Water-resistant retaining wall

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering technology and discloses a retaining wall for water-related applications. The invention integrates an energy-dissipating cleaning component into the drainage channel, allowing it to spontaneously reciprocate or rotate under the influence of surging waves. This converts the concentrated impact energy of the surging waves into the mechanical kinetic and potential energy of the component, deflecting and dissipating the energy of the water flow. This significantly reduces the repeated impact of surging waves on the inlet filter layer of the drainage channel, inhibiting fatigue damage to the geotextile and loosening of the gravel layer, thus preventing soil loss caused by filter layer failure. Simultaneously, the collision and friction between the component and the pipe wall generate low-frequency vibrations and scraping effects, loosening deposited fine particles. Combined with the directional flushing and carrying-out effect of the deflecting water flow by the blades, this synergistically achieves self-cleaning within the pipe, maintaining an effective flow cross-section. This ensures long-term unobstructed drainage and the integrity of the filter layer, ensuring controllable water levels behind the wall, effectively avoiding disasters such as retaining wall overturning and embankment scouring and collapse, and significantly improving the structural safety margin and service life of the water-related retaining wall under strong surging waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, specifically to water-related retaining walls. Background Technology

[0002] Water-bearing retaining walls are widely used retaining structures in river, reservoir, and coastal engineering projects. Their walls typically incorporate multiple drainage channels to effectively lower the groundwater level behind the wall, release hydrostatic pressure and soil expansion pressure, and are core facilities for ensuring the stability of the wall structure and the safety of the embankment behind it. Because water-bearing retaining walls are located in areas of long-term or periodic water level fluctuation, their drainage systems not only endure continuous seepage but also frequently experience complex hydrodynamic influences such as the impact of surging waves, scouring, and collisions with floating debris in front of the wall, making their operating environment extremely harsh.

[0003] Currently, the conventional design of drainage systems for retaining walls in water-related areas typically involves pre-embedding rigid drainage channels through the wall structure, and installing a graded crushed stone filter layer at the inlet end of the drainage channel (behind the wall), with geotextile covering it as a physical filter medium. This approach aims to ensure the smooth drainage of water behind the wall, while relying on the synergistic interception effect of the geotextile and the crushed stone layer to prevent soil particles behind the wall from being carried out by seepage, thereby maintaining the relative stability of the soil behind the wall and the retaining wall structure under long-term static water conditions.

[0004] However, in actual use, the surge pressure is directly transmitted to the inlet filter layer through the low-resistance drainage channel. Repeated impact loads not only accelerate the fatigue damage of the geotextile and the loosening of the gravel layer, leading to the failure of the filter structure and the loss of a large amount of soil behind the wall with the water flow, but also cause the fine soil particles carried into the pipe by the water flow to easily deposit and adhere to the pipe wall after the sudden drop in pipe pressure, accompanied by the invasion and nesting of small burrowing aquatic animals. As a result, the drainage channel will gradually become blocked, the water level behind the wall will rise abnormally, and eventually the retaining wall may collapse and the embankment behind the wall may be eroded and collapsed over a large area. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a water-resistant retaining wall to solve the problems of poor resistance to wave impact and easy clogging in existing water-resistant retaining wall drainage structures.

[0006] The present invention provides a water-resistant retaining wall, comprising a wall body, a drainage channel, a filter layer, and an energy dissipation and cleaning assembly. The drainage channel is embedded inside the wall body; the filter layer is disposed on the inlet side of the drainage channel; the energy dissipation and cleaning assembly is configured to reciprocate or rotate along the axial direction of the drainage channel under the action of surging waves in front of the wall, so as to reduce the impact of surging wave energy on the filter layer and physically clean the inner wall of the drainage channel.

[0007] Beneficial Effects: By embedding the energy dissipation and cleaning components within the drainage channel and allowing them to spontaneously generate reciprocating or rotating motion under the action of surging waves, the concentrated impact energy transmitted from the surging waves to the drainage channel can be converted into the mechanical kinetic and potential energy of the components themselves. This also deflects and dissipates the water flow direction, significantly reducing the direct and repeated impact load of the surging waves on the inlet filter layer of the drainage channel. This effectively suppresses the problems of geotextile damage due to fatigue and loosening of the gravel layer due to vibration, avoiding soil loss and structural safety hazards caused by premature failure of the filter layer. Simultaneously, the continuous low-frequency vibration and scraping action generated through contact, collision, and friction with the inner wall of the drainage channel effectively loosens the deposited fine soil particles. Furthermore, the water flow, after being deflected by the blades, has a directional flushing and carrying effect on the loosened particles. These two actions work together to achieve self-cleaning within the pipe, enabling the drainage channel to maintain an effective flow cross-section during long-term operation and preventing a decrease in drainage capacity and abnormal rise in water level behind the wall due to long-term particle deposition. Based on this, the drainage channel can be kept unobstructed and the filter layer can be kept intact for a long time, ensuring that the groundwater level behind the wall is always within the design controllable range. This effectively avoids major engineering disasters such as the overturning of the retaining wall and the large-scale scouring and collapse of the embankment behind the wall caused by abnormal rise in water level, and greatly improves the structural safety margin and service life of the water-related retaining wall under the action of periodic strong surge waves.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the energy dissipation and cleaning assembly includes a carrier, a flow-blocking component, and a cleaning component. The carrier extends axially along the drainage channel; the flow-blocking component is disposed on the carrier to absorb the impact of surging fluid to drive the carrier to move; the cleaning component is disposed on the carrier to contact and clean the inner wall of the drainage channel during movement.

[0009] Beneficial effects: By fixing the flow-blocking component to the support component, when the surge enters the drainage channel, the flow-blocking component can actively absorb the fluid impact, concentrating the turbulent surge energy that would normally act on the entire pipe cross-section and easily cause pressure oscillations into regular mechanical energy that drives the support component to move axially. This allows the surge pressure to be intercepted in advance along the propagation path and converted into the driving force of the component, effectively blocking the direct transmission path of high-energy water flow to the inlet filter layer of the drainage channel, and significantly reducing the repeated impact load borne by the filter layer. Furthermore, by rigidly connecting the cleaning component and the flow-blocking component through the support component, the cleaning component can continuously clean the inner wall of the drainage channel during the rotation of the support component, avoiding the problem of fine particles solidifying and becoming dense during the static water interval, making them difficult to remove. Since the support component extends axially along the drainage channel, it can effectively prevent the component from deflecting, getting stuck, or eccentrically impacting the pipe wall under the action of water turbulence. This ensures that the cleaning component always acts on the inner circumferential wall of the drainage channel with a preset contact posture and pressure, avoiding dead corners in local cleaning, and reducing the risk of structural damage to the component due to instability during long-term reciprocating motion, thereby improving the service life of the device in complex dynamic water environments.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the flow obstruction is a plurality of blades arranged at intervals along the surface of the carrier.

[0011] Beneficial effects: By setting the flow-blocking element as multiple blades spaced apart along the surface of the support element, an array-like interception interface for the surging water flow is formed. When high-speed surging waves enter the drainage channel, the water flow is cut into multiple streams by each blade, forcing the flow direction to repeatedly deflect and forming local turbulent vortices at the blade tails. This gradually disperses the original concentrated impact kinetic energy of the surging waves and converts it into the mechanical energy of the blade rotation / reciprocating motion and the turbulent dissipation energy inside the water body, thereby reducing the residual impact pressure transmitted to the inlet filter layer of the drainage channel. At the same time, the fixed gap between the blades ensures that the drainage channel still has a smooth flow passage under normal seepage conditions, and will not raise the water level behind the wall due to the addition of flow-blocking elements. When the blades move with the support element under the action of the water flow in front of the wall, each blade generates periodic disturbance and acceleration effects on the water flow passing through the gap, forming a high-frequency pulsating shear flow in the near-wall area of ​​the pipe. This quickly picks up and carries away the loose particles scraped off the pipe wall by the cleaning element, avoiding secondary deposition of particles at the bottom of the pipe. In addition, multiple blades are arranged at intervals along the surface of the support, so that at every moment when the support rotates or reciprocates, blades are in working condition at different angles of the cross section of the drainage channel and in different sections of the longitudinal section. This ensures that the contact frequency and contact pressure between the cleaning component and the pipe wall are evenly distributed along the length of the pipe, eliminating cleaning dead angles and uneven wear phenomena that may be caused by a single flow obstruction component, and allowing the deposits on the inner wall of the entire drainage channel to be loosened in a timely and even manner.

[0012] In one alternative embodiment, the cleaning component is a cylindrical scraper connected to the end of the blade, the outer diameter of the cylindrical scraper being adapted to the inner diameter of the drainage channel.

[0013] Beneficial effects: By setting the cleaning component as a cylindrical scraper connected to the end of the blade to form a whole, all the motion generated by the blade bearing the impact of the surging waves can be transmitted to the cylindrical scraper, realizing the synchronous linkage of driving force being instantly converted into scraping action. Furthermore, by adapting the outer diameter of the cylindrical scraper to the inner diameter of the drainage channel, a ring-shaped contact interface distributed along the entire circumference is formed between the scraper and the pipe wall. When the carrier component generates reciprocating or rotating motion under the drive of the surging waves, this cylindrical structure can act synchronously on the entire circumferential cross-section of the inner wall of the pipe, rather than being limited to the angular direction of the blade, ensuring that the deposits at every location on the pipe wall are scraped evenly, effectively avoiding residue or localized cleaning blind spots caused by scraping in one direction.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the cylindrical scraper body is composed of a plurality of circumferentially distributed scrapers, with gaps formed between adjacent scrapers to allow fluid to pass through.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Multiple scrapers are distributed circumferentially with gaps between them. This allows the cylindrical scraper to scrape away sediment along the pipe wall while the gaps between the scrapers form an immediate slag discharge channel. Soil particles peeled off the pipe wall by the scrapers can be carried through the gaps and discharged towards the outlet by axial seepage or surge backflow without waiting for the component to reverse. This prevents the scraped mud and sand from continuously accumulating, being compressed, and re-caking on the water-facing side of the scrapers. Simultaneously, the gaps between adjacent scrapers allow water to pass directly through the cylindrical scraper during component movement, rather than being forced to bypass the annular gap between the component's outer wall and the pipe wall. This reduces the fluid resistance faced by the scraper during reciprocating motion within the pipe, ensuring the device can still perform its daily cleaning function under non-extreme operating conditions. Furthermore, when water flows through the gaps between the scrapers under surge pressure, the sudden contraction and expansion of the water flow cross-section generates localized high-speed turbulent jets and micro-vortices at the gap outlet and on the backflow side of the scrapers, creating a suction and lifting effect on loose particles deposited in the pipe bottom trench.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the energy dissipation and cleaning assembly further includes an end protector. The end protector is disposed near one end of the filter layer and is used to disperse the impact force of the carrier on the filter layer when the carrier moves toward the filter layer to the end of its stroke.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By adding end protection components, the concentrated impact force at the end of the bearing component is dispersed into distributed pressure acting on the surface of the filter layer by increasing the contact area, thereby reducing the impact pressure and ensuring that the peak stress borne by the geotextile covering the filter layer is always within its fatigue strength allowable range, thus improving service life.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the water-resistant retaining wall further includes a fixed maintenance component, which is disposed at the outlet end of the drainage channel to confine the energy dissipation and cleaning component inside the drainage channel and to allow for detachable installation and replacement of the energy dissipation and cleaning component.

[0019] In one optional embodiment, the fixed maintenance assembly includes an outer sleeve, fasteners, and a limiting structure. The outer sleeve is fitted around the outer periphery of the outlet end of the drainage channel; the fasteners are used to detachably fix the outer sleeve to the drainage channel or the wall; the limiting structure is disposed at the outlet end of the outer sleeve, and the inner diameter of the limiting structure is smaller than the maximum radial dimension of the energy dissipation and cleaning assembly, so as to limit the range of motion of the energy dissipation and cleaning assembly to the inside of the drainage channel.

[0020] Beneficial effects: By using an outer sleeve fitted around the outer periphery of the drainage channel outlet, a circumferential constraint clamp is added to the pipe opening, effectively offsetting the radial expansion force and bending moment transmitted to the pipe opening by the surge wave through the energy dissipation and cleaning component. This transforms the concentrated circumferential stress borne by the pipe wall into uniform compressive stress that the outer sleeve cylinder can withstand. Furthermore, by using fasteners to detachably fix the outer sleeve to the drainage channel or wall, the fixed maintenance component itself can be disassembled and reassembled synchronously with the maintenance cycle of the energy dissipation and cleaning component. Finally, by using a limiting structure at the outlet end of the outer sleeve, with the inner diameter of the limiting structure being smaller than the maximum radial dimension of the energy dissipation and cleaning component, a mechanical stop is formed to prevent the energy dissipation and cleaning component from sliding out of the drainage channel outlet.

[0021] In one optional embodiment, the limiting structure includes a plurality of protrusions disposed on the inner edge of the outlet end of the outer kit, the plurality of protrusions being arranged at circumferential intervals along the outer kit.

[0022] Beneficial effects: By including multiple protrusions in the limiting structure and arranging them at circumferential intervals, the holes formed by these protrusions ensure that the inner diameter is smaller than the maximum radial dimension of the energy dissipation and cleaning component, while maintaining sufficient axial flow gaps between adjacent protrusions. This allows groundwater behind the wall to be smoothly discharged through the gaps between the protrusions during normal seepage and surge receding water stages, reducing local head loss at the outlet end and mitigating the potential risks of decreased effective flow capacity of the drainage channel and abnormal rise in water level behind the wall due to the addition of the limiting mechanism.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, the drainage channel is inclined downwards from the side of the filter layer toward the water body in front of the wall.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By adopting a downward slope from the filter layer side (behind the wall) to the water body side (in front of the wall), the groundwater behind the wall is always in a downward gravity-driven flow state after entering the drainage channel. This ensures that even under normal seepage conditions without surge disturbance, the water behind the wall can continuously and stably flow to the outlet by its own gravity, avoiding the problems of water stagnation and high water levels that may occur with horizontal or reverse slope arrangements. At the same time, the continuous gravity drainage flow will form a stable bottom flow shear force at the bottom of the pipe, which can continuously carry fine particles in a suspended or pushed state to the outlet, improving the phenomenon of particle settling in static water within the pipe. In addition, when the component retreats towards the filter layer (i.e., uphill), it needs to overcome the work of gravity component, and the movement speed is relatively slowed down, making the contact between the end protection component and the filter layer more gentle and controllable. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a water-resistant retaining wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of a water-resistant retaining wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy dissipation and cleaning component in a water-resistant retaining wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed maintenance assembly in the water-resistant retaining wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Wall body; 2. Drainage channels; 3. Filter layer; 4. Energy dissipation and cleaning components; 41. Load-bearing components; 42. Flow-blocking components; 43. Cleaning components; 44. End protection components; 5. Fixed maintenance components; 51. Outer casing; 52. Fasteners; 53. Limiting structure; 531. Protrusion; 532. Closure ring; A. Low water level; B. High water level; C. Normal water level. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the provided water-resistant retaining wall, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes wall 1, drainage channel 2, filter layer 3, and energy dissipation and cleaning component 4.

[0030] Among them, such as Figure 1As shown, drainage channel 2 is embedded inside wall 1 to divert groundwater from behind the wall to the water body in front of the wall. A filter layer 3 is installed on the inlet side of drainage channel 2 to intercept soil particles, allow water to pass through, and prevent soil loss behind the wall. An energy-dissipating cleaning component 4 is installed in drainage channel 2 and configured to reciprocate or rotate along the axial direction of drainage channel 2 under the action of surging waves in front of the wall, thereby reducing the impact of surging wave energy on the filter layer 3 and physically cleaning the inner wall of drainage channel 2.

[0031] By embedding the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 into the drainage channel 2 and allowing it to spontaneously generate reciprocating or rotating motion under the action of surging waves, the concentrated impact energy transmitted by the surging waves to the drainage channel 2 can be converted into the mechanical kinetic and potential energy of the component itself, and deflect and dissipate the water flow direction. This significantly reduces the direct and repeated impact load of the surging waves on the inlet filter layer 3 of the drainage channel 2, effectively suppressing the problems of geotextile damage due to fatigue and loosening of the gravel layer due to vibration, and avoiding soil loss and structural safety hazards caused by premature failure of the filter layer 3.

[0032] Meanwhile, the continuous low-frequency vibration and scraping effect generated by the contact, collision and friction with the inner wall of the drainage channel 2 can effectively loosen the fine soil particles that have been deposited and attached. Furthermore, the water flow after being deflected by the blades has a directional flushing and carrying effect on the loosened particles. The two work together to achieve self-cleaning inside the pipe, so that the drainage channel 2 can maintain an effective flow section during long-term operation, avoiding the decline in drainage capacity and abnormal rise in water level behind the wall caused by long-term particle deposition.

[0033] Based on this, the drainage channel 2 can be kept unobstructed and the filter layer 3 can be kept intact for a long time, ensuring that the groundwater level behind the wall is always within the design controllable range. This effectively avoids major engineering disasters such as the overturning of the retaining wall and the large-scale scouring and collapse of the embankment behind the wall caused by abnormal rise in water level, and greatly improves the structural safety margin and service life of the water-related retaining wall under the action of periodic strong surge waves.

[0034] It should be noted that the drainage channel 2 is located in the section of the retaining wall 1 of the water-bearing wall between the low water level A and the high water level B in front of the wall.

[0035] Among them, low water level A corresponds to the lowest water surface elevation of the water body in front of the wall during the dry season or when low water level A is frequently encountered. At this time, the outlet of the drainage pipe is completely exposed to the atmosphere, and the groundwater behind the wall can be discharged freely by gravity. When there is no surge disturbance, the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 is placed at the lowest point of the drainage pipe outlet, only playing a daily protective function of preventing animals from nesting. Normal water level C is the most common stable water level of the water body in front of the wall during the normal water season. At this time, the outlet of the drainage pipe is partially or completely submerged underwater, and the seepage behind the wall is in a stable drainage state. High water level B corresponds to the highest surge water level of the water body in front of the wall during the flood season or storm surge. At this time, the drainage pipe is subjected to the direct impact of periodic surge waves. Driven by the surge waves, the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 generates reciprocating and rotating motion, actively playing the core functions of energy dissipation, anti-scour, and pipe wall self-cleaning. The three water level conditions define the activation state and working mode of the device under different operating conditions, ensuring that the device can work reliably within the full range of water level variations.

[0036] It can be noted that the specific structure of the filter layer 3 is not specifically limited. It can be a simple structure of single-size crushed stone wrapped with geotextile, or a multi-graded filter body filled in layers of coarse sand, medium sand and crushed stone, or a prefabricated permeable concrete block combined with geotextile.

[0037] Preferably, a composite structure is used where a non-woven geotextile wraps around a layer of graded crushed stone. This composite structure is easy to construct, highly adaptable, and exhibits a stable balance between soil retention and permeability under long-term seepage conditions.

[0038] Specifically, the filter layer consists of two parts: a gravel filling body and a geotextile wrapping layer. The thickness of the gravel layer is determined according to the water head height behind the wall. It is filled into the pre-reserved groove behind the wall at the inlet end of the drainage pipe and compacted appropriately. The geotextile is a polyester filament non-woven geotextile.

[0039] It can be noted that the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 is not specifically limited. It can be a shaft-shaped body with blades and scrapers that is integrally injection molded, or it can be an assembly of metal rods and rubber scrapers, or it can be a rotating body integrally molded from lightweight, high-strength plastic.

[0040] Preferably, a composite structure of shaft, blade, and cylinder is integrally formed from lightweight and high-strength materials to ensure sufficient fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance in long-term water environments, while also being lightweight to facilitate sensitive response under swell-driven conditions.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the energy dissipation and cleaning assembly 4 includes a support member 41, a flow obstruction member 42, and a cleaning member 43. The support member 41 extends axially along the drainage channel 2; the flow obstruction member 42 is disposed on the support member 41 and is used to withstand the impact of the surging fluid to drive the support member 41 to move; the cleaning member 43 is disposed on the support member 41 and is used to contact and clean the inner wall of the drainage channel 2 during the movement.

[0042] By fixing the flow-blocking component 42 to the bearing component 41, when the surge enters the drainage channel 2, the flow-blocking component 42 can actively bear the fluid impact, and concentrate the turbulent surge energy that originally acted on the entire cross-section of the pipe cavity and was prone to causing pressure oscillation into regular mechanical energy that drives the bearing component 41 to move axially. This allows the surge pressure to be intercepted in advance on the propagation path and converted into the driving force of the component, thereby effectively blocking the direct transmission path of high-energy water flow to the inlet filter layer 3 of the drainage channel 2, and greatly reducing the repeated impact load borne by the filter layer 3.

[0043] Furthermore, by rigidly connecting the cleaning component 43 and the flow-blocking component 42 through the bearing component 41, the cleaning component 43 can continuously clean the inner wall of the drainage channel 2 during the rotation of the bearing component 41, thus avoiding the problem that fine particles will solidify and become dense during the static water interval and are difficult to remove.

[0044] Since the bearing member 41 extends axially along the drainage channel 2, it can effectively prevent the component from deflecting, getting stuck, or eccentrically impacting the pipe wall under the action of water turbulence. This ensures that the cleaning member 43 always acts on the inner peripheral wall of the drainage channel 2 with a preset contact posture and pressure, avoids local cleaning dead corners, and reduces the risk of structural damage to the component due to instability during long-term reciprocating motion, thereby improving the service life of the device in complex dynamic water environments.

[0045] It can be noted that the flow obstruction element 42 is not specifically limited, and can be a spiral wing plate, an array of baffles, or multiple independent paddles distributed along the axial direction of the bearing element 41.

[0046] Preferably, multiple blades are arranged at intervals along the surface of the bearing member 41. By using multiple blades, an array-like interception interface for the surging water flow can be formed, while a fixed flow gap can be maintained between the blades to ensure drainage capacity under normal seepage conditions.

[0047] Specifically, multiple blades are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential surface of the support member 41, and each blade is inclined at a certain angle relative to the axis of the support member 41, for example, 30° to 60°, to facilitate the reception of water flow from different directions. The root of the blade is fixed to the support member 41, and the tip of the blade extends outward to near the inner wall of the drainage channel 2.

[0048] By setting the flow obstruction element 42 as multiple blades spaced apart along the surface of the bearing element 41, an array-type interception interface for the surging water flow is formed. When the high-speed surging wave enters the drainage channel 2, the water flow is cut into multiple streams by each blade, forcing the flow direction to deflect repeatedly, and forming local turbulent vortices at the tail of the blades. The original concentrated impact kinetic energy of the surging wave is gradually dispersed and converted into the mechanical energy of the blade rotation / reciprocating motion and the turbulent dissipation energy inside the water body, thereby reducing the remaining impact pressure transmitted to the inlet filter layer 3 of the drainage channel 2.

[0049] Meanwhile, the fixed gap between the blades ensures that the drainage channel 2 still has a smooth flow path under normal seepage conditions, and will not raise the water level behind the wall due to the addition of the flow obstruction component 42. When the blades move with the bearing component 41 under the action of the water flow in front of the wall, each blade generates periodic disturbance and acceleration effect on the water flow passing through the gap, forming a high-frequency pulsating shear flow in the near wall area of ​​the pipe, which quickly rolls up and carries away the loose particles scraped off the pipe wall by the cleaning component 43, avoiding secondary deposition of particles at the bottom of the pipe.

[0050] In addition, multiple blades are arranged at intervals along the surface of the bearing 41, so that at every moment when the bearing 41 rotates or reciprocates, blades are in working condition at different angles of the cross section of the drainage channel 2 and in different sections of the longitudinal section, ensuring that the contact frequency and contact pressure between the cleaning component 43 and the pipe wall are evenly distributed along the length of the pipe, eliminating cleaning dead angles and uneven wear phenomena that may be caused by a single flow obstruction component 42.

[0051] It can be noted that the cleaning component 43 is not specifically limited, and can be an independent scraper fixed to the end of the blade, a brush strip, or a spiral scraper surrounding the carrier component 41.

[0052] Preferably, the cleaning component 43 is a cylindrical scraper connected to the end of the blade. The cylindrical scraper is a sheet-like structure with an overall cylindrical shape. Its axis coincides with the axis of the bearing component 41. Its outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2, and can be slightly smaller than the inner diameter to ensure that it can scrape the pipe wall without getting stuck.

[0053] By setting the cleaning component 43 as a cylindrical scraper connected to the end of the blade to form a whole, all the motion generated by the blade bearing the impact of the surging wave can be transmitted to the cylindrical scraper, realizing the synchronous linkage of driving force being instantly converted into scraping action.

[0054] Furthermore, by adapting the outer diameter of the cylindrical scraper to the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2, an annular contact interface is formed between the scraper and the pipe wall, which is distributed along the entire circumference. When the carrier 41 reciprocates or rotates under the drive of the surging waves, the cylindrical structure can act synchronously on the entire circumferential section of the inner wall of the pipe, rather than being limited to the angle direction where the blade is located. This ensures that the deposits at each position on the pipe wall can be scraped evenly, effectively avoiding the residue or blind spots in local cleaning caused by scraping in a single direction.

[0055] Specifically, the cylindrical scraper consists of multiple circumferentially distributed scrapers, with gaps between adjacent scrapers to allow fluid to pass through. The inner end of each scraper is fixed to the blade tip or directly connected to the carrier 41, and the outer edge has a sharp or curved profile to facilitate cutting into the sediment layer.

[0056] Multiple scrapers are distributed circumferentially with gaps between them. This allows the cylindrical scraper to scrape the sediment along the pipe wall while the gaps between the scrapers form an immediate slag discharge channel. The soil particles that are peeled off from the pipe wall by the scrapers do not need to wait for the components to move in the opposite direction. They can be carried through the gaps and discharged towards the outlet by the axial seepage or surging backflow water, thus avoiding the continuous accumulation, compression, and re-compacting of the scraped mud and sand on the water-facing side of the scrapers.

[0057] Meanwhile, the gap between adjacent scrapers allows water to pass directly through the cylindrical scraper body during the component's movement, rather than being forced to go around the annular gap between the component's outer wall and the pipe wall. This reduces the fluid resistance faced by the scraper body when it reciprocates inside the pipe, ensuring that the device can still perform its daily cleaning function under non-extreme operating conditions.

[0058] In addition, when the water flows through the gap between the scrapers under the pressure of the surging waves, the sudden contraction and expansion of the water flow cross section will generate local high-speed turbulent jets and micro vortices at the gap outlet and the back flow surface of the scrapers. This will have a suction and lifting effect on the loose particles deposited in the bottom groove of the pipe, further enhancing the self-cleaning ability.

[0059] It can be explained that the diagonal length L of the cylindrical scraper should satisfy: L > D, where D is the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2, with a certain margin. The length of the cylinder can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the water flow thrust, so that when the cylindrical scraper is turned over in the drainage channel 2, it will be restricted by the drainage channel 2, thereby avoiding the cylinder from being laterally deflected or completely turned over in the pipe.

[0060] In one embodiment, the energy dissipation and cleaning assembly 4 further includes an end protector 44. The end protector 44 is disposed near one end of the filter layer 3 and is used to disperse the impact force of the carrier 41 on the filter layer 3 when the carrier 41 moves toward the filter layer 3 to the end of its stroke.

[0061] By adding end protection component 44, the concentrated impact force at the end of the bearing component 41 is dispersed into distributed pressure acting on the surface of the filter layer 3 by increasing the contact area, thereby reducing the impact pressure and ensuring that the peak stress borne by the geotextile wrapped around the filter layer 3 is always within its fatigue strength allowable range, thus improving its service life.

[0062] It can be noted that the end protection component 44 is not specifically limited, and can be a smooth protruding structure such as a hemispherical shape, an ellipsoidal crown, or a conical round head.

[0063] Preferably, a spherical crown-shaped end is used, which is arranged at one end of the carrier 41 facing the reverse filter layer 3.

[0064] Furthermore, the diameter of the bottom of the spherical crown is not less than 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2, and the surface of the spherical crown is smooth and without sharp edges.

[0065] With this configuration, when the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 moves towards the filter layer 3 under the push of the surging waves to the end of its stroke, the spherical end first contacts the outer geotextile of the filter layer 3. By increasing the contact area, the concentrated impact force at the end of the bearing component 41 is dispersed into a distributed pressure acting on the surface of the geotextile, significantly reducing the peak pressure. This ensures that the fatigue stress borne by the geotextile is always within its allowable range, thereby effectively preventing the geotextile from being punctured or torn and greatly improving the durability of the filter layer 3.

[0066] It should be noted that the spherical crown-shaped end is integrally formed with the bearing member 41, and its centerline coincides with the axis of the bearing member 41. The radius of curvature of the spherical crown is determined according to the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2, and is generally taken as 0.5 to 1.0 times the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2, so as to ensure a sufficiently large bearing area when in contact with the filter layer 3, while not excessively increasing the axial length of the component.

[0067] Because the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 is subjected to the reciprocating and rotating motion driven by the surging waves in the drainage channel 2 for a long time, there is a risk that it may be accidentally washed out of the outlet by the high-energy water flow. At the same time, the blades and scrapers of the component may wear out after long-term operation and need to be inspected and replaced regularly. Therefore, the water-eroded retaining wall also includes the fixed maintenance component 5.

[0068] During installation, the fixed maintenance component 5 is set at the outlet end of the drainage channel 2 to confine the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 inside the drainage channel 2, and to allow the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 to be installed and replaced in a detachable manner.

[0069] It can be noted that the fixed maintenance component 5 is not specifically limited. It can be a flange with a bolt cover plate that is directly welded to the outlet of the drainage channel 2, or a sleeve-type snap-fit ​​structure that is fixed to the wall 1 by expansion bolts.

[0070] Preferably, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the sleeve-type structure consists of three parts: an outer sleeve 51, a fastener 52, and a limiting structure 53. This structure provides circumferential reinforcement to the outlet pipe section of the drainage channel 2, preventing the pipe opening from cracking under repeated impacts from surging waves. It also allows for detachable connection via the fastener 52, facilitating future maintenance or replacement of the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4.

[0071] Specifically, the outer sleeve 51 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the outlet end of the drainage channel 2; the fastener 52 is used to detachably fix the outer sleeve 51 to the drainage channel 2 or the wall 1; the limiting structure 53 is provided at the outlet end of the outer sleeve 51, and the inner diameter of the limiting structure 53 is smaller than the maximum radial dimension of the energy dissipation cleaning component 4, that is, smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical scraper, so as to limit the movement range of the energy dissipation cleaning component 4 to the inside of the drainage channel 2 and prevent it from sliding out from the outlet end.

[0072] By using the outer fitting 51 to be fitted around the outer periphery of the outlet end of the drainage channel 2, a circumferential constraint hoop is added to the pipe opening, which effectively counteracts the radial expansion force and bending moment transmitted to the pipe opening by the surge wave through the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4, and transforms the concentrated circumferential stress borne by the pipe wall into a uniform compressive stress that the outer fitting 51 cylinder can withstand.

[0073] The outer component 51 is then detachably fixed to the drainage channel 2 or the wall 1 using fasteners 52, allowing the fixed maintenance component 5 to be disassembled and reassembled synchronously with the maintenance cycle of the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4. A limiting structure 53 is then installed at the outlet end of the outer component 51, with the inner diameter of the limiting structure 53 being smaller than the maximum radial dimension of the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4, forming a mechanical stop to prevent the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 from sliding out of the outlet end of the drainage channel 2.

[0074] It can be noted that the reinforcement method of the outer kit 51 is not specifically limited. It can be a sleeve of the same diameter and wall thickness, a thickened and reinforced sleeve, or a composite bushing structure with reinforcing ribs set on the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0075] Preferably, the outer sleeve 51 is a cylindrical structure, and its inner diameter is fitted with the outer diameter of the drainage channel 2 with a clearance fit, which facilitates on-site assembly.

[0076] Similarly, the outer casing 51 is made of the same or higher strength corrosion-resistant material as the drainage channel 2. After the cylinder is installed in the outlet section of the drainage channel 2, its axial coverage length extends a certain distance from the outlet end of the drainage channel 2 towards the wall 1, forming a full-circumferential clamp and support for the outer wall of the drainage channel 2. When the impact force of the surge is transmitted to the pipe wall of the outlet section of the drainage channel 2 through the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4, the circumferential tensile stress and bending stress originally concentrated at the end of the drainage channel 2 are first transmitted to the cylinder, and the cylinder transforms the point-concentrated stress into cylinder wall compressive stress and shear stress that are evenly distributed along its axial direction.

[0077] Furthermore, the annular gap between the outer wall of the cylindrical pipe and the outer wall of the drainage pipe can be filled with epoxy structural adhesive, which, after curing, forms a composite pipe wall structure, further inhibiting the initiation and propagation of microcracks at the pipe opening and effectively improving the fatigue crack resistance of the drainage pipe outlet section.

[0078] It can be noted that the construction of fastener 52 is not specifically limited. It can be an integral clamp with a single bolt for locking, a split flange clamp with double bolts for locking, or a clamp-type structure with quick-release buckles.

[0079] Preferably, a split double-bolt stainless steel ring clamp is used to provide uniform circumferential clamping force while ensuring locking force, and to facilitate multiple disassembly and assembly without damaging the outer casing 51 or the wall of the drainage channel 2.

[0080] Specifically, the fastener 52 consists of two symmetrical semi-circular hoops. Each of the two hoop halves has a radially protruding connecting lug at its open end, and the lug is provided with a coaxial bolt hole. The two hoop halves are locked together by stainless steel fastening bolts and lock nuts inserted in the lugs. The lugs and hoop halves are integrally stamped together.

[0081] Furthermore, the inner wall of the hoop is lined with an elastic rubber pad, which on the one hand compensates for the dimensional tolerance between the outer sleeve 51 and the outer wall of the drainage channel 2 when locked, and on the other hand protects the surface of the outer sleeve 51 from being scratched during repeated disassembly and assembly.

[0082] It can be noted that the limiting structure 53 is not specifically limited; it can be a ring-shaped shoulder that retracts inward around the entire circle, or it can be multiple claws or protrusions arranged at intervals.

[0083] Preferably, the limiting structure 53 includes a plurality of protrusions 531 disposed on the inner edge of the outlet end of the outer sleeve 51, the plurality of protrusions 531 being arranged at intervals along the circumference of the outer sleeve 51.

[0084] By including multiple protrusions 531 in the limiting structure 53 and arranging the multiple protrusions 531 at intervals along the circumference, the holes formed by them satisfy the requirement that the inner diameter is smaller than the maximum radial dimension of the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4, while maintaining sufficient axial flow gaps between adjacent protrusions. This allows groundwater behind the wall to be smoothly discharged through the gaps between the protrusions during normal seepage and surge water receding stages, reducing local head loss at the outlet end and reducing the potential risk of decreased effective flow capacity of the drainage channel 2 and abnormal rise in water level behind the wall due to the addition of the limiting mechanism.

[0085] At the same time, it can form a mechanical stop on the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4.

[0086] Specifically, multiple protrusions 531 are integrally formed with the outer sleeve 51. Each protrusion 531 extends from the inner wall of the outer sleeve 51 toward the center. The diameter of the inscribed circle formed by its inner end is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical scraper, thus confining the entire energy dissipation cleaning assembly 4 inside the drainage channel 2.

[0087] Furthermore, the inner end face of the protrusion 531 is a smooth curved surface to avoid impact damage when it comes into contact with the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4.

[0088] It can be noted that the limiting structure 53 also includes a closing ring 532, which is an integrated annular closing structure at the outlet end of the outer component 51.

[0089] The diameter of the closing ring 532 is not specifically limited. It can be equal to the outer diameter of the drainage channel 2, or it can be between the inner and outer diameters of the drainage channel 2, or it can be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drainage channel 2.

[0090] Preferably, the flared design is adopted in which the diameter of the constriction ring 532 is larger than the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2 and not smaller than the outer diameter of the drainage channel 2, so as to minimize the local head loss at the outlet.

[0091] Meanwhile, since the diameter of the constriction ring 532 is larger than the inner diameter of the drainage channel 2, when the energy dissipation cleaning component 4 moves inside the pipe, the particles scraped off by the cylindrical scraper will not be blocked or accumulated due to the rapid reduction of the cross-section when they flow to the constriction ring 532 with the water flow. All particles can be smoothly discharged to the water body in front of the wall through the constriction ring 532.

[0092] Furthermore, the inner edge of the closing ring 532 adopts a rounded chamfer transition to further reduce eddy current losses at the water inlet.

[0093] It should be noted that the direction of inclination of drainage channel 2 is not specifically limited; it can be arranged horizontally or at an inclination.

[0094] Preferably, the drainage channel 2 is installed at an angle downwards from the side of the filter layer 3 towards the water body in front of the wall. The slope is generally 2% to 5%.

[0095] By adopting a downward slope from the side of the filter layer 3 (behind the wall) to the side of the water body in front of the wall (in front of the wall), the groundwater behind the wall is always in a gravity-driven flow state downhill after entering the drainage channel 2. This ensures that even under normal seepage conditions without surge disturbance, the water behind the wall can flow continuously and stably to the outlet by its own gravity, avoiding the problems of water stagnation and high water level that may occur due to horizontal or reverse slope arrangements.

[0096] Meanwhile, the continuous gravity drainage flow will form a stable underflow shear force at the bottom of the pipe, which can continuously carry fine particles in a suspended or pushed state to the outlet, improving the phenomenon of particles settling in the static water inside the pipe.

[0097] In addition, when the component moves back towards the filter layer 3 (i.e., uphill), it needs to overcome the gravity component to do work, and the movement speed is relatively slowed down, making the contact between the end protector 44 and the filter layer 3 more gentle and controllable, further reducing the impact risk to the filter layer 3.

[0098] Furthermore, there is no specific limitation on the method by which the energy dissipation cleaning component 4 achieves self-weight bottom positioning. The center of gravity can be shifted downward by increasing the bottom wall thickness of the cylindrical scraper, a counterweight block can be set at the bottom of the bearing component 41, or a gravity orientation structure with uneven overall material density can be adopted.

[0099] Preferably, the center of gravity is offset by locally thickening the circumferential area at the bottom of the cylindrical scraper, so that the component can naturally stabilize at the lowest position of the pipe bottom under still water conditions.

[0100] When the water level in front of the wall submerges the drain pipe outlet and there is no surge disturbance, the component automatically rotates to a stable equilibrium position with the lowest center of gravity under the action of gravity torque, and the bottom edge of the cylindrical scraper is almost close to the bottom of the pipe. In this posture, the cylindrical scraper and the inner wall of the bottom of the pipe together form an arc-shaped physical barrier, blocking most of the channel space at the bottom of the drain pipe outlet, making it difficult for small burrowing aquatic animals (such as crabs, shrimps, shellfish, etc.) to crawl backward into the drain pipe from the gap at the bottom of the pipe.

[0101] Meanwhile, because the bottom of the cylindrical scraper is close to the bottom of the pipe but not completely sealed, seepage water behind the wall can still flow out normally from the gaps on both sides and the top of the cylindrical scraper, as well as the gaps between the blades, without affecting the drainage function.

[0102] During installation, first place the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 into the drainage channel 2 with its crown end facing the inlet side of the drainage channel 2. Then, put the outer sleeve 51 of the fixing and maintenance component 5 onto the outlet end of the drainage channel 2 and tighten it with a ring clamp. Use the limiting protrusion to restrict the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 inside the pipe.

[0103] After water is supplied to the front of the wall, the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 is located at the lowest point of the drainage channel 2 outlet under its own weight, which can initially prevent small burrowing aquatic animals from entering the pipe to build nests.

[0104] When the water level in front of the wall rises and the surge is large, the surge water flows into the drainage channel 2 and impacts the blades, driving the bearing 41 to rotate and reciprocate along the pipe axis. The blades deflect the direction of the water flow and dissipate the impact energy. At the same time, the cylindrical scraper continuously scrapes the sediment on the pipe wall, and the crown end disperses the impact force when it approaches the filter layer 3.

[0105] During the receding stage, gravity drainage carries loose particles out of the pipe through the gaps between the blades and the gaps between the protrusions.

[0106] After long-term operation, the energy dissipation and cleaning component 4 can be removed from the outlet of the drainage channel 2 by loosening the ring clamp and removing the excluding kit 51 for maintenance or replacement, and then reinstalled. The operation is simple.

[0107] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A water-resistant retaining wall, characterized in that, include: Wall body (1); Drainage channel (2) is embedded inside the wall (1); A filter layer (3) is disposed on the inlet side of the drainage channel (2); Energy dissipation cleaning component (4) is configured to reciprocate or rotate along the axial direction of the drainage channel (2) under the action of the surging waves in front of the wall, so as to reduce the impact of the surging wave energy on the filter layer (3) and physically clean the inner wall of the drainage channel (2).

2. The water-resistant retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy dissipation and cleaning component (4) includes: The support member (41) extends axially along the drainage channel (2); A flow-blocking element (42) is disposed on the support element (41) to withstand the impact of the surging fluid to drive the support element (41) to move; A cleaning component (43) is disposed on the support component (41) and is used to contact and clean the inner wall of the drainage channel (2) during movement.

3. The water-resistant retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow-blocking element (42) consists of multiple blades arranged at intervals along the surface of the carrier (41).

4. The water-resistant retaining wall according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning component (43) is a cylindrical scraper connected to the end of the blade, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical scraper is adapted to the inner diameter of the drainage channel (2).

5. The water-resistant retaining wall according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cylindrical scraper body is composed of multiple scrapers distributed circumferentially, with gaps formed between adjacent scrapers to allow fluid to pass through.

6. The water-resistant retaining wall according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The energy dissipation and cleaning component (4) also includes: An end protector (44) is provided at one end near the filter layer (3) to disperse the impact force of the support member (41) on the filter layer (3) when the support member (41) moves toward the filter layer (3) to the end of its stroke.

7. The water-resistant retaining wall according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The water-resistant retaining wall also includes a fixed maintenance component (5), which is located at the outlet end of the drainage channel (2) to confine the energy dissipation and cleaning component (4) inside the drainage channel (2) and to allow the energy dissipation and cleaning component (4) to be detachably installed and replaced.

8. The water-resistant retaining wall according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixed maintenance assembly (5) includes: The outer sleeve (51) is fitted onto the outer periphery of the outlet end of the drainage channel (2); Fasteners (52) are used to detachably secure the outer kit (51) to the drainage channel (2) or the wall (1); A limiting structure (53) is provided at the outlet end of the outer kit (51). The inner diameter of the limiting structure (53) is smaller than the maximum radial dimension of the energy dissipation and cleaning assembly (4) so ​​as to limit the range of motion of the energy dissipation and cleaning assembly (4) to the inside of the drainage channel (2).

9. The water-resistant retaining wall according to claim 8, characterized in that, The limiting structure (53) includes a plurality of protrusions (531) disposed on the inner edge of the outlet end of the outer kit (51), and the plurality of protrusions (531) are arranged at circumferential intervals along the outer kit (51).

10. The retaining wall for water-related erosion according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The drainage channel (2) is inclined downward from the side of the filter layer (3) towards the water body in front of the wall.

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