A composite waterproof blanket that adapts to base settlement and deformation

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waterproof blanket technology, specifically to a composite waterproof blanket that adapts to the settlement and deformation of the substrate. The waterproof blanket comprises, from top to bottom: an upper anti-slip protrusion, an upper protective layer, a composite geotextile layer, a superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer, a lower protective layer, lower anti-slip protrusions, and an overlap area. The superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer is composed of superhydrophobic modified soil compacted to a certain degree within a three-dimensional elastic mesh layer. The composite geotextile layer consists of needle-punched nonwoven geotextile, flexible deformable strips, stitching threads, and an isolation layer. The composite waterproof blanket proposed in this invention, adaptable to the settlement and deformation of the substrate, can prevent the waterproof blanket from tensile cracking, and its continuity and integrity from being compromised when the substrate experiences settlement, collapse, or localized uneven displacement, thus ensuring the waterproof blanket's seepage prevention capability in engineering projects and meeting the engineering seepage prevention requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproof blanket technology, and in particular to a composite waterproof blanket that adapts to the settlement and deformation of the substrate. Background Technology

[0002] In seepage prevention projects, when the waterproof membrane is damaged by the settlement, deformation, collapse, and uneven displacement of the base, the continuity and integrity of the seepage prevention layer will be destroyed and seepage channels will be formed, which will lead to problems such as leakage, migration of pollutants or soil erosion, ultimately weakening the long-term safety and service reliability of the engineering structure.

[0003] Currently, bentonite geomembranes (GCLs) and HDPE geomembranes are widely used in seepage control projects. Bentonite geomembranes are blanket-like waterproofing materials made by uniformly fixing sodium-based bentonite particles or powder between two layers of geotextile through processes such as needle punching and adhesive bonding. Bentonite geomembranes typically exhibit excellent seepage control performance in fresh water or deionized water. When applied to complex environments, their expansion index and viscosity decrease significantly, their permeability coefficient increases, and their seepage control performance fails to meet requirements. Due to their inherent properties, they also exhibit defects such as poor peelability, reduced shear strength after hydration, and uneven expansion and damage caused by hydration expansion reactions before or during installation. HDPE geomembranes are geosynthetic seepage control materials made primarily of high-density polyethylene, characterized by low permeability, good chemical stability, and durability. However, due to their inherent properties, they are susceptible to creep caused by air bubbles, punctures, ruptures, and degradation, which can lead to a significant decrease in the waterproofing and seepage control performance of the impermeable layer.

[0004] Furthermore, when the aforementioned two materials encounter poor base conditions and are subject to settlement deformation, collapse, and local uneven displacement, it is difficult to guarantee the integrity and continuity of the seepage prevention structure, thereby significantly weakening the long-term safety and service reliability of the engineering structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite waterproof blanket that adapts to the settlement and deformation of the foundation. It uses superhydrophobic modified soil with excellent waterproof and seepage-proof properties as the core waterproof material, and combines a three-dimensional elastic mesh layer, a composite geotextile layer and other additional layers to be designed into a blanket shape for easy engineering application.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, the composite waterproof blanket proposed in this application comprises, from top to bottom, an upper anti-slip raised strip, an upper protective layer, a composite geotextile layer, a superhydrophobic waterproof layer, a lower protective layer, and a lower anti-slip raised strip; the main body of the waterproof blanket is composed of the upper protective layer, the composite geotextile layer, the superhydrophobic waterproof layer, and the lower protective layer. The upper surface of the main body of the waterproof blanket has an upper anti-slip raised strip, and the lower surface has a lower anti-slip raised strip; the composite geotextile layer is formed by stitching needle-punched nonwoven geotextile and flexible deformable strips together with stitching lines and then combining it with the isolation layer; the upper protective layer... The lower protective layer is combined with the upper composite geotextile by spraying, and the lower protective layer is combined with the lower composite geotextile by brushing. The superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer is located between the upper and lower composite geotextile layers. The superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer is composed of superhydrophobic modified soil filled into a three-dimensional elastic mesh layer with a preset compaction degree. The three-dimensional elastic mesh layer is composed of horizontal flexible meshes at the top and bottom and a three-dimensional elastic mesh with uniformly distributed high and low undulations in the middle. The waterproof blanket body has a laying overlap area on one side.

[0007] In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the upper anti-slip ridge is made by filling a hollow rubber strip with elastic foam material.

[0008] In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the lower anti-slip protrusion is in the shape of a triangular spike.

[0009] In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the upper protective layer is made of polyurea material.

[0010] In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the lower protective layer is made of polyurethane coating.

[0011] In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the suture is made of high-strength nylon thread.

[0012] The method of using any of the above composite waterproof blankets is as follows: when laying the waterproof blanket, the upper protective layer faces the water-facing side and the lower protective layer faces the water-repellent side. The laying direction of the waterproof blanket is determined according to the usage scenario, and the overlapping areas are connected in sections to ensure the overall continuity of the seepage prevention structure.

[0013] The beneficial technical effects of this solution are as follows: The composite waterproof blanket proposed in this solution, which adapts to the settlement and deformation of the base, has a structure with excellent ability to adapt to the settlement and deformation of the base. It can solve the problems of tensile cracking, continuity and integrity damage caused by the settlement, deformation, collapse and local uneven displacement of the base. It can block the migration path of water in seepage prevention projects, thereby effectively inhibiting a series of engineering problems caused by water migration and leakage. It can ensure the stability of the waterproof blanket during construction and service, solve the problems of soil particle movement and surface soil leakage in traditional bentonite waterproof blankets, reduced shear strength after hydration, and hydration expansion reaction caused by water before or during installation, which leads to the detachment of geotextiles. In addition, it provides protection for the main body of the waterproof blanket during construction and service, avoiding damage to the main body of the waterproof blanket and the resulting damage or failure of the integrity of the seepage prevention system. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a composite waterproof blanket structure in one embodiment.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible deformable strip in one embodiment.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a top view of a composite waterproof blanket in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0018] As is known from the background technology, existing waterproof membranes are difficult to maintain good integrity and continuity when the base layer undergoes settlement deformation, collapse, or local uneven settlement. They cannot effectively block the migration path of water and prevent water leakage. At the same time, due to the properties and defects of the material itself, the integrity of the waterproof system may be damaged or fail, making it difficult to guarantee the quality of waterproofing in the project.

[0019] Based on this, this solution proposes a composite waterproof blanket that adapts to the settlement and deformation of the base. This waterproof blanket can avoid tensile cracking, disruption of continuity and integrity when the base undergoes settlement, deformation, collapse and local uneven displacement, thus ensuring the waterproof blanket's seepage prevention capability in engineering applications and meeting the engineering seepage prevention requirements.

[0020] The following provides a clear and complete description of how the technical solution of this case is implemented. Obviously, the described implementation methods are only a part of the implementation methods of this case, and not all of them. Based on the implementation methods in this case, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] See Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the structure of a composite waterproof blanket suitable for foundation settlement deformation. From top to bottom, the structure comprises: an upper anti-slip protrusion 1, an upper protective layer 2, a composite geotextile layer 3, a superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer 4, a lower protective layer 5, and a lower anti-slip protrusion 6. The upper protective layer 2, composite geotextile layer 3, superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer 4, and lower protective layer 5 together form the main body 8 of the waterproof blanket. An overlap area 7 is provided on the main body 8. The upper anti-slip protrusion 1 is made by filling a hollow rubber strip 1-1 with elastic foam material 1-2. The composite geotextile layer 3 consists of needle-punched nonwoven geotextile 3-1, flexible deformable strips 3-2, stitching lines 3-3, and an isolation layer 3-4. The superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer 4 is formed by filling a three-dimensional elastic mesh layer 4-2 with superhydrophobic modified soil 4-1 at a certain compaction degree. A detailed description of each layer follows.

[0022] (1) Anti-slip raised strip 1 Multiple anti-slip ridges 1 are provided on the upper surface of the waterproof blanket body 8, and the anti-slip ridges are evenly spaced, such as... Figure 3 As shown; the anti-slip ridge 1 is made by filling the hollow rubber strip 1-1 with elastic foam material 1-2, and the two work together.

[0023] The anti-slip ridge 1 has excellent cushioning performance and vibration reduction capability. Setting the anti-slip ridge can increase the coefficient of friction, ensuring protection of the main surface while providing stable friction for the workers' feet, thus improving construction safety.

[0024] (2) Upper protective layer 2 The upper protective layer 2 is made of polyurea material and is combined with the composite geotextile by spraying.

[0025] The protective layer 2 can provide waterproofing, enhance weather resistance, and improve mechanical properties (such as wear resistance and tensile strength), while maintaining a certain degree of flexibility and ductility, thus extending the service life of the waterproof blanket.

[0026] (3) Composite geotextile layer 3 The composite geotextile layer 3 is composed of needle-punched nonwoven geotextile 3-1, flexible deformation strip 3-2, stitching line 3-3 and isolation layer 3-4.

[0027] The composite geotextile layer 3 is located on the upper and lower sides of the superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4). The composite geotextile layer (3) on each side is combined with the isolation layer 3-4 after the needle-punched nonwoven geotextile 3-1 and the flexible deformable strip 3-2 are sewn together by the stitching line 3-3. It is also designed as a blanket with other functional layers for engineering applications.

[0028] The needle-punched nonwoven geotextile 3-1 is made of polypropylene fiber with a unit area mass ≥200g / m². 2 With an elongation of 30% to 100% under maximum load, it exhibits excellent tensile properties and durability.

[0029] The flexible deformable strip 3-2 is an integrated flexible rubber strip made of chloroprene rubber through processes such as mixing, extrusion molding, and vulcanization. Figure 2 As shown. When the substrate experiences settlement deformation, collapse, or localized uneven displacement, the flexible deformation strip can elongate and compress with the substrate deformation. Through synergistic action with the needle-punched nonwoven fabric, it prevents the waterproof blanket from tensile cracking, disrupting its continuity and integrity, thus giving the waterproof blanket good deformation adaptability and long-term service stability.

[0030] The stitching thread 3-3 is made of high-strength nylon thread, which is used to sew the non-woven geotextile layer 3-1 and the flexible deformable strip 3-2 together through sewing and other processes.

[0031] The isolation layer 3-4 is made of flexible film or flexible filter mesh (≥1000 mesh) material, which is used to prevent superhydrophobic soil particles from being lost from the surface of the geotextile during the transportation, laying and use of the waterproof blanket, so as to avoid insufficient unit area mass of the waterproof blanket and the formation of voids inside due to particle loss, thereby ensuring the integrity and long-term stability of the waterproof performance of the waterproof blanket.

[0032] (4) Superhydrophobic soil waterproofing layer 4 The superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer 4 is composed of superhydrophobic modified soil 4-1 with excellent waterproof and seepage-proof properties, which is filled into a three-dimensional elastic mesh layer 4-2 at a preset compaction degree. The superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer 4 is bonded to the composite geotextile layer 3.

[0033] The superhydrophobic modified soil 4-1 is prepared by hydrophobic modification of natural soil material (natural soil or engineering waste soil). The hydrophobic modifier can be a siloxane, silane, or other modifier capable of forming hydrophobic groups on the surface of soil particles. For example, chemical bonding modification can be used to react hydrogen-containing siloxane polymers with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of soil particles to form stable hydrophobic groups. Si-O-Si By introducing hydrophobic organic groups into the particle surface, a new type of waterproof material for soil and rock with superhydrophobicity and structural stability can be obtained.

[0034] The preparation method of the superhydrophobic modified soil 4-1 is as follows: ① After drying the natural soil at 105°C to constant weight, crush it with an electric soil crusher and pass it through a 2mm sieve to remove larger particles. ② Spray / add the hydrophobic modifier (such as CN01C emulsion) evenly onto the treated natural soil in multiple applications, and mix it evenly with an electric mixer. The mixing time can be preset and adjusted, for example, at least 15 minutes. ③ Pack the mixed superhydrophobic modified soil into a sealed bag and cure it at a constant temperature, then air dry it naturally in an indoor environment. The curing and air drying times are preset (e.g., 24 hours of curing and 4 days of air drying). ④ In order to ensure that the prepared superhydrophobic modified soil has a sufficiently high breakthrough water pressure, it is ground with a ball mill to control the particle size of the superhydrophobic soil particles within the preset particle size range.

[0035] The final superhydrophobic modified soil 4-1 has a particle size of 5~20μm, a water contact angle ≥150°, and a roll-off angle ≤10°.

[0036] This application of superhydrophobic modified soil is not limited to the method or hydrophobic agent mentioned above; commercially available or researched hydrophobic agents can be used. The ultimate goal is to modify natural soil from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic through modification treatment, exhibiting extreme water-repellent properties similar to the "lotus leaf effect," thereby giving the waterproof layer excellent water-blocking and seepage-proofing performance and significantly reducing the risk of seepage.

[0037] The three-dimensional elastic mesh layer 4-2 consists of horizontal flexible meshes at the top and bottom, and a uniformly distributed, undulating three-dimensional elastic mesh in the middle. The three-dimensional elastic mesh layer 4-2 possesses excellent elasticity and adaptability to deformation. When the base experiences settlement, collapse, or localized uneven displacement, it can elongate and compress accordingly. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional mesh structure can constrain and fix the superhydrophobic soil particles, effectively preventing uneven distribution or migration of the superhydrophobic modified soil particles during the tensile deformation of the waterproof blanket, which could lead to areas where the waterproof blanket lacks particle filling, thus affecting its waterproof and seepage-proof performance.

[0038] The three-dimensional elastic mesh layer 4-2 is made of elastic rubber material. In the actual manufacturing process, the top and bottom horizontal flexible meshes can be completed in one step during the fabrication of the three-dimensional elastic mesh, or they can be connected through subsequent bonding, stitching, or other methods.

[0039] (5) Lower protective layer 5 The lower protective layer 5 is made of polyurethane coating, which is applied by brushing to bond with the underlying composite geotextile. During the application of the polyurethane coating, areas with excessive coating thickness or localized build-up require secondary application to avoid problems caused by uneven coating thickness. Afterward, the applied polyurethane coating must be allowed to solidify, transforming from a liquid to a solid state, thus forming a stable and robust protective layer on the surface of the composite geotextile.

[0040] (6) Lower anti-slip protrusion 6 The lower protective layer 5 has multiple triangular spike-shaped anti-slip protrusions 6 on its lower surface, and these protrusions are evenly spaced. The anti-slip protrusions 6 can be inserted into the base layer, allowing the composite waterproof blanket to be better fixed and bonded to the base layer, increasing the overall friction of the waterproof blanket and improving the contact stability of the contact surface.

[0041] (7) Laying the overlapping area 7 An overlap area 7 is set on one side of the composite waterproof blanket, such as... Figure 3 As shown, by using overlapping areas, the neatness of the waterproof blanket is improved, avoiding the phenomenon of small deviations in the early stage of laying and large deviations in the later stage, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the waterproof blanket.

[0042] In one embodiment, a composite waterproof blanket with the above-described structure is laid on the base surface where seepage prevention is required, with the upper protective layer facing the water-facing side and the lower protective layer facing the water-repellent side. During application, the laying direction of the waterproof blanket must be clearly defined according to the specific application scenario, and the overlapping areas should be connected in sections to ensure the overall continuity of the seepage prevention structure, thereby avoiding engineering defects caused by water leakage.

[0043] In one embodiment, the construction method of the composite waterproof blanket is summarized as follows: (1) A construction method mainly based on machinery and supplemented by manual labor is adopted to clean the plant roots, boulders, wires and other sharp objects in the base layer to avoid damage to the composite waterproof blanket due to external factors; (2) The base layer is compacted and leveled to ensure that the base layer is tight and uniform, the soil is firm, and there are no defects such as cracks, mud, or depressions; (3) The composite waterproof blanket is laid on the surface of the base layer, and the lower anti-slip protrusions are inserted into the base layer to better fix and combine the waterproof blanket with the base layer. At the same time, during the laying process, sandbags or soft heavy objects are used for pressing to prevent damage from strong winds; (4) After the laying is completed, the overlapping surface and the surface of the waterproof blanket are cleaned of impurities, and protective measures are taken in time to avoid long-term exposure.

[0044] In one embodiment, the waterproof blanket comprises an upper protective layer 2, a composite geotextile layer 3, a superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer 4, and a lower protective layer 5. Compared to other waterproof materials that only have the single function of water blocking, this waterproof blanket is a composite waterproof blanket that adapts to settlement deformation. Its composite geotextile layer 3 and superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer 4 enable it to have both water blocking and seepage prevention functions as well as adaptability to foundation settlement deformation, collapse, and local uneven displacement. The upper protective layer 2 and the lower protective layer 5 form a stable and robust protective layer for the main body of the waterproof blanket.

[0045] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0046] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composite waterproof blanket that adapts to the settlement and deformation of the substrate, characterized in that: The composite waterproof blanket comprises, from top to bottom, an upper anti-slip protrusion (1), an upper protective layer (2), a composite geotextile layer (3), a superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4), a lower protective layer (5), and a lower anti-slip protrusion (6). The upper anti-slip protrusion (1) is located on the upper surface of the upper protective layer (2), and the lower anti-slip protrusion (6) is located on the lower surface of the lower protective layer (5). The upper protective layer (2), the composite geotextile layer (3), the superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4), and the lower protective layer (5) constitute the waterproof blanket body (8). The upper anti-slip protrusion (1) is located on the upper surface of the waterproof blanket body (8), and the lower anti-slip protrusion (6) is located on the lower surface. A laying overlap area (7) is provided on one side of the waterproof blanket body (8). The superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4) is composed of superhydrophobic modified soil (4-1) filled into the interior of a three-dimensional elastic mesh layer (4-2) according to a preset compaction degree; A composite geotextile layer (3) is provided on the upper and lower layers of the superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4). Each composite geotextile layer (3) is formed by stitching needle-punched nonwoven geotextile (3-1) and flexible deformable strip (3-2) together with a sewing line (3-3) and then combining it with the isolation layer (3-4). The upper protective layer (2) is provided on the composite geotextile layer (3) above the superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4); the lower protective layer (5) is provided below the composite geotextile layer (3) below the superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4); the upper protective layer (2) and the lower protective layer (5) are combined with the composite geotextile (3) by spraying and brushing, respectively.

2. The composite waterproof blanket adapting to substrate settlement deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper protective layer (2) is made of polyurea material, and the lower protective layer (5) is made of polyurethane material.

3. The composite waterproof blanket adapting to substrate settlement deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower anti-slip protrusion (6) is in the shape of a triangular nail.

4. The composite waterproof blanket adapting to substrate settlement deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suture (3-3) is made of high-strength nylon thread.

5. The composite waterproof blanket adapting to substrate settlement deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation layer (3-4) is made of flexible film or flexible filter material with a mesh size of not less than 1000 mesh.

6. The composite waterproof blanket adapting to substrate settlement deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional elastic mesh layer (4-2) consists of horizontal flexible meshes at the top and bottom and a three-dimensional elastic mesh with undulating heights and uniform distribution in the middle.

7. The composite waterproof blanket adapting to substrate settlement deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper anti-slip ridge is made of hollow rubber strip filled with elastic foam material.

8. A method of using the composite waterproof blanket according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, When laying the waterproof blanket, the upper protective layer faces the water-facing side and the lower protective layer faces the water-repellent side. The laying direction of the waterproof blanket should be determined according to the site conditions, and the overlapping areas should be connected in sections to ensure the overall continuity of the seepage prevention structure.

9. A composite waterproof blanket that adapts to the settlement and deformation of the substrate, characterized in that: The composite waterproof blanket has an upper protective layer (2), a composite geotextile layer (3), a superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4), and a lower protective layer (5) from top to bottom. The superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4) is composed of superhydrophobic modified soil (4-1) filled into the interior of a three-dimensional elastic mesh layer (4-2) according to a preset compaction degree; A composite geotextile layer (3) is provided on the upper and lower layers of the superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4). Each composite geotextile layer (3) is formed by stitching needle-punched nonwoven geotextile (3-1) and flexible deformable strip (3-2) together with a sewing line (3-3) and then combining it with the isolation layer (3-4). The upper protective layer (2) is provided on the composite geotextile layer (3) above the superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4); the lower protective layer (5) is provided below the composite geotextile layer (3) below the superhydrophobic soil waterproof layer (4); the upper protective layer (2) and the lower protective layer (5) are respectively bonded to the composite geotextile (3) by spraying or brushing.

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