Installation construction method of large-span hyperbolic single-layer net shell structure

Abstract

The application discloses a large-span hyperbolic single-layer net shell structure installation construction method, relates to the technical field of hyperbolic single-layer net shell structure installation, and comprises the following steps: construction preparation and plane layout; component prefabrication and transportation; structure installation, cooperation of a main tower crane and a roof crane is adopted, and installation is sequentially performed from the middle part to the two ends; temporary support, a support frame is erected by adopting a standard section assembly, a conversion beam is arranged at the bottom to transfer a load, and a conversion component is arranged at the top to connect net shell nodes; support removal, after structure forming, a jack is used to unload and symmetrically remove the support frame, and the large-span hyperbolic net shell installation precision, construction efficiency and overall safety are effectively improved by unitized prefabrication, reasonable installation sequence and a special temporary support system, and the method is suitable for rapid and stable construction of complex space structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure installation technology, specifically a construction method for installing a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure. Background Technology

[0002] Large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structures, as a type of building structure with excellent spatial load-bearing performance and beautiful appearance, are widely used in large public buildings such as stadiums, exhibition centers, and transportation hubs. These structures are characterized by large spans, complex curved surfaces, and precise node construction, making their construction and installation quite difficult, especially in terms of component hoisting, positioning, temporary support, and structural stability control, which present many technical challenges.

[0003] Currently, traditional installation methods for large-span reticulated shell structures mainly include the overall lifting method, segmented hoisting method, and sliding construction method. However, in the construction of hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structures, due to the complex curved surface and varied spatial orientation of the members, traditional methods often have the following problems: 1. Low hoisting efficiency: The large number and irregular shape of the components make it difficult to accurately position them during hoisting, affecting the installation accuracy and progress; 2. Complex temporary support system: The support frame is difficult to erect, the load transfer path is unclear, which can easily lead to support instability or structural deformation; 3. Unreasonable construction sequence: If the installation sequence is improper, it is easy to cause uneven redistribution of internal forces in the structure, which will affect the safety of the structure after it is completed; 4. Difficulty in installing lower-level members: In multi-layer spatial structures, the installation space for lower-level members is limited, and traditional methods are difficult to achieve efficient and accurate positioning.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new construction technique that can coordinate the entire process of hoisting, supporting, positioning and dismantling in order to improve construction quality, ensure structural safety, shorten the construction period and reduce construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for installing a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for installing a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure, comprising the following steps: S1. Construction preparation and site layout: Arrange the main tower crane and roof crane on the construction site, and plan the component storage yard and transportation route; S2. Component Prefabrication and Transportation: The grid shell structure members are prefabricated into square frame unit components in the factory and then transported to the site storage yard. S3. Structural installation: The main tower crane is used to complete the vertical transportation of components, and the roof crane is used to carry out local hoisting and installation operations, and the installation is carried out in the order of expanding from the middle of the structure to both ends; S4. Temporary support: A temporary support frame is erected using standard section components. A transfer beam is set at the bottom of the support frame to transfer the load to the main beam structure. A transfer component is set at the top of the support frame to connect with the reticulated shell structure node. S5. Support Removal: After the grid shell structure is formed, use jacks to unload the support points, and then remove the temporary support frame symmetrically from top to bottom.

[0007] Preferably, the structural installation in step S3 is performed in the following order: The middle section of the first dome T1; Saddle section; The upper and lower sections of the first dome T1; Install the second dome T2 structural section and reserve the roof hoisting installation opening; Remove the roof hoist and replace the components at the opening.

[0008] Preferably, in step S1, the component storage area needs to be hardened, and the hardened layer is made of C20 concrete with a thickness of not less than 150mm.

[0009] Preferably, step S3 further includes the installation of the lower-level rods, specifically: pushing the rods outward from inside the lower floor, and using a hand-operated hoist to adjust the spatial posture and tilt angle of the rods; the lower part of the upper frame structure rods has a reserved opening, and after the lower-level rods are pushed in and positioned, the opening is sealed by penetration welding.

[0010] Preferably, the standard section assembly in step S4 has a main chord specification of 135. 135 12mm, standard section size is 1600 1600 2800mm; the temporary support frame is configured as a single-point support frame and a double-point support frame according to the requirements of the support points.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the temporary support frame is connected to the grid shell structure by setting an H-shaped steel transfer beam, and a support plate is set between the H-shaped steel transfer beam and the grid shell structure for support.

[0012] Preferably, the standard section assembly used in step S4 includes columns, steel beams, diagonal braces, and positioning and reinforcing devices. The columns are vertically distributed along the four sides, and steel beams are fixedly connected between the upper, middle, and lower parts of adjacent columns. Diagonal braces are welded between adjacent steel beams. Positioning and reinforcing devices are provided between the columns on the four sides. The positioning and reinforcing devices include positioning components, extrusion and rotation components, and bottom reinforcing components. The positioning components are placed between the columns on the four sides, and the upper end of the positioning components is connected to the extrusion and rotation components, while the lower end of the positioning components is connected to the bottom reinforcing components.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning component includes a turntable, with transmission grooves on all four sides inside the turntable. A convex shaft is inserted into each of the transmission grooves on each side. The bottom of the convex shaft is fixedly connected to a slide plate. The slide plate is slidably installed inside a guide plate. The outer side of the guide plate is connected to a steel beam. A vertical rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the slide plate, and a positioning strip is installed on the top of the vertical rod.

[0014] Preferably, the extrusion rotation assembly includes a fixed cylinder, which is placed on the upper end of the turntable and connected to a steel beam via a plate. A rotating cylinder is rotatably installed inside the fixed cylinder. A connecting shaft is inserted into the outer part of the upper end of the rotating cylinder. One side of the connecting shaft is embedded in a sleeve, which is vertically fitted onto the upper end of the rotating cylinder. A support rod is installed at the upper end of the sleeve and vertically inserted into the rotating cylinder. A spring is installed on the outside of the support rod, with its bottom abutting against the bottom of the rotating cylinder. A limiting head is connected to the bottom of the rotating cylinder. The limiting head is embedded in a limiting groove, which is located at the bottom of the fixed cylinder. Ball bearings are equidistantly installed on the outer side of the bottom of the limiting head, and a flange is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the limiting head. The flange is locked to the middle of the turntable by bolts.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom reinforcement assembly includes a pressure frame, which is disposed opposite to the lower end of the guide plate. Push plates are movably embedded on both sides of the pressure frame, and the tops of the push plates on both sides are fixed to the sliding plate. An oblique contact surface is provided inside both sides of the pressure frame, and the oblique contact surface is horizontally opposite to the pushing part at the lower end of the push plate. Guide grooves are provided on all four sides of the pressure frame, and the guide grooves are connected to the upper end of the sliding frame. A positioning shaft is connected to the bottom of the sliding frame. The positioning shaft is slidably inserted into the support plate, and the support plate is fixed to the lower end of the four side columns. Support columns are vertically fixed on the front and rear sides of the support plate, and the upper end of the support column is inserted into the pressure frame. A return spring is provided on the outside of the support column, and the upper and lower ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the pressure frame and the support plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention effectively controls the cumulative error of complex hyperbolic structures by prefabricating the rods into square frame units and combining them with an expansion installation sequence from the middle to both ends, thereby improving installation accuracy and efficiency. The use of modular tower crane standard sections to erect temporary support frames enables rapid construction of the support system and precise load transfer. The unique floor-level inward-pushing method for installing lower-level rods solves the problem of component placement in narrow spaces. Thus, it significantly improves the construction quality, safety, and overall construction speed of large-span hyperbolic reticulated shells.

[0017] 2. This invention sets up a positioning component, in which the rotation of the turntable, through the cooperation of the transmission groove and the convex shaft, synchronously drives the sliding plates and vertical rods on the four sides to retract towards the center, so that the positioning strip at the top tightly abuts against the upper standard section component, achieving radial synchronous locking in the horizontal direction. This effectively limits the horizontal displacement and swaying when the temporary support frame is stacked, ensuring the concentricity and overall stability of the docking of the upper and lower standard section components.

[0018] 3. By setting up a compression and rotation component, that is, by pressing down on the sleeve to drive the internal mechanism, the vertical displacement of the sleeve is converted into the precise rotation of the turntable, which greatly simplifies the assembly process of temporary supports, realizes the rapid and accurate initial docking and power transmission of the upper and lower standard section components, and improves construction efficiency.

[0019] 4. By setting a bottom reinforcement component, the horizontal movement of the positioning component is converted into a stable downward pressure of the pressure frame through the cooperation of the push plate and the inclined surface. This drives the four side positioning shafts to extend outward synchronously and insert into the preset holes of the vertical rod, realizing automatic vertical insertion and locking. This forms a strong shear and pull-out resistant connection, significantly enhancing the overall rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the stacked temporary support frame. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure of the T1 dome reticulated shell structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure of the T2 dome reticulated shell structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation steps for the large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the standard section component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning and reinforcement device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the positioning and reinforcement device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the extrusion rotary assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom reinforcement component structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the bottom reinforcement component of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: Column-1, Steel Beam-2, Diagonal Brace-3, Positioning and Reinforcing Device-4, Positioning Assembly-41, Turntable-411, Transmission Groove-412, Convex Shaft-413, Slide Plate-414, Guide Plate-415, Vertical Rod-416, Positioning Strip-417, Extrusion Rotation Assembly-42, Fixed Cylinder-421, Rotary Cylinder-422, Connecting Shaft-423, Sleeve-424, Support Rod-425, Spring-426, Limiting Rotary Head-427, Limiting Groove-428, Ball Bearing-429, Flange-4210, Bottom Reinforcing Assembly-43, Pressure Frame-431, Push Plate-432, Angled Contact Surface-433, Guide Groove-434, Sliding Frame-435, Positioning Shaft-436, Support Plate-437, Support Column-438, Return Spring-439. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description is provided below through specific embodiments.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-4 This invention provides a method for installing a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure, comprising the following steps: S1. Construction preparation and site layout: Arrange the main tower crane and roof crane at the construction site, and plan the component storage yard and transportation route.

[0024] In this embodiment, the main tower crane is a ZSL850 tower crane, and the roof crane is a ZSL500 roof crane. When the construction site is laid out, a component storage area is set up on the left side of the ZSL500 roof crane. After the components are unloaded from the storage area, they are transported to the roof as a temporary storage area before hoisting operations are carried out. Before construction, the component storage area needs to be hardened. The hardening layer is made of C20 concrete with a thickness of not less than 150mm, and the component transportation route is planned to ensure smooth transportation.

[0025] S2. Component Prefabrication and Transportation: The grid shell structure members are prefabricated into square frame unit components in the factory and then transported to the site storage yard.

[0026] In this embodiment, the reticulated shell structure members are processed into rectangular unit components that do not exceed the allowed length and width in the factory and then transported to the site. After the individual components are processed in the factory, they are re-measured in the factory and sent to the site only after they are confirmed to be correct. The components are transported by truck, with the maximum size of the transport truck being 17.5×3×3m. The components are loaded according to the size of the frame unit, and adjacent components are separated by baffles to avoid collisions. The components are packaged with customized protective cardboard and pearl cotton and fixed on the vehicle. After the components are transported to the site, they are classified and stacked according to their numbers. When stacking, they should be raised by more than 200mm to reduce the deformation of the components during stacking.

[0027] S3. Structural Installation: The main tower crane is used to complete the vertical transportation of components, and the roof crane is used to carry out partial hoisting and installation operations, in the order of expansion from the middle of the structure to both ends.

[0028] In this embodiment, a ZSL850 tower crane is used for vertical transportation, with a lifting capacity of 9t when the working radius is 60m; a ZSL500 roof crane is used to lift components in the storage yard.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the elevation of the T1 dome's grid shell structure. The T1 dome spans from the 33rd to the 35th floor, and the structural installation proceeds in a sequence expanding from the center outwards. Figure 4 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the overall installation steps. The overall installation sequence is as follows: first, install the middle section of the first dome T1, then install the saddle section, then install the upper and lower sections of the first dome T1, then install the structural section of the second dome T2 and reserve the roof hoisting installation opening, and finally remove the roof hoist and replace the components at the opening.

[0030] Specifically, the installation of the T1 dome reticulated shell structure includes the following steps: The middle section is installed as follows: Use a scissor lift to install vertical keels with corbels on the 33rd and 34th floors; The left and right frame structures are installed using a roof hoist, and the corbels are welded to the frame. Using a scissor lift to supplement the loose parts between the frame and the vertical members, the middle section of loose parts is 3.2m high, the upper members are installed on the 35th floor slab, and the lower loose parts are installed by hanging a basket on the 33rd floor; Install from the middle outwards, and after installing one frame piece, immediately add the intermediate components; leave gaps between the straight and curved sections for the loose rods, one on each side, and then add them last.

[0031] The saddle section is installed as follows: First, install the positioning supports, then set up five support frames; Install the five frame units in the order of "center first, then sides", and use a scissor lift to fill in the loose parts between the frames; The saddle and unit connection section are installed using a mortise and tenon method. First, the positioning support is installed, and then the rod is inserted.

[0032] The top-level installation is as follows: A support frame was erected at the 35th floor, with two standard sections installed at each location; Install vertical rods, with one side on the support frame and the other side fixed to the lower component. The connection between the vertical rod and the lower frame is about 1m from the floor surface, and it is installed directly on the floor surface. Install the frames on both sides of the vertical pole, and use full-span scaffolding to install the horizontal bars between the frames; Starting from the middle and working towards both ends, first install the straight sections, then the curved sections, and finally complete all the loose parts.

[0033] The lower-level members are installed as follows: A full-scale scaffold was erected on the 33rd floor; Push the rod out from inside the 33rd floor and use a hand chain hoist to adjust the spatial posture and tilt angle of the rod. The lower part of the upper frame structure members has an opening reserved on the inner side. After the lower members are pushed in and in place, the opening is sealed by steel plate penetration welding.

[0034] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic elevation of the T2 dome reticulated shell structure, which spans from the 37th to the 40th floor. Specifically, the installation of the T2 dome reticulated shell structure includes the following steps: The T2 dome shell structure was constructed in three sections. The first section, consisting of floors 37-38, included some loose components and some prefabricated frames in the factory, totaling 64 loose components and 9 frames. The second section, consisting of floors 38-40, was composed of framed units and loose components, including 37 framed units and 168 loose components. The third section, consisting of floors 40 and above, comprised approximately 28 framed units and 213 loose components. The intermediate layer is installed as follows: The components were packed and transported to the 40th floor using a tower crane. The 40th floor was used as a storage area, and the roof crane was used to lift the intermediate layer components of the T2 dome from the 40th floor. First, install the frame. After the two frames are installed, immediately use a shears to install the intermediate parts. The parts are installed from top to bottom. Install the frames sequentially from the middle outwards. Install the loose parts between the two frames immediately after the frames are installed. Reserve loose parts between the straight and curved sections for installation last, for a total of four locations, to complete all loose parts.

[0035] The top-level installation is as follows: A support frame is installed on the 40th floor, and short columns are erected on the support frame to support the frame. The upper frame was installed using a tower crane, and the loose components were packaged and transported to the 40th floor for installation using a roof-mounted crane. Install the lower frame members; Remove the roof hoist and replace the components at the opening.

[0036] S4. Temporary support: A temporary support frame is erected using standard section components. A transfer beam is set at the bottom of the support frame to transfer the load to the main beam structure. A transfer component is set at the top of the support frame to connect with the reticulated shell structure node.

[0037] In this embodiment, a standard tower crane section is used as a temporary support frame. The main chord of the standard section is 135×135×12mm, the horizontal web members are 60×60×4mm, the diagonal web members are 60×60×4mm, and the standard section size is 1600×1600×2800mm. The temporary support frame is set as a single-point support frame and a double-point support frame according to the requirements of the support points.

[0038] S5. Support frame removal: After the mesh shell structure is formed, use jacks to unload the support points, and then remove the temporary support frame symmetrically from top to bottom.

[0039] In this embodiment, after the T1 and T2 dome shell structures are installed, jacks are used to lift the crossbeams at the support points, apply vertical force, and then the support columns are removed. The overall removal sequence is from top to bottom and symmetrical. Remove the supporting short columns; The overall dismantling sequence strictly follows the principle of proceeding from top to bottom and symmetrically to ensure uniform stress on the structure and safe unloading.

[0040] Please see Figures 5-6 In step S4 of this embodiment, the standard section components used include columns 1, steel beams 2, diagonal braces 3, and positioning and reinforcing devices 4. The columns 1 are vertically distributed along the four sides. Steel beams 2 are fixedly connected between the upper, middle, and lower parts of adjacent columns 1 to improve the structural strength. Diagonal braces 3 are welded between adjacent steel beams 2 to further improve the structural strength. Positioning and reinforcing devices 4 are provided between the four columns 1. The positioning and reinforcing devices 4 include positioning components 41, extrusion and rotation components 42, and bottom reinforcing components 43. Positioning components 41 are placed between the four columns 1. The upper end of positioning components 41 is connected to the extrusion and rotation components 42, and the lower end of positioning components 41 is connected to the bottom reinforcing components 43.

[0041] Please see Figure 7In this embodiment, the positioning component 41 includes a turntable 411. The turntable 411 has four transmission grooves 412 on its four sides, each groove being a semi-arc shape. A convex shaft 413 is vertically inserted into each of the transmission grooves 412. The bottom of each convex shaft 413 is fixedly connected to a sliding plate 414. The sliding plate 414 is slidably mounted on the four sides of the guide plate 415, with its outer ends extending through the sides of the guide plate 415 and the central steel beam 2. The guide plate 415 is connected to the steel beam 2 on all four sides and is arranged in a cross-shaped form. Hollow grooves are formed inside each of the four sides of the guide plate 415. A vertical rod 416 is fixedly connected to the outer end of each sliding plate 414, with the length of the vertical rod 416 matching that of the column 1. A positioning strip 417 is installed on the top of the vertical rod 416, with positioning points on both sides, thereby improving the stability of the upper and lower standard section assembly docking.

[0042] Please see Figures 8-9 In this embodiment, the extrusion rotation assembly 42 includes a fixed cylinder 421, which is placed on the upper end of the turntable 411. The upper end of the fixed cylinder 421 is connected to the steel beam 2 through a plate to ensure a fixed state. A rotating cylinder 422 is rotatably installed inside the fixed cylinder 421, and a spiral groove is formed on the outside of the rotating cylinder 422. A connecting shaft 423 is inserted into the upper left side of the spiral groove on the outside of the rotating cylinder 422. The end of the connecting shaft 423 away from the spiral groove is embedded in the sleeve 424, and the sleeve 424 is vertically sleeved on the upper end of the rotating cylinder 422. At the same time, the sleeve 424 can move up and down along the upper end of the fixed cylinder 421. A support rod 425 is vertically rotatably installed on the upper end of the sleeve 424. The support rod 425 is vertically inserted into the rotating cylinder 422, and supports... The length of the support rod 425 is consistent with the depth of the space opened inside the rotating cylinder 422. A spring 426 is installed on the outside of the support rod 425. The bottom of the spring 426 abuts against the bottom of the rotating cylinder 422. The bottom of the rotating cylinder 422 is connected to a limiting head 427. The limiting head 427 is embedded in the limiting groove 428, and the limiting groove 428 is opened at the bottom of the fixed cylinder 421. This ensures that the rotating cylinder 422 can rotate smoothly in both directions by the limiting head 427 and the limiting groove 428. A ring of ball bearings 429 is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the limiting head 427 to improve the smoothness of the rotation of the rotating cylinder 422. A flange 4210 is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the limiting head 427. The flange 4210 is locked to the middle of the turntable 411 by bolts.

[0043] Please see Figures 10-11In this embodiment, the bottom reinforcement component 43 includes a pressure frame 431, which is positioned opposite to the lower end of the guide plate 415. The pressure frame 431 is generally cross-shaped, with hollow sides on both sides. Push plates 432 are movably embedded in the hollow areas on both sides of the pressure frame 431. The tops of the push plates 432 are fixed to the slide plate 414, and both push plates 432 are L-shaped. The bottom pushing part of the push plate 432 is a smooth inclined surface. The hollow areas on both sides of the pressure frame 431 are provided with oblique contact surfaces 433, which are horizontally opposite to the lower pushing part of the push plate 432, thus cooperating to push the push plate 432 against the oblique contact surfaces 433. The pressure frame 431 is designed to drive the downward movement of the pressure frame 431. The pressure frame 431 has guide grooves 434 on all four sides, and the guide grooves 434 are inclined and opposite to each other. The guide grooves 434 are connected to the upper end of the sliding frame 435. The bottom of the sliding frame 435 is connected to the positioning shaft 436. The positioning shaft 436 is slidably inserted into the four sides of the support plate 437. The support plate 437 is fixed to the lower end of the four side columns 1. The front and rear sides of the support plate 437 are vertically fixed with support columns 438. The upper ends of the two side support columns 438 are inserted into the pressure frame 431. The outside of the two side support columns 438 is provided with return springs 439. The upper and lower ends of the two side return springs 439 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the front and rear sides of the pressure frame 431 and the upper ends of the front and rear sides of the support plate 437.

[0044] The positioning shaft 436 has its front end penetrating through the support plate 437 and the bottom steel beam of the steel beam 2. At the same time, the positioning shaft 436 can be inserted into the middle of the lower end of the vertical rod 416 to form a cross-reinforcement state, thereby improving the structural strength of the temporary support frame.

[0045] The working principle of the standard section component in this embodiment is as follows: The standard section component of this application mainly consists of a column 1, a steel beam 2, and a diagonal brace 3 forming a basic load-bearing frame. Its core function is achieved through an integrated positioning and reinforcement device 4. The positioning and reinforcement device 4 is composed of an upper extrusion rotation component 42, a middle positioning component 41, and a lower bottom reinforcement component 43 linked together. Its core working principle is: by extruding and driving the upper extrusion rotation component 42, the rotational motion is converted into the radial horizontal expansion of the positioning component 41, thereby triggering the insertion and locking action of the bottom reinforcement component 43, and finally realizing the positioning and docking combination of the upper and lower standard section components and the synchronous reinforcement of the four sides. Specifically, when the upper standard section assembly is placed on top of the lower standard section assembly, the compression sleeve 424 is moved downwards. The connecting shaft 423 embedded inside the sleeve 424 will drive the spiral groove on the outside of the rotating drum 422, thereby driving the rotation of the rotating drum 422. At the same time, with the cooperation of the bottom limiting head 427 and the limiting groove 428 of the rotating drum 422, it is ensured that the rotating drum 422 can only rotate and will not deviate. Furthermore, the ball bearings 429 arranged around the bottom of the limiting head 427... This greatly reduces rotational friction. Thus, the rotation of the rotating drum 422 is ultimately transmitted to the turntable 411 of the positioning assembly through the flange 4210, enabling the turntable 411 to rotate in tandem. Secondly, when the extrusion sleeve 424 is being extruded, the upper support rod 425 installed inside it will be inserted into the rotating drum 422 synchronously, serving as a guide. The spring 426 located outside the support rod 425 will have a compression and reset effect, ensuring that the extrusion rotation assembly 42 can automatically return to its original position when the upper and lower standard section assemblies are disassembled. When the turntable 411 is driven to rotate, the convex shaft 413 inserted into the transmission groove 412 is guided by the groove wall and displaces in the horizontal direction. Since the bottom of the convex shaft 413 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 414, and the slide plate 414 is limited in the hollow grooves opened on the four sides of the guide plate 415, the convex shaft 413 will horizontally drive the slide plate 414 and the vertical rod 416 fixed to its outer end to slide inward together. In this way, the positioning strip 417 provided at the top of the vertical rod 416 moves inward and makes close contact with the surrounding structure of the upper standard section assembly, forming simultaneous support and limitation on all four sides, effectively improving the overall stability and docking accuracy of the upper and lower standard section assemblies. Secondly, when the slide plate 414 in the positioning component 41 moves outward horizontally, the push plate 432 fixed to the lower end of the left and right slide plates 414 moves inward synchronously. Thus, the inclined surface at the bottom of the push plate 432 will contact the inclined contact surface 433 provided inside the pressure frame 431, converting the horizontal thrust into downward pressure, forcing the pressure frame 431 to move downward along the front and rear support columns 438 and compressing the return spring 439. When the pressure frame 431 moves downward, the guide grooves 434 opened on its four sides will push the sliding frame 435 and its bottom positioning shaft 436 to extend outward simultaneously, ultimately causing the four side positioning shafts 436 to simultaneously insert into the preset holes at the bottom of the four side vertical rods 416, forming a solid vertical connection, thereby greatly enhancing the anti-slip and anti-deformation ability of the bottom of the temporary support frame, and greatly improving the structural strength and stability of the stacked combination temporary support frame.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing and constructing a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Construction preparation and site layout: Arrange the main tower crane and roof crane on the construction site, and plan the component storage yard and transportation route; S2. Component Prefabrication and Transportation: The grid shell structure members are prefabricated into square frame unit components in the factory and then transported to the site storage yard. S3. Structural Installation: The main tower crane is used to complete the vertical transportation of components, and the roof crane is used to carry out local hoisting and installation operations, in the order of expansion from the middle of the structure to both ends; S4. Temporary support: A temporary support frame is erected using standard section components. A transfer beam is set at the bottom of the support frame to transfer the load to the main beam structure. A transfer component is set at the top of the support frame to connect with the reticulated shell structure node. S5. Support Removal: After the grid shell structure is formed, use jacks to unload the support points, and then remove the temporary support frame symmetrically from top to bottom; The standard section components used in step S4 include columns (1), steel beams (2), diagonal braces (3) and positioning and reinforcing devices (4). The columns (1) are vertically distributed along the four sides. Steel beams (2) are fixedly connected between the upper, middle and lower parts of adjacent columns (1). Diagonal braces (3) are welded between adjacent steel beams (2). Positioning and reinforcing devices (4) are provided between the columns (1) on the four sides. The positioning and reinforcing devices (4) include positioning components (41), extrusion and rotation components (42) and bottom reinforcing components (43). The positioning components (41) are placed between the columns (1) on the four sides. The upper end of the positioning components (41) is connected to the extrusion and rotation components (42), and the lower end of the positioning components (41) is connected to the bottom reinforcing components (43). The positioning component (41) includes a turntable (411), and the turntable (411) has a transmission groove (412) on all four sides. A convex shaft (413) is inserted into the transmission groove (412) on each side. The bottom of the convex shaft (413) is fixedly connected to the slide plate (414). The slide plate (414) is slidably installed inside the guide plate (415). The outer side of the guide plate (415) is connected to the steel beam (2). A vertical rod (416) is fixedly connected to the outside of the slide plate (414). A positioning strip (417) is installed on the top of the vertical rod (416). The extrusion rotating assembly (42) includes a fixed cylinder (421), which is placed on the upper end of the turntable (411). The upper end of the fixed cylinder (421) is connected to the steel beam (2) through a plate. A rotating cylinder (422) is rotatably installed inside the fixed cylinder (421). A connecting shaft (423) is inserted into the outer part of the upper end of the rotating cylinder (422). One side of the connecting shaft (423) is embedded in the sleeve (424), and the sleeve (424) is vertically sleeved on the upper end of the rotating cylinder (422). A support rod (425) is installed at the upper end of the sleeve (424), and the support rod (425) is vertically inserted into the rotating cylinder (422). Inside the cylinder (421), a spring (426) is installed on the outside of the support rod (425). The bottom of the spring (426) abuts against the bottom of the inner cylinder (422). The bottom of the cylinder (422) is connected to a limiting head (427). The limiting head (427) is embedded in the limiting groove (428). The limiting groove (428) is opened at the bottom of the fixed cylinder (421). Ball bearings (429) are installed at equal intervals on the outer side of the bottom of the limiting head (427). A flange (4210) is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the limiting head (427). The flange (4210) is locked to the middle of the turntable (411) by bolts. The bottom reinforcement component (43) includes a pressure frame (431), which is disposed opposite to the lower end of the guide plate (415). Push plates (432) are movably embedded on both sides of the pressure frame (431), and the tops of the push plates (432) on both sides are fixed to the slide plate (414). An inclined contact surface (433) is provided inside both sides of the pressure frame (431), and the inclined contact surface (433) is horizontally opposite to the lower pushing part of the push plate (432). Guide grooves (434) are provided on all four sides of the pressure frame (431), and the guide grooves (434) are connected to the sliding plate (414). The upper end of the frame (435) is connected, and the bottom of the sliding frame (435) is connected to the positioning shaft (436). The positioning shaft (436) is slidably inserted into the support plate (437), and the support plate (437) is fixed to the lower end of the four side columns (1). The front and rear sides of the support plate (437) are vertically fixed with support columns (438), and the upper end of the support column (438) is inserted into the pressure frame (431). The support column (438) is provided with a return spring (439) on the outside, and the upper and lower ends of the return spring (439) are connected to the pressure frame (431) and the support plate (437) respectively.

2. The installation and construction method for a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural installation in step S3 shall be performed in the following order: The middle section of the first dome (T1); Saddle section; The upper and lower sections of the first dome (T1); Install the second dome (T2) structural section and reserve the roof hoisting installation opening; Remove the roof hoist and replace the components at the opening.

3. The installation and construction method for a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the component storage area needs to be hardened. The hardened layer is made of C20 concrete and has a thickness of not less than 150mm.

4. The installation and construction method for a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 also includes the installation of the lower-level members, specifically: pushing the members outward from inside the lower floor and using a hand-operated hoist to adjust the spatial posture and tilt angle of the members; the lower part of the upper frame structure members has reserved openings, and after pushing the lower-level members in and positioning them, the openings are sealed by penetration welding.

5. The installation and construction method for a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard section assembly in step S4 has a main chord specification of 135*135*12mm and a standard section size of 1600*1600*2800mm; the temporary support frame is set as a single-point support frame and a double-point support frame according to the support point requirements.

6. The installation and construction method for a large-span hyperbolic single-layer reticulated shell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the temporary support frame is connected to the grid shell structure by an H-beam transfer beam, and a support plate is provided between the H-beam transfer beam and the grid shell structure for support.

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