti-cracking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the outer frame (1) is provided with a height sensing component (9), which includes a laser range sensor (901) and a speaker (902). Four sets of laser range sensors (901) are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom of the outer frame (1). The four sets of laser range sensors (901) are symmetrically distributed. The speaker (902) is fixedly connected to the control component (5).

7. The retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four corners at the top of the outer frame (1) are respectively provided with corner height adjustment components (8). The corner height adjustment components (8) include an outer shell (801), a rod (803), a limiting block (804) and an electric cylinder (805). The outer shell (801) is fixedly connected to the corner at the top of the outer frame (1). A through groove (802) is opened at the top of the outer shell (801). The rod (803) is vertically inserted into the through groove (802) and the rod (803) is slidably connected to the through groove (802). The limiting block (804) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rod (803). The electric cylinder (805) is fixedly installed inside the bottom end of the outer shell (801). The output end of the electric cylinder (805) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limiting block (804).

8. The retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hydraulic oil circuit interface assembly (6) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top front end of the outer frame (1). The hydraulic oil circuit interface assembly (6) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (2) through a hydraulic pipeline.

9. A retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer frame (1) is made of aluminum alloy and has a square hollow structure.

10. A construction method for a retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device, comprising the retractable caisson wall anti-cracking support device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Pass the steel cable of the hoisting equipment through the boom (803) of the corner height adjustment component (8), lift the support device as a whole and lower it into the caisson; during the lowering process, use the laser range sensor (901) of the height sensing component (9) to detect the distance between the device and the bottom of the caisson in real time, and control component (5) calculates the tilt angle of the device based on the values ​​of the four laser range sensors (901); S2: If the device is tilted, the extension length of the boom (803) is adjusted by controlling the electric cylinder (805) at the corresponding position to keep the device in a horizontal position; S3: When the device is lowered to the predetermined height, the control component (5) controls all hydraulic cylinders (2) to extend synchronously and push the push plate (3) to move towards the well wall, so that the pad (401) on the outside of the push plate (3) fits the well wall as a whole. S4: Multiple pressure sensors (403) distributed in a matrix are used to simultaneously collect pressure data at different locations on the well wall and transmit the data to the MCU (503) through the information acquisition module (506). S5: The MCU (503) performs real-time analysis of the pressure data at each location. When a local pressure anomaly is detected, it sends an early warning message to the ground control console through the wireless connection module (504) and broadcasts it on-site through the speaker (902). S6: The MCU (503) adjusts the output force of the hydraulic cylinder (2) at the corresponding position according to the local pressure data, so that the support force at each position of the well wall is kept within the set range.

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