A novel substation frame consisting of a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns.

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel substation frame consisting of a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns, comprising: a horizontally stressed sail-shaped arch beam and a vertically stressed oblique intersecting column assembly; the oblique intersecting column assembly includes two sets of end orthogonal intersecting columns located at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the frame and several sets of intermediate oblique intersecting columns located between the two sets of end orthogonal intersecting columns; the two ends of the sail-shaped arch beam are positioned at the top of the end orthogonal intersecting columns. This invention, by employing a sail-shaped closed-section beam and utilizing the reasonable geometric curve of the arch and the tensile and compressive characteristics of the oblique intersecting columns, transforms the mid-span bending moment into horizontal thrust at the arch foot, significantly reducing the peak value of the mid-span positive bending moment and deflection, achieving the goals of high efficiency in load-bearing, material conservation, strong temperature adaptability, convenient construction, compactness, land saving, and easy maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation structure technology, specifically a novel substation frame consisting of a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns. Background Technology

[0002] The substation frame is mainly subjected to horizontal loads, the main horizontal loads being the tension of the conductors and ground wires, followed by wind force. The magnitude of conductor tension is related to the conductor span, sag, conductor self-weight, ice thickness, down conductor weight, and personnel access for installation and maintenance. The conductor sag also changes with temperature. Therefore, the frame is characterized by tall columns and narrow cross-sections, belonging to a highly flexible structure. Traditional substation structures often employ a combination of steel pipe herringbone columns or lattice columns with triangular lattice beams or rectangular steel beams. This approach presents constraints in terms of stress distribution, economy, construction, and land use. Taking the two mainstream structures, lattice column-beam and steel pipe herringbone columns, as examples, the main drawbacks are as follows: 1. Constraints on load-bearing performance: The out-of-plane stiffness of the herringbone column is weak, and the end herringbone column needs to be added with end bracing, which increases the amount of steel used and the number of nodes. In windy areas such as Gansu and Xinjiang, the operation and maintenance records of 750kV substations show that the lattice beam is prone to vortex-induced vibration in strong wind areas, which leads to through-fatigue cracks at the weld toe of the intersecting weld between the web members and chord members of the lattice beam. The beam-column hinge coordination is poor, and the mid-span bending moment and deflection are large. 2. Temperature stress control is difficult, steel consumption is large, and construction period is long: According to the general design typical scheme of 110kV~750kV substations, as 330kV, 500kV and 750kV substations develop towards compactness and scale intensification, the distribution equipment area often adopts a combined frame that connects the incoming and outgoing line frame and the busbar frame into a whole, with a total length of 150m~300m. When the length of the combined frame exceeds 120m, the temperature stress increases significantly. The traditional temperature joint scheme adopts double-row columns, which leads to an increase in the land area, the amount of steel for the frame columns, the amount of foundation concrete, and the construction period. 3. High construction difficulty and poor durability and maintenance: The deformation of the 750kV lattice structure is difficult to control during hoisting; the straight seam welding and hot-dip galvanizing of the herringbone columns cause serious deformation; the transportation of ultra-long components is restricted; the lattice structure has many gaps at the nodes, which are prone to dust and water accumulation; the corrosion prevention and maintenance are frequent; and the maintenance cost is increasing year by year.

[0003] As power grid construction moves towards higher voltage levels, more compact sites, and more intelligent operation, the limitations of these traditional architectures are becoming increasingly apparent. This is also driving the continuous innovation and optimization of substation architecture design towards greater efficiency, economy, and reliability. In summary, there is an urgent need for a new architecture to break through the limitations of the traditional model.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is the closest prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel substation frame with a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as poor load-bearing performance, difficulty in temperature stress control, large steel consumption, high construction difficulty, and poor durability and maintenance of traditional frames.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A novel substation frame consisting of a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal planar intersecting columns includes: Horizontally stressed sail-shaped arch beams and vertically stressed diagonally intersecting column assemblies; The oblique cross column assembly includes two sets of end orthogonal cross columns disposed at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the frame, and several sets of intermediate oblique cross columns disposed between the two sets of end orthogonal cross columns; The two ends of the sail arch beam are placed on the top of the orthogonal cross columns at the ends.

[0007] Furthermore, the sail-shaped arch beam adopts a closed section of a sail-shaped rectangular or circular steel tube, with a rise-to-span ratio of 1 / 12 to 1 / 8. The sail arch beam is equipped with hanging points and rigid longitudinal tie rods.

[0008] Furthermore, the intermediate diagonal cross columns are made of seamless or straight-seam welded steel pipes; The two intermediate diagonally intersecting columns form an angle of 30° to 150° on the horizontal projection plane and can be tilted in different directions on the vertical plane to form an X-shaped spatial intersecting structure. The two intermediate diagonally intersecting columns are fixedly connected to each other at the middle or upper part by a clamp-type cross node connector.

[0009] Furthermore, the end orthogonal cross columns are made of seamless or straight-seam welded steel pipes; Each set of end orthogonal cross columns consists of two steel pipes forming a rectangular cross-section truss column, with the two columns projecting horizontally at a 90° angle in the orthogonal plane; The end orthogonal cross columns are fixedly connected to the fixed foundation, and the load is transferred to the foundation through the fixed foundation; The end orthogonal cross columns are provided with horizontal bracing at one-third of the division position.

[0010] Furthermore, the sail arch beam and the diagonal cross column assembly are connected by flanges or plug-in joints at the beam-column connection nodes.

[0011] Furthermore, the column bases of the intermediate diagonally intersecting columns are connected to sliding support foundations; The sliding support foundation adopts a ball joint support with slight sliding or a polytetrafluoroethylene rubber pad foundation. The column bases of the orthogonal cross columns at the ends adopt the fixed foundation.

[0012] Furthermore, the sail arch beam is processed in sections, with each section having a length of ≤8 meters; The intermediate diagonal cross columns and the end orthogonal cross columns can be prefabricated in the factory into "X" shaped spatial units, with each segment having a length of ≤8 meters.

[0013] Furthermore, all components of the sail arch beam, the intermediate diagonal cross column, and the end orthogonal cross column are continuous closed surfaces.

[0014] Furthermore, the included angle of the projection of the intermediate diagonal cross column on the horizontal plane can be adjusted according to the outgoing direction, the span of the frame, the tension of the conductor, and the height of the frame column.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention adopts a sail-shaped closed section beam, which utilizes the reasonable geometric curve of the arch and the tension and compression characteristics of the diagonally intersecting columns to convert the mid-span bending moment into the horizontal thrust at the arch foot, significantly reducing the peak value of the mid-span positive bending moment and deflection, and achieving the goals of high efficiency in force distribution, economical material saving, strong temperature adaptability, convenient construction, compact and land-saving design, and convenient maintenance.

[0016] 2. By adopting the middle X-shaped cross columns and the end orthogonal truss columns, the present invention significantly improves the out-of-plane stiffness of the frame. The columns support each other, reducing the end bracing required for traditional herringbone columns and saving steel. Combined with the rigid connection between the sail arch beam and the column, the synergistic load-bearing capacity is enhanced.

[0017] 3. This invention effectively releases the temperature stress of ultra-long combined structures by using the sliding support of the intermediate column, the fixed support of the end column, and the axial expansion and contraction adaptability of the sail arch beam itself. This eliminates the need for traditional temperature joints and double rows of columns for structures with a length exceeding 120m, significantly saving land area, steel and concrete usage, and shortening the construction period.

[0018] 4. By adopting beams and columns with solid closed cross sections and simple node connection methods, the surface of the components is continuously closed, which facilitates factory prefabrication, segmented transportation and rapid on-site splicing with high-strength bolts, reduces the difficulty of hoisting and the risk of deformation, and improves construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Attached reference numerals: L, spacing between columns of a frame; L0, total length of the frame; 1, sail-shaped arch beam; 2, intermediate diagonal cross column; 3, end orthogonal cross column; 4, horizontal brace; 5, longitudinal tie rod; 6, hanging point; 7, sliding support foundation; 8, fixed foundation; 9, beam-column connection; 10, clamp-type cross node connector. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: A novel substation frame consisting of a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal planar intersecting columns includes: The horizontally stressed sail-shaped arch beam 1 and the vertically stressed diagonal cross column assembly; The oblique cross column assembly includes two sets of end orthogonal cross columns 3 disposed at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the frame and several sets of intermediate oblique cross columns 2 disposed between the two sets of end orthogonal cross columns 3; Both ends of the sail arch beam 1 are placed on the top of the orthogonal cross column 3 at the ends.

[0023] As an improvement, the sail-shaped arch beam 1 adopts a closed section of a sail-shaped rectangular or circular steel tube, with a rise-to-span ratio of 1 / 12 to 1 / 8. The sail arch beam 1 is equipped with a hanging point 6 and a rigid longitudinal tie rod 5.

[0024] Furthermore, the intermediate diagonal cross column 2 is made of seamless or straight-seam welded steel pipe; The two intermediate diagonally intersecting columns 2 form an angle of 30° to 150° on the horizontal projection plane, and can be tilted in different directions on the vertical plane to form an X-shaped spatial intersecting structure. The two intermediate diagonally intersecting columns 2 are fixedly connected to each other in the middle or upper part by a clamp-type cross node connector 10.

[0025] As an improvement, the end orthogonal cross post 3 is made of seamless or straight-seam welded steel pipe; Each set of end orthogonal cross columns 3 consists of two steel pipes forming a rectangular cross-section truss column, with the two columns projecting horizontally at a 90° angle in the orthogonal plane; The end orthogonal cross column 3 is fixedly connected to the fixed foundation 8, and the load is transferred to the foundation through the fixed foundation 8; The end orthogonal cross column 3 is provided with a horizontal brace 4 at one-third of the division position.

[0026] As an improvement, the sail arch beam 1 and the diagonal cross column assembly are connected by a flange or plug-in joint at the beam-column connection node 9.

[0027] Furthermore, the column base of the intermediate diagonal cross column 2 is connected to a sliding support foundation 7; The sliding support foundation 7 adopts a ball joint support with slight sliding or a polytetrafluoroethylene rubber pad foundation. The column base of the orthogonal cross column 3 at the end adopts the fixed foundation 8.

[0028] Furthermore, the sail arch beam 1 is processed in sections, with each section having a length of ≤8 meters; The intermediate diagonal cross column 2 and the end orthogonal cross column 3 can be prefabricated in the factory into "X" shaped spatial units, with each segment having a length of ≤8 meters; Among them, the beam and column segments are spliced ​​on site using high-strength bolts.

[0029] Furthermore, all components of the sail arch beam 1, the intermediate diagonal cross column 2, and the end orthogonal cross column 3 are continuous closed surfaces.

[0030] As an improvement, the included angle of the projection of the intermediate diagonal cross column 2 on the horizontal plane can be adjusted according to the outgoing direction, the span of the frame, the tension of the conductor, and the height of the frame column.

[0031] It should be noted that in the specific implementation of this invention, the sail arch beam 1 adopts a closed section of a sail arch-shaped rectangular or circular steel pipe. The rise-to-span ratio of the sail arch beam 1 can be considered to be 1 / 12 to 1 / 8. A hanging point 6 and a rigid longitudinal tie rod 5 are set in the middle, and the two ends are supported on the top of the inclined cross columns. Under the action of self-weight, ice accumulation and other vertical loads and the horizontal tension of the conductor, the frame beam generates axial pressure and bending moment under the combined force. The arch effect is used to convert the bending moment in the middle of the span into the horizontal thrust of the arch foot, so that the peak value of the positive bending moment in the middle of the span can be reduced by 40% to 60% compared with the simply supported beam of the same span. This directly meets the arching requirements of the traditional frame, reduces the deflection in the middle of the span, and controls it within L / 300, where L is the spacing between the columns of a frame. Among them, the arc-shaped profile of the sail arch beam 1 avoids the regular vortex shedding conditions generated by the regular triangular cross section of the lattice beam. After the airflow flows around it, it is difficult to form a stable vortex street. The solid web section has a higher structural damping ratio, effectively avoiding vortex-induced resonance and eliminating the risk of fatigue cracking of the weld seam of the web member of the lattice beam. The middle diagonal cross column 2 in this invention is made of seamless or straight-seam welded steel pipe. When the load is large, steel pipe concrete can be used. The two columns are at an angle of 30° to 150° on the horizontal projection plane and can be tilted in different directions on the vertical plane to form an X-shaped spatial intersection. The two columns are fixed to each other in the middle or upper part by a clamp-type cross node connector 10. This structure enables the two columns to support each other when bearing horizontal loads in the direction along the conductor and perpendicular to the conductor. The out-of-plane stiffness is increased by more than 50% compared with the traditional herringbone column. The end oblique cross column 3 in this invention is made of seamless or straight-seam welded steel pipe. When the load is large, steel pipe concrete can be used. Three-dimensional truss-type orthogonal plane cross columns are set at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the frame. The rectangular cross-section truss column is composed of two sets of two steel pipes. The horizontal projection of the two columns in the orthogonal plane is at a 90° angle. The end oblique cross column 3 bears all longitudinal horizontal forces such as conductor tension, wind, and temperature stress. The top of the column is rigidly connected to the sail arch beam 1. The end oblique cross column 3 is fixedly connected to the fixed foundation 8 and the force is transmitted to the foundation through the fixed foundation 8. The cross brace 4 is set at one-third of the truss column to ensure the overall stability of the combined frame. Among them, flanges or plug-in joints can be used at beam-column connection node 9 between the sail arch beam 1 and the oblique cross column assembly, so that the beam and column can jointly bear the horizontal load, further reducing the column top displacement and beam mid-span bending moment. Furthermore, due to the compression-bending stress mode of the sail arch beam 1, the beam section height can be reduced by 20% to 30% compared to the triangular lattice beam for the same span, and the amount of steel used in the middle diagonal cross column 2 and the end orthogonal cross column 3 is reduced by 15% to 25% compared to the traditional lattice frame; The present invention reduces the amount of steel used in the node area by about 30% by using flange or plug joints and clamp-type cross joint connectors 10 at the beam-column connection node 9 between the sail arch beam 1 and the oblique cross column assembly, and by using solid webs to receive the force. Compared with the large number of node plates, stiffening ribs and intersecting welds in the lattice node in the prior art, the steel used in the node area is reduced by about 30%, and the double-row columns with temperature seams are eliminated, further saving steel. In this invention, the sliding support foundation 7 of the column base of the middle diagonal cross column 2 adopts a ball joint support with a small amount of sliding or a polytetrafluoroethylene rubber pad foundation, which allows the column base to produce limited horizontal displacement under the action of temperature difference. The end orthogonal cross column 3 adopts a fixed support as the constraint endpoint of longitudinal deformation. The temperature deformation of the entire combined frame accumulates from the end to the middle, and the maximum displacement occurs in the middle section and is released through the sliding support. The arc-shaped profile of the sail arch beam 1 has a natural ability to adapt to axial expansion and contraction. The beam can produce uniform bending deformation without generating excessive internal temperature forces when the temperature changes. For ultra-long combined frames with a length exceeding 120m, the above structure can eliminate the need for temperature joints, thus avoiding the additional land occupation, steel consumption, and concrete work of double-row columns and intermediate foundations. In this invention, the middle diagonal cross column 2 and the end orthogonal cross column 3 can be prefabricated in the factory as "X" shaped spatial units. The two columns are fixed together in sections by clamp-type cross node connectors 10. The sail arch beam 1 is processed in sections. Each section of the beam and column is ≤8m to meet transportation needs. High-strength bolts are used for splicing on site, reducing the number of on-site hoisting operations by about 50%. The sail arch beam 1 has a solid web closed section with high torsional stiffness. The X-shaped cross column unit is a spatially stable structure, and its deformation is easy to control during hoisting, making installation convenient. The projection of the middle diagonal cross column 2 on the horizontal plane in this invention can be adjusted according to the direction of the outgoing line, the span of the frame, the tension of the conductor and the height of the frame column, etc., and the arrangement requirements are flexible. The end orthogonal cross column 3 is orthogonal and compact, and has the same shape as the middle diagonal cross column 2. No additional end support foundation is required, which further reduces the footprint. The net height between the lower edge of the arc of the sail arch beam 1 and the ground is increased, which improves the space utilization. The supports for surge arresters and voltage transformers can be flexibly arranged. This invention ensures that all components are continuous and closed surfaces, and that the hot-dip galvanizing process is fully immersed without dead corners, resulting in a complete and uniform galvanized layer and a reduced corrosion rate. The curved profile of the sail arch beam 1 and the smooth surface of the solid web components of the cross columns are not easy to accumulate dust, water, or salt. There is no need to clean the dust accumulation at the joints regularly. During anti-corrosion maintenance, only the outer surface needs to be sprayed, reducing the amount of maintenance work.

[0032] The following examples will further illustrate this solution: like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a sail-arch beam inclined cross-column frame for substations with voltage levels below 330kV. The frame has a total height of 18 meters and a span of 18 meters. All components are made of Q355B low-alloy high-strength structural steel pipes. Diagonal cross column assembly: Each column consists of two steel pipes with a diameter of 219mm and a wall thickness of 8mm. The two steel pipes intersect in an X shape in the plane, with the intersection point located in the middle of the column height. The lower ends of the two steel pipes are hinged or rigidly connected to the column footing of the concrete independent foundation, respectively, while the upper ends are inclined to the outside or inside, respectively, and finally converge at the top connection node. Under the action of horizontal load, the column on the windward side is under tension, and the column on the leeward side is under compression, together resisting the bending moment.

[0033] Sail Arch Beam 1: A single steel tube arch beam with a cross section of Φ273×10mm is adopted. Its arch axis is designed as a quadratic parabola with a rise-to-span ratio of 1 / 5. The two ends of the sail arch beam 1 are connected to the top beam-column connection node 9 of the end orthogonal cross column 3 by welding or by high-strength bolt flange.

[0034] Vertical loads such as the self-weight of the conductors and equipment and wind loads act on the sail arch beam 1. Due to the reasonable curve of the arch, the bending moment is basically converted into axial pressure along the arch body, and only a very small secondary bending moment is generated.

[0035] Connection and assembly: All components are prefabricated, cut and welded in the factory. On-site, flanges and bolts are used to connect the main nodes. Full penetration groove welding is used for critical load-bearing nodes. The entire frame is set up every 8 meters along the longitudinal direction of the substation, and steel pipe tie rods are used to connect them in the longitudinal direction to ensure overall stability.

[0036] After the structure was implemented, finite element analysis and load tests verified that its load-bearing capacity was increased by about 20% compared with the traditional frame, steel consumption was reduced by 18%, and the floor space was reduced by 15%, fully achieving the expected results.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0038] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel substation frame consisting of a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal planar intersecting columns, characterized in that, include: A horizontally stressed sail arch beam (1) and a vertically stressed diagonal cross column assembly; The oblique cross column assembly includes two sets of end orthogonal cross columns (3) set at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the frame and several sets of intermediate oblique cross columns (2) set between the two sets of end orthogonal cross columns (3); The two ends of the sail arch beam (1) are placed on the top of the end orthogonal cross column (3).

2. The novel substation frame with a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sail-shaped arch beam (1) adopts a closed section of a sail-shaped rectangular or circular steel pipe, and its rise-to-span ratio is 1 / 12 to 1 / 8. The sail arch beam (1) is provided with hanging points (6) and rigid longitudinal tie rods (5).

3. The novel substation frame with a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate diagonal cross column (2) is made of seamless or straight-seam welded steel pipe; The two intermediate diagonally intersecting columns (2) form an angle of 30° to 150° on the horizontal projection plane and can be tilted in different directions on the vertical plane to form an X-shaped spatial intersecting structure; The two intermediate diagonal cross columns (2) are fixedly connected to each other in the middle or upper part by a clamp-type cross node connector (10).

4. The novel substation frame with a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The end orthogonal cross column (3) is made of seamless or straight seam welded steel pipe; Each set of end orthogonal cross columns (3) consists of two steel pipes forming a rectangular cross-section truss column, with the two columns projecting horizontally at a 90° angle in the orthogonal plane; The end orthogonal cross column (3) is fixedly connected to the fixed foundation (8) and transmits the load to the foundation through the fixed foundation (8); The end orthogonal cross column (3) is provided with a cross brace (4) at one-third of the division position.

5. A novel substation frame with a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sail arch beam (1) and the oblique cross column assembly are connected by a flange or plug-in joint at the beam-column connection node (9).

6. A novel substation frame with a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The column base of the intermediate diagonal cross column (2) is connected to a sliding support foundation (7); The sliding support foundation (7) adopts a ball joint support with slight sliding or a polytetrafluoroethylene rubber pad foundation. The column base of the orthogonal cross column (3) at the end adopts the fixed foundation (8).

7. A novel substation frame with a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The sail arch beam (1) is processed in sections, with each section having a length of ≤8 meters; The intermediate diagonal cross column (2) and the end orthogonal cross column (3) can be prefabricated in the factory into "X" shaped space units, each with a length ≤ 8 meters.

8. A novel substation frame with a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that: All components of the sail arch beam (1), the intermediate diagonal cross column (2), and the end orthogonal cross column (3) are continuous closed surfaces.

9. A novel substation frame with a sail-shaped arch beam and non-orthogonal plane intersecting columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle of the projection of the intermediate diagonal cross column (2) on the horizontal plane is adjusted according to the outgoing direction, the span of the frame, the tension of the conductor and the height of the frame column.

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